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Daeschler SC, Feinberg K, Harhaus L, Kneser U, Gordon T, Borschel GH. Advancing Nerve Regeneration: Translational Perspectives of Tacrolimus (FK506). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12771. [PMID: 37628951 PMCID: PMC10454725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries have far-reaching implications for individuals and society, leading to functional impairments, prolonged rehabilitation, and substantial socioeconomic burdens. Tacrolimus, a potent immunosuppressive drug known for its neuroregenerative properties, has emerged in experimental studies as a promising candidate to accelerate nerve fiber regeneration. This review investigates the therapeutic potential of tacrolimus by exploring the postulated mechanisms of action in relation to biological barriers to nerve injury recovery. By mapping both the preclinical and clinical evidence, the benefits and drawbacks of systemic tacrolimus administration and novel delivery systems for localized tacrolimus delivery after nerve injury are elucidated. Through synthesizing the current evidence, identifying practical barriers for clinical translation, and discussing potential strategies to overcome the translational gap, this review provides insights into the translational perspectives of tacrolimus as an adjunct therapy for nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon C. Daeschler
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, BG Trauma Hospital, D-67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Konstantin Feinberg
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Leila Harhaus
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, BG Trauma Hospital, D-67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, BG Trauma Hospital, D-67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Tessa Gordon
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Gregory H. Borschel
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Akkaya S, Ogden M, Kartal B, Say B, Ceylan AF, Aydemir Akkaya M, Bakar B. Evaluation of the therapeutic effects of calcium dobesilate in sciatic nerve crush injury in rats. Injury 2022; 53:3624-3635. [PMID: 36070970 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proinflammatory cytokines released from nerve endings and surrounding injured tissue after nerve damage can prolong the inflammation process, delay nerve healing or result in poor quality nerve healing. In this case, due to the loss of function in the muscles innervated by the damaged nerve, the patient may have neurological and functional difficulties which may reduce the patient's quality of life and create an economic burden. Although the attempts of many pharmacological agents to heal crush injury of peripheral nerves have been recorded in literature, a drug that can provide adequate recovery of the crushed nerve and can be applied in daily life has not been defined as yet. This study aimed to assess the effects of calcium dobesilate on sciatic nerve crush injury in a rat model. METHODS A total of 26 male Wistar albino rats were separated into four groups as follows: CONTROL group (healthy subjects, n=6); SHAM group (crush injury was created, n=6); MP group (after created crush injury, methylprednisolone was administered, n=7); and CAD group (after created crush injury, calcium dobesilate was administered, n=7). A crush injury was created, then the electrophysiological findings and sciatic nerve functional index (SFI) were recorded before euthanasia. After the euthanasia of all the rats, samples of the crushed nerve and gastrocnemius muscle were evaluated histopathologically, immunohistochemically, and biochemically. RESULTS Both pharmacological agents were histopathologically effective in axon regeneration and repair. Calcium dobesilate did not preserve total muscle mass but was seen to prevent atrophy microscopically. Immunohistochemistry and biochemistry results showed that calcium dobesilate and methylprednisolone had anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-autophagic activity in the crushed sciatic nerve. Neither calcium dobesilate nor methylprednisolone improved the nerve conductance level. SFI values obtained on day 30 from the CAD group were numerically closer to the values of the healthy animals but not at a statistically significant level. CONCLUSION The study results demonstrated that calcium dobesilate could suppress inflammatory processes and provide histopathological and functional improvements in the injured nerve in rats. Therefore, further clinical studies are recommended to investigate in detail the therapeutic effects of calcium dobesilate on peripheral nerve crush injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Akkaya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Van Education and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ogden
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Kirikkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Bahar Kartal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahar Say
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kirikkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Aslı Fahriye Ceylan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Bulent Bakar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Kirikkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
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Deres F, Schwartz S, Kappes-Horn K, Kornblum C, Reimann J. Early Changes in Skeletal Muscle of Young C22 Mice, A Model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1A. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 8:S283-S299. [PMID: 34459411 PMCID: PMC8673495 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-210681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The C22 mouse is a Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1A transgenic model with minimal axonal loss. Objective: To analyse early skeletal muscle changes resulting from this dysmyelinating neuropathy. Methods: Histology of tibialis anterior muscles of C22 mice and wild type litter mate controls for morphometric analysis and (immuno-)histochemistry for known denervation markers and candidate proteins identified by representational difference analysis (RDA) based on mRNA from the same muscles; quantitative PCR and Western blotting for confirmation of RDA findings. Results: At age 10 days, morphometry was not different between groups, while at 21 days, C22 showed significantly more small diameter fibres, indicating the onset of atrophy at an age when weakness becomes detectable. Neither (immuno-)histochemistry nor RDA detected extrajunctional expression of acetylcholine receptors by age 10 and 21 days, respectively. RDA identified some mRNA up-regulated in C22 muscles, among them at 10 days, prior to detectable weakness or atrophy, integral membrane protein 2a (Itm2a), eukaryotic initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (Eif2s2) and cytoplasmic phosphatidylinositol transfer protein 1 (Pitpnc1). However, qPCR failed to measure significant differences. In contrast, Itm2a and Eif2s2 mRNA were significantly down-regulated comparing 21 versus 10 days of age in both groups, C22 and controls. Western blotting confirmed significant down-regulation of ITM2A protein in C22 only. Conclusion: Denervation-like changes in this model develop slowly with onset of atrophy and weakness at about three weeks of age, before detection of extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors. Altered Itm2a expression seems to begin early as an increase, but becomes distinct as a decrease later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Deres
- Department of Neurology, Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schwartz
- Department of Neurology, Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Karin Kappes-Horn
- Department of Neurology, Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kornblum
- Department of Neurology, Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany.,Centre for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Reimann
- Department of Neurology, Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
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Daeschler SC, Zuker R, Borschel GH. Strategies to Improve Cross-Face Nerve Grafting in Facial Paralysis. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2021; 29:423-430. [PMID: 34217445 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cross-face nerve grafting enables the reanimation of the contralateral hemiface in unilateral facial palsy and may recover a spontaneous smile. This chapter discusses various clinically applicable strategies to increase the chances for good functional outcomes by maintaining the viability of the neural pathway and target muscle, increasing the number of reinnervating nerve fibers and selecting functionally compatible donor nerve branches. Adopting those strategies may help to further improve patient outcomes in facial reanimation surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon C Daeschler
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronald Zuker
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory H Borschel
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Li F, Yin C, Ma Z, Yang K, Sun L, Duan C, Wang T, Hussein A, Wang L, Zhu X, Gao P, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Shu G, Wang S, Jiang Q. PHD3 mediates denervation skeletal muscle atrophy through Nf-κB signal pathway. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21444. [PMID: 33749901 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002049r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the largest organ of the body, the development of skeletal muscle is very important for the health of the animal body. Prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) are the classical regulator of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) signal pathway, many researchers found that PHDs are involved in the muscle fiber type transformation, muscle regeneration, and myocyte differentiation. However, whether PHDs can impact the protein turnover of skeletal muscle is poorly understood. In this study, we constructed denervated muscle atrophy mouse model and found PHD3 was highly expressed in the atrophic muscles and there was a significant correlation between the expression level of PHD3 and skeletal muscle weight which was distinct from PHD1 and PHD2. Then, the similar results were getting from the different weight muscles of normal mice. To further verify the relationship between PHD3 and skeletal muscle protein turnover, we established a PHD3 interference model by injecting PHD3 sgRNA virus into tibialis anterior muscle (TA) muscle of MCK-Cre-cas9 mice and transfecting PHD3 shRNA lentivirus into primary satellite cells. It was found that the Knock-out of PHD3 in vivo led to a significant increase in muscle weight and muscle fiber area (P < .05). Besides, the activity of protein synthesis signal pathway increased significantly, while the protein degradation pathway was inhibited evidently (P < .05). In vitro, the results of 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) and tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE) fluorescence detection showed that PHD3 interference could lead to a decrease in cell proliferation and an increase of cell apoptosis. After the differentiation of satellite cells, the production of puromycin in the interference group was higher than that in the control group, and the content of 3-methylhistidine in the interference group was lower than that in the control group (P < .05) which is consistent with the change of protein turnover signal pathway in the cell. Mechanistically, there is an interaction between PHD3, NF-κB, and IKBα which was detected by immunoprecipitation. With the interfering of PHD3, the expression of the inflammatory signal pathway also significantly decreased (P < .05). These results suggest that PHD3 may affect protein turnover in muscle tissue by mediating inflammatory signal pathway. Finally, we knocked out PHD3 in denervated muscle atrophy mice and LPS-induced myotubes atrophy model. Then, we found that the decrease of PHD3 protein level could alleviate the muscle weight and muscle fiber reduction induced by denervation in mice. Meanwhile, the protein level of the inflammatory signal pathway and the content of 3-methylhistidine in denervated atrophic muscle were also significantly reduced (P < .05). In vitro, PHD3 knock-out could alleviate the decrease of myotube diameter induced by LPS, and the expression of protein synthesis pathway was also significantly increased (P < .05). On the contrary, the expression level of protein degradation and inflammatory signal pathway was significantly decreased (P < .05). Through these series of studies, we found that the increased expression of PHD3 in denervated muscle might be an important regulator in inducing muscle atrophy, and this process is likely to be mediated by the inflammatory NF-κB signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Yin
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zewei Ma
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kelin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Duan
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Abdelaziz Hussein
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songbo Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Soendenbroe C, Andersen JL, Mackey AL. Muscle-nerve communication and the molecular assessment of human skeletal muscle denervation with aging. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C317-C329. [PMID: 34161153 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00174.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Muscle fiber denervation is a major contributor to the decline in physical function observed with aging. Denervation can occur through breakdown of the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) itself, affecting only that particular fiber, or through the death of a motor neuron, which can lead to a loss of all the muscle fibers in that motor unit. In this review, we discuss the muscle-nerve relationship, where signaling from both the motor neuron and the muscle fiber is required for maximal preservation of neuromuscular function in old age. Physical activity is likely to be the most important single factor that can contribute to this preservation. Furthermore, we propose that inactivity is not an innocent bystander, but plays an active role in denervation through the production of signals hostile to neuron survival. Investigating denervation in human muscle tissue samples is challenging due to the shared protein profile of regenerating and denervated muscle fibers. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the key traits observed in immunohistochemical preparations of muscle biopsies from healthy, young, and elderly individuals. Overall, a combination of assessing tissue samples, circulating biomarkers, and electrophysiological assessments in humans will prove fruitful in the quest to gain more understanding of denervation of skeletal muscle. In addition, cell culture models represent a valuable tool in the search for key signaling factors exchanged between muscle and nerve, and which exercise has the capacity to alter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper Soendenbroe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Xlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper L Andersen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Abigail L Mackey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Xlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Leiva-Cepas F, Benito-Ysamat A, Jimena I, Jimenez-Diaz F, Gil-Belmonte MJ, Ruz-Caracuel I, Villalba R, Peña-Amaro J. Ultrasonographic and Histological Correlation after Experimental Reconstruction of a Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury with Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136689. [PMID: 34206557 PMCID: PMC8268690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Different types of scaffolds are used to reconstruct muscle volume loss injuries. In this experimental study, we correlated ultrasound observations with histological findings in a muscle volume loss injury reconstructed with autologous adipose tissue. The outcome is compared with decellularized and porous matrix implants. Autologous adipose tissue, decellularized matrix, and a porous collagen matrix were implanted in volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries generated on the anterior tibial muscles of Wistar rats. Sixty days after implantation, ultrasound findings were compared with histological and histomorphometric analysis. The muscles with an autologous adipose tissue implant exhibited an ultrasound pattern that was quite similar to that of the regenerative control muscles. From a histological point of view, the defects had been occupied by newly formed muscle tissue with certain structural abnormalities that would explain the differences between the ultrasound patterns of the normal control muscles and the regenerated ones. While the decellularized muscle matrix implant resulted in fibrosis and an inflammatory response, the porous collagen matrix implant was replaced by regenerative muscle fibers with neurogenic atrophy and fibrosis. In both cases, the ultrasound images reflected echogenic, echotextural, and vascular changes compatible with the histological findings of failed muscle regeneration. The ultrasound analysis confirmed the histological findings observed in the VML injuries reconstructed by autologous adipose tissue implantation. Ultrasound can be a useful tool for evaluating the structure of muscles reconstructed through tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Leiva-Cepas
- Research Group in Muscle Regeneration, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (F.L.-C.); (A.B.-Y.); (I.J.); (M.J.G.-B.); (I.R.-C.)
- Department of Pathology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alberto Benito-Ysamat
- Research Group in Muscle Regeneration, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (F.L.-C.); (A.B.-Y.); (I.J.); (M.J.G.-B.); (I.R.-C.)
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Radiology Department, Musculoskeletal Section, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Jimena
- Research Group in Muscle Regeneration, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (F.L.-C.); (A.B.-Y.); (I.J.); (M.J.G.-B.); (I.R.-C.)
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Fernando Jimenez-Diaz
- Sport Sciences Faculty, Castilla La Mancha University, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Campus de los Jerónimos, San Antonio Catholic University (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Jesus Gil-Belmonte
- Research Group in Muscle Regeneration, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (F.L.-C.); (A.B.-Y.); (I.J.); (M.J.G.-B.); (I.R.-C.)
| | - Ignacio Ruz-Caracuel
- Research Group in Muscle Regeneration, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (F.L.-C.); (A.B.-Y.); (I.J.); (M.J.G.-B.); (I.R.-C.)
- Department of Pathology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Villalba
- Tissue of Establishment of the Center for Transfusion, Tissues and Cells, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
| | - Jose Peña-Amaro
- Research Group in Muscle Regeneration, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (F.L.-C.); (A.B.-Y.); (I.J.); (M.J.G.-B.); (I.R.-C.)
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Peritubular Capillary Rarefaction: An Underappreciated Regulator of CKD Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218255. [PMID: 33158122 PMCID: PMC7662781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritubular capillary (PTC) rarefaction is commonly detected in chronic kidney disease (CKD) such as hypertensive nephrosclerosis and diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, PTC rarefaction prominently correlates with impaired kidney function and predicts the future development of end-stage renal disease in patients with CKD. However, it is still underappreciated that PTC rarefaction is a pivotal regulator of CKD progression, primarily because the molecular mechanisms of PTC rarefaction have not been well-elucidated. In addition to the established mechanisms (reduced proangiogenic factors and increased anti-angiogenic factors), recent studies discovered significant contribution of the following elements to PTC loss: (1) prompt susceptibility of PTC to injury, (2) impaired proliferation of PTC, (3) apoptosis/senescence of PTC, and (4) pericyte detachment from PTC. Mainly based on the recent and novel findings in basic research and clinical study, this review describes the roles of the above-mentioned elements in PTC loss and focuses on the major factors regulating PTC angiogenesis, the assessment of PTC rarefaction and its surrogate markers, and an overview of the possible therapeutic agents to mitigate PTC rarefaction during CKD progression. PTC rarefaction is not only a prominent histological characteristic of CKD but also a central driving force of CKD progression.
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Wang H, Wang H, Li X, Xu W. Characteristics of Early Internal Laryngeal Muscle Atrophy After Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries in Rats. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:E1256-E1264. [PMID: 33098577 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The present study investigated the characteristics of early internal laryngeal muscle atrophy in recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (RLNI) rats. STUDY DESIGN To observe the characteristics of early internal laryngeal muscle atrophy post RLNI. METHODS Rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated control group (n = 20), recurrent laryngeal nerve transverse injury group (RLNTI, n = 50), and recurrent laryngeal nerve blunt contusion group (RLNBC, n = 50). Five weeks after RLNI, certain rats were sacrificed weekly, and their laryngeal tissues were harvested. The atrophic features of internal laryngeal muscles were detected using hematoxylin and eosin. NF-κB and MuRF-1 levels were tested using IHC. RESULTS The atrophic degree and fibrosis of thyroarytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles were related to the type of RLNI. The average myofiber cross-sectional areas increased before an obvious decrease in the RLNTI and RLNBC groups. Muscle recovery occurred in the RLNBC group starting 4 weeks after RLNI, but only a weak trend was observed in the RLNTI group in the 5th week. During the muscle atrophy process, MuRF-1 and NF-κB were upregulated early and were maintained at a high level, which showed a trend similar to muscle atrophy. However, NF-κB expression was opposite to MuRF-1 expression and muscle atrophy when the muscles recovered. CONCLUSION The atrophy degree of internal laryngeal muscles was associated with the type of RLNI. The NF-κB/MuRF-1 signaling pathway was involved in internal laryngeal muscle atrophy after RLNI, which is different from skeletal muscle after denervation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 131:E1256-E1264, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haizhou Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Tanaka S, Inaoka PT, Yano A, Nakagawa T, Yamazaki T. Fast repetitive stretch suppresses denervation-induced muscle fibrosis. Muscle Nerve 2020; 62:746-756. [PMID: 32893367 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine the influence of different speeds of stretching on denervation-induced skeletal muscle fibrosis. METHODS Stretching was passively applied to rat plantaris muscle denervated by sciatic nerve excision in three different cycles of 0.5, 3, or 12 cycles/min, for 20 min/d for 2 weeks. RESULTS Gene analysis results showed greater expression of fibrosis-related factors with fast stretching compared with non-stretched muscle. Laser Doppler blood flow analysis indicated reduced intramuscular blood flow during stretching. Histological analysis demonstrated fibrotic area decreases in 12 cycles/min stretched muscle compared with non-stretched muscle. CONCLUSIONS Slower stretching induced greater mRNA expression of collagen and fibroblasts and greater decrement of blood flow. Histologically, faster stretching suppressed fibrosis. These results suggest that fast repetitive stretching of denervated muscle might suppress processes of muscle fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Pleiades Tiharu Inaoka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Asami Yano
- Centers of Rehabilitation, Asanogawa General Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takao Nakagawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Yamazaki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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11
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Abstract
The incidence of muscle atrophy is increasing with each passing year, which imposes a huge burden on the quality of life of patients. It is a public health issue that causes a growing concern around the world. Exercise is one of the key strategies to prevent and treat various diseases. Appropriate exercise is conducive to compensatory muscle hypertrophy, to improve muscle strength and elasticity, and to train muscle coordination, which is also beneficial to the recovery of skeletal muscle function and the regeneration of muscle cells. Sequelae of paralysis of patients with limb dyskinesia caused by muscle atrophy will be significantly alleviated after regular exercise therapy. Furthermore, exercise therapy can slow down or even reverse muscle atrophy. This article aims to introduce the characteristics of muscle atrophy and summarize the role and mechanism of exercise in the treatment of muscle atrophy in the existing studies, in order to further explore the mechanism of exercise to protect muscle atrophy and provide protection for patients with muscular atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana He
- Department of Cardiology, Huamei Hospital, (previously named Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Honghua Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Huamei Hospital, (previously named Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
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12
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Ehmsen JT, Höke A. Cellular and molecular features of neurogenic skeletal muscle atrophy. Exp Neurol 2020; 331:113379. [PMID: 32533969 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neurogenic atrophy refers to the loss of muscle mass and function that results directly from injury or disease of the peripheral nervous system. Individuals with neurogenic atrophy may experience reduced functional status and quality of life and, in some circumstances, reduced survival. Distinct pathological findings on muscle histology can aid in diagnosis of a neurogenic cause for muscle dysfunction, and provide indicators for the chronicity of denervation. Denervation induces pleiotypic responses in skeletal muscle, and the molecular mechanisms underlying neurogenic muscle atrophy appear to share common features with other causes of muscle atrophy, including activation of FOXO transcription factors and corresponding induction of ubiquitin-proteasomal and lysosomal degradation. In this review, we provide an overview of histologic features of neurogenic atrophy and a summary of current understanding of underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Ehmsen
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ahmet Höke
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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13
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Valle-Tenney R, Rebolledo D, Acuña MJ, Brandan E. HIF-hypoxia signaling in skeletal muscle physiology and fibrosis. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 14:147-158. [PMID: 32088838 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00553-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia refers to the decrease in oxygen tension in the tissues, and the central effector of the hypoxic response is the transcription factor Hypoxia-Inducible Factor α (HIF1-α). Transient hypoxia in acute events, such as exercising or regeneration after damage, play an important role in skeletal muscle physiology and homeostasis. However, sustained activation of hypoxic signaling is a feature of skeletal muscle injury and disease, which can be a consequence of chronic damage but can also increase the severity of the pathology and worsen its outcome. Here, we review evidence that supports the idea that hypoxia and HIF-1α can contribute to the establishment of fibrosis in skeletal muscle through its crosstalk with other profibrotic factors, such as Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), the induction of profibrotic cytokines expression, as is the case of Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF/CCN2), or being the target of the Renin-angiotensin system (RAS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Valle-Tenney
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración, CARE Chile UC, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Rebolledo
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración, CARE Chile UC, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - María José Acuña
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración, CARE Chile UC, Santiago, Chile.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Brandan
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración, CARE Chile UC, Santiago, Chile. .,Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile. .,Department Cell and Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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14
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Li SP, Zhou XL, Zhao Y. Sedation with midazolam worsens the diaphragm function than dexmedetomidine and propofol during mechanical ventilation in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109405. [PMID: 31810122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation (MV) is identified as an independent contributor to diaphragmatic atrophy and contractile dysfunction. Appropriate sedation is also essential during MV, and anesthetics may have direct adverse effects on the diaphragm. However, there is a lack of research into the effects of different anesthetics on diaphragm function during MV. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we aim to examine the effect of midazolam, dexmedetomidine, and propofol on diaphragm function during MV. DESIGN Animal study. SETTING University research laboratory. SUBJECTS Male Wistar rats. INTERVENTIONS Animals were experienced 12 h of MV or spontaneous breathing (SB) with continuous anesthetics infusion. Diaphragm contractile properties, cross-sectional areas, microcirculation, oxidative stress, and proteolysis were examined. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Diaphragmatic specific force was markedly reduced in the midazolam group compared with the dexmedetomidine (-60.4 ± 3.01%, p < 0.001) and propofol group (-58.3 ± 2.60%, p < 0.001) after MV. MV sedated with midazolam induced more atrophy of type II fibers compared with dexmedetomidine (-21.8 ± 2.11%, p = 0.0001) and propofol (-8.2 ± 1.53%, p = 0.003). No significant differences of these indices were found in the midazolam, dexmedetomidine, and propofol groups under SB condition (all p > 0.05, respectively). Twelve hours of MV resulted in a time dependent reduction in diaphragmatic functional capillary density (PB -25.1%, p = 0.0001; MZ -21.6%, p = 0.0003; DD -15.2%, p = 0.022; PP -24.8%, p = 0.0001, respectively), which did not occur in the gastrocnemius muscle. The diaphragmatic lipid peroxidation adducts 4-HNE and HIF-1α levels were significantly lower in dexmedetomidine group and propofol group compared to midazolam group (p < 0.05, respectively). Meanwhile, the catalase and SOD levels were also relatively lower (p < 0.05, respectively) in midazolam group compared to dexmedetomidine group and propofol group. CONCLUSIONS Twelve hours of mechanical ventilation during midazolam sedation led to a more severe diaphragm dysfunction than dexmedetomidine and propofol, possibly caused by its relative weaker antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ping Li
- 169 Donghu Road, Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Xian-Long Zhou
- 169 Donghu Road, Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- 169 Donghu Road, Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
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15
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Hendrickse P, Degens H. The role of the microcirculation in muscle function and plasticity. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2019; 40:127-140. [PMID: 31165949 PMCID: PMC6726668 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-019-09520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that maintenance of muscle, size, strength and endurance is necessary for quality of life and the role that skeletal muscle microcirculation plays in muscle health is becoming increasingly clear. Here we discuss the role that skeletal muscle microcirculation plays in muscle function and plasticity. Besides the density of the capillary network, also the distribution of capillaries is crucial for adequate muscle oxygenation. While capillaries are important for oxygen delivery, the capillary supply to a fibre is related to fibre size rather than oxidative capacity. This link between fibre size and capillary supply is also reflected by the similar time course of hypertrophy and angiogenesis, and the cross-talk between capillaries and satellite cells. A dense vascular network may in fact be more important for a swift repair of muscle damage than the abundance of satellite cells and a lower capillary density may also attenuate the hypertrophic response. Capillary rarefaction does not only occur during ageing, but also during conditions as chronic heart failure, where endothelial apoptosis has been reported to precede muscle atrophy. It has been suggested that capillary rarefaction precedes sarcopenia. If so, stimulation of angiogenesis by for instance endurance training before a hypertrophic stimulus may enhance the hypertrophic response. The microcirculation may thus well be a little-explored target to improve muscle function and the success of rehabilitation programmes during ageing and chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hendrickse
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building; Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.,Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Hans Degens
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building; Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK. .,Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania. .,University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania.
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16
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Changes in local capillarity of pure and hybrid MyHC muscle fiber types after nerve injury in rat extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL). Histochem Cell Biol 2019; 152:89-107. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-019-01787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Choi YH, Ahn HJ, Park MR, Han MJ, Lee JH, Kwon SK. Dual growth factor-immobilized bioactive injection material for enhanced treatment of glottal insufficiency. Acta Biomater 2019; 86:269-279. [PMID: 30599245 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
With increasing demand for treatment of glottal insufficiency, several injection materials have been examined. However, biological resorption, degradation of injected materials, and the subsequent need to perform multiple injections still remain major clinical problems. In this study, we fabricated two different growth factor (GF) [single basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), single hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), or dual bFGF/HGF]-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 microspheres. These materials were investigated for their potential use as bioactive injection laryngoplasty agents. HGF was found to be continuously released over 20 days and the bFGF was found to be continuously released over 25 days, as demonstrated by ELISA assay. Human vocal fold fibroblasts (hVFFs) showed significantly higher proliferative ability on dual GF-immobilized microspheres. GF-immobilized microspheres (bFGF, HGF, and dual GF) were injected into paralyzed vocal folds of New Zealand white rabbits. Through endoscopic observation and H&E staining, we identified that the microspheres remained localized at the injection site, resulting in constant volume augmentation of the paralyzed vocal fold without significant loss of the initial volume after 4 weeks. The expression of genes related to the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the vocal fold was upregulated by dual GF-immobilized microspheres. Furthermore, dual GF-immobilized microspheres inhibited muscle degeneration and upregulation of myogenic-related genes. In conclusion, dual GF-immobilized microspheres passively augmented the volume of the paralyzed vocal fold while actively inducing ECM synthesis at the injected vocal fold and preserving muscle tissue. Dual GF-immobilized microspheres could be a new and promising injection material for paralyzed vocal folds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Limitation of prolonged augmentation of vocal fold and degeneration of vocal fold tissue still remain as major clinical problems in the treatment of vocal fold paralysis. Herein, we fabricated the polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 microspheres to augment volume of paralyzed vocal folds. On top of that, we additionally immobilized the growth factors (bFGF, HGF, or dual bFGF/HGF) on the surface of these microspheres. We highlight the efficacy of the dual GF-immobilized microspheres which augmented the volume of the paralyzed vocal fold passively, induced ECM synthesis actively at the injected vocal fold and preserved laryngeal muscle tissue. Our results suggest that the dual GF-immobilized microsphere could be a new promising injection material for injection laryngoplasty to treat paralyzed vocal fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ri Park
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Keun Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Montero D, Oberholzer L, Haider T, Breenfeldt-Andersen A, Dandanell S, Meinild-Lundby AK, Maconochie H, Lundby C. Increased capillary density in skeletal muscle is not associated with impaired insulin sensitivity induced by bed rest in healthy young men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 43:1334-1340. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity alters glucose homeostasis in skeletal muscle, potentially developing into overt metabolic disease. The present study sought to investigate the role of skeletal muscle capillarization in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (IS) using a classic human model of physical inactivity. Thirteen healthy males (age = 23 ± 2 years) underwent 4 days of full-time supervised and diet-controlled bed rest. Oral glucose tolerance test, indices of IS (quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), Matsuda index), as well as skeletal muscle biopsies with measurement of fiber type distribution, fiber cross-sectional area (FCSA), capillary-to-fiber ratio (C/F ratio), and capillary density (CD) were assessed prior to and after bed rest. Body weight and composition were unaltered by bed rest. Fasting glucose/insulin ratio (G0/I0 ratio) (−25%, P = 0.016), QUICKI (−7%, P = 0.023), and Matsuda index (−24%, P = 0.003) diminished with bed rest. Skeletal muscle FCSA decreased (−737.4 ± 763.2 μm−2 (−12%), P = 0.005) while C/F ratio was preserved, resulting in augmented CD (+93.9 ± 91.5 capillaries·mm−2 (+37%), P = 0.003) with bed rest. No association was detected between changes in skeletal muscle variables and metabolic outcomes. Independently of bed rest-induced effects, a positive linear relationship was detected between C/F ratio and G0/I0 ratio (β = 17.09, P = 0.021). In conclusion, impaired glucose homeostasis with bed rest is not prevented nor associated with enhanced skeletal muscle capillarization in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Montero
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Oberholzer
- Center for Physical Activity Research, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Haider
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Sune Dandanell
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Hannah Maconochie
- Center for Physical Activity Research, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Lundby
- Center for Physical Activity Research, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
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19
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Netrin-1 improves adipose-derived stem cell proliferation, migration, and treatment effect in type 2 diabetic mice with sciatic denervation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:285. [PMID: 30359296 PMCID: PMC6202825 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic peripheral neurovascular diseases (DPNVs) are complex, lacking effective treatment. Autologous/allogeneic transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is a promising strategy for DPNVs. Nonetheless, the transplanted ADSCs demonstrate unsatisfying viability, migration, adhesion, and differentiation in vivo, which reduce the treatment efficiency. Netrin-1 secreted as an axon guidance molecule and served as an angiogenic factor, demonstrating its ability in enhancing cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and neovascularization. METHODS ADSCs acquired from adipose tissue were modified by Netrin-1 gene (NTN-1) using the adenovirus method (N-ADSCs) and proliferation, migration, adhesion, and apoptosis examined under high-glucose condition. The sciatic denervated mice (db/db) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were transplanted with N-ADSCs and treatment efficiency assessed based on the laser Doppler perfusion index, immunofluorescence, and histopathological assay. Also, the molecular mechanisms underlying Netrin-1-mediated proliferation, migration, adhesion, differentiation, proangiogenic capacity, and apoptosis of ADSCs were explored. RESULTS N-ADSCs improved the proliferation, migration, and adhesion and inhibited the apoptosis of ADSCs in vitro in the condition of high glucose. The N-ADSCs group demonstrated an elevated laser Doppler perfusion index in the ADSCs and control groups. N-ADSCs analyzed by immunofluorescence and histopathological staining demonstrated the distribution of the cells in the injected limb muscles, indicating chronic ischemia; capillaries and endothelium were formed by differentiation of N-ADSCs. The N-ADSCs group showed a significantly high density of the microvessels than the ADSCs group. The upregulation of AKT/PI3K/eNOS/P-38/NF-κB signaling pathways and secretion of multiple growth factors might explain the positive effects of Netrin-1 on ADSCs. CONCLUSION The overexpression of Netrin-1 in ADSCs improves proliferation, migration, and treatment effect in type 2 diabetic mice with sciatic denervation, which directs the clinical treatment of patients with DPNVs.
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20
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Bayer ML, Hoegberget-Kalisz M, Jensen MH, Olesen JL, Svensson RB, Couppé C, Boesen M, Nybing JD, Kurt EY, Magnusson SP, Kjaer M. Role of tissue perfusion, muscle strength recovery, and pain in rehabilitation after acute muscle strain injury: A randomized controlled trial comparing early and delayed rehabilitation. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2579-2591. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika L. Bayer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen; Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Maren Hoegberget-Kalisz
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen; Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Mikkel H. Jensen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen; Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jens L. Olesen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen; Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Research Unit for General Practice in Aalborg; Department of Clinical Medicine; Aalborg University; Aalborg Denmark
| | - Rene B. Svensson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen; Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Christian Couppé
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen; Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Physical Therapy; Bispebjerg Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Mikael Boesen
- Radiology; Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Janus D. Nybing
- Radiology; Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Engin Y. Kurt
- Radiology; Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. Peter Magnusson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen; Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Physical Therapy; Bispebjerg Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Michael Kjaer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen; Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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21
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Misener R, Allenby MC, Fuentes-Garí M, Gupta K, Wiggins T, Panoskaltsis N, Pistikopoulos EN, Mantalaris A. Stem cell biomanufacturing under uncertainty: A case study in optimizing red blood cell production. AIChE J 2018; 64:3011-3022. [PMID: 30166646 PMCID: PMC6108044 DOI: 10.1002/aic.16042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As breakthrough cellular therapy discoveries are translated into reliable, commercializable applications, effective stem cell biomanufacturing requires systematically developing and optimizing bioprocess design and operation. This article proposes a rigorous computational framework for stem cell biomanufacturing under uncertainty. Our mathematical tool kit incorporates: high‐fidelity modeling, single variate and multivariate sensitivity analysis, global topological superstructure optimization, and robust optimization. The advantages of the proposed bioprocess optimization framework using, as a case study, a dual hollow fiber bioreactor producing red blood cells from progenitor cells were quantitatively demonstrated. The optimization phase reduces the cost by a factor of 4, and the price of insuring process performance against uncertainty is approximately 15% over the nominal optimal solution. Mathematical modeling and optimization can guide decision making; the possible commercial impact of this cellular therapy using the disruptive technology paradigm was quantitatively evaluated. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 3011–3022, 2018
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Misener
- Dept. of Computing; Imperial College London; South Kensington London SW7 2AZ U.K
| | - Mark C. Allenby
- Dept. of Haematology; Imperial College London; Harrow London HA1 3UJ U. K
| | - María Fuentes-Garí
- Dept. of Haematology; Imperial College London; Harrow London HA1 3UJ U. K
| | - Karan Gupta
- Dept. of Haematology; Imperial College London; Harrow London HA1 3UJ U. K
| | - Thomas Wiggins
- Dept. of Haematology; Imperial College London; Harrow London HA1 3UJ U. K
| | - Nicki Panoskaltsis
- Artie McFerrin Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843
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22
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Andersen IT, Harrison A, Broholm R, Harder A, Nielsen JB, Bülow J, Pingel J. Microvascularization is not a limiting factor for exercise in adults with cerebral palsy. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:536-544. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00827.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle contractures are a common complication in patients with central nervous system (CNS) lesions which limit range of movement and cause joint deformities. Furthermore, it has previously been shown that muscles with contractures have a reduced number of capillaries, indicating decreased tissue vascularization. The aim of the present study was to investigate the microvascular volume (MV) at rest and after acute exercise in the muscle tissue of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) and healthy control individuals. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was used before and after 30 min of walking or running on a treadmill in 10 healthy control participants and 10 individuals with CP to detect MV of their skeletal muscle tissue. A significant increase in the MV was observed after exercise both in the adult CP group (21–53 yr) and in the control group (21–52 yr) (1.8 ± 0.8 ΔdB to 3.1 ± 0.9 ΔdB or 42.9% and 1.5 ± 0.6 ΔdB to 2.5 ± 0.9 ΔdB or 39.0%, respectively). Furthermore, a difference in the resting MV was observed between the most severe cases of CP [gross motor function classification scale (GMFCS) 3 and 4] (2.3 ± 0.5 ΔdB) and the less severe cases (GMFCS 1 and 2) (1.5 ± 0.2 ΔdB). When the CP group was walking (3.4 km/h), the lactate levels, Borg score, and heart rate matched the level of controls when they were running (9.8 km/h). In conclusion, individuals with CP become exhausted at much lower exercise intensities than healthy individuals. This is not explained by impaired microvascularization, since the MV of the individuals with CP respond normally to increased O2 demand during acute exercise. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cerebral palsy (CP) patients were less physically active compared with typically developed individuals. This may affect the microvascularization. We observed that the CP group became exhausted at much lower exercise intensities compared with healthy individuals. However, impaired microvascularization was not the reason for the decreased physical activity as the CP group responded normally to increased O2 demand during acute exercise. These results indicate that walking may be recommended as an intervention to train and maintain skeletal muscle tissue in individuals with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian Harrison
- MyoDynamik ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Broholm
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Bo Nielsen
- Center for Neuroscience, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Bülow
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jessica Pingel
- Center for Neuroscience, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Time course of denervation-induced changes in gastrocnemius muscles of adult and old rats. Exp Gerontol 2018; 106:165-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Gumina S, Candela V, Mariani L, Venditto T, Catalano C, Castellano S, Santilli V, Giannicola G, Castagna A. Rotator cuff degeneration of the healthy shoulder in patients with unilateral arm amputation is not worsened by overuse. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018; 26:182-187. [PMID: 28707116 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-017-4619-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to evaluate whether overuse has a significant role in rotator cuff tear (RCT) aetiology, we evaluated both shoulders of patients with old unilateral arm amputation expecting a higher rate of RC degeneration in the healthy side. METHODS Nineteen males and six females (mean age: 57.3 ± 10.1) with an old (>20 years) unilateral arm amputation were submitted to an MRI of both shoulders. Tendon status and muscle tropism were evaluated according to Sugaya and Fuchs classifications, respectively; the acromion humeral distance was measured. Statistical analysis was performed to verify the prevalence of Sugaya and Fuchs categories in each sides. RESULTS A significant prevalence of Sugaya type II in the amputated side (p = 0.02) and of type I in the healthy side (p < 0.001) was found. Rotator cuff was healthy in 28 and 52% of amputated and non-amputated side, respectively. The mean acromio-humeral distances of the amputated and healthy side were 0.8 cm (SD: 0.1) and 0.9 cm (SD: 0.1), respectively, (p = 0.02). A significant prevalence of Fuchs type II category in the healthy side (p < 0.001) was found. Fuchs III/IV were observed in 40 and 12% of amputated and healthy side, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study resizes the role of overuse on the aetiology of RCT. Cuff tear prevalence in not amputated shoulders, inevitably submitted to functional overload, was not higher than that of coetaneous subjects with two functional upper limbs. Shoulder non-use is a risk factor for rotator cuff tear. As the prevalence of rotator cuff degeneration/tear is higher in the amputee side, non-use is a more relevant risk factor than overuse. In the daily clinical practice, patients with rotator cuff tear should be encouraged to shoulder movement because rotator cuff tendon status could be worsened by disuse. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gumina
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - V Candela
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Mariani
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - T Venditto
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Catalano
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - V Santilli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Giannicola
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Edmundsson DS, Toolanen GL, Stål PS. Muscle changes in patients with diabetes and chronic exertional compartment syndrome before and after treatment with fasciotomy. Muscle Nerve 2017; 57:229-239. [PMID: 28561900 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Muscle changes in patients with diabetes and lower leg pain due to chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) were investigated before and after fasciotomy. METHODS The tibialis anterior muscle was analyzed with histochemical and morphological techniques in 7 patients with diabetes and CECS before fasciotomy and in 5 of them 1 year after fasciotomy. Nondiabetic patients with CECS and healthy participants served as references. RESULTS Before treatment, walking distance until occurrence of pain was limited (<0.2 km). Intramuscular pressure was significantly higher than in reference participants. Muscle analysis showed changes pathognomonic for neuropathy and myopathy and a restricted capillary network, with significantly more severe changes in the muscles of patients with diabetes than in the muscles of nondiabetic patients. Treatment with fasciotomy improved clinical signs, increased walking ability, and reduced muscle abnormalities, but muscle capillarization remained low. DISCUSSION Patients with diabetes and CECS have distinct pathological changes in affected muscles. Pressure-relieving fasciotomy triggers a regenerative response in the muscle tissue but not in the capillary bed. Muscle Nerve 57: 229-239, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Edmundsson
- Division of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery and Perioperative Science, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Göran L Toolanen
- Division of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery and Perioperative Science, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per S Stål
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology, Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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Robin V, Griffith G, Carter JPL, Leumann CJ, Garcia L, Goyenvalle A. Efficient SMN Rescue following Subcutaneous Tricyclo-DNA Antisense Oligonucleotide Treatment. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017. [PMID: 28624227 PMCID: PMC5415958 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a recessive disease caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene, which encodes the protein survival motor neuron (SMN), whose absence dramatically affects the survival of motor neurons. In humans, the severity of the disease is lessened by the presence of a gene copy, SMN2. SMN2 differs from SMN1 by a C-to-T transition in exon 7, which modifies pre-mRNA splicing and prevents successful SMN synthesis. Splice-switching approaches using antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) have already been shown to correct this SMN2 gene transition, providing a therapeutic avenue for SMA. However, AON administration to the CNS presents additional hurdles. In this study, we show that systemic delivery of tricyclo-DNA (tcDNA) AONs in a type III SMA mouse augments retention of exon 7 in SMN2 mRNA both in peripheral organs and the CNS. Mild type III SMA mice were selected as opposed to the severe type I model in order to test tcDNA efficacy and their ability to enter the CNS after maturation of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, subcutaneous treatment significantly improved the necrosis phenotype and respiratory function. In summary, our data support that tcDNA oligomers effectively cross the blood-brain barrier and offer a promising systemic alternative for treating SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Robin
- Université Versailles Saint Quentin, INSERM U1179, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.
| | - Graziella Griffith
- Université Versailles Saint Quentin, INSERM U1179, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - John-Paul L Carter
- Université Versailles Saint Quentin, INSERM U1179, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Christian J Leumann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luis Garcia
- Université Versailles Saint Quentin, INSERM U1179, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Aurélie Goyenvalle
- Université Versailles Saint Quentin, INSERM U1179, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.
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Pingel J, Bartels EM, Nielsen JB. New perspectives on the development of muscle contractures following central motor lesions. J Physiol 2017; 595:1027-1038. [PMID: 27779750 PMCID: PMC5309377 DOI: 10.1113/jp272767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle contractures are common in patients with central motor lesions, but the mechanisms responsible for the development of contractures are still unclear. Increased or decreased neural activation, protracted placement of a joint with the muscle in a short position and muscle atrophy have been suggested to be involved, but none of these mechanisms are sufficient to explain the development of muscle contractures alone. Here we propose that changes in tissue homeostasis in the neuromuscular-tendon-connective tissue complex is at the heart of the development of contractures, and that an integrated physiological understanding of the interaction between neural, mechanical and metabolic factors, as well as genetic and epigenetic factors, is necessary in order to unravel the mechanisms that result in muscle contractures. We hope thereby to contribute to a reconsideration of how and why muscle contractures develop in a way which will open a window towards new insight in this area in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Pingel
- Department of ExerciseNutrition and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenDenmark
| | - E. M. Bartels
- The Biochemistry and Physiology LaboratoryThe Parker InstituteCopenhagen University HospitalBispebjerg and FrederiksbergDenmark
| | - J. B. Nielsen
- Department of ExerciseNutrition and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenDenmark
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Kurz FT, Buschle LR, Kampf T, Zhang K, Schlemmer HP, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Ziener CH. Spin dephasing in a magnetic dipole field around large capillaries: Approximative and exact results. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 273:83-97. [PMID: 27794269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present an analytical solution of the Bloch-Torrey equation for local spin dephasing in the magnetic dipole field around a capillary and for ensembles of capillaries, and adapt this solution for the study of spin dephasing around large capillaries. In addition, we provide a rigorous mathematical derivation of the slow diffusion approximation for the spin-bearing particles that is used in this regime. We further show that, in analogy to the local magnetization, the transverse magnetization of one MR imaging voxel in the regime of static dephasing (where diffusion effects are not considered) is merely the first term of a series expansion that constitutes the signal in the slow diffusion approximation. Theoretical results are in agreement with experimental data for capillaries in rat muscle at 7T.
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Affiliation(s)
- F T Kurz
- Heidelberg University Hospital, INF 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - L R Buschle
- German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Kampf
- University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - K Zhang
- German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H P Schlemmer
- German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Heiland
- Heidelberg University Hospital, INF 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Bendszus
- Heidelberg University Hospital, INF 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C H Ziener
- Heidelberg University Hospital, INF 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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30
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CPMG relaxation rate dispersion in dipole fields around capillaries. Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 34:875-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cen Y, Liu J, Qin Y, Liu R, Wang H, Zhou Y, Wang S, Hu Z. Denervation in Femoral Artery-Ligated Hindlimbs Diminishes Ischemic Recovery Primarily via Impaired Arteriogenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154941. [PMID: 27175510 PMCID: PMC4866779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Multiple factors regulate arteriogenesis. Peripheral nerves play a crucial role in vascular remodeling, but the function of peripheral nerves during arteriogenesis is obscure. Our study investigated the contribution of denervation to arteriogenesis during post-ischemic recovery from hindlimb femoral artery ligation. Methods and Results Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into four groups of normal control (NC), hindlimb ischemia (HI), hindlimb ischemia with denervation (HID) and hindlimb simple denervation (HD). Hindlimb ischemic recovery was assessed by clinical assessment and tibialis anterior muscle remodeling on day 28 post-surgery. Blood flow was determined by laser Doppler imaging on day 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28 post-surgery. Collateral number of hindlimb was observed by angiography and gracilis muscles were tested by immunostaining on day 7 and 28 post-surgery. Angiogenesis was accessed by counting CD31 positive capillaries in tibialis anterior muscles on day 28 post-surgery. Group HID showed impaired ischemic recovery compared with the other 3 groups and impaired blood flow recovery compared with group HI on day 28 post-surgery. The collateral number and capillary density of group HID were lower than group HI. The collateral diameter of both group HID and group HI significantly increased compared with group NC. However, the lumen diameter was much narrower and the vessel wall was much thicker in group HID than group HI. We also demonstrated that the thickened neointima of collaterals in group HID comprised of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. Conclusions Denervation of the ligated femoral artery in the hindlimb impairs ischemic recovery via impaired perfusion. The possible mechanisms of impaired perfusion are lower collateral number, lower capillary density and most likely narrower lumen, which damage ischemic recovery. This study illustrates the crucial role of peripheral nerves in arteriogenesis using a model combined ischemia with denervation in hindlimb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghuan Cen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuansen Qin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiming Liu
- Laboratory of Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijin Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenming Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuojun Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Brioche T, Pagano AF, Py G, Chopard A. Muscle wasting and aging: Experimental models, fatty infiltrations, and prevention. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 50:56-87. [PMID: 27106402 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Identification of cost-effective interventions to maintain muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance during muscle wasting and aging is an important public health challenge. It requires understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. Muscle-deconditioning processes have been deciphered by means of several experimental models, bringing together the opportunities to devise comprehensive analysis of muscle wasting. Studies have increasingly recognized the importance of fatty infiltrations or intermuscular adipose tissue for the age-mediated loss of skeletal-muscle function and emphasized that this new important factor is closely linked to inactivity. The present review aims to address three main points. We first mainly focus on available experimental models involving cell, animal, or human experiments on muscle wasting. We next point out the role of intermuscular adipose tissue in muscle wasting and aging and try to highlight new findings concerning aging and muscle-resident mesenchymal stem cells called fibro/adipogenic progenitors by linking some cellular players implicated in both FAP fate modulation and advancing age. In the last part, we review the main data on the efficiency and molecular and cellular mechanisms by which exercise, replacement hormone therapies, and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate prevent muscle wasting and sarcopenia. Finally, we will discuss a potential therapeutic target of sarcopenia: glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Brioche
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier F-34060, France.
| | - Allan F Pagano
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier F-34060, France
| | - Guillaume Py
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier F-34060, France
| | - Angèle Chopard
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier F-34060, France
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Nagai H, Nishiyama K, Seino Y, Tabata Y, Okamoto M. Evaluation of Autologous Fascia Implantation With Controlled Release of Fibroblast Growth Factor for Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis Due to Long-term Denervation. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2016; 125:508-15. [DOI: 10.1177/0003489415625075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Paralyzed tissue due to long-term denervation is resistant to many treatments because it induces irreversible histological changes and disorders of deglutition or phonation. We sought to determine the effect of autologous transplantation of fascia into the vocal fold (ATFV) with controlled release of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on long-term unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). Methods: Unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) section was performed on 20 rats. Five rats were implanted with autologous fascia only (fascia group), and 10 rats were implanted with autologous fascia and a gelatin hydrogel sheet with 1 μg (1 μg bFGF + fascia group) or 0.1 μg (0.1 μg bFGF + fascia group) of bFGF 4 months after RLN section. We evaluated the normalized glottal gap and laryngeal volume and histological changes 3 months after implantation. Results: The normalized glottal gap was significantly reduced in the 3 fascia implantation groups. Normalized laryngeal volume, fat volume, and lateral thyroarytenoid muscle volume were significantly increased in the 2 fascia implantation with bFGF groups. Conclusions: The ATFV with controlled release of bFGF repaired the glottal gap and laryngeal volume after RLN section and may reduce the occurrence of aspiration and hoarseness. We speculate that this treatment improves laryngeal function in long-term RLN denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Nagai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamato Municipal Hospital, Yamato City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Yutomo Seino
- Department of Otolaryngology Head-Neck Surgery, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Kyoto University Institute for Frontier Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makito Okamoto
- Department of Otolaryngology Head-Neck Surgery, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
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Moore CW, Allen MD, Kimpinski K, Doherty TJ, Rice CL. Reduced skeletal muscle quantity and quality in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Muscle Nerve 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.24779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin W. Moore
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6G 1H1 Canada
| | - Matti D. Allen
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6G 1H1 Canada
- School of Medicine, Queen's University; Kingston Ontario Canada
| | - Kurt Kimpinski
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6G 1H1 Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada
| | - Timothy J. Doherty
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6G 1H1 Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada
| | - Charles L. Rice
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6G 1H1 Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada
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Liu F, Tang W, Chen D, Li M, Gao Y, Zheng H, Chen S. Expression of TGF- β1 and CTGF Is Associated with Fibrosis of Denervated Sternocleidomastoid Muscles in Mice. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2016; 238:49-56. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.238.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University
| | - Weifang Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University
| | - Donghui Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University
| | - Yinna Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University
| | - Hongliang Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University
| | - Shicai Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Center of Chinese PLA
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Kuo YT, Shih PH, Kao SH, Yeh GC, Lee HM. Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Resists Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy by Activating PGC-1α and Integrating Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Complexes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143600. [PMID: 26646764 PMCID: PMC4672922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Denervation-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy results from the loss of electric stimulation and leads to protein degradation, which is critically regulated by the well-confirmed transcriptional co-activator peroxisome proliferator co-activator 1 alpha (PGC-1α). No adequate treatments of muscle wasting are available. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a naturally occurring antioxidant component with multiple functions including mitochondrial modulation, demonstrates the ability to protect against muscle dysfunction. However, it remains unclear whether PQQ enhances PGC-1α activation and resists skeletal muscle atrophy in mice subjected to a denervation operation. This work investigates the expression of PGC-1α and mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle of denervated mice administered PQQ. The C57BL6/J mouse was subjected to a hindlimb sciatic axotomy. A PQQ-containing ALZET® osmotic pump (equivalent to 4.5 mg/day/kg b.w.) was implanted subcutaneously into the right lower abdomen of the mouse. In the time course study, the mouse was sacrificed and the gastrocnemius muscle was prepared for further myopathological staining, energy metabolism analysis, western blotting, and real-time quantitative PCR studies. We observed that PQQ administration abolished the denervation-induced decrease in muscle mass and reduced mitochondrial activities, as evidenced by the reduced fiber size and the decreased expression of cytochrome c oxidase and NADH-tetrazolium reductase. Bioenergetic analysis demonstrated that PQQ reprogrammed the denervation-induced increase in the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and led to an increase in the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), a measurement of the glycolytic metabolism. The protein levels of PGC-1α and the electron transport chain (ETC) complexes were also increased by treatment with PQQ. Furthermore, PQQ administration highly enhanced the expression of oxidative fibers and maintained the type II glycolytic fibers. This pre-clinical in vivo study suggests that PQQ may provide a potent therapeutic benefit for the treatment of denervation-induced atrophy by activating PGC-1α and maintaining the mitochondrial ETC complex in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ting Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsiao Shih
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Huei Kao
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Geng-Chang Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Mo Lee
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Sugimoto T, Taya Y, Shimazu Y, Soeno Y, Sato K, Aoba T. Three-Dimensional Visualization of Developing Neurovascular Architecture in the Craniofacial Region of Embryonic Mice. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2015; 298:1824-35. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Sugimoto
- Department of Pathology; The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo; Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuji Taya
- Department of Pathology; The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo; Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shimazu
- Department of Food and Life Science; School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University; Sagamihara Kanagawa Japan
| | - Yuuichi Soeno
- Department of Pathology; The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo; Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Kaori Sato
- Department of Pathology; The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo; Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Takaaki Aoba
- Department of Pathology; The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo; Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan
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Song Y, Forsgren S, Liu JX, Yu JG, Stål P. Unilateral muscle overuse causes bilateral changes in muscle fiber composition and vascular supply. PLoS One 2014; 9:e116455. [PMID: 25545800 PMCID: PMC4278887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Unilateral strength training can cause cross-transfer strength effects to the homologous contralateral muscles. However, the impact of the cross-over effects on the muscle tissue is unclear. To test the hypothesis that unilateral muscle overuse causes bilateral alterations in muscle fiber composition and vascular supply, we have used an experimental rabbit model with unilateral unloaded overstrain exercise via electrical muscle stimulation (E/EMS). The soleus (SOL) and gastrocnemius (GA) muscles of both exercised (E) and contralateral non-exercised (NE) legs (n = 24) were morphologically analyzed after 1 w, 3 w and 6 w of EMS. Non-exercised rabbits served as controls (n = 6). After unilateral intervention the muscles of both E and NE legs showed myositis and structural and molecular tissue changes that to various degrees mirrored each other. The fiber area was bilaterally smaller than in controls after 3 w of E/EMS in both SOL (E 4420 and NE 4333 µm2 vs. 5183 µm2, p<0.05) and GA (E 3572 and NE 2983 µm2 vs. 4697 µm2, p<0.02) muscles. After 6 w of E/EMS, the percentage of slow MyHCI fibers was lower than in controls in the NE legs of SOL (88.1% vs. 98.1%, p<0.009), while the percentage of fast MyHCIIa fibers was higher in the NE legs of GA (25.7% vs. 15.8%, p = 0.02). The number of capillaries around fibers in the E and NE legs was lower (SOL 13% and 15%, respectively, GA 25% and 23%, respectively, p<0.05) than in controls. The overall alterations were more marked in the fast GA muscle than in the slow SOL muscle, which on the other hand showed more histopathological muscle changes. We conclude that unilateral repetitive unloaded overuse exercise via EMS causes myositis and muscle changes in fiber type proportions, fiber area and fiber capillarization not only in the exercised leg, but also in the homologous muscles in the non-exercised leg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Song
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sture Forsgren
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ji-Guo Yu
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Sports Medicine Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Stål
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
This review concentrates on the biology of long-term denervated muscle, especially as it relates to newer techniques for restoring functional mass. After denervation, muscle passes through three stages: 1) immediate loss of voluntary function and rapid loss of mass, 2) increasing atrophy and loss of sarcomeric organization, and 3) muscle fiber degeneration and replacement of muscle by fibrous connective tissue and fat. Parallel to the overall program of atrophy and degeneration is the proliferation and activation of satellite cells, and the appearance of neomyogenesis within the denervated muscle. Techniques such as functional electrical stimulation take advantage of this capability to restore functional mass to a denervated muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce M Carlson
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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40
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Hogendoorn S, Duijnisveld BJ, van Duinen SG, Stoel BC, van Dijk JG, Fibbe WE, Nelissen RGHH. Local injection of autologous bone marrow cells to regenerate muscle in patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury: a pilot study. Bone Joint Res 2014; 3:38-47. [PMID: 24565688 PMCID: PMC3942869 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.32.2000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Traumatic brachial plexus injury causes severe functional impairment
of the arm. Elbow flexion is often affected. Nerve surgery or tendon
transfers provide the only means to obtain improved elbow flexion.
Unfortunately, the functionality of the arm often remains insufficient.
Stem cell therapy could potentially improve muscle strength and
avoid muscle-tendon transfer. This pilot study assesses the safety
and regenerative potential of autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear
cell injection in partially denervated biceps. Methods Nine brachial plexus patients with insufficient elbow flexion
(i.e., partial denervation) received intramuscular escalating doses
of autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells, combined with
tendon transfers. Effect parameters included biceps biopsies, motor
unit analysis on needle electromyography and computerised muscle tomography,
before and after cell therapy. Results No adverse effects in vital signs, bone marrow aspiration sites,
injection sites, or surgical wound were seen. After cell therapy
there was a 52% decrease in muscle fibrosis (p = 0.01), an 80% increase
in myofibre diameter (p = 0.007), a 50% increase in satellite cells
(p = 0.045) and an 83% increase in capillary-to-myofibre ratio (p
< 0.001) was shown. CT analysis demonstrated a 48% decrease in
mean muscle density (p = 0.009). Motor unit analysis showed a mean
increase of 36% in motor unit amplitude (p = 0.045), 22% increase
in duration (p = 0.005) and 29% increase in number of phases (p
= 0.002). Conclusions Mononuclear cell injection in partly denervated muscle of brachial
plexus patients is safe. The results suggest enhanced muscle reinnervation
and regeneration. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:38–47.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hogendoorn
- Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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41
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Skeletal muscle microvasculature in the diagnosis of neuromuscular disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2013; 72:906-18. [PMID: 24042201 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e3182a7f0b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are often overlooked in analyses of skeletal muscle biopsies. However, there are many vascular features in skeletal muscle biopsies that, when interpreted in the context of other histologic patterns and clinical history, provide useful information that allows muscle pathologists to narrow their differential diagnoses and provide more accurate guidance to treating physicians. Here, we provide a review of normal skeletal muscle vasculature with details of the ultrastructure of vessel walls. We discuss the vascular effects of factors common to many patients undergoing muscle biopsy, for example, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and aging. We then discuss vascular findings relevant to diagnostic muscle biopsy evaluation, with current theories of pathogenesis and detailed descriptions of the important features.
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Alvarado M, Lara-García M, Cuevas E, Berbel P, Pacheco P. Denervation and Castration Effects on the Cross-Sectional Area of Pubococcygeus Muscle Fibers in Male Rats. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 296:1634-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayvi Alvarado
- Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana; Xalapa Veracruz Mexico
| | - Miguel Lara-García
- Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana; Xalapa Veracruz Mexico
| | - Estela Cuevas
- Centro Tlaxcala Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala; Tlaxcala Mexico
| | - Pere Berbel
- Instituto de Neurociencias; Universidad Miguel Hernández; Alicante Spain
| | - Pablo Pacheco
- Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana; Xalapa Veracruz Mexico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; D.F. Mexico
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Renault MA, Chapouly C, Yao Q, Larrieu-Lahargue F, Vandierdonck S, Reynaud A, Petit M, Jaspard-Vinassa B, Belloc I, Traiffort E, Ruat M, Duplàa C, Couffinhal T, Desgranges C, Gadeau AP. Desert hedgehog promotes ischemia-induced angiogenesis by ensuring peripheral nerve survival. Circ Res 2013; 112:762-70. [PMID: 23343527 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.113.300871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Blood vessel growth and patterning have been shown to be regulated by nerve-derived signals. Desert hedgehog (Dhh), one of the Hedgehog family members, is expressed by Schwann cells of peripheral nerves. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of Dhh to angiogenesis in the setting of ischemia. METHODS AND RESULTS We induced hindlimb ischemia in wild-type and Dhh(-/-) mice. First, we found that limb perfusion is significantly impaired in the absence of Dhh. This effect is associated with a significant decrease in capillary and artery density in Dhh(-/-). By using mice in which the Hedgehog signaling pathway effector Smoothened was specifically invalidated in endothelial cells, we demonstrated that Dhh does not promote angiogenesis by a direct activation of endothelial cells. On the contrary, we found that Dhh promotes peripheral nerve survival in the ischemic muscle and, by doing so, maintains the pool of nerve-derived proangiogenic factors. Consistently, we found that denervation of the leg, immediately after the onset of ischemia, severely impairs ischemia-induced angiogenesis and decreases expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A, angiopoietin 1, and neurotrophin 3 in the ischemic muscle. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the crucial roles of nerves and factors regulating nerve physiology in the setting of ischemia-induced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Ange Renault
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 1 Avenue de Magellan, Pessac, France.
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Garland CB, Pomerantz JH. Regenerative strategies for craniofacial disorders. Front Physiol 2012; 3:453. [PMID: 23248598 PMCID: PMC3521957 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial disorders present markedly complicated problems in reconstruction because of the complex interactions of the multiple, simultaneously affected tissues. Regenerative medicine holds promise for new strategies to improve treatment of these disorders. This review addresses current areas of unmet need in craniofacial reconstruction and emphasizes how craniofacial tissues differ from their analogs elsewhere in the body. We present a problem-based approach to illustrate current treatment strategies for various craniofacial disorders, to highlight areas of need, and to suggest regenerative strategies for craniofacial bone, fat, muscle, nerve, and skin. For some tissues, current approaches offer excellent reconstructive solutions using autologous tissue or prosthetic materials. Thus, new “regenerative” approaches would need to offer major advantages in order to be adopted. In other tissues, the unmet need is great, and we suggest the greatest regenerative need is for muscle, skin, and nerve. The advent of composite facial tissue transplantation and the development of regenerative medicine are each likely to add important new paradigms to our treatment of craniofacial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine B Garland
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA ; Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology Program, University of California San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA
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Stål PS, Johansson B. Abnormal Mitochondria Organization and Oxidative Activity in the Palate Muscles of Long-Term Snorers with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Respiration 2012; 83:407-17. [DOI: 10.1159/000336040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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46
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Stone AV, Ma J, Callahan MF, Smith BP, Garrett JP, Smith TL, Koman LA. Dose- and volume dependent-response to intramuscular injection of botulinum neurotoxin-A optimizes muscle force decrement in mice. J Orthop Res 2011; 29:1764-70. [PMID: 21491479 DOI: 10.1002/jor.21434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNTA) is a potent neurotoxin used to alter muscle tone to manage spasticity and to provide tendon bioprotection; however, the appropriate dose and injection volume to administer is not defined. Male mice (n = 120) received BoNTA injections into one gastrocnemius with either a constant volume (10 µl) with a variable dose (1, 3, 6 U/kg) or a constant dose (3 U/kg) in a variable volume (2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30 µl). Electromyographic (EMG) examination, muscle force generation (MFG), and wet muscle mass were measured in the ipsilateral and contralateral limbs at 1, 2, 4, or 12 weeks post-injection. MFG and EMG responses decreased to approximately 40% of contralateral after a 1 U/kg injection and 0% of contralateral by 3 and 6 U/kg injection at 1 week after injection. Neuromuscular blockade was greatest with a 10 µl injection volume. MFG, EMG examination, and wet muscle mass reached contralateral values 12 weeks after injection for all injection doses and volumes tested. Effective injection doses and volumes were identified for producing full and partial neuromuscular blockade in the mouse gastrocnemius. These findings have important clinical implications in the intramuscular administration of BoNTA to manage muscle tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin V Stone
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
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Wagatsuma A, Kotake N, Mabuchi K, Yamada S. Expression of nuclear-encoded genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in experimentally denervated muscle. J Physiol Biochem 2011; 67:359-70. [PMID: 21394548 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-011-0083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The abundance, morphology, and functional properties of mitochondria become altered in response to denervation. To gain insight into the regulation of this process, mitochondrial enzyme activities and gene expression involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in mouse gastrocnemius muscle was investigated. Sciatic nerve transactions were performed on mice, and then gastrocnemius muscles were isolated at days 5 and 30 after surgery. Muscle weight was decreased significantly by 15% and 62% at days 5 and 30 after surgery, respectively. The activity of citrate synthase, a marker of oxidative enzyme, was reduced significantly by 31% and 53% at days 5 and 30, respectively. Enzyme histochemical analysis revealed that subsarcolemmal mitochondria were largely lost than intermyofibrillar mitochondria at day 5, and this trend was further progressed at day 30 after surgery. Expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, γ coactivator 1 (PGC-1)α, estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), and mitofusin 2 were down-regulated throughout the experimental period, whereas those of PGC-1β, PRC, nuclear respiratory factor (NRF)-1, NRF-2, TFAM, and Lon protease were down-regulated at day 30 after surgery. These results suggest that PGC-1α, ERRα, and mitofusin 2 may be important factors in the process of denervation-induced mitochondrial adaptation. In addition, other PGC-1 family of transcriptional coactivators and DNA binding transcription factors may also contribute to mitochondrial adaptation after early response to denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Wagatsuma
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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48
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Goertz O, Hirsch T, Ring A, Muehlberger T, Steinau HU, Tilkorn D, Lehnhardt M, Homann HH. Influence of antiseptics on microcirculation after neuronal and receptor blockade. Int Wound J 2011; 8:365-73. [PMID: 21645263 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-481x.2011.00800.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The topical application of the antiseptics octenidine and polyhexanide on wounds seems to improve microcirculation. These two antiseptics were tested in combination with neuronal inhibition and sympathethic receptor blockade to verify these findings, explore the influence of β blockers on these microcirculative effects, and find out the principle of operation. Investigations were carried out on a standardised cremaster muscle model in rats (n = 66). The tested antiseptics, octenidine and polyhexanide were investigated alone (n = 12) and in combination with bupivacaine (n = 12), metoprolol (n = 12), phentolamine (n = 12) and surgical denervation (n = 12). Physiological saline was used for control (n = 6). The arteriolar diameter and functional capillary density (FCD) were investigated via trans-illumination microscopy before, as well as 60 and 120 minutes after application. Polyhexanide caused a significant increase in arteriolar diameter (86·5 ± 3·8 µm versus 100·0 ± 3·6 µm) and, like octenidine (7·2 ± 0·7 n/0·22 mm(2) versus 11·6 ± 0·6 n/0·22 mm(2) ), in FCD (9·2 ± 0·5 versus 12·6 ± 0·9) as well. When the antiseptics are used in combination with bupivacaine, metoprolol, phentolamine or surgical sympathectomy, these effects were eliminated or inverted. Assessing the results of the different blockades in combination with polyhexanide, we surmise that the antiseptic polyhexanide acts on the microcirculation mainly by blocking α receptors. This study shows that polyhexanide and octenidine improve muscular perfusion. Interestingly, the benefit of polyhexanide and octenidine on muscular perfusion is eliminated when the antiseptics are combined with other vasoactive agents, especially β blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Goertz
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, BG-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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Collateral vessel growth induced by femoral artery ligature is impaired by denervation. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 354:219-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0821-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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ERŽEN I, JANÁČEK J, KUBÍNOVÁ L. Characterization of the Capillary Network in Skeletal Muscles From 3D Data. Physiol Res 2011; 60:1-13. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.931988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we present immunohistochemical methods for visualization of capillaries and muscle fibres in thick muscle sections. Special attention is paid to the procedures that preserve good morphology. Applying confocal microscopy and virtual 3D stereological grids, or tracing of capillaries in virtual reality, length of capillaries within a muscle volume or length of capillaries adjacent to a muscle fibre per fibre length, fibre surface area or fibre volume can be evaluated by an unbiased approach. Moreover, 3D models of capillaries and muscle fibres can be produced. Comparison of the developed methods with counting capillary profiles from 2D sections is discussed and the reader is warned that counting capillary profiles from 2D sections can underestimate the capillary length by as much as 75 percent. Application of the described 3D methodology is illustrated by the anatomical remodelling of capillarity during acute denervation and early reinnervation in the rat soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. ERŽEN
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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