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D'Alfonso L, Fedele G, Franze G. Dynamic Perimeter Surveillance of Multiagent Systems: A Swarm-Based Approach. IEEE Trans Cybern 2024; 54:2040-2049. [PMID: 36383591 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2022.3219672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this article, a novel approach to generating kinematic state trajectories for single-integrator multiagent systems is developed with the aim of addressing cooperative surveillance tasks of rectangular areas. In particular, the key idea consists in driving the involved agents within a so-called containment region while simultaneously reaming outside a forbidden area around the prescribed target. As one of its main features, the proposed kinematics allows the whole multiagent configuration to rotate safely along the perimeter under both full and partial connectivity properties of the underlying topology graph. Steady-state conditions are analyzed and sufficient conditions are derived in terms of kinematic model parameters. Finally, a set of simulations is aimed at showing the capability of the kinematic descriptions to quickly buttonhole the containment region and to keep a rotating behavior around the target.
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Min J, Zaslavsky A, Fedele G, McLaughlin SK, Reczek EE, De Raedt T, Guney I, Strochlic DE, MacConaill LE, Beroukhim R, Bronson RT, Ryeom S, Hahn WC, Loda M, Cichowski K. Author Correction: An oncogene-tumor suppressor cascade drives metastatic prostate cancer by coordinately activating Ras and nuclear factor-κB. Nat Med 2024:10.1038/s41591-024-02866-2. [PMID: 38383797 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Min
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander Zaslavsky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara K McLaughlin
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Reczek
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Isil Guney
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David E Strochlic
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura E MacConaill
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Sandra Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William C Hahn
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Massimo Loda
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen Cichowski
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
- Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Bono A, Fedele G, Franze G. A Swarm-Based Distributed Model Predictive Control Scheme for Autonomous Vehicle Formations in Uncertain Environments. IEEE Trans Cybern 2022; 52:8876-8886. [PMID: 33983888 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2021.3070461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article, a novel distributed model predictive control architecture is proposed for the coordination and control of multivehicle formations moving within uncertain environments. As one of its main merits, multiagent swarm modeling and leader-follower configurations are jointly exploited within an ad hoc model predictive control framework to reduce as much as possible the use of onboard sensors that is essential in long-range missions. Moreover, the feasibility and asymptotic closed-loop stability of the resulting scheme are formally proved. Finally, a laboratory experiment is used to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with particular attention to the follower capability of operating in a so-called blind fashion.
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Tropea M, Fedele G, De Luca R, Miriello D, De Rango F. Automatic Stones Classification through a CNN-Based Approach. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:6292. [PMID: 36016053 PMCID: PMC9415546 DOI: 10.3390/s22166292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an automatic recognition system for classifying stones belonging to different Calabrian quarries (Southern Italy). The tool for stone recognition has been developed in the SILPI project (acronym of "Sistema per l'Identificazione di Lapidei Per Immagini"), financed by POR Calabria FESR-FSE 2014-2020. Our study is based on the Convolutional Neural Network (CNNs) that is used in literature for many different tasks such as speech recognition, neural language processing, bioinformatics, image classification and much more. In particular, we propose a two-stage hybrid approach based on the use of a model of Deep Learning (DL), in our case the CNN, in the first stage and a model of Machine Learning (ML) in the second one. In this work, we discuss a possible solution to stones classification which uses a CNN for the feature extraction phase and the Softmax or Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), Random Forest (RF) and Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB) ML techniques in order to perform the classification phase basing our study on the approach called Transfer Learning (TL). We show the image acquisition process in order to collect adequate information for creating an opportune database of the stone typologies present in the Calabrian quarries, also performing the identification of quarries in the considered region. Finally, we show a comparison of different DL and ML combinations in our Two-Stage Hybrid Model solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Tropea
- Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Raffaella De Luca
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Domenico Miriello
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Floriano De Rango
- Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
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Agapito G, Fedele G. Clustering Methods for Microarray Data Sets. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2401:249-261. [PMID: 34902133 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1839-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microarrays are experimental methods that can provide information about gene expression and SNP data that hold great potential for new understanding, driving advances in functional genomics and clinical and molecular biology. Cluster analysis is used to analyze data that are not a priori to contain any specific subgroup. The goal is to use the data itself to recognize meaningful and informative subgroups. Also, cluster analysis helps data reduction purposes, exposes hidden patterns, and generates hypotheses regarding the relationship between genes and phenotypes. This chapter outlines a collection of cluster methods suitable for the analysis of microarray data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Agapito
- Department of Law, Economics and Sociology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy.
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Taboga P, Giovanelli N, Spinazzè E, Cuzzolin F, Fedele G, Zanuso S, Lazzer S. Running power: lab based vs. portable devices measurements and its relationship with aerobic power. Eur J Sport Sci 2021; 22:1555-1568. [PMID: 34420488 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2021.1966104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, different companies have developed devices that estimate "running power". The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the effect of running speed on aerobic and running powers measured using force plates and by different devices. The second objective is to evaluate the relationship between aerobic power and running powers measured using force plates and by different devices. We enrolled 11 subjects in the study, they performed 5-min running trials at 2.22, 2.78, 3.33, 3.89 and 4.44 m/s respectively on a force-measuring treadmill while we collected metabolic data. We calculated running power as the dot product of ground reaction force and velocity of the centre of mass and compared it to the running power estimates of three devices: Skillrun (Technogym), Stryd Summit Powermeter (Stryd) and Garmin HRM-Run (Garmin). We found statistically significant linear correlations with running powers measured by all devices and running speed. Although absolute running power measurements were different among devices, an increase of 1 m/s in running speed translated to an increase of 0.944 W/kg in running power (p < 0.001). We found statistically significant linear correlations with running powers measured by all devices and aerobic power, in particular: as aerobic power increases by 1 W/kg, running power increases by 0.218 W/kg for all devices (p < 0.001). For level treadmill running, across speeds, running power measured by commercially available devices reflects force-based measurements and it can be a valuable metric, providing quasi real-time feedback during training sessions and competitions. HighlightsWe evaluated the effect of running speed on aerobic and running powers measured using force plates and by different devices.We also compared the relationship between aerobic power and running powers measured using force plates and by different devices.We found statistically significant linear correlations with running powers measured by all devices and aerobic power, in particular: as aerobic power increases by 1 W/kg, running power increases by 0.218 W/kg for all devices.For level treadmill running, across speeds, running power measured by commercially available devices reflects force-based measurements and it can be a valuable metric, providing quasi real-time feedback during training sessions and competitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Taboga
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Nicola Giovanelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Enrico Spinazzè
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Technogym Scientific Department, Technogym S.p.A, Cesena, Italy
| | - Silvano Zanuso
- Technogym Scientific Department, Technogym S.p.A, Cesena, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Yadav E, Indiran T, Priya SS, Fedele G. Parameter Estimation and an Extended Predictive-Based Tuning Method for a Lab-Scale Distillation Column. ACS Omega 2019; 4:21230-21241. [PMID: 31867517 PMCID: PMC6921618 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study proposes a new PI controller tuning method using extended predictive control (EPC). The PI controller parameter values are calculated using the EPC controller output and its closed-loop response. This provides a simple and an effective tuning strategy which results in an improved closed-loop response compared to conventional tuning methods. The tuning methodology is applicable for single input single output and multi input multi output stable processes. Simulation and experimental results reveal the efficacy of the method under plant uncertainty conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eadala
Sarath Yadav
- Department
of Instrumentation and Control Engineering and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute
of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104 Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Indiran
- Department
of Instrumentation and Control Engineering and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute
of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104 Manipal, Karnataka, India
- E-mail: . Phone: +91 974 073 1983
| | - S. Shanmuga Priya
- Department
of Instrumentation and Control Engineering and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute
of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104 Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Department
of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the trajectory tracking problem for a swarm of mobile agents. A kinematic model describing the interactions and evolutions of the swarm members is proposed and its main properties are analyzed emphasizing that the agents centroid is ensured to track in finite-time a given reference trajectory and that the agents reach an aggregation in finite-time in a hyper-ball moving around the centroid path. One of the main characteristics of the model is the presence of an interaction matrix, between agents coordinates, which allows to define some properties of the swarm allowing the creation of different forms of agents aggregations, i.e., spheres, ellipsoids, straight lines, etc. Indeed swarm properties related to the agents configuration around the performed path along with agents interactions and absence of collisions are analyzed depending on the chosen interaction matrix.
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Locati LD, Piovesan A, Durante C, Bregni M, Castagna MG, Zovato S, Giusti M, Ibrahim T, Puxeddu E, Fedele G, Pellegriti G, Rinaldi G, Giuffrida D, Verderame F, Bertolini F, Bergamini C, Nervo A, Grani G, Rizzati S, Morelli S, Puliafito I, Elisei R. Real-world efficacy and safety of lenvatinib: data from a compassionate use in the treatment of radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer patients in Italy. Eur J Cancer 2019; 118:35-40. [PMID: 31299580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lenvatinib is a multi-kinase inhibitor approved for patients with radioactive iodine (RAI)-resistant differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Before the drug approval from the Italian National Regulatory Agency, a compassionate use programme has been run in Italy. This retrospective study aimed to analyse data from the first series of patients treated with lenvatinib in Italy. METHODS The primary aim was to assess the response rate (RR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary end-points include overall survival (OS) and toxicity data. RESULTS From November 2014 to September 2016, 94 patients were treated in 16 Italian sites. Seventeen percent of patients had one or more comorbidities, hypertension being the most common (60%). Ninety-eight percent of patients were treated by surgery, followed by RAI in 98% of cases. Sixty-four percent of patients received a previous systemic treatment. Lenvatinib was started at 24 mg in 64 subjects. Partial response and stable disease were observed in 36% and in 41% of subjects, respectively; progression was recorded in 14% of patients. Drug-related side-effects were common; the most common were fatigue (13.6%) and hypertension (11.6%). Overall, median PFS and OS were 10.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.7-12.6) and 23.8 months (95% CI, 19.7-25.0) respectively. CONCLUSION Lenvatinib is active and safe in unselected, RAI-refractory, progressive DTC patients in real-life setting. RR and PFS seem to be less favourable than those observed in the SELECT trial, likely due to a negative selection that included heavily pretreated patients or with poor performance status.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Locati
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy.
| | - A Piovesan
- Dept. Oncology, Oncological Endocrinology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Ospedale Molinette, Torino, Italy.
| | - C Durante
- Dept Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Policlinico Umberto I, Roma, Italy.
| | - M Bregni
- Dept Medical Oncology, Ospedale Busto Arsizio-ASST Valle Olona, Busto Arsizio, Italy.
| | - M G Castagna
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - S Zovato
- Familial Cancer Clinic and Oncoendocrinology Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV- IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
| | - M Giusti
- Dept Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Clinical Endocrinology, IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genova, Italy.
| | - T Ibrahim
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.
| | - E Puxeddu
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Fedele
- High Research Srl, Milano, Italy.
| | - G Pellegriti
- Endocrinology Division, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy.
| | - G Rinaldi
- Dept Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, Palermo, Italy.
| | - D Giuffrida
- Dept Medical Oncology, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande, Italy.
| | - F Verderame
- Dept Hematology and Oncology, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy.
| | - F Bertolini
- Dept Oncology and Haematology, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy.
| | - C Bergamini
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy.
| | - A Nervo
- Dept. Oncology, Oncological Endocrinology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Ospedale Molinette, Torino, Italy.
| | - G Grani
- Dept Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Policlinico Umberto I, Roma, Italy.
| | - S Rizzati
- Familial Cancer Clinic and Oncoendocrinology Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV- IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
| | - S Morelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - I Puliafito
- Dept Medical Oncology, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande, Italy.
| | - R Elisei
- Dept Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
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Jia M, Travaglia A, Pollonini G, Fedele G, Alberini CM. Developmental changes in plasticity, synaptic, glia, and connectivity protein levels in rat medial prefrontal cortex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:533-543. [PMID: 30224556 PMCID: PMC6149953 DOI: 10.1101/lm.047753.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a critical role in complex brain functions including decision-making, integration of emotional, and cognitive aspects in memory processing and memory consolidation. Because relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying its development, we quantified rat mPFC basal expression levels of sets of plasticity, synaptic, glia, and connectivity proteins at different developmental ages. Specifically, we compared the mPFC of rats at postnatal day 17 (PN17), when they are still unable to express long-term contextual and spatial memories, to rat mPFC at PN24, when they have acquired the ability of long-term memory expression and finally to the mPFC of adult rats. We found that, with increased age, there are remarkable and significant decreases in markers of cell activation and significant increases in proteins that mark synaptogenesis and synapse maturation. Furthermore, we found significant changes in structural markers over the ages, suggesting that structural connectivity of the mPFC increases over time. Finally, the substantial biological difference in mPFC at different ages suggest caution in extrapolating conclusions from brain plasticity studies conducted at different developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Jia
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Alessio Travaglia
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Gabriella Pollonini
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Cristina M Alberini
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
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Frassanito A, Fedele G, Leone P, Nenna R, Midulla F, Schiavoni I. Use of a short-term whole blood intracellular staining assay to study the T-cell response in respiratory syncytial virus-infected pediatric patients. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:1339-1344. [PMID: 30334436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was the development of a reliable method to evaluate the pattern of the ongoing T-cell response in young infants affected by respiratory infection. To this purpose, we enrolled 44 infants hospitalized with a diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. After a short-term stimulation of whole blood samples, intracellular IFN-g and IL-4 cytokines were measured in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets by flow cytometry. A stringent staining and gating strategy was used in order to maximize the reduction of background noise and to exclude false positives. The frequencies of cytokine-producing T-cell subsets, albeit low, were easily quantifiable. Cytokine responses were higher in infants sampled > 7 days from the onset of symptoms. The use of a rigorous strategy for cell staining and gating, coupled with a short-term stimulation of whole blood and a careful evaluation of time elapsed from the onset of symptoms constitutes a convincing approach for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frassanito
- Department of Paediatrics, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome Italy
| | - G Fedele
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - P Leone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - R Nenna
- Department of Paediatrics, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome Italy
| | - F Midulla
- Department of Paediatrics, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome Italy
| | - I Schiavoni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Zanuso S, Fedele G, Folland J, Black M, Senni S, Ethan HE, Benvenuti P, Cuzzolin F. Biomechanical And Physiological Differences Between Two Rowing Ergometers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000536540.29988.2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Zanuso S, Fedele G, Senni S, Cuzzolin F, Horsham EE, Benvenuti P. The Development Of A Metabolic Equation To Estimate Caloric Consumption On A Non-motorized Sport-performance Treadmill. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000518646.93738.2a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Sánchez-Seco MP, Hernández L, Eiros JM, Negredo A, Fedele G, Tenorio A. Detection and identification of orthopoxviruses using a generic nested PCR followed by sequencing. Br J Biomed Sci 2016; 63:79-85. [PMID: 16872000 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2006.11732725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Some orthopoxviruses are considered to be potential biological weapons. After the smallpox eradication campaign ended, routine vaccination was stopped around the world. Consequently, a significant portion of the population is now completely unprotected from infection by variola virus and related orthopoxviruses. Some of the symptoms associated with non-variola infections can be similar to smallpox, causing alert and panic situations. These infections should be considered as real public health concerns, so suitable tools for their differential diagnosis are needed. This study aims to devise a simple and easy-to-perform method that is able to detect and identify any orthopoxvirus that might cause infection in humans. In addition, the similarity of the different genes in the genomes of several species of orthopoxviruses is investigated, and orthopoxvirus-universal primer pairs in the tumour necrosis factor receptor II homologue gene are designed, taking full account of nucleotide similarity. A strategy is devised for their sensitive, rapid and cost-effective detection and identification, based on a nested PCR followed by sequencing. The efficacy of the method is tested with samples sent by the European Network of Imported Viral Diseases as part of two external quality control assays. All human orthopoxviruses assayed were detected and identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Sánchez-Seco
- Laboratory of Arboviruses and Imported Viral Diseases, Diagnostic Microbiology Service, National Centre for Microbiology, Madrid, Spain.
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Martin NE, Gerke T, Sinnott JA, Stack EC, Andrén O, Andersson SO, Johansson JE, Fiorentino M, Finn S, Fedele G, Stampfer M, Kantoff PW, Mucci LA, Loda M. Measuring PI3K Activation: Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and RNA Expression Analysis in Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1431-40. [PMID: 26124442 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Assessing the extent of PI3K pathway activity in cancer is vital to predicting sensitivity to PI3K-targeting drugs, but the best biomarker of PI3K pathway activity in archival tumor specimens is unclear. Here, PI3K pathway activation was assessed, in clinical tissue from 1,021 men with prostate cancers, using multiple pathway nodes that include PTEN, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (pS6), and stathmin. Based on these markers, a 9-point score of PI3K activation was created using the combined intensity of the 4-markers and analyzed its association with proliferation (Ki67), apoptosis (TUNEL), and androgen receptor (AR) status, as well as pathologic features and cancer-specific outcomes. In addition, the PI3K activation score was compared with mRNA expression profiling data for a large subset of men. Interestingly, those tumors with higher PI3K activation scores also had higher Gleason grade (P = 0.006), increased AR (r = 0.37; P < 0.001) and Ki67 (r = 0.24; P < 0.001), and decreased TUNEL (r = -0.12; P = 0.003). Although the PI3K activation score was not associated with an increased risk of lethal outcome, a significant interaction between lethal outcome, Gleason and high PI3K score (P = 0.03) was observed. Finally, enrichment of PI3K-specific pathways was found in the mRNA expression patterns differentiating the low and high PI3K activation scores; thus, the 4-marker IHC score of PI3K pathway activity correlates with features of PI3K activation. IMPLICATIONS The relationship of this activation score to sensitivity to anti-PI3K agents remains to be tested but may provide more precision guidance when selecting patients for these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil E Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Travis Gerke
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer A Sinnott
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward C Stack
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ove Andrén
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University; and Department of Urology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Swen-Olof Andersson
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University; and Department of Urology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jan-Erik Johansson
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University; and Department of Urology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Michelangelo Fiorentino
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stephen Finn
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Pathology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Philip W Kantoff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Massimo Loda
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Braun IM, Rao SR, Meyer FL, Fedele G. Patterns of psychiatric medication use among nationally representative long-term cancer survivors and controls. Cancer 2014; 121:132-8. [PMID: 25208515 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigations of long-term cancer survivors (LTCS) indicate that this population is not appreciably different from cancer-naive peers with respect to several neuropsychiatric domains. The current study sought to determine whether differences in psychiatric medication use might help to explain the negative findings. METHODS In a nationally representative sample, 5692 subjects were queried for cancer history, psychiatric diagnoses, and psychotropic medication use. The LTCS were defined as those individuals who were ≥5 years from diagnosis and whose cancer was in remission or cured. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were obtained from multivariable logistic regression models evaluating the relationship between cancer status and use of psychiatric medications. The interaction between case/control status and psychiatric diagnoses was also tested in a logistic regression model to predict psychotropic medication use. RESULTS A total of 225 participants met the criteria for LTCS and 3953 met the criteria for cancer-naive controls (CNC). The LTCS were no more likely than CNC to carry a psychiatric diagnosis. Despite the LTCS reporting somewhat greater psychotropic medication use compared with the CNC (28.8% vs 22.3%), unadjusted and adjusted differences did not reach statistical significance, possibly due to sample size. The interaction between case/control status and carrying a psychiatric diagnosis was not found to be significantly associated with receiving a psychiatric medication. CONCLUSIONS LTCS and CNC demonstrated comparable rates of psychiatric prescription medication use. The relationship between taking a psychiatric medication and carrying a psychiatric diagnosis was not found to be significantly different between the case and control groups. These findings contribute to an emerging hypothesis that in general LTCS are not a particularly psychiatrically vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana M Braun
- Division of Adult Psychosocial Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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18
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Zadra G, Photopoulos C, Tyekucheva S, Heidari P, Weng QP, Fedele G, Liu H, Scaglia N, Priolo C, Sicinska E, Mahmood U, Signoretti S, Birnberg N, Loda M. A novel direct activator of AMPK inhibits prostate cancer growth by blocking lipogenesis. EMBO Mol Med 2014; 6:519-38. [PMID: 24497570 PMCID: PMC3992078 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201302734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
5′AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) constitutes a hub for cellular metabolic and growth control, thus representing an ideal therapeutic target for prostate cancers (PCas) characterized by increased lipogenesis and activation of mTORC1 pathway. However, whether AMPK activation itself is sufficient to block cancer cell growth remains to be determined. A small molecule screening was performed and identified MT 63–78, a specific and potent direct AMPK activator. Here, we show that direct activation of AMPK inhibits PCa cell growth in androgen sensitive and castration resistant PCa (CRPC) models, induces mitotic arrest, and apoptosis. In vivo, AMPK activation is sufficient to reduce PCa growth, whereas the allelic loss of its catalytic subunits fosters PCa development. Importantly, despite mTORC1 blockade, the suppression of de novo lipogenesis is the underpinning mechanism responsible for AMPK-mediated PCa growth inhibition, suggesting AMPK as a therapeutic target especially for lipogenesis-driven PCas. Finally, we demonstrate that MT 63–78 enhances the growth inhibitory effect of AR signaling inhibitors MDV3100 and abiraterone. This study thus provides a rationale for their combined use in CRPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Zadra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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19
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de Ory F, Avellón A, Echevarría JE, Sánchez-Seco MP, Trallero G, Cabrerizo M, Casas I, Pozo F, Fedele G, Vicente D, Pena MJ, Moreno A, Niubo J, Rabella N, Rubio G, Pérez-Ruiz M, Rodríguez-Iglesias M, Gimeno C, Eiros JM, Melón S, Blasco M, López-Miragaya I, Varela E, Martinez-Sapiña A, Rodríguez G, Marcos MÁ, Gegúndez MI, Cilla G, Gabilondo I, Navarro JM, Torres J, Aznar C, Castellanos A, Guisasola ME, Negredo AI, Tenorio A, Vázquez-Morón S. Viral infections of the central nervous system in Spain: a prospective study. J Med Virol 2012; 85:554-62. [PMID: 23239485 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of viruses causing aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and encephalitis in Spain. This was a prospective study, in collaboration with 17 Spanish hospitals, including 581 cases (CSF from all and sera from 280): meningitis (340), meningoencephalitis (91), encephalitis (76), febrile syndrome (7), other neurological disorders (32), and 35 cases without clinical information. CSF were assayed by PCR for enterovirus (EV), herpesvirus (herpes simplex [HSV], varicella-zoster [VZV], cytomegalovirus [CMV], Epstein-Barr [EBV], and human herpes virus-6 [HHV-6]), mumps (MV), Toscana virus (TOSV), adenovirus (HAdV), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), West Nile virus (WNV), and rabies. Serology was undertaken when methodology was available. Amongst meningitis cases, 57.1% were characterized; EV was the most frequent (76.8%), followed by VZV (10.3%) and HSV (3.1%; HSV-1: 1.6%; HSV-2: 1.0%, HSV non-typed: 0.5%). Cases due to CMV, EBV, HHV-6, MV, TOSV, HAdV, and LCMV were also detected. For meningoencephalitis, 40.7% of cases were diagnosed, HSV-1 (43.2%) and VZV (27.0%) being the most frequent agents, while cases associated with HSV-2, EV, CMV, MV, and LCMV were also detected. For encephalitis, 27.6% of cases were caused by HSV-1 (71.4%), VZV (19.1%), or EV (9.5%). Other positive neurological syndromes included cerebellitis (EV and HAdV), seizures (HSV), demyelinating disease (HSV-1 and HHV-6), myelopathy (VZV), and polyradiculoneuritis (HSV). No rabies or WNV cases were identified. EVs are the most frequent cause of meningitis, as is HSV for meningoencephalitis and encephalitis. A significant number of cases (42.9% meningitis, 59.3% meningoencephalitis, 72.4% encephalitis) still have no etiological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F de Ory
- National Centre for Microbiology, Majadahonda, Spain.
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20
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Montanari M, Callea M, Battelli F, Corinaldesi G, Sapigni L, Marchetti C, Piana G, Fedele G. Oral rehabilitation with implant-supported overdenture (ISO) in four children with ectodermal dysplasia. Head Face Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3360394 DOI: 10.1186/1746-160x-8-s1-p7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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21
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Nardella C, Lunardi A, Fedele G, Clohessy JG, Alimonti A, Kozma SC, Thomas G, Loda M, Pandolfi PP. Differential expression of S6K2 dictates tissue-specific requirement for S6K1 in mediating aberrant mTORC1 signaling and tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2011; 71:3669-75. [PMID: 21444676 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-3962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The S6K1 and S6K2 kinases are considered important mTOR signaling effectors, yet their contribution to tumorigenesis remains unclear. Aberrant mTOR activation is a frequent event in cancer that commonly results from heterozygous loss of PTEN. Here, we show for the first time a differential protein expression between S6K1 and S6K2 in both mouse and human tissues. Additionally, the inactivation of S6k1 in the context of Pten heterozygosity (Pten(+/-)) suggests a differential requirement for this protein across multiple tissues. This tissue specificity appears to be governed by the relative protein expression of S6k2. Accordingly, we find that deletion of S6k1 markedly impairs Pten(+/-) mediated adrenal tumorigenesis, specifically due to low expression of S6k2. Concomitant observation of low S6K2 levels in the human adrenal gland supports the development of S6K1 inhibitors for treatment of PTEN loss-driven pheochromocytoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Nardella
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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22
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Nguyen PL, Ma J, Chavarro JE, Freedman ML, Lis R, Fedele G, Fiore C, Qiu W, Fiorentino M, Finn S, Penney KL, Eisenstein A, Schumacher FR, Mucci LA, Stampfer MJ, Giovannucci E, Loda M. Fatty acid synthase polymorphisms, tumor expression, body mass index, prostate cancer risk, and survival. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28:3958-64. [PMID: 20679621 PMCID: PMC2940394 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.0793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fatty acid synthase (FASN) regulates de novo lipogenesis, body weight, and tumor growth. We examined whether common germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FASN gene affect prostate cancer (PCa) risk or PCa-specific mortality and whether these effects vary by body mass index (BMI). METHODS In a prospective nested case-control study of 1,331 white patients with PCa and 1,267 age-matched controls, we examined associations of five common SNPs within FASN (and 5 kb upstream/downstream, R(2) > 0.8) with PCa incidence and, among patients, PCa-specific death and tested for an interaction with BMI. Survival analyses were repeated for tumor FASN expression (n = 909). RESULTS Four of the five SNPs were associated with lethal PCa. SNP rs1127678 was significantly related to higher BMI and interacted with BMI for both PCa risk (P(interaction) = .004) and PCa mortality (P(interaction) = .056). Among overweight men (BMI > or = 25 kg/m(2)), but not leaner men, the homozygous variant allele carried a relative risk of advanced PCa of 2.49 (95% CI, 1.00 to 6.23) compared with lean men with the wild type. Overweight patients carrying the variant allele had a 2.04 (95% CI, 1.31 to 3.17) times higher risk of PCa mortality. Similarly, overweight patients with elevated tumor FASN expression had a 2.73 (95% CI, 1.05 to 7.08) times higher risk of lethal PCa (P(interaction) = .02). CONCLUSION FASN germline polymorphisms were significantly associated with risk of lethal PCa. Significant interactions of BMI with FASN polymorphisms and FASN tumor expression suggest FASN as a potential link between obesity and poor PCa outcome and raise the possibility that FASN inhibition could reduce PCa-specific mortality, particularly in overweight men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L. Nguyen
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jing Ma
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jorge E. Chavarro
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Matthew L. Freedman
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Rosina Lis
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Christopher Fiore
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Weiliang Qiu
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michelangelo Fiorentino
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Stephen Finn
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kathryn L. Penney
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Anna Eisenstein
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Fredrick R. Schumacher
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lorelei A. Mucci
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Meir J. Stampfer
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Massimo Loda
- From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
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23
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Poliseno L, Salmena L, Riccardi L, Fornari A, Song MS, Hobbs RM, Sportoletti P, Varmeh S, Egia A, Fedele G, Rameh L, Loda M, Pandolfi PP. Identification of the miR-106b~25 microRNA cluster as a proto-oncogenic PTEN-targeting intron that cooperates with its host gene MCM7 in transformation. Sci Signal 2010; 3:ra29. [PMID: 20388916 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) is a tumor suppressor that antagonizes signaling through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway. We have demonstrated that subtle decreases in PTEN abundance can have critical consequences for tumorigenesis. Here, we used a computational approach to identify miR-22, miR-25, and miR-302 as three PTEN-targeting microRNA (miRNA) families found within nine genomic loci. We showed that miR-22 and the miR-106b~25 cluster are aberrantly overexpressed in human prostate cancer, correlate with abundance of the miRNA processing enzyme DICER, and potentiate cellular transformation both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that the intronic miR-106b~25 cluster cooperates with its host gene MCM7 in cellular transformation both in vitro and in vivo, so that the concomitant overexpression of MCM7 and the miRNA cluster triggers prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in transgenic mice. Therefore, the MCM7 gene locus delivers two simultaneous oncogenic insults when amplified or overexpressed in human cancer. Thus, we have uncovered a proto-oncogenic miRNA-dependent network for PTEN regulation and defined the MCM7 locus as a critical factor in initiating prostate tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Poliseno
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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24
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Min J, Zaslavsky A, Fedele G, McLaughlin SK, Reczek EE, De Raedt T, Guney I, Strochlic DE, Laura E, Beroukhim R, Bronson RT, Ryeom S, Hahn WC, Loda M, Cichowski K. An oncogene-tumor suppressor cascade drives metastatic prostate cancer by coordinately activating Ras and nuclear factor-kappaB. Nat Med 2010; 16:286-94. [PMID: 20154697 PMCID: PMC2903662 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is responsible for the majority of prostate cancer-related deaths; however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie this process. Here we identify an oncogene-tumor suppressor cascade that promotes prostate cancer growth and metastasis by coordinately activating the small GTPase Ras and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Specifically, we show that loss of the Ras GTPase-activating protein (RasGAP) gene DAB2IP induces metastatic prostate cancer in an orthotopic mouse tumor model. Notably, DAB2IP functions as a signaling scaffold that coordinately regulates Ras and NF-kappaB through distinct domains to promote tumor growth and metastasis, respectively. DAB2IP is suppressed in human prostate cancer, where its expression inversely correlates with tumor grade and predicts prognosis. Moreover, we report that epigenetic silencing of DAB2IP is a key mechanism by which the polycomb-group protein histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 activates Ras and NF-kappaB and triggers metastasis. These studies define the mechanism by which two major pathways can be simultaneously activated in metastatic prostate cancer and establish EZH2 as a driver of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Min
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander Zaslavsky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia PA 19104
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Sara K. McLaughlin
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth E. Reczek
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Isil Guney
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David E. Strochlic
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
| | - E. Laura
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142
- Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
- Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | - Sandra Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia PA 19104
| | - William C. Hahn
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
- Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Massimo Loda
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Karen Cichowski
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
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25
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Marchesi F, Piemonti L, Fedele G, Destro A, Roncalli M, Albarello L, Doglioni C, Anselmo A, Doni A, Bianchi P, Laghi L, Malesci A, Cervo L, Malosio M, Reni M, Zerbi A, Di Carlo V, Mantovani A, Allavena P. The chemokine receptor CX3CR1 is involved in the neural tropism and malignant behavior of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2008; 68:9060-9. [PMID: 18974152 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumor perineural dissemination is a hallmark of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and represents a major source of local tumor recurrence after surgery. In this study, we provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 may be involved in the neurotropism of PDAC cells to local peripheral nerves. Neoplastic cells from PDAC cell lines and surgical specimens express the chemokine receptor CX3CR1, absent in normal pancreatic ducts. Its unique ligand, the transmembrane chemokine CX3CL1, is expressed by neurons and nerve fibers. CX3CR1 + PDAC cell lines migrated in response to human recombinant CX3CL1 and specifically adhered to CX3CL1-expressing cells of neural origin via mechanisms involving activation of G proteins, beta1 integrins, and focal adhesion kinase. In vivo experiments with transplanted PDAC showed that only CX3CR1-transfected tumor cells infiltrated the local peripheral nerves. Immunohistochemistry of CX3CR1 in PDAC specimens revealed that 90% of the samples were positive with a heterogeneous pattern of expression. High receptor score was significantly associated with more prominent tumor perineural infiltration evaluated histologically (P = 0.026). Regression analyses (univariate and multivariate) showed that high CX3CR1 expression and perineural invasion were strongly associated with local and earlier tumor recurrence (P = 0.007). Collectively, this study shows that the CX3CR1 receptor may be involved in PDAC tumor neurotropism and is a relevant and independent risk factor to predict an early local tumor relapse in resected patients. Thus, the CX3CR1-CX3CL1 axis could represent a valuable therapeutic target to prevent tumor perineural dissemination in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Marchesi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Clinical Institute Humanitas, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
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26
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Fiorentino M, Zadra G, Palescandolo E, Fedele G, Bailey D, Fiore C, Nguyen PL, Migita T, Zamponi R, Di Vizio D, Priolo C, Chandan S, Xie W, Hemler ME, Mucci L, Giovannucci E, Finn S, Loda M. Overexpression of fatty acid synthase is associated with palmitoylation of Wnt1 and cytoplasmic stabilization of beta-catenin in prostate cancer. J Transl Med 2008; 88:1340-8. [PMID: 18838960 PMCID: PMC3223737 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2008.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key metabolic enzyme for liponeogenesis highly expressed in several human cancers, displays oncogenic properties such as resistance to apoptosis and induction of proliferation when overexpressed. To date, no mechanism has been identified to explain the oncogenicity of FASN in prostate cancer. We generated immortalized prostate epithelial cells (iPrECs) overexpressing FASN, and found that (14)C-acetate incorporation into palmitate synthesized de novo by FASN was significantly elevated in immunoprecipitated Wnt-1 when compared to isogenic cells not overexpressing FASN. Overexpression of FASN caused membranous and cytoplasmic beta-catenin protein accumulation and activation, whereas FASN knockdown by short-hairpin RNA resulted in a reduction in the extent of beta-catenin activation. Orthotopic transplantation of iPrECs overexpressing FASN in nude mice resulted in invasive tumors that overexpressed beta-catenin. A strong significant association between FASN and cytoplasmic (stabilized) beta-catenin immunostaining was found in 862 cases of human prostate cancer after computerized subtraction of the membranous beta-catenin signal (P<0.001, Spearman's rho=0.33). We propose that cytoplasmic stabilization of beta-catenin through palmitoylation of Wnt-1 and subsequent activation of the pathway is a potential mechanism of FASN oncogenicity in prostate cancer.
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Majumder PK, Grisanzio C, O’Connell F, Barry M, Brito JM, Xu Q, Guney I, Berger R, Herman P, Bikoff R, Fedele G, Baek WK, Wang S, Ellwood-Yen K, Wu H, Sawyers CL, Signoretti S, Hahn WC, Loda M, Sellers WR. A prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia-dependent p27 Kip1 checkpoint induces senescence and inhibits cell proliferation and cancer progression. Cancer Cell 2008; 14:146-55. [PMID: 18691549 PMCID: PMC2583442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2006] [Revised: 01/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic expression of activated AKT1 in the murine prostate induces prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) that does not progress to invasive prostate cancer (CaP). In luminal epithelial cells of Akt-driven PIN, we show the concomitant induction of p27(Kip1) and senescence. Genetic ablation of p27(Kip1) led to downregulation of senescence markers and progression to cancer. In humans, p27(Kip1) and senescence markers were elevated in PIN not associated with CaP but were decreased or absent, respectively, in cancer-associated PIN and in CaP. Importantly, p27(Kip1) upregulation in mouse and human in situ lesions did not depend upon mTOR or Akt activation but was instead specifically associated with alterations in cell polarity, architecture, and adhesion molecules. These data suggest that a p27(Kip1)-driven checkpoint limits progression of PIN to CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip K. Majumder
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Chiara Grisanzio
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Fionnuala O’Connell
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Marc Barry
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Joseph M. Brito
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Isil Guney
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Raanan Berger
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Paula Herman
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Rachel Bikoff
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Won-Ki Baek
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Shunyou Wang
- Departments Medicine and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, LA
| | - Katharine Ellwood-Yen
- Departments Medicine and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, LA
| | - Hong Wu
- Departments Medicine and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, LA
| | - Charles L. Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Sabina Signoretti
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - William C. Hahn
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Board Institute of Harvard and MIT
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Board Institute of Harvard and MIT
- Correspondence William R. Sellers, MD, Novartis Institutes For Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, 4A/245, Cambridge, MA 02139, Phone: 617-871-7069, Fax: 617-871-3452, or Massimo Loda, MD, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA, E-mail:
| | - William R. Sellers
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Novartis Institutes For BioMedical Research, Cambridge
- Correspondence William R. Sellers, MD, Novartis Institutes For Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, 4A/245, Cambridge, MA 02139, Phone: 617-871-7069, Fax: 617-871-3452, or Massimo Loda, MD, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA, E-mail:
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Majumder PK, Grisanzio C, O’Connell F, Barry M, Brito JM, Xu Q, Guney I, Berger R, Herman P, Bikoff R, Fedele G, Baek WK, Wang S, Ellwood-Yen K, Wu H, Sawyers CL, Signoretti S, Hahn WC, Loda M, Sellers WR. A prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia-dependent p27 Kip1 checkpoint induces senescence and inhibits cell proliferation and cancer progression. Cancer Cell 2008; 14. [PMID: 18691549 PMCID: PMC2583442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.06.00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic expression of activated AKT1 in the murine prostate induces prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) that does not progress to invasive prostate cancer (CaP). In luminal epithelial cells of Akt-driven PIN, we show the concomitant induction of p27(Kip1) and senescence. Genetic ablation of p27(Kip1) led to downregulation of senescence markers and progression to cancer. In humans, p27(Kip1) and senescence markers were elevated in PIN not associated with CaP but were decreased or absent, respectively, in cancer-associated PIN and in CaP. Importantly, p27(Kip1) upregulation in mouse and human in situ lesions did not depend upon mTOR or Akt activation but was instead specifically associated with alterations in cell polarity, architecture, and adhesion molecules. These data suggest that a p27(Kip1)-driven checkpoint limits progression of PIN to CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip K. Majumder
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Chiara Grisanzio
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Fionnuala O’Connell
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Marc Barry
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Joseph M. Brito
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Isil Guney
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Raanan Berger
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Paula Herman
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Rachel Bikoff
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Giuseppe Fedele
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Won-Ki Baek
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Shunyou Wang
- Departments Medicine and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, LA
| | - Katharine Ellwood-Yen
- Departments Medicine and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, LA
| | - Hong Wu
- Departments Medicine and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, LA
| | - Charles L. Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Sabina Signoretti
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - William C. Hahn
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Board Institute of Harvard and MIT
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Board Institute of Harvard and MIT
- Correspondence William R. Sellers, MD, Novartis Institutes For Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, 4A/245, Cambridge, MA 02139, Phone: 617-871-7069, Fax: 617-871-3452, or Massimo Loda, MD, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA, E-mail:
| | - William R. Sellers
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine, and Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Novartis Institutes For BioMedical Research, Cambridge
- Correspondence William R. Sellers, MD, Novartis Institutes For Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, 4A/245, Cambridge, MA 02139, Phone: 617-871-7069, Fax: 617-871-3452, or Massimo Loda, MD, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA, E-mail:
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29
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Ausiello CM, Palazzo R, Spensieri F, Fedele G, Lande R, Ciervo A, Fioroni G, Cassone A. 60-kDa heat shock protein of Chlamydia pneumoniae is a target of T-cell immune response. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2005; 19:136-40. [PMID: 16602628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory processes contribute to the pathogenesis and complications of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). Several findings indicate that chlamydial heat shock proteins (HSP) may represent a particularly strong antigenic stimulus, able to induce specific humoral (Ab) and T-cell-mediated immune responses (CMI) linking infection by Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) to immuno-pathological sequelae such as atherosclerosis and CHD. We have here evaluated the ability of chlamydial recombinant (r) HSP60 and rHSP10 to induce specific immune responses in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and in murine models. rHSP60, but not rHSP10, was shown to induce proliferation and Interferon-gamma secretion in lymphocytes of randomly selected blood donors, as well as to generate and detect delayed-type hypersensitivity response in HSP60-vaccinated mice. Overall, the present study provides new hints to evaluate a previous exposition to CP using rHSP60 in humans. Thus the evaluation of specific HSP60 CMI response in healthy subject could be useful to monitor the reactivity to Chlamydia pneumoniae possibly providing a link to CHD pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Ausiello
- Unit of Anti-Infectious Immunity, Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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30
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Ausiello CM, Lande R, Stefanelli P, Fazio C, Fedele G, Palazzo R, Urbani F, Mastrantonio P. T-cell immune response assessment as a complement to serology and intranasal protection assays in determining the protective immunity induced by acellular pertussis vaccines in mice. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2003; 10:637-42. [PMID: 12853397 PMCID: PMC164277 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.10.4.637-642.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The relative value of antibodies and/or T-cell immune responses to Bordetella pertussis antigens in the immunity induced by acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines is still an open issue, probably due to the incomplete knowledge on the mechanisms of protective immunity to pertussis. The relevance of T-cell immune responses in protection from pertussis has been demonstrated in murine and human models of infection; thus, in this study, the ability of different vaccine preparations of three component (pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin) aP vaccines to induce T-cell responses was investigated in mice. All vaccine preparations examined passed the immunogenicity control test, based on antibody titer assessment, according to European Pharmacopoeia standards, and protected mice from B. pertussis intranasal challenge, but not all preparations were able to prime T cells to pertussis toxin, the specific B. pertussis antigen. In particular, one vaccine preparation was unable to induce proliferation and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production while the other two gave borderline results. The evaluation of T-cell responses to pertussis toxin antigen may provide information on the protective immunity induced by aP vaccines in animal models. Considering the critical role of the axis interleukin-12-IFN-gamma for protection from pertussis, our results suggest that testing the induction of a key protective cytokine such as IFN-gamma could be an additional tool for the evaluation of the immune response induced by aP vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Ausiello
- Department of Bacteriology and Medical Mycology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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31
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Novellini R, Fattore C, Fedele G, Ferrari M. Epicutaneous Tolerability of an Innovative Foam Formulation of Thiocolchicoside in Healthy Volunteers. Clin Drug Investig 2002. [DOI: 10.2165/00044011-200222040-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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32
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Ferrari MP, Gatti G, Fattore C, Fedele G, Novellini R. Comparative bioavailability and tolerability study of two intramuscular formulations of thiocolchicoside in healthy volunteers. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2001; 26:257-62. [PMID: 11808868 DOI: 10.1007/bf03226380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The comparative bioavailability and tolerability of two intramuscular fomulations of thiocolchicoside (test, Thiocolchicoside, 4 mg ampoules, Dompé S.p.A.; reference, Muscoril, 4 mg ampoules, Inverni della Beffa S.p.A.) were investigated in twelve healthy volunteers according to a single dose (4 mg), cross-over, randomized design. Plasma thiocolchicoside concentrations were determined by using a validated specific HPLC/MS assay and local tolerability was investigated by assessing subjective pain intensity on a visual analogue scale (VAS), reddening at the injection site, and plasma creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels. Pharmacokinetic parameters after administration of the test formulation were similar to those observed after administration of the reference (Tmax 0.50 (0.25-1.00) vs 0.50 (0.25-1.00), median and range; Cmax 115.5 +/- 26.6 vs 113.2 +/- 40.4 ng/ml; AUC 291.6 +/- 77.7 vs 283.3 +/- 98.9 ng.h/ml, means +/- SD). Relative bioavailability (F) was 1.05 +/- 0.13. Statistical comparison of pain intensity, CPK levels and occurrence of redness at the injection site did not show statistically significant differences between formulations. It is concluded that the investigated test formulation is bioequivalent and equally well tolerated as the marketed reference formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Ferrari
- Dompé S.p.A., Medical Department, Milano, Italy
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Aiuti A, Cicchini C, Bernardini S, Fedele G, Amicone L, Fantoni A, Tripodi M. Hematopoietic support and cytokine expression of murine-stable hepatocyte cell lines (MMH). Hepatology 1998; 28:1645-54. [PMID: 9828230 DOI: 10.1002/hep.510280626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
It was recently reported that transgenic expression in the liver of truncated human Met renders hepatocytes constitutively resistant to apoptosis and reproducibly permits their immortalization. The derived stable cell lines (MMH from Met murine hepatocyte) are highly differentiated and nontransformed. In this report, the capacity of MMHs to support in vitro hematopoiesis is characterized. By reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, the expression by MMHs of cytokines involved in the survival and self-renewal of early progenitor cells (stem cell factor and FLT3 ligand) as well as those acting at different stages of progenitor differentiation (interleukin [IL] 1beta, IL-3, leukemia inhibitory factor, IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and thrombopoietin) was shown. A ribonuclease protection assay further substantiated the presence of at least six cytokine transcripts in MMH lines. Cocultures between MMH layers and progenitor-enriched fetal liver hematopoietic cells resulted in a 40-fold to 80-fold expansion of total hematopoietic cells and in a 2.5-fold expansion of clonogenic progenitors after 1 to 2 weeks. Hematopoiesis was maintained for up to 6 weeks with formation of typical cobblestone cell areas and continuous differentiation of precursor into cells at various degrees of maturation. At 5 weeks of coculture, clonogenic progenitors were maintained at 20% of the input level in coculture with embryonic-derived hepatocytes, showing the ability of hepatocyte feeder layer to support survival and possibly self-renewal of clonogenic progenitors. Therefore, the data emphasize a direct role of the hepatocyte in sustaining hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aiuti
- Fondazione Istituto Pasteur-Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Università La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
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34
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Citarella F, Fedele G, Roem D, Fantoni A, Hack CE. The second exon-encoded factor XII region is involved in the interaction of factor XII with factor XI and does not contribute to the binding site for negatively charged surfaces. Blood 1998; 92:4198-206. [PMID: 9834224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Contact system activation, in vitro, is triggered by activation of factor XII (FXII) on binding to an activator, such as negatively charged surfaces. A putative surface-binding site of FXII has been located within the amino acid residues 1-28 by identifying the epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody (MoAb), B7C9, which inhibits kaolin-induced clotting activity. To further elucidate the role of the amino terminal binding site in the regulation of FXII activation, we have characterized a FXII recombinant protein (rFXII-triangle up19) deleted of the amino acid residues 3-19, which are encoded by the second exon of FXII gene. A plasmid encoding for rFXII-triangle up19 was constructed and expressed in HepG2 cells by using vaccinia virus. Purified rFXII-triangle up19 migrated as a single band of Mr 77,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel, did not bind to MoAb B7C9 immobilized on Protein A-Sepharose, thus confirming that it lacked the epitope for this MoAb, and had no amidolytic activity towards the chromogenic substrate S-2302 in the absence of activator. rFXII-triangle up19 specific clotting activity was lower (44%) than that of native FXII. The activation rate of rFXII-triangle up19 by kallikrein in the absence of dextran sulfate was about four times higher than that of full-length FXII and was increased in the presence of dextran sulfate. However, rFXII-triangle up19 underwent autoactivation in the presence of dextran sulfate. Labeled rFXII-triangle up19 bound to kaolin, which binding was equally well inhibited by either, rFXII-triangle up19 or full-length FXII (IC50 = 7.2 +/- 2.2 nmol/L for both proteins). Accordingly, a synthetic peptide corresponding to FXII amino acid residues 3-19 did not inhibit the binding of labeled full-length FXII to kaolin. rFXII-triangle up19 generated a similar amount of FXIIa- and kallikrein-C1-inhibitor complexes in FXII-deficient plasma in the presence of kaolin, as did full-length FXII; but generated less factor XIa-C1-inhibitor complexes (50%) than full-length FXII. This impaired factor XI activation by rFXII-triangle up19a was also observed in a purified system and was independent of the presence of high molecular weight kininogen. Furthermore, the synthetic peptide 3-19, preincubated with factor XI, inhibited up to 30% activation of factor XI both in the purified system as well as in plasma. These results together indicate that amino acid residues 3-19 of FXII are involved in the activation of factor XI and do not contribute to the binding of FXII to negatively charged surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Citarella
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Roma, Italy
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Simeoni L, Forte P, Aiuti A, Candido A, Campese AF, Fedele G, Di Tommaso F, Navarra M, Fantoni A. Transgenic mice expressing human HIV receptors become persistently recipient of HIV DNA after injection with infected human cell lines. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 1998; 43:525-6. [PMID: 9821318 DOI: 10.1007/bf02820812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Simeoni
- Dipartemento Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Italy
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Fiorentino S, Melillo G, Fedele G, Clavenna G, D'Agostino C, Mainetti E, Caselli GF. Ketoprofen lysine salt inhibits disuse-induced osteopenia in a new non-traumatic immobilization model in the rat. Pharmacol Res 1996; 33:277-81. [PMID: 8938021 DOI: 10.1006/phrs.1996.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization and the consequent unloading can cause osteopenia both in humans and in animals due to an increased bone resorption and a parallel reduction in bone formation. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and in particular the aryl propionic acids, are described to prevent bone loss by inhibiting the cyclo-oxygenase activity. In this study we evaluated the role of a classical aryl propionic acid, ketoprofen lysine salt (KLS), in a new model of disuse-induced osteoporosis in the rat. Tail immobilization evoked a time-dependent bone loss in the caudal vertebral bodies, measured densitometrically as a reduction of bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC). KLS was administered once daily for 10 days by subcutaneous route at 0.5 mg kg-1, a dose lower than that effective to elicit an anti-inflammatory response. In these conditions, KLS completely abolished BMD and BMC decrease observed in the caudal vertebrae after 10-day immobilization, without affecting bone mass in normal (non-immobilized) rats. These results suggest that KLS can exert, besides to its anti-inflammatory effect, an anti-resorptive activity on bone that could be useful in the prevention of disuse-induced osteopenia.
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Meyer G, Bottà G, Fedele G, Cremaschi D. Regulation of L-valine absorption by opioids interacting with mu-receptors in rabbit ileum. Experientia 1995; 51:1045-51. [PMID: 7498442 DOI: 10.1007/bf01946913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In intact tissue, [D-Ala2,MePhe4,Gly-ol5]enkephalin (10(-5) M; mu-ligand), diminished short-circuit current (Isc) and increased water, Na+ and Cl- net fluxes in vitro under open circuit conditions; it also inhibited L-valine absorption and L-valine-dependent variations of short-circuit current (delta Isc,val). Naloxone (10(-6) M) antagonized these effects. In the absence of the muscularis and myenteric plexus this enkephalin or morphine (mu-ligand) reduced Isc and delta Isc,val. These enkephalin effects occurred at different times. Different concentrations of enkephalin were tested for their effects on delta Isc,val. [D-Ala2,D-Leu5]enkephalin (mainly a delta-ligand) significantly decreased Isc but not delta Isc,val. The reduction of L-valine absorption does not depend on the effects on basal ion transport. Interaction of opioids with mu-receptors located in the submucosal plexus and/or in the epithelial cell accounts for this reduction. This enkephalin effect seems to be at least partially under the control of the myenteric plexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Meyer
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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Daffonchio L, Bestetti A, Clavenna G, Fedele G, Ferrari MP, Omini C. Effects of a new foam formulation of ketoprofen lysine salt in experimental models of inflammation and hyperalgesia. Arzneimittelforschung 1995; 45:590-4. [PMID: 7541996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and analgesic profile of a new topical foam formulation of ketoprofen lysine salt (CAS 57469-78-0, Artrosilene Schiuma, KLS-foam) was characterized in comparison with marketed gel formulations containing KLS (KLS-gel) or diclofenac diethylammonium salt (DCF-gel). KLS-foam dose-dependently inhibited oedema formation and hyperalgesia induced by subplantar injection of carrageenan or substance P, being more potent than KLS-gel. At equieffective anti-inflammatory doses, KLS-foam provided a more pronounced analgesic effect than DCF-gel. KLS-foam also markedly inhibited exudate formation and prostaglandin production induced by subcutaneous implantation of carrageenan soaked sponges. In carrageenan induced paw inflammation, KLS-foam provided the same anti-inflammatory effect as orally administered KLS, but induced significantly less gastric damages. Oral administration of KLS resulted in sustained systemic absorption of ketoprofen, whereas after topical application of KLS-foam no appreciable ketoprofen plasma levels were detected. These data support the anti-inflammatory and particularly the analgesic effectiveness of the new foam formulation of KLS, a finding that, together with the high gastric tolerability, further emphasizes the usefulness of KLS-foam in the treatment of localized flogistic diseases and associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Daffonchio
- Pharmacological Department, Dompé Farmaceutici SpA, Milan, Italy
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Colombo B, Turconi P, Daffonchio L, Fedele G, Omini C, Cremaschi D. Stimulation of Cl- secretion by the mucoactive drug S-carboxymethylcysteine-lysine salt in the isolated rabbit trachea. Eur Respir J 1994; 7:1622-8. [PMID: 7995391 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.94.07091622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ion transport by the airway epithelium contributes to the regulation of the quantity and composition of respiratory tract fluid, thereby affecting mucociliary clearance. We have investigated the effect of the mucoactive drug S-carboxymethylcysteine-lysine salt (S-CMC-Lys) on the transepithelial bioelectric properties of isolated rabbit trachea. Transepithelial potential difference (Vms), short-circuit current (Isc) and resistance (R) were measured in the isolated rabbit trachea mounted between flux half-chambers, in the presence and in the absence of S-CMC-Lys (100 microM), added to the mucosal or submucosal chamber. In some experiments, tissues were also exposed to ion channel-inhibitors, in order to evaluate the contribution of Na+ and Cl- active transport to Isc. The excised rabbit trachea expressed transepithelial bioelectric properties based on an active ion transport supported by the Na(+)-K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, since ouabain (500 microM) completely abolished the transepithelial potential difference. In control preparations, Vms and Isc declined significantly during 300 min recording, whereas R remained constant. The Isc decline was essentially attributable to a decrease in Cl- transport. Bumetanide (100 microM) almost completely abolished the Isc fraction related to Cl- transport. Treatment of the tissues with S-CMC-Lys reduced the progressive fall in Isc, with the most clear-cut and significant effect observed for the mucosal treatment. In parallel, S-CMC-Lys significantly lowered R, without affecting Vms. Either mucosal or submucosal exposure to S-CMC-Lys significantly increased Cl- secretion to normal values, whilst Na+ absorption was not modified.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- B Colombo
- General Physiology and Biochemistry Dept, University of Milan, Italy
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Biondi PA, Fedele G, Motta A, Secchi C. Determination of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol in urine by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector: a new rapid method. Clin Chim Acta 1979; 94:155-61. [PMID: 378468 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(79)90008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol, a major metabolite of noradrenaline in rat brain, is estimated alone or with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethyleneglycol in rat and human urine by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The samples are hydrolyzed and extracted at pH 2 with ethyl acetate. Then, to analyze only 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol the reaction with n-butaneboronic acid is carried out directly; if 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethyleneglycol also has to be estimated, preliminary acetylation in alkaline aqueous solution is performed. The advantages of the specificity due to the reagents used is discussed.
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