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Kim RY, Joo Y, Ha E, Hong H, Suh C, Shim Y, Lee H, Kim Y, Cho JH, Yoon S, Lyoo IK. Alterations in Brain Morphometric Networks and Their Relationship with Memory Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Exp Neurobiol 2024; 33:107-117. [PMID: 38724480 PMCID: PMC11089400 DOI: 10.5607/en24005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction, a significant complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), can potentially manifest even from the early stages of the disease. Despite evidence of global brain atrophy and related cognitive dysfunction in early-stage T2DM patients, specific regions vulnerable to these changes have not yet been identified. The study enrolled patients with T2DM of less than five years' duration and without chronic complications (T2DM group, n=100) and demographically similar healthy controls (control group, n=50). High-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data were subjected to independent component analysis to identify structurally significant components indicative of morphometric networks. Within these networks, the groups' gray matter volumes were compared, and distinctions in memory performance were assessed. In the T2DM group, the relationship between changes in gray matter volume within these networks and declines in memory performance was examined. Among the identified morphometric networks, the T2DM group exhibited reduced gray matter volumes in both the precuneus (Bonferroni-corrected p=0.003) and insular-opercular (Bonferroni-corrected p=0.024) networks relative to the control group. Patients with T2DM demonstrated significantly lower memory performance than the control group (p=0.001). In the T2DM group, reductions in gray matter volume in both the precuneus (r=0.316, p=0.001) and insular-opercular (r=0.199, p=0.047) networks were correlated with diminished memory performance. Our findings indicate that structural alterations in the precuneus and insular-opercular networks, along with memory dysfunction, can manifest within the first 5 years following a diagnosis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rye Young Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yoonji Joo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Eunji Ha
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Haejin Hong
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Chaewon Suh
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Youngeun Shim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Hyeonji Lee
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyoung Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Sujung Yoon
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - In Kyoon Lyoo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Dolatshahi M, Sanjari Moghaddam H, Saberi P, Mohammadi S, Aarabi MH. Central nervous system microstructural alterations in Type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of diffusion Tensor imaging studies. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 205:110645. [PMID: 37004976 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic childhood disease with potentially persistent CNS disruptions. In this study, we aimed to systematically review diffusion tensor imaging studies in patients with T1DM to understand the microstructural effects of this entity on individuals' brains METHODS: We performed a systematic search and reviewed the studies to include the DTI studies in individuals with T1DM. The data for the relevant studies were extracted and a qualitative synthesis was performed. RESULTS A total of 19 studies were included, most of which showed reduced FA widespread in optic radiation, corona radiate, and corpus callosum, as well as other frontal, parietal, and temporal regions in the adult population, while most of the studies in the juvenile patients showed non-significant differences or a non-persistent pattern of changes. Also, reduced AD and MD in individuals with T1DM compared to controls and non-significant differences in RD were noted in the majority of studies. Microstructural alterations were associated with clinical profile, including age, hyperglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis and cognitive performance. CONCLUSION T1DM is associated with microstructural brain alterations including reduced FA, MD, and AD in widespread brain regions, especially in association with glycemic fluctuations and in adult age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Dolatshahi
- NeuroImaging Laboratories, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, United States; NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Parastoo Saberi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soheil Mohammadi
- NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hadi Aarabi
- Department of Neuroscience and Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Özkan E, Çetin-Taş Y, Şekerdağ E, Yiğit B, Shomalizadeh N, Sapancı S, Ozler C, Kesibi J, Kızılırmak AB, Pekmez M, Yapıcı-Eser H, Zeybel M, Karahüseyinoğlu S, Gürsoy-Özdemir Y. Hyperglycemia with or without insulin resistance triggers different structural changes in brain microcirculation and perivascular matrix. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:307-321. [PMID: 36305999 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Both type-1 and type-2 DM are related to an increased risk of cognitive impairment, neurovascular complications, and dementia. The primary triggers for complications are hyperglycemia and concomitant insulin resistance in type-2 DM. However, the diverse mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetes-related neurovascular complications and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in type-1 and 2 have not been elucidated yet. Here, we investigated the high fat-high sucrose (HFHS) feeding model and streptozotocin-induced type-1 DM model to study the early effects of hyperglycemia with or without insulin resistance to demonstrate the brain microcirculatory changes, perivascular ECM alterations in histological sections and 3D-reconstructed cleared brain tissues. One of the main findings of this study was robust rarefaction in brain microvessels in both models. Interestingly, the HFHS model leads to widespread non-functional angiogenesis, but the type-1 DM model predominantly in the rostral brain. Rarefaction was accompanied by basement membrane thickening and perivascular collagen accumulation in type-1 DM; more severe blood-brain barrier leakage, and disruption of perivascular ECM organization, mainly of elastin and collagen fibers' structural integrity in the HFHS model. Our results point out that the downstream mechanisms of the long-term vascular complications of hyperglycemia models are structurally distinctive and may have implications for appropriate treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Özkan
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Koç University Hospital, 34010, Zeytinburnu, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yağmur Çetin-Taş
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Şekerdağ
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Buket Yiğit
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Selin Sapancı
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Ozler
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Judy Kesibi
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali B Kızılırmak
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Pekmez
- Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hale Yapıcı-Eser
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müjdat Zeybel
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serçin Karahüseyinoğlu
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Gürsoy-Özdemir
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Namgung E, Kim J, Jeong H, Ma J, Hong G, Kang I, Kim J, Joo Y, Kim RY, Lyoo IK. Changes in Prefrontal Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid and Perfusion After the Computerized Relaxation Training in Women With Psychological Distress: A Preliminary Report. Front Psychol 2021; 12:569113. [PMID: 33927662 PMCID: PMC8076529 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.569113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Computerized relaxation training has been suggested as an effective and easily accessible intervention for individuals with psychological distress. To better elucidate the neural mechanism that underpins the effects of relaxation training, we investigated whether a 10-session computerized relaxation training program changed prefrontal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in women with psychological distress. We specifically focused on women since they were reported to be more vulnerable to develop stress-related disorders than men. Nineteen women with psychological distress but without a diagnosis of psychiatric disorders received the 10-day computerized relaxation training program that consisted of 30-min cognitive-relaxation training and 10-min breathing-relaxation training per day. At baseline and post-intervention, perceived stress levels, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep quality were assessed by self-report questionnaires. Brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy and arterial spin labeling scans were also performed before and after the intervention to evaluate GABA levels and relative CBF in the prefrontal region. Levels of perceived stress (t = 4.02, P < 0.001), anxiety (z = 2.33, P = 0.02), fatigue (t = 3.35, P = 0.004), and sleep quality (t = 4.14, P < 0.001) improved following 10 sessions of computerized relaxation training, resulting in a significant relief in composite scores of stress-related symptoms (t = -5.25, P < 0.001). The prefrontal GABA levels decreased (t = 2.53, P = 0.02), while relative CBF increased (t = -3.32, P = 0.004) after the intervention. In addition, a greater increase in relative prefrontal CBF was associated with better composite scores of stress-related symptoms following the intervention (t = 2.22, P = 0.04). The current findings suggest that computerized relaxation training may improve stress-related symptoms through modulating the prefrontal GABA levels and CBF in women with psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Namgung
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungyoon Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Jeong
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Gahae Hong
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ilhyang Kang
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinsol Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoonji Joo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rye Young Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Kyoon Lyoo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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5
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Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Liao X, Wang W. Executive Function and Diabetes: A Clinical Neuropsychology Perspective. Front Psychol 2020; 11:2112. [PMID: 32973635 PMCID: PMC7468478 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Diabetes is a global public health concern. Management of diabetes depends on successful implementation of strategies to alleviate decline in executive functions (EFs), a characteristic of diabetes progression. In this review, we describe recent research on the relationship between diabetes and EF, summarize the existing evidence, and put forward future research directions and applications. Methods Herein, we provide an overview of recent studies, to elucidate the relationship between DM and EF. We identified new screening objectives, management tools, and intervention targets for diabetes management. We also discuss the implications for clinical practice. Results In both types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperglycemia substantially impairs EF in people of all age groups and ethnicities. Hypoglycemia can similarly impair EF. Interestingly, a decline in EF contributes to DM progression. Glucose dysregulation and EF decline exacerbate each other in a vicious cycle: poor blood glucose control, impaired EF, diabetes management task failure, then back to poor blood glucose control. Many pathophysiological indexes (e.g., obesity, metabolic index, inflammatory and immune factors), neuropsychological indexes (e.g., compliance, eating habits, physical exercise, sleep, and depression), and genetic factors are changed by this pathological interaction between DM and EF. These changes can provide insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetes-related EF decline. Conclusion Further studies, including large-scale prospective and randomized controlled trials, are needed to elucidate the mechanism of the interaction between diabetes and EF and to develop novel strategies for breaking this cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- International Medical Center/Ward of General Practice and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Periodical Press and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liao
- International Medical Center/Ward of General Practice and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiwen Wang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
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6
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Bolo NR, Jacobson AM, Musen G, Keshavan MS, Simonson DC. Acute Hyperglycemia Increases Brain Pregenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex Glutamate Concentrations in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2020; 69:1528-1539. [PMID: 32295804 PMCID: PMC7306132 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The brain mechanisms underlying the association of hyperglycemia with depressive symptoms are unknown. We hypothesized that disrupted glutamate metabolism in pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in type 1 diabetes (T1D) without depression affects emotional processing. Using proton MRS, we measured glutamate concentrations in ACC and occipital lobe cortex (OCC) in 13 subjects with T1D without major depression (HbA1c 7.1 ± 0.7% [54 ± 7 mmol/mol]) and 11 healthy control subjects without diabetes (HbA1c 5.5 ± 0.2% [37 ± 3 mmol/mol]) during fasting euglycemia followed by a 60-min +5.5 mmol/L hyperglycemic clamp (HG). Intrinsic neuronal activity was assessed using resting-state blood oxygen level-dependent functional MRI to measure the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in slow-4 band (fALFF4). Emotional processing and depressive symptoms were assessed using emotional tasks (emotional Stroop task, self-referent encoding task [SRET]) and clinical ratings (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAM-D], Symptom Checklist-90 Revised [SCL-90-R]), respectively. During HG, ACC glutamate increased (1.2 mmol/kg, 10% P = 0.014) while ACC fALFF4 was unchanged (-0.007, -2%, P = 0.449) in the T1D group; in contrast, glutamate was unchanged (-0.2 mmol/kg, -2%, P = 0.578) while fALFF4 decreased (-0.05, -13%, P = 0.002) in the control group. OCC glutamate and fALFF4 were unchanged in both groups. T1D had longer SRET negative word response times (P = 0.017) and higher depression rating scores (HAM-D P = 0.020, SCL-90-R depression P = 0.008). Higher glutamate change tended to associate with longer emotional Stroop response times in T1D only. Brain glutamate must be tightly controlled during hyperglycemia because of the risk for neurotoxicity with excessive levels. Results suggest that ACC glutamate control mechanisms are disrupted in T1D, which affects glutamatergic neurotransmission related to emotional or cognitive processing. Increased prefrontal glutamate during acute hyperglycemic episodes could explain our previous findings of associations among chronic hyperglycemia, cortical thinning, and depressive symptoms in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas R Bolo
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alan M Jacobson
- Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY
| | - Gail Musen
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Donald C Simonson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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7
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Black S, Kraemer K, Shah A, Simpson G, Scogin F, Smith A. Diabetes, Depression, and Cognition: a Recursive Cycle of Cognitive Dysfunction and Glycemic Dysregulation. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18:118. [PMID: 30267224 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-018-1079-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The study aims to examine the effects of diabetes and depression on executive functioning (EF) and to review the effects of EF deficits on diabetes management. RECENT FINDINGS Both type 2 diabetes and depression influence EF, and in turn, EF has an impact on diabetes management. Individuals with both comorbidities (i.e., diabetes and depression) experience greater deficits in EF than individuals with just one of the morbidities (i.e., depression or diabetes). The disruption in EF results in poor diabetes management and poor emotion regulation which ultimately increases the probability of a recursive cycle of depression and hyperglycemia. This recursive cycle can ultimately lead to diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Black
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
| | - Kyle Kraemer
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Avani Shah
- School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Box 870314, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35401, USA
| | - Gaynell Simpson
- School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Box 870314, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35401, USA
| | - Forrest Scogin
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Annie Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
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8
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Jeon EJ. Diabetes and depression. Yeungnam Univ J Med 2018; 35:27-35. [PMID: 31620567 PMCID: PMC6784677 DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2018.35.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and depression are serious chronic conditions. As a result of their increasing prevalence, diabetes and depression, together with population growth and aging, are public health issues. The rate of depression in adults with either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes is high relative to the general population. The coexistence of diabetes and depression has attracted much interest. Although it is unclear whether diabetes and depression are causally linked, most studies have shown that the association between diabetes and depression might be bidirectional. Currently, emotional well-being is becoming an increasingly important aspect of diabetes care and self-management. Psychiatric disorders and diabetic distress among people with diabetes may increase the risk of diabetes complication and mortality. Thus, assessment and appropriate management of depression in people with diabetes should be considered to achieve psychological well-being and optimize medical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eon-Ju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Improvement of spatial learning and memory, cortical gyrification patterns and brain oxidative stress markers in diabetic rats treated with Ficus deltoidea leaf extract and vitexin. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 8:190-202. [PMID: 29322009 PMCID: PMC5755998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that Ficus deltoidea and vitexin played important roles in controlling hyperglycemia, an effective mitigation strategy dealing with cognitive deficit observed in diabetes, little is known about its neuroprotective effects. The study is aimed to determine changes in behavioral, gyrification patterns and brain oxidative stress markers in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats following F. deltoidea and vitexin treatments. Diabetic rats were treated orally with metformin, methanolic extract of F. deltoidea leaves and vitexin for eight weeks. Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to evaluate learning and memory functions. The patterns of cortical gyrification were subsequently visualized using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Quantification of brain oxidative stress biomarkers, insulin, amylin as well as serum testosterone were measured using a spectrophotometer. The brain fatty acid composition was determined using gas chromatography (GC). Biochemical variation in brain was estimated using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Results showed that oral administration of F. deltoidea extract and vitexin to diabetic rats attenuated learning and memory impairment, along with several clusters of improved gyrification. Both treatments also caused a significant increase in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) values, as well as a significant reduction of TBARS. Strikingly, improvement of cortical gyrification, spatial learning and memory are supported by serum testosterone levels, fatty acid composition of brain and FT-IR spectra.
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Nagy B, Szabó I, Takács G, Csetényi B, Hormay E, Karádi Z. Impaired glucose tolerance after streptozotocin microinjection into the mediodorsal prefrontal cortex of the rat. Physiol Int 2017; 103:403-412. [PMID: 28229628 DOI: 10.1556/2060.103.2016.4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The mediodorsal prefrontal cortex (mdPFC) is a key structure of the central glucose-monitoring (GM) neural network. Previous studies indicate that intracerebral streptozotocin (STZ) microinjection-induced destruction of local chemosensory neurons results in feeding and metabolic alterations. The present experiments aimed to examine whether STZ microinjection into the mdPFC causes metabolic deficits. To do so, glucose tolerance test (GTT) and measurements of plasma metabolites were performed in STZ-treated or control rats. Intraperitoneal D-glucose load was delivered 20 min or 4 weeks following the intracerebral microinjection of STZ or saline (acute or subacute GTT, respectively). The STZ-treated rats displayed acute glucose intolerance: at the 120th min of the test, blood glucose level of these rats was significantly higher than that of the ones in the control group. When determining the plasma level of various metabolites, 30 min following the intracerebral STZ or saline microinjection, the triglyceride concentration of the STZ-treated rats was found to be reduced compared with that of the control rats. The GM neurons of the mdPFC are suggested to be involved in the organization of complex metabolic processes by which these chemosensory cells contribute to adaptive control mechanisms of the maintenance of homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nagy
- 1 Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
| | - I Szabó
- 1 Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
| | - G Takács
- 1 Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
| | - B Csetényi
- 1 Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
| | - E Hormay
- 1 Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
| | - Z Karádi
- 1 Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
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Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Augmentation on Brain Metabolic and Network Outcome Measures in Women With Major Depressive Disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 80:439-447. [PMID: 26822799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Creatine monohydrate (creatine) augmentation has the potential to accelerate the clinical responses to and enhance the overall efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment in women with major depressive disorder (MDD). Although it has been suggested that creatine augmentation may involve the restoration of brain energy metabolism, the mechanisms underlying its antidepressant efficacy are unknown. METHODS In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 52 women with MDD were assigned to receive either creatine augmentation or placebo augmentation of escitalopram; 34 subjects participated in multimodal neuroimaging assessments at baseline and week 8. Age-matched healthy women (n = 39) were also assessed twice at the same intervals. Metabolic and network outcomes were measured for changes in prefrontal N-acetylaspartate and changes in rich club hub connections of the structural brain network using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging, respectively. RESULTS We found MDD-related metabolic and network dysfunction at baseline. Improvement in depressive symptoms was greater in patients receiving creatine augmentation relative to placebo augmentation. After 8 weeks of treatment, prefrontal N-acetylaspartate levels increased significantly in the creatine augmentation group compared with the placebo augmentation group. Increment in rich club hub connections was also greater in the creatine augmentation group than in the placebo augmentation group. CONCLUSIONS N-acetylaspartate levels and rich club connections increased after creatine augmentation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment. Effects of creatine administration on brain energy metabolism and network organization may partly underlie its efficacy in treating women with MDD.
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Subgenual Cingulate Cortex Functional Connectivity in Relation to Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Functioning in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Psychosom Med 2016; 78:740-9. [PMID: 27136504 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at an increased risk for major depression, but its underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. In nondiabetic participants, mood disturbances are related to altered subgenual cingulate cortex (SGC) resting-state functional connectivity. We tested for SGC connectivity alterations in T1DM, whether these alterations were related to depressive symptoms, and if depressive symptoms were associated with cognition. METHODS A bilateral SGC seed-based resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis was performed in 104 T1DM patients and 49 controls without known psychiatric diagnosis or treatment. Depressive symptoms were self-reported using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Cognition was assessed with a battery of standardized tests. RESULTS In patients versus controls, SGC to right inferior frontal gyrus and frontal pole connectivity was decreased (52 voxels, z valuepeak = 3.56, pcluster-FWE = .002), whereas SGC to bilateral precuneus (33 voxels, z valuepeak = 3.34, pcluster-FWE = .04) and left inferior parietal lobule (50 voxels, z valuepeak = 3.50, pcluster-FWE = .003) connectivity was increased. In all participants, increased depressive symptoms was related to lower SGC to inferior frontal gyrus and frontal pole connectivity (β = -0.156, p = .053), and poorer general cognitive ability (β = -0.194, p = .023), information processing speed (β = -0.222, p = .008), and motor speed (β = -0.180, p = .035). CONCLUSIONS T1DM patients showed a pattern of SGC connectivity that is characterized by lower executive control and higher default mode network connectivity. Depressive symptoms are partially related to these alterations and seem to exacerbate T1DM-related cognitive dysfunction. Future studies should detail the effect of diagnosed major depressive disorder in this population and establish what alterations are diabetes specific.
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13
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Depression and diabetes: Debunking the myth of mind-body dichotomy. INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SPECIALITIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.injms.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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van Duinkerken E, Ijzerman RG, Klein M, Moll AC, Snoek FJ, Scheltens P, Pouwels PJW, Barkhof F, Diamant M, Tijms BM. Disrupted subject-specific gray matter network properties and cognitive dysfunction in type 1 diabetes patients with and without proliferative retinopathy. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 37:1194-208. [PMID: 26700243 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, especially with concomitant microvascular disease, such as proliferative retinopathy, have an increased risk of cognitive deficits. Local cortical gray matter volume reductions only partially explain these cognitive dysfunctions, possibly because volume reductions do not take into account the complex connectivity structure of the brain. This study aimed to identify gray matter network alterations in relation to cognition in T1DM. METHODS We investigated if subject-specific structural gray matter network properties, constructed from T1-weighted MRI scans, were different between T1DM patients with (n = 51) and without (n = 53) proliferative retinopathy versus controls (n = 49), and were associated to cognitive decrements and fractional anisotropy, as measured by voxel-based TBSS. Global normalized and local (45 bilateral anatomical regions) clustering coefficient and path length were assessed. These network properties measure how the organization of connections in a network differs from that of randomly connected networks. RESULTS Global gray matter network topology was more randomly organized in both T1DM patient groups versus controls, with the largest effects seen in patients with proliferative retinopathy. Lower local path length values were widely distributed throughout the brain. Lower local clustering was observed in the middle frontal, postcentral, and occipital areas. Complex network topology explained up to 20% of the variance of cognitive decrements, beyond other predictors. Exploratory analyses showed that lower fractional anisotropy was associated with a more random gray matter network organization. CONCLUSION T1DM and proliferative retinopathy affect cortical network organization that may consequently contribute to clinically relevant changes in cognitive functioning in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eelco van Duinkerken
- Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Rio De Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Richard G Ijzerman
- Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Klein
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annette C Moll
- Department of Ophthalmology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Snoek
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Psychology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center/Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra J W Pouwels
- Department of Physics and Medical Technology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michaela Diamant
- Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Betty M Tijms
- Alzheimer Center/Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Functional Connectivity of Insula, Basal Ganglia, and Prefrontal Executive Control Networks during Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes. J Neurosci 2015; 35:11012-23. [PMID: 26245963 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0319-15.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human brain networks mediating interoceptive, behavioral, and cognitive aspects of glycemic control are not well studied. Using group independent component analysis with dual-regression approach of functional magnetic resonance imaging data, we examined the functional connectivity changes of large-scale resting state networks during sequential euglycemic-hypoglycemic clamp studies in patients with type 1 diabetes and nondiabetic controls and how these changes during hypoglycemia were related to symptoms of hypoglycemia awareness and to concurrent glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. During hypoglycemia, diabetic patients showed increased functional connectivity of the right anterior insula and the prefrontal cortex within the executive control network, which was associated with higher HbA1c. Controls showed decreased functional connectivity of the right anterior insula with the cerebellum/basal ganglia network and of temporal regions within the temporal pole network and increased functional connectivity in the default mode and sensorimotor networks. Functional connectivity reductions in the right basal ganglia were correlated with increases of self-reported hypoglycemic symptoms in controls but not in patients. Resting state networks that showed different group functional connectivity during hypoglycemia may be most sensitive to glycemic environment, and their connectivity patterns may have adapted to repeated glycemic excursions present in type 1 diabetes. Our results suggest that basal ganglia and insula mediation of interoceptive awareness during hypoglycemia is altered in type 1 diabetes. These changes could be neuroplastic adaptations to frequent hypoglycemic experiences. Functional connectivity changes in the insula and prefrontal cognitive networks could also reflect an adaptation to changes in brain metabolic pathways associated with chronic hyperglycemia. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The major factor limiting improved glucose control in type 1 diabetes is the significant increase in hypoglycemia associated with insulin treatment. Repeated exposure to hypoglycemia alters patients' ability to recognize the autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms associated with low plasma glucose levels. We examined brain resting state networks during the induction of hypoglycemia in diabetic and control subjects and found differences in networks involved in sensorimotor function, cognition, and interoceptive awareness that were related to chronic levels of glycemic control. These findings identify brain regions that are sensitive to variations in plasma glucose levels and may also provide a basis for understanding the mechanisms underlying the increased incidence of cognitive impairment and affective disorders seen in patients with diabetes.
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Bächle C, Lange K, Stahl-Pehe A, Castillo K, Scheuing N, Holl RW, Giani G, Rosenbauer J. Symptoms of Eating Disorders and Depression in Emerging Adults with Early-Onset, Long-Duration Type 1 Diabetes and Their Association with Metabolic Control. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131027. [PMID: 26121155 PMCID: PMC4487688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study analyzed the prevalence of and association between symptoms of eating disorders and depression in female and male emerging adults with early-onset, long-duration type 1 diabetes and investigated how these symptoms are associated with metabolic control. Methods In a nationwide population-based survey, 211 type 1 diabetes patients aged 18-21 years completed standardized questionnaires, including the SCOFF questionnaire for eating disorder symptoms and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for symptoms of depression and severity of depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score). Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between eating disorder and depressive symptoms and their associations with HbA1c. Results A total of 30.2% of the women and 9.5% of the men were screening positive for eating disorders. The mean PHQ-9 score (standard deviation) was 5.3 (4.4) among women and 3.9 (3.6) among men. Screening positive for an eating disorder was associated with more severe depressive symptoms among women (βwomen 3.8, p<0.001). However, neither eating disorder symptoms nor severity of depressive symptoms were associated with HbA1c among women, while HbA1c increased with the severity of depressive symptoms among men (βmen 0.14, p=0.006). Conclusions Because of the high prevalence of eating disorder and depressive symptoms, their interrelationship, and their associations with metabolic control, particularly among men, regular mental health screening is recommended for young adults with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bächle
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Karin Lange
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Medical Psychology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Stahl-Pehe
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katty Castillo
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Scheuing
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- University of Ulm, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm, Germany
| | - Reinhard W. Holl
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- University of Ulm, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm, Germany
| | - Guido Giani
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Rosenbauer
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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17
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Bächle C, Lange K, Stahl-Pehe A, Castillo K, Holl RW, Giani G, Rosenbauer J. Associations between HbA1c and depressive symptoms in young adults with early-onset type 1 diabetes. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015; 55:48-58. [PMID: 25720348 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to evaluate the associations between metabolic control and each DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fifth edition) symptom of depression among young women and men with early-onset long-duration type 1 diabetes. METHODS The data of 202 18-21-year-old patients with type 1 diabetes from a population-based, nationwide survey (40.1% male) with a mean age of 19.4 (standard deviation 0.9) years, a mean HbA1c level of 8.3% (1.6%) (i.e., 67 [17.5]mmol/mol), and a mean diabetes duration of 15.7 (1.0) years were included. The German version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression symptoms. For each PHQ-9 depressive symptom, the mean HbA1c values of screening-positive and screening-negative patients were compared via t-test. The associations between HbA1c levels and depressive symptoms were analyzed using multiple linear regression analyses and stepwise adjustments for individual, socioeconomic and health-related covariates. RESULTS Exactly 43.0% and 33.3% of female and male participants reported at least one depressive symptom, and 5.0% and 2.5% met the DSM-5 criteria for major depressive syndrome. HbA1c levels increased with psychomotor agitation/retardation (women), overeating/poor appetite (men/women), lethargy (men), and sleep difficulty (men). Overeating/poor appetite, lethargy, and total PHQ-9 score (per score increase by one) were associated with increased HbA1c levels of 1.10, 0.96 and 0.09 units (%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The associations between depressive symptoms and HbA1c levels vary by symptom and sex. Differentiating the symptoms of depression and targeted interventions might help to improve metabolic outcomes in young adults with early-onset type 1 diabetes and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bächle
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
| | - Karin Lange
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Medical Psychology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, OE 5430, D-30626 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Stahl-Pehe
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
| | - Katty Castillo
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
| | - Reinhard W Holl
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; University of Ulm, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Albert-Einstein-Allee 41, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Guido Giani
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
| | - Joachim Rosenbauer
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
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Chew BH, Shariff-Ghazali S, Fernandez A. Psychological aspects of diabetes care: Effecting behavioral change in patients. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:796-808. [PMID: 25512782 PMCID: PMC4265866 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i6.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) need psychological support throughout their life span from the time of diagnosis. The psychological make-up of the patients with DM play a central role in self-management behaviors. Without patient’s adherence to the effective therapies, there would be persistent sub-optimal control of diseases, increase diabetes-related complications, causing deterioration in quality of life, resulting in increased healthcare utilization and burden on healthcare systems. However, provision of psychosocial support is generally inadequate due to its challenging nature of needs and demands on the healthcare systems. This review article examines patient’s psychological aspects in general, elaborates in particular about emotion effects on health, and emotion in relation to other psychological domains such as cognition, self-regulation, self-efficacy and behavior. Some descriptions are also provided on willpower, resilience, illness perception and proactive coping in relating execution of new behaviors, coping with future-oriented thinking and influences of illness perception on health-related behaviors. These psychological aspects are further discussed in relation to DM and interventions for patients with DM. Equipped with the understanding of the pertinent nature of psychology in patients with DM; and knowing the links between the psychological disorders, inflammation and cardiovascular outcomes would hopefully encourages healthcare professionals in giving due attention to the psychological needs of patients with DM.
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van Duinkerken E, Schoonheim MM, Steenwijk MD, Klein M, IJzerman RG, Moll AC, Heymans MW, Snoek FJ, Barkhof F, Diamant M. Ventral striatum, but not cortical volume loss, is related to cognitive dysfunction in type 1 diabetic patients with and without microangiopathy. Diabetes Care 2014; 37:2483-90. [PMID: 24973436 DOI: 10.2337/dc14-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with longstanding type 1 diabetes may develop microangiopathy due to high cumulative glucose exposure. Also, chronic hyperglycemia is related to cerebral alterations and cognitive dysfunction. Whether the presence of microangiopathy is conditional to the development of hyperglycemia-related cerebral compromise is unclear. Since subcortical, rather than cortical, volume loss was previously related to cognitive dysfunction in other populations, we measured these brain correlates and cognitive functions in patients with longstanding type 1 diabetes with and without microangiopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated differences in subcortical volume and cortical thickness and volume in type 1 diabetic patients with (n = 51) and without (n = 53) proliferative retinopathy and 49 control subjects and related volume differences to cognitive dysfunction. Analyses were corrected for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, and A1C. RESULTS Putamen and right thalamic volume loss was noted in both patients with and without proliferative retinopathy compared with control subjects (all P < 0.05). Additionally, in patients with proliferative retinopathy relative to control subjects, volume loss of the bilateral nucleus accumbens was found (all P < 0.05). No differences were observed between the two patient groups. Cortical thickness and volume were not different between groups. In pooled analyses, lower left nucleus accumbens volume was associated with cognitive dysfunction (P < 0.035). CONCLUSIONS This study shows subcortical, but not cortical, volume loss in relation to cognitive dysfunction in patients with longstanding type 1 diabetes, irrespective of microangiopathy. The time course, pathophysiology, and clinical relevance of these findings need to be established in longitudinal and mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eelco van Duinkerken
- Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Menno M Schoonheim
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn D Steenwijk
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Klein
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Richard G IJzerman
- Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annette C Moll
- Department of Ophthalmology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn W Heymans
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank J Snoek
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michaela Diamant
- Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Holt RIG, de Groot M, Lucki I, Hunter CM, Sartorius N, Golden SH. NIDDK international conference report on diabetes and depression: current understanding and future directions. Diabetes Care 2014; 37:2067-77. [PMID: 25061135 PMCID: PMC4113168 DOI: 10.2337/dc13-2134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Comorbid diabetes and depression are a major clinical challenge as the outcomes of each condition are worsened by the other. This article is based on the presentations and discussions during an international meeting on diabetes and depression convened by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) in collaboration with the National Institute of Mental Health and the Dialogue on Diabetes and Depression. While the psychological burden of diabetes may contribute to depression in some cases, this explanation does not sufficiently explain the relationship between these two conditions. Shared biological and behavioral mechanisms, such as hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation, inflammation, autonomic dysfunction, sleep disturbance, inactive lifestyle, poor dietary habits, and environmental and cultural risk factors, are important to consider in understanding the link between depression and diabetes. Both individual psychological and pharmacological depression treatments are effective in people with diabetes, but the current range of treatment options is limited and has shown mixed effects on glycemic outcomes. More research is needed to understand what factors contribute to individual differences in vulnerability, treatment response, and resilience to depression and metabolic disorders across the life course and how best to provide care for people with comorbid diabetes and depression in different health care settings. Training programs are needed to create a cross-disciplinary workforce that can work in different models of care for comorbid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard I G Holt
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K.
| | - Mary de Groot
- Diabetes Translational Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Irwin Lucki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Christine M Hunter
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Norman Sartorius
- Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes and the Dialogue on Diabetes and Depression, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sherita H Golden
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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Demuru M, van Duinkerken E, Fraschini M, Marrosu F, Snoek FJ, Barkhof F, Klein M, Diamant M, Hillebrand A. Changes in MEG resting-state networks are related to cognitive decline in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2014; 5:69-76. [PMID: 25003029 PMCID: PMC4081980 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective Integrity of resting-state functional brain networks (RSNs) is important for proper cognitive functioning. In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) cognitive decrements are commonly observed, possibly due to alterations in RSNs, which may vary according to microvascular complication status. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that functional connectivity in RSNs differs according to clinical status and correlates with cognition in T1DM patients, using an unbiased approach with high spatio-temporal resolution functional network. Methods Resting-state magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data for T1DM patients with (n = 42) and without (n = 41) microvascular complications and 33 healthy participants were recorded. MEG time-series at source level were reconstructed using a recently developed atlas-based beamformer. Functional connectivity within classical frequency bands, estimated by the phase lag index (PLI), was calculated within eight commonly found RSNs. Neuropsychological tests were used to assess cognitive performance, and the relation with RSNs was evaluated. Results Significant differences in terms of RSN functional connectivity between the three groups were observed in the lower alpha band, in the default-mode (DMN), executive control (ECN) and sensorimotor (SMN) RSNs. T1DM patients with microvascular complications showed the weakest functional connectivity in these networks relative to the other groups. For DMN, functional connectivity was higher in patients without microangiopathy relative to controls (all p < 0.05). General cognitive performance for both patient groups was worse compared with healthy controls. Lower DMN alpha band functional connectivity correlated with poorer general cognitive ability in patients with microvascular complications. Discussion Altered RSN functional connectivity was found in T1DM patients depending on clinical status. Lower DMN functional connectivity was related to poorer cognitive functioning. These results indicate that functional connectivity may play a key role in T1DM-related cognitive dysfunction. MEG RSN functional connectivity was estimated among T1DM+ and T1DM− patients and controls. Lower alpha band in DMN, ECN and SMN significantly differed among groups. Functional connectivity may play a key role in T1DM-related cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Demuru
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy ; Department of Public Health, Clinic and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Eelco van Duinkerken
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ; Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Fraschini
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Marrosu
- Department of Public Health, Clinic and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Frank J Snoek
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Klein
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michaela Diamant
- Diabetes Centre/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Hillebrand
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and MEG Centre, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lee JH, Choi Y, Jun C, Hong YS, Cho HB, Kim JE, Lyoo IK. Neurocognitive changes and their neural correlates in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2014; 29:112-21. [PMID: 25031883 PMCID: PMC4091490 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2014.29.2.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
As the prevalence and life expectancy of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continue to increase, the importance of effective detection and intervention for the complications of T2DM, especially neurocognitive complications including cognitive dysfunction and dementia, is receiving greater attention. T2DM is thought to influence cognitive function through an as yet unclear mechanism that involves multiple factors such as hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and vascular disease. Recent developments in neuroimaging methods have led to the identification of potential neural correlates of T2DM-related neurocognitive changes, which extend from structural to functional and metabolite alterations in the brain. The evidence indicates various changes in the T2DM brain, including global and regional atrophy, white matter hyperintensity, altered functional connectivity, and changes in neurometabolite levels. Continued neuroimaging research is expected to further elucidate the underpinnings of cognitive decline in T2DM and allow better diagnosis and treatment of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun H Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yera Choi
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chansoo Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Hong
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Byul Cho
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jieun E Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Kyoon Lyoo
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Rovner BW, Haller JA, Casten RJ, Murchison AP, Hark LA. Depression and Risk Perceptions in Older African Americans With Diabetes. Diabetes Spectr 2014; 27:114-8. [PMID: 26246767 PMCID: PMC4522885 DOI: 10.2337/diaspect.27.2.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study is to describe the impact of depression on perceptions of risks to health, diabetes self-management practices, and glycemic control in older African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Methods. The authors analyzed data on depression, risk perceptions, diabetes self-management, and A1C in African Americans with type 2 diabetes. T-tests, χ(2), and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data. Results. The sample included 177 African Americans (68% women) whose average age was 72.8 years. Thirty-four participants (19.2%) met criteria for depression. Compared to nondepressed participants, depressed participants scored significantly higher on Personal Disease Risk (the perception of being at increased risk for various medical problems), Environmental Risk (i.e., increased risk for environmental hazards), and Composite Risk Perception (i.e., overall perceptions of increased risk); adhered less to diabetes self-management practices; and had marginally worse glycemic control. Depression and fewer years of education were independent predictors of overall perception of increased health risks. Conclusion. Almost 20% of older African Americans with type 2 diabetes in this study were depressed. Compared to nondepressed participants, they tended to have fewer years of education, perceived themselves to be at higher risk for multiple health problems, and adhered less to diabetes self-management practices. It is important for diabetes educators to recognize the impact of low education and the fatalistic perceptions that depression engenders in this population.
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Network-level structural abnormalities of cerebral cortex in type 1 diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71304. [PMID: 24058401 PMCID: PMC3751935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) usually begins in childhood and adolescence and causes lifelong damage to several major organs including the brain. Despite increasing evidence of T1DM-induced structural deficits in cortical regions implicated in higher cognitive and emotional functions, little is known whether and how the structural connectivity between these regions is altered in the T1DM brain. Using inter-regional covariance of cortical thickness measurements from high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance data, we examined the topological organizations of cortical structural networks in 81 T1DM patients and 38 healthy subjects. We found a relative absence of hierarchically high-level hubs in the prefrontal lobe of T1DM patients, which suggests ineffective top-down control of the prefrontal cortex in T1DM. Furthermore, inter-network connections between the strategic/executive control system and systems subserving other cortical functions including language and mnemonic/emotional processing were also less integrated in T1DM patients than in healthy individuals. The current results provide structural evidence for T1DM-related dysfunctional cortical organization, which specifically underlie the top-down cognitive control of language, memory, and emotion.
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