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Kunz F, Kayserili H, Midro A, Silva D, Basnayake S, Güven Y, Borys J, Schanze D, Stellzig‐Eisenhauer A, Bloch‐Zupan A, Zenker M. Characteristic dental pattern with hypodontia and short roots in Fraser syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:1681-1689. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kunz
- Department of Orthodontics University Hospital of Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- KOÇ University School of Medicine (KUSoM) Medical Genetics Department Topkapi Zeytinburnu Istanbul Turkey
| | - Alina Midro
- Department of Clinical Genetics Medical University Białystok Poland
| | - Deepthi Silva
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Kelaniya Ragama Sri Lanka
| | | | - Yeliz Güven
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Jan Borys
- Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Medical University of Bialystok Poland
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg Germany
| | | | - Agnes Bloch‐Zupan
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS‐UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg Illkirch‐Graffenstaden France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco‐Dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, O‐Rares, Filière Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO Strasbourg France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg Germany
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Fraser syndrome-oral manifestations and a dental care protocol. Case Rep Dent 2015; 2014:486108. [PMID: 25587460 PMCID: PMC4283454 DOI: 10.1155/2014/486108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fraser syndrome is a rare genetic malformation with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance and an incidence of consanguinity ranging from 15% to 25%. A 5-year-old male patient who is a carrier of Fraser syndrome initiated treatment in the pediatric dentistry sector. The patient was fed parenterally since birth, experienced recurring bouts of chronic lung disease, and was referred to the pediatric dentistry sector by the medical team. Radiographic examination revealed the presence of all permanent teeth. Supragingival dental calculus, halitosis, and gingival inflammation were also observed. Dental calculus was removed by manual scraping, and chemotherapeutic agents were used, chlorhexidine 0,12%, chlorhexidine gel 2%, and PVP-I, to control the bacterial flora. The patient is still being monitored after an 8-year follow-up period, the complications associated with periodontal disease decreased, and since the initiation of treatment, the patient has not needed to be hospitalized because of chronic lung disease. This study reports the case of a patient diagnosed with Fraser syndrome and describes the clinical manifestations (general and oral).
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Case report: Hypodontia and short roots in a child with Fraser syndrome. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2012; 12:216-8. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03262810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Two-Stage Reconstruction for Eyelid Deformities in Partial Cryptophthalmos. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 27:282-6. [DOI: 10.1097/iop.0b013e318201d627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kantaputra P, Eiumtrakul P, Matin T, Opastirakul S, Visrutaratna P, Mevate U. Cryptophthalmos, dental and oral abnormalities, and brachymesophalangy of second toes: new syndrome or Fraser syndrome? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2001; 98:263-8. [PMID: 11169565 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20010122)98:3<263::aid-ajmg1092>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report on an 8-year-old Thai girl with bilateral complete cryptophthalmos, facial asymmetry, delayed bone age, brachymesophalangy and medial deviation of the second toes, and dental anomalies. The dental anomalies consist of delayed dental development, congenital absence of the second premolars, microdontia of the deciduous molars. A fibrous band of the buccal mucosa was found. Dental anomalies are rare among patients with Fraser syndrome. They have not been reported in either isolated or other syndromic cryptophthalmos. The oral manifestations and brachymesophalangy of the second toes found in our patient may represent newly recognized findings associated with cryptophthalmos or they may represent a newly recognized syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kantaputra
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Abstract
A 16-year-old girl with Fraser syndrome underwent abdominal hysterectomy under general anaesthesia. She had multiple congenital anomalies which included a cardiac defect and airway abnormalities. Intubation difficulties were circumvented by the retrograde technique of placement of the tracheal tube.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Jagtap
- Department of Anaesthesiology, L.T.M. Medical College, Sion, Bombay, India
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Konrad H, Merriam JC, Jones IS. Rehabilitation of a child with partial unilateral cryptophthalmos and multiple congenital anomalies. TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1995; 93:219-40; discussion 241-4. [PMID: 8719680 PMCID: PMC1312059 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)70557-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper describes the surgical rehabilitation of a child with craniofacial anomalies, unilateral syndactyly, and partial unilateral cryptophthalmos associated with inferior colobomata of the iris and optic nerve and agenesis of the inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. The clinical presentation of cryptophthalmos is described. METHODS The medical literature since the original description of cryptophthalmos in 1872 was reviewed to define patterns of inheritance and the incidence of associated anomalies. RESULTS Including this patient, 149 case reports of cryptophthalmos were identified. In two families transmission from parent to child suggests dominant inheritance. None of the five dominant cases had any other anomalies, and all had bilateral complete cryptophthalmos. The incidence of cryptophthalmos in the remaining families is consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. This group includes patients with bilateral, unilateral, and partial cryptophthalmos. Other anomalies are common, including those of the ear and nose, limbs, genitourinary system, and mouth and palate. Mortality in the perinatal period is associated with renal agenesis, laryngeal atresia, and pulmonary hypoplasia. CONCLUSIONS Cryptophthalmos is a rare congenital anomaly with two patterns of inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Konrad
- Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
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Stevens CA, McClanahan C, Steck A, Shiel FO, Carey JC. Pulmonary hyperplasia in the Fraser cryptophthalmos syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1994; 52:427-31. [PMID: 7747754 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320520407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We report on 2 sibs with the Fraser cryptophthalmos syndrome who had pulmonary hyperplasia and laryngeal stenosis. A third unrelated patient with Fraser syndrome had laryngeal stenosis, renal agenesis, and normal lung development, rather than the expected pulmonary hypoplasia. Three additional cases of pulmonary hyperplasia in the Fraser syndrome were ascertained from a review. In all of these cases the likely mechanism for pulmonary hyperplasia is retention of fetal lung fluid by laryngeal or tracheal obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga
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Abstract
Fraser Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder (Gupta and Saxena, 1962; Smith, 1982). The most consistent feature is cryptophthalmos (hidden eye), but frequently abnormalities of the ears (meatal stenosis, dysplastic pinna), nose (hypoplastic notched nares, choanal stenosis or atresia), and larynx (glottic web, subglottic stenosis), as well as numerous other anomalies are encountered. We present four cases that have been treated at the Hospital for Sick Children in the last ten years, and describe the various ENT anomalies characteristic of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Ford
- ENT Department, Cambridge Military Hospital, Aldershot, Hants
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Mena W, Krassikoff N, Philips JB. Fused eyelids, airway anomalies, ovarian cysts, and digital abnormalities in siblings: a new autosomal recessive syndrome or a variant of Fraser syndrome? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1991; 40:377-82. [PMID: 1951446 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320400327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe two siblings of unlike gender born to non-consanguineous parents, with similar and unique congenital malformations. These include fused eyelids, craniofacial anomalies, ovarian cyst, subglottic stenosis, specific digital abnormalities, and no detected chromosomal abnormality. The specific digital abnormalities in both patients are characterized by extension of metacarpophalangeal joints with flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint of both index fingers with resulting overlap of the second digit over the third. Similar changes were noted in both second toes. The brain weight of both infants was less than that expected for their birth weights. We reviewed the differential diagnosis of fused eyelids, airway anomalies, and ovarian cysts, and the manifestations resemble those seen in Fraser syndrome. We conclude that the dissimilarities warrant considering that our patients have a distinct autosomal recessive syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Mena
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294
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Abstract
The association of congenital ablepharon with the absence of eyelashes and eyebrows, a wide mouth (macrostomia), and auricular, nasal, genital, and other systemic anomalies has been termed the ablepharon macrostomia syndrome. One such case is reported which illustrates the importance of immediate postnatal ocular management to minimise severe visual loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Price
- Department of Paediatri, Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital, Birmingham
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Walton WT, Enzenauer RW, Cornell FM. Abortive cryptophthalmos: a case report and a review of cryptophthalmos. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1990; 27:129-32. [PMID: 2195148 DOI: 10.3928/0191-3913-19900501-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cryptophthalmos is a rare, probably autosomal recessive condition in which the lid folds fail to separate in the embryo resulting in a continuous sheet of skin from the forehead to the cheeks covering the eyes. Cryptophthalmos has many variants and is usually associated with multiple other congenital anomalies. This article reports on an isolated case of "abortive cryptophthalmos" with multiple systemic anomalies. The surgical treatment is described and the general features of the cryptophthalmos syndrome and its variants are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Walton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora, Colo 80045-5001
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Ramsing M, Rehder H, Holzgreve W, Meinecke P, Lenz W. Fraser syndrome (cryptophthalmos with syndactyly) in the fetus and newborn. Clin Genet 1990; 37:84-96. [PMID: 2155726 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1990.tb03484.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and autopsy findings in two fetuses and one newborn infant with Fraser syndrome are presented. Discussion focuses on the range of phenotypic expression within this autosomal-recessive disorder, the resulting difficulties in prenatal and postnatal diagnosis, and on the concept of a neurocristopathy as underlying disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ramsing
- Institut für Humangenetik der Medizinischen Universität zu Lübeck, F.R.G
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Boyd PA, Keeling JW, Lindenbaum RH. Fraser syndrome (cryptophthalmos-syndactyly syndrome): a review of eleven cases with postmortem findings. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1988; 31:159-68. [PMID: 2851937 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320310119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Detailed postmortem findings from 11 cases of probable Fraser (cryptophthalmos-syndactyly) syndrome are reported. Eight cases presented as neonatal deaths, one as a stillbirth, and there were 2 midtrimester fetuses. All of the cases had ocular, otic, digital, laryngeal, and renal abnormalities. Details of the pregnancies and sibship data are also reported. The possibility of prenatal diagnosis for this syndrome is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Boyd
- Department of Medical Genetics, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Jackson IT, Shaw KE, del Pinal Matorras F. A new feature of the ablepharon macrostomia syndrome: zygomatic arch absence. BRITISH JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 1988; 41:410-6. [PMID: 3293678 DOI: 10.1016/0007-1226(88)90084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The ablepharon macrostomia syndrome is an extremely rare congenital anomaly. It is characterised by bilateral absence or hypoplasia of lower eyelids, macrostomia and multiple other congenital anomalies. Three cases have been reported (McCarthy and West, 1977; Hornblass and Reifler, 1985). In addition to ablepharon and macrostomia, other anomalies common to all patients include auricular deformity, nasal alar deformity, absence of lanugo hair, dry, ichthyotic skin and ambiguous genitalia. A new feature of the syndrome is described--absence of the zygomatic arches. In addition, an expanded and revised classification of the ablepharon macrostomia syndrome and related disorders is presented. Skin graft pigmentation in this black patient has been prevented by prolonged application of sun block.
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Affiliation(s)
- I T Jackson
- Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
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Pe'er J, BenEzra D, Sela M, Hemo I. Cryptophthalmos syndrome. Clinical and histopathological findings. OPHTHALMIC PAEDIATRICS AND GENETICS 1987; 8:177-82. [PMID: 2830570 DOI: 10.3109/13816818709031466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The clinical and histological findings in two cases of complete bilateral cryptophthalmos from two families are described. In one family, the genetic mode of transmission is most probably autosomal recessive. The parents were first cousins and from the ten deliveries only two children were alive. Seven offspring died soon after birth. At least two of these had complete bilateral cryptophthalmic features in addition to the described offspring. In the other family, the mode of transmission is unclear as the offspring was the first born of non-consanguineous parents with negative family history. Both cases showed similar external clinical appearance and anomalies. Chromosomal studies revealed normal female (first case) and male (second case) karyotypes. The latter, who died a few minutes after delivery, had bilateral agenesis demonstrating features compatible with Potter's syndrome. Apart from the complete covering of the eye globes with skin, the lack of eyebrows and eyelids, the two patients showed also similar histological ocular findings. The eyes in both cases demonstrated well developed posterior segment architecture including optic nerves, with a complete early arrest of anterior segment development and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pe'er
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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Gattuso J, Patton MA, Baraitser M. The clinical spectrum of the Fraser syndrome: report of three new cases and review. J Med Genet 1987; 24:549-55. [PMID: 3118036 PMCID: PMC1050267 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.24.9.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Three new cases of the Fraser syndrome are presented and 68 published cases are reviewed. A quantitative estimate of the frequency of clinical manifestations is given. Craniofacial abnormalities were reported in all patients, cryptophthalmos in 93%, and syndactyly in 54%. Abnormalities of the ears, nose, genitalia, and urinary system were reported in 44%, 37%, 49%, and 37% of cases respectively. This variability should be taken into account when attempting prenatal diagnosis; a combination of ultrasound and fetoscopy should provide the best approach. Of the reported cases 26% were stillborn and 19% died in the first year of life. Renal and pulmonary malformations were associated with early death.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gattuso
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Child Health, London
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Thomas IT, Frias JL, Felix V, Sanchez de Leon L, Hernandez RA, Jones MC. Isolated and syndromic cryptophthalmos. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1986; 25:85-98. [PMID: 3099574 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320250111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The association between cryptophthalmos and multiple congenital malformations has been well documented over the last century. Numerous authors have described cases as the cryptophthalmos syndrome, but recently reports of cases without cryptophthalmos have led several authors to use the eponymic designation Fraser syndrome. We have seen seven cases of cryptophthalmos syndrome, including three sib pairs. All presented with cryptophthalmos and bilateral renal agenesis in addition to other characteristic associated malformations. A literature review showed 124 cases in which 27 demonstrated isolated cryptophthalmos, while 97 showed a pattern of multiple congenital malformations. We selected four major and eight minor criteria which enabled us to classify 86 of those cases as having cryptophthalmos syndrome with 11 remaining unclassified. Cryptophthalmos demonstrates equal sex distribution, occurrence in sibs, consanguinity in families with more than one affected child, and lack of vertical transmission--strongly suggesting autosomal recessive inheritance. Isolated cryptophthalmos or cryptophthalmos sequence was sporadic in 16 cases and familial in 11. The familial cases occurred in three families and demonstrated vertical transmission. The pathogenesis of this syndrome is unknown. There are similarities to animal models of maternal vitamin A deprivation and defects in programmed cell death. Cryptophthalmos syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cases with multiple congenital malformations, especially when they are associated with renal agenesis, even in the absence of cryptophthalmos.
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Greenberg F, Keenan B, De Yanis V, Finegold M. Gonadal dysgenesis and gonadoblastoma in situ in a female with Fraser (cryptophthalmos) syndrome. J Pediatr 1986; 108:952-4. [PMID: 3086530 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80939-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
The ablepharon macrostomia syndrome is a severe congenital condition that includes total absence of the upper and lower eyelids, failure of lip fusion that results in an enlarged, fish-like mouth, abnormally shaped ears and nose, absence of lanugo, ventral hernia, and ambiguous genitalia. In one such patient we were able to reconstruct the eyelids in a three-stage procedure. Redundant skin from the retroauricular area was used to create full-thickness grafts. The child later underwent successful mouth reconstruction. Although developmentally delayed, the child was eventually able to sit unassisted, to grasp objects, and to follow light with some fixation. Nystagmus was severe. The retina was attached in one eye and detached in the other. Corneal opacities present initially improved in one eye, allowing a view of the pupil and a normal anterior chamber.
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Abstract
Genetic factors are becoming increasingly important causes of both congenital and acquired eye disease in the pediatric age group. Referral to an ophthalmologist is important both for global genetic disorders potentially affecting the eye and for eye disorders that may be diagnostic for genetic disease.
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Abstract
This is a survey of the genetics of microphthalmos and the heritable syndromes in which microphthalmos occurs. New syndromes are delineated such as the autosomal dominant anophthalmos-microphthalmos-coloboma syndrome, the autosomal dominant microphthalmos, microcephaly, lacunar retinal atrophy syndrome, the autosomal recessive anophthalmos-microphthalmos-coloboma syndrome, the autosomal recessive syndrome with anophthalmos or microphthalmos and genital malformations, and the autosomal recessive syndrome with microphthalmos, microcephaly and retinal falciform folds. Nanophthalmos is described as a poorly defined phenotype and rejected as a genotype. Several other genetic entities with microphthalmos are reviewed and recent descriptions are surveyed.
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26
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Roizenblatt J, Wajntal A, Diament AJ. Median cleft face syndrome or frontonasal dysplasia: a case report with associated kidney malformation. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1979; 16:16-20. [PMID: 438926 DOI: 10.3928/0191-3913-19790101-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The authors present a case of an 11-month-old girl with the medial cleft face syndrome and the following malformations: ocular hyperterolism, primary telecanthus, cleft nose with absent tip, broad nasal root, complete absence of the left upper lid, and abnormal hair-line implantation in the corresponding frontal region, high arched palate, neurosensorial deafness and agenesia of the right kidney. The authors propose that the eyelid is responsible for the area of hair growth suppression around the eyes. This is the first case report of median cleft face syndrome associated with renal agenesia.
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Butler MG, Eisen JD, Henry J. Cryptophthalmos with an orbital cyst and profound mental and motor retardation. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1978; 15:233-5. [PMID: 739357 PMCID: PMC5997483 DOI: 10.3928/0191-3913-19780701-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The cryptophthalmos syndrome generally consists of cryptophthalmia, dyscephaly (cleft lip and palate, nasal and ear defects, meningoencephaloceles, etc.), syndactyly, and urogenital malformations. This disorder is rare. Approximately 55 cases have been reported, with only a few described in the American literature. A three-year-old boy with this rare syndrome is described. Major clinical findings include: asymmetric bilateral cryptophthalmos, unilateral orbital cyst of the nasofrontal area, bilateral anophthalmos, right choanal atresia, right microtia, right auditory canal atresia, hypodontia, ankyloglossia, cartilaginous synchondroses of the cervical vertebrae, and bilateral acetabular dysplasia. Striking features of this case, in addition to the above, were profound mental and motor retardation. Syndactyly and renal anomalies were not observed.
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Rintala A, Uuspää V. Anophthalmia and agenesis of columnella, prolabium and premaxilla without hypotelorism-a new syndrome? Case reports. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 1978; 12:69-74. [PMID: 663568 DOI: 10.3109/02844317809010483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Three patients with a syndrome consisting of anophthalmia, midline upper lip pseudocleft with absent columnella, prolabium and premaxilla, but without hypo- or hypertelorism are presented, together with three borderline cases with an- or microphthalmia and lacking distal half of the nose or cleft lip and palate. The pathogenesis and relations to other facial anomalies are discussed.
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Abstract
A 6-year-old boy, whose parents were first cousins, had congenital retinal nonattachment in one eye and a falciform fold in the other. He had had a shunt operation for hydrocephaly. Oxygen was never administered and test results for rubella and toxoplasmosis were negative. The consanguinity in this case indicates the syndrome is an autosomal recessive trait. This and other hereditary disorders with congenital retinal nonattachment have previously been misinterpreted as retrolental fibroplasia occurring without oxygen treatment.
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Abstract
Two male children are reported with similar features, including absent eyelids, eyebrows, eyelashes and hair, fusion defects of the mouth, expressionless facies, rudimentary external ears (but normal hearing), ambiguous genitalia, absent or rudimentary nipples, coarse dry skin with redundant skin folds and delayed expressive language development. The relationship of this syndrome to previously reported cryptophthalmos syndromes is discussed.
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Momma WG, Biermann B. Cryptophthalmos: symptoms and treatment of a rare deformity. A case report. JOURNAL OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 1977; 5:208-10. [PMID: 199681 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0503(77)80108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since 1872 more than 50 cases of the cryptophthalmos syndrome have been reported. In addition to other deformities, the typical anomalies of this syndrome are the missing palpebral fissure, eyebrow and the rudimentary eyeball. This paper deals with the possibilities of operative correction in a 13-year-old female. We are of the opinion that by means of plastic surgery, social integration into the community of the patient is possible.
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Abstract
A 2,144-g white girl was born with absence of the right ear and eye, cleft lip and palate, two basal encephaloceles, tricuspid atresia, ventricualr and atrial septal defects, detransposition of the great vessels, right aortic arch, and aberrant right subclavian artery. Through an oval defect in the center of the sphenoid bone, soft tissue protruded into the right nasopharynx. The medial portions of the roof of both orbits and the cribriform plate were absent and soft tissue protruded through this bony defect. Basal tomography was required to demonstrate the encephaloceles, which should be suspected in any child with a median cleft syndrome, a flat broad nasal root, and hypertelorism.
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Dinno ND, Edwards WC, Weiskopf B. The cryptophthalmos-syndactyly syndrome. Description, manner of inheritance, and notes on the eye lesions. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1974; 13:219 passim. [PMID: 4360847 DOI: 10.1177/000992287401300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The cryptophthalmos-syndactyly syndrome is a rare disorder of which approximately 55 cases have been reported in the world literature. A few have been described in the American literature. It is the purpose of this paper to report another case and to stress the importance of early identification and of genetic counseling of the parents.
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Abstract
Two families with cryptophthalmos are reported. Both families came from the same town in Bahia State, Brazil. Consanguinity was known between the parents themselves, but not between the individual families reported here. However, a common ancestor for both families is very likely because the four parents were born in the same `municipio'. There was one affected girl in family 1 and four affected sibs in family 2. A pair of affected monozygotic twins and a case of possible low expressivity of the syndrome are described in family 2.
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