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Sheng SL, Bao SH, Huang G, Wang LM. Development of time-resolved immunofluorometric assays for vascular endothelial growth factor and application on plasma of patients with gastric tumours. Clin Exp Immunol 2008; 151:459-66. [PMID: 18234057 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03548.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly sensitive and accurate time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (TR-IFMA) has been developed, for the first time, to measure plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with gastric tumours. A monoclonal anti-hVEGF antibody and a biotinylated anti-hVEGF antibody were used to develop a non-competitive 'sandwich'-type assay. Fluorescence can be measured by a time-resolved fluorometer after binding of europium (Eu)(3+)-labelled streptavidin to the biotinylated immunoglobulin. Plasma VEGF concentrations were measured by TR-IFMA in 92 healthy controls, in 36 benign stomach disease patients and in 92 gastric cancer patients before surgery. The association between plasma VEGF levels and clinicopathological features was evaluated. A standard curve for VEGF TR-IFMA has been developed with good sensitivity (0.37 pg/ml). Accuracy studies, specificity, parallelism and precision data were determined and all were found to be satisfactory. The validity of the VEGF assay was confirmed by the good correlation between the results obtained by TR-IFMA and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (ELISA result = 1.862 + 0.953 (TR-IFMA result), r = 0.944]. The plasma levels of VEGF are higher in gastric cancer patients than in healthy controls. VEGF levels were associated significantly with the presence of distant metastases, as well as invasion depth of the tumour and tumour stage, but not with tumour location, tumour histology, differentiation or the presence of lymph node metastases. At the cut-off of 217.79 pg/ml, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the TR-IFMA were 40.2%, 93.7% and 69.9%, respectively. A highly sensitive and reliable TR-IFMA for VEGF has been developed. The determination of plasma VEGF levels may be clinically useful.
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Kraitchman D, Kedziorek D, Gilson W, Cosby K, Huang G, Barnett B, Kohl B, Bulte J, Hofmann L. Abstract No. 176: Encapsulated X-Ray Visible Stem Cells for Arteriogenic Therapy in Peripheral Arterial Disease. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2007.12.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Wang JP, Zhou ZG, Lin J, Huang G, Zhang C, Yang L, Yuan Y, Zhou HF, Zhou M, Hou C, Zhou WD, Peng H, Hagopian WA. Islet autoantibodies are associated with HLA-DQ genotypes in Han Chinese patients with type 1 diabetes and their relatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:369-75. [PMID: 17919266 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2007.00916.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between islet autoantibodies of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), islet antigen-2A (IA-2A), insulin autoantibody (IAA), and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ genotypes in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients and their first-degree relatives (FDRs). Cross-sectional and case-control study. Four hundred and ninety-five T1D patients, 419 FDRs, and 376 control subjects in Han Chinese populations were recruited and tested for GADA and IA-2A, while 71 cases, all FDRs and 300 controls were tested for IAA. The 338 T1D patients (including 187 antibody-positive and 151 antibody-negative patients), 173 FDRs and 278 controls were genotyped for HLA-DQ with polymerase chain reaction sequencing-based method. Compared with the control, the frequency of DQA1*03-DQB1*0303, DQA1*05-DQB1*0201, and DQA1*03-DQB1*0401 haplotypes was higher (P < 0.05-0.01) but DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 haplotype was lower (P < 0.01) in T1D patients. DQA1*03 allele was less in the FDRs than in their probands (P < 0.05). GADA was more prevalent in T1D patients carrying DQA1*05-DQB1*0201 or DQA1*03-DQB1*0401 haplotype (55.8% vs 41.0%, 65.5% vs 40.3%, P < 0.05-0.01), whereas IA-2A presented more in the patients carrying DQA1*03-DQB1*0303 haplotype (27.0% vs 7.9%, P < 0.05-0.01), both GADA and IA-2A showed frequently in the patients with DQA1*03-DQB1*0303/DQA1*05-DQB1*0201 haplotypes (34.5% vs 9.7%, P < 0.01). GADA positivity was lower in the patients with DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 haplotype (16.7% vs 45.9%, P < 0.05). The frequency of IAA was not different between patients with and without susceptible DQ haplotypes (P > 0.05). GADA, IA-2A or IAA presented frequently in FDRs with DQA1*03-DQB1*0303 haplotype. The findings in the study indicate that some of specific HLA-DQA1/-DQB1 genotypes and haplotypes not only confer susceptibility to T1D but also are associated with the presence of the islet autoantibodies in the Han Chinese population.
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Candler C, Ihnat M, Huang G. Pharmacology education in undergraduate and graduate medical education in the United States. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007; 82:134-7. [PMID: 17632538 DOI: 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacology is considered a core course for virtually every medical school in the world. Although the study and teaching of the properties of drug-like substances dates from at least ancient Greece and Egypt, Oswald Schmiedeberg (1838-1921) at the University of Strassburg in Germany is generally recognized as the founder of modern pharmacology. Schmiedeberg himself trained many of the first generation of modern academic pharmacologists, including the first chair of pharmacology in North America, John Jacob Abel at the University of Michigan. Furthermore, the discovery, development, and use of morphine during the U.S. Civil War bolstered the desire for future physicians to be taught about the properties of drugs, and by the 1890s almost every medical school had a course on drugs.
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Huang G, Wong K. Synthesis and allylation at the all O-6 positions of cyclomaltohexaose. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2007; 9:721-723. [PMID: 17994389 DOI: 10.1080/10286020600979928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A method for preparation of per-6-O-substituted cyclodextrin derivatives was developed. The thermostable cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) formed mainly cyclomaltohexaose 2 from amylose 1. The compound 2 was selectively converted to 3 without protection of the other hydroxyl groups by allylation at the all O-6 positions in excess base.
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Cha J, Huang G, Guo J, Liu Y. Posttranslational control of the Neurospora circadian clock. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2007; 72:185-191. [PMID: 18419276 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2007.72.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic circadian clocks are composed of autoregulatory circadian negative feedback loops that include both positive and negative elements. Investigations of the Neurospora circadian clock system have elucidated many of the basic mechanisms that underlie circadian rhythms, including negative feedback and light and temperature entrainment common to all eukaryotic clocks. The conservation of the posttranslational regulators in divergent circadian systems suggests that the processes mediating the modification and degradation of clock proteins may be the common foundation that allows the evolution of circadian clocks in eukaryotic systems. In this chapter, we summarize recent studies of the Neurospora circadian clock with emphasis on posttranslational regulation in the circadian negative feedback loop.
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Huang G, Chen Y, Lu H, Cao X. Coupling mitochondrial respiratory chain to cell death: an essential role of mitochondrial complex I in the interferon-β and retinoic acid-induced cancer cell death. Cell Death Differ 2006; 14:327-37. [PMID: 16826196 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4402004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination of retinoic acids (RAs) and interferons (IFNs) has synergistic apoptotic effects and is used in cancer treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) plays an essential role in the IFN-beta/RA-induced cancer cell death. We found that IFN-beta/RA upregulates the expression of MRC complex subunits. Mitochondrial-nuclear translocation of these subunits was not observed, but overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes loss of mitochondrial function, was detected upon IFN-beta/RA treatment. Knockdown of GRIM-19 (gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19) and NDUFS3 (NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 3), two subunits of MRC complex I, by siRNA in two cancer cell lines conferred resistance to IFN-beta/RA-induced apoptosis and reduced ROS production. In parallel, expression of late genes induced by IFN-beta/RA that are directly involved in growth inhibition and cell death was also repressed in the knockdown cells. Our data suggest that the MRC regulates IFN-beta/RA-induced cell death by modulating ROS production and late gene expression.
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Bostock JM, Huang G, Hashimi SM, Zhang L, Birch RG. A DHA14 drug efflux gene from Xanthomonas albilineans confers high-level albicidin antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. J Appl Microbiol 2006; 101:151-60. [PMID: 16834602 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02899.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Identification of a gene for self-protection from the antibiotic-producing plant pathogen Xanthomonas albilineans, and functional testing by heterologous expression. METHODS AND RESULTS Albicidin antibiotics and phytotoxins are potent inhibitors of prokaryote DNA replication. A resistance gene (albF) isolated by shotgun cloning from the X. albilineans albicidin-biosynthesis region encodes a protein with typical features of DHA14 drug efflux pumps. Low-level expression of albF in Escherichia coli increased the MIC of albicidin 3000-fold, without affecting tsx-mediated albicidin uptake into the periplasm or resistance to other tested antibiotics. Bioinformatic analysis indicates more similarity to proteins involved in self-protection in polyketide-antibiotic-producing actinomycetes than to multi-drug resistance pumps in other gram-negative bacteria. A complex promoter region may co-regulate albF with genes for hydrolases likely to be involved in albicidin activation or self-protection. CONCLUSIONS AlbF is the first apparent single-component antibiotic-specific efflux pump from a gram-negative antibiotic producer. It shows extraordinary efficiency as measured by resistance level conferred upon heterologous expression. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Development of the clinical potential of albicidins as potent bactericidial antibiotics against diverse bacteria has been limited because of low yields in culture. Expression of albF with recently described albicidin-biosynthesis genes may enable large-scale production. Because albicidins are X. albilineans pathogenicity factors, interference with AlbF function is also an opportunity for control of the associated plant disease.
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Hertzberg M, Grigg A, Gottlieb D, Szer J, Roberts A, Hoyt R, Huang G, Bradstock KF. Reduced-intensity allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation induces durable responses in patients with chronic B-lymphoproliferative disorders. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 37:923-8. [PMID: 16565735 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-six patients with chronic B-lymphoproliferative disorders (B-LPD) underwent reduced-intensity allogeneic transplantation (RIT) from HLA-identical related donors. Diagnoses included follicular (n=17), mantle cell (n=9) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (n=2), and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (n=8). Median age at transplant was 51 years (range, 30-66) and time from diagnosis was 3.4 years (range, 0.3-9.5). At transplant, 28% were in CR, 36% were in PR and 36% were chemorefractory. Conditioning therapy included fludarabine and either cyclophosphamide (n=27) or melphalan (n=9). Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporin (CsA)/methotrexate (n=21), CsA/mycophenolate mofetil (n=13) or CsA alone (n=2). Eight patients died owing to acute GVHD (n=3), infection in association with chronic GVHD (n=4) and intra-abdominal bleeding (n=1). Treatment-related mortality was 8% at day 100, and 17 and 20% at one and two years, respectively. The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD was 58%, whereas limited and extensive chronic GVHD occurred in 25 and 56%, respectively. No patient has relapsed or progressed. At a median follow-up of 48 months, overall survival probability is 80% (95% CI, 67-93%). We confirm that RIT in chronic B-LPD can result in high and durable CR rates but with significant incidences of acute and chronic GVHD.
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Bradstock KF, Hertzberg MS, Kerridge IH, Svennilson J, McGurgan M, Huang G, Antonenas V, Gottlieb DJ. Unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation for adults with haematological malignancies: results from a single Australian centre. Intern Med J 2006; 36:355-61. [PMID: 16732860 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2006.01079.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of haematological malignancies can be cured by allogeneic stem cell transplantation but only approximately 30% of Australians have a suitable histocompatible related donor. Matched donors can be found on international registries of unrelated volunteers for a proportion of the remaining patients. For those patients in need of an allogeneic transplant, but for whom a suitable matched related or unrelated adult donor cannot be found, the use of banked unrelated umbilical cord blood has emerged as a potential option. However, there is uncertainty about the applicability of this technique for the majority of adult patients as a result of limitations in the number of cells in banked cord blood units and the degree of mismatching for histocompatibility antigens. AIMS The aim of this study was to define the feasibility of allogeneic stem cell transplantation using single unrelated cord blood units in a cohort of adults with poor prognosis leukaemia or lymphoma. METHODS Nine patients with haematological malignancies (five with acute myeloid leukaemia, one with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, one with Hodgkin lymphoma and two with non-Hodgkin lymphomas) received transplants of cryopreserved cord blood after conditioning therapy with high-dose cyclophosphamide, total body irradiation and antithymocyte globulin. Cord units contained a median 2.6 x 10(7) nucleated cells/kg recipient bodyweight and were matched for four (seven cases) or five (two cases) major histocompatibility complex class 1 and 2 antigens. Patients were given post-transplant immunosuppression with cycosporin and methylprednisolone. RESULTS Neutrophil recovery to 0.5 x 10(9)/L was seen by median day 30 after transplant in all seven patients who survived more than 1 month post-transplant. Platelet recovery to 50 x 10(9)/L occurred by median day 81 in five evaluable patients. Acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) grades II-IV was seen in four of seven evaluable patients and limited chronic GVHD was seen in four of five. Infection was the most common complication. Four patients died before day 100 of infection (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia, respiratory syncitial virus pneumonia), GVHD and multi-organ failure, and intracranial bleeding. Five patients survived 7-69 months post-transplant, without evidence of relapse of the underlying malignancy. CONCLUSION Unrelated cord blood transplantation is feasible in adults with high-risk malignancy, with infection relating to immunocompromise being the major limitation.
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Hertzberg M, Bradstock K, Szer J, Gottlieb D, Roberts A, Hoyt R, Huang G, Grigg A. Reduced-intensity allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation induces durable responses in patients with chronic B-lymphoproliferative disorders. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wang H, Duan S, Du J, Li X, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Huang G, Feng G, He L. Transmission disequilibrium test provides evidence of association between promoter polymorphisms in 22q11 gene DGCR14 and schizophrenia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 113:1551-61. [PMID: 16432632 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0420-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2005] [Accepted: 11/01/2005] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has suggested that the DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 14 (DGCR14) exhibits activity differences of more than 1.5 fold between the haplotypes of the variants in the promoter region. DGCR14 is located at 22q11.21, an acknowledged region for susceptibility to schizophrenia. To test the hypothesis that DGCR14 may be involved in the etiology of the disease, we carried out a family-based association study between the reported functional markers and schizophrenia in 235 Chinese Han trios. We found significant evidence of preferential transmission of the promoter variants of DGCR14 across all the trios (Best p-value = 0.00038, Global p-value = 0.0008). The positive results have suggested that DGCR14 is likely to play an important role in the etiology of schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population.
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Zhang D, Zhou Z, Li L, Weng J, Huang G, Jing P, Zhang C, Peng J, Xiu L. Islet autoimmunity and genetic mutations in Chinese subjects initially thought to have Type 1B diabetes. Diabet Med 2006; 23:67-71. [PMID: 16409568 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01722.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the contribution of islet autoimmunity and genetic mutations in Chinese patients initially thought to have Type 1B diabetes. METHODS A group of 33 Chinese patients with newly diagnosed Type 1B diabetes, were identified by the absence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), IA-2, insulin, thyroid globulin or thyroid peroxidase, or high-risk HLA-DQ haplotypes. The cohort was further characterized by measurement of autoantibodies to carboxypeptidase H (CPH) and SOX13 using radioligand assays, and testing for genetic mutations associated with MODY3/MODY6 and mitochondrial diabetes. Mutations of HNF-1alpha (MODY3) and neuroD1/beta2 (MODY6) genes were screened using the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique and sequencing. Mitochondrial DNA mutations were analysed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS Within the cohort, we found one patient with a novel mutation, R321H (CGC-->CAC) in exon 5 of the HNF-1alpha gene, one with ND1 mt3316 G-->A mutation in mitochondrial DNA, five with Ala45Thr polymorphisms in the neuroD1/beta2 gene, and two patients with autoantibodies to SOX13. CONCLUSIONS Some of the Chinese patients originally thought to have Type 1B diabetes do have other evidence of islet autoimmunity and genetic mutations involved in the underlying aetiology. This suggests that more rigorous screening for these conditions is needed before classifying subjects as having Type 1B diabetes.
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Guo CC, Huang G, Guo DC. Preparation of nitrogenous polysaccharide-supported ironporphyrins and their catalysis for the aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158406010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Futamura T, Ishihara H, Tamura T, Yasutake T, Huang G, Kojima M, Okabe M. Kojic acid production in an airlift bioreactor using partially hydrolyzed raw corn starch. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 92:360-5. [PMID: 16233111 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.92.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2001] [Accepted: 07/25/2001] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In a culture of Aspergillus oryzae MK-107-39 in a 3-l airlift bioreactor, kojic acid was not produced when glucose/wheat germ medium (GM1) was used. However, when a jar fermentor was used, the kojic acid yield was high. A suitable medium for culture in an airlift bioreactor consisting of partially hydrolyzed corn starch and a small amount of corn steep liquor (CSL) (SM1) was selected. In the cultivation in the airlift bioreactor using SM1, nearly 40 g/l of kojic acid was produced, which was the same as the amount produced in the jar fermentor containing GM1. The optimum aeration rate for the airlift bioreactor was 2.0 vvm (0.66 cm/s of superficial linear velocity (Vs)). The cost of SM1 using the airlift bioreactor was reduced to 40% that of GM1 using the jar fermentor. Furthermore, the energy cost of kojic acid production using SM1 in the airlift bioreactor was less than one-fourth of that for the jar fermentor using GM1.
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Fan T, Guo Z, Ye W, Liu W, Feng Y, Song X, Huang G, Liu T, Hong Y, Liu C, Chen J, Tang G, Shi Z, Huang X, Chen J. Reply to letter to the editor. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2005.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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217
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Jin X, Huang G, Jiang G, Zhou Q, Liu J. Distribution of 4-nonylphenol isomers in surface water of the Haihe River, People's Republic of China. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2004; 73:1109-1116. [PMID: 15674727 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-004-0539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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Li X, Zhou ZG, Huang G, Yan X, Yang L, Chen XY, Wang JP. Optimal Cutoff Point of Glutamate Decarboxylase Antibody Titers in Differentiating Two Subtypes of Adult-Onset Latent Autoimmune Diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004; 1037:122-6. [PMID: 15699504 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1337.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The optimal cutoff point of glutamate decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) titers for differentiating two latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) subtypes remains unclear. One hundred and forty-five GAD-Ab-positive patients screened from phenotypic type 2 diabetes were diagnosed as LADA. The clinical features were compared among LADA patients with different GAD-Ab titers. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of GAD-Ab titers and to define the optimal cutoff point. The heterogeneity of clinical features in LADA could be discriminated by five GAD-Ab titers, with maximal differences at the titer of 175 U/mL. The ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cutoff point for discriminating two LADA subtypes was at the titer of 175 U/mL, with sensitivity and specificity of 54.5% and 92.1%, respectively. These findings demonstrated that the two clinically distinct subtypes of LADA can be optimally discriminated by the GAD-Ab titers.
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Margolis HS, Barwood GP, Huang G, Klein HA, Lea SN, Szymaniec K, Gill P. Hertz-Level Measurement of the Optical Clock Frequency in a Single 88Sr+ Ion. Science 2004; 306:1355-8. [PMID: 15550666 DOI: 10.1126/science.1105497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The frequency of the 5s 2S(1/2)-4d 2D(5/2) electric quadrupole clock transition in a single, trapped, laser-cooled 88Sr+ ion has been measured by using an optical frequency comb referenced to a cesium fountain primary frequency standard. The frequency of the transition is measured as 444,779,044,095,484.6 (1.5) hertz, with a fractional uncertainty within a factor of 3 of that of the cesium standard. Improvements required to obtain a cesium-limited frequency measurement are described and are expected to lead to a 88Sr+ optical clock with stability and reproducibility exceeding that of the primary cesium standard.
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Barwood GP, Margolis HS, Huang G, Gill P, Klein HA. Measurement of the electric quadrupole moment of the 4d2D5/2 level in 88Sr+. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:133001. [PMID: 15524716 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.133001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The quadrupole moment of the 4d (2)D(5/2) level in 88Sr+ has been measured to be 2.6(3)ea(2)(0), where a(0) is the Bohr radius and e the elementary charge. A single laser-cooled strontium ion was confined in an end cap trap with a variable dc quadrupole potential, and measurements were made on the 5s (2)S(1/2)-4d (2)D(5/2) transition at 674 nm using a femtosecond optical frequency comb. This work shows that measurements of the unperturbed 88Sr+ transition frequency with sub-Hz uncertainty are possible and is important in understanding the reproducibility of ion trap optical frequency standards.
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Danko I, Cronin-Hennessy D, Park C, Park W, Thayer J, Thorndike E, Coan T, Gao Y, Liu F, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Blusk S, Dambasuren E, Dorjkhaidav O, Mountain R, Muramatsu H, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang J, Mahmood A, Csorna S, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas S, Shapiro A, Sun W, Weinstein A, Briere R, Chen G, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Watkins M, Adam N, Alexander J, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel D, Duboscq J, Ecklund K, Ehrlich R, Galik R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray S, Hartill D, Heltsley B, Hsu L, Jones C, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick D, Kuznetsov V, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer T, Mistry N, Patterson J, Pedlar T, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Richichi S, Riley D, Sadoff A, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd M, Thayer J, Urner D, Wilksen T, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar S, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Eisenstein B, Gollin G, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler J, Williams J, Edwards K, Besson D, Gao K, Gong D, Kubota Y, Li S, Poling R, Scott A, Smith A, Stepaniak C, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth K, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ernst J, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan K, Gwon C, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman S, Mueller J, Nam S, Savinov V, Huang G, Miller D, Pavlunin V, Sanghi B, Shibata E, Shipsey I. Measurement of the decay rate of Ξc0→pK-K-π+ relative to Ξc0→Ξ-π+. Int J Clin Exp Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.69.052004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Luo XH, Liao EY, Liao HJ, Jin Y, Zhou HD, Huang G. Recombinant matrix metalloproteinase-14 catalytic domain induces apoptosis in human osteoblastic SaOS-2 cells. J Endocrinol Invest 2003; 26:1111-6. [PMID: 15008250 DOI: 10.1007/bf03345259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Our study previously showed that estrogen and progesterone stimulated the production of matrix metalloproteinase-14 [MMP-14, or also named membrane type matrix metalloproteinses-1 (MT1-MMP)] in osteoblastic cells. MMP-14 was implied to regulate the function of osteoblasts by degrading bone matrix or growth factors, but the mechanism is unclear. Since MMP-14 plays a role primarily through the catalytic domain, and truncated MMP-14 containing the catalytic domain and lacking transmembrane domain can be secreted into medium by cultured cells, our present study was performed to observe the direct effects of recombinant MMP-14 catalytic domain on cultured human osteoblastic osteogenic sarcoma (SaOS)-2 cells. Our data showed that recombinant MMP-14 catalytic domain activated proMMP-2 secreted into media by SaOS-2 cells, and this process was blocked by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) treatment. Recombinant MMP-14 catalytic domain inhibited the adhesion of SaOS-2 cells to immobilized type I collagen or fibronectin in a dose-dependent manner, and these effects on SaOS-2 cells were abolished by EDTA. Recombinant MMP-14 catalytic domain induced SaOS-2 cells apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, and apoptosis-inducing activity of MMP-14 catalytic domain was blocked if it was treated with EDTA. In conclusion, we revealed that recombinant MMP-14 catalytic domain induced SaOS-2 cells apoptosis. We also indirectly showed the activity of MMP-14 catalytic domain to degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) in cultures of SaOS-2 cells through Gelatin Zymograms and adhesion assay. This suggests that since adhesion of cells to ECM serves as a survival mechanism in osteoblasts, the catalytic activity of recombinant MMP-14 catalytic domain on matrix proteins contributes to its apoptosis-inducing activity.
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Huang G, Sauer W, He J, Ramírez M. The nutritive value of hulled and hulless barley
for growing pigs.
2. Determination of in vivo and in vitro energy and
in vivo ileal amino acid digestibility. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2003. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/67772/2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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224
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Huang G, Sauer W, He J, Hwangbo J, Wang X. The nutritive value of hulled and hulless barley
for growing pigs.
1. Determination of energy and protein digestibility
with the in vivo and in vitro method. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2003. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/67771/2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Huang G, Li Q, Zhang X. Adsorption and desorption of atrazine by three soils. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2003; 71:655-661. [PMID: 14672115 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-003-0183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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