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Safari B, Aghazadeh M, Davaran S, Roshangar L. Exosome-loaded hydrogels: a new cell-free therapeutic approach for skin regeneration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 171:50-59. [PMID: 34793943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of unhealable and chronic cutaneous wounds is a significant challenge for the healthcare system. Hence, there has been heightened interest in the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for the acceleration of wound healing. Regenerative medicine based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has shown appropriate potential in skin repair. The regenerative properties of stem cells are mainly attributed to paracrine effects of secreted products, including exosomes. There are advantages to using exosomes as a cell-free approach instead of direct application of stem cells. Exosomes have nanoscale dimension and are immune-tolerant, Exosomes have the nanoscale dimension and are immune-tolerant. They can easily endocytose, and transfer the cargo content to recipient cells. They contribute to the regulation of the wound healing process by activating specific signaling pathways. To preserve exosome bioactivity and controlled release of effective concentration during prolonged wound care, the design of an optimized delivery system is necessary. Accordingly, hydrogels with their unique properties are promising candidates as exosome delivery and wound management products. This article investigates the characteristics of exosomes, their molecular mechanism in wound healing, and the advantages of the hydrogel delivery system. Also, published reports on the potential of exosome-loaded hydrogels in skin regeneration have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Safari
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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52
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Shen S, Chen X, Shen Z, Chen H. Marine Polysaccharides for Wound Dressings Application: An Overview. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1666. [PMID: 34683959 PMCID: PMC8541487 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound dressings have become a crucial treatment for wound healing due to their convenience, low cost, and prolonged wound management. As cutting-edge biomaterials, marine polysaccharides are divided from most marine organisms. It possesses various bioactivities, which allowing them to be processed into various forms of wound dressings. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the application of marine polysaccharides in wound dressings is particularly important for the studies of wound therapy. In this review, we first introduce the wound healing process and describe the characteristics of modern commonly used dressings. Then, the properties of various marine polysaccharides and their application in wound dressing development are outlined. Finally, strategies for developing and enhancing marine polysaccharide wound dressings are described, and an outlook of these dressings is given. The diverse bioactivities of marine polysaccharides including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, haemostatic properties, etc., providing excellent wound management and accelerate wound healing. Meanwhile, these biomaterials have higher biocompatibility and biodegradability compared to synthetic ones. On the other hand, marine polysaccharides can be combined with copolymers and active substances to prepare various forms of dressings. Among them, emerging types of dressings such as nanofibers, smart hydrogels and injectable hydrogels are at the research frontier of their development. Therefore, marine polysaccharides are essential materials in wound dressings fabrication and have a promising future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghai Shen
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China; (S.S.); (X.C.)
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, NO. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China; (S.S.); (X.C.)
| | - Zhewen Shen
- School of Humanities, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang 43900, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Hao Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, NO. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China
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53
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Shen X, Song S, Chen N, Liao J, Zeng L. Stem cell-derived exosomes: A supernova in cosmetic dermatology. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:3812-3817. [PMID: 34536054 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stem cell-derived exosomes are cell-free vesicles secreted by stem cells. Exosomes play a pivotal role in cell-to cell communication due to the functional proteins and genetic information which they carry. In addition, studies on cell migration, tumor invasion, tissue regeneration, myocardial repair after injury, and fracture healing have been widely reported. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this review is to sum up the current state of research on multiple stem cell-derived exosomes in cosmetic dermatology and to discuss the current challenges and future directions. METHODS We searched "skin" and "exosome" from PubMed to find the application of stem cell exosomes in cosmetic dermatology. RESULTS We found that stem cell-derived exosomes have an important place in skin cosmetology such as wound healing, skin aging, and scar formation. CONCLUSION Stem cell derived exosomes supply a potential tool to cosmetic dermatology. The performance of stem cell derived exosomes in regulating skin physiological and pathobiological functions suggests that stem cell derived exosomes have potential in cosmetic dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Shen
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shenghua Song
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Nian Chen
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Junlin Liao
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Gu C, Feng J, Waqas A, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Chen W, Long J, Huang S, Chen L. Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and Organs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:709204. [PMID: 34568322 PMCID: PMC8458970 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.709204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, biomaterial scaffolds have been widely applied in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Due to different production methods, unique types of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds can be fabricated to meet the structural characteristics of tissues and organs, and provide suitable 3D microenvironments. The therapeutic effects of stem cell (SC) therapy in tissues and organs are considerable and have attracted the attention of academic researchers worldwide. However, due to the limitations and challenges of SC therapy, exosome therapy can be used for basic research and clinical translation. The review briefly introduces the materials (nature or polymer), shapes (hydrogels, particles and porous solids) and fabrication methods (crosslinking or bioprinting) of 3D scaffolds, and describes the recent progress in SC/exosome therapy with 3D scaffolds over the past 5 years (2016-2020). Normal SC/exosome therapy can improve the structure and function of diseased and damaged tissues and organs. In addition, 3D scaffold-based SC/exosome therapy can significantly improve the structure and function cardiac and neural tissues for the treatment of various refractory diseases. Besides, exosome therapy has the same therapeutic effects as SC therapy but without the disadvantages. Hence, 3D scaffold therapy provides an alternative strategy for treatment of refractory and incurable diseases and has entered a transformation period from basic research into clinical translation as a viable therapeutic option in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ahmed Waqas
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yushu Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanghao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninth People Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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55
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Saremi J, Khanmohammadi M, Azami M, Ai J, Yousefi-Ahmadipour A, Ebrahimi-Barough S. Tissue-engineered nerve graft using silk-fibroin/polycaprolactone fibrous mats decorated with bioactive cerium oxide nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:1588-1599. [PMID: 33634587 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) encapsulated in fabricated hybrid silk-fibroin (SF)/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers as an artificial neural guidance conduit (NGC) applicable for peripheral nerve regeneration. The NGC was prepared by PCL and SF filled with CNPs. The mechanical properties, contact angle, and cell biocompatibility experiments showed that the optimized concentration of CNPs inside SF and SF/PCL wall of conduits was 1% (wt/wt). The SEM image analysis showed the nanoscale texture of the scaffold in different topologies depend on composition with fiber diameters at about 351 ± 54 nm and 420 ± 73 nm respectively for CNPs + SF and CNPs + SF/PCL fibrous mats. Furthermore, contact angle measurement confirmed the hydrophilic behavior of the membranes, ascribable to the SF content and surface modification through modified methanol treatment. The balance of morphological and biochemical properties of hybrid CNPs 1% (wt/wt) + SF/PCL construct improves cell adhesion and proliferation in comparison with lower concentrations of CNPs in nanofibrous scaffolds. The release of CNPs 1% (wt/wt) from both CNPs + SF and CNPs+ SF/PCL fibrous mats was highly controlled and very slow during the extended time of incubation until 60 days. Fabricated double-layered NGC using CNPs + SF and CNPs + SF/PCL fibers was consistent for application in nervous tissue engineering and regenerative medicine from a structural and biocompatible perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamileh Saremi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Azami
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Yousefi-Ahmadipour
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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56
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Extracellular Vesicles in Skin Wound Healing. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080811. [PMID: 34451909 PMCID: PMC8400229 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Each year, millions of individuals suffer from a non-healing wound, abnormal scarring, or injuries accompanied by an infection. For these cases, scientists are searching for new therapeutic interventions, from which one of the most promising is the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Naturally, EV-based signaling takes part in all four wound healing phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Such an extensive involvement of EVs suggests exploiting their action to modulate the impaired healing phase. Furthermore, next to their natural wound healing capacity, EVs can be engineered for better defined pharmaceutical purposes, such as carrying specific cargo or targeting specific destinations by labelling them with certain surface proteins. This review aims to promote scientific awareness in basic and translational research of EVs by summarizing the current knowledge about their natural role in each stage of skin repair and the most recent findings in application areas, such as wound healing, skin regeneration, and treatment of dermal diseases, including the stem cell-derived, plant-derived, and engineered EVs.
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57
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Kemp Bohan PM, Cooper LE, Fletcher JL, Corkins CJ, Natesan S, Aden JK, Carlsson A, Chan RK. Impact of dermal matrix thickness on split-thickness skin graft survival and wound contraction in a single-stage procedure. Int Wound J 2021; 19:370-379. [PMID: 34240793 PMCID: PMC8762550 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal treatment of full‐thickness skin injuries requires dermal and epidermal replacement. To spare donor dermis, dermal substitutes can be used ahead of split‐thickness skin graft (STSG) application. However, this two‐stage procedure requires an additional general anaesthetic, often prolongs hospitalisation, and increases outpatient services. Although a few case series have described successful single‐stage reconstructions, with application of both STSG and dermal substitute at the index operation, we have little understanding of how the physical characteristics of dermal substitutes affects the success of a single‐stage procedure. Here, we evaluated several dermal substitutes to optimise single‐stage skin replacement in a preclinical porcine model. A porcine full‐thickness excisional wound model was used to evaluate the following dermal substitutes: autologous dermal graft (ADG; thicknesses 0.15‐0.60 mm), Integra (0.4‐0.8 mm), Alloderm (0.9‐1.6 mm), and chitosan‐based hydrogel (0.1‐0.2 mm). After excision, each wound was treated with either a dermal substitute followed by STSG or STSG alone (control). Endpoints included graft take at postoperative days (PODs) 7 and 14, wound closure at POD 28, and wound contracture from POD 28‐120. Graft take was highest in the STSG alone and hydrogel groups at POD 14 (86.9% ± 19.5% and 81.3% ± 12.3%, respectively; P < .001). There were no differences in graft take at POD 7 or in wound closure at POD 28, though highest rates of wound closure were seen in the STSG alone and hydrogel groups (93.6% ± 9.1% and 99.8% ± 0.5%, respectively). ADG‐treated wounds demonstrated the least amount of wound contracture at each time point. Increase dermal substitute thickness was associated with worse percent graft take at PODs 14 and 28 (Spearman ρ of −0.50 and −0.45, respectively; P < .001). In this preclinical single‐stage skin reconstruction model, thinner ADG and hydrogel dermal substitutes outperformed thicker dermal substitutes. Both substitute thickness and composition affect treatment success. Further preclinical and clinical studies to optimise this treatment modality are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura E Cooper
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - John L Fletcher
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - James K Aden
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Anders Carlsson
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Rodney K Chan
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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58
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Brown HL, Clayton A, Stephens P. The role of bacterial extracellular vesicles in chronic wound infections: Current knowledge and future challenges. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:864-880. [PMID: 34132443 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds are a significant global problem with an increasing economic and patient welfare impact. How wounds move from an acute to chronic, non-healing, state is not well understood although it is likely that it is driven by a poorly regulated local inflammatory state. Opportunistic pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are well known to stimulate a pro-inflammatory response and so their presence may further drive chronicity. Studies have demonstrated that host cell extracellular vesicles (hEVs), in particular exosomes, have multiple roles in both increasing and decreasing chronicity within wounds; however, the role of bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) is still poorly understood. The aim of this review is to evaluate bEV biogenesis and function within chronic wound relevant bacterial species to determine what, if any, role bEVs may have in driving wound chronicity. We determine that bEVs drive chronicity by both increasing persistence of key pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and stimulating a pro-inflammatory response by the host. Data also suggest that both bEVs and hEVs show therapeutic promise, providing vaccine candidates, decoy targets for bacterial toxins or modulating the bacterial species within chronic wound biofilms. Caution should, however, be used when interpreting findings to date as the bEV field is still in its infancy and as such lacks consistency in bEV isolation and characterization. It is of primary importance that this is addressed, allowing meaningful conclusions to be drawn and increasing reproducibility within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Brown
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Aled Clayton
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Phil Stephens
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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59
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Li Q, Gong S, Yao W, Yang Z, Wang R, Yu Z, Wei M. Exosome loaded genipin crosslinked hydrogel facilitates full thickness cutaneous wound healing in rat animal model. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:884-893. [PMID: 33960253 PMCID: PMC8118534 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1912210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Full thickness cutaneous wound therapy and regeneration remains a critical challenge in clinical therapeutics. Recent reports have suggested that mesenchymal stem cells exosomes therapy is a promising technology with great potential to efficiently promote tissue regeneration. Multifunctional hydrogel composed of both synthetic materials and natural materials is an effective carrier for exosomes loading. Herein, we constructed a biodegradable, dual-sensitive hydrogel encapsulated human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) derived exosomes to facilitate wound healing and skin regeneration process. The materials characterization, exosomes identification, and in vivo full-thickness cutaneous wound healing effect of the hydrogels were performed and evaluated. The in vivo results demonstrated the exosomes loaded hydrogel had significantly improved wound closure, re-epithelialization rates, collagen deposition in the wound sites. More skin appendages were observed in exosomes loaded hydrogel treated wound, indicating the potential to achieve complete skin regeneration. This study provides a new access for complete cutaneous wound regeneration via a genipin crosslinked dual-sensitive hydrogel loading hUCMSCs derived exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Shiqiang Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Weifan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Ziting Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Renjun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Zhaojin Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
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60
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Mahya S, Ai J, Shojae S, Khonakdar HA, Darbemamieh G, Shirian S. Berberine loaded chitosan nanoparticles encapsulated in polysaccharide-based hydrogel for the repair of spinal cord. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:82-90. [PMID: 33766598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The potential of berberine loaded in chitosan nanoparticles (BerNChs) within a hybrid of alginate (Alg) and chitosan (Ch) hydrogel was investigated for the substrate which is known as an inhibit activator proteins. The physicochemical properties of the developed Alg-Ch hydrogel were investigated by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The swelling ability and degradation rate of hydrogels were also analyzed in a phosphate-buffered saline solution at physiological pH. The seeded scaffolds with endometrial stem cells as well as scaffolds alone were then transplanted into hemisected SCI rats. The SEM images displayed the favorable seeding and survival of the cells on the Alg-Ch/BerNChs hydrogel scaffold. The obtained data from immunostining of neuroflilament (NF), as a neuronal growth marker, in the various groups showed that the lowest and highest immunoractivity was belonged to the control and Alg-Ch/BerNCh seeded with ESCs groups, respectively. Finally, the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) test confirmed the recovery of sensory and motor functions, clinically. The results suggested that combination therapy using the endometrial stem cells seeded on Alg-Ch/BerNChs hydrogel scaffold has the potential to regenerate the injured spinal cord and to limit the secondary damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeghi Mahya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, PO Box 13185/768, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417743361, Iran.
| | - Shahrokh Shojae
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, PO Box 13185/768, Tehran, Iran; Stem cells Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, PO Box 13185-768, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ali Khonakdar
- Department of Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, PO Box 14965/115, Tehran, Iran; Reactive processing, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, D-01067 Dresden, Germany
| | - Goldis Darbemamieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, PO Box 13185/768, Tehran, Iran; Hard Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shirian
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran; Shiraz Molecular Pathology Research Center, Dr Daneshbod Path Lab, Shiraz, Iran; Shefa Neurosciences Research Center, Khatam-Alanbia Hospita, Tehran, Iran
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61
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Human amniotic membrane as a delivery vehicle for stem cell-based therapies. Life Sci 2021; 272:119157. [PMID: 33524418 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is known as a regenerative approach for a variety of diseases and tissue injuries. These cells exert their therapeutic effects through paracrine secretions namely extracellular vesicles. To achieve higher therapeutic potential, a variety of delivery routes have been tested in clinical and preclinical studies. Direct cell injection, intra-venous administration, and intra-arterial infusion are widely used methods of stem cells delivery but these methods are associated with several complications. As one of the most popular biological delivery systems, amniotic membrane has been widely utilized to support cell proliferation and differentiation therefore facilitating tissue regeneration without endangering the stem cells' viability. It is composed of several extracellular matrix components and growth factors. Due to these characteristics, amniotic membrane can mimic the stem cell's niche and can be an ideal carrier for stem cell transplantation. Here, we provide an overview of the recent progress, challenges, and future perspectives in the use of amniotic membrane as a delivery platform for stem cells.
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62
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Xu J, Xu JJ, Lin Q, Jiang L, Zhang D, Li Z, Ma B, Zhang C, Li L, Kai D, Yu HD, Loh XJ. Lignin-Incorporated Nanogel Serving As an Antioxidant Biomaterial for Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3-13. [PMID: 35014273 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation is an important biological process in the body to produce energy, during which oxygen free radicals are generated as byproduct. Excessive oxygen free radicals cause cell death and reduce the rate of tissue regeneration and healing in a wound. Lignin is a natural antioxidant derived from plants, but its biomedical application is restricted because of the uncertain biocompatibility. In this work, we developed a lignin-incorporated nanogel and explored its application for wound healing. Lignin was extracted from coconut husks and determined to have strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 25.7 ppm). Various amounts of lignin were incorporated into thermoresponsive nanogels, which were produced from polyurethane copolymers of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). It was shown that the addition of lignin had minimal effects on the gelation and rheological properties of the nanogel but slightly increased the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of poly(PEG/PPG/PDMS urethane) copolymer from 3.38 × 10-4 g mL-1 to 4.61 × 10-4 g mL-1. The lignin-incorporated nanogels did not display detectable cytotoxicity. The lignin-incorporated nanogel possessed antioxidant activity, as it reduced the active oxygen level, protecting the LO2 cells from apoptosis caused by oxidative stress. More importantly, in vivo studies demonstrated that the lignin-incorporated nanogels accelerated the healing of burn wounds in mice as proved by the increased expression of Ki67, one marker of cell proliferation. The present work demonstrates that lignin-incorporated nanogel could serve as an antioxidant wound-dressing material and facilitate the wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Jia Jia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Qianyu Lin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - Lu Jiang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - Duoteng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - Bo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Dan Kai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - Hai-Dong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China.,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634
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63
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Gholami L, Nooshabadi VT, Shahabi S, Jazayeri M, Tarzemany R, Afsartala Z, Khorsandi K. Extracellular vesicles in bone and periodontal regeneration: current and potential therapeutic applications. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:16. [PMID: 33436061 PMCID: PMC7802187 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretomes are considered important factors in the field of medical tissue engineering and cell free biotherapy due to their ease of access, differentiation potential, and successful therapeutic outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the conditioned medium (CM) from MSCs are gaining more attraction as an alternative to cell-based therapies due to the less ethical issues involved, and their easier acquisition, preservation, long term storage, sterilization, and packaging. Bone and periodontal regenerative ability of EVs and CM have been the focus of some recent studies. In this review, we looked through currently available literature regarding MSCs' EVs or conditioned medium and their general characteristics, function, and regenerative potentials. We will also review the novel applications in regenerating bone and periodontal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Department of Periodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Vajihe Taghdiri Nooshabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Science, Semnan, Iran.,Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Shiva Shahabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Jazayeri
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rana Tarzemany
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zohreh Afsartala
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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64
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Alven S, Aderibigbe BA. Chitosan and Cellulose-Based Hydrogels for Wound Management. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9656. [PMID: 33352826 PMCID: PMC7767230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound management remains a challenge worldwide, although there are several developed wound dressing materials for the management of acute and chronic wounds. The wound dressings that are currently used include hydrogels, films, wafers, nanofibers, foams, topical formulations, transdermal patches, sponges, and bandages. Hydrogels exhibit unique features which make them suitable wound dressings such as providing a moist environment for wound healing, exhibiting high moisture content, or creating a barrier against bacterial infections, and are suitable for the management of exuding and granulating wounds. Biopolymers have been utilized for their development due to their non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible properties. Hydrogels have been prepared from biopolymers such as cellulose and chitosan by crosslinking with selected synthetic polymers resulting in improved mechanical, biological, and physicochemical properties. They were useful by accelerating wound re-epithelialization and also mimic skin structure, inducing skin regeneration. Loading antibacterial agents into them prevented bacterial invasion of wounds. This review article is focused on hydrogels formulated from two biopolymers-chitosan and cellulose-for improved wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blessing Atim Aderibigbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Eastern Cape 5700, South Africa;
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65
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Vu NB, Nguyen HT, Palumbo R, Pellicano R, Fagoonee S, Pham PV. Stem cell-derived exosomes for wound healing: current status and promising directions. Minerva Med 2020; 112:384-400. [PMID: 33263376 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.07205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing, especially of chronic wounds, is still an unmet therapeutic area since assessment and management are extremely complicated. Although many efforts have been made to treat wounds, all strategies have achieved limited results for chronic wounds. Stem cell-based therapy is considered a promising approach for complex wounds such as those occurring in diabetics. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation significantly improves wound closure, angiogenesis and wound healing. However, cell therapy is complex, expensive and time-consuming. Recent studies have shown that stem cell-derived exosomes can be an exciting approach to treat wounds. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells can induce benefit in almost all stages of wound healing, including control of immune responses, inhibition of inflammation, promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis, while reducing scar formation during the wound healing process. This review aimed at offering an updated overview of the use of exosomes in biological applications, such as wound healing, and addresses not only current applications but also new directions for this next-generation approach in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc B Vu
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Hoa T Nguyen
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Rosanna Palumbo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (CNR), Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin, Italy
| | - Phuc V Pham
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam - .,Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.,Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
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66
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Fathi A, Khanmohammadi M, Goodarzi A, Foroutani L, Mobarakeh ZT, Saremi J, Arabpour Z, Ai J. Fabrication of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol and silk electrospun fiber seeded with differentiated keratinocyte for skin tissue regeneration in animal wound model. J Biol Eng 2020; 14:27. [PMID: 33292469 PMCID: PMC7677781 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-020-00249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid fibrous mat containing cell interactive molecules offers the ability to deliver the cells and drugs in wound bed, which will help to achieve a high therapeutic treatment. In this study, a co-electrospun hybrid of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan (Ch) and silk fibrous mat was developed and their wound healing potential by localizing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived keratinocytes on it was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. It was expected that fabricated hybrid construct could promote wound healing due to its structure, physical, biological specifications. The fabricated fibrous mats were characterized for their structural, mechanical and biochemical properties. The shape uniformity and pore size of fibers showed smooth and homogenous structures of them. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified all typical absorption characteristics of Ch-PVA + Silk polymers as well as Ch-PVA or pure PVA substrates. The contact angle and wettability measurement of fibers showed that mats found moderate hydrophilicity by addition of Ch and silk substrates compared with PVA alone. The mechanical features of Ch-PVA + Silk fibrous mat increase significantly through co-electrospun process as well as hybridization of these synthetic and natural polymers. Higher degrees of cellular attachment and proliferation obtained on Ch-PVA + Silk fibers compared with PVA and Ch-PVA fibers. In terms of the capability of Ch-PVA + Silk fibers and MSC-derived keratinocytes, histological analysis and skin regeneration results showed this novel fibrous construct could be suggested as a skin substitute in the repair of injured skin and regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Fathi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Goodarzi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Taherian Mobarakeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advance Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417743361, Iran
| | - Jamileh Saremi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advance Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417743361, Iran
| | - Zohreh Arabpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advance Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417743361, Iran
- Department of Biomedical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advance Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417743361, Iran.
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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67
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Salehi M, Zamiri S, Samadian H, Ai J, Foroutani L, Ai A, Khanmohammadi M. Chitosan hydrogel loaded with
Aloe vera
gel and tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (
EDTA
) as the wound healing material: in vitro and in vivo study. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Salehi
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Shahroud Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Shahroud Iran
| | - Sina Zamiri
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science York University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Laleh Foroutani
- School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Arman Ai
- School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran
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Basal WT, Issa AM, Mohammed SES, Mazen SAE. In vivo evaluation of the toxicity, genotoxicity, histopathological, and anti-inflammatory effects of the purified bioglycerol byproduct in biodiesel industry. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:61. [PMID: 33057939 PMCID: PMC7561648 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biodiesel has gained an increased popularity as a good alternative for fossil fuel because of its unusual qualities as a biodegradable, nontoxic, and renewable diesel fuel. Hence, the economic utilization of the accumulated bioglycerol byproduct became critically important for the sustainability of biodiesel industry. The purified bioglycerol might be used as a valuable industrial stock in cosmetic, medical, and food industries. However, if the purified product is going to be used in food, drug, or any industry that involves its ingestion or skin contact by human or animals, the product should be thoroughly tested on animal models. RESULTS The present study investigated the acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory, histopathological, and genotoxic effects of zeolite-purified biogylcerol on different animal models. All the previous tests proved the ability of the purification process to improve the qualities of the crude bioglycerol to a degree comparable to the pharmaceutical grade glycerol. CONCLUSION In other words, it could be concluded that zeolite-purified bioglycerol can be used in different industries that involves products consumed by human or animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Taha Basal
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Aliaa Mahmoud Issa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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