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Cheng G, Lin S, Sun S, Feng M, Bai X. The negative effects of ego-depletion in junior high school students on displaced aggressive behavior and the counteraction of the natural environment. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 250:104481. [PMID: 39265350 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the effects of ego-depletion in junior high school students on displaced aggressive behavior and the counteraction of the nature. Study 1 investigated the effects of ego-depletion on displaced aggressive behavior in junior high school students using a within-subject design, comparing the differences in displaced aggressive behavior between the induced ego-depletion condition and the non-induced ego-depletion condition. Results showed that junior high school students exhibited significantly higher levels of displaced aggressive behavior under the induced ego-depletion condition compared to the non-induced ego-depletion condition. Study 2 examined the role of the nature in the process of ego-depletion influencing displaced aggressive behavior. A 2 (ego-depletion: induced ego-depletion vs. non-induced ego-depletion) × 2 (picture type: blank picture vs. natural picture) mixed design was used. A picture-viewing task was inserted between the ego-depletion task and the displaced aggressive behavior task to compare the differences in displaced aggressive behavior between the group that viewed blank pictures and the group that viewed natural pictures. The results showed that under the induced ego-depletion condition, there was no significant difference in displaced aggressive behavior between viewing natural pictures and viewing blank pictures. However, after viewing blank pictures, displaced aggressive behavior under induced ego-depletion condition was significantly higher than under non-induced ego-depletion condition; after viewing natural pictures, there was no significant difference in displaced aggressive behavior between induced ego-depletion condition and non-induced ego-depletion condition. These results suggest that ego-depletion can increase displaced aggressive behavior in junior high school students, but this phenomenon is not observed after exposure to nature. The current study provides empirical evidence for investigating the effects of ego-depletion on displaced aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonglu Cheng
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Shuang Lin
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Shinan Sun
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Mengmeng Feng
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xuejun Bai
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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Bashian S, Wade RB, Lerner B, Shulman HC. When Fears Come True: An Experimental Approximation of Patient Comprehension During Initial Cancer Diagnoses. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39258734 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2024.2400819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
An experiment (N = 624 U.S. adults) was designed to approximate how well patients attend to information during a cancer-related doctor visit. To make this assessment, we manipulated mortality salience (present, absent) and language complexity (simple words, complex words) to understand whether these factors impact newly diagnosed patients' ability to attend to relevant treatment information. Message attention was measured through a comprehension quiz and a signal detection task. We found that a state of heightened mortality salience slightly improved message comprehension. We also found that language simplicity in an article about skin cancer treatment improved comprehension and attention, particularly under conditions of high mortality salience. These findings suggest that practitioners should use simple language when discussing health care options with their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Blue Lerner
- School of Communication, Ohio State University
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53
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He S, Zhao R, Li C, Hui L, Dong S, Xu C, Cui L. Scene effects on disgusted facial expression detection in individuals with social anxiety: The role of emotional intensity. Biol Psychol 2024; 192:108863. [PMID: 39270922 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Individuals exhibiting high social anxiety (HSA) typically encounter challenges in identifying threatening stimuli with varying levels of intensity in different social scenes, ultimately affecting their social interactions. However, it is not well understood how social scenes, emotional intensity, and interaction influence the recognition of threat stimuli among HSA individuals (HSAs). To address this issue, a face recognition task was administered to 20 HSA participants and 22 individuals exhibiting low social anxiety (LSA) in this study. Results indicated that during the social scene presentation stage, HSAs produced larger P2 amplitude than LSA individuals (LSAs) no matter the valence of the scenes. During the face recognition stage, HSAs had smaller N170 amplitude than LSAs and exhibited lower recognition time for 2 % disgusted faces compared to LSAs. Furthermore, the consistency between scenes and faces led to faster recognition of disgusted faces in HSAs, but not in LSAs. Consequently, our findings suggested that HSAs exhibited unique cognitive processing patterns in social scenes, manifested by increased attention to scenes and decreased attention to faces. In addition, the emotional congruence between the scene and the faces could facilitate the recognition of faces by HSAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ruonan Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chieh Li
- Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lihong Hui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shubo Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Cai Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lixia Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, PR China.
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54
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Chang W, Zhao X, Wang L, Zhou X. Causal role of frontocentral beta oscillation in comprehending linguistic communicative functions. Neuroimage 2024:120853. [PMID: 39270764 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Linguistic communication is often considered as an action serving the function of conveying the speaker's goal to the addressee. Although neuroimaging studies have suggested a role of the motor system in comprehending communicative functions, the underlying mechanism is yet to be specified. Here, by two EEG experiments and a tACS experiment, we demonstrate that the frontocentral beta oscillation, which represents action states, plays a crucial part in linguistic communication understanding. Participants read scripts involving two interlocutors and rated the interlocutors' attitudes. Each script included a critical sentence said by the speaker expressing a context-dependent function of either promise, request, or reply to the addressee's query. These functions were behaviorally discriminated, with higher addressee's will rating for the promise than for the reply and higher speaker's will rating for the request than for the reply. EEG multivariate analyses showed that different communicative functions were represented by different patterns of the frontocentral beta activity but not by patterns of alpha activity. Further tACS results showed that, relative to alpha tACS and sham stimulation, beta tACS improved the predictability of communicative functions of request or reply, as measured by the speaker's will rating. These results convergently suggest a causal role of the frontocentral beta activities in comprehending linguistic communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Chang
- Institute of Linguistics, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 201620, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhao
- Institute of Linguistics, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- School of Psychology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 200125, China.
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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55
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Jin L, Zhu T, Wang Y. Relationship power attenuated the effects of gratitude on perceived partner responsiveness and satisfaction in romantic relationships. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21090. [PMID: 39256415 PMCID: PMC11387639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a gap in whether relationship power affects the association between gratitude and relationship satisfaction in romantic relationships. Based on the relationship maintenance model and the social distance theory of power, the present study adopted a digital questionnaire design on an online platform to test the mediating role of perceived partner responsiveness between gratitude and satisfaction as well as the moderating role of relationship power. A total of 825 subjects (Mage = 27.2, SD = 10.6; female 46.9%) who had been in romantic relationships for more than six months participated in this study. Overall, the results of the moderator-mediator model indicated that, compared to individuals with low levels of relationship power, the relationship between gratitude and perceived partner responsiveness as well as that between perceived partner responsiveness and relationship satisfaction was weaker among those with high levels of power. These findings are revealing for interventions designed to promote satisfaction between couples with power imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, No. 3663, North Zhong Shan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Tongtong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, No. 3663, North Zhong Shan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, No. 3663, North Zhong Shan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200335, China.
- Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science of Anhui Province on Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intelligence Intervention, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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56
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Heard E, Bartleet BL. How can community music shape individual and collective well-being? A case study of a place-based initiative. Health Promot J Austr 2024. [PMID: 39257211 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED There is an urgent need to investigate innovative and creative approaches in health promotion that support work towards health equity. In response, this study explores the potential for arts, and community music specifically, to strengthen individual and collective well-being. METHODS This study used a qualitative case study methodology that involved interviews, focus groups and ethnographic observation with participants (N = 13), facilitator (N = 1) and support staff (N = 2) of an established community music initiative conducted in an urban community. Data collection was conducted across 2023 and data analysis drew on a socioecological framework to explore potential individual and collective outcomes from the perspective of those involved in the initiative. RESULTS Findings point to outcomes across socioecological levels with researchers identifying positive health and well-being implications for participants including joy, healing and a sense of purpose, creative self-expression, confidence, social connection and contribution. Positive outcomes for the wider community were also identified including developing community ties, promoting safety and shaping and sharing of collective identity. Findings suggest community-led opportunities for engagement can support healing and empowerment for people who are marginalised, and this can enable active community participation related to challenging the status quo and developing a shared set of values. Potential implications of these outcomes in relation to broader societal transformations are discussed. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights how community music, and the arts more broadly are working in communities in ways that support potential personal, community and societal transformations towards health equity. SO WHAT?: By developing coalitions and collaborating with diverse sectors, including the arts and social sectors, health promotion practitioners and researchers can harness the creative strengths and resources that exist within a community to support positive individual and collective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Heard
- Creative Arts Research Institute, Griffith University, Meanjin/Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brydie-Leigh Bartleet
- Creative Arts Research Institute, Griffith University, Meanjin/Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Roberts M. One Profession, Multiple Identities: On the Implications of Intersectionality in Veterinary Medicine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2024:S0195-5616(24)00076-7. [PMID: 39261114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
It is a well-known fact in veterinary medicine that the field has struggled to diversify the profession and is one of the most homogenous careers in the United States. Discrimination is still quite common in the United States, despite decades of policy changes and implementation of DEI practices. This study discusses how veterinary medicine can benefit from an intersectional approach to diversity, equity, and inclusion. It discusses the need of intersectional data to better understand the disparities that exist within veterinary medicine to make a more significant impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monae Roberts
- UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, 944 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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58
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Waldeck D, Berman-Roberts E, Smyth C, Riva P, Adie J, Holliman AJ, Tyndall I. Unraveling Perceived Ostracism: The Role of Antagonistic Traits and Attachment Orientation. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39254276 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2024.2396837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Perceived ostracism (e.g., feeling ignored and excluded) can lead to psychological distress. There has been little empirical research into the types (profiles) of people more likely to perceive ostracism. The present study (N = 604) used latent class analysis (LCA) to (a) explore classes based on antagonistic traits (narcissism, machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism)while controlling for attachment orientation (attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) and (b) examine whether such classes could reliably differentiate levels of self-reported perceived ostracism. We extracted five classes: (a) Average Low, (b) the Non-Antagonisers, (c) Average High, (d) Spiteful Manipulators, and (e) the High Antagonisers. Those in the High Antagonisers class reported significantly higher levels of perceived ostracism compared to all other classes. No other differences between classes were observed. There were also significant positive relationships for avoidant and anxious attachment on perceived ostracism, respectively. This study provides new insight into the profiles of individuals who may be more likely to perceive ostracism. However, further research is needed to explore the association between personality and perceived ostracism. Researchers may consider measuring the potential outcomes following perceived ostracism for such groups and/or design potential interventions for those at risk of such experiences.
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Sabah A, Aljaberi MA, Hamouda S, Benamour D, Gadja K, Lai YC, Fang CY, Ali AM, Lin CY. Psychometric characteristics of the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire (NARQ): Arabic version. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17982. [PMID: 39282117 PMCID: PMC11397124 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Narcissists are characterized by confidence, fragility, a desire for social approval without showing interest in others, charm, self-assurance, arrogance, and aggression. This study assesses the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire (NARQ) among Algerian students (N = 714). Confirmatory factor and Rasch analyses were used. The NARQ consists of 18 items addressing six narcissism subscales under two main dimensions: rivalry and admiration. The results showed good saturation of the items on the six subscales and the three sub-scales on each of the two main dimensions, revealing a modest but positive correlation between rivalry and admiration. Moreover, the results of the Rasch model demonstrated that the scale aligns with the data, confirming the validity of the scale. This study offers valuable perspectives on assessing narcissism among Arabic populations and enhances our comprehension of the traits linked to narcissistic personalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiche Sabah
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef, Chlef, Algeria
| | - Musheer A Aljaberi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nursing Science, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Salima Hamouda
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of Mohamed kheider Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Djamila Benamour
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef, Chlef, Algeria
| | - Keltoum Gadja
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef, Chlef, Algeria
| | - Yu-Chen Lai
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Yin Fang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Amira Mohammed Ali
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lau C, Brauer K, Quilty L, Chiesi F, Saklofske D, Proyer RT. Revisiting the English Short Measure for Adult Playfulness (SMAP): An Investigation of Reliability, Validity, and Cross-Cultural Comparisons. J Pers Assess 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39255359 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2390004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Adult playfulness describes the personality of the quick initiation and strong intensity of enjoyable experiences coupled with the frequency of engaging in playful behaviors. In addition to examining the reliability and validity of the Short Measure for Adult Playfulness (SMAP), we compared the psychometric properties of the SMAP across (a) 4- and 7-point answer formats; (b) German and English language versions; and (c) gender. The SMAP and criterion validity measures were distributed across three independent samples from Canada (Ntotal = 1,177) and a German sample (N = 660). Results supported a unidimensional solution with strong factor loadings for all items (>.50 across all samples) and high test-retest reliability (r = .67, BF10>100). In item response theory analyses, high discrimination parameters were found across the latent continuum. Although both the four-point and seven-point Likert scale versions showed robust item properties, the seven-point Likert scale version yielded more precise measurement of higher playfulness (θ > 1.50). No significant differential item functioning was located across gender or language. Finally, results supported external construct validity via associations with broad personality traits, humor, and orientations to happiness. The present investigation provides support for the reliability and validity of the English SMAP for concise adult playfulness measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Lau
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kay Brauer
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Lena Quilty
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francesca Chiesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug, and Child's Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Psychology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Donald Saklofske
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - René T Proyer
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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Liu Y, Meng Y, Jia S, Liu J, Wang H. The promoting effect of the absence of second-party's punishment power on third-party punishment in maintaining social fairness norms: An EEG hyper-scanning study. Neuroimage 2024; 299:120848. [PMID: 39265957 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Third-party punishment (TPP) plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining social fairness. Punishment power is a significant area of study within economic games. However, the impact of whether or not the second-party possesses punishment power on TPP remains unexplored. The present study utilizes the high temporal resolution of EEG and time-frequency analysis, intra-barin functional connectivity analysis, inter-brain synchronization (IBS) analysis, and granger causality analysis(GCA) to comprehensively explore the neural mechanism of TPP from the perspective of third-party individual's decision-making and IBS in the real-time social interaction. Time-frequency results found that, the absence of the punishment power activated more theta-band and alpha-band power compare to when second-party has punishment power. When second-party has no punishment power, functional connection results observed stronger functional connectivity in theta band for medium unfair offers between rTPJ and PFC. Dual-brain analysis revealed that when the second-party has no punishment power, there is a significantly higher IBS in the alpha band between the frontal and frontal-central lobes of the second-party and the parietal and parietal occipital lobes of the third-party. GCA results further showed that the direction of IBS from third-party to second-party was significantly stronger than from second-party to third-party. This study demonstrates that the absence of the second-party's punishment power promote TPP, and similar cognitive process of thinking on how to maintain social fairness enhances IBS. The current study emphasizes the influence of punishment power on TPP, broadens the research perspective and contributes crucial insights into maintain social fairness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Liu
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai avenue, Caofeidian district, Tangshan, Hebei province, China
| | - Yujia Meng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, No.199 South Chang' an Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi province 710062, China
| | - Shuyu Jia
- Center for Computational Biology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, No 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jingyue Liu
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai avenue, Caofeidian district, Tangshan, Hebei province, China
| | - He Wang
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai avenue, Caofeidian district, Tangshan, Hebei province, China.
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Dijkstra-Eijkemans RI, Knap LJ, Elbers NA, Friele RD, Pemberton A. Patient perspectives on adverse event investigations in health care. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:1044. [PMID: 39256742 PMCID: PMC11385834 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last decade attention has grown to give patients and next of kin (P/N) more substantial roles in adverse event investigations. Adverse event investigations occur after adverse events that resulted in death or severe injury. Few studies have focused on patient perspectives on their involvement in such investigations. The present study sets out to investigate how P/N and patient representatives (client councils and the Patient Federation Netherlands) view the involvement of P/N in adverse event investigations, particularly whether and why they want to involved, and how they want to shape their involvement. METHODS The study features qualitative data on three levels: interviews with P/N (personal), focus groups with representatives of client councils (institutional), and an interview with the Patient Federation Netherlands (national). Researchers used inductive, thematic analysis and validated the results through data source triangulation. RESULTS The initiative taken by the hospitals in this study provided P/N with the space to feel heard and a position as legitimate stakeholder. P/N appreciated the opportunity to choose whether and how they wanted to be involved in the investigation as stakeholders. P/N emphasized the need for hospitals to learn from the investigations, but for them the investigation was also part of a more encompassing relationship. P/N's views showed the inextricable link between the first conversation with the health care professional and the investigation, and the ongoing care after the investigation was finalized. Hence, an adverse event investigation is part of a broader experience when understood from a patient perspective. CONCLUSIONS An adverse event investigation should be considered as part of an existing relationship between P/N and hospital that starts before the investigation and continues during follow up care. It is crucial for hospitals to take the initiative in the investigation and in the involvement of P/N. P/N motivations for involvement can be understood as driven by agency or communion. Agentic motivations include being an active participant by choice, while communion motivations include the need to be heard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda J Knap
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), PO Box 1568, Utrecht, 3500 BN, the Netherlands
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, Tilburg, 5000 LE, the Netherlands
| | - Nieke A Elbers
- Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement, PO Box 71304, Amsterdam, 1008 BH, the Netherlands
- VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Roland D Friele
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), PO Box 1568, Utrecht, 3500 BN, the Netherlands
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, Tilburg, 5000 LE, the Netherlands
| | - Antony Pemberton
- Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement, PO Box 71304, Amsterdam, 1008 BH, the Netherlands
- Leuven Institute of Criminology, KU Leuven, Herbert Hooverplein 9, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
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63
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Huang L, Yang F, Wu W. Adult attachment, social anxiety, and problematic social media use: A meta-analysis and meta-analytic structural equation model. Addict Behav 2024; 160:108163. [PMID: 39270613 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between adult attachment (anxious attachment and avoidant attachment) and problematic social media use is controversial and contradictory. Hence, the present study clarified the relationship between adult attachment dimensions and problematic social media use through meta-analysis. To better explain the relationship, this study also established meta-analytic structural equation modeling to examine the mediating role of social anxiety in the relationship. This study used CMA and R software for data analysis. Forty-five effect sizes were included in the study, including 11,746 individuals. Results showed that anxious attachment was strongly correlated with problematic social media use (r = 0.319, 95 %CI[0.271, 0.366]), whereas avoidant attachment was weakly correlated with problematic social media use (r = 0.091, 95 %CI[0.011,0.170]). Moderating effects showed that the relationship between anxious attachment and problematic social media use was moderated by the measurement instrument. Meta-analytic structural equation modeling showed that anxious attachment had a significant positive effect on PSMU through social anxiety, anxious attachment had a significant positive effect on PSMU through social anxiety. This study clarifies inconsistencies in the existing literature through meta-analysis, providing reliable conclusions and novel perspectives. It assists clinical practitioners in developing tailored treatment programs for practical interventions. It is suggested that treatment for problematic social media use requires attention to individuals with insecure adult attachment and social anxiety. For individuals with high anxious attachment and social anxiety, it is essential to help them manage their social media use effectively and reduce their dependence on it. Concurrently, interventions for attachment avoidant individuals should focus on enhancing their social self-confidence to reduce the influence of social anxiety on their social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangrong Huang
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenfeng Wu
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
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Kehoe LA, Sohn MB, Wang L, Mohile S, Kamen C, Van Orden K, Wells M, Gilmore N, Arana-Chicas E, Gudina A, Yilmez S, Griggs L, Loh KP. Associations of quality of social support and accurate beliefs about curability among older adults with advanced cancer. J Geriatr Oncol 2024; 15:102061. [PMID: 39260086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2024.102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Supporting older adults with advanced cancer to better understand their disease and its prognosis is important for shared decision-making. Social support is a potentially modifiable factor that may influence disease understanding. In this study, we examined the associations of quantity and quality of social support with patients' beliefs about the curability of their advanced cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a secondary analysis of a cluster-randomized trial that recruited older adults aged ≥70 with advanced incurable cancer. At enrollment, patients completed the Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) Medical Social Support form that measures both quantity (number of close friends and relatives) and quality of social support. Quality of social support was measured using 12 questions in instrumental and emotional support, each ranging from 1 (none of the time) to 5 (all of the time). Higher cumulative scores indicated greater quality of support. For beliefs about curability, patients were asked, "What do you believe are the chances that your cancer will go away and never come back with treatment?" Responses were 0 %, <50 %, 50/50, >50 %, and 100 %. Ordinal logistic regression was used to investigate the association of quantity and quality of social support with beliefs about curability, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS We included 347 patients; mean age was 76.4 years and 91 % were white. Quantity of social support was not associated with belief in curability [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.03, 95 % confidence interval (CI) (0.92, 1.16)]. For every unit increase in the quality of social support (OARS Medical Social Support score), the odds of believing in curability decreased by 26.7 % [AOR 0.73, 95 % CI (0.56, 0.97)]. DISCUSSION Our study demonstrated that the quality, but not the quantity, of social support was associated with patients' beliefs about curability. These findings suggest that bolstering social support may directly enhance disease understanding. This insight informs supportive care interventions that specifically address disease comprehension among patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee A Kehoe
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Roybal Center for Social Ties and Aging, Aging Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Michael B Sohn
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Supriya Mohile
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Charles Kamen
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Kim Van Orden
- Roybal Center for Social Ties and Aging, Aging Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Megan Wells
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Nikesha Gilmore
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Evelyn Arana-Chicas
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America.
| | - Abdi Gudina
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Sule Yilmez
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Lorraine Griggs
- Stakeholders for Care in Oncology and Research for our Elders, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| | - Kah Poh Loh
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
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Tommasi F, Tommasi P, Panato M, Cordioli D, Sartori R. Preventing Trauma and Grief in Emergency and Critical Care Units: A Mixed Methods Study on a Psycho-Educational Defusing Intervention. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1800. [PMID: 39273824 PMCID: PMC11394924 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12171800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Emergency and critical care services inevitably expose their staff to potential work stressors and traumatic events, which can cause emotional, behavioral, and physical reactions. The literature presents a wide range of evidence-based knowledge on the effectiveness of interventions to promote mental health after traumatic events. However, little is known about the effectiveness of prevention programs. In this study, we sought to improve the empirical understanding of the potential of a combination of psycho-educational-defusing training for trauma prevention. We employed a mixed methods approach using statistical modeling and content/focus group analysis to describe the sample of investigation and the effectiveness of the prevention training. A retrospective quantitative chart measured and evaluated the psychological state of physicians, nurses, and registered nurses (N = 222). A retrospective qualitative chart examined staff accounts of traumas and their coping strategies via autobiographies (n = 26). Prospective focus groups examined participants of the psycho-educational defusing intervention administered (n = 61). Findings revealed different forms of experiencing grief and trauma. Prospective analysis of the training effectiveness revealed favorable perceptions by participants. Results support the formal implementation of continuous prevention, building relational support, and coping strategies as keys to recovery and preventing traumas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tommasi
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Riccardo Sartori
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
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Provenzi L, Ovalles Gomez MA, Frassone S, Pilo C, Angiolini E, Barello S. Climate Change Challenge Faced by Italian Children: A Nationwide Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1797. [PMID: 39273821 PMCID: PMC11395518 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12171797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change threatens environmental stability and human health, with limited research on younger children's perceptions. This study examines Italian primary school children's views on climate change to guide educational and policy strategies. Surveying 973 children (5-11 years) from different regions, findings showed high awareness (93%) and concern (63%) about climate change. Regional differences indicated greater concern in the south. Gender disparities revealed females were more concerned and experienced more sleep difficulties. Younger children had stronger emotional responses, while older ones showed increased pro-environmental behaviors. Despite moderate self-confidence in effecting change, a strong sense of responsibility and trust in adults was prevalent. These results highlight the need for early, continuous climate education tailored to regional, age, and gender-specific needs. Addressing children's views on climate change can help educators and policymakers foster resilience and proactive attitudes, supporting the development of informed and engaged future stewards of the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livio Provenzi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Developmental Psychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino, 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Michelle A Ovalles Gomez
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Pilo
- Triplepact SRL, Via Pier Paolo Pasolini, 4, 20251 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Angiolini
- Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Neuchâtel, Espace Tilo-Frey 1, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Serena Barello
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Behavioral Health Psychology Laboratory, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 11, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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67
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Zhu X, Li C. Information Support or Emotional Support? Social Support in Online Health Information Seeking among Chinese Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1790. [PMID: 39273813 PMCID: PMC11395669 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12171790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Online Health Information Seeking (OHIS) serves as an alternative form of social capital that can help older adults alleviate offline medical-related stress. This study collected and analyzed user interaction data from Patient-to-Doctor and Patient-to-Peer platforms and compared the roles of social support between them. Significant differences were identified in the dimensions of social support (information, emotional, and companion) on the Patient-to-Peer platforms compared with Patient-to-Doctor platforms (p < 0.05). The overall and core-core network density values for social support on Patient-to-Peer platforms were higher than those on Patient-to-Doctor platforms. Patient-to-Doctor interactions focused on information support, displaying a more centralized and efficient network with structural holes pertaining to treatment effects. By contrast, Patient-to-Peer interactions provided more emotional support, with a dispersed and redundant network containing structural holes related to individual information. Companion support was found to be weaker on both platforms. Additionally, digital literacy, surrogate seeking, and altruistic information significantly explained the variances between the two platforms (p < 0.01), with surrogate seeking playing a crucial role. These findings enhance our understanding of OHIS disparities among older adults and their surrogates, offering valuable insights for developing effective support systems and regulatory frameworks for health information platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Zhu
- School of Education, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Chang Li
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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Wei J, Lu Y, Li YN. Time in hand: Temporal focus in risk discourse and audience emotions on knowledge-sharing platforms. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2024. [PMID: 39244379 DOI: 10.1111/risa.17647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Online knowledge-sharing platforms construct risk knowledge and provide the audience with risk-related scientific facts. We study how speakers organize narratives in past, present, and future foci to influence the audience's emotions through the audience's appraisal of motive congruency and coping potential. Empirical evidence from 210 Technology, Entertainment, Design talks about disasters from 2002 to 2018 demonstrates that emphasizing the past, present, and future in risk narrative leads to the audience's comments with more negative, less positive, and more positive emotions, respectively. Concrete (vs. abstract) portrayal of the risk narrative improves the audience's situational awareness, enhances their risk appraisal, and intensifies the impact of temporal focus on emotions, providing evidence of how temporal focus impacts. These findings demonstrate that temporal focus can effectively reduce risk overreaction or ignorance and facilitate emotion regulation in risk communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuchang Wei
- School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Lu
- School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Na Li
- School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
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69
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Hamama-Raz Y. Military-bereaved siblings' growth and distress - Interplays between interpersonal factors and commemoration. DEATH STUDIES 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39243277 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2024.2400355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Sibling bereavement due to military casualties can produce psychological distress but can also elicit personal growth. This research explored the association between psychological distress and post-traumatic growth (PTG) among military-bereaved siblings via a moderated mediation model. Israeli military-bereaved siblings were recruited through a nonprofit organization devoted to bereaved siblings of military casualties. Participants (N = 155) completed questionnaires of posttraumatic growth, distress, commemoration, social support. Results supported the moderated mediation study model. Specifically, higher psychological distress was associated with lower social support, which was subsequently associated with lower self-disclosure, for the entire sample. This association was strongest for bereaved siblings with high relief-related commemoration, which was then associated with lower PTG. Pursuant to our findings, mental health professionals need to guide bereaved siblings toward involvement in commemoration activities that bring them relief, thus further enabling social support that facilitates personal disclosure and, subsequently, PTG.
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70
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Lawson KM, Hemmati A, Rezaei F, Rahmani K, Komasi S, Hopwood CJ. The structure of pathological personality traits and temperament in a Persian community sample. Personal Ment Health 2024. [PMID: 39238448 DOI: 10.1002/pmh.1634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
The present study examined the extent to which the currently established factor structure of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5; Krueger et al., 2013) generalizes to a large Persian community sample, as well as relations between the resulting PID-5 factors and two temperament measures. Cross-sectional data came from 946 adults (65% female) from western Iran. With the use of exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) with target rotation, we found factor loadings that showed fairly similar patterns to those found in two previous meta-analytic PID-5 studies with predominantly North American and European samples (Watters & Bagby, 2018; Somma et al., 2019). Despite slight differences in each of the target rotations, there were moderate congruence coefficients (~0.85) between loadings for the five PID-5 domains, with the weakest evidence supporting the Disinhibition factor. The resulting PID-5 factors showed meaningful associations with temperament domains assessed via the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI; Cloninger, 1994) and Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A; Akiskal et al., 2005). Overall, our findings suggest that the documented structure of personality pathology assessed by the PID-5 generalizes somewhat to this sample of Persian participants, and pathological personality traits show important overlap with temperament, although these constructs are meaningfully distinct.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azad Hemmati
- Department of Psychology, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Farzin Rezaei
- Neurosciences Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khaled Rahmani
- Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Saeid Komasi
- Student Research Committee & Neurosciences Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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71
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Pomngen I, Sirisatayawong P, Kumsaiyai W, Kaunnil A, Srikhamjak T. Relationships between sensory processing patterns and metabolic risk factors among community dwelling people with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional and correlational research design. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308421. [PMID: 39241047 PMCID: PMC11379226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of other serious health problems, particularly cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Sensory processing patterns (SPPs) are internal factors shaping behaviors and emotions, both healthy and unhealthy. There is a lack of studies directly examining the relationship between the SPPs and metabolic risk factors. METHOD This study aimed to investigate SPPs and their association with metabolic risk factors in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). One hundred and seventeen individuals with MetS completed questionnaires on demographic characteristics and the Thai Sensory Patterns Assessment-adult version. Data on metabolic risk factors, including fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and waist circumference, were collected. RESULTS The findings revealed high arousal levels in proprioceptive and auditory senses among the participants. The fasting blood glucose was significantly correlated with a preference in the tactile sense (r = -0.150, P<0.05), while waist circumference was associated with arousal level in the auditory and smell-taste senses (r = 0.140, -0.160, P<0.05). Moreover, the GLMM revealed that fasting blood glucose was associated with preferences in tactile, vestibular, and proprioceptive senses (r = -0.481, 0.726, -0.386, P<0.05). Furthermore, diastolic blood pressure was associated with preferences in vestibular sense (r = 0.099; P<0.05). CONCLUSION The SPPs might be related to metabolic risk factors, so it is important to recognize how individual SPPs relate to metabolic risk factors. However, further studies using a larger sample may be needed to deeply explore the mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilada Pomngen
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pornpen Sirisatayawong
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Warunee Kumsaiyai
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anuchart Kaunnil
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Tiam Srikhamjak
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Lamarche VM, Blackie LER, McLean KC. The story of 'us' is the story of 'me': A cross-sectional test of the influence of insecure attachment on narratives of romantic transgressions and high points. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306838. [PMID: 39240861 PMCID: PMC11379231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Narratives play an important role in the development of the self-identity. Romantic relationships offer a powerful context in which to develop these narratives about the self through the good and the bad experiences people have with their partners. However, the stories we tell can also be colored by how we already see ourselves. In a secondary analysis, using a prospective longitudinal study of people in established romantic relationships (N = 402), we tested pre-registered hypotheses regarding how attachment anxiety and avoidance lead people to develop narratives about their relationship high-points and transgressions, and whether these narratives influence their relationship satisfaction over time. Relatively higher avoidance, but not anxiety, was related to narrative construction. Those relatively higher in avoidance made more negative event connections about themselves in their transgression narratives, and more positive event connections about themselves in their relationship high-point narratives. Narrative content, however, did not mediate the association between attachment anxiety and avoidance and relationship satisfaction. Despite the lack of support for some of our pre-registered hypotheses, these findings provide valuable insights into how insecure attachment influences the stories people tell about their relationships, and how they link these events back to the self.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura E R Blackie
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kate C McLean
- Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, United Kingdom
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73
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Wu H, Meng G, Wang L, Xiao J, Hu K, Li Q. Understanding the relationships among adolescents' internet dependence, reward, cognitive control processing, and learning burnout: a network perspective in China. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:599. [PMID: 39238001 PMCID: PMC11376062 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06025-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the reward and cognitive control systems are commonly observed among adolescents with internet dependence (ID), and this impairment is often accompanied by social dysfunctions, such as academic burnout. However, the intercorrelations among ID, reward, cognitive control processing, and learning burnout remain unclear. We recruited 1074 Chinese adolescents to investigate the complex interrelationships among these variables using network analysis. The resulting network revealed patterns that connected ID to the behavioral inhibition/activation system (BIS/BAS), self-control, and learning burnout; these results exhibited reasonable stability and test-retest consistency. Throughout the network, the node of BAS-drive was the critical influencing factor, and the node of self-control was the protection factor. In addition, several symptoms of learning burnout and ID were positively associated with sensitivity to punishment. As revealed by the network comparison test, the network constructed among internet dependent (ID) group differed from the network constructed among internet nondependent (IND) group not only in the edges between BIS and learning burnout but also in terms of the edges associated with learning burnout. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the complex mechanisms underlying ID among adolescents from the perspective of the network relationships between core influencing factors and negative consequences. It validates the dual-system model of risky behavior among adolescents and offers a foundation for early warning and interventions for ID in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Guangteng Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Kesong Hu
- Department of Psychology, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - Qi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Baumeister RF, André N, Southwick DA, Tice DM. Self-control and limited willpower: Current status of ego depletion theory and research. Curr Opin Psychol 2024; 60:101882. [PMID: 39278166 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Ego depletion theory proposes that self-regulation depends on a limited energy resource (willpower). The simple initial theory has been refined to emphasize conservation rather than resource exhaustion, extended to encompass decision making, planning, and initiative, and linked to physical bodily energy (glucose). Recent challenges offered alternative explanations (which have largely failed) and questioned replicability (which has now been well established). Methods have improved, particularly with emphasis on longer, stronger manipulations to ensure fatigue. New work extends ego depletion into workplace settings and sports. Interpersonal conflict may be both a major cause and consequence. New questions include the possibility of chronic ego depletion (e.g., in burnout), protective factors and coping strategies, individual differences, and recovery processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy F Baumeister
- Constructor University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany; Harvard University, Psychology Dept., 33 Kirkland St., Cambridge, MA, 02138 USA.
| | - Nathalie André
- University of Poitiers, CeRCA - Bâtiment A5, 5, rue T. Lefebvre, TSA 21103, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Dianne M Tice
- Brigham Young University, Dept. of Psychology, Provo, UT, 84602 USA
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Wiglesworth A, White E, Bendezu JJ, Roediger DJ, Weiss H, Luciana M, Fiecas MB, Cullen KR, Klimes-Dougan B. A multi-level examination of impulsivity and links to suicide ideation among Native American youth. J Affect Disord 2024:S0165-0327(24)01459-9. [PMID: 39243820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite preliminary evidence that links impulsivity to suicide risk among Native American youth, impulsivity has not been directly studied in relation to suicide ideation (SI) or behaviors in this population. We examined indexes of rapid-response impulsivity (RRI) across multiple levels of analysis (self-report, behavioral, neurobiological) and associations with SI among Native American youth ages 9-10 in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. METHODS Data from the sample (n = 284) included self-report (UPPS-P), behavioral (Stop Signal Task), and neurobiological (right inferior frontal gyrus activation) indicators of RRI. RRI indicators were modeled using variable-centered (i.e., traditional multivariable regression) and person-centered (i.e., clustering analyses) approaches in measuring their association with SI. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher negative urgency was associated with higher odds of SI (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.23, p = 0.015). Latent profile analysis clustered youth into five profiles based on within-individual variation in RRI indicators. Youth with an elevated self-reported negative and positive urgency profile were at higher odds of reporting SI than "normative" youth (AOR = 2.38, p = 0.019). LIMITATIONS Limitations of this study include the modest sample size particularly regarding SI (14.1 %), potential bias in estimates of lifetime SI, and generalizability to youth from specific Native American communities. CONCLUSIONS Negative urgency may increase risk for SI among Native American youth in late childhood. Clinical implications, including the potential for person-centered RRI profiles to act as candidate markers of suicide risk and resilience in adolescence and inform safety assessments and planning, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Wiglesworth
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology, United States of America.
| | - Evan White
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, United States of America; University of Tulsa, Oxley College of Health and Natural Sciences, United States of America
| | - Jason José Bendezu
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Psychology, United States of America
| | - Donovan J Roediger
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States of America
| | - Hannah Weiss
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology, United States of America
| | - Monica Luciana
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology, United States of America
| | - Mark B Fiecas
- University of Minnesota, Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, United States of America
| | - Kathryn R Cullen
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States of America
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76
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Li WD, Zhang X, Yu K, Zhu Y, Du N, Song Z, Fan Q. A genome-wide association study of occupational creativity and its relations with well-being and career success. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1092. [PMID: 39237691 PMCID: PMC11377709 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Creativity is one defining characteristic of human species. There have been mixed findings on how creativity relates to well-being, and little is known about its relationship with career success. We conduct a large-scale genome-wide association study to examine the genetic architecture of occupational creativity, and its genetic correlations with well-being and career success. The SNP-h2 estimates range from 0.08 (for managerial creativity) to 0.22 (for artistic creativity). We record positive genetic correlations between occupational creativity with autism, and positive traits and well-being variables (e.g., physical height, and low levels of neuroticism, BMI, and non-cancer illness). While creativity share positive genetic overlaps with indicators of high career success (i.e., income, occupational status, and job satisfaction), it also has a positive genetic correlation with age at first birth and a negative genetic correlation with number of children, indicating creativity-related genes may reduce reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Management, CUHK Business School, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Human Resource Management, School of Business, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kaili Yu
- Department of Management, CUHK Business School, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yimo Zhu
- Department of Management and Organization, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nianyao Du
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhaoli Song
- Department of Management and Organization, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Qiao Fan
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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77
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Shields RK, Chevan J, Kennedy K, Bailey C, Dudley-Javoroski S. National Benchmarks to Understand How Doctor of Physical Therapy Learners From Minoritized Race and Ethnicity Groups Perceive Their Physical Therapist Education Program. Phys Ther 2024; 104:pzae047. [PMID: 38519116 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The demographic homogeneity of the physical therapist workforce and its educational pathway may undermine the profession's potential to improve the health of society. Building academic environments that support the development of all learners is fundamental to building a workforce to meet societal health care needs. The Benchmarking in Physical Therapy Education study uses the Physical Therapy Graduation Questionnaire to comprehensively assess learner perceptions of the physical therapist academic environment. The present report examined whether racial and ethnic minoritized (REM) physical therapist learners perceive their doctor of physical therapy education differently from their non-REM peers. METHODS Five thousand and eighty graduating doctor of physical therapy learners in 89 institutions provided demographic data and perceptions of a range of learning environment domains. Analyses included REM versus non-REM comparisons as well as comparisons among individual race and ethnicity groups. RESULTS Compared with their non-minoritized peers, REM respondents expressed less satisfaction with their education and lower confidence in their preparedness for entry-level practice. REM respondents observed more faculty professionalism disconnects and demonstrated less agreement that their program had fostered their overall psychological well-being. REM respondents experienced higher rates of mistreatment than their peers and reported higher rates of exhaustion and disengagement, the 2 axes of academic burnout. Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino/a/x (Hispanic, Latino, Latina, and/or Latinx) respondents incurred significantly more educational debt than Asian and White respondents. REM respondents reported greater empathy and greater interest in working in underserved communities. CONCLUSION REM respondents perceived the physical therapist learning environment more negatively than their non-minoritized peers but expressed strong interest in serving people from underserved communities. These national benchmarks offer academic institutions the opportunity to self-assess their own environment and to work to improve the quality of the educational experience for all learners. IMPACT In a nationwide benchmarking study, learners from minoritized race and ethnicity backgrounds reported more negative experiences and outcomes during physical therapist education than their non-minoritized peers. These same learners demonstrated high empathy and interest in serving people from underserved (under-resourced) communities. Learning environments that permit all individuals to thrive may be an essential avenue to improve the health of a rapidly diversifying society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard K Shields
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Julia Chevan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kai Kennedy
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Charlotte Bailey
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Shauna Dudley-Javoroski
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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78
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Espinosa R, Borau S, Treich N. Impact of NGOs' undercover videos on citizens' emotions and pro-social behaviors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20584. [PMID: 39232015 PMCID: PMC11374992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Undercover videos have become a popular tool among NGOs to influence public opinion and generate engagement for the NGO's cause. These videos are seen as a powerful and cost-effective way of bringing about social change, as they provide first-hand evidence and generate a strong emotional response among those who see them. In this paper, we empirically assess the impact of undercover videos on support for the cause. We in addition analyze whether the increased engagement among viewers is driven by the negative emotional reactions produced by the video. To do so, we design an online experiment that enables us to estimate both the total and emotion-mediated treatment effects on engagement by randomly exposing participants to an undercover video (of animal abuse) and randomly introducing a cooling-off period. Using a representative sample of the French population (N=3,310), we find that the video successfully increases actions in favor of animals (i.e., donations to NGOs and petitions), but we fail to prove that this effect is due to the presence of primary emotions induced by the video. Last, we investigate whether activists correctly anticipate their undercover videos' (emotional) impact via a prediction study involving activists (exploratory analysis). PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: This manuscript is a Stage-2 working paper of a Registered Report that received In-Principle-Acceptance from Scientific Reports on November 20th, 2023 [ Link to Stage-1 ]. The Stage-1 that received In-Principal-Acceptance can be found here: https://osf.io/8cg2d .
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolas Treich
- University of Toulouse Capitole, Toulouse School of Economics, INRAE, IAST, Toulouse, France
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79
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Parsons A, Jones SCT, Teves JB, Petty KH, Christensen A. The importance of highlighting culturally relevant factors in the DEEP analysis when using IBCT with African American couples. JOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY 2024. [PMID: 39233366 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) posits that couple distress can, in part, be attributed to four factors labeled with the acronym DEEP: natural Uifferences between partners in their perspectives, beliefs, interests, and personalities, partner's Emotional sensitivities related to these differences, the External, contextual stressors that often exacerbate their differences and sensitivities, and the resultant Patterns of distressed interaction. Although an extensive assessment process captures these four components and thus tailors targets for intervention based on the unique characteristics of each couple, it does not explicitly consider the uniqueness of African American couples. Given the historical and contemporary realities that African American couples face (e.g., anti-Black racism), the purpose of this article is to help clinicians use IBCT with African American couples in a culturally responsive way. We begin this article by highlighting the unique needs of African American couples. We then provide a broad overview of the benefits of adopting a multicultural lens of awareness, knowledge, and skills in clinical work, present an atheoretical overview of IBCT, and offer specific recommendations to attend to the unique cultural experiences of African American couples. Finally, we present a case study to exemplify our suggestions and highlight implications of using IBCT with African American couples in a culturally responsible way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shawn C T Jones
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jenna B Teves
- Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Karen H Petty
- Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Andrew Christensen
- Department of Psychology, Univerity of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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80
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Finkel E, Sah E, Spaulding M, Herrington JD, Tomczuk L, Masino A, Pang X, Bhattacharya A, Hedley D, Kushleyeva Y, Thomson P, Doppelt N, Tan J, Pennington J, Dissanayake C, Bonafide CP, Nuske HJ. Physiological and communicative emotional disconcordance in children on the autism spectrum. J Neurodev Disord 2024; 16:51. [PMID: 39232680 PMCID: PMC11373183 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-024-09567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals on the autism spectrum commonly have differences from non-autistic people in expressing their emotions using communicative behaviors, such as facial expressions. However, it is not yet clear if this reduced expressivity stems from reduced physiological reactivity in emotional contexts or if individuals react internally, but do not show these reactions externally to others. We hypothesized that autism is characterized by a discordance between in-the-moment internal psychophysiological arousal and external communicative expressions of emotion. METHODS Forty-one children on the autism spectrum and 39 non-autistic, typically developing (TD) children of two age groups (2-4 and 8-12 years) participated in a low-level stress task whilst wearing a wireless electrocardiogram. Children's negative emotional expressions (facial, vocal, bodily) were coded following standardized protocols. Alexithymia traits were assessed using the Children's Alexithymia Measure with school-aged children only. Data analyses involved ANOVAs, correlations, and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS There were no group differences in physiological arousal (heart rate) or in communicative expressions of stress to the stress task. For TD preschoolers, physiological arousal during the stress task was associated with vocal expressions and for TD school-aged children, they were associated with facial and bodily expressions. By contrast, for children on the autism spectrum, physiological arousal during the stress tasks was not associated with communicative expressions across age groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that children on the autism spectrum might experience emotional disconcordance, in that their physiological arousal does not align with their communicative expressions. Therefore, the internally experienced stress of children on the autism spectrum may be inadvertently missed by teachers and caregivers and, consequently, learning opportunities for teaching emotional communication and regulation may be also missed. Our results support the use of wearable biosensors to facilitate such interventions in children on the autism spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Finkel
- Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eric Sah
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - McKenna Spaulding
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John D Herrington
- Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Liza Tomczuk
- Penn Center for Mental Health, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA
| | - Aaron Masino
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xueqin Pang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anushua Bhattacharya
- Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Darren Hedley
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yelena Kushleyeva
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Natalie Doppelt
- Penn Center for Mental Health, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA
| | - Jessica Tan
- Penn Center for Mental Health, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA
| | - Jeffrey Pennington
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cheryl Dissanayake
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher P Bonafide
- Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Heather J Nuske
- Penn Center for Mental Health, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.
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81
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Tillack A, Merle R, Müller KE, Hoedemaker M, Jensen KC, Oehm AW, Klawitter M, Stock A. Farm-Level Risk Factors for Lameness in 659 German Dairy Herds Kept in Loose Housing Systems. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2578. [PMID: 39272363 PMCID: PMC11394584 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Six hundred fifty-nine farms in three regions of Germany (North: n = 240, East: n = 247, and South: n = 172) were included in the study, which aims at determining the association of management-related risk factors with farm-level lameness in German dairy herds. For each risk factor, a generalised linear regression model with negative binomial distribution and logit link was built. Results showed that cows housed in deep-bedded cubicles had a lower risk of being lame than cows housed in other cubicle types. A larger cubicle width was associated with a lower risk of being lame. Feeding a total mixed ration was associated with lower lameness prevalence (compared to feeding a partial mixed ration or single components). For first lactation cows, lameness assessment performed daily (compared to less than daily) and during other work tasks (compared to lameness assessment as a separate work task) were associated with lower risk for lameness. Finally, the present study provided evidence for crucial associations of management-related risk factors with lameness in German dairy cows, especially in the fields of cubicle design, feeding management, and lameness assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tillack
- Farm Animal Clinic, Division for Ruminants and Camelids, Unit for Internal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roswitha Merle
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin-Elisabeth Müller
- Farm Animal Clinic, Division for Ruminants and Camelids, Unit for Internal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Hoedemaker
- Clinic for Cattle, Clinical Centre for Farm Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Charlotte Jensen
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas W Oehm
- Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 85764 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Annegret Stock
- Farm Animal Clinic, Division for Ruminants and Camelids, Unit for Internal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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82
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Phipps DJ, Nott NJ, Hamilton K. An integrated dual process model in predicting e-cigarette use in undergraduate students. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 39233379 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The use of e-cigarette or vape devices is a growing concern on an international scale, given the devices' addictive nature and questions regarding their short- and long-term health impacts. Their use is especially an issue in young people, many of whom have little or no previous nicotine use experience. This study tested an integrated dual process model in 363 young Australian undergraduates where prospectively measured e-cigarette use was predicted by the psychological constructs of the theory of planned behavior, supplemented with risk perception, e-cigarette dependence, habit, and implicit attitude. Intention to use an e-cigarette was predicted by affective attitude, subjective norm, and e-cigarette dependance, but not instrumental attitude, perceived behavioral control, or risk perception. E-cigarette use was predicted by e-cigarette dependance, intention, habit, implicit attitude, and previous nicotine use, although perceived behavioral control did not directly predict behavior nor moderate the intention-behavior relationship. Current findings provide evidence for important psychological predictors of e-cigarette use, signposting potential intervention targets. Specifically, interventions may benefit from using strategies that tap affective or normative beliefs alongside automatic constructs and dependence, while focusing less on beliefs about the health impacts of e-cigarettes or control over using.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Phipps
- Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Natasha J Nott
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kyra Hamilton
- Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, USA
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83
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Del Vecchio M, Avanzini P, Gerbella M, Costa S, Zauli FM, d'Orio P, Focacci E, Sartori I, Caruana F. Anatomo-functional basis of emotional and motor resonance elicited by facial expressions. Brain 2024; 147:3018-3031. [PMID: 38365267 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Simulation theories predict that the observation of other's expressions modulates neural activity in the same centres controlling their production. This hypothesis has been developed by two models, postulating that the visual input is directly projected either to the motor system for action recognition (motor resonance) or to emotional/interoceptive regions for emotional contagion and social synchronization (emotional resonance). Here we investigated the role of frontal/insular regions in the processing of observed emotional expressions by combining intracranial recording, electrical stimulation and effective connectivity. First, we intracranially recorded from prefrontal, premotor or anterior insular regions of 44 patients during the passive observation of emotional expressions, finding widespread modulations in prefrontal/insular regions (anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, orbitofrontal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus) and motor territories (Rolandic operculum and inferior frontal junction). Subsequently, we electrically stimulated the activated sites, finding that (i) in the anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula, the stimulation elicited emotional/interoceptive responses, as predicted by the 'emotional resonance model'; (ii) in the Rolandic operculum it evoked face/mouth sensorimotor responses, in line with the 'motor resonance' model; and (iii) all other regions were unresponsive or revealed functions unrelated to the processing of facial expressions. Finally, we traced the effective connectivity to sketch a network-level description of these regions, finding that the anterior cingulate cortex and the anterior insula are reciprocally interconnected while the Rolandic operculum is part of the parieto-frontal circuits and poorly connected with the former. These results support the hypothesis that the pathways hypothesized by the 'emotional resonance' and the 'motor resonance' models work in parallel, differing in terms of spatio-temporal fingerprints, reactivity to electrical stimulation and connectivity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Vecchio
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Pietro Avanzini
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Marzio Gerbella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Sara Costa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Flavia Maria Zauli
- 'Claudio Munari' Epilepsy Surgery Center, ASST GOM Niguarda, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio d'Orio
- 'Claudio Munari' Epilepsy Surgery Center, ASST GOM Niguarda, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Focacci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Ivana Sartori
- 'Claudio Munari' Epilepsy Surgery Center, ASST GOM Niguarda, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Fausto Caruana
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 43125 Parma, Italy
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Yuan RM, Peng WY, Jiang J. Relationship Between Growth Mindset and Self-Control Amongst Chinese Primary School Students: A Longitudinal Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:3101-3109. [PMID: 39247071 PMCID: PMC11380487 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s468490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Growth mindset and self-control, both recognized as pivotal qualities with significant impacts on personal success, possess respective robust predictive power for academic achievement and broader life outcomes. However, the bidirectional relationship between them remains largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate whether growth mindset, conceptualized as the belief that abilities can be developed through effort and support, prospectively predicts the development of self-control over time. Additionally, it endeavors to explore whether self-control, a crucial positive psychological trait, exerts an influence on the fostering of growth mindset. In summary, our research focuses on elucidating the bidirectional relationship between growth mindset and self-control among Chinese primary school students. Participants and Methods The current research recruited a sample of 428 primary school students, aged 9-12, from China (214 females, mean age = 9.64 ± 1.21) to participate in a longitudinal study. Participants underwent two follow-up assessments of growth mindset and self-control over a six-month period. Results The correlation analysis revealed significant associations between growth mindset at T1 and self-control at T2, as well as between self-control at T1 and growth mindset at T2(r = 0.23 to 0.25, ps < 0.01). Cross-lagged analysis found that growth mindset at T1 positively predicted self-control at T2 (β = 0.11, p = 0.04), while self-control at T1 did not significantly predict growth mindset at T2. Conclusion The results suggest that growth mindset exerts a direct impact on self-control among primary school students. This finding extends the scope of research concerning growth mindset and provides important theoretical inspiration and practical guidance for educators, parents and counselling professionals in assisting students to enhance self-control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Man Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Mental Health Center, Beijing Youth Politics College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ya Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Chadwick-Brown F, Endendijk JJ. Associations Between Sexualized Media Consumption, Sexual Double Standards, and Sexual Coercion Perpetration and Victimization in Late Adolescent Sexually Active Boys and Girls from The Netherlands. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024:10.1007/s10508-024-02988-1. [PMID: 39227498 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-024-02988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
This study examined associations between sexualized media consumption, sexual double standard (SDS) norms, and sexual coercion perpetration and victimization in late adolescence and whether these associations were moderated by gender. Participants were sexually active Dutch secondary school students aged 16-20 years (N = 255, 58.4% girls). Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire at a single time-point. Overall, more sexualized media consumption was associated with higher odds of both sexual coercion perpetration and victimization. These associations did not differ by gender. Specifically, viewing online pornography and sexually oriented reality television more frequently were associated with higher odds of sexual coercion perpetration, whereas viewing others' sexy social media posts more frequently was associated with higher odds of sexual coercion victimization. Finally, stronger endorsement of SDS norms was associated with lower odds of sexual coercion perpetration in girls, but with comparatively higher odds of sexual coercion perpetration in boys. Results indicate that consuming sexualized media and societal sexual double standards is associated with an increased risk of sexual coercion experiences in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye Chadwick-Brown
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce J Endendijk
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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86
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Moroń M, Niedbała D, Matychniak N, Stabla P, Broda T. Religious scrupulosity and early maladaptive schemas: a network analysis. Cogn Behav Ther 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39225192 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2024.2395827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Scrupulosity is treated as a particular presentation of the symptomatology characteristic for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, typical treatment of OCD (e.g. cognitive-behavioral therapy) is less effective in the case of religious scruples. Recently, schema therapy has appeared as an alternative effective treatment in obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. The present study investigated the associations between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and scrupulosity in a non-clinical sample of 376 poles. The participants assessed their EMSs with the Young Schema Questionnaire 3 - Short Form and their scrupulosity with the Pennsylvania Inventory of Scrupulosity. We used network analysis to control for the EMS interconnectivity. We showed that accounting for the interactions within the EMSs, three schemas, namely, Punitiveness, Subjugation, and Enmeshment/Undeveloped Self, were positively correlated with scrupulosity. Given the central position of the Negativity/Pessimism schema in the examined network, we suggested that activation of this schema could be indirectly correlated to scruples via an escalation of activation to the Punitiveness, Subjugation, and Enmeshment schemas. The findings suggest that dependency and fear of rejection problems (present in Subjugation and Enmeshment EMSs) and over-compensation by perfectionism (present in Punitiveness EMS) could be addressed in the treatment of scruples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Moroń
- Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Grażyńskiego 53, Katowice 43-126, Poland
| | - Dariusz Niedbała
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Natalia Matychniak
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Paulina Stabla
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Broda
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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87
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Liu C, Wang X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Lin R, Wu Y, Wang D. The impact of family climate on problematic internet use: Findings from one nationwide study in China. J Affect Disord 2024; 367:350-358. [PMID: 39236882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the growing attention paid to problematic internet use (PIU), this study aims to i) explore the prevalence of PIU based on a nationally representative sample and ii) propose and validate the theoretical model that correlates family climate with PIU. METHODS One national cross-sectional study was conducted with probability sampling and stratified sampling. Overall, 21,854 sample were included and analyzed. Validated measures of family climate, loneliness, and PIU was distributed and collected from June 2022 to August 2022. RESULTS The overall prevalence of PIU in the sample population is approximately 30.86 %. The model findings showed that family communication and family health had indirect effects of -0.12 and - 0.05 on PIU by the mediating effects of loneliness. The indirect effect explained 80.0 % of the total effect of family communication on PIU and 38.5 % of family health on PIU, highlighting the dominance effects of path family communication and PIU via loneliness. Extended family type (-0.047, p = 0.050), low family income (income≤3000 group, -0.127, p < 0.001) were identified as protective factors against PIU, while not living with family members (0.034, p = 0.021) was identified as risk factors of PIU. LIMITATIONS The nature of cross-sectional data have the limitation of preventing examining the casual relationships of PIU and the loneliness and family climate, in which future longitudinal study design is needed. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of PIU should be given adequate attention. Optimizing the family climate or family atmosphere by improving positive communication skills, providing family support and family health external resources can be served as effective strategies for controlling PIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Liu
- School of Health Management and Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road No. 13, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Health Management and Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road No. 13, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Health Management and Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road No. 13, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yushu Liu
- School of Health Management and Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road No. 13, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rujiao Lin
- School of Health Management and Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road No. 13, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Management, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road No.16, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430000, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road No.16, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430000, China; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Development, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road No.16, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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88
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Wu X, Huebner ES, Tian L. Developmental trajectories of loneliness in Chinese children: Environmental and personality predictors. J Affect Disord 2024; 367:453-461. [PMID: 39236883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify the developmental trajectories of loneliness in Chinese children and examine the predictive roles of domain-specific environmental factors (i.e., family dysfunction and satisfaction of relatedness needs at school), personality factors (i.e., neuroticism and extraversion), and their interactions in these developmental trajectories. METHODS A total of 702 Chinese children (Mage = 8.95, SD = 0.76; 54.1 % boys) participated in assessments at six time points over three years at six-month intervals. Growth mixture modeling (GMM) was used to estimate trajectory classes for loneliness, followed by multivariate logistic regression analyses exploring associations between these classes and predictors. RESULTS GMM analyses identified three distinct trajectories of loneliness: "low-stable" (81.5 %), "moderate-increasing" (9.4 %), and "high-decreasing" (9.1 %). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that family dysfunction and neuroticism served as risk factors for adverse loneliness trajectories, while satisfaction of relatedness needs at school and extraversion acted as protective factors. Furthermore, the interaction between family dysfunction and extraversion indicated that extraversion did not mitigate the adverse effects of high family dysfunction on children's loneliness, emphasizing the vital need to support positive family functioning among all children. LIMITATIONS This study did not incorporate biological variables (e.g., genetics), which are crucial in the evolutionary theory of loneliness. CONCLUSIONS The identification of three distinct trajectory groups of children's loneliness, along with key environmental and personality predictors, suggests that interventions should be tailored to each group's unique characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmin Wu
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China; School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - E Scott Huebner
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Lili Tian
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China.
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89
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Cash DK, Pazos LA. Masking the truth: the impact of face masks on deception detection. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 164:840-853. [PMID: 36987617 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2023.2195092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Because of the pandemic, face masks have become ubiquitous in social interactions, but it remains unclear how face masks influence the ability to discriminate between truthful and deceptive statements. The current study manipulated the presence of face masks, statement veracity, statement valence (positive or negative), and whether the statements had been practiced or not. Despite participants' expectations, face masks generally did not impair detection accuracy. However, participants were more accurate when judging negatively valenced statements when the speaker was not wearing a face mask. Participants were also more likely to believe positively rather than negatively valenced statements.
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90
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Friese M, Bürgler S, Hofmann W, Hennecke M. Self-regulatory flexibility. Curr Opin Psychol 2024; 60:101878. [PMID: 39276461 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Robust associations of self-control with successful goal pursuit have been amply demonstrated. Much less is known about the psychological processes that occur when people grapple with self-control conflicts and that may contribute to successful goal pursuit. Influenced by the neighboring fields of emotion regulation and coping, self-regulatory flexibility has been identified as one of such potential processes. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of selected models of regulatory flexibility, empirical evidence on associations with self-regulatory success, and to identify avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Friese
- Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Germany.
| | | | - Wilhelm Hofmann
- Department of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Bochum-Marburg, Germany
| | - Marie Hennecke
- Department of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
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91
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McCarthy RJ, Wilson JP. Perpetrators' folk explanations of their regretted and justified aggressive behaviors. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 164:809-822. [PMID: 36882093 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2023.2186830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
When people explain why they behaved aggressively, they can refer to their thought process that led to their aggressive behavior - so-called reason explanations - or to other factors that preceded their thought process - so-called causal history of reasons explanations. People's choice of what mode of explanation they give might be affected by whether they want to distance themselves (or not) from their past aggressive behaviors. To test these ideas, participants in the current study (N = 429) either recalled an aggressive behavior they regret or an aggressive behavior they believe was justified. Participants then explained why they behaved aggressively. Mostly, people gave reason explanations for their aggressive behaviors, which is consistent with past research on how people explain intentional behaviors. Further, and as predicted, participants who explained behaviors they believe were justified gave (relatively) more reason explanations and participants who explained behaviors they regretted gave (relatively) more causal history of reasons explanations. These findings are consistent with the idea that participants adjust their explanations to either provide a rationale for, or to distance themselves from, their past aggressive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy J McCarthy
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, USA
| | - Jared P Wilson
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, USA
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92
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Xu I, Millner AJ, Fortgang RG, Nock MK. Suicide decision-making: Differences in proximal considerations between individuals who aborted and attempted suicide. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024. [PMID: 39221628 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The transition from suicidal thoughts to behaviors often involves considering the consequences of suicide as part of the decision-making process. This study explored the relationship between this consideration process and the decision to either abort or carry out a suicide attempt. METHODS Among inpatients with a suicide-related event in the past 2 weeks (suicide attempt n = 30 or aborted attempt n = 16), we assessed the degree to which they considered six domains of consequences, the impact of these considerations on their inclination to attempt suicide, and the duration of their decision-making. RESULTS All the participants who aborted and 87% of those who attempted considered consequences of suicide. Participants who aborted took longer to progress through decision-making stages and considered more suicide-hindering factors, especially interpersonal ones, though these differences were no longer significant after correction. Group status moderated the relationship between the balance of suicide-facilitating and suicide-hindering considerations and decision-making duration. Considering the consequences of suicide more favorably was related to a shorter ideation-to-action period before a suicide attempt and a longer ideation period before aborting an attempt. CONCLUSION This study highlights the complexity of suicide decision-making and its role in better understanding the progression from ideation to action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Xu
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alexander J Millner
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca G Fortgang
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Mental Health Research, Franciscan Children's, Brighton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew K Nock
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Mental Health Research, Franciscan Children's, Brighton, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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93
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Huang H, Shi J, Ma H, Chen X, Luo Y. Are monetary gifts negatively labeled? Material benefits and prosocial motivation evaluation. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 164:736-754. [PMID: 36576120 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2160692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether people perceive prosocial actors' prosocial motivations differently when prosocial actors gain monetary gifts and goods gifts. Across five studies, 1351 participants read different prosocial scenarios that depicted prosocial actors who gained either monetary or goods gifts. Then, they evaluated the prosocial motivations of the prosocial actors. Studies 1-5 consistently found that people perceived prosocial motivations to be less authentic when prosocial actors chose to receive monetary gifts compared with goods gifts. In addition, moral disgust and moral character evaluation mediated this effect (Studies 3-4). Moreover, the negative effect of monetary gifts on people's perception of prosocial motivation further undermined their helping intention to prosocial actors (Study 5). Our research expanded the understanding of people's perception of material gifts in prosocial behavior by proposing the model of monetary benefits aggravated tainted altruism. Besides, our findings provide insights into public policy and charity rules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui Ma
- Shaanxi Normal University
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94
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Wairauch Y, Siev J, Hasdai U, Dar R. Compulsive rituals in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - A qualitative exploration of thoughts, feelings and behavioral patterns. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2024; 84:101960. [PMID: 38513433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2024.101960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Rituals are common among healthy individuals and across cultures and often serve adaptive purposes. In individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), rituals become compulsive, time-consuming and distressing, and may lead to functional impairment. Previous research has examined the functions and characteristics of compulsive rituals, but there is paucity of in-depth, first-person reports about this topic. METHOD We used a qualitative approach to explore thoughts, feelings, and behavioral patterns that characterize OCD rituals. Ten individuals with OCD participated in a semi-structured interview that focused on their most prominent compulsive ritual. The interviews were subjected to a thematic analysis. RESULTS Eight themes emerged from the analysis and were organized in two main categories: Micro Level perspective, comprising triggers, attention, emotional changes, and stopping criteria; and Macro Level perspective, comprising feelings and perceptions, change over time, motives, and inhibitors. The findings shed light on the role of fixed rules and feelings of "completeness" in OCD rituals, the nature of emotional and attentional characteristics during rituals performance, and the evolution of compulsive rituals over time. LIMITATIONS This study used a qualitative approach based on a small number of participants, which limits the generalizability of the findings. CONCLUSION Our results, if replicated, may have clinical implications. The reported patterns of anxiety reduction during ritual performance may contribute to the fine-tuning of CBT for OCD. The findings concerning the nature of attention during ritual performance and the development of rituals over time may be important for understanding the mechanisms that maintain compulsive rituals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Wairauch
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - Udi Hasdai
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Reuven Dar
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
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95
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Norris E, Prescott A, Noone C, Green JA, Reynolds J, Grant SP, Toomey E. Establishing open science research priorities in health psychology: a research prioritisation Delphi exercise. Psychol Health 2024; 39:1218-1242. [PMID: 36317294 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2139830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research on Open Science practices in Health Psychology is lacking. This meta-research study aimed to identify research question priorities and obtain consensus on the Top 5 prioritised research questions for Open Science in Health Psychology. METHODS AND MEASURES An international Delphi consensus study was conducted. Twenty-three experts in Open Science and Health Psychology within the European Health Psychology Society (EHPS) suggested research question priorities to create a 'long-list' of items (Phase 1). Forty-three EHPS members rated the importance of these items, ranked their top five and suggested their own additional items (Phase 2). Twenty-four EHPS members received feedback on Phase 2 responses and then re-rated and re-ranked their top five research questions (Phase 3). RESULTS The top five ranked research question priorities were: 1. 'To what extent are Open Science behaviours currently practised in Health Psychology?', 2. 'How can we maximise the usefulness of Open Data and Open Code resources?', 3. 'How can Open Data be increased within Health Psychology?', 4. 'What interventions are effective for increasing the adoption of Open Science in Health Psychology?' and 5. 'How can we increase free Open Access publishing in Health Psychology?'. CONCLUSION Funding and resources should prioritise the research questions identified here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Norris
- Health Behaviour Change Research Group; Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Amy Prescott
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Chris Noone
- School of Psychology, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - James A Green
- Health Research Institute (HRI) and School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Sean Patrick Grant
- School of Public Health, Indiana and Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Elaine Toomey
- Health Research Institute (HRI) and School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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96
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Fan C, Sun J, Chen X, Luo W. Brain Stimulation of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortices Influences Impulsivity in Delay Discounting Choices. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:1864-1878. [PMID: 38739570 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Intertemporal decision-making is pivotal for human interests and health. Recently, studies instructed participants to make intertemporal choices for both themselves and others, but the specific mechanisms are still debated. To address the issue, in the current study, the cost-unneeded conditions (i.e., "Self Immediately - Self Delay" and "Other Immediately - Other Delay" conditions) and the cost-needed conditions (i.e., "Self Immediately - Other Delay" and "Self Delay - Other Immediately" conditions) were set with the identity of OTHER being a stranger. We manipulated the magnitude of reward (Experiment 1) and disrupted the activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS; Experiment 2). We found that both the behavioral and rTMS manipulations increased smaller but sooner choice probability via reducing self-control function. The reduced self-control function elicited by rTMS affected both self- and other-related intertemporal choices via increasing the choice preference for smaller but sooner reward options, which may help people deeply understand the relationship between self- and other-related intertemporal choices in processing mechanism, especially when the OTHER condition is set as a stranger.
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97
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Firth J, Standen B, Sumich A, Fino E, Heym N. The neural correlates of reinforcement sensitivity theory: A systematic review of the frontal asymmetry and spectral power literature. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14594. [PMID: 38693649 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The original Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (oRST) proposes two systems of approach (BAS) and avoidance (BIS) motivation to underpin personality and behavior. The revised-RST (rRST) model separates avoidance motivation into passive (BIS; anxiety) and active (FFFS; fear) systems. Prior research has attempted to map RST onto lateralized frontal asymmetry to provide a neurophysiological marker of RST. The main aim is to examine the relationships of the o/rRST scales with trait (baseline) and state (manipulated through experimental paradigms) frontal asymmetry. A systematic review was conducted, resulting in 158 studies designated to neuroimaging research. In total, 54 studies were included in this review using either frontal asymmetry or spectral power. The results were split into three main categories: resting frontal alpha asymmetry (N = 23), emotional induction and state-related frontal alpha asymmetry (N = 20), and spectral analysis (N = 16). Findings indicated that BAS was associated with enhanced left frontal asymmetry at baseline and during state-related paradigms. Findings for BIS were more inconsistent, especially at rest, suggesting that BIS, in particular, may require active engagement with the environment. Only 9 of the 54 papers included used the revised RST model, highlighting the need for more rRST research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Firth
- Division of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Bradley Standen
- Division of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alexander Sumich
- Division of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emanuele Fino
- Division of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nadja Heym
- Division of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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98
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Di Maio S, Villinger K, Knoll N, Scholz U, Stadler G, Gawrilow C, Berli C. Compendium of dyadic intervention techniques (DITs) to change health behaviours: a systematic review. Health Psychol Rev 2024; 18:538-573. [PMID: 38437798 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2024.2307534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyadic interventions for health behaviour change involving the romantic partner are promising. However, it often remains unclear how exactly the partner is involved in dyadic interventions. We propose a novel compendium of dyadic intervention techniques (DITs) that facilitates systematic description of dyadic interventions in terms of who performs what for whom during intervention delivery and subsequent implementation. OBJECTIVE We aimed to systematically characterise dyadic interventions along their degree of partner involvement and to provide a comprehensive list of DITs used in dyadic interventions with romantic partners. METHODS We systematically reviewed dyadic health behaviour change interventions with controlled designs. We included 165 studies describing 122 distinct dyadic interventions with romantic partners. Interventions were classified along their degree of partner involvement, 160 DITs were extracted, and their frequencies of use counted. RESULTS The majority of interventions (n = 90, 74%) explicitly instructed partners to interact. Half of the DITs were performed jointly by the couple and also targeted the couple. Mostly, couples were instructed to jointly practice communication skills and to jointly perform problem solving for the couple. DISCUSSION The present review contributes to the development of a shared and systematic way of describing dyadic interventions to facilitate cumulation of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Di Maio
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Nina Knoll
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Urte Scholz
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gertraud Stadler
- Institute of Gender in Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caterina Gawrilow
- Department of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tübingen, Germany
| | - Corina Berli
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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99
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Zhou X, Park M, Choi Y. Friendship Homophily Trajectories among Asian American Youth from High School to College. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:2139-2150. [PMID: 38750314 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Friendship racial homophily, the tendency to form friendships with individuals who share the same racial background, is a normative developmental phenomenon that holds particular significance for youth of color in a racialized society. Yet, there exists a paucity of longitudinal research elucidating the stability and change of friendship racial composition across developmental span. This study aimed to examine the friendship racial homophily trajectories over a six-year period encompassing four time points. The sample comprised 437 Asian American youth (MAge = 16.52, SDAge = 1.36, 53% female), with 197 Filipino and 240 Korean participants. Using logistic multilevel modeling analyses, it was found that both Filipino and Korean American youth demonstrated an increase in friendship racial homophily from high school to college, but that Filipino youth overall reported lower levels of racial homophily compared to their Korean counterparts. The study findings also pinpointed several influential factors impacting these trajectories, including proficiency in heritage languages, ethnic identity, and encounters with racial discrimination from both White Americans and other People of Color. These results highlight the continuous evolution of friendship racial composition from high school to college and emphasize the crucial role of ethnic identity and experiences of discrimination in influencing these dynamics, with ethnic identity exerting more enduring effects and experiences of discrimination showing more situational impacts on the levels of racial homophily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Michael Park
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Adams H, MacDonald JE, Castillo AN, Pavilanis A, Truchon M, Achille M, Côté P, Sullivan MJL. Qualitative Examination of the Experience of Perceived Injustice Following Disabling Occupational Injury. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2024; 34:657-668. [PMID: 37996720 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary objective of this study was to explore individuals' perspectives on the factors, situations or events that contributed to their perceptions of injustice following occupational injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study sample consisted of 30 participants (18 women, 12 men) who had submitted a time-loss claim for a work-related musculoskeletal injury. Participants with elevated scores on a measure of perceived injustice were interviewed about the factors that contributed to their sense of injustice. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify the broad classes of situations or events that participants experienced as unjust in the weeks following occupational injury. RESULTS Three dominant themes emerged from the interviews: (1) Invalidation, (2) Undeserved suffering and (3) Blame. Inductively derived subthemes reflected specific dimensions of post-injury experiences that contributed to participants' sense of injustice. CONCLUSIONS Given that suffering and invalidating communication are potentially modifiable factors, there are grounds for optimism that intervention approaches can be developed to prevent or reduce perceptions of injustice in the aftermath of debilitating injury. The development of intervention approaches that are effective in preventing or reducing perceptions of injustice holds promise of contributing to more positive recovery outcomes in individuals who have sustained debilitating work injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Adams
- School of Social Work, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Judy E MacDonald
- School of Social Work, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael J L Sullivan
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Ave, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada.
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