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Gulsin GS, Tzimas G, Holmes KR, Takagi H, Sellers SL, Blanke P, Koweek LMH, Nørgaard BL, Jensen J, Rabbat MG, Pontone G, Fairbairn TA, Chinnaiyan KM, Douglas PS, Huey W, Matsuo H, Sand NPR, Nieman K, Bax JJ, Amano T, Kawasaki T, Akasaka T, Rogers C, Berman DS, Patel MR, De Bruyne B, Mullen S, Leipsic JA. Impact of Coronary CT Angiography-derived Fractional Flow Reserve on Downstream Management and Clinical Outcomes in Individuals with and without Diabetes. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2023; 5:e220276. [PMID: 37908552 PMCID: PMC10613926 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.220276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the clinical use of coronary CT angiography (CCTA)-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and Methods This secondary analysis included participants (enrolled July 2015 to October 2017) from the prospective, multicenter, international The Assessing Diagnostic Value of Noninvasive CT-FFR in Coronary Care (ADVANCE) registry (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02499679) who were evaluated for suspected coronary artery disease (CAD), with one or more coronary stenosis ≥30% on CCTA images, using CT-FFR. CCTA and CT-FFR findings, treatment strategies at 90 days, and clinical outcomes at 1-year follow-up were compared in participants with and without DM. Results The study included 4290 participants (mean age, 66 years ± 10 [SD]; 66% male participants; 22% participants with DM). Participants with DM had more obstructive CAD (one or more coronary stenosis ≥50%; 78.8% vs 70.6%, P < .001), multivessel CAD (three-vessel obstructive CAD; 18.9% vs 11.2%, P < .001), and proportionally more vessels with CT-FFR ≤ 0.8 (74.3% vs 64.6%, P < .001). Treatment reclassification by CT-FFR occurred in two-thirds of participants which was consistent regardless of the presence of DM. There was a similar graded increase in coronary revascularization with declining CT-FFR in both groups. At 1 year, presence of DM was associated with higher rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2, 4.1; P = .01). However, no between group differences were observed when stratified by stenosis severity (<50% or ≥50%) or CT-FFR positivity. Conclusion Both anatomic CCTA findings and CT-FFR demonstrated a more complex pattern of CAD in participants with versus without DM. Rates of treatment reclassification were similar regardless of the presence of DM, and DM was not an adverse prognostic indicator when adjusted for diameter stenosis and CT-FFR.Clinical trial registration no. NCT 02499679Keywords: Fractional Flow Reserve, CT Angiography, Diabetes Mellitus, Coronary Artery Disease Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the commentary by Ghoshhajra in this issue.© RSNA, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav S. Gulsin
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Georgios Tzimas
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Kenneth-Royce Holmes
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Hidenobu Takagi
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Stephanie L. Sellers
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Philipp Blanke
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Lynne M. H. Koweek
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Bjarne L. Nørgaard
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Jesper Jensen
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Mark G. Rabbat
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Gianluca Pontone
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Timothy A. Fairbairn
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Pamela S. Douglas
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Whitney Huey
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Hitoshi Matsuo
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Niels P. R. Sand
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Koen Nieman
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Jeroen J. Bax
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Tetsuya Amano
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Tomohiro Kawasaki
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Campbell Rogers
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Daniel S. Berman
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Manesh R. Patel
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Bernard De Bruyne
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Sarah Mullen
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
| | - Jonathon A. Leipsic
- From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British
Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 (G.S.G., G.T., K.R.H.,
H.T., S.L.S., P.B., J.A.L.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University
of Leicester and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital,
Leicester, UK (G.S.G.); Department of Heart Vessels, Cardiology Service,
Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
(G.T.); Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St
Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S.L.S., J.A.L.); Division of
Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke
Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
(L.M.H.K., M.R.P.); Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark (B.L.N., J.J.); Department of Cardiology, Loyola University of
Chicago, Chicago, Ill; (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr VA
Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); Department of Cardiology, Centro Cardiologico
Monzino, Milan, Italy (G.P.); Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK (T.A.F.); Department of
Cardiology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Mich (K.M.C.); Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (P.S.D.); Department
of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan (H.M.); Cardiac Research Unit,
Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of SouthWest DK,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.P.R.S.); Department of
Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
(K.N.); Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the
Netherlands (J.J.B.); Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,
Japan (T. Amano); Cardiovascular Center, Shin Koga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
(T.K.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University,
Wakayama, Japan (T. Akasaka); HeartFlow Inc, Redwood City, Calif (W.H., C.R.,
S.M.); Division of Nuclear Imaging, Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Heart
Institute, Los Angeles, Calif (D.S.B.); and Cardiovascular Center Aalst,
OLV-Clinic, Aalst, Belgium (B.D.B.)
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