101
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From membrane receptors to protein synthesis and actin cytoskeleton: Mechanisms underlying long lasting forms of synaptic plasticity. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 95:120-129. [PMID: 30634048 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity, the activity dependent change in synaptic strength, forms the molecular foundation of learning and memory. Synaptic plasticity includes structural changes, with spines changing their size to accomodate insertion and removal of postynaptic receptors, which are correlated with functional changes. Of particular relevance for memory storage are the long lasting forms of synaptic plasticity which are protein synthesis dependent. Due to the importance of spine structural plasticity and protein synthesis, this review focuses on the signaling pathways that connect synaptic stimulation with regulation of protein synthesis and remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. We also review computational models that implement novel aspects of molecular signaling in synaptic plasticity, such as the role of neuromodulators and spatial microdomains, as well as highlight the need for computational models that connect activation of memory kinases with spine actin dynamics.
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102
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Chatterjee S, Ade C, Nurik CE, Carrejo NC, Dutta C, Jayaraman V, Landes CF. Phosphorylation Induces Conformational Rigidity at the C-Terminal Domain of AMPA Receptors. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:130-137. [PMID: 30537817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b10749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular C-terminal domain (CTD) of AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptor undergoes phosphorylation at specific locations during long-term potentiation. This modification enhances conductance through the AMPA receptor ion channel and thus potentially plays a crucial role in modulating receptor trafficking and signaling. However, because the CTD structure is largely unresolved, it is difficult to establish if phosphorylation induces conformational changes that might play a role in enhancing channel conductance. Herein, we utilize single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) spectroscopy to probe the conformational changes of a section of the AMPA receptor CTD, under the conditions of point-mutated phosphomimicry. Multiple analysis algorithms fail to identify stable conformational states within the smFRET distributions, consistent with a lack of well-defined secondary structure. Instead, our results show that phosphomimicry induces conformational rigidity to the CTD, and such rigidity is electrostatically tunable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Carina Ade
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Caitlin E Nurik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Texas Health Medical School , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Nicole C Carrejo
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Chayan Dutta
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Vasanthi Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Texas Health Medical School , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Christy F Landes
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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103
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Mechanisms of fear learning and extinction: synaptic plasticity-fear memory connection. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:163-182. [PMID: 30415278 PMCID: PMC6374177 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The ability to memorize threat-associated cues and subsequently react to them, exhibiting escape or avoidance responses, is an essential, often life-saving behavioral mechanism that can be experimentally studied using the fear (threat) conditioning training paradigm. Presently, there is substantial evidence supporting the Synaptic Plasticity-Memory (SPM) hypothesis in relation to the mechanisms underlying the acquisition, retention, and extinction of conditioned fear memory. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this review article is to summarize findings supporting the SPM hypothesis in the context of conditioned fear control, applying the set of criteria and tests which were proposed as necessary to causally link lasting changes in synaptic transmission in corresponding neural circuits to fear memory acquisition and extinction with an emphasis on their pharmacological diversity. RESULTS The mechanisms of synaptic plasticity in fear circuits exhibit complex pharmacological profiles and satisfy all four SPM criteria-detectability, anterograde alteration, retrograde alteration, and mimicry. CONCLUSION The reviewed findings, accumulated over the last two decades, provide support for both necessity and sufficiency of synaptic plasticity in fear circuits for fear memory acquisition and retention, and, in part, for fear extinction, with the latter requiring additional experimental work.
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104
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Bettio L, Thacker JS, Hutton C, Christie BR. Modulation of synaptic plasticity by exercise. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2019; 147:295-322. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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105
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Hiester BG, Becker MI, Bowen AB, Schwartz SL, Kennedy MJ. Mechanisms and Role of Dendritic Membrane Trafficking for Long-Term Potentiation. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:391. [PMID: 30425622 PMCID: PMC6218485 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory synapses is a major form of plasticity for learning and memory in the central nervous system. While the molecular mechanisms of LTP have been debated for decades, there is consensus that LTP induction activates membrane trafficking pathways within dendrites that are essential for synapse growth and strengthening. Current models suggest that key molecules for synaptic potentiation are sequestered within intracellular organelles, which are mobilized by synaptic activity to fuse with the plasma membrane following LTP induction. While the identity of the factors mobilized to the plasma membrane during LTP remain obscure, the field has narrowly focused on AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Here, we review recent literature and present new experimental data from our lab investigating whether AMPA receptors trafficked from intracellular organelles directly contribute to synaptic strengthening during LTP. We propose a modified model where membrane trafficking delivers distinct factors that are required to maintain synapse growth and AMPA receptor incorporation following LTP. Finally, we pose several fundamental questions that may guide further inquiry into the role of membrane trafficking for synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian G Hiester
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Matthew I Becker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Aaron B Bowen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Samantha L Schwartz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Matthew J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
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106
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MacLean DM, Durham RJ, Jayaraman V. Mapping the Conformational Landscape of Glutamate Receptors Using Single Molecule FRET. Trends Neurosci 2018; 42:128-139. [PMID: 30385052 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian central nervous system. These receptors provide a range of temporally diverse signals which stem from subunit composition and also from the inherent ability of each member to occupy multiple functional states, the distribution of which can be altered by small molecule modulators and binding partners. Hence it becomes essential to characterize the conformational landscape of the receptors under this variety of different conditions. This has recently become possible due to single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements, along with the rich foundation of existing structures allowing for direct correlations between conformational and functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M MacLean
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Ryan J Durham
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Biochemistry and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vasanthi Jayaraman
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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107
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Phosphorylation of the AMPAR-TARP Complex in Synaptic Plasticity. Proteomes 2018; 6:proteomes6040040. [PMID: 30297624 PMCID: PMC6313930 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes6040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity has been considered a key mechanism underlying many brain functions including learning, memory, and drug addiction. An increase or decrease in synaptic activity of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) complex mediates the phenomena as shown in the cellular models of synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation (LTP), and depression (LTD). In particular, protein phosphorylation shares the spotlight in expressing the synaptic plasticity. This review summarizes the studies on phosphorylation of the AMPAR pore-forming subunits and auxiliary proteins including transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs) and discusses its role in synaptic plasticity.
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108
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Jia M, Travaglia A, Pollonini G, Fedele G, Alberini CM. Developmental changes in plasticity, synaptic, glia, and connectivity protein levels in rat medial prefrontal cortex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:533-543. [PMID: 30224556 PMCID: PMC6149953 DOI: 10.1101/lm.047753.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a critical role in complex brain functions including decision-making, integration of emotional, and cognitive aspects in memory processing and memory consolidation. Because relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying its development, we quantified rat mPFC basal expression levels of sets of plasticity, synaptic, glia, and connectivity proteins at different developmental ages. Specifically, we compared the mPFC of rats at postnatal day 17 (PN17), when they are still unable to express long-term contextual and spatial memories, to rat mPFC at PN24, when they have acquired the ability of long-term memory expression and finally to the mPFC of adult rats. We found that, with increased age, there are remarkable and significant decreases in markers of cell activation and significant increases in proteins that mark synaptogenesis and synapse maturation. Furthermore, we found significant changes in structural markers over the ages, suggesting that structural connectivity of the mPFC increases over time. Finally, the substantial biological difference in mPFC at different ages suggest caution in extrapolating conclusions from brain plasticity studies conducted at different developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Jia
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Alessio Travaglia
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Gabriella Pollonini
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Cristina M Alberini
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
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109
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Inagaki R, Moriguchi S, Fukunaga K. Aberrant Amygdala-dependent Fear Memory in Corticosterone-treated Mice. Neuroscience 2018; 388:448-459. [PMID: 30118751 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorder is a major psychiatric disorder characterized by fear, worry, and excessive rumination. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying neural plasticity and anxiety remain unclear. Here, we utilized a mouse model of anxiety-like behaviors induced by the chronic administration of corticosterone (CORT) to determine the exact mechanism of each region of the fear circuits in the anxiety disorders. Chronic CORT-treated mice showed a significant increase in anxiety-related behaviors as assessed by the elevated plus maze, light-dark, open-field, and marble-burying tasks. In addition, chronic CORT-treated mice exhibited abnormal amygdala-dependent tone-induced fear memory but normal hippocampus-dependent contextual memory. Consistent with amygdala hyperactivation, chronic CORT-treated mice showed significantly increased numbers of c-Fos-positive cells in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) after tone stimulation. Long-term potentiation (LTP) was markedly enhanced in the BLA of chronic CORT-treated mice compared to that of vehicle-treated mice. Immunoblot analyses revealed that autophosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) IIα at threonine 286 and phosphorylation of cyclic-adenosine-monophosphate response-element-binding protein (CREB) at serine 133 were markedly increased in the BLA of chronic CORT-treated mice after tone stimulation. The protein and mRNA levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) also significantly increased. Our findings suggest that increased CaMKII activity and synaptic plasticity in the BLA likely account for the aberrant amygdala-dependent fear memory in chronic CORT-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Inagaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Moriguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Japan.
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Japan.
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110
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Yang JH, Seo SY, Oh JH, Ryu IS, Kim J, Lee DK, Ryu Y, Choe ES. Activation of Protein Kinase G After Repeated Cocaine Administration Is Necessary for the Phosphorylation of α-Amino-3-Hydroxy-5-Methyl-4-Isoxazolepropionic Acid Receptor GluA1 at Serine 831 in the Rat Nucleus Accumbens. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:263. [PMID: 30104957 PMCID: PMC6077228 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors in the striatum plays a crucial role in regulating the receptor-coupled signaling cascades leading to behavioral changes associated with psychostimulant exposure. The present study determined if activation of protein kinase G (PKG) contributes to the phosphorylation of AMPA receptor GluA1 subunit at the position of serine 831 (GluA1-S831) in the rat nucleus accumbens (NAc) after repeated cocaine administration. The results demonstrated that repeated intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of cocaine (20 mg/kg) once a day for seven consecutive days significantly increased the level of phosphorylated (p)GluA1-S831. This increase was decreased by the intra-NAc infusion of either the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) analog, Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS (5 nmol/1 μL), or the PKG inhibitor, KT5823 (2 nmol/1 μL). Repeated cocaine administration increased PKG binding activity to GluA1. This increase in GluA1-S831 phosphorylation after repeated cocaine administration was decreased by the intra-NAc infusion of the synthetic peptide (Tat-tagged interfering peptide (Tat-GluA1-i)), that interferes with the binding of PKG to GluA1. Intra-NAc infusion of the interfering peptide also reduced the repeated cocaine-induced increase in locomotor activity. These findings suggest that activated PKG, after repeated exposure to cocaine, binds to AMPA receptor GluA1 and is required for the phosphorylation of S831, contributing to behavioral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hwan Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Su Yeon Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.,Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.,Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - In Soo Ryu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.,Substance Abuse Pharmacology Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dong Kun Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Institution of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Eun Sang Choe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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111
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Persistent Stress-Induced Neuroplastic Changes in the Locus Coeruleus/Norepinephrine System. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:1892570. [PMID: 30008741 PMCID: PMC6020552 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1892570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural plasticity plays a critical role in mediating short- and long-term brain responses to environmental stimuli. A major effector of plasticity throughout many regions of the brain is stress. Activation of the locus coeruleus (LC) is a critical step in mediating the neuroendocrine and behavioral limbs of the stress response. During stressor exposure, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis promotes release of corticotropin-releasing factor in LC, where its signaling promotes a number of physiological and cellular changes. While the acute effects of stress on LC physiology have been described, its long-term effects are less clear. This review will describe how stress changes LC neuronal physiology, function, and morphology from a genetic, cellular, and neuronal circuitry/transmission perspective. Specifically, we describe morphological changes of LC neurons in response to stressful stimuli and signal transduction pathways underlying them. Also, we will review changes in excitatory glutamatergic synaptic transmission in LC neurons and possible stress-induced modifications of AMPA receptors. This review will also address stress-related behavioral adaptations and specific noradrenergic receptors responsible for them. Finally, we summarize the results of several human studies which suggest a link between stress, altered LC function, and pathogenesis of posttraumatic stress disorder.
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112
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Kim J, Lee S, Kang S, Jeon TI, Kang MJ, Lee TH, Kim YS, Kim KS, Im HI, Moon C. Regulator of G-Protein Signaling 4 (RGS4) Controls Morphine Reward by Glutamate Receptor Activation in the Nucleus Accumbens of Mouse Brain. Mol Cells 2018; 41:454-464. [PMID: 29754475 PMCID: PMC5974622 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between G-protein signaling and glutamatergic transmission within the brain reward circuits is critical for long-term emotional effects (depression and anxiety), cravings, and negative withdrawal symptoms associated with opioid addiction. A previous study showed that Regulator of G-protein signaling 4 (RGS4) may be implicated in opiate action in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, the mechanism of the NAc-specific RGS4 actions that induce the behavioral responses to opiates remains largely unknown. The present study used a short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knock-down of RGS4 in the NAc of the mouse brain to investigate the relationship between the activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors and RGS4 in the NAc during morphine reward. Additionally, the shRNA-mediated RGS4 knock-down was implemented in NAc/striatal primary-cultured neurons to investigate the role that striatal neurons have in the morphine-induced activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors. The results of this study show that the NAc-specific knockdown of RGS4 significantly increased the behaviors associated with morphine and did so by phosphorylation of the GluR1 (Ser831) and NR2A (Tyr1325) glutamate receptors in the NAc. Furthermore, the knock-down of RGS4 enhanced the phosphorylation of the GluR1 and NR2A glutamate receptors in the primary NAc/striatal neurons during spontaneous morphine withdrawal. These findings show a novel molecular mechanism of RGS4 in glutamatergic transmission that underlies the negative symptoms associated with morphine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Sueun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Sohi Kang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Tae-Il Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Man-Jong Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Yong Sik Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Key-Sun Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
| | - Heh-In Im
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
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113
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Cardiac Arrest Induces Ischemic Long-Term Potentiation of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons That Occludes Physiological Long-Term Potentiation. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:9275239. [PMID: 29853851 PMCID: PMC5944194 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9275239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic long-term potentiation (iLTP) is a form of synaptic plasticity that occurs in acute brain slices following oxygen-glucose deprivation. In vitro, iLTP can occlude physiological LTP (pLTP) through saturation of plasticity mechanisms. We used our murine cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) model to produce global brain ischemia and assess whether iLTP is induced in vivo, contributing to the functionally relevant impairment of pLTP. Adult male mice were subjected to CA/CPR, and slice electrophysiology was performed in the hippocampal CA1 region 7 or 30 days later. We observed increased miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitudes, suggesting a potentiation of postsynaptic AMPA receptor function after CA/CPR. We also observed increased phosphorylated GluR1 in the postsynaptic density of hippocampi after CA/CPR. These data support the in vivo induction of ischemia-induced plasticity. Application of a low-frequency stimulus (LFS) to CA1 inputs reduced excitatory postsynaptic potentials in slices from mice subjected to CA/CPR, while having no effects in sham controls. These results are consistent with a reversal, or depotentiation, of iLTP. Further, depotentiation with LFS partially restored induction of pLTP with theta burst stimulation. These data provide evidence for iLTP following in vivo ischemia, which occludes pLTP and likely contributes to network disruptions that underlie memory impairments.
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114
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Goodell DJ, Zaegel V, Coultrap SJ, Hell JW, Bayer KU. DAPK1 Mediates LTD by Making CaMKII/GluN2B Binding LTP Specific. Cell Rep 2018; 19:2231-2243. [PMID: 28614711 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) is a potent mediator of neuronal cell death. Here, we find that DAPK1 also functions in synaptic plasticity by regulating the Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). CaMKII and T286 autophosphorylation are required for both long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD), two opposing forms of synaptic plasticity underlying learning, memory, and cognition. T286-autophosphorylation induces CaMKII binding to the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunit GluN2B, which mediates CaMKII synaptic accumulation during LTP. We find that the LTP specificity of CaMKII synaptic accumulation is due to its LTD-specific suppression by calcineurin (CaN)-dependent DAPK1 activation, which in turn blocks CaMKII binding to GluN2B. This suppression is enabled by competitive DAPK1 versus CaMKII binding to GluN2B. Negative regulation of DAPK1/GluN2B binding by Ca2+/CaM results in synaptic DAPK1 removal during LTP but retention during LTD. A pharmacogenetic approach showed that suppression of CaMKII/GluN2B binding is a DAPK1 function required for LTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayton J Goodell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vincent Zaegel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Johannes W Hell
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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115
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Chen T, Wang Y, Zhang T, Zhang B, Chen L, Zhao L, Chen L. Simvastatin Enhances Activity and Trafficking of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor in Hippocampal Neurons Through PKC and CaMKII Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:362. [PMID: 29706890 PMCID: PMC5906710 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin (SV) enhances glutamate release and synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 region upon activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR). In this study, we examined the effects of SV on the functional activity of α7nAChR on CA1 pyramidal cells using patch-clamp recording and explored the underlying mechanisms. We found that the treatment of hippocampal slices with SV for 2 h induced a dose-dependent increase in the amplitude of ACh-evoked inward currents (IACh) and the level of α7nAChR protein on the cell membrane without change in the level of α7nAChR phosphorylation. These SV-induced phenotypes were suppressed by addition of farnesol (FOH) that converts farnesyl pyrophosphate, but not geranylgeraniol. Similarly, the farnesyl transferase inhibitor FTI277 was able to increase the amplitude of IACh and enhance the trafficking of α7nAChR. The treatment with SV enhanced phosphorylation of CaMKII and PKC. The SV-enhanced phosphorylation of CaMKII rather than PKC was blocked by FOH, Src inhibitor PP2 or NMDA receptor antagonist MK801 and mimicked by FTI. The SV-enhanced phosphorylation of PKC was sensitive to the IP3R antagonist 2-APB. The SV-increased amplitude of IACh was suppressed by PKC inhibitor GF109203X and Go6983, or CaMKII inhibitor KN93. The SV- and FTI-enhanced trafficking of α7nAChR was sensitive to KN93, but not GF109203X or Go6983. The PKC activator PMA increased α7nAChR activity, but had no effect on trafficking of α7nAChR. Collectively, these results indicate that acute treatment with SV enhances the activity and trafficking of α7nAChR by increasing PKC phosphorylation and reducing farnesyl-pyrophosphate to trigger NMDA receptor-mediated CaMKII activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baofeng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liandong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huaian Second People's Hospital, Huaian, China
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Rhynchophylline suppresses soluble Aβ 1-42-induced impairment of spatial cognition function via inhibiting excessive activation of extrasynaptic NR2B-containing NMDA receptors. Neuropharmacology 2018; 135:100-112. [PMID: 29510187 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Rhynchophylline (RIN) is a significant active component isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Uncaria rhynchophylla. The overproduction of soluble amyloid β protein (Aβ) oligomers in the hippocampus is closely involved in impairments in cognitive function at the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Growing evidences show that RIN possesses neuroprotective effects against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. However, whether RIN can prevent soluble Aβ1-42-induced impairments in spatial cognitive function and synaptic plasticity is still unclear. Using the combined methods of behavioral tests, immunofluorescence and electrophysiological recordings, we characterized the key neuroprotective properties of RIN and its possible cellular and molecular mechanisms against soluble Aβ1-42-related impairments in rats. Our findings are as follows: (1) RIN efficiently rescued the soluble Aβ1-42-induced spatial learning and memory deficits in the Morris water maze test and prevented soluble Aβ1-42-induced suppression in long term potentiation (LTP) in the entorhinal cortex (EC)-dentate gyrus (DG) circuit. (2) Excessive activation of extrasynaptic GluN2B-NMDAR and subsequent Ca2+ overload contributed to the soluble Aβ1-42-induced impairments in spatial cognitive function and synaptic plasticity. (3) RIN prevented Aβ1-42-induced excessive activation of extrasynaptic NMDARs by reducing extrasynaptic NMDARs -mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents and down regulating GluN2B-NMDAR expression in the DG region, which inhibited Aβ1-42-induced Ca2+ overload mediated by extrasynanptic NMDARs. The results suggest that RIN could be an effective therapeutic candidate for cognitive impairment in AD.
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Tang Y, Liu S, Shu H, Xing Y, Tao F. AMPA receptor GluA1 Ser831 phosphorylation is critical for nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like pain. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:462-469. [PMID: 29486167 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is the third most common disease worldwide; however, the mechanisms underlying migraine headache are still not fully understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor phosphorylation plays an important role in central sensitization of pain transmission. In the present study, we observed that AMPA receptor GluA1 Ser831 phosphorylation was enhanced in the spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C) after intraperitoneal injection of nitroglycerin (NTG). The NTG injection induced acute migraine-like pain including photophobia and mechanical hypersensitivity as reported previously. Interestingly, targeted mutation of GluA1 Ser831 site to prevent phosphorylation significantly inhibited NTG-induced migraine-like pain. Moreover, NTG incubation caused a robust Ca2+ influx in cultured brainstem neurons, which was dramatically inhibited by GluA1 S831A (serine at the 831 site of GluA1 is mutated to alanine) phospho-deficient mutation, and treatment with 1-naphthyl acetyl spermine (NASPM), a selective Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptor channel blocker, dose-dependently blocked the NTG-evoked increase of Ca2+ influx in the cultured neurons. We further found that intra-Sp5C injection of NASPM significantly inhibited NTG-produced mechanical hypersensitivity. These results suggest that AMPA receptor phosphorylation at the Ser831 site in the Sp5C is critical for NTG-induced migraine-like pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hui Shu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ying Xing
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA; Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Benke T, Traynelis SF. AMPA-Type Glutamate Receptor Conductance Changes and Plasticity: Still a Lot of Noise. Neurochem Res 2018; 44:539-548. [PMID: 29476449 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2491-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Twenty years ago, we reported from the Collingridge Lab that a single-channel conductance increase through α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs) could mediate one form of plasticity associated with long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus (Benke et al., Nature 395:793-797, 1998). Revealed through peak-scaled non-stationary fluctuation analysis (PS-NSFA, also known as noise analysis), this component of LTP could be exclusively mediated by direct increases in channel conductance or by increases in the number of high conductance synaptic AMPARs. Re-evaluation of our original data in the light of the molecular details regarding AMPARs, conductance changes and plasticity suggests that insertion of high-conductance GluA1 homomers can account for our initial findings. Any potential cost associated with manufacture or trafficking of new receptors could be mitigated if pre-existing synaptic AMPARs also undergo a modest conductance change. The literature suggests that the presence of high conductance AMPARs and/or GluA1 homomers confers an unstable synaptic state, suggesting state transitions. An experimental paradigm is proposed to differentiate these possibilities. Validation of this state diagram could provide insight into development, disease pathogenesis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Benke
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology, Neurology and Otolaryngology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Jurado S. AMPA Receptor Trafficking in Natural and Pathological Aging. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 10:446. [PMID: 29375307 PMCID: PMC5767248 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) enable most excitatory transmission in the brain and are crucial for mediating basal synaptic strength and plasticity. Because of the importance of their function, AMPAR dynamics, activity and subunit composition undergo a tight regulation which begins as early as prenatal development and continues through adulthood. Accumulating evidence suggests that the precise regulatory mechanisms involved in orchestrating AMPAR trafficking are challenged in the aging brain. In turn dysregulation of AMPARs can be linked to most neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding the mechanisms that govern AMPAR signaling during natural and pathological cognitive decline will guide the efforts to develop most effective ways to tackle neurodegenerative diseases which are one of the primary burdens afflicting an increasingly aging population. In this review, I provide a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in AMPAR trafficking highlighting what is currently known about how these processes change with age and disease. As a particularly well-studied example of AMPAR dysfunction in pathological aging I focus in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with special emphasis in how the production of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and amyloid-β plaques may contribute to disruption in AMPAR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jurado
- Instituto de Neurociencias CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
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120
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Abstract
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPA, NMDA, and kainate receptors) play a central role in excitatory glutamatergic signaling throughout the brain. As a result, functional changes, especially long-lasting forms of plasticity, have the potential to profoundly alter neuronal function and the expression of adaptive and pathological behaviors. Thus, alcohol-related adaptations in ionotropic glutamate receptors are of great interest, since they could promote excessive alcohol consumption, even after long-term abstinence. Alcohol- and drug-related adaptations in NMDARs have been recently reviewed, while less is known about kainate receptor adaptations. Thus, we focus here on functional changes in AMPARs, tetramers composed of GluA1-4 subunits. Long-lasting increases or decreases in AMPAR function, the so-called long-term potentiation or depression, have widely been considered to contribute to normal and pathological memory states. In addition, a great deal has been learned about the acute regulation of AMPARs by signaling pathways, scaffolding and auxiliary proteins, intracellular trafficking, and other mechanisms. One important common adaptation is a shift in AMPAR subunit composition from GluA2-containing, calcium-impermeable AMPARs (CIARs) to GluA2-lacking, calcium-permeable AMPARs (CPARs), which is observed under a broad range of conditions including intoxicant exposure or intake, stress, novelty, food deprivation, and ischemia. This shift has the potential to facilitate AMPAR currents, since CPARs have much greater single-channel currents than CIARs, as well as faster AMPAR activation kinetics (although with faster inactivation) and calcium-related activity. Many tools have been developed to interrogate particular aspects of AMPAR signaling, including compounds that selectively inhibit CPARs, raising exciting translational possibilities. In addition, recent studies have used transgenic animals and/or optogenetics to identify AMPAR adaptations in particular cell types and glutamatergic projections, which will provide critical information about the specific circuits that CPARs act within. Also, less is known about the specific nature of alcohol-related AMPAR adaptations, and thus we use other examples that illustrate more fully how particular AMPAR changes might influence intoxicant-related behavior. Thus, by identifying alcohol-related AMPAR adaptations, the specific molecular events that underlie them, and the cells and projections in which they occur, we hope to better inform the development of new therapeutic interventions for addiction.
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121
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Item-Place Encoding Through Hippocampal Long-Term Depression. HANDBOOK OF OBJECT NOVELTY RECOGNITION 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-812012-5.00019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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122
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Xiong L, Liyue H, Fancai Z, Maoting L, Ya L, Ting H, Zhen Y, Shanshan Z, Wenwen G, Yan T. Effect of decabrominated diphenyl ether exposure on spatial learning and memory, the expression and phosphorylation of hippocampal glutamate receptor subunits in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. J Toxicol Sci 2018; 43:645-657. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.43.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiong
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Hao Liyue
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Zeng Fancai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Li Maoting
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Li Ya
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - He Ting
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Yang Zhen
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Zhu Shanshan
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Gu Wenwen
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Tang Yan
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, China
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Lisman J. Glutamatergic synapses are structurally and biochemically complex because of multiple plasticity processes: long-term potentiation, long-term depression, short-term potentiation and scaling. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 372:rstb.2016.0260. [PMID: 28093558 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Synapses are complex because they perform multiple functions, including at least six mechanistically different forms of plasticity. Here, I comment on recent developments regarding these processes. (i) Short-term potentiation (STP), a Hebbian process that requires small amounts of synaptic input, appears to make strong contributions to some forms of working memory. (ii) The rules for long-term potentiation (LTP) induction in CA3 have been clarified: induction does not depend obligatorily on backpropagating sodium spikes but, rather, on dendritic branch-specific N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) spikes. (iii) Late LTP, a process that requires a dopamine signal (and is therefore neoHebbian), is mediated by trans-synaptic growth of the synapse, a growth that occurs about an hour after LTP induction. (iv) LTD processes are complex and include both homosynaptic and heterosynaptic forms. (v) Synaptic scaling produced by changes in activity levels are not primarily cell-autonomous, but rather depend on network activity. (vi) The evidence for distance-dependent scaling along the primary dendrite is firm, and a plausible structural-based mechanism is suggested.Ideas about the mechanisms of synaptic function need to take into consideration newly emerging data about synaptic structure. Recent super-resolution studies indicate that glutamatergic synapses are modular (module size 70-80 nm), as predicted by theoretical work. Modules are trans-synaptic structures and have high concentrations of postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor. These modules function as quasi-independent loci of AMPA-mediated transmission and may be independently modifiable, suggesting a new understanding of quantal transmission.This article is part of the themed issue 'Integrating Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity.'
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Affiliation(s)
- John Lisman
- Biology Department, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
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124
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Juárez-Muñoz Y, Ramos-Languren LE, Escobar ML. CaMKII Requirement for in Vivo Insular Cortex LTP Maintenance and CTA Memory Persistence. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:822. [PMID: 29184500 PMCID: PMC5694558 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-calmodulin/dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) plays an essential role in LTP induction, but since it has the capacity to remain persistently activated even after the decay of external stimuli it has been proposed that it can also be necessary for LTP maintenance and therefore for memory persistence. It has been shown that basolateral amygdaloid nucleus (Bla) stimulation induces long-term potentiation (LTP) in the insular cortex (IC), a neocortical region implicated in the acquisition and retention of conditioned taste aversion (CTA). Our previous studies have demonstrated that induction of LTP in the Bla-IC pathway before CTA training increased the retention of this task. Although it is known that IC-LTP induction and CTA consolidation share similar molecular mechanisms, little is known about the molecular actors that underlie their maintenance. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of CaMKII in the maintenance of in vivo Bla-IC LTP as well as in the persistence of CTA long-term memory (LTM). Our results show that acute microinfusion of myr-CaMKIINtide, a selective inhibitor of CaMKII, in the IC of adult rats during the late-phase of in vivo Bla-IC LTP blocked its maintenance. Moreover, the intracortical inhibition of CaMKII 24 h after CTA acquisition impairs CTA-LTM persistence. Together these results indicate that CaMKII is a central key component for the maintenance of neocortical synaptic plasticity as well as for persistence of CTA-LTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yectivani Juárez-Muñoz
- División de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura E Ramos-Languren
- División de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha L Escobar
- División de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Extinction of Contextual Cocaine Memories Requires Ca v1.2 within D1R-Expressing Cells and Recruits Hippocampal Ca v1.2-Dependent Signaling Mechanisms. J Neurosci 2017; 37:11894-11911. [PMID: 29089442 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2397-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cocaine-associated contextual cues contributes significantly to relapse. Extinction of these contextual associations, which involves a new form of learning, reduces cocaine-seeking behavior; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unknown. We report that extinction, but not acquisition, of cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) in male mice increased Cav1.2 L-type Ca2+ channel mRNA and protein in postsynaptic density (PSD) fractions of the hippocampus, a brain region involved in drug-context associations. Moreover, viral-mediated deletion of Cav1.2 in the dorsal hippocampus attenuated extinction of cocaine CPP. Molecular studies examining downstream Cav1.2 targets revealed that extinction recruited calcium/calmodulin (Ca2+/CaMK)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) to the hippocampal PSD. This occurred in parallel with an increase in phosphorylation of the AMPA GluA1 receptor subunit at serine 831 (S831), a CaMKII site, along with an increase in total PSD GluA1. The necessity of S831 GluA1 was further demonstrated by the lack of extinction in S831A GluA1 phosphomutant mice. Of note hippocampal GluA1 levels remained unaltered at the PSD, but were reduced near the PSD and at perisynaptic sites of dendritic spines in extinction-resistant S831A mutant mice. Finally, conditional knock-out of Cav1.2 in dopamine D1 receptor (D1R)-expressing cells resulted in attenuation of cocaine CPP extinction and lack of extinction-dependent changes in hippocampal PSD CaMKII expression and S831 GluA1 phosphorylation. In summary, we demonstrate an essential role for the hippocampal Cav1.2/CaMKII/S831 GluA1 pathway in cocaine CPP extinction, with data supporting contribution of hippocampal D1R-expressing cells in this process. These findings demonstrate a novel role for Cav1.2 channels in extinction of contextual cocaine-associated memories.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Continued drug-seeking behavior, a defining characteristic of cocaine addiction, can be precipitated by contextual cues, yet the molecular mechanisms required for extinction of these context-specific memories remain poorly understood. Here, we have uncovered a novel and selective role of the Cav1.2 L-type Ca2+ channel and its downstream signaling pathway in the hippocampus that mediate extinction of cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP). We additionally provide evidence that supports a role of Cav1.2 within dopamine D1 receptor-expressing cells of the hippocampus for extinction of cocaine CPP. Therefore, these findings reveal a previously unknown role of Cav1.2 channels within the hippocampus and in D1 receptor-expressing cells in extinction of cocaine-associated memories, providing a framework for further exploration of mechanisms underlying extinction of cocaine-seeking behavior.
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Enhanced AMPA Receptor Trafficking Mediates the Anorexigenic Effect of Endogenous Glucagon-like Peptide-1 in the Paraventricular Hypothalamus. Neuron 2017; 96:897-909.e5. [PMID: 29056294 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)-expressing neurons in the hindbrain send robust projections to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), which is involved in the regulation of food intake. Here, we describe that stimulation of GLP-1 afferent fibers within the PVN is sufficient to suppress food intake independent of glutamate release. We also show that GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) activation augments excitatory synaptic strength in PVN corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons, with GLP-1R activation promoting a protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent signaling cascade leading to phosphorylation of serine S845 on GluA1 AMPA receptors and their trafficking to the plasma membrane. Finally, we show that postnatal depletion of GLP-1R in the PVN increases food intake and causes obesity. This study provides a comprehensive multi-level (circuit, synaptic, and molecular) explanation of how food intake behavior and body weight are regulated by endogenous central GLP-1. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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127
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Nygren PJ, Mehta S, Schweppe DK, Langeberg LK, Whiting JL, Weisbrod CR, Bruce JE, Zhang J, Veesler D, Scott JD. Intrinsic disorder within AKAP79 fine-tunes anchored phosphatase activity toward substrates and drug sensitivity. eLife 2017; 6:30872. [PMID: 28967377 PMCID: PMC5653234 DOI: 10.7554/elife.30872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffolding the calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase 2B (PP2B, calcineurin) focuses and insulates termination of local second messenger responses. Conformational flexibility in regions of intrinsic disorder within A-kinase anchoring protein 79 (AKAP79) delineates PP2B access to phosphoproteins. Structural analysis by negative-stain electron microscopy (EM) reveals an ensemble of dormant AKAP79-PP2B configurations varying in particle length from 160 to 240 Å. A short-linear interaction motif between residues 337–343 of AKAP79 is the sole PP2B-anchoring determinant sustaining these diverse topologies. Activation with Ca2+/calmodulin engages additional interactive surfaces and condenses these conformational variants into a uniform population with mean length 178 ± 17 Å. This includes a Leu-Lys-Ile-Pro sequence (residues 125–128 of AKAP79) that occupies a binding pocket on PP2B utilized by the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin. Live-cell imaging with fluorescent activity-sensors infers that this region fine-tunes calcium responsiveness and drug sensitivity of the anchored phosphatase. Signaling molecules such as the hormone epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) activate a range of responses inside cells. The responses often involve proteins being chemically modified to change how active they are, which in turn controls specific processes happening inside the cell. One type of modification involves certain enzymes adding or removing molecules known as phosphate groups from specific proteins. For example, an enzyme called PP2B (also known as calcineurin) is able to remove phosphate groups from a variety of proteins. PP2B plays crucial roles in many different processes in animals including immune responses, nerve cell signaling and heart activity, and is the target of several medicinal drugs that suppress the immune system. Since PP2B plays so many roles in the body, these drugs often have unintended side effects. Therefore, studying how the body regulates this enzyme may help us to understand what causes these side effects. Previous studies have shown that PP2B is activated by calcium ions, which can act as signals in many different situations inside cells. A protein called AKAP79 anchors PP2B to specific locations in the cell so that it only operates where it is needed. Some evidence suggests that calcium ions affect how AKAP79 and PP2B interact, but it is not known how this works. Nygren et al. investigated how the PP2B enzyme and AKAP79 protein interact inside human cells and in cell-free systems. The experiments showed that short regions within the AKAP79 protein are responsible for binding to PP2B. These regions and the flexible structure of the entire AKAP79 protein work together to fine-tune how PP2B responds to calcium ions. In the presence of higher levels of calcium ions, another ‘auxiliary’ region of AKAP79 also binds to PP2B. This auxiliary region binds to a site on the enzyme where an immunosuppressive drug called cyclosporine can also bind. This suggests that AKAP79 binding to PP2B may affect the sensitivity of the PP2B enzyme to cyclosporine. This study demonstrates that the activity of PP2B can be precisely controlled by interactions with proteins such as AKAP79. Further work on these interactions may help develop more effective drugs that cause fewer side effects in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Nygren
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Sohum Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Devin K Schweppe
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Lorene K Langeberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Jennifer L Whiting
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Chad R Weisbrod
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, United States
| | - James E Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
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Caffino L, Piva A, Mottarlini F, Di Chio M, Giannotti G, Chiamulera C, Fumagalli F. Ketamine Self-Administration Elevates αCaMKII Autophosphorylation in Mood and Reward-Related Brain Regions in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:5453-5461. [PMID: 28948570 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of αCaMKII expression and phosphorylation is a feature shared by drugs of abuse with different mechanisms of action. Accordingly, we investigated whether αCaMKII expression and activation could be altered by self-administration of ketamine, a non-competitive antagonist of the NMDA glutamate receptor, with antidepressant and psychotomimetic as well as reinforcing properties. Rats self-administered ketamine at a sub-anesthetic dose for 43 days and were sacrificed 24 h after the last drug exposure; reward-related brain regions, such as medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), ventral striatum (vS), and hippocampus (Hip), were used for the measurement of αCaMKII-mediated signaling. αCaMKII phosphorylation was increased in these brain regions suggesting that ketamine, similarly to other reinforcers, activates this kinase. We next measured the two main targets of αCaMKII, i.e., GluN2B (S1303) and GluA1 (S831), and found increased activation of GluN2B (S1303) together with reduced phosphorylation of GluA1 (S831). Since GluN2B, via inhibition of ERK, regulates the membrane expression of GluA1, we measured ERK2 phosphorylation in the crude synaptosomal fraction of these brain regions, which was significantly reduced suggesting that ketamine-induced phosphorylation of αCaMKII promotes GluN2B (S1303) phosphorylation that, in turn, inhibits ERK 2 signaling, an effect that results in reduced membrane expression and phosphorylation of GluA1. Taken together, our findings point to αCaMKII autophosphorylation as a critical signature of ketamine self-administration providing an intracellular mechanism to explain the different effects caused by αCaMKII autophosphorylation on the post-synaptic GluN2B- and GluA1-mediated functions. These data add ketamine to the list of drugs of abuse converging on αCaMKII to sustain their addictive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Caffino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piva
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Section Pharmacology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, P.le Scuro 10, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Mottarlini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Di Chio
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Section Pharmacology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, P.le Scuro 10, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiano Chiamulera
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Section Pharmacology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, P.le Scuro 10, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabio Fumagalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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129
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Wang Q, Yin P, Yu B, Zhao Z, Richter-Levin G, Yu L, Cao X. Down-regulation of dorsal striatal αCaMKII causes striatum-related cognitive and synaptic disorders. Exp Neurol 2017; 298:112-121. [PMID: 28890075 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alpha calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (αCaMKII) is a serine/threonine protein kinase which is expressed abundantly in dorsal striatum and is highly involved in the corticostriatal synaptic plasticity. Nevertheless, it currently remains unclear whether and how αCaMKII plays a in the striatum-related neural disorders. To address the above issue, lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to silence the expression of αCaMKII gene in the dorsal striatum of mice. As a consequence of down-regulation of dorsal striatal αCaMKII expression, we observed defective motor skill learning in accelerating rotarod and response learning in water cross maze. Furthermore, impaired corticostriatal basal transmission and long-term potentiation (LTP), which correlated with the deficits in dorsal striatum-related cognition, were also detected in the αCaMKII-shRNA mice. Consistent with the above results, αCaMKII-shRNA mice exhibited a remarkable decline in GluA1-Ser831 and GluA1-Ser845 phosphorylation levels of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR), and a decline in the expression levels of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) subunits NR1, NR2A and NR2B. Taken together, αCaMKII down-regulation caused dorsal striatum-related cognitive disorders by inhibiting corticostriatal synaptic plasticity, which resulted from dysfunction of AMPARs and NMDARs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time an important role of αCaMKII in striatum-related neural disorders and provide further evidence for the proposition that corticostriatal LTP underlies aspects of dorsal striatum-related cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, MOE & STCSM, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Pengcheng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, MOE & STCSM, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, MOE & STCSM, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, MOE & STCSM, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Gal Richter-Levin
- "Sagol" Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, MOE & STCSM, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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130
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Selective Phosphorylation of AMPA Receptor Contributes to the Network of Long-Term Potentiation in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex. J Neurosci 2017; 37:8534-8548. [PMID: 28765333 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0925-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of AMPA receptor GluA1 plays important roles in synaptic potentiation. Most previous studies have been performed in the hippocampus, while the roles of GluA1 phosphorylation in the cortex remain unknown. Here we investigated the involvement of the phosphorylation of GluA1 in the LTP in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) using mice with a GluA1 knock-in mutation at the PKA phosphorylation site serine 845 (s845A) or CaMKII/PKC phosphorylation site serine 831 (s831A). The network LTP, which is constructed by multiple recordings of LTP at different locations within the ACC, was also investigated. We found that the expression of LTP and network LTP was significantly impaired in the s845A mice, but not in the s831A mice. By contrast, basal synaptic transmission and NMDA receptor-mediated responses were not affected. Furthermore, to uncover potential information under the current acquired data, a new method for reconstruction and better visualization of the signals was developed to observe the spatial localizations and dynamic temporal changes of fEPSP signals and multiple LTP responses within the ACC circuit. Our results provide strong evidence that PKA phosphorylation of the GluA1 is important for the network LTP expression in the ACC.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Previous studies have shown that PKA and PKC phosphorylation of AMPA receptor GluA1 plays critical roles in LTP in the hippocampus, while the roles of GluA1 phosphorylation in the cortex remain unknown. In the present study, by combining a 64-channel multielectrode system and a novel analysis and visualization method, we observed the accurate spatial localization and dynamic temporal changes of network fEPSP signals and LTP responses within the ACC circuit and found that PKA phosphorylation, but not PKC phosphorylation, of the GluA1 is required for LTP in the ACC.
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131
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Gutierrez-Castellanos N, Da Silva-Matos CM, Zhou K, Canto CB, Renner MC, Koene LMC, Ozyildirim O, Sprengel R, Kessels HW, De Zeeuw CI. Motor Learning Requires Purkinje Cell Synaptic Potentiation through Activation of AMPA-Receptor Subunit GluA3. Neuron 2017; 93:409-424. [PMID: 28103481 PMCID: PMC5263704 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that cerebellar long-term potentiation (LTP) is necessary for procedural learning. However, little is known about its underlying molecular mechanisms. Whereas AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunit rules for synaptic plasticity have been extensively studied in relation to declarative learning, it is unclear whether these rules apply to cerebellum-dependent motor learning. Here we show that LTP at the parallel-fiber-to-Purkinje-cell synapse and adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex depend not on GluA1- but on GluA3-containing AMPARs. In contrast to the classic form of LTP implicated in declarative memory formation, this form of LTP does not require GluA1-AMPAR trafficking but rather requires changes in open-channel probability of GluA3-AMPARs mediated by cAMP signaling and activation of the protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac). We conclude that vestibulo-cerebellar motor learning is the first form of memory acquisition shown to depend on GluA3-dependent synaptic potentiation by increasing single-channel conductance. Cerebellar learning depends on expression of GluA3, but not GluA1, in Purkinje cells GluA3 is required to induce LTP, but not LTD, at PF-PC synapses GluA3-dependent potentiation involves a cAMP-driven change in channel conductance GluA3-mediated LTP and learning are induced via cAMP-mediated Epac activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gutierrez-Castellanos
- Synaptic Plasticity and Behavior Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carla M Da Silva-Matos
- Synaptic Plasticity and Behavior Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kuikui Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cathrin B Canto
- Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria C Renner
- Synaptic Plasticity and Behavior Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Linda M C Koene
- Synaptic Plasticity and Behavior Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ozgecan Ozyildirim
- Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rolf Sprengel
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helmut W Kessels
- Synaptic Plasticity and Behavior Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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132
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Matsuzawa T, Zalányi L, Kiss T, Érdi P. Multi-scale modeling of altered synaptic plasticity related to Amyloid β effects. Neural Netw 2017; 93:230-239. [PMID: 28672189 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As suggested by Palop and Mucke (2010) pathologically elevated β-amyloid (Aβ) impairs long term potentiation (LTP) and enhances long term depression (LTD) possible underlying mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In the present paper we adopt and further elaborate a phenomenological computational model of bidirectional plasticity based on the calcium control hypothesis of Shouval et al. (2002). First, to account for Aβ effects the activation function Ω was modified assuming competition between LTP and LTD, and parameter sets were identified that well describe both normal and pathological synaptic plasticity processes. Second, a biophysically plausible kinetic model of bidirectional synaptic plasticity by D'Alcantara et al. (2003) was used to support findings of the phenomenological model and to further explain underlying kinetic processes. Model fitting pointed out molecular contributors, particularly calcineurin and type 1 protein phosphatase that might contribute to observed physiological disturbances in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Matsuzawa
- Center for Complex Systems Studies, Kalamazoo College, 1200 Academy Street, MI 49006, Kalamazoo, USA.
| | - László Zalányi
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Kiss
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Péter Érdi
- Center for Complex Systems Studies, Kalamazoo College, 1200 Academy Street, MI 49006, Kalamazoo, USA; Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary.
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133
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Gökçek-Saraç Ç, Er H, Kencebay Manas C, Kantar Gok D, Özen Ş, Derin N. Effects of acute and chronic exposure to both 900 MHz and 2100 MHz electromagnetic radiation on glutamate receptor signaling pathway. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 93:980-989. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1337279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Gökçek-Saraç
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hakan Er
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ceren Kencebay Manas
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Deniz Kantar Gok
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Özen
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Narin Derin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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134
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Lameth J, Gervais A, Colin C, Lévêque P, Jay TM, Edeline JM, Mallat M. Acute Neuroinflammation Promotes Cell Responses to 1800 MHz GSM Electromagnetic Fields in the Rat Cerebral Cortex. Neurotox Res 2017; 32:444-459. [PMID: 28578480 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mobile phone communications are conveyed by radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields, including pulse-modulated global system for mobile communications (GSM)-1800 MHz, whose effects on the CNS affected by pathological states remain to be specified. Here, we investigated whether a 2-h head-only exposure to GSM-1800 MHz could impact on a neuroinflammatory reaction triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in 2-week-old or adult rats. We focused on the cerebral cortex in which the specific absorption rate (SAR) of RF averaged 2.9 W/kg. In developing rats, 24 h after GSM exposure, the levels of cortical interleukin-1ß (IL1ß) or NOX2 NADPH oxidase transcripts were reduced by 50 to 60%, in comparison with sham-exposed animals (SAR = 0), as assessed by RT-qPCR. Adult rats exposed to GSM also showed a 50% reduction in the level of IL1ß mRNA, but they differed from developing rats by the lack of NOX2 gene suppression and by displaying a significant growth response of microglial cell processes imaged in anti-Iba1-stained cortical sections. As neuroinflammation is often associated with changes in excitatory neurotransmission, we evaluated changes in expression and phosphorylation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors in the adult cerebral cortex by Western blot analyses. We found that GSM exposure decreased phosphorylation at two residues on the GluA1 AMPAR subunit (serine 831 and 845). The GSM-induced changes in gene expressions, microglia, and GluA1 phosphorylation did not persist 72 h after RF exposure and were not observed in the absence of LPS pretreatment. Together, our data provide evidence that GSM-1800 MHz can modulate CNS cell responses triggered by an acute neuroinflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lameth
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM U.1127, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Bat. ICM, 47 boulevard de l'Hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Annie Gervais
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM U.1127, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Bat. ICM, 47 boulevard de l'Hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Colin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM U.1127, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Bat. ICM, 47 boulevard de l'Hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lévêque
- Université de Limoges, CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, F-87000, Limoges, France
| | - Thérèse M Jay
- Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR_S894 INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, 102-108 rue de la Santé, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Edeline
- Paris Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, Neuro-PSI, UMR 9197 CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay cedex, France
| | - Michel Mallat
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM U.1127, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Bat. ICM, 47 boulevard de l'Hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France.
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135
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Greger IH, Watson JF, Cull-Candy SG. Structural and Functional Architecture of AMPA-Type Glutamate Receptors and Their Auxiliary Proteins. Neuron 2017; 94:713-730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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136
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Queenan BN, Ryan TJ, Gazzaniga M, Gallistel CR. On the research of time past: the hunt for the substrate of memory. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1396:108-125. [PMID: 28548457 PMCID: PMC5448307 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The search for memory is one of the oldest quests in written human history. For at least two millennia, we have tried to understand how we learn and remember. We have gradually converged on the brain and looked inside it to find the basis of knowledge, the trace of memory. The search for memory has been conducted on multiple levels, from the organ to the cell to the synapse, and has been distributed across disciplines with less chronological or intellectual overlap than one might hope. Frequently, the study of the mind and its memories has been severely restricted by technological or philosophical limitations. However, in the last few years, certain technologies have emerged, offering new routes of inquiry into the basis of memory. The 2016 Kavli Futures Symposium was devoted to the past and future of memory studies. At the workshop, participants evaluated the logic and data underlying the existing and emerging theories of memory. In this paper, written in the spirit of the workshop, we briefly review the history of the hunt for memory, summarizing some of the key debates at each level of spatial resolution. We then discuss the exciting new opportunities to unravel the mystery of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget N. Queenan
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Tomás J. Ryan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Biology and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Gazzaniga
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Charles R. Gallistel
- Rutgers Center for Cognitive Science, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
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137
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Seeger C, Talibov VO, Danielson UH. Biophysical analysis of the dynamics of calmodulin interactions with neurogranin and Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent kinase II. J Mol Recognit 2017; 30. [PMID: 28449373 PMCID: PMC5518211 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) functions depend on interactions with CaM‐binding proteins, regulated by
Ca2+. Induced structural changes influence the affinity, kinetics, and specificities of the interactions. The dynamics of CaM interactions with neurogranin (Ng) and the CaM‐binding region of
Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II (CaMKII290−309) have been studied using biophysical methods. These proteins have opposite
Ca2+ dependencies for CaM binding. Surface plasmon resonance biosensor analysis confirmed that
Ca2+ and CaM interact very rapidly, and with moderate affinity (
KDSPR=3μM). Calmodulin‐CaMKII290−309 interactions were only detected in the presence of
Ca2+, exhibiting fast kinetics and nanomolar affinity (
KDSPR=7.1nM). The CaM–Ng interaction had higher affinity under
Ca2+‐depleted (
KDSPR=480nM,k1=3.4×105M−1s−1 and k−1 = 1.6 × 10−1s−1) than
Ca2+‐saturated conditions (
KDSPR=19μM). The IQ motif of Ng (Ng27−50) had similar affinity for CaM as Ng under
Ca2+‐saturated conditions (
KDSPR=14μM), but no interaction was seen under
Ca2+‐depleted conditions. Microscale thermophoresis using fluorescently labeled CaM confirmed the surface plasmon resonance results qualitatively, but estimated lower affinities for the Ng (
KDMST=890nM) and CaMKII290−309(
KDMST=190nM) interactions. Although CaMKII290−309 showed expected interaction characteristics, they may be different for full‐length CaMKII. The data for full‐length Ng, but not Ng27−50, agree with the current model on Ng regulation of
Ca2+/CaM signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Seeger
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Beactica AB, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - U Helena Danielson
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Beactica AB, Uppsala, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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138
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Zhang Y, Gao B, Zheng F, Lu S, Li Y, Xiong Y, Yang Q, Yang Y, Fu P, Xiao F, Wang X. The Phosphodiesterase 10A Inhibitor PF-2545920 Enhances Hippocampal Excitability and Seizure Activity Involving the Upregulation of GluA1 and NR2A in Post-synaptic Densities. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:100. [PMID: 28439226 PMCID: PMC5383654 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase regulates the homeostasis of cAMP and cGMP, which increase the strength of excitatory neural circuits and/or decrease inhibitory synaptic plasticity. Abnormally, synchronized synaptic transmission in the brain leads to seizures. A phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibitor PF-2545920 has recently attracted attention as a potential therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders. We hypothesized that PF-2545920 plays an important role in status epilepticus (SE) and investigated the underlying mechanisms. PDE10A was primarily located in neurons, and PDE10A expression increased significantly in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. PF-2545920 enhanced the hyperexcitability of pyramidal neurons in rat CA1, as measured by the frequency of action potentials and miniature excitatory post-synaptic current. GluA1 and NR2A expression also increased significantly in post-synaptic densities, with or without SE in rats treated with PF-2545920. The ratio of p-GluA1/GluA1 increased in the presence of PF-2545920 in groups with SE. Our results suggest that PF-2545920 facilitates seizure activity via the intracellular redistribution of GluA1 and NR2A in the hippocampus. The upregulation of p-GluA1 may play an important role in trafficking GluA1 to post-synaptic densities. The data suggest it would be detrimental to use the drug in seizure patients and might cause neuronal hyperexcitability in non-epileptic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanke Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Baobing Gao
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General HospitalChongqing, China
| | - Fangshuo Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Shanshan Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Fu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China.,Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of NeurologyChongqing, China
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139
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Caioli S, Severini C, Ciotti T, Florenzano F, Pimpinella D, Petrocchi Passeri P, Balboni G, Polisca P, Lattanzi R, Nisticò R, Negri L, Zona C. Prokineticin system modulation as a new target to counteract the amyloid beta toxicity induced by glutamatergic alterations in an in vitro model of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2017; 116:82-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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140
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Kugathasan P, Waller J, Westrich L, Abdourahman A, Tamm JA, Pehrson AL, Dale E, Gulinello M, Sanchez C, Li Y. In vivo and in vitro effects of vortioxetine on molecules associated with neuroplasticity. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:365-376. [PMID: 27678087 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116667710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity is fundamental for brain functions, abnormal changes of which are associated with mood disorders and cognitive impairment. Neuroplasticity can be affected by neuroactive medications and by aging. Vortioxetine, a multimodal antidepressant, has shown positive effects on cognitive functions in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. In rodent studies, vortioxetine increases glutamate neurotransmission, promotes dendritic branching and spine maturation, and elevates hippocampal expression of the activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) at the transcript level. The present study aims to assess the effects of vortioxetine on several neuroplasticity-related molecules in different experimental systems. Chronic (1 month) vortioxetine increased Arc/Arg3.1 protein levels in the cortical synaptosomes of young and middle-aged mice. In young mice, this was accompanied by an increase in actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin serine 3 phosphorylation without altering the total ADF/cofilin protein level, and an increase in the GluA1 subunit of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor phosphorylation at serine 845 (S845) without altering serine 831 (S831) GluA1 phosphorylation nor the total GluA1 protein level. Similar effects were detected in cultured rat hippocampal neurons: Acute vortioxetine increased S845 GluA1 phosphorylation without changing S831 GluA1 phosphorylation or the total GluA1 protein level. These changes were accompanied by an increase in α subunit of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMKIIα) phosphorylation (at threonine 286) without changing the total CaMKIIα protein level in cultured neurons. In addition, chronic (1 month) vortioxetine, but not fluoxetine, restored the age-associated reduction in Arc/Arg3.1 and c-Fos transcripts in the frontal cortex of middle-aged mice. Taken together, these results demonstrated that vortioxetine modulates molecular targets that are related to neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Li
- 1 Lundbeck Research, Paramus, NJ, USA
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141
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Sensitizing exposure to amphetamine increases AMPA receptor phosphorylation without increasing cell surface expression in the rat nucleus accumbens. Neuropharmacology 2017; 117:328-337. [PMID: 28223211 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to psychostimulants like cocaine or amphetamine leads to long-lasting sensitization of their behavioral and neurochemical effects. Here we characterized changes in AMPA receptor distribution and phosphorylation state in the rat nucleus accumbens (NAcc) weeks after amphetamine exposure to assess their potential contribution to sensitization by this drug. Using protein cross-linking, biochemical, subcellular fractionation, and slice electrophysiological approaches in the NAcc, we found that, unlike cocaine, previous exposure to amphetamine did not increase cell surface levels of either GluA1 or GluA2 AMPA receptor subunits, redistribution of these subunits to the synaptic or perisynaptic cellular membrane domains, protein-protein associations required to support the accumulation and retention of AMPA receptors in the PSD, or the peak amplitude of AMPA receptor mediated mEPSCs recorded in NAcc slices. On the other hand, exposure to amphetamine significantly slowed mEPSC decay times and increased levels in the PSD of PKA and CaMKII as well as phosphorylation by these kinases of the GluA1 S845 and S831 residues selectively in this cellular compartment. As the latter effects are known to respectively regulate channel open probability and duration as well as conductance, they provide a novel mechanism that could contribute to the long-lasting AMPA receptor dependent expression of sensitization by amphetamine. Rather than increase the number of surface and synaptic AMPA receptors as with cocaine, this mechanism could increase NAcc medium spiny neuron reactivity to glutamate afferents by increasing the phosphorylation state of critical regulatory sites in the AMPA receptor GluA1 subunit in the PSD.
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142
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Salas IH, Callaerts-Vegh Z, Arranz AM, Guix FX, D’Hooge R, Esteban JA, De Strooper B, Dotti CG. Tetraspanin 6: A novel regulator of hippocampal synaptic transmission and long term plasticity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171968. [PMID: 28207852 PMCID: PMC5312877 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins (Tspan) are transmembrane proteins with important scaffold and signalling functions. Deletions of Tetraspanin 6 (Tspan6) gene, a member of the tetraspanin family, have been reported in patients with Epilepsy Female-restricted with Mental Retardation (EFMR). Interestingly, mutations in Tspan7, highly homologous to Tspan6, are associated with X-linked intellectual disability, suggesting that these two proteins are important for cognition. Considering recent evidences showing that Tspan7 plays a key role in synapse development and AMPAR trafficking, we initiated the study of Tspan6 in synaptic function using a Tspan6 knock out mouse model. Here we report that hippocampal field recordings from Tspan6 knock out mice show an enhanced basal synaptic transmission and impaired long term potentiation (LTP). A normal paired-pulse facilitation response suggests that Tspan6 affects the properties of the postsynaptic rather than the presynaptic terminal. However, no changes in spine morphology or postsynaptic markers could be detected in Tspan6 KO mice compared with wild types. In addition, Tspan6 KO mice show normal locomotor behaviour and no defects in hippocampus-dependent memory tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel H. Salas
- VIB Center for Biology of Disease – VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Center of Human Genetics and Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), KU Leuven, Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N4, Belgium
| | | | - Amaia M. Arranz
- VIB Center for Biology of Disease – VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Center of Human Genetics and Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), KU Leuven, Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N4, Belgium
| | - Francesc X. Guix
- VIB Center for Biology of Disease – VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Center of Human Genetics and Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), KU Leuven, Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N4, Belgium
| | - Rudi D’Hooge
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - José A. Esteban
- Centro de Biologıa Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’ (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB Center for Biology of Disease – VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Center of Human Genetics and Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), KU Leuven, Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N4, Belgium
- * E-mail: (CGD); (BDS)
| | - Carlos G. Dotti
- Centro de Biologıa Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’ (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (CGD); (BDS)
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143
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Kulasiri D, Liang J, He Y, Samarasinghe S. Global sensitivity analysis of a model related to memory formation in synapses: Model reduction based on epistemic parameter uncertainties and related issues. J Theor Biol 2017; 419:116-136. [PMID: 28189671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the epistemic uncertainties of parameters of a mathematical model that describes the dynamics of CaMKII-NMDAR complex related to memory formation in synapses using global sensitivity analysis (GSA). The model, which was published in this journal, is nonlinear and complex with Ca2+ patterns with different level of frequencies as inputs. We explore the effects of parameter on the key outputs of the model to discover the most sensitive ones using GSA and partial ranking correlation coefficient (PRCC) and to understand why they are sensitive and others are not based on the biology of the problem. We also extend the model to add presynaptic neurotransmitter vesicles release to have action potentials as inputs of different frequencies. We perform GSA on this extended model to show that the parameter sensitivities are different for the extended model as shown by PRCC landscapes. Based on the results of GSA and PRCC, we reduce the original model to a less complex model taking the most important biological processes into account. We validate the reduced model against the outputs of the original model. We show that the parameter sensitivities are dependent on the inputs and GSA would make us understand the sensitivities and the importance of the parameters. A thorough phenomenological understanding of the relationships involved is essential to interpret the results of GSA and hence for the possible model reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Kulasiri
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Molecular Biosciences Department, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Jingyi Liang
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Molecular Biosciences Department, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Yao He
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Molecular Biosciences Department, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sandhya Samarasinghe
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Molecular Biosciences Department, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
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144
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Postnatal development of neurotransmitter systems and their relevance to extinction of conditioned fear. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 138:252-270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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145
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Wnt5a is essential for hippocampal dendritic maintenance and spatial learning and memory in adult mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E619-E628. [PMID: 28069946 PMCID: PMC5278440 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1615792114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stability of neuronal connectivity is critical for brain functions, and morphological perturbations are associated with neurodegenerative disorders. However, how neuronal morphology is maintained in the adult brain remains poorly understood. Here, we identify Wnt5a, a member of the Wnt family of secreted morphogens, as an essential factor in maintaining dendritic architecture in the adult hippocampus and for related cognitive functions in mice. Wnt5a expression in hippocampal neurons begins postnatally, and its deletion attenuated CaMKII and Rac1 activity, reduced GluN1 glutamate receptor expression, and impaired synaptic plasticity and spatial learning and memory in 3-mo-old mice. With increased age, Wnt5a loss caused progressive attrition of dendrite arbors and spines in Cornu Ammonis (CA)1 pyramidal neurons and exacerbated behavioral defects. Wnt5a functions cell-autonomously to maintain CA1 dendrites, and exogenous Wnt5a expression corrected structural anomalies even at late-adult stages. These findings reveal a maintenance factor in the adult brain, and highlight a trophic pathway that can be targeted to ameliorate dendrite loss in pathological conditions.
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146
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Prouty EW, Waterhouse BD, Chandler DJ. Corticotropin releasing factor dose-dependently modulates excitatory synaptic transmission in the noradrenergic nucleus locus coeruleus. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 45:712-722. [PMID: 27973694 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The noradrenergic nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) is critically involved in the stress response and receives afferent input from a number of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) containing structures. Several in vivo and in vitro studies in rat have shown that CRF robustly increases the firing rate of LC neurons in a dose-dependent manner. While it is known that these increases are dependent on CRF receptor subtype 1 and mediated by effects of cAMP intracellular signaling cascades on potassium conductance, the impact of CRF on synaptic transmission within LC has not been clarified. In the present study, we used whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology to assess how varying concentrations of bath-applied CRF affect AMPA-receptor dependent spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic currents (sEPSCs). Compared to vehicle, 10, 25, and 100 nm CRF had no significant effects on any sEPSC parameters. Fifty nanomolar CRF, however, significantly increased sEPSC amplitude, half-width, and charge transfer, while these measures were significantly decreased by 200 nm CRF. These observations suggest that stress may differentially affect ongoing excitatory synaptic transmission in LC depending on how much CRF is released from presynaptic terminals. Combined with the well-documented effects of CRF on membrane properties and spontaneous LC discharge, these observations may help explain how stress and CRF release are able to modulate the signal to noise ratio of LC neurons. These findings have implications for how stress affects the fidelity of signal transmission and information flow through LC and how it might impact norepinephrine release in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Prouty
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Barry D Waterhouse
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Daniel J Chandler
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, 2 Medical Center Drive, Stratford, NJ, 08084, USA
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147
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Pharmacological Rescue of Long-Term Potentiation in Alzheimer Diseased Synapses. J Neurosci 2016; 37:1197-1212. [PMID: 27986924 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2774-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is an activity-dependent and persistent increase in synaptic transmission. Currently available techniques to measure LTP are time-intensive and require highly specialized expertise and equipment, and thus are not well suited for screening of multiple candidate treatments, even in animal models. To expand and facilitate the analysis of LTP, here we use a flow cytometry-based method to track chemically induced LTP by detecting surface AMPA receptors in isolated synaptosomes: fluorescence analysis of single-synapse long-term potentiation (FASS-LTP). First, we demonstrate that FASS-LTP is simple, sensitive, and models electrically induced LTP recorded in intact circuitries. Second, we conducted FASS-LTP analysis in two well-characterized Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models (3xTg and Tg2576) and, importantly, in cryopreserved human AD brain samples. By profiling hundreds of synaptosomes, our data provide the first direct evidence to support the idea that synapses from AD brain are intrinsically defective in LTP. Third, we used FASS-LTP for drug evaluation in human synaptosomes. Testing a panel of modulators of cAMP and cGMP signaling pathways, FASS-LTP identified vardenafil and Bay-73-6691 (phosphodiesterase-5 and -9 inhibitors, respectively) as potent enhancers of LTP in synaptosomes from AD cases. These results indicate that our approach could provide the basis for protocols to study LTP in both healthy and diseased human brains, a previously unattainable goal. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Learning and memory depend on the ability of synapses to strengthen in response to activity. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a rapid and persistent increase in synaptic transmission that is thought to be affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, direct evidence of LTP deficits in human AD brain has been elusive, primarily due to methodological limitations. Here, we analyze LTP in isolated synapses from AD brain using a novel approach that allows testing LTP in cryopreserved brain. Our analysis of hundreds of synapses supports the idea that AD-diseased synapses are intrinsically defective in LTP. Further, we identified pharmacological agents that rescue LTP in AD, thus opening up a new avenue for drug screening and evaluation of strategies for alleviating memory impairments.
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148
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Vagus Nerve Stimulation Enhances Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Rats and Modulates Arc Protein, CaMKII, and GluN2B-Containing NMDA Receptors in the Basolateral Amygdala. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:4273280. [PMID: 27957346 PMCID: PMC5120198 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4273280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) enhances the consolidation of extinction of conditioned fear. High frequency stimulation of the infralimbic cortex (IL) produces long-term potentiation in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) in rats given VNS-paired extinction training, whereas the same stimulation produces long-term depression in sham-treated rats. The present study investigated the state of synaptic plasticity-associated proteins in the BLA that could be responsible for this shift. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into 4 groups: auditory fear conditioning only (fear-conditioned); fear conditioning + 20 extinction trials (extended-extinction); fear conditioning + 4 extinction trials paired with sham stimulation (sham-extinction); fear conditioning + 4 extinction trials paired with VNS (VNS-extinction). Freezing was significantly reduced in extended-extinction and VNS-extinction rats. Western blots were used to quantify expression and phosphorylation state of synaptic plasticity-associated proteins such as Arc, CaMKII, ERK, PKA, and AMPA and NMDA receptors. Results show significant increases in GluN2B expression and phosphorylated CaMKII in BLA samples from VNS- and extended-extinction rats. Arc expression was significantly reduced in VNS-extinction rats compared to all groups. Administration of the GluN2B antagonist ifenprodil immediately after fear extinction training blocked consolidation of extinction learning. Results indicate a role for BLA CaMKII-induced GluN2B expression and reduced Arc protein in VNS-enhanced extinction.
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149
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Park J, Chávez AE, Mineur YS, Morimoto-Tomita M, Lutzu S, Kim KS, Picciotto MR, Castillo PE, Tomita S. CaMKII Phosphorylation of TARPγ-8 Is a Mediator of LTP and Learning and Memory. Neuron 2016; 92:75-83. [PMID: 27667007 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is an essential step for the expression of long-term potentiation (LTP), a long-lasting, activity-dependent strengthening of synaptic transmission widely regarded as a cellular mechanism underlying learning and memory. At the core of LTP is the synaptic insertion of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) triggered by the NMDA receptor-dependent activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). However, the CaMKII substrate that increases AMPAR-mediated transmission during LTP remains elusive. Here, we identify the hippocampus-enriched TARPγ-8, but not TARPγ-2/3/4, as a critical CaMKII substrate for LTP. We found that LTP induction increases TARPγ-8 phosphorylation, and that CaMKII-dependent enhancement of AMPAR-mediated transmission requires CaMKII phosphorylation sites of TARPγ-8. Moreover, LTP and memory formation, but not basal transmission, are significantly impaired in mice lacking CaMKII phosphorylation sites of TARPγ-8. Together, these findings demonstrate that TARPγ-8 is a crucial mediator of CaMKII-dependent LTP and therefore a molecular target that controls synaptic plasticity and associated cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joongkyu Park
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Andrés E Chávez
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Yann S Mineur
- Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Megumi Morimoto-Tomita
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Stefano Lutzu
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Kwang S Kim
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Marina R Picciotto
- Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Pablo E Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Susumu Tomita
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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150
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Zhang K, Yamaki VN, Wei Z, Zheng Y, Cai X. Differential regulation of GluA1 expression by ketamine and memantine. Behav Brain Res 2016; 316:152-159. [PMID: 27599619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from preclinical and clinical studies shows that ketamine, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, exerts rapid and sustained antidepressant responses. However, ketamine's psychotomimetic side effects and abuse liability limit the clinical use of the compound. Interestingly, memantine, another NMDA receptor channel blocker, processes no defined antidepressant property but is much safer and clinical tolerated. Understanding why ketamine but not memantine exhibits rapid antidepressant responses is important to elucidate the cellular signaling underlying the fast antidepressant actions of ketamine and to design a new safer generation of fast-acting antidepressants. Here we show that ketamine but memantine caused a rapid and sustained antidepressant-like responses in forced swim test (FST). Both drugs enhanced GluA1 S845 phosphorylation and potentiated Schaffer collateral-CA1 synaptic transmission. However, ketamine but not memantine elevated the expression of GluA1. Incubating acutely prepared hippocampal slices with ketamine but not memantine enhanced mTOR phosphorylation in a time course parallel to the time course of GluA1 elevation. Our results suggest that distinct properties in regulation of mTOR phosphorylation and synaptic protein expression may underlie the differential effectiveness of ketamine and memantine in their antidepressant responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 1135 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Vitor Nagai Yamaki
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 1135 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Zhisheng Wei
- The Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 51030, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51030, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- The Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 51030, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51030, China
| | - Xiang Cai
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 1135 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA; Center for Integrated Research in Cognitive & Neural Sciences, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA.
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