1
|
Bevilaqua M, Rey MCW, Cappellini GCA, Riccardi F, Fortes C, Roehe AV, Bonamigo RR. Tumoral inflammatory infiltrate does not predict metastases in thin primary cutaneous melanomas. An Bras Dermatol 2023; 98:793-798. [PMID: 37355350 PMCID: PMC10589460 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cutaneous melanomas in general, tumor inflammatory infiltrate (TII) can protect against distant metastases, but there is no consensus when only thin primary cutaneous melanomas (TPCM) are considered. OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of TII in TPCM and the relationship between TII and the occurrence of metastases. METHODS Case-control study including 50 patients with TPCM, 22 metastatic (MC group) and 28 non-metastatic (NMC group). The presence of TII was evaluated and, if present, qualified as mild, moderate or marked. RESULTS The mean age was 50.7 years in the MC and 56.2 years in the NMC group (p = 0.234), and the male sex predominated in the MC group (63.6%). The average Breslow thickness was higher in the MC when compared to that observed in the NMC (respectively 0.8 vs. 0.6 mm, p = 0.012). The presence of ulceration occurred in 22.7% of the MC and 17.9% of the NMC (p = 0.732). TII was present in all 50 TPCM, being marked or moderate in 67.9% of the NMC and 54.5% in the MC group (p = 0.503). In the multivariate analysis, the presence of moderate and marked TII had an Odds Ratio (OR) of 0.57 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.18‒1.8) and adjusted OR of 0.68 (95% CI 0.13‒3.99). STUDY LIMITATIONS Small sample size. CONCLUSIONS TII was present in all TPCM (with and without metastases), and it was not possible to demonstrate a protective effect of TII against the appearance of metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Bevilaqua
- Department of Dermatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Felice Riccardi
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Hospital Santa Rita, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Fortes
- Department of Epidemiology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriana Vial Roehe
- Department of Patology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renan Rangel Bonamigo
- Department of Dermatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Oncological Surgery, Hospital Santa Rita, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fikrle T, Divisova B, Pizinger K. Patients with three or more primary melanomas: clinical-epidemiological study. An Bras Dermatol 2023; 98:684-688. [PMID: 37188616 PMCID: PMC10404491 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Fikrle
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Divisova
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Pizinger
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nguyen J, Doolan BJ, Pan Y, Vestergaard T, Paul E, McLean C, Haskett M, Kelly J, Mar V, Chamberlain A. Evaluation of dynamic dermoscopic features of melanoma and benign naevi by sequential digital dermoscopic imaging and total body photography in a high-risk Australian cohort. Australas J Dermatol 2023; 64:67-79. [PMID: 36652275 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Sequential digital dermoscopic imaging (SDDI) and total body photography (TBP) are recommended as a two-step surveillance method for individuals at high-risk of developing cutaneous melanoma. Dermoscopic features specific to melanoma have been well described, however, dynamic changes on serial imaging are less understood. This study aims to identify and compare dermoscopic features in developing melanomas and benign naevi that underwent SDDI and TBP to understand which dermoscopic features may be associated with a malignant change. METHOD Histopathology reports from a private specialist dermatology clinic from January 2007 to December 2019 were reviewed. Histopathologically confirmed melanoma and benign naevi that underwent SDDI and TBP with a minimum follow-up interval of 3 months were included. RESULTS Eighty-nine melanomas (38.2% invasive, median Breslow thickness 0.35 mm, range: 0.2-1.45 mm) and 48 benign naevi were evaluated by three experienced dermatologists for dermoscopic changes. Features most strongly associated with melanoma included the development of neovascularisation, asymmetry and growth in pigment network, additional colours, shiny white structures, regression, structureless areas and change to a multi-component pattern. The presence of atypical vessels (p = 0.02) and shiny white structures (p = 0.02) were significantly associated with invasive melanoma. CONCLUSION Evaluation for certain evolving dermoscopic features in melanocytic lesions monitored by SDDI and TBP is efficient in assisting clinical decision making. SDDI with TBP is an effective tool for early detection of melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Nguyen
- Victorian Melanoma Service, Alfred Health, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brent J Doolan
- Victorian Melanoma Service, Alfred Health, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Yan Pan
- Victorian Melanoma Service, Alfred Health, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University (Alfred Health Campus), Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tine Vestergaard
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eldho Paul
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catriona McLean
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Alfred Health, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin Haskett
- MoleMap by Dermatologists, Victoria, South Melbourne, Australia
| | - John Kelly
- Victorian Melanoma Service, Alfred Health, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University (Alfred Health Campus), Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Victoria Mar
- Victorian Melanoma Service, Alfred Health, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexander Chamberlain
- Victorian Melanoma Service, Alfred Health, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University (Alfred Health Campus), Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pizarro A, Arranz D, Villeta M, Valencia J. Absence of thick, nodular melanomas during long‐term surveillance with total body photography and digital dermatoscopy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:e341-e342. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Pizarro
- Melanoma Unit Clínica Dermatológica Internacional Marqués de Villamagna 8 Madrid 28001 Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Oncología Emilio vargas 16 Madrid 28043 Spain
- Dermatology Service Hospital Universitario La Paz Paseo de la Castellana 261 Madrid 28046 Spain
| | - D. Arranz
- Dermatology Service Hospital Infanta Sofía Paseo de Europa 34, San Sebastián de los Reyes Madrid 28702 Spain
| | - M. Villeta
- Departamento de Estadística y Ciencia de los Datos Facultad de Estudios Estadísiticos Universidad Complutense Avenida Puerta de Hierro 1 Madrid 28040 Spain
| | - J.L. Valencia
- Departamento de Estadística y Ciencia de los Datos Facultad de Estudios Estadísiticos Universidad Complutense Avenida Puerta de Hierro 1 Madrid 28040 Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gardner LJ, Strunck JL, Wu YP, Grossman D. Current controversies in early-stage melanoma: Questions on incidence, screening, and histologic regression. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 80:1-12. [PMID: 30553298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the first article in this continuing medical education series we review controversies and uncertainties relating to the epidemiology and initial diagnosis of localized cutaneous melanoma (ie, stage 0, I, or II). Many of these issues are unsettled because of conflicting evidence. Melanoma incidence appears to be increasing, yet its basis has not been fully explained. Despite the advantages of early detection, the US Preventive Services Task Force does not recommend skin screening for the general population. Occasionally, biopsy specimens of melanoma will show histologic regression, but the prognostic importance of this phenomenon is uncertain. Some practitioners recommend obtaining a sentinel lymph node biopsy specimen for thin melanomas showing regression, although this histologic finding is not part of the staging system for thin melanomas. Our goal is to provide the clinician who cares for patients with (or at risk for) melanoma with up-to-date contextual knowledge to appreciate the multiple sides of each controversy so that they will be better informed to discuss these issues with their patients and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yelena P Wu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Douglas Grossman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Usefulness of dermoscopy to improve the clinical and histopathologic diagnosis of skin cancers. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 80:365-377. [PMID: 30321580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple studies have shown that dermoscopy increases the sensitivity and specificity for the detection of skin cancers compared with examination by the naked eye. Dermoscopy can also lead to the detection of thinner and smaller cancers. In addition, dermoscopy leads to the more precise selection of lesions requiring excision. In essence, dermoscopy helps clinicians differentiate benign from malignant lesions through the presence or absence of specific dermoscopic structures. Therefore, because most dermoscopic structures have direct histopathologic correlates, dermoscopy can allow the prediction of certain histologic findings present in skin cancers, thus helping select management and treatment options for select types of skin cancers. Visualizing dermoscopic structures in the ex vivo specimens can also be beneficial. It can improve the histologic diagnostic accuracy by targeted step-sectioning in areas of concern, which can be marked by the clinician before sending the specimen to the pathologist, or by the pathologist on the excised specimen in the laboratory. In addition, ex vivo dermoscopy can also be used to select tumor areas with genetic importance because some dermoscopic structures have been related to mutations with theragnostic relevance. In the second article in this continuing medical education series, we review the impact of dermoscopy on the diagnostic accuracy of skin cancer, how dermoscopy can affect the histopathologic examination, and which dermoscopic features may be more relevant in terms of histologic and genetic prediction.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ransohoff KJ, Jaju PD, Jaju PD, Tang JY, Carbone M, Leachman S, Sarin KY. Familial skin cancer syndromes: Increased melanoma risk. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 74:423-34; quiz 435-6. [PMID: 26892652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic traits, such as red hair and freckling, increase melanoma risk by 2- to 3-fold. In addition, approximately 10% of melanomas are caused by inherited germline mutations that increase melanoma risk from 4- to >1000-fold. This review highlights the key genes responsible for inherited melanoma, with an emphasis on when a patient should undergo genetic testing. Many genetic syndromes associated with increased melanoma risk are also associated with an increased risk of other cancers. Identification of these high-risk patients is essential for preventive behavior reinforcement, genetic counseling, and ensuring other required cancer screenings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prajaka D Jaju
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California
| | - Jean Y Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California
| | - Michele Carbone
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Sancy Leachman
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kavita Y Sarin
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Characterization of individuals at high risk of developing melanoma in Latin America: bases for genetic counseling in melanoma. Genet Med 2015; 18:727-36. [PMID: 26681309 PMCID: PMC4940430 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2015.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: CDKN2A is the main high-risk melanoma-susceptibility gene, but it has been poorly assessed in Latin America. We sought to analyze CDKN2A and MC1R in patients from Latin America with familial and sporadic multiple primary melanoma (SMP) and compare the data with those for patients from Spain to establish bases for melanoma genetic counseling in Latin America. Genet Med18 7, 727–736. Methods: CDKN2A and MC1R were sequenced in 186 Latin American patients from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay, and in 904 Spanish patients. Clinical and phenotypic data were obtained. Genet Med18 7, 727–736. Results: Overall, 24 and 14% of melanoma-prone families in Latin America and Spain, respectively, had mutations in CDKN2A. Latin American families had CDKN2A mutations more frequently (P = 0.014) than Spanish ones. Of patients with SMP, 10% of those from Latin America and 8.5% of those from Spain had mutations in CDKN2A (P = 0.623). The most recurrent CDKN2A mutations were c.-34G>T and p.G101W. Latin American patients had fairer hair (P = 0.016) and skin (P < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of MC1R variants (P = 0.003) compared with Spanish patients. Genet Med18 7, 727–736. Conclusion: The inclusion criteria for genetic counseling of melanoma in Latin America may be the same criteria used in Spain, as suggested in areas with low to medium incidence, SMP with at least two melanomas, or families with at least two cases among first- or second-degree relatives. Genet Med18 7, 727–736.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ribero S, Davies JR, Glass D, Quaglino P, Newton Bishop JA, Nagore E, Puig S, Bataille V. Authors' reply to: High naevus counts confer a favourable prognosis in patients with melanoma. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:3008-9. [PMID: 26109292 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ribero
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John R Davies
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, LICAP, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Glass
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Dermatology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Julia A Newton Bishop
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, LICAP, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Nagore
- Department of Dermatology, Instituto Valenciano De Oncologıa, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Veronique Bataille
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Dermatology Department, West Herts NHS Trust, Herts, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Salerni G, Alonso C, Fernández-Bussy R. A series of small-diameter melanomas on the legs: dermoscopic clues for early recognition. Dermatol Pract Concept 2015; 5:31-6. [PMID: 26693087 PMCID: PMC4667599 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0504a08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Salerni
- Hospital Provincial del Centenario de Rosario, Argentina. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina ; Diagnóstico Médico Oroño, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Carlos Alonso
- Hospital Provincial del Centenario de Rosario, Argentina. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina ; Diagnóstico Médico Oroño, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ramón Fernández-Bussy
- Hospital Provincial del Centenario de Rosario, Argentina. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Potrony M, Badenas C, Aguilera P, Puig-Butille JA, Carrera C, Malvehy J, Puig S. Update in genetic susceptibility in melanoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2015; 3:210. [PMID: 26488006 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.08.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most deadly of the common skin cancers and its incidence is rapidly increasing. Approximately 10% of cases occur in a familial context. To date, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), which was identified as the first melanoma susceptibility gene more than 20 years ago, is the main high-risk gene for melanoma. A few years later cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) was also identified as a melanoma susceptibility gene. The technologic advances have allowed the identification of new genes involved in melanoma susceptibility: Breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) associated protein 1 (BAP1), CXC genes, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), protection of telomeres 1 (POT1), ACD and TERF2IP, the latter four being involved in telomere maintenance. Furthermore variants in melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) give a moderately increased risk to develop melanoma. Melanoma genetic counseling is offered to families in order to better understand the disease and the genetic susceptibility of developing it. Genetic counseling often implies genetic testing, although patients can benefit from genetic counseling even when they do not fulfill the criteria for these tests. Genetic testing for melanoma predisposition mutations can be used in clinical practice under adequate selection criteria and giving a valid test interpretation and genetic counseling to the individual.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Potrony
- 1 Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain ; 3 Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celia Badenas
- 1 Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain ; 3 Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Aguilera
- 1 Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain ; 3 Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Anton Puig-Butille
- 1 Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain ; 3 Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Carrera
- 1 Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain ; 3 Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- 1 Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain ; 3 Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- 1 Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain ; 3 Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Meneses M, Chavez-Bourgeois M, Badenas C, Villablanca S, Aguilera P, Bennàssar A, Alos L, Puig S, Malvehy J, Carrera C. Atypical Clinical Presentation of Xeroderma Pigmentosum in a Patient Harboring a Novel Missense Mutation in the XPC Gene: The Importance of Clinical Suspicion. Dermatology 2015; 231:217-21. [PMID: 26278556 DOI: 10.1159/000433527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a genodermatosis caused by abnormal DNA repair. XP complementation group C (XPC) is the most frequent type in Mediterranean countries. We describe a case with a novel mutation in the XPC gene. CASE A healthy Caucasian male patient was diagnosed with multiple primary melanomas. Digital follow-up and molecular studies were carried out. RESULTS During digital follow-up 8 more additional melanomas were diagnosed. Molecular studies did not identify mutations in CDKN2A, CDK4 or MITF genes. Two heterozygous mutations in the XPC gene were detected: c.2287delC (p.Leu763Cysfs*4) frameshift and c.2212A>G (p.Thr738Ala) missense mutations. CONCLUSION The p.Thr738Ala missense mutation has not been previously described. Missense mutations in the XPC gene may allow partial functionality that could explain this unusual late onset XP. Atypical clinical presentation of XPC could be misdiagnosed when genetic aberrations allow partial DNA repair capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Meneses
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Watts CG, Dieng M, Morton RL, Mann GJ, Menzies SW, Cust AE. Clinical practice guidelines for identification, screening and follow-up of individuals at high risk of primary cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review. Br J Dermatol 2014; 172:33-47. [PMID: 25204572 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how individuals at high-risk of primary cutaneous melanoma are best identified, screened and followed up will help optimize melanoma prevention strategies and clinical management. We conducted a systematic review of international clinical practice guidelines and documented the quality of supporting evidence for recommendations for clinical management of individuals at high risk of melanoma. Guidelines published between January 2000 and July 2014 were identified from a systematic search of Medline, Embase and four guideline databases; 34 guidelines from 20 countries were included. High-risk characteristics that were consistently reported included many melanocytic naevi, dysplastic naevi, family history, large congenital naevi, and Fitzpatrick Type I and II skin types. Most guidelines identify risk factors and recommend that individuals at high risk of cutaneous melanoma be monitored, but only half of the guidelines provide recommendations for screening based on level of risk. There is disagreement in screening and follow-up recommendations for those with an increased risk of future melanoma. High-level evidence supports long-term screening of individuals at high risk and monitoring using dermoscopy. Evidence is low for defining screening intervals and duration of follow-up, and for skin self-examination, although education about skin self-examination is widely encouraged. Clinical practice guidelines would benefit from a dedicated section for identification, screening and follow-up of individuals at high risk of melanoma. Guidelines could be improved with clear definitions of multiple naevi, family history and frequency of follow-up. Research examining the benefits and costs of alternative management strategies for groups at high risk will enhance the quality of recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C G Watts
- Cancer Epidemiology and Services Research (CESR), The University of Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Salerni G, Terán T, Alonso C, Fernández-Bussy R. The role of dermoscopy and digital dermoscopy follow-up in the clinical diagnosis of melanoma: clinical and dermoscopic features of 99 consecutive primary melanomas. Dermatol Pract Concept 2014; 4:39-46. [PMID: 25396084 PMCID: PMC4230257 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0404a07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Early recognition is the most important intervention to improve melanoma prognosis. Objective: To report the value of dermoscopy and digital dermoscopy in the clinical diagnosis of malignant melanoma (MM). Methods: Retrospective analysis of 99 consecutive primary MMs diagnosed between 2010 and 2013. The MMs were divided into 3 groups: 1) the MM was the reason for consultation (MMC), 2) the MM was detected during routine control of nevi (MMRC), and 3) the MM was detected due to changes observed during digital dermoscopy follow-up (MMDFU). Clinical, dermoscopic and histologic features were assessed. Results: A total of 99 MMs were diagnosed in 89 patients (55% male) with a mean age of 50.8 (18-93) years. Of all the MMs, 35 were the reason for patient consultation (MMC), 52 were detected during routine control of nevi (MMRC) and 12 were diagnosed due to changes observed with digital dermoscopy (MMDFU). On clinical examination, 74.2 % of MMC met the 4 ABCD criteria, while only 30.7 % of MMRC and 8.3 % of MMDFU. Most MMC were correctly classified as malignant according to dermoscopy, but 44.2% of MMRC and only 16.7% of MMDFU. 22.9% of MMC, 50% of MMRC and 58.3% of MMDFU were in situ. Mean Breslow thickness was significantly lower in the MMDFU group (0.52 mm) than in the MMRC and MMDFU groups (0.77 and 1.43 mm respectively). Conclusions: The use of dermoscopy and digital dermoscopy allows the detection of MMs in early stages, even in the absence of specific criteria for malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Salerni
- Hospital Provincial del Centenario de Rosario, Argentina, & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina ; Diagnóstico Médico Oroño, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Teresita Terán
- Faculty, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
| | - Carlos Alonso
- Hospital Provincial del Centenario de Rosario, Argentina, & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina ; Diagnóstico Médico Oroño, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ramón Fernández-Bussy
- Hospital Provincial del Centenario de Rosario, Argentina, & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Argenziano G, Giacomel J, Zalaudek I, Blum A, Braun RP, Cabo H, Halpern A, Hofmann-Wellenhof R, Malvehy J, Marghoob AA, Menzies S, Moscarella E, Pellacani G, Puig S, Rabinovitz H, Saida T, Seidenari S, Soyer HP, Stolz W, Thomas L, Kittler H. A Clinico-Dermoscopic Approach for Skin Cancer Screening. Dermatol Clin 2013; 31:525-34, vii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
Badenas C, Aguilera P, Puig-Butillé JA, Carrera C, Malvehy J, Puig S. Genetic counseling in melanoma. Dermatol Ther 2013; 25:397-402. [PMID: 23046018 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2012.01499.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Genetic counseling may be offered to families with melanoma and to individuals with multiple melanomas to better understand the genetic susceptibility of the disease, the influence of environmental factors, the inheritance of the risk, and behavior that decreases the risk of dying from melanoma, including specific dermatological follow-up such as total body photography and digital dermoscopy. Genetic testing may be offered to those individuals with more than a 10% chance of being a carrier of a mutation. This risk varies according to the incidence of melanoma in the country and sun behavior. In countries with a low-medium incidence of melanoma, genetic testing should be offered to families with two cases of melanoma or an individual with two primary melanomas. In countries with a high incidence, families with three cases of melanoma, with two melanomas and one pancreatic adenocarcinoma, or patients with three primary melanomas, may benefit from genetic testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celia Badenas
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Biochemical and Molecular Genetics Service, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The PI3K-PTEN-AKT signaling pathway is involved in various cellular activities, including proliferation, migration, cell growth, cell survival and differentiation during adult homeostasis as well as in tumorigenesis. It has been suggested that the constitutive activation of PI3K/AKT signaling with concurrent loss of function of the tumor suppressor molecule PTEN contributes to cancer formation. Members of the PI3K-PTEN-AKT pathway, including these proteins and mTOR, are altered in melanoma tumors and cell lines. A hallmark of activation of the pathway is the loss of function of PTEN. Indeed, loss of heterozygosity of PTEN has been observed in approximately 30% of human melanomas, implicating this signaling pathway in this cancer. PI3K signaling activation, via loss of PTEN function, can inhibit proapoptotic genes such as the FoxO family of transcription factors, while inducing cell growth- and cell survival-related elements such as p70S6K and AKT. Determining how the PI3K-PTEN-AKT signaling pathway, alone or in cooperation with other pathways, orchestrates the induction of target genes involved in a diverse range of activities is a major challenge in research into melanoma initiation and progression. Moreover, the acquisition of basic knowledge will help patient management with appropriate therapies that are already, or will shortly be, on the market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Conde-Perez
- Institut Curie, Developmental Genetics of Melanocytes, Bat. 110, 91405, Orsay, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tzeng CWD, Abbott DE, Cantor SB, Fleming JB, Lee JE, Pisters PWT, Varadhachary GR, Abbruzzese JL, Wolff RA, Ahmad SA, Katz MHG. Frequency and intensity of postoperative surveillance after curative treatment of pancreatic cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20:2197-203. [PMID: 23408126 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-2889-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few data exist to guide oncologic surveillance following curative treatment of pancreatic cancer. We sought to identify a rational, cost-effective postoperative surveillance strategy. METHODS We constructed a Markov model to compare the cost-effectiveness of 5 postoperative surveillance strategies. No scheduled surveillance served as the baseline strategy. Clinical evaluation and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 testing without/with routine computed tomography and chest X-ray at either 6- or 3-month intervals served as the 4 comparison strategies of increasing intensity. We populated the model with symptom, recurrence, treatment, and survival data from patients who had received intensive surveillance after multimodality treatment at our institution between 1998 and 2008. Costs were based on Medicare payments (2011 US dollars). RESULTS The baseline strategy of no scheduled surveillance was associated with a postoperative overall survival (OS) of 24.6 months and a cost of $3837/patient. Clinical evaluation and CA 19-9 assay every 6 months until recurrence was associated with a 32.8-month OS and a cost of $7496/patient, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $5364/life-year (LY). Additional routine imaging every 6 months incrementally increased total cost by $3465 without increasing OS. ICERs associated with clinic visits every 3 months without/with routine imaging were $127,680 and $294,696/LY, respectively. Sensitivity analyses changed the strategies' absolute costs but not the relative ranks of their ICERs. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the frequency and intensity of postoperative surveillance of patients after curative therapy for pancreatic cancer beyond clinical evaluation and CA 19-9 testing every 6 months increases cost but confers no clinically significant survival benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Wei D Tzeng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
van der Leest R, Liu L, Coebergh J, Neumann H, Mooi W, Nijsten T, de Vries E. Risk of second primary
in situ
and invasive melanoma in a Dutch population‐based cohort: 1989–2008. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167:1321-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - L. Liu
- Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J.W.W. Coebergh
- Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Cancer Registry, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - W.J. Mooi
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - E. de Vries
- Departments of Dermatology
- Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Argenziano G, Albertini G, Castagnetti F, De Pace B, Di Lernia V, Longo C, Pellacani G, Piana S, Ricci C, Zalaudek I. Early diagnosis of melanoma: what is the impact of dermoscopy? Dermatol Ther 2012; 25:403-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2012.01482.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Barbara De Pace
- Dermatology Unit; Medical Department; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova
| | - Vito Di Lernia
- Dermatology Unit; Medical Department; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova
| | - Caterina Longo
- Dermatology Unit; Medical Department; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Department of Dermatology; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Department of Pathology; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova; Reggio Emilia
| | - Cinzia Ricci
- Dermatology Unit; Medical Department; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Department of Dermatology; Medical University of Graz; Graz; Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Luttrell MJ, McClenahan P, Hofmann-Wellenhof R, Fink-Puches R, Soyer HP. Laypersons’ sensitivity for melanoma identification is higher with dermoscopy images than clinical photographs. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167:1037-41. [PMID: 22762457 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11130.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Luttrell
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tzeng CWD, Fleming JB, Lee JE, Wang X, Pisters PWT, Vauthey JN, Varadhachary G, Wolff RA, Katz MHG. Yield of clinical and radiographic surveillance in patients with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma following multimodal therapy. HPB (Oxford) 2012; 14:365-72. [PMID: 22568412 PMCID: PMC3384860 DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2012.00445.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following potentially curative resection at this centre, patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) are routinely enrolled in a programme of clinical and radiographic surveillance. This study sought to evaluate its diagnostic yield. METHODS All patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for PAC at this institution during 1998-2008 were identified. Patients with asymptomatic recurrence were compared with those with symptomatic recurrence. Factors associated with survival following the detection of recurrence were compared. RESULTS A total of 216 of 327 (66.1%) resected patients developed recurrence. Asymptomatic recurrence was detected in 118 (54.6%) patients. Symptomatic recurrence was associated with multifocal disease or carcinomatosis, poor performance status and less frequent subsequent therapy. Median time to recurrence did not differ between groups, but survival after detection was shorter in symptomatic patients (5.1 months vs. 13.0 months; P < 0.001). Treatment was administered more frequently to asymptomatic patients (91.2% vs. 61.4%; P < 0.001). At recurrence, a preserved performance status score of ≤ 1, further therapy, low CA 19-9, and an isolated site of recurrence were independently associated with longer post-recurrence survival (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Overall, 54.6% of cases of recurrent PAC were detected prior to the onset of symptoms using a standardized clinical and radiographic surveillance strategy. Although this retrospective analysis limits definitive conclusions associating this strategy with survival, these results suggest the need for further studies of postoperative surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Wei D Tzeng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Jason B Fleming
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Lee
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Peter W T Pisters
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Gauri Varadhachary
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Robert A Wolff
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew H G Katz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Salerni G, Carrera C, Lovatto L, Martí-Laborda RM, Isern G, Palou J, Alós L, Puig S, Malvehy J. Characterization of 1152 lesions excised over 10 years using total-body photography and digital dermatoscopy in the surveillance of patients at high risk for melanoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012; 67:836-45. [PMID: 22521205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2012.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combined use of total-body photography and digital dermatoscopy, named "two-step method of digital follow-up," allowed the detection of incipient melanoma as a result of dermatoscopic or macroscopic changes during follow-up. OBJECTIVE We sought to assess dermatoscopic features and dynamic changes leading to excision of melanocytic lesions during our 10-year experience of monitoring patients at high risk for melanoma. METHODS We analyzed 1152 lesions excised during the surveillance of 618 patients at high risk for melanoma from 1999 to 2008. RESULTS A total of 779 excised lesions had been previously recorded: 728 were removed because of dermatoscopic changes during follow-up and 51 were removed even though no significant change was noted. The remaining 373 excised lesions were new or undetected on previous total-body photography. A total of 98 melanomas were detected, 60 in the monitored lesions, and 38 among the "new" lesions. The most frequent dermatoscopic changes detected were asymmetric enlargement in almost 60% (n = 418), focal changes in structure in 197 (27%) and in pigmentation in 122 (17%), the latter two being more frequently seen in melanomas than in nevi (both P < .001). No significant differences were detected between dermatoscopic or histopathological characteristics of the melanomas in each group, with a considerable proportion of melanomas misclassified as benign in both groups (26.3% and 38.3%, respectively). LIMITATIONS The dermatoscopy pattern of stable lesions and the histopathology of lesions not removed were not included in the study. CONCLUSION The most frequent dermatoscopic features associated with melanoma were focal change in pigmentation or structure. Melanomas detected by dermatoscopic changes were remarkably similar to those detected in total-body photography. Almost 40% of melanomas diagnosed in individuals at high risk corresponded to lesions that were not under dermatoscopic surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Salerni
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clìnic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|