1
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Nishi E, Takenouchi T, Miya F, Uehara T, Yanagi K, Hasegawa Y, Ueda K, Mizuno S, Kaname T, Kosaki K, Okamoto N. The novel and recurrent variants in exon 31 of CREBBP in Japanese patients with Menke-Hennekam syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:446-453. [PMID: 34652060 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Menke-Hennekam syndrome-1 (MKHK1) is a congenital disorder caused by the heterozygous variants in exon 30 or 31 of CREBBP (CREB binding protein) gene mapped on 16p13.3. It is characterized by psychomotor delay, variable impairment of intellectual disability (ID), feeding difficulty, autistic behavior, hearing impairment, short stature, microcephaly, and facial dysmorphisms. The CREBBP loss-of-function variants cause Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome-1 (RSTS1). The function of CREBBP leading to MKHK1 has not been clarified so far, and the phenotype of MKHK1 significantly differs from that of RSTS1. We examined six patients with de novo pathogenic variants affecting the last exon of CREBBP, and they shared the clinical features of MKHK1. This study revealed that one frameshift and three nonsense variants of CREBBP cause MKHK1, and inferred that the nonsense variants of the last exon could further help in the elucidation of the etiology of MKHK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Nishi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Miya
- Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Uehara
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yanagi
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuiko Hasegawa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kimiko Ueda
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aichi Developmental Disability Center Central Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kaname
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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2
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Dutto I, Scalera C, Tillhon M, Ticli G, Passaniti G, Cazzalini O, Savio M, Stivala LA, Gervasini C, Larizza L, Prosperi E. Mutations in CREBBP and EP300 genes affect DNA repair of oxidative damage in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome cells. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:257-266. [PMID: 31504229 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is an autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by intellectual disability, skeletal abnormalities, growth deficiency and an increased risk of tumors. RSTS is predominantly caused by mutations in CREBBP or EP300 genes encoding for CBP and p300 proteins, two lysine acetyl-transferases (KAT) playing a key role in transcription, cell proliferation and DNA repair. However, the efficiency of these processes in RSTS cells is still largely unknown. Here, we have investigated whether pathways involved in the maintenance of genome stability are affected in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) obtained from RSTS patients with mutations in CREBBP or in EP300 genes. We report that RSTS LCLs with mutations affecting CBP or p300 protein levels or KAT activity, are more sensitive to oxidative DNA damage and exhibit defective base excision repair (BER). We have found reduced OGG1 DNA glycosylase activity in RSTS compared to control cell extracts, and concomitant lower OGG1 acetylation levels, thereby impairing the initiation of the BER process. In addition, we report reduced acetylation of other BER factors, such as DNA polymerase β and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), together with acetylation of histone H3. We also show that complementation of CBP or p300 partially reversed RSTS cell sensitivity to DNA damage. These results disclose a mechanism of defective DNA repair as a source of genome instability in RSTS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Dutto
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Unità Stabilità del Genoma CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Scalera
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Unità Stabilità del Genoma CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, Pavia, Italy
| | - Micol Tillhon
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Unità Stabilità del Genoma CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulio Ticli
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Unità Stabilità del Genoma CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, Pavia, Italy.,Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università di Pavia, Via Ferrata, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Passaniti
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Unità Stabilità del Genoma CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ornella Cazzalini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Unità di Immunologia e Patologia Generale, Università di Pavia, Via Ferrata, Pavia, Italy
| | - Monica Savio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Unità di Immunologia e Patologia Generale, Università di Pavia, Via Ferrata, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia A Stivala
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Unità di Immunologia e Patologia Generale, Università di Pavia, Via Ferrata, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Gervasini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Genetica Medica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via A. di Rudinì, Milano, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica Medica e Genetica Molecolare, Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Ariosto, Milano, Italy
| | - Ennio Prosperi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Unità Stabilità del Genoma CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, Pavia, Italy
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3
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López M, Seidel V, Santibáñez P, Cervera-Acedo C, Castro-de Castro P, Domínguez-Garrido E. First case report of inherited Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome associated with a novel EP300 variant. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2016; 17:97. [PMID: 27964710 PMCID: PMC5154174 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS; OMIM #180849, #613684) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic condition characterized by broad thumbs and halluces, facial dysmorphism, short stature and variable degree of intellectual disability. RSTS is associated with mutations in CREBBP and EP300 genes in 50-60% and 5-8% of cases, respectively. The majority of cases are de novo heterozygous mutations. CASE PRESENTATION Here we describe a familial RSTS case, associated with a novel EP300 mutation. The proband was a 9 years old female, with mild learning difficulties. Her mother, who also had learning difficulties, was found to have short and broad thumbs. MLPA and panel-based NGS of CREBBP and EP300 were performed. A novel heterozygous frameshift mutation in exon 31 of the EP300 gene (c.7222_7223del; p.(Gln2408Glufs*39)) was found in both. CONCLUSIONS This case represents the first case of inherited EP300-RSTS. The location of the frameshift deletion not affecting HAT domain and PHD finger, could explain the mild phenotype and the well-preserved intelligence. These patients are mildly affected, and this case highlights the possible missed diagnosis. We would recommend molecular testing of apparently healthy parents, and in the case of inherited mutations, of all adult first degree relatives at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- María López
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fundación Rioja Salud, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Verónica Seidel
- Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Santibáñez
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fundación Rioja Salud, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Castro-de Castro
- Section of Neuropaediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Domínguez-Garrido
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fundación Rioja Salud, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain. .,Center for Biomedical Research (CIBIR), C/Piqueras 98, C.P. 26006, Logroño, Spain.
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4
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Drazic A, Myklebust LM, Ree R, Arnesen T. The world of protein acetylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:1372-401. [PMID: 27296530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation is one of the major post-translational protein modifications in the cell, with manifold effects on the protein level as well as on the metabolome level. The acetyl group, donated by the metabolite acetyl-coenzyme A, can be co- or post-translationally attached to either the α-amino group of the N-terminus of proteins or to the ε-amino group of lysine residues. These reactions are catalyzed by various N-terminal and lysine acetyltransferases. In case of lysine acetylation, the reaction is enzymatically reversible via tightly regulated and metabolism-dependent mechanisms. The interplay between acetylation and deacetylation is crucial for many important cellular processes. In recent years, our understanding of protein acetylation has increased significantly by global proteomics analyses and in depth functional studies. This review gives a general overview of protein acetylation and the respective acetyltransferases, and focuses on the regulation of metabolic processes and physiological consequences that come along with protein acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Drazic
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Line M Myklebust
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rasmus Ree
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas Arnesen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
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5
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Negri G, Magini P, Milani D, Colapietro P, Rusconi D, Scarano E, Bonati MT, Priolo M, Crippa M, Mazzanti L, Wischmeijer A, Tamburrino F, Pippucci T, Finelli P, Larizza L, Gervasini C. From Whole Gene Deletion to Point Mutations of EP300-Positive Rubinstein-Taybi Patients: New Insights into the Mutational Spectrum and Peculiar Clinical Hallmarks. Hum Mutat 2015; 37:175-83. [PMID: 26486927 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare congenital neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by growth deficiency, skeletal abnormalities, dysmorphic features, and intellectual disability. Causative mutations in CREBBP and EP300 genes have been identified in ∼55% and ∼8% of affected individuals. To date, only 28 EP300 alterations in 29 RSTS clinically described patients have been reported. EP300 analysis of 22 CREBBP-negative RSTS patients from our cohort led us to identify six novel mutations: a 376-kb deletion depleting EP300 gene; an exons 17-19 deletion (c.(3141+1_3142-1)_(3590+1_3591-1)del/p.(Ile1047Serfs*30)); two stop mutations, (c.3829A>T/p.(Lys1277*) and c.4585C>T/p.(Arg1529*)); a splicing mutation (c.1878-12A>G/p.(Ala627Glnfs*11)), and a duplication (c.4640dupA/p.(Asn1547Lysfs*3)). All EP300-mutated individuals show a mild RSTS phenotype and peculiar findings including maternal gestosis, skin manifestation, especially nevi or keloids, back malformations, and a behavior predisposing to anxiety. Furthermore, the patient carrying the complete EP300 deletion does not show a markedly severe clinical picture, even if a more composite phenotype was noticed. By characterizing six novel EP300-mutated patients, this study provides further insights into the EP300-specific clinical presentation and expands the mutational repertoire including the first case of a whole gene deletion. These new data will enhance EP300-mutated cases identification highlighting distinctive features and will improve the clinical practice allowing a better genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Negri
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia
| | - Pamela Magini
- Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Policlinico Ospedaliero Universitario S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italia
| | - Donatella Milani
- Unità di Pediatria ad alta Intensità di Cura, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milano, Italia
| | - Patrizia Colapietro
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia
| | - Daniela Rusconi
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia
| | - Emanuela Scarano
- UO di Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Malattie Rare, Dipartimento di Pediatria, Ospedale Universitario S. Orsola Malpighi, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - Maria Teresa Bonati
- Clinica di Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italia
| | - Manuela Priolo
- UOC Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli, Reggio Calabria, Italia
| | - Milena Crippa
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica e Genetica Molecolare, Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italia
| | - Laura Mazzanti
- UO di Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Malattie Rare, Dipartimento di Pediatria, Ospedale Universitario S. Orsola Malpighi, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - Anita Wischmeijer
- Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Policlinico Ospedaliero Universitario S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italia
| | - Federica Tamburrino
- UO di Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Malattie Rare, Dipartimento di Pediatria, Ospedale Universitario S. Orsola Malpighi, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - Tommaso Pippucci
- Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Policlinico Ospedaliero Universitario S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italia
| | - Palma Finelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica e Genetica Molecolare, Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italia.,Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia.,Laboratorio di Citogenetica e Genetica Molecolare, Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italia
| | - Cristina Gervasini
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia
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6
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Cutler T, Sarkar A, Moran M, Steffensmeier A, Puli OR, Mancini G, Tare M, Gogia N, Singh A. Drosophila Eye Model to Study Neuroprotective Role of CREB Binding Protein (CBP) in Alzheimer's Disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137691. [PMID: 26367392 PMCID: PMC4569556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progressive neurodegenerative disorder Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifests as loss of cognitive functions, and finally leads to death of the affected individual. AD may result from accumulation of amyloid plaques. These amyloid plaques comprising of amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) polypeptides results from the improper cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the brain. The Aβ42 plaques have been shown to disrupt the normal cellular processes and thereby trigger abnormal signaling which results in the death of neurons. However, the molecular-genetic mechanism(s) responsible for Aβ42 mediated neurodegeneration is yet to be fully understood. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We have utilized Gal4/UAS system to develop a transgenic fruit fly model for Aβ42 mediated neurodegeneration. Targeted misexpression of human Aβ42 in the differentiating photoreceptor neurons of the developing eye of transgenic fly triggers neurodegeneration. This progressive neurodegenerative phenotype resembles Alzheimer's like neuropathology. We identified a histone acetylase, CREB Binding Protein (CBP), as a genetic modifier of Aβ42 mediated neurodegeneration. Targeted misexpression of CBP along with Aβ42 in the differentiating retina can significantly rescue neurodegeneration. We found that gain-of-function of CBP rescues Aβ42 mediated neurodegeneration by blocking cell death. Misexpression of Aβ42 affects the targeting of axons from retina to the brain but misexpression of full length CBP along with Aβ42 can restore this defect. The CBP protein has multiple domains and is known to interact with many different proteins. Our structure function analysis using truncated constructs lacking one or more domains of CBP protein, in transgenic flies revealed that Bromo, HAT and polyglutamine (BHQ) domains together are required for the neuroprotective function of CBP. This BHQ domain of CBP has not been attributed to promote survival in any other neurodegenerative disorders. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We have identified CBP as a genetic modifier of Aβ42 mediated neurodegeneration. Furthermore, we have identified BHQ domain of CBP is responsible for its neuroprotective function. These studies may have significant bearing on our understanding of genetic basis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Cutler
- Premedical Program, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
| | - Ankita Sarkar
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
| | - Michael Moran
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
| | - Andrew Steffensmeier
- Premedical Program, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
| | - Oorvashi Roy Puli
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
| | - Greg Mancini
- Premedical Program, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
| | - Meghana Tare
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
| | - Neha Gogia
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
| | - Amit Singh
- Premedical Program, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
- Center for Tissue Regeneration and Engineering at Dayton (TREND), University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, 45469, United States of America
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7
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Milite C, Feoli A, Sasaki K, La Pietra V, Balzano AL, Marinelli L, Mai A, Novellino E, Castellano S, Tosco A, Sbardella G. A novel cell-permeable, selective, and noncompetitive inhibitor of KAT3 histone acetyltransferases from a combined molecular pruning/classical isosterism approach. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2779-98. [PMID: 25730130 DOI: 10.1021/jm5019687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Selective inhibitors of the two paralogue KAT3 acetyltransferases (CBP and p300) may serve not only as precious chemical tools to investigate the role of these enzymes in physiopathological mechanisms but also as lead structures for the development of further antitumor agents. After the application of a molecular pruning approach to the hardly optimizable and not very cell-permeable garcinol core structure, we prepared many analogues that were screened for their inhibitory effects using biochemical and biophysical (SPR) assays. Further optimization led to the discovery of the benzylidenebarbituric acid derivative 7h (EML425) as a potent and selective reversible inhibitor of CBP/p300, noncompetitive versus both acetyl-CoA and a histone H3 peptide, and endowed with good cell permeability. Furthermore, in human leukemia U937 cells, it induced a marked and time-dependent reduction in the acetylation of lysine H4K5 and H3K9, a marked arrest in the G0/G1 phase and a significant increase in the hypodiploid nuclei percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Milite
- †Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Feoli
- †Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- ‡Chemical Genetics Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,§Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Valeria La Pietra
- ∥Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli "Federico II" Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Amodio Luca Balzano
- †Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- ∥Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli "Federico II" Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- ⊥Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- ∥Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli "Federico II" Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- †Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.,#Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, I-84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tosco
- †Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sbardella
- †Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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8
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Wang F, Marshall CB, Ikura M. Transcriptional/epigenetic regulator CBP/p300 in tumorigenesis: structural and functional versatility in target recognition. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:3989-4008. [PMID: 23307074 PMCID: PMC11113169 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, gene transcription is regulated by sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factors that recognize promoter and enhancer elements near the transcriptional start site. Some coactivators promote transcription by connecting transcription factors to the basal transcriptional machinery. The highly conserved coactivators CREB-binding protein (CBP) and its paralog, E1A-binding protein (p300), each have four separate transactivation domains (TADs) that interact with the TADs of a number of DNA-binding transcription activators as well as general transcription factors (GTFs), thus mediating recruitment of basal transcription machinery to the promoter. Most promoters comprise multiple activator-binding sites, and many activators contain tandem TADs, thus multivalent interactions may stabilize CBP/p300 at the promoter, and intrinsically disordered regions in CBP/p300 and many activators may confer adaptability to these multivalent complexes. CBP/p300 contains a catalytic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain, which remodels chromatin to 'relax' its superstructure and enables transcription of proximal genes. The HAT activity of CBP/p300 also acetylates some transcription factors (e.g., p53), hence modulating the function of key transcriptional regulators. Through these numerous interactions, CBP/p300 has been implicated in complex physiological and pathological processes, and, in response to different signals, can drive cells towards proliferation or apoptosis. Dysregulation of the transcriptional and epigenetic functions of CBP/p300 is associated with leukemia and other types of cancer, thus it has been recognized as a potential anti-cancer drug target. In this review, we focus on recent exciting findings in the structural mechanisms of CBP/p300 involving multivalent and dynamic interactions with binding partners, which may pave new avenues for anti-cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9 Canada
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7 Canada
- Present Address: Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Christopher B. Marshall
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9 Canada
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7 Canada
| | - Mitsuhiko Ikura
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9 Canada
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7 Canada
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9
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Sharma N, Mali AM, Bapat SA. Spectrum of CREBBP mutations in Indian patients with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. J Biosci 2011; 35:187-202. [PMID: 20689175 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-010-0023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS), a developmental disorder comprising abnormalities that include mental retardation, an unusual facial appearance, broad thumbs and big toes is frequently associated with molecular lesions in the CREB-binding protein gene, CREBBP. The objective of the present study was to identify and analyse CREBBP mutations in Indian RSTS patients on which there are no data. Direct sequencing of CREBBP performed in 13 RSTS patients identified the three zinc fingers (CH1, CH2, CH3) and HAT domain as mutational hotspots in which ten novel pathogenic mutations were localized. Functional analysis revealed that three of these mutations affecting amino acids Glu1459, Leu1668 and Glu1724 were critical for histone acetyltransferase activity. Twenty-eight novel CREBBP single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were also identified in the Indian population. Linkage disequilibrium studies revealed associations between (i) SNP (rs129974/c.3836-206G greater than C) and mutation (p.Asp1340Ala); (ii) (rs130002) with mutation (p.Asn435Lys) and (iii) SNPs rs129974, rs130002 and SNP (c.3836-206G greater than C) signifying a disease affection status. In conclusion, the present study reports the highest detection rate of CREBBP mutations (76.9%) in RSTS patients to date, of which ten are predicted to be pathogenic and three critical for histone acetyltransferase activity. Moreover, identification of the association of CREBBP polymorphisms with disease susceptibility could be an important risk factor for the pathogenesis of RSTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeti Sharma
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Pune University Complex, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
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Torres LC, de Lourdes Lopes Chauffaille M, Delboni TP, Okay TS, Carneiro-Sampaio M, Sugayama S. Rubinstein-taybi syndrome: a female patient with a de novo reciprocal translocation t(2; 16)(q36.3; p13.3) and dysgranulopoiesis. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2010; 65:107-9. [PMID: 20126353 PMCID: PMC2815272 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322010000100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leuridan Cavalcante Torres
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | | | - Thomaz Pileggi Delboni
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Thelma Suely Okay
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Magda Carneiro-Sampaio
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Sofia Sugayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
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Dubnau J. NEUROGENETIC DISSECTION OF CONDITIONED BEHAVIOR: EVOLUTION BY ANALOGY OR HOMOLOGY? J Neurogenet 2009; 17:295-326. [PMID: 15204081 DOI: 10.1080/01677060390441859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josh Dubnau
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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Yamada K, Uchiyama A, Arai M, Kubodera K, Yamamoto Y, Orii KO, Nagasawa H, Masuno M, Kohno Y. Severe upper airway stenosis in a boy with partial monosomy 16p13.3pter and partial trisomy 16q22qter. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2009; 49:85-8. [PMID: 19489960 DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2009.00228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a boy with a de novo partial monosomy 16p13-pter and partial trisomy 16q22-qter detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization using subtelomeric probes for 16p and 16q. The boy had facial characteristics, skeletal features, congenital heart defects, an imperforate anus, urogenital malformations, pre/postnatal growth retardation, and psychomotor retardation, most of which have been reported both in partial monosomy 16p and partial trisomy 16q. In addition, he suffered from upper airway stenosis due to possible laryngeal stenosis with subglottic webs. The upper airway stenosis could be a rare complication of partial monosomy 16p or partial trisomy 16q, or a nonspecific malformation resulting from chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Yamada
- Department of Neonatology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
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14
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Balanced translocations in mental retardation. Hum Genet 2009; 126:133-47. [PMID: 19347365 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-009-0661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the knowledge on genetic defects causing mental retardation has dramatically increased. In this review, we discuss the importance of balanced chromosomal translocations in the identification of genes responsible for mental retardation. We present a database-search guided overview of balanced translocations identified in patients with mental retardation. We divide those in four categories: (1) balanced translocations that helped to identify a causative gene within a contiguous gene syndrome, (2) balanced translocations that led to the identification of a mental retardation gene confirmed by independent methods, (3) balanced translocations disrupting candidate genes that have not been confirmed by independent methods and (4) balanced translocations not reported to disrupt protein coding sequences. It can safely be concluded that balanced translocations have been instrumental in the identification of multiple genes that are involved in mental retardation. In addition, many more candidate genes were identified with a suspected but (as yet?) unconfirmed role in mental retardation. Some balanced translocations do not disrupt a protein coding gene and it can be speculated that in the light of recent findings concerning ncRNA's and ultra-conserved regions, such findings are worth further investigation as these potentially may lead us to the discovery of novel disease mechanisms.
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Wang L, Tang Y, Cole PA, Marmorstein R. Structure and chemistry of the p300/CBP and Rtt109 histone acetyltransferases: implications for histone acetyltransferase evolution and function. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2008; 18:741-7. [PMID: 18845255 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2008.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Revised: 09/08/2008] [Accepted: 09/14/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The recent structure and associated biochemical studies of the metazoan-specific p300/CBP and fungal-specific Rtt109 histone acetyltransferases (HATs) have provided new insights into the ancestral relationship between HATs and their functions. These studies point to a common HAT ancester that has evolved around a common structural framework to form HATs with divergent catalytic and substrate-binding properties. These studies also point to the importance of regulatory loops within HATs and autoacetylation in HAT function. Implications for future studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Karamouzis MV, Konstantinopoulos PA, Papavassiliou AG. Roles of CREB-binding protein (CBP)/p300 in respiratory epithelium tumorigenesis. Cell Res 2007; 17:324-32. [PMID: 17372613 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2007.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
CREB-binding protein (CBP) and its homologue p300 are transcriptional co-activators of various sequence-specific transcription factors that are involved in a wide array of cellular activities, such as DNA repair, cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Several studies have suggested that CBP and p300 might be considered as tumour suppressors, with their prominent role being the cross-coupling of distinct gene expression patterns in response to various stimuli. They exert their actions mainly via acetylation of histones and other regulatory proteins (e.g. p53). A major paradox in CBP/p300 function is that they seem capable of contributing to various opposed cellular processes. Respiratory epithelium tumorigenesis represents a complex process of multi-step accumulations of a gamut of genetic and epigenetic aberrations. Transcription modulation through the alternate formation of activating and repressive complexes is the ultimate converging point of these derangements, and CBP/p300 represents key participants in this interplay. Thus, illumination of their molecular actions and interactions could reveal new potential targets for pharmacological interventions in respiratory epithelium carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis V Karamouzis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75, M Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Gervasini C, Castronovo P, Bentivegna A, Mottadelli F, Faravelli F, Giovannucci-Uzielli ML, Pessagno A, Lucci-Cordisco E, Pinto AM, Salviati L, Selicorni A, Tenconi R, Neri G, Larizza L. High frequency of mosaic CREBBP deletions in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome patients and mapping of somatic and germ-line breakpoints. Genomics 2007; 90:567-73. [PMID: 17855048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2007] [Revised: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 07/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare malformation disorder caused by mutations in the closely related CREBBP and EP300 genes, accounting respectively for up to 60 and 3% of cases. About 10% of CREBBP mutations are whole gene deletions often extending into flanking regions. Using FISH and microsatellite analyses as a first step in the CREBBP mutation screening of 42 Italian RSTS patients, we identified six deletions, three of which were in a mosaic condition that has not been previously reported in RSTS. The use of region-specific BAC clones and small CREBBP probes allowed us to assess the extent of all of the deletions by mapping their endpoints to genomic intervals of 5-10 kb. Four of our five intragenic breakpoints cluster at the 5' end of CREBBP, where there is a peak of breakpoints underlying rearrangements in RSTS patients and tumors. The search for genomic motifs did not reveal any low-copy repeats (LCRs) or any greater density of repetitive sequences. In contrast, the percentage of interspersed repetitive elements (mainly Alu and LINEs in the CREBBP exon 2 region) is significantly higher than that in the entire gene or the average in the genome, thus suggesting that this characteristic may be involved in the region's vulnerability to breaking and nonhomologous pairing. The FISH analysis extended to the EP300 genomic region did not reveal any deletions. The clinical presentation was typical in all cases, but more severe in the three patients carrying constitutional deletions, raising a question about the possible underdiagnosis of a few cases of mild RSTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gervasini
- Division of Medical Genetics, San Paolo School of Medicine, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is characterised by mental retardation, growth retardation and a particular dysmorphology. The syndrome is rare, with a frequency of approximately one affected individual in 100,000 newborns. Mutations in two genes - CREBBP and EP300 - have been identified to cause the syndrome. These two genes show strong homology and encode histone acetyltransferases (HATs), which are transcriptional co-activators involved in many signalling pathways. Loss of HAT activity is sufficient to account for the phenomena seen in Rubinstein-Taybi patients. Although some mutations found in CREBBP are translocations, inversions and large deletions, most are point mutations or small deletions and insertions. Mutations in EP300 are comparatively rare. Extensive screening of patients has revealed mutations in CREBBP and EP300 in around 50% of cases. The cause of the syndrome in the remaining patients remains to be identified, but other genes could also be involved. Here, we describe the clinical presentation of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, review the mutation spectrum and discuss the current understanding of causative molecular mechanisms.
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Bayle P, Bazex J, Lamant L, Lauque D, Durieu C, Albes B. Multiple perforating and non perforating pilomatricomas in a patient with Churg-Strauss syndrome and Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2005; 18:607-10. [PMID: 15324407 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00991.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report an unusual association of multiple perforating and non-perforating pilomatricomas with Churg-Strauss syndrome, and a dysmorphic syndrome evocative of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. These syndromes may be independent, but these rare diseases and genetic abnormalities may be linked together.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bayle
- Services de Dermatologie, Place du Dr Baylac, Toulouse Cedex, France.
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Coupry I, Monnet L, Attia AAEM, Taine L, Lacombe D, Arveiler B. Analysis of CBP (CREBBP) gene deletions in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome patients using real-time quantitative PCR. Hum Mutat 2004; 23:278-84. [PMID: 14974086 DOI: 10.1002/humu.20001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is a well-defined syndrome characterized by facial abnormalities, broad thumbs, broad big toes, and growth and mental retardation as the main clinical features. RTS was shown to be associated with disruption of the CREB-binding protein gene CBP (CREBBP), either by gross chromosomal rearrangements or by point mutations. Translocations and inversions involving chromosome band 16p13.3 form the minority of CBP mutations, whereas microdeletions occur more frequently (about 10%). Most deletion studies in RTS are performed by FISH analysis, and five cosmids must be used to cover the whole of the CBP gene, which spreads over 150 kb. Here we report the design of gene dosage assays by real-time quantitative PCR that are targeted on three exons located respectively at the 5' end (exon 2), in the middle (exon 12), and at the 3' end (exon 30) of the CBP gene. This technique proved to be efficient and powerful in finding deletions and complementary to the other available techniques, since it allowed us to identify deletions at the 3' end of the gene that had been missed by FISH analysis, and to refine some deletion breakpoints. Our results therefore suggest that real-time quantitative PCR is a useful technique to be included in the deletion search in RTS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Coupry
- Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine, Développement et Cancer, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France.
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Bourtchouladze R, Lidge R, Catapano R, Stanley J, Gossweiler S, Romashko D, Scott R, Tully T. A mouse model of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: defective long-term memory is ameliorated by inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:10518-22. [PMID: 12930888 PMCID: PMC193593 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1834280100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice carrying a truncated form of cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB)-binding protein (CBP) show several developmental abnormalities similar to patients with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS). RTS patients suffer from mental retardation, whereas long-term memory formation is defective in mutant CBP mice. A critical role for cAMP signaling during CREB-dependent long-term memory formation appears to be evolutionarily conserved. From this observation, we reasoned that drugs that modulate CREB function by enhancing cAMP signaling might yield an effective treatment for the memory defect(s) of CBP+/- mice. To this end, we designed a cell-based drug screen and discovered inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) to be particularly effective enhancers of CREB function. We extend previous behavioral observations by showing that CBP+/- mutants have impaired long-term memory but normal learning and short-term memory in an object recognition task. We demonstrate that the prototypical PDE4 inhibitor, rolipram, and a novel one (HT0712) abolish the long-term memory defect of CBP+/- mice. Importantly, the genetic lesion in CBP acts specifically to shift the dose sensitivity for HT0712 to enhance memory formation, which conveys molecular specificity on the drug's mechanism of action. Our results suggest that PDE4 inhibitors may be used to treat the cognitive dysfunction of RTS patients.
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Vizmanos JL, Larráyoz MJ, Lahortiga I, Floristán F, Alvarez C, Odero MD, Novo FJ, Calasanz MJ. t(10;16)(q22;p13) and MORF-CREBBP fusion is a recurrent event in acute myeloid leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2003; 36:402-5. [PMID: 12619164 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.10174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, it was shown that t(10;16)(q22;p13) fuses the MORF and CREBBP genes in a case of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) M5a, with a complex karyotype containing other rearrangements. Here, we report a new case with the MORF-CREBBP fusion in an 84-year-old patient diagnosed with AML M5b, in which the t(10;16)(q22;p13) was the only cytogenetic aberration. This supports that this is a recurrent pathogenic translocation in AML.
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MESH Headings
- Acetyltransferases/genetics
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- CREB-Binding Protein
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics
- Cytogenetic Analysis/methods
- Fatal Outcome
- Histone Acetyltransferases
- Humans
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/genetics
- Male
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Vizmanos
- Department of Genetics, School of Science, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31080 Pamplona, Spain.
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Zapata JM, Pawlowski K, Haas E, Ware CF, Godzik A, Reed JC. A diverse family of proteins containing tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor domains. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:24242-52. [PMID: 11279055 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m100354200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified three new tumor necrosis factor-receptor associated factor (TRAF) domain-containing proteins in humans using bioinformatics approaches, including: MUL, the product of the causative gene in Mulibrey Nanism syndrome; USP7 (HAUSP), an ubiquitin protease; and SPOP, a POZ domain-containing protein. Unlike classical TRAF family proteins involved in TNF family receptor (TNFR) signaling, the TRAF domains (TDs) of MUL, USP7, and SPOP are located near the NH(2) termini or central region of these proteins, rather than carboxyl end. MUL and USP7 are capable of binding in vitro via their TDs to all of the previously identified TRAF family proteins (TRAF1, TRAF2, TRAF3, TRAF4, TRAF5, and TRAF6), whereas the TD of SPOP interacts weakly with TRAF1 and TRAF6 only. The TD of MUL also interacted with itself, whereas the TDs of USP7 and SPOP did not self-associate. Analysis of various MUL and USP7 mutants by transient transfection assays indicated that the TDs of these proteins are necessary and sufficient for suppressing NF-kappaB induction by TRAF2 and TRAF6 as well as certain TRAF-binding TNF family receptors. In contrast, the TD of SPOP did not inhibit NF-kappaB induction. Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy indicated that MUL localizes to cytosolic bodies, with targeting to these structures mediated by a RBCC tripartite domain within the MUL protein. USP7 localized predominantly to the nucleus, in a TD-dependent manner. Data base searches revealed multiple proteins containing TDs homologous to those found in MUL, USP7, and SPOP throughout eukaryotes, including yeast, protists, plants, invertebrates, and mammals, suggesting that this branch of the TD family arose from an ancient gene. We propose the moniker TEFs (TD-encompassing factors) for this large family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Zapata
- Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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McManus KJ, Hendzel MJ. CBP, a transcriptional coactivator and acetyltransferase. Biochem Cell Biol 2001. [DOI: 10.1139/o01-076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The CREB binding protein (CBP) was first identified as a protein that specifically binds to the active phosphorylated form of the cyclic-AMP response element binding protein (CREB). CBP was initially defined as a transcriptional coactivator that, as a result of its large size and multiple protein binding domain modules, may function as a molecular scaffold. More recently, an acetyltransferase activity, both of histones and nonhistones, has been found to be essential for transactivation. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of the acetyltransferase specificity and activity of the CBP protein and how it may function to coactivate transcription. We will also examine the regulation of the CBP histone acetyltransferase activity in the cell cycle, by signal-transduction pathways and throughout development.Key words: CBP, acetyltransferase, chromatin, acetylation, p300.
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