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Walter NAR, Zheng CL, Searles RP, McWeeney SK, Grant KA, Hitzemann R. Chronic Voluntary Ethanol Drinking in Cynomolgus Macaques Elicits Gene Expression Changes in Prefrontal Cortical Area 46. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:470-478. [PMID: 31840818 PMCID: PMC7018568 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide profiling to examine brain transcriptional features associated with excessive ethanol (EtOH) consumption has been applied to a variety of species including rodents, nonhuman primates (NHPs), and humans. However, these data were obtained from cross-sectional samples which are particularly vulnerable to individual variation when obtained from small outbred populations typical of human and NHP studies. In the current study, a novel within-subject design was used to examine the effects of voluntary EtOH consumption on prefrontal cortex (PFC) gene expression in a NHP model. METHODS Two cohorts of cynomolgus macaques (n = 23) underwent a schedule-induced polydipsia procedure to establish EtOH self-administration followed by 6 months of daily open access to EtOH (4% w/v) and water. Individual daily EtOH intakes ranged from an average of 0.7 to 3.7 g/kg/d. Dorsal lateral PFC area 46 (A46) brain biopsies were collected in EtOH-naïve and control monkeys; contralateral A46 biopsies were collected from the same monkeys following the 6 months of fluid consumption. Gene expression changes were assessed using RNA-Seq paired analysis, which allowed for correction of individual baseline differences in gene expression. RESULTS A total of 675 genes were significantly down-regulated following EtOH consumption; these were functionally enriched for immune response, cell adhesion, plasma membrane, and extracellular matrix. A total of 567 genes that were up-regulated following EtOH consumption were enriched in microRNA target sites and included target sites associated with Toll-like receptor pathways. The differentially expressed genes were also significantly enriched in transcription factor binding sites. CONCLUSIONS The data presented here are the first to use a longitudinal biopsy strategy to examine how chronic EtOH consumption affects gene expression in the primate PFC. Prominent effects were seen in both cell adhesion and neuroimmune pathways; the latter contained both pro- and antiinflammatory genes. The data also indicate that changes in miRNAs and transcription factors may be important epigenetic regulators of EtOH consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A R Walter
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Christina L Zheng
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Robert P Searles
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Shannon K McWeeney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kathleen A Grant
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Robert Hitzemann
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Janeczek P, Colson N, Dodd PR, Lewohl JM. Sex Differences in the Expression of the α5 Subunit of the GABA A Receptor in Alcoholics with and without Cirrhosis of the Liver. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:423-434. [PMID: 31840824 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol exposure alters the expression of a large number of genes, resulting in neuronal adaptions and neuronal loss, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. miRNAs are gene repressors that are abundant in the brain. A recent study identified ~ 35 miRNAs that are up-regulated in the prefrontal cortex of human alcoholics and predicted to target genes that are down-regulated in the same region. Although interactions between alcohol-responsive miRNAs and their target genes have been predicted, few studies have validated these predictions. METHODS We measured the expression of GABAA α5 mRNA in the prefrontal and motor cortices of human alcoholics and matched controls using real-time PCR. The expression of miR-203 was measured in a subset of these cases. The predicted interaction of miR-203 and GABRA5 was validated for miR-203 using a luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS In both frontal and motor cortices, the expression of GABAA α5 was significantly lower in cirrhotic alcoholics compared with controls. Further, the pattern of expression between the groups was significantly different between males and females. The expression of miR-203 was higher in the prefrontal cortex of cirrhotic alcoholics compared with controls and uncomplicated alcoholics. These differences were particularly marked in female cases. Cotransfection of GABRA5 with miR-203 in HEK293T cells reduced luciferase reporter activity. CONCLUSION There are sex differences in the expression of GABAA α5 and miR-203 in the brain of human alcoholics which are particularly marked in alcoholics with cirrhosis of the liver. Further, miR-203 may mediate the changes in expression of this GABAA receptor isoform that is brought about by alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Janeczek
- From the, School of Medical Science, (PJ, NC, JML), Griffith University Gold Coast campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Natalie Colson
- From the, School of Medical Science, (PJ, NC, JML), Griffith University Gold Coast campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter R Dodd
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, (PRD), The University of Queensland St Lucia campus, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joanne M Lewohl
- From the, School of Medical Science, (PJ, NC, JML), Griffith University Gold Coast campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
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MicroRNA-137 Drives Epigenetic Reprogramming in the Adult Amygdala and Behavioral Changes after Adolescent Alcohol Exposure. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0401-19.2019. [PMID: 31740576 PMCID: PMC6917896 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0401-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent binge drinking is a serious public health concern and a risk factor for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and comorbid anxiety in adulthood. Chromatin remodeling mediated by epigenetic enzymes including lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) due to adolescent alcohol exposure may play a role in adult psychopathology. The mechanism by which adolescent alcohol exposure mechanistically regulates epigenetic reprogramming and behavioral changes in adulthood is unknown. We investigated the role of microRNA-137 (miR-137), which is crucial for normal neurodevelopment and targets LSD1, in adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure-induced anxiety-like and alcohol-drinking behaviors and related epigenetic reprogramming in the amygdala in adulthood. Adolescent rats were exposed to 2 g/kg ethanol (2 d on/off; AIE) or adolescent intermittent saline (AIS) during postnatal days (PND)28-PND41 and allowed to grow to adulthood for analysis of behavior, miRNA expression, and epigenetic measures in the amygdala. Interestingly, miR-137 was increased and its target genes Lsd1 and Lsd1 + 8a were decreased in the AIE adult amygdala. Infusion of miR-137 antagomir directly into the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) rescues AIE-induced alcohol-drinking and anxiety-like behaviors via normalization of decreased Lsd1 expression, decreased LSD1 occupancy, and decreased Bdnf IV expression due to increased H3K9 dimethylation in AIE adult rats. Further, concomitant Lsd1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) infusion into the CeA prevents the miR-137-mediated reversal of AIE-induced adult anxiety and chromatin remodeling at the Bdnf IV promoter. These novel results highlight miR-137 as a potential therapeutic target for anxiety and AUD susceptibility after adolescent alcohol exposure in adulthood.
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Abstract
Background micro RNA (miRNA) are important regulators of gene expression and may influence phenotypes and disease traits. The connection between genetics and miRNA expression can be determined through expression quantitative loci (eQTL) analysis, which has been extensively used in a variety of tissues, and in both human and model organisms. miRNA play an important role in brain-related diseases, but eQTL studies of miRNA in brain tissue are limited. We aim to catalog miRNA eQTL in brain tissue using miRNA expression measured on a recombinant inbred mouse panel. Because samples were collected without any intervention or treatment (naïve), the panel allows characterization of genetic influences on miRNAs’ expression levels. We used brain RNA expression levels of 881 miRNA and 1416 genomic locations to identify miRNA eQTL. To address multiple testing, we employed permutation p-values and subsequent zero permutation p-value correction. We also investigated the underlying biology of miRNA regulation using additional analyses, including hotspot analysis to search for regions controlling multiple miRNAs, and Bayesian network analysis to identify scenarios where a miRNA mediates the association between genotype and mRNA expression. We used addiction related phenotypes to illustrate the utility of our results. Results Thirty-eight miRNA eQTL were identified after appropriate multiple testing corrections. Ten of these miRNAs had target genes enriched for brain-related pathways and mapped to four miRNA eQTL hotspots. Bayesian network analysis revealed four biological networks relating genetic variation, miRNA expression and gene expression. Conclusions Our extensive evaluation of miRNA eQTL provides valuable insight into the role of miRNA regulation in brain tissue. Our miRNA eQTL analysis and extended statistical exploration identifies miRNA candidates in brain for future study.
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Pucci M, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Wille-Bille A, Fernández MS, Maccarrone M, Pautassi RM, Cifani C, D’Addario C. Environmental stressors and alcoholism development: Focus on molecular targets and their epigenetic regulation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 106:165-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Martinez M, Rossetto IMU, Arantes RMS, Lizarte FSN, Tirapelli LF, Tirapelli DPC, Chuffa LGA, Martinez FE. Serum miRNAs are differentially altered by ethanol and caffeine consumption in rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:842-849. [PMID: 32055392 PMCID: PMC7003974 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00069k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholism is a multifactorial disease with high risk for dependence determined by genetic background, environmental factors and neuroadaptations. The excessive consumption of this substance is related to psychiatric problems, epilepsy, cardiovascular disease, cirrhosis and cancers. Caffeine is one of the most popular psychostimulants currently consumed in the world. The combination of ethanol and caffeine ingested by consuming "energy drinks" is becoming increasingly popular among young people. We analyzed the effect of simultaneous consumption of ethanol and caffeine on the serum profile of miRNAs differentially expressed in the ethanol-drinking rat model (UChB strain). Adult rats were divided into three groups (n = 5 per group): UChB group (rats fed with 1 : 10 (v/v) ethanol ad libitum); UChB + caffeine group (rats fed with 1 : 10 (v/v) ethanol ad libitum + 3 g L-1 of caffeine); control group (rats drinking water used as the control for UChB). The treatment with caffeine occurred from day 95 to 150 days old, totalizing 55 days of ethanol + caffeine ingestion. The expressions of microRNAs (miR) -9-3p, -15b-5p, -16-5p, -21-5p, -200a-3p and -222-3p were detected by Real Time-PCR (RT-PCR). The expressions of miR-9-3p, -15b-5p, -16-5p and -222-3p were upregulated in the UChB group. Conversely, simultaneous ingestion of ethanol and caffeine significantly reversed these expressions to similar levels to control animals, thus emphasizing that caffeine had a protective effect in the presence of ethanol. In addition, miR-21-5p was downregulated with ethanol consumption whereas miR-222-3p was unchanged. Ethanol and caffeine consumption was capable of altering serum miRNAs, which are potential biomarkers for the systemic effects of these addictive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology , Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) , São Carlos , SP , Brazil
| | - I M U Rossetto
- Department Structural and Functional Biology , University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - R M S Arantes
- Department of Morphology and Pathology , Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) , São Carlos , SP , Brazil
| | - F S N Lizarte
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy , University of São Paulo (USP) , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - L F Tirapelli
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy , University of São Paulo (USP) , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - D P C Tirapelli
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy , University of São Paulo (USP) , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - L G A Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy , State University of São Paulo (UNESP) , Botucatu , SP , Brazil . ; ; Tel: +55 (14) 3880-0024
| | - F E Martinez
- Department of Anatomy , State University of São Paulo (UNESP) , Botucatu , SP , Brazil . ; ; Tel: +55 (14) 3880-0024
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Dhahbi J, Nunez Lopez YO, Schneider A, Victoria B, Saccon T, Bharat K, McClatchey T, Atamna H, Scierski W, Golusinski P, Golusinski W, Masternak MM. Profiling of tRNA Halves and YRNA Fragments in Serum and Tissue From Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Identify Key Role of 5' tRNA-Val-CAC-2-1 Half. Front Oncol 2019; 9:959. [PMID: 31616639 PMCID: PMC6775249 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer and, as indicated by The Oral Cancer Foundation, kills at an alarming rate of roughly one person per hour. With this study, we aimed at better understanding disease mechanisms and identifying minimally invasive disease biomarkers by profiling novel small non-coding RNAs (specifically, tRNA halves and YRNA fragments) in both serum and tumor tissue from humans. Small RNA-Sequencing identified multiple 5' tRNA halves and 5' YRNA fragments that displayed significant differential expression levels in circulation and/or tumor tissue, as compared to control counterparts. In addition, by implementing a modification of weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we identified an upregulated genetic module comprised of 5' tRNA halves and miRNAs (miRNAs were described in previous study using the same samples) with significant association with the cancer trait. By consequently implementing miRNA-overtargeting network analysis, the biological function of the module (and by "guilt by association," the function of the 5' tRNA-Val-CAC-2-1 half) was found to involve the transcriptional targeting of specific genes involved in the negative regulation of the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle. These findings suggest that 5' tRNA-Val-CAC-2-1 half (reduced in serum of OSCC patients and elevated in the tumor tissue) could potentially serve as an OSCC circulating biomarker and/or target for novel anticancer therapies. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the specific molecular function of a 5'-tRNA half is specifically pinpointed in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Dhahbi
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Yury O. Nunez Lopez
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Berta Victoria
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Tatiana Saccon
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Krish Bharat
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Thaddeus McClatchey
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Hani Atamna
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Wojciech Scierski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Pawel Golusinski
- Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
- Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Golusinski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michal M. Masternak
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
- Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznań, Poland
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Martínez-Rodríguez TY, Rey-Buitrago M. Physiological, molecular and genetic aspects of alpha-synuclein and its correlation with high alcohol consumption. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v67n3.69962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Significant changes in the expression of α-synuclein (SNCA) can be seen in subjects with high alcohol consumption, altering neuroprotection and causing changes in the reward system.Objective: To present state-of-the-art studies on the physiological, molecular and genetic aspects of SNCA related to high alcohol consumption.Materials and methods: A search of records published from 2007 to 2017 was carried out in PUBMED, ScienceDirect and Cochrane with the terms alpha-synuclein, alcoholism, genetic polymorphism, gene expression, DNA methylation and molecular biology.Results: The search yielded 1 331 references, of which 51 full-texts were selected. The results describe the current evidence of the physiological and pathological aspects of α-synuclein (SNCA) and the genetic and epigenetic changes related to its expression in people with high alcohol consumption.Conclusions: The evidence suggests that a differential expression of α-synuclein (SNCA) is found in subjects with high alcohol consumption, as a result of modifications in the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, leading to physipathological neuroadaptations. SNCA is a promising marker in the field of alcoholism research; therefore, more studies are required in this regard, taking into account the genetic heterogeneity of each population.
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Ethanol and caffeine consumption modulates the expression of miRNAs in the cerebellum and plasma of UChB rats. Life Sci 2019; 229:180-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Most D, Salem NA, Tiwari GR, Blednov YA, Mayfield RD, Harris RA. Silencing synaptic MicroRNA-411 reduces voluntary alcohol consumption in mice. Addict Biol 2019; 24:604-616. [PMID: 29665166 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption alters the levels of microRNAs and mRNAs in the brain, but the specific microRNAs and processes that target mRNAs to affect cellular function and behavior are not known. We examined the in vivo manipulation of previously identified alcohol-responsive microRNAs as potential targets to reduce alcohol consumption. Silencing of miR-411 by infusing antagomiR-411 into the prefrontal cortex of female C57BL/6J mice reduced alcohol consumption and preference, without altering total fluid consumption, saccharin consumption, or anxiety-related behaviors. AntagomiR-411 reduced alcohol consumption when given to mice exposed to a chronic alcohol drinking paradigm but did not affect the acquisition of consumption in mice without a history of alcohol exposure, suggesting that antagomiR-411 has a neuroadaptive, alcohol-dependent effect. AntagomiR-411 decreased the levels of miR-411, as well as the association of immunoprecipitated miR-411 with Argonaute2; and, it increased levels of Faah and Ppard mRNAs. Moreover, antagomiR-411 increased the neuronal expression of glutamate receptor AMPA-2 protein, a known alcohol target and a predicted target of miR-411. These results suggest that alcohol and miR-411 function in a homeostatic manner to regulate synaptic mRNA and protein, thus reversing alcohol-related neuroadaptations and reducing chronic alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Most
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchThe University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
- Institute for NeuroscienceUniversity of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
| | - Nihal A. Salem
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience and Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of MedicineTexas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | - Gayatri R. Tiwari
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchThe University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
| | - Yuri A. Blednov
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchThe University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
| | - R. Dayne Mayfield
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchThe University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
| | - R. Adron Harris
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchThe University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
- Institute for NeuroscienceUniversity of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
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Abstract
Innate immune signaling is an important feature in the pathology of alcohol use disorders. Alcohol abuse causes persistent innate immune activation in the brain. This is seen in postmortem human alcoholic brain specimens, as well as in primate and rodent models of alcohol consumption. Further, in vitro models of alcohol exposure in neurons and glia also demonstrate innate immune activation. The activation of the innate immune system seems to be important in the development of alcohol use pathology, as anti-immune therapies reduce pathology and ethanol self-administration in rodent models. Further, innate immune activation has been identified in each of the stages of addiction: binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect, and preoccupation/craving. This suggests that innate immune activation may play a role both in the development and maintenance of alcoholic pathology. In this chapter, we discuss the known contributions of innate immune signaling in the pathology of alcohol use disorders, and present potential therapeutic interventions that may be beneficial for alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G Coleman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Fulton T Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Rosato AJ, Chen X, Tanaka Y, Farrer LA, Kranzler HR, Nunez YZ, Henderson DC, Gelernter J, Zhang H. Salivary microRNAs identified by small RNA sequencing and machine learning as potential biomarkers of alcohol dependence. Epigenomics 2019; 11:739-749. [PMID: 31140863 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Salivary miRNA can be easily accessible biomarkers of alcohol dependence (AD). Materials & methods: The miRNA transcriptome in the saliva of 56 African-Americans (AAs; 28 AD patients/28 controls) and 64 European-Americans (EAs; 32 AD patients/32 controls) was profiled using small RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Salivary miRNAs were used to predict the AD presence using machine learning with Random Forests. Results: Seven miRNAs were differentially expressed in AA AD patients, and five miRNAs were differentially expressed in EA AD patients. The AD prediction accuracy based on top five miRNAs (ranked by Gini index) was 79.1 and 72.2% in AAs and EAs, respectively. Conclusion: This study provided the first evidence that salivary miRNAs are AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Rosato
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Epidemiology & Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania & VISN4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yaira Z Nunez
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - David C Henderson
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Cates HM, Benca-Bachman CE, de Guglielmo G, Schoenrock SA, Shu C, Kallupi M. National Institute on Drug Abuse genomics consortium white paper: Coordinating efforts between human and animal addiction studies. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 18:e12577. [PMID: 31012252 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The National Institute on Drug Abuse Genetics and Epigenetics Cross-Cutting Research Team convened a diverse group of researchers, clinicians, and healthcare providers on the campus of the University of California, San Diego, in June 2018. The goal was to develop strategies to integrate genetics and phenotypes across species to achieve a better understanding of substance use disorders through associations between genotypes and addictive behaviors. This conference (a) discussed progress in harmonizing large opioid genetics cohorts, (b) discussed phenotypes that are used for genetics studies in humans, (c) examined phenotypes that are used for genetics studies in animal models, (d) identified synergies and gaps in phenotypic analyses of human and animal models and (e) identified strategies to integrate genetics and genomics data with phenotypes across species. The meeting consisted of panels that focused on phenotype harmonization (Dr. Laura Bierut, Dr. Olivier George, Dr. Dan Larach and Dr. Sesh Mudumbai), translating genetic findings between species (Dr. Elissa Chesler, Dr. Gary Peltz and Dr. Abraham Palmer), interpreting and understanding allelic variations (Dr. Vanessa Troiani and Dr. Tamara Richards) and pathway conservation in animal models and human studies (Dr. Robert Hitzemann, Dr. Huda Akil and Dr. Laura Saba). There were also updates that were provided by large consortia (Dr. Susan Tapert, Dr. Danielle Dick, Dr. Howard Edenberg and Dr. Eric Johnson). Collectively, the conference was convened to discuss progress and changes in genome-wide association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Cates
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Sarah A Schoenrock
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Marsida Kallupi
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
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Guida N, Valsecchi V, Laudati G, Serani A, Mascolo L, Molinaro P, Montuori P, Di Renzo G, Canzoniero LM, Formisano L. The miR206-JunD Circuit Mediates the Neurotoxic Effect of Methylmercury in Cortical Neurons. Toxicol Sci 2019. [PMID: 29522201 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) causes neuronal death through different pathways. Particularly, we found that in cortical neurons it increased the expression of Repressor Element-1 Silencing Transcription Factor (REST), histone deacetylase (HDAC)4, Specificity Protein (Sp)1, Sp4, and reduced the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Herein, in rat cortical neurons we investigated whether microRNA (miR)206 can modulate MeHg-induced cell death by regulating REST/HDAC4/Sp1/Sp4/BDNF axis. MeHg (1 µM) reduced miR206 expression after both 12 and 24 h and miR206 transfection prevented MeHg-induced neuronal death. Furthermore, miR206 reverted MeHg-induced REST and Sp4 increase and BDNF reduction at gene and protein level, and reverted HDAC4 protein increase, but not HDAC4 mRNA upregulation. Moreover, since no miR206 seed sequences were identified in the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of REST and SP4, we investigated the role of JunD, that presents a consensus motif on REST, Sp4, and BDNF promoters. Indeed, MeHg increased JunD mRNA and protein levels, and JunD knockdown counteracted MeHg-induced REST, Sp4 increase, but not BDNF reduction. Furthermore, we identified a miR206 binding site in the 3'-UTR of JunD mRNA (miR206/JunD) and mutagenesis of miR206/JunD site reverted JunD luciferase activity reduction induced by miR206. Finally, miR206 prevented MeHg-increased JunD binding to REST and Sp4 promoters, and MeHg-reduced BDNF expression was determined by the increase of HDAC4 binding on BDNF promoter IV. Collectively, these results suggest that miR206 downregulation induced by MeHg exposure determines an upregulation of HDAC4, that in turn downregulated BDNF, and the activation of JunD that, by binding REST and Sp4 gene promoters, increased their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Valsecchi
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Laudati
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.,Division of Pharmacology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Angelo Serani
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Mascolo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Molinaro
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Montuori
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Di Renzo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorella M Canzoniero
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.,Division of Pharmacology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.,Division of Pharmacology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
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Nunez Lopez YO, Retnakaran R, Zinman B, Pratley RE, Seyhan AA. Predicting and understanding the response to short-term intensive insulin therapy in people with early type 2 diabetes. Mol Metab 2019; 20:63-78. [PMID: 30503831 PMCID: PMC6358589 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Short-term intensive insulin therapy (IIT) early in the course of type 2 diabetes acutely improves beta-cell function with long-lasting effects on glycemic control. However, conventional measures cannot determine which patients are better suited for IIT, and little is known about the molecular mechanisms determining response. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model that could accurately predict the response to IIT and provide insight into molecular mechanisms driving such response in humans. METHODS Twenty-four patients with early type 2 diabetes were assessed at baseline and four weeks after IIT, consisting of basal detemir and premeal insulin aspart. Twelve individuals had a beneficial beta-cell response to IIT (responders) and 12 did not (nonresponders). Beta-cell function was assessed by multiple methods, including Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index-2. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were profiled in plasma samples before and after IIT. The response to IIT was modeled using a machine learning algorithm and potential miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms assessed by differential expression, correlation, and functional network analyses (FNA). RESULTS Baseline levels of circulating miR-145-5p, miR-29c-3p, and HbA1c accurately (91.7%) predicted the response to IIT (OR = 121 [95% CI: 6.7, 2188.3]). Mechanistically, a previously described regulatory loop between miR-145-5p and miR-483-3p/5p, which controls TP53-mediated apoptosis, appears to also occur in our study population of humans with early type 2 diabetes. In addition, significant (fold change > 2, P < 0.05) longitudinal changes due to IIT in the circulating levels of miR-138-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-320b, and let-7a-5p further characterized the responder group and significantly correlated (|r| > 0.4, P < 0.05) with the changes in measures of beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity. FNA identified a network of coordinately/cooperatively regulated miRNA-targeted genes that potentially drives the IIT response through negative regulation of apoptotic processes that underlie beta cell dysfunction and concomitant positive regulation of proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Responses to IIT in people with early type 2 diabetes are associated with characteristic miRNA signatures. This study represents a first step to identify potential responders to IIT (a current limitation in the field) and provides important insight into the pathophysiologic determinants of the reversibility of beta-cell dysfunction. ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT01270789.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury O Nunez Lopez
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Ravi Retnakaran
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bernard Zinman
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Richard E Pratley
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL 32804, USA.
| | - Attila A Seyhan
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL 32804, USA; The Chemical Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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66
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Sun Y, Zhu Z, You ZH, Zeng Z, Huang ZA, Huang YA. FMSM: a novel computational model for predicting potential miRNA biomarkers for various human diseases. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2018; 12:121. [PMID: 30598090 PMCID: PMC6311922 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-018-0664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miRNA) plays a key role in regulation mechanism of human biological processes, including the development of disease and disorder. It is necessary to identify potential miRNA biomarkers for various human diseases. Computational prediction model is expected to accelerate the process of identification. Results Considering the limitations of previously proposed models, we present a novel computational model called FMSM. It infers latent miRNA biomarkers involved in the mechanism of various diseases based on the known miRNA-disease association network, miRNA expression similarity, disease semantic similarity and Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarity. FMSM achieves reliable prediction performance in 5-fold and leave-one-out cross validations with area under ROC curve (AUC) values of 0.9629+/− 0.0127 and 0.9433, respectively, which outperforms the state-of-the-art competitors and classical algorithms. In addition, 19 of top 25 predicted miRNAs have been validated to have associations with Colonic Neoplasms in case study. Conclusions A factored miRNA similarity based model and miRNA expression similarity substantially contribute to the well-performing prediction. The list of the predicted most latent miRNA biomarkers of various human diseases is publicized. It is anticipated that FMSM could serve as a useful tool guiding the future experimental validation for those promising miRNA biomarker candidates. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12918-018-0664-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Sun
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zexuan Zhu
- College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhu-Hong You
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, ürümqi, 830011, China
| | - Zijie Zeng
- College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhi-An Huang
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
| | - Yu-An Huang
- Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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Clark SL, Costin BN, Chan RF, Johnson AW, Xie L, Jurmain JL, Kumar G, Shabalin AA, Pandey AK, Aberg KA, Miles MF, van den Oord E. A Whole Methylome Study of Ethanol Exposure in Brain and Blood: An Exploration of the Utility of Peripheral Blood as Proxy Tissue for Brain in Alcohol Methylation Studies. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:2360-2368. [PMID: 30320886 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reviews have highlighted the potential use of blood-based methylation biomarkers as diagnostic and prognostic tools of current and future alcohol use and addiction. Due to the substantial overlap that often exists between methylation patterns across different tissues, including blood and brain, blood-based methylation may track methylation changes in brain; however, little work has explored the overlap in alcohol-related methylation in these tissues. METHODS To study the effects of alcohol on the brain methylome and identify possible biomarkers of these changes in blood, we performed a methylome-wide association study in brain and blood from 40 male DBA/2J mice that received either an acute ethanol (EtOH) or saline intraperitoneal injection. To investigate all 22 million CpGs in the mouse genome, we enriched for the methylated genomic fraction using methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) protein capture followed by next-generation sequencing (MBD-seq). We performed association tests in blood and brain separately followed by enrichment testing to determine whether there was overlapping alcohol-related methylation in the 2 tissues. RESULTS The top result for brain was a CpG located in an intron of Ttc39b (p = 5.65 × 10-08 ), and for blood, the top result was located in Espnl (p = 5.11 × 10-08 ). Analyses implicated pathways involved in inflammation and neuronal differentiation, such as CXCR4, IL-7, and Wnt signaling. Enrichment tests indicated significant overlap among the top results in brain and blood. Pathway analyses of the overlapping genes converge on MAPKinase signaling (p = 5.6 × 10-05 ) which plays a central role in acute and chronic responses to alcohol and glutamate receptor pathways, which can regulate neuroplastic changes underlying addictive behavior. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we have shown some methylation changes in brain and blood after acute EtOH administration and that the changes in blood partly mirror the changes in brain suggesting the potential for DNA methylation in blood to be biomarkers of alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunna L Clark
- Department of Psychology , Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.,Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Blair N Costin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Robin F Chan
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Alexander W Johnson
- Department of Psychology , Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Linying Xie
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jessica L Jurmain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Andrey A Shabalin
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Ashutosh K Pandey
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology , Center for Integrative and Translational Genomics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Karolina A Aberg
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Michael F Miles
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Edwin van den Oord
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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Deep sequencing and miRNA profiles in alcohol-induced neuroinflammation and the TLR4 response in mice cerebral cortex. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15913. [PMID: 30374194 PMCID: PMC6206094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34277-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol abuse can induce brain injury and neurodegeneration, and recent evidence shows the participation of immune receptors toll-like in the neuroinflammation and brain damage. We evaluated the role of miRNAs as potential modulators of the neuroinflammation associated with alcohol abuse and the influence of the TLR4 response. Using mice cerebral cortex and next-generation sequencing (NGS), we identified miRNAs that were differentially expressed in the chronic alcohol-treated versus untreated WT or TLR4-KO mice. We observed a differentially expression of miR-183 Cluster (C) (miR-96/-182/-183), miR-200a and miR-200b, which were down-regulated, while mirR-125b was up-regulated in alcohol-treated WT versus (vs.) untreated mice. These miRNAs modulate targets genes related to the voltage-gated sodium channel, neuron hyperexcitability (Nav1.3, Trpv1, Smad3 and PP1-γ), as well as genes associated with innate immune TLR4 signaling response (Il1r1, Mapk14, Sirt1, Lrp6 and Bdnf). Functional enrichment of the miR-183C and miR-200a/b family target genes, revealed neuroinflammatory pathways networks involved in TLR4 signaling and alcohol abuse. The changes in the neuroinflammatory targets genes associated with alcohol abuse were mostly abolished in the TLR4-KO mice. Our results show the relationship between alcohol intake and miRNAs expression and open up new therapeutically targets to prevent deleterious effects of alcohol on the brain.
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Rudra P, Shi WJ, Russell P, Vestal B, Tabakoff B, Hoffman P, Kechris K, Saba L. Predictive modeling of miRNA-mediated predisposition to alcohol-related phenotypes in mouse. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:639. [PMID: 30157779 PMCID: PMC6114181 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that bind messenger RNAs and promote their degradation or repress their translation. There is increasing evidence of miRNAs playing an important role in alcohol related disorders. However, the role of miRNAs as mediators of the genetic effect on alcohol phenotypes is not fully understood. We conducted a high-throughput sequencing study to measure miRNA expression levels in alcohol naïve animals in the LXS panel of recombinant inbred (RI) mouse strains. We then combined the sequencing data with genotype data, microarry gene expression data, and data on alcohol-related behavioral phenotypes such as 'Drinking in the dark', 'Sleep time', and 'Low dose activation' from the same RI panel. SNP-miRNA-gene triplets with strong association within the triplet that were also associated with one of the 4 alcohol phenotypes were selected and a Bayesian network analysis was used to aggregate results into a directed network model. RESULTS We found several triplets with strong association within the triplet that were also associated with one of the alcohol phenotypes. The Bayesian network analysis found two networks where a miRNA mediates the genetic effect on the alcohol phenotype. The miRNAs were found to influence the expression of protein-coding genes, which in turn influences the quantitative phenotypes. The pathways in which these genes are enriched have been previously associated with alcohol-related traits. CONCLUSION This work enhances association studies by identifying miRNAs that may be mediating the association between genetic markers (SNPs) and the alcohol phenotypes. It suggests a mechanism of how genetic variants are affecting traits of interest through the modification of miRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratyaydipta Rudra
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, 80045 CO USA
| | - Wen J. Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045 CO USA
| | - Pamela Russell
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, 80045 CO USA
| | - Brian Vestal
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, 80206 CO USA
| | - Boris Tabakoff
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045 CO USA
| | - Paula Hoffman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045 CO USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045 CO USA
| | - Katerina Kechris
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, 80045 CO USA
| | - Laura Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045 CO USA
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Yang Y, Alderman C, Sehlaoui A, Xiao Y, Wang W. MicroRNAs as Immunotherapy Targets for Treating Gastroenterological Cancers. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 2018:9740357. [PMID: 30046565 PMCID: PMC6038585 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9740357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroenterological cancers are the most common cancers categorized by systems and are estimated to comprise 18.4% of all cancers in the United States in 2017. Gastroenterological cancers are estimated to contribute 26.2% of cancer-related death in 2017. Gastroenterological cancers are characterized by late diagnosis, metastasis, high recurrence, and being refractory to current therapies. Since the current targeted therapies provide limited benefit to the overall response and survival, there is an urgent need for developing novel therapeutic strategy to improve the outcome of gastroenterological cancers. Immunotherapy has been developed and underwent clinical trials, but displayed limited therapeutic benefit. Since aberrant expressions of miRNAs are found in gastroenterological cancers and miRNAs have been shown to regulate antitumor immunity, the combination therapy combining the traditional antibody-based immunotherapy and novel miRNA-based immunotherapy is promising for achieving clinical success. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs that exhibit immunoregulatory roles in gastroenterological cancers and precancerous diseases of digestive system, as well as the miRNA-based clinical trials for gastroenterological cancers. This review also analyzes the ongoing challenge of identifying appropriate therapy candidates for complex and dynamic tumor microenvironment, ensuring efficient and targeted delivery to specific cancer tissues, and developing strategy for avoiding off-target effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Yang
- College of Natural, Applied and Health Sciences, Kean University, 100 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Christopher Alderman
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ayoub Sehlaoui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University, 1 Kellogg Circle, Emporia, KS 66801, USA
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University, 1 Kellogg Circle, Emporia, KS 66801, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery III, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China
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Iancu OD, Colville AM, Wilmot B, Searles R, Darakjian P, Zheng C, McWeeney S, Kawane S, Crabbe JC, Metten P, Oberbeck D, Hitzemann R. Gender-Specific Effects of Selection for Drinking in the Dark on the Network Roles of Coding and Noncoding RNAs. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1454-1465. [PMID: 29786871 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcriptional differences between heterogeneous stock mice and high drinking-in-the-dark selected mouse lines have previously been described based on microarray technology coupled with network-based analysis. The network changes were reproducible in 2 independent selections and largely confined to 2 distinct network modules; in contrast, differential expression appeared more specific to each selected line. This study extends these results by utilizing RNA-Seq technology, allowing evaluation of the relationship between genetic risk and transcription of noncoding RNA (ncRNA); we additionally evaluate sex-specific transcriptional effects of selection. METHODS Naïve mice (N = 24/group and sex) were utilized for gene expression analysis in the ventral striatum; the transcriptome was sequenced with the Illumina HiSeq platform. Differential gene expression and the weighted gene co-expression network analysis were implemented largely as described elsewhere, resulting in the identification of genes that change expression level or (co)variance structure. RESULTS Across both sexes, we detect selection effects on the extracellular matrix and synaptic signaling, although the identity of individual genes varies. A majority of nc RNAs cluster in a single module of relatively low density in both the male and female network. The most strongly differentially expressed transcript in both sexes was Gm22513, a small nuclear RNA with unknown function. Associated with selection, we also found a number of network hubs that change edge strength and connectivity. At the individual gene level, there are many sex-specific effects; however, at the annotation level, results are more concordant. CONCLUSIONS In addition to demonstrating sex-specific effects of selection on the transcriptome, the data point to the involvement of extracellular matrix genes as being associated with the binge drinking phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu Dan Iancu
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Alex M Colville
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Beth Wilmot
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Robert Searles
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Priscila Darakjian
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Christina Zheng
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Shannon McWeeney
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sunita Kawane
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - John C Crabbe
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,VA Portland Health Care System , Portland, Oregon
| | - Pamela Metten
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,VA Portland Health Care System , Portland, Oregon
| | - Denesa Oberbeck
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Robert Hitzemann
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Vestal B, Russell P, Radcliffe R, Bemis L, Saba L, Kechris K. miRNA-regulated transcription associated with mouse strains predisposed to hypnotic effects of ethanol. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e00989. [PMID: 30106247 PMCID: PMC5991579 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studying innate sensitivity to ethanol can be an important first step toward understanding alcohol use disorders. In brain, we investigated transcripts, with evidence of miRNA modulation related to a predisposition to the hypnotic effect of ethanol, as measured by loss of righting reflex (LORR). METHODS Expression of miRNAs (12 samples) and expression of mRNAs (353 samples) in brain were independently analyzed for an association with LORR in mice from the LXS recombinant inbred panel gathered across several small studies. These results were then integrated via a meta-analysis of miRNA-mRNA target pairs identified in miRNA-target interaction databases. RESULTS We found 112 significant miRNA-mRNA pairs where a large majority of miRNAs and mRNAs were highly interconnected. Most pairs indicated a pattern of increased levels of miRNAs and reduced levels of mRNAs being associated with more alcohol-sensitive strains. For example, CaMKIIn1 was targeted by multiple miRNAs associated with LORR. CAMK2N1 is an inhibitor of CAMK2, which among other functions, phosphorylates, or binds to GABAA and NMDA receptors. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a novel role of miRNA-mediated regulation of an inhibitor of CAMK2 and its downstream targets including the GABAA and NMDA receptors, which have been previously implicated to have a role in ethanol-induced sedation and sensitivity.
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MESH Headings
- Alcoholism/genetics
- Animals
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ethanol/pharmacology
- Female
- GABA-A Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
- Hypnotics and Sedatives/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, GABA-A/drug effects
- Receptors, GABA-A/genetics
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/genetics
- Reflex, Righting/drug effects
- Reflex, Righting/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Vestal
- Center for Genes, Environment and HealthNational Jewish HealthDenverColorado
- Department of Biostatistics and InformaticsUniversity of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColorado
| | - P. Russell
- Department of Biostatistics and InformaticsUniversity of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColorado
| | - R.A. Radcliffe
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColorado
| | - L. Bemis
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Minnesota Medical School Duluth CampusDuluthMinnesota
| | - L.M. Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColorado
| | - K. Kechris
- Department of Biostatistics and InformaticsUniversity of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColorado
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Nonprotein-coding RNAs in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 157:299-342. [PMID: 29933954 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early developmental exposure to ethanol, a known teratogen, can result in a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, collectively referred to as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs). Changes in the environment, including exposure to teratogens, can result in long term alterations to the epigenetic landscape of a cell, thereby altering gene expression. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) can affect transcription and translation of networks of genes. ncRNAs are dynamically expressed during development and have been identified as a target of alcohol. ncRNAs therefore make for attractive targets for novel therapeutics to address the developmental deficits associated with FASDs.
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Miguel-Hidalgo JJ. Molecular Neuropathology of Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes in Alcohol Use Disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:78. [PMID: 29615864 PMCID: PMC5869926 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Postmortem studies reveal structural and molecular alterations of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in both the gray and white matter (GM and WM) of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in human subjects with chronic alcohol abuse or dependence. These glial cellular changes appear to parallel and may largely explain structural and functional alterations detected using neuroimaging techniques in subjects with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Moreover, due to the crucial roles of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in neurotransmission and signal conduction, these cells are very likely major players in the molecular mechanisms underpinning alcoholism-related connectivity disturbances between the PFC and relevant interconnecting brain regions. The glia-mediated etiology of alcohol-related brain damage is likely multifactorial since metabolic, hormonal, hepatic and hemodynamic factors as well as direct actions of ethanol or its metabolites have the potential to disrupt distinct aspects of glial neurobiology. Studies in animal models of alcoholism and postmortem human brains have identified astrocyte markers altered in response to significant exposures to ethanol or during alcohol withdrawal, such as gap-junction proteins, glutamate transporters or enzymes related to glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism. Changes in these proteins and their regulatory pathways would not only cause GM neuronal dysfunction, but also disturbances in the ability of WM axons to convey impulses. In addition, alcoholism alters the expression of astrocyte and myelin proteins and of oligodendrocyte transcription factors important for the maintenance and plasticity of myelin sheaths in WM and GM. These changes are concomitant with epigenetic DNA and histone modifications as well as alterations in regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) that likely cause profound disturbances of gene expression and protein translation. Knowledge is also available about interactions between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes not only at the Nodes of Ranvier (NR), but also in gap junction-based astrocyte-oligodendrocyte contacts and other forms of cell-to-cell communication now understood to be critical for the maintenance and formation of myelin. Close interactions between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes also suggest that therapies for alcoholism based on a specific glial cell type pathology will require a better understanding of molecular interactions between different cell types, as well as considering the possibility of using combined molecular approaches for more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J Miguel-Hidalgo
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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75
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Gillet V, Hunting DJ, Takser L. Turing Revisited: Decoding the microRNA Messages in Brain Extracellular Vesicles for Early Detection of Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Curr Environ Health Rep 2018; 3:188-201. [PMID: 27301443 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-016-0093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The prevention of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) of prenatal origin suffers from the lack of objective tools for early detection of susceptible individuals and the long time lag, usually in years, between the neurotoxic exposure and the diagnosis of mental dysfunction. Human data on the effects of alcohol, lead, and mercury and experimental data from animals on developmental neurotoxins and their long-term behavioral effects have achieved a critical mass, leading to the concept of the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD). However, there is currently no way to evaluate the degree of brain damage early after birth. We propose that extracellular vesicles (EVs) and particularly exosomes, released by brain cells into the fetal blood, may offer us a non-invasive means of assessing brain damage by neurotoxins. We are inspired by the strategy applied by Alan Turing (a cryptanalyst working for the British government), who created a first computer to decrypt German intelligence communications during World War II. Given the growing evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs), which are among the molecules carried by EVs, are involved in cell-cell communication, we propose that decrypting messages from EVs can allow us to detect damage thus offering an opportunity to cure, reverse, or prevent the development of NDD. This review summarizes recent findings on miRNAs associated with selected environmental toxicants known to be involved in the pathophysiology of NDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Gillet
- Département Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et Sciences de la Santé de l'Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, J1H 5N4
| | - Darel John Hunting
- Département Radiobiologie, Faculté de Médecine et Sciences de la Santé de l'Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, J1H 5N4
| | - Larissa Takser
- Département Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et Sciences de la Santé de l'Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, J1H 5N4.
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76
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Rao PSS, O'Connell K, Finnerty TK. Potential Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathophysiology of Drug Addiction. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:6906-6913. [PMID: 29363042 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles secreted by cells and are known to carry sub-cellular components including microRNA, proteins, and lipids. Due to their ability to transport cargo between cells, EVs have been identified as important regulators of various pathophysiological conditions and can therefore influence treatment outcomes. In particular, the significance of microRNAs in EV-mediated cell-cell communication is well-documented. While the influence of EVs and the cargo delivered by EVs has been extensively reviewed in other neurological disorders, the available literature on the potential role of EVs in the pathophysiology of drug addiction has not been reviewed. Hence, in this article, the known effects of commonly abused drugs (ethanol, nicotine, opiates, cocaine, and cannabinoids) on EV secretion have been reviewed. In addition, the potential role of drugs of abuse in affecting the delivery of EV-packaged microRNAs, and the subsequent impact on neuronal health and continued drug dependence, has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S S Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Findlay, 1000 N. Main Street, Findlay, OH, 45840, USA.
| | - Kelly O'Connell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Findlay, 1000 N. Main Street, Findlay, OH, 45840, USA
| | - Thomas Kyle Finnerty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Findlay, 1000 N. Main Street, Findlay, OH, 45840, USA
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Long-term ethanol exposure: Temporal pattern of microRNA expression and associated mRNA gene networks in mouse brain. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190841. [PMID: 29315347 PMCID: PMC5760035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term alcohol use can result in lasting changes in brain function, ultimately leading to alcohol dependence. These functional alterations arise from dysregulation of complex gene networks, and growing evidence implicates microRNAs as key regulators of these networks. We examined time- and brain region-dependent changes in microRNA expression after chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure in C57BL/6J mice. Animals were sacrificed at 0, 8, and 120h following the last exposure to four weekly cycles of CIE vapor and we measured microRNA expression in prefrontal cortex (PFC), nucleus accumbens (NAC), and amygdala (AMY). The number of detected (395–419) and differentially expressed (DE, 42–47) microRNAs was similar within each brain region. However, the DE microRNAs were distinct among brain regions and across time within each brain region. DE microRNAs were linked with their DE mRNA targets across each brain region. In all brain regions, the greatest number of DE mRNA targets occurred at the 0 or 8h time points and these changes were associated with microRNAs DE at 0 or 8h. Two separate approaches (discrete temporal association and hierarchical clustering) were combined with pathway analysis to further characterize the temporal relationships between DE microRNAs and their 120h DE targets. We focused on targets dysregulated at 120h as this time point represents a state of protracted withdrawal known to promote an increase in subsequent ethanol consumption. Discrete temporal association analysis identified networks with highly connected genes including ERK1/2 (mouse equivalent Mapk3, Mapk1), Bcl2 (in AMY networks) and Srf (in PFC networks). Similarly, the cluster-based analysis identified hub genes that include Bcl2 (in AMY networks) and Srf in PFC networks, demonstrating robust microRNA-mRNA network alterations in response to CIE exposure. In contrast, datasets utilizing targets from 0 and 8h microRNAs identified NF-kB-centered networks (in NAC and PFC), and Smad3-centered networks (in AMY). These results demonstrate that CIE exposure results in dynamic and complex temporal changes in microRNA-mRNA gene network structure.
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78
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Lee M, Cho H, Jung SH, Yim SH, Cho SM, Chun JW, Paik SH, Park YE, Cheon DH, Lee JE, Choi JS, Kim DJ, Chung YJ. Circulating MicroRNA Expression Levels Associated With Internet Gaming Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:81. [PMID: 29593587 PMCID: PMC5858605 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addictive use of the Internet and online games is a potential psychiatric disorder termed Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Altered microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles have been reported in blood and brain tissue of patients with certain psychiatric disorders and suggested as biomarkers. However, there have been no reports on blood miRNA profiles in IGD. METHODS To discover IGD-associated miRNAs, we analyzed the miRNA expression profiles of 51 samples (25 IGD and 26 controls) using the TaqMan Low Density miRNA Array. For validation, we performed quantitative reverse transcription PCR with 36 independent samples (20 IGD and 16 controls). RESULTS Through discovery and independent validation, we identified three miRNAs (hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-26b-5p, hsa-miR-652-3p) that were significantly downregulated in the IGD group. Individuals with all three miRNA alterations had a much higher risk of IGD than those with no alteration [odds ratio (OR) 22, 95% CI 2.29-211.11], and the ORs increased dose dependently with number of altered miRNAs. The predicted target genes of the three miRNAs were associated with neural pathways. We explored the protein expression of the three downstream target genes by western blot and confirmed that expression of GABRB2 and DPYSL2 was significantly higher in the IGD group. CONCLUSION We observed that expressions of hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-26b-5p, and hsa-miR-652-3p were downregulated in the IGD patients. Our results will be helpful to understand the pathophysiology of IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minho Lee
- Catholic Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Cho
- Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Jung
- Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Evolution Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Yim
- Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Min Cho
- Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Won Chun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Paik
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yae Eun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Huey Cheon
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dai-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Catholic Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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79
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Sim MS, Soga T, Pandy V, Wu YS, Parhar IS, Mohamed Z. MicroRNA expression signature of methamphetamine use and addiction in the rat nucleus accumbens. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1767-1783. [PMID: 28681200 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psycho-stimulant that induces behavioral changes due to high level of METH-induced dopamine in the brain. Nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an important role in these changes, especially in drug addiction. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms of METH-induced addiction. The objective of this study was to establish a behavioral model of METH use and addiction using escalating doses of METH over 15 days and to determine the global miRNA expression profiling in NAc of METH-addicted rats. In the behavioral study, the experimental rats were divided into 3 groups of 9 each: a control group, a single dose METH (5 mg/kg) treatment group and a continuous 15 alternate days METH (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mg/kg) treatment group. Following that, six rats in each group were randomly selected for global miRNA profiling. Addiction behavior in rats was established using Conditioned Place Preference task. The analysis of the miRNA profiling in the NAc was performed using Affymetric microarray GeneChip® System. The findings indicated that a continuous 15 alternate days METH treatment rats showed a preference for the drug-paired compartment of the CPP. However, a one-time acute treatment with 5 mg/kg METH did not show any significant difference in preference when compared with controls. Differential profiling of miRNAs indicated that 166 miRNAs were up-regulated and 4 down-regulated in the chronic METH-treatment group when compared to controls. In comparing the chronic treatment group with the acute treatment group, 52 miRNAs were shown to be up-regulated and 7 were down-regulated. MiRNAs including miR-496-3p, miR-194-5p, miR-200b-3p and miR-181a-5p, were found to be significantly associated with METH addiction. Canonical pathway analysis revealed that a high number of METH addiction-related miRNAs play important roles in the MAPK, CREB, G-Protein Couple Receptor and GnRH Signaling pathways. Our results suggest that dynamic changes occur in the expression of miRNAs following METH exposure and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maw Shin Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Tomoko Soga
- Brain Research Institute, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vijayapandi Pandy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ishwar S Parhar
- Brain Research Institute, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zahurin Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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80
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Marie-Claire C, Jourdaine C, Lépine JP, Bellivier F, Bloch V, Vorspan F. Pharmacoepigenomics of opiates and methadone maintenance treatment: current data and perspectives. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:1359-1372. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatments of opioid addiction include primarily maintenance medications such as methadone. Chronic exposure to opiate and/or long-lasting maintenance treatment induce modulations of gene expression in brain and peripheral tissues. There is increasing evidence that epigenetic modifications underlie these modulations. This review summarizes published results on opioid-induced epigenetic changes in animal models and in patients. The epigenetic modifications observed with other drugs of abuse often used by opiate abusers are also outlined. Specific methadone maintenance treatment induced epigenetic modifications at different treatment stages may be combined with the ones resulting from patients’ substance use history. Therefore, research comparing groups of addicts with similar history and substances use disorders but contrasting for well-characterized treatment phenotypes should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Marie-Claire
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERMU1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris/Université Paris Descartes/Université ParisDiderot/Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Clément Jourdaine
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis – Lariboisière – F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Lépine
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis – Lariboisière – F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERMU1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris/Université Paris Descartes/Université ParisDiderot/Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis – Lariboisière – F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - Vanessa Bloch
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERMU1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris/Université Paris Descartes/Université ParisDiderot/Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Florence Vorspan
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERMU1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris/Université Paris Descartes/Université ParisDiderot/Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis – Lariboisière – F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
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81
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Cabana-Domínguez J, Roncero C, Pineda-Cirera L, Palma-Álvarez RF, Ros-Cucurull E, Grau-López L, Esojo A, Casas M, Arenas C, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Ribasés M, Fernàndez-Castillo N, Cormand B. Association of the PLCB1 gene with drug dependence. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10110. [PMID: 28860459 PMCID: PMC5579249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10207-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors involved in the susceptibility to drug addiction still remain largely unknown. MiRNAs seem to play key roles in the drug-induced plasticity of the brain that likely drives the emergence of addiction. In this work we explored the role of miRNAs in drug addiction. With this aim, we selected 62 SNPs located in the 3'UTR of target genes that are predicted to alter the binding of miRNA molecules and performed a case-control association study in a Spanish sample of 735 cases (mainly cocaine-dependent subjects with multiple drug dependencies) and 739 controls. We found an association between rs1047383 in the PLCB1 gene and drug dependence that was replicated in an independent sample (663 cases and 667 controls). Then we selected 9 miRNAs predicted to bind the rs1047383 region, but none of them showed any effect on PLCB1 expression. We also assessed two miRNAs binding a region that contains a SNP in linkage disequilibrium with rs1047383, but although one of them, hsa-miR-582, was found to downregulate PLCB1, no differences were observed between alleles. Finally, we explored the possibility that PLCB1 expression is altered by cocaine and we observed a significant upregulation of the gene in the nucleus accumbens of cocaine abusers and in human dopaminergic-like neurons after cocaine treatment. Our results, together with previous studies, suggest that PLCB1 participates in the susceptibility to drug dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Cabana-Domínguez
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carlos Roncero
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit Vall Hebron, Psychiatric Services, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron-ASPB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laura Pineda-Cirera
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - R Felipe Palma-Álvarez
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit Vall Hebron, Psychiatric Services, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron-ASPB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elena Ros-Cucurull
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit Vall Hebron, Psychiatric Services, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron-ASPB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lara Grau-López
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit Vall Hebron, Psychiatric Services, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron-ASPB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Abderaman Esojo
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit Vall Hebron, Psychiatric Services, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron-ASPB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Casas
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Concepció Arenas
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Bru Cormand
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.
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Determining causal miRNAs and their signaling cascade in diseases using an influence diffusion model. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8133. [PMID: 28811509 PMCID: PMC5557952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08125-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent studies, miRNAs have been found to be extremely influential in many of the essential biological processes. They exhibit a self-regulatory mechanism through which they act as positive/negative regulators of expression of genes and other miRNAs. This has direct implications in the regulation of various pathophysiological conditions, signaling pathways and different types of cancers. Studying miRNA-disease associations has been an extensive area of research; however deciphering miRNA-miRNA network regulatory patterns in several diseases remains a challenge. In this study, we use information diffusion theory to quantify the influence diffusion in a miRNA-miRNA regulation network across multiple disease categories. Our proposed methodology determines the critical disease specific miRNAs which play a causal role in their signaling cascade and hence may regulate disease progression. We extensively validate our framework using existing computational tools from the literature. Furthermore, we implement our framework on a comprehensive miRNA expression data set for alcohol dependence and identify the causal miRNAs for alcohol-dependency in patients which were validated by the phase-shift in their expression scores towards the early stages of the disease. Finally, our computational framework for identifying causal miRNAs implicated in diseases is available as a free online tool for the greater scientific community.
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83
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Boone DK, Weisz HA, Bi M, Falduto MT, Torres KEO, Willey HE, Volsko CM, Kumar AM, Micci MA, Dewitt DS, Prough DS, Hellmich HL. Evidence linking microRNA suppression of essential prosurvival genes with hippocampal cell death after traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6645. [PMID: 28751711 PMCID: PMC5532254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The underlying molecular mechanisms of how dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) cause neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain elusive. Here we analyzed the biological roles of approximately 600 genes - we previously found these dysregulated in dying and surviving rat hippocampal neurons - that are targeted by ten TBI-altered miRNAs. Bioinformatic analysis suggests that neurodegeneration results from a global miRNA-mediated suppression of genes essential for maintaining proteostasis; many are hub genes - involved in RNA processing, cytoskeletal metabolism, intracellular trafficking, cell cycle progression, repair/maintenance, bioenergetics and cell-cell signaling - whose disrupted expression is linked to human disease. Notably, dysregulation of these essential genes would significantly impair synaptic function and functional brain connectivity. In surviving neurons, upregulated miRNA target genes are co-regulated members of prosurvival pathways associated with cellular regeneration, neural plasticity, and development. This study captures the diversity of miRNA-regulated genes that may be essential for cell repair and survival responses after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Kennedy Boone
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Harris A Weisz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Min Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Hannah E Willey
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Christina M Volsko
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Anjali M Kumar
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria-Adelaide Micci
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Douglas S Dewitt
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Donald S Prough
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Helen L Hellmich
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
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84
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Chen X, Long F, Cai B, Chen X, Chen G. A novel relationship for schizophrenia, bipolar and major depressive disorder Part 5: a hint from chromosome 5 high density association screen. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:2473-2491. [PMID: 28559998 PMCID: PMC5446530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Familial clustering of schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BPD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) was systematically reported (Aukes, M. F. Genet Med 2012, 14, 338-341) and any two or even three of these disorders could co-exist in some families. In addition, evidence from symptomatology and psychopharmacology also imply that there are intrinsic connections between these three major disorders. A total of 56,569 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) on chromosome 5 were genotyped by Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP array 6.0 on 119 SCZ, 253 BPD (type-I), 177 MDD patients and 1000 controls. Associated SNPs and flanking genes was screen out systematically, and cadherin pathway genes (CDH6, CDH9, CDH10, CDH12, and CDH18) belong to outstanding genes. Unexpectedly, nearly all flanking genes of the associated SNPs distinctive for BPD and MDD were replicated in an enlarged cohort of 986 SCZ patients (P ≤ 9.9E-8). Considering multiple bits of evidence, our chromosome 5 analyses implicated that bipolar and major depressive disorder might be subtypes of schizophrenia rather than two independent disease entities. Also, cadherin pathway genes play important roles in the pathogenesis of the three major mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Long
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Cai
- Capital Bio Corporation18 Life Science Parkway, Changping District, Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Capital Bio Corporation18 Life Science Parkway, Changping District, Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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85
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Emerging roles for ncRNAs in alcohol use disorders. Alcohol 2017; 60:31-39. [PMID: 28438526 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol exposure produces widespread neuroadaptations and alterations in gene expression in human alcoholics and animal models. Technological advances in the past decade have increasingly highlighted the role of non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the regulation of gene expression and function. These recently characterized molecules were discovered to mediate diverse processes in the central nervous system, from normal development and physiology to regulation of disease, including alcoholism and other psychiatric disorders. This review will investigate the recent studies in human alcoholics and rodent models that have profiled different classes of ncRNAs and their dynamic alcohol-dependent regulation in brain.
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86
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Chastain LG, Sarkar DK. Alcohol effects on the epigenome in the germline: Role in the inheritance of alcohol-related pathology. Alcohol 2017; 60:53-66. [PMID: 28431793 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol exposure has severe health consequences, and clinical and animal studies have demonstrated that disruptions in the epigenome of somatic cells, such as those in brain, are an important factor in the development of alcohol-related pathologies, such as alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). It is also well known that alcohol-related health problems are passed down across generations in human populations, but the complete mechanisms for this phenomenon are currently unknown. Recent studies in animal models have suggested that epigenetic factors are also responsible for the transmission of alcohol-related pathologies across generations. Alcohol exposure has been shown to induce changes in the epigenome of sperm of exposed male animals, and these epimutations are inherited in the offspring. This paper reviews evidence for multigenerational and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of alcohol-related pathology through the germline. We also review the literature on the epigenetic effects of alcohol exposure on somatic cells in brain, and its contribution to AUDs and FASDs. We note gaps in knowledge in this field, such as the lack of clinical studies in human populations and the lack of data on epigenetic inheritance via the female germline, and we suggest future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy G Chastain
- The Endocrine Program, Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 67 Poultry Lane, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Dipak K Sarkar
- The Endocrine Program, Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 67 Poultry Lane, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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87
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Mahnke AH, Miranda RC, Homanics GE. Epigenetic mediators and consequences of excessive alcohol consumption. Alcohol 2017; 60:1-6. [PMID: 28395929 PMCID: PMC5439216 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.02.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda H Mahnke
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, United States.
| | - Rajesh C Miranda
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Gregg E Homanics
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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88
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Crews FT, Walter TJ, Coleman LG, Vetreno RP. Toll-like receptor signaling and stages of addiction. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1483-1498. [PMID: 28210782 PMCID: PMC5420377 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Athina Markou and her colleagues discovered persistent changes in adult behavior following adolescent exposure to ethanol or nicotine consistent with increased risk for developing addiction. Building on Dr. Markou's important work and that of others in the field, researchers at the Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies have found that persistent changes in behavior following adolescent stress or alcohol exposure may be linked to induction of immune signaling in brain. AIM This study aims to illuminate the critical interrelationship of the innate immune system (e.g., toll-like receptors [TLRs], high-mobility group box 1 [HMGB1]) in the neurobiology of addiction. METHOD This study reviews the relevant research regarding the relationship between the innate immune system and addiction. CONCLUSION Emerging evidence indicates that TLRs in brain, particularly those on microglia, respond to endogenous innate immune agonists such as HMGB1 and microRNAs (miRNAs). Multiple TLRs, HMGB1, and miRNAs are induced in the brain by stress, alcohol, and other drugs of abuse and are increased in the postmortem human alcoholic brain. Enhanced TLR-innate immune signaling in brain leads to epigenetic modifications, alterations in synaptic plasticity, and loss of neuronal cell populations, which contribute to cognitive and emotive dysfunctions. Addiction involves progressive stages of drug binges and intoxication, withdrawal-negative affect, and ultimately compulsive drug use and abuse. Toll-like receptor signaling within cortical-limbic circuits is modified by alcohol and stress in a manner consistent with promoting progression through the stages of addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulton T Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - T Jordan Walter
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Leon G Coleman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ryan P Vetreno
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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89
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Kiang JG. Exacerbation of Mild Hypoxia on Acute Radiation Syndrome and Subsequent Mortality. ADAPTIVE MEDICINE 2017; 9:28-33. [PMID: 34616568 PMCID: PMC8491646 DOI: 10.4247/am.2017.abg170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mild hypoxia induced by 20% hemorrhage results in increases in few cytokine concentrations and sclerostin levels in blood, but shows no changes in bone formation, bone marrow cellularity, and gastrointestinal (GI) integrity and no systemic bacterial infection as well as no subsequent mortality. On the other hand, severe hypoxia induced by 40% hemorrhage causes significant increases in most cytokine concentrations, GI injury, lung injury, systemic bacterial infection, cellular ATP reduction and subsequent mortality. The severe hypoxia drastically damages GI and lung morphology, elevates cytokine concentrations in blood and increases inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in cells that is mediated by transcription factors NF-κB/NF-IL6, subsequently producing free radicals that disrupt mitochondria. ATP depletion, p53 phosphorylation, and caspase-3 activation are found, suggesting cell apoptosis. As a result, mortality occurs. However, when mild hypoxia follows ionizing radiation, the mild hypoxia significantly enhances radiation-induced mortality and acute radiation syndrome, including injury of bone marrow, GI, kidney, and lung. The synergism also occurs at the molecular level, resulting in alteration of microRNAs, amplification of iNOS expression, cytokine increases, sepsis, and ATP depletion. This is the first demonstration of synergistic effects between mild hypoxia and ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliann G Kiang
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Department of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
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90
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Warden AS, Mayfield RD. Gene expression profiling in the human alcoholic brain. Neuropharmacology 2017; 122:161-174. [PMID: 28254370 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Long-term alcohol use causes widespread changes in gene expression in the human brain. Aberrant gene expression changes likely contribute to the progression from occasional alcohol use to alcohol use disorder (including alcohol dependence). Transcriptome studies have identified individual gene candidates that are linked to alcohol-dependence phenotypes. The use of bioinformatics techniques to examine expression datasets has provided novel systems-level approaches to transcriptome profiling in human postmortem brain. These analytical advances, along with recent developments in next-generation sequencing technology, have been instrumental in detecting both known and novel coding and non-coding RNAs, alternative splicing events, and cell-type specific changes that may contribute to alcohol-related pathologies. This review offers an integrated perspective on alcohol-responsive transcriptional changes in the human brain underlying the regulatory gene networks that contribute to alcohol dependence. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Alcoholism".
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Warden
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C7000, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway, A4800, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - R Dayne Mayfield
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway, A4800, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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91
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Wang Z, Song J, Zhang L, Huang S, Bao L, Chen F, Zhao X. Increased expression of microRNA-378a-5p in acute ethanol exposure of rat cardiomyocytes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:245-252. [PMID: 28160209 PMCID: PMC5352598 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0760-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol abuse is a risk factor for a distinct form of congestive heart failure, known as alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Here, we investigate how microRNAs may participate in the induction of cardiomyocyte apoptosis associated with ethanol exposure in vitro. Increasing the concentrations of ethanol to primary rat cardiomyocytes resulted in elevated apoptosis assessed by annexin V and propidium iodide staining, and reduced expression of an enzyme for alcohol detoxification aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). These ethanol effects were accompanied by a substantial elevation of miR-378a-5p. Driving miR-378a-5p overexpression in cardiomyocytes decreased ALDH2. The specific interaction of miR-378a-5p with the 3'UTR of ALDH2 was examined by luciferase reporter assays, and we found that miR-378a-5p activity depends on a complementary base pairing at the 3'-UTR region of ALDH2 mRNA. Finally, ethanol-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes was attenuated in the presence of anti-miR378a-5p. Collectively, these data implicate a likely involvement of miR-378a-5p in the stimulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis through ALDH2 gene suppression, which might play a potential role in the pathogenesis of ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkai Wang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jingwen Song
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Songqun Huang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lizhi Bao
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xianxian Zhao
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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92
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The role of neuroimmune signaling in alcoholism. Neuropharmacology 2017; 122:56-73. [PMID: 28159648 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption and stress increase brain levels of known innate immune signaling molecules. Microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, and neurons respond to alcohol, signaling through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), miRNAs, pro-inflammatory cytokines and their associated receptors involved in signaling between microglia, other glia and neurons. Repeated cycles of alcohol and stress cause a progressive, persistent induction of HMGB1, miRNA and TLR receptors in brain that appear to underlie the progressive and persistent loss of behavioral control, increased impulsivity and anxiety, as well as craving, coupled with increasing ventral striatal responses that promote reward seeking behavior and increase risk of developing alcohol use disorders. Studies employing anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant, and innate immune antagonists further link innate immune gene expression to addiction-like behaviors. Innate immune molecules are novel targets for addiction and affective disorders therapies. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Alcoholism".
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93
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Coleman LG, Zou J, Crews FT. Microglial-derived miRNA let-7 and HMGB1 contribute to ethanol-induced neurotoxicity via TLR7. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:22. [PMID: 28118842 PMCID: PMC5264311 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0799-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is emerging as an important component of neurodegeneration. TLR7 senses viral RNA and certain endogenous miRNAs to initiate innate immune responses leading to neurodegeneration. Alcoholism is associated with hippocampal degeneration, with preclinical studies linking ethanol-induced neurodegeneration with central innate immune induction and TLR activation. The endogenous miRNA let-7b binds TLR7 to cause neurodegeneration. METHODS TLR7 and other immune markers were assessed in postmortem human hippocampal tissue that was obtained from the New South Wales Tissue Bank. Rat hippocampal-entorhinal cortex (HEC) slice culture was used to assess specific effects of ethanol on TLR7, let-7b, and microvesicles. RESULTS We report here that hippocampal tissue from postmortem human alcoholic brains shows increased expression of TLR7 and increased microglial activation. Using HEC slice culture, we found that ethanol induces TLR7 and let-7b expression. Ethanol caused TLR7-associated neuroimmune gene induction and initiated the release let-7b in microvesicles (MVs), enhancing TLR7-mediated neurotoxicity. Further, ethanol increased let-7b binding to the danger signaling molecule high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in MVs, while reducing let-7 binding to classical chaperone protein argonaute (Ago2). Flow cytometric analysis of MVs from HEC media and analysis of MVs from brain cell culture lines found that microglia were the primary source of let-7b and HMGB1-containing MVs. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify that ethanol induces neuroimmune pathology involving the release of let-7b/HMGB1 complexes in microglia-derived microvesicles. This contributes to hippocampal neurodegeneration and may play a role in the pathology of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G Coleman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 104 Manning Drive, 1007 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB# 7178 UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. .,Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 104 Manning Drive, CB#7178, Thurston-Bowles Building Room 1007, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Jian Zou
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 104 Manning Drive, CB#7178, Thurston-Bowles Building Room 1007, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Fulton T Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 104 Manning Drive, CB#7178, Thurston-Bowles Building Room 1007, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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94
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Zhang K, Jing X, Wang G. MicroRNAs as regulators of drug abuse and immunity. Cent Eur J Immunol 2017; 41:426-434. [PMID: 28450806 PMCID: PMC5382888 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2016.65142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20-22 nucleotide non-coding RNAs that participate in gene regulation. They bind to 3'-untranslated regions of their mRNA targets, inhibiting the transcripts' translation and/or destabilizing them. Chronic drug abuse induces changes of miRNAs expression in the brain, which is thought to contribute to addictive behaviors. Lots of miRNAs have been identified to play critical roles in the development of drug addiction. Moreover, miRNAs have been shown to play critical roles in a broad array of biologic processes, including regulation of the cell cycle, oncogenic transformation, immune cell regeneration and differentiation, and psychiatry disorders. We hypothesized that chronic drug abuse leads to aberrant expression of several miRNAs, and then aberrant miRNAs influence the innate and adaptive immunity, especially differentiation and function of T cells and B cells, through down-regulated miRNAs' target gene expression. Characterization of miRNA actions is important and has high potential effect for the management of drug addiction and immunity diseases. miRNAs are potential biomarkers, and the modulation of their expression can be used for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuxiu Jing
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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95
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Heilig M, Barbier E, Johnstone AL, Tapocik J, Meinhardt MW, Pfarr S, Wahlestedt C, Sommer WH. Reprogramming of mPFC transcriptome and function in alcohol dependence. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2017; 16:86-100. [PMID: 27657733 PMCID: PMC5555395 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite its limited immediate reinforcement value, alcohol has a potent ability to induce neuroadaptations that promote its incentive salience, escalation of voluntary alcohol intake and aversion-resistant alcohol seeking. A constellation of these traits, collectively called 'post-dependent', emerges following brain exposure to repeated cycles of intoxication and withdrawal. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and its subdivisions exert top-down regulation of approach and avoidance behaviors, including those that lead to alcohol intake. Here, we review an emerging literature which indicates that a reprogramming of mPFC function occurs with prolonged exposure of the brain to cycles of alcohol intoxication and withdrawal. This reprogramming results in molecular dysregulations that contribute to the post-dependent syndrome. Convergent evidence has identified neuroadaptations resulting in altered glutamatergic and BDNF-mediated signaling, and for these pathways, direct evidence for a mechanistic role has been obtained. Additional evidence points to a dysregulation of pathways involving calcium homeostasis and neurotransmitter release. Recent findings indicate that global DNA hypermethylation is a key factor in reprogramming the mPFC genome after a history of dependence. As one of the results of this epigenetic remodeling, several histone modifying epigenetic enzymes are repressed. Among these, PR-domain zinc-finger protein 2, a methyltransferase that selectively mono-methylates histone H3 at lysine 9 has been functionally validated to drive several of the molecular and behavioral long-term consequences of alcohol dependence. Information processing within the mPFC involves formation of dynamic neuronal networks, or functional ensembles that are shaped by transcriptional responses. The epigenetic dysregulations identified by our molecular studies are likely to alter this dynamic processing in multiple ways. In summary, epigenetic molecular switches in the mPFC appear to be turned on as alcoholism develops. Strategies to reverse these processes may offer targets for disease-modifying treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Heilig
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - E. Barbier
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - A. L. Johnstone
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J. Tapocik
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - M. W. Meinhardt
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S. Pfarr
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - C. Wahlestedt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - W. H. Sommer
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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96
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Novo-Veleiro I, Cieza-Borrella C, Pastor I, Chamorro AJ, Laso FJ, González-Sarmiento R, Marcos M. A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the RASGRF2 Gene Is Associated with Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis in Men. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168685. [PMID: 27992614 PMCID: PMC5167392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic polymorphisms in the RAS gene family are associated with different diseases, which may include alcohol-related disorders. Previous studies showed an association of the allelic variant rs26907 in RASGRF2 gene with higher alcohol intake. Additionally, the rs61764370 polymorphism in the KRAS gene is located in a binding site for the let-7 micro-RNA family, which is potentially involved in alcohol-induced inflammation. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the association between these two polymorphisms and susceptibility to alcoholism or alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Methods We enrolled 301 male alcoholic patients and 156 healthy male volunteers in this study. Polymorphisms were genotyped by using TaqMan® PCR assays for allelic discrimination. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the inheritance model. Results The A allele of the RASGRF2 polymorphism (rs26907) was significantly more prevalent among alcoholic patients with cirrhosis (23.2%) compared to alcoholic patients without ALD (14.2%). This difference remained significant in the group of patients with alcohol dependence (28.8% vs. 14.3%) but not in those with alcohol abuse (15.1% vs. 14.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the A allele of this polymorphism (AA or GA genotype) was associated with alcoholic cirrhosis both in the total group of alcoholics (odds ratio [OR]: 2.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32–4.11; P = 0.002) and in the group of patients with alcohol dependence (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.50–6.20; P = 0.001). Allelic distributions of the KRAS polymorphism (rs61764370) did not differ between the groups. Conclusions To our knowledge, this genetic association study represents the first to show an association of the RASGRF2 G>A (rs26907) polymorphism with ALD in men, particularly in the subgroup of patients with AD. The findings suggest the potential relevance of the RAS gene family in alcoholism and ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Novo-Veleiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Clara Cieza-Borrella
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel Pastor
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonio-Javier Chamorro
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Laso
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- * E-mail:
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97
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Peregud DI, Panchenko LF, Gulyaeva NV. MicroRNA may regulate the content of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the frontal cortex of rats after spontaneous morphine withdrawal. NEUROCHEM J+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712416040085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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98
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Plasma miRNA Profiles in Pregnant Women Predict Infant Outcomes following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165081. [PMID: 27828986 PMCID: PMC5102408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are difficult to diagnose since many heavily exposed infants, at risk for intellectual disability, do not exhibit craniofacial dysmorphology or growth deficits. Consequently, there is a need for biomarkers that predict disability. In both animal models and human studies, alcohol exposure during pregnancy resulted in significant alterations in circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in maternal blood. In the current study, we asked if changes in plasma miRNAs in alcohol-exposed pregnant mothers, either alone or in conjunction with other clinical variables, could predict infant outcomes. Sixty-eight pregnant women at two perinatal care clinics in western Ukraine were recruited into the study. Detailed health and alcohol consumption histories, and 2nd and 3rd trimester blood samples were obtained. Birth cohort infants were assessed by a geneticist and classified as unexposed (UE), heavily prenatally exposed and affected (HEa) or heavily exposed but apparently unaffected (HEua). MiRNAs were assessed in plasma samples using qRT-PCR arrays. ANOVA models identified 11 miRNAs that were all significantly elevated in maternal plasma from the HEa group relative to HEua and UE groups. In a random forest analysis classification model, a combination of high variance miRNAs, smoking history and socioeconomic status classified membership in HEa and UE groups, with a misclassification rate of 13%. The RFA model also classified 17% of the HEua group as UE-like, whereas 83% were HEa-like, at least at one stage of pregnancy. Collectively our data indicate that maternal plasma miRNAs predict infant outcomes, and may be useful to classify difficult-to-diagnose FASD subpopulations.
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Teppen TL, Krishnan HR, Zhang H, Sakharkar AJ, Pandey SC. The Potential Role of Amygdaloid MicroRNA-494 in Alcohol-Induced Anxiolysis. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 80:711-719. [PMID: 26786313 PMCID: PMC4882267 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antianxiety effects of ethanol appear to be a crucial factor in promoting alcohol intake. Regulation of gene expression by microRNA (miRNA) is an important epigenetic mechanism that affects neuronal pathways and behaviors. We investigated the role of miRNAs underlying the mechanisms of ethanol-induced anxiolysis. METHODS Acute ethanol-induced anxiolysis was measured in adult rats, and amygdaloid tissues were used for miRNA profiling by microarray analysis. The expression of miR-494 and its target genes in the amygdala was measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The direct role of miR-494 in the anxiety phenotype was also investigated via infusion of a miR-494 antagomir into the central nucleus of amygdala. RESULTS Microarray profiling of miRNAs in the amygdala showed significant alteration of several miRNA expression levels by acute ethanol exposure. Expression of miR-494 was significantly decreased, whereas expression of the binding protein of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CBP), p300, and Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator 2 (Cited2) was increased in the amygdala during ethanol-induced anxiolysis. Inhibition of miR-494 in the central nucleus of amygdala, through infusion of a specific antagomir, provoked anxiolysis, mimicking the action of ethanol. Also, expression of Cited2, CBP, and p300 as well as histone H3-lysine 9 acetylation was significantly increased by miR-494 antagomir infusion, indicating their regulation by miR-494 in the amygdala. CONCLUSIONS These novel results suggest that acute ethanol-induced reduction in miR-494 expression in the amygdala can serve as a key regulatory mechanism for chromatin remodeling possibly leading to anxiolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L. Teppen
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Harish R. Krishnan
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Huaibo Zhang
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Amul J. Sakharkar
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Subhash C. Pandey
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612,Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612
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100
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Montesinos J, Alfonso-Loeches S, Guerri C. Impact of the Innate Immune Response in the Actions of Ethanol on the Central Nervous System. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2016; 40:2260-2270. [PMID: 27650785 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune response in the central nervous system (CNS) participates in both synaptic plasticity and neural damage. Emerging evidence from human and animal studies supports the role of the neuroimmune system response in many actions of ethanol (EtOH) on the CNS. Research studies have shown that alcohol stimulates brain immune cells, microglia, and astrocytes, by activating innate immune receptors Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (inflammasome NLRs) triggering signaling pathways, which culminate in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that lead to neuroinflammation. This review focuses on evidence that indicates the participation of TLRs and the inflammasome NLRs signaling response in many effects of EtOH on the CNS, such as neuroinflammation associated with brain damage, cognitive and behavioral dysfunction, and adolescent brain development alterations. It also reviews findings that indicate the role of TLR4-dependent signaling immune molecules in alcohol consumption, reward, and addiction. The research data suggest that overactivation of TLR4 or NLRs increases pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators to cause neural damage in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, while modest TLR4 activation, along with the generation of certain cytokines and chemokines in specific brain areas (e.g., amygdala, ventral tegmental area), modulate neurotransmission, alcohol drinking, and alcohol rewards. Elimination of TLR4 and NLRP3 abolishes many neuroimmune effects of EtOH. Despite much progress being made in this area, there are some research gaps and unanswered questions that this review discusses. Finally, potential therapies that target neuroimmune pathways to treat neuropathological and behavioral consequences of alcohol abuse are also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Montesinos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of Alcohol, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Alfonso-Loeches
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of Alcohol, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Guerri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of Alcohol, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain.
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