1
|
Hosseini SH, Mirzaei-Alamouti H, Mansouryar M, Vazirigohar M, Rezamand P, Mahjoubi E, Ramezankhani J, Aschenbach JR. Response to Incremental Replacement of Palm Oil with Fish Oil in Starter Diet on Growth Performance, Plasma Metabolites, Ruminal Fermentation, and Behavior of Dairy Calves. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1061. [PMID: 38612300 PMCID: PMC11010903 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the incremental levels of n-3 fatty acids (FA) in starter feed (SF) on growth and metabolic performance of milk-fed calves. From day 3 of age, 30 female calves (39.4 ± 3.1 kg of body weight) were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments: (1) SF supplemented with 3.3% palm fatty acids (PO), (2) SF supplemented with 1.7% of PO and 1.9% fish oil (PFO), or (3) SF supplemented with 3.9% fish oil (FO). Chopped straw (7.5% of DM) was included in the SF of all treatments as total mixed ration (TMR). Diets had similar energy and protein contents. Total n-3 FA (% of total FA) and n-6/n-3 of PO, PFO, and FO were 1.90, 6.80, and 11.8 and 15.5, 4.50, and 2.70, respectively. The BW was greater for calves receiving FO (60.2 ± 0.3 kg) compared with PFO (58.7 ± 0.3 kg; p = 0.007) and tended to be greater for calves receiving FO vs. PO (59.0 ± 0.3 kg; p = 0.050). Because there was no interaction effect between diet × week of experiment, the greater BW of FO could not be attributed to the dietary treatment. Accordingly, average daily gain, total dry matter intake (DMI), starter DMI, and gain to intake ratio (G:FI) did not differ among dietary treatments during the entire period of the study (p > 0.05). Dietary treatments did not impact body size parameters such as body length, body girth, withers height, heart girth, hip height, and width (p > 0.05). Neither ruminal fermentation parameters nor blood variables were influenced by supplementing the types of oil at different time points. Calves' behavioral parameters, such as standing, lying, eating, and ruminating, were not influenced by different dietary treatments (p > 0.05). The number of days with abnormal fecal score was not different among dietary groups (p > 0.05). Overall, our findings suggest that changing the n-6/n-3 ratio in starter feed by incremental replacement of palm fatty acid with fish oil at a moderate supplemental level of ~3% of DM may not affect the growth and metabolic performance of young calves under non-challenged conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hadi Hosseini
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38111, Iran; (S.H.H.)
| | - Hamidreza Mirzaei-Alamouti
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38111, Iran; (S.H.H.)
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Morteza Mansouryar
- Zist Dam Group, University Incubator Center, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Mina Vazirigohar
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
- Zist Dam Group, University Incubator Center, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Pedram Rezamand
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2330, USA
| | - Ehsan Mahjoubi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38111, Iran; (S.H.H.)
| | - Jafar Ramezankhani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38111, Iran; (S.H.H.)
| | - Jörg R. Aschenbach
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meulman J, Davanço MG, Vianna DRB, da Silva TM, Costa F, Pacheco FBC, de Oliveira ME, Vespasiano CFP. Etoricoxib Coated Tablets: Bioequivalence Assessment between Two Formulations Administered under Fasting Conditions. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2569. [PMID: 38004548 PMCID: PMC10675291 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Etoricoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with high selectivity for cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), exerting a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect with fewer adverse events when compared to COX-1 inhibitors. The present study aimed to evaluate the bioequivalence between two etoricoxib-coated tablet formulations to meet regulatory requirements for a branded generic product registration in Brazil. A crossover study with an open-label, randomized design and a single-dose regimen with two treatments and two periods was conducted on healthy Brazilians of both genders. Subjects randomly received a single dose of a 90 mg etoricoxib coated tablet of test product Xumer® 90 mg (Adium S.A.) and the reference product Arcoxia® 90 mg (Merck Sharp & Dohme Farmacêutica Ltda.) under fasting conditions separated by a 14-day period. Blood samples were collected sequentially for up to 96 h following drug administration, and the concentrations of etoricoxib in plasma were determined using a validated UPLC-MS/MS method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were computed utilizing non-compartmental analysis methods. A total of 32 healthy subjects were enrolled, and 25 subjects completed the study. Geometric mean ratios (90% confidence intervals) for Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-inf were 103.98% (95.63-113.06), 96.82% (91.82-102.09), and 95.79% (90.70-101.16), respectively. In accordance with regulatory standards, the test formulation (Xumer® 90 mg) has been deemed bioequivalent to the reference product (Arcoxia® 90 mg). As a result, these formulations can be considered interchangeable in clinical practice, with both proving to be safe and well-tolerated. The need for in vivo testing for the Xumer® 60 mg strength was waived due to the proportional similarity of the formulations and the similar in vitro dissolution profiles observed across the various strengths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Meulman
- Clinical Research Unit, Medical Department, Adium S.A., São Paulo 04794-000, SP, Brazil; (M.G.D.); (D.R.B.V.); (T.M.d.S.); (C.F.P.V.)
| | - Marcelo Gomes Davanço
- Clinical Research Unit, Medical Department, Adium S.A., São Paulo 04794-000, SP, Brazil; (M.G.D.); (D.R.B.V.); (T.M.d.S.); (C.F.P.V.)
| | - Débora Renz Barreto Vianna
- Clinical Research Unit, Medical Department, Adium S.A., São Paulo 04794-000, SP, Brazil; (M.G.D.); (D.R.B.V.); (T.M.d.S.); (C.F.P.V.)
| | - Thalita Martins da Silva
- Clinical Research Unit, Medical Department, Adium S.A., São Paulo 04794-000, SP, Brazil; (M.G.D.); (D.R.B.V.); (T.M.d.S.); (C.F.P.V.)
| | - Fernando Costa
- Clinical Studies Management, Research and Development Department, Monte Verde S.A., Munro, Buenos Aires B1605EBQ, Argentina;
| | - Fernando Bastos Canton Pacheco
- Bioequivalence Unit, Centro Avançado de Estudos e Pesquisas Ltd., Campinas 13087-567, SP, Brazil; (F.B.C.P.); (M.E.d.O.)
| | - Milla Emke de Oliveira
- Bioequivalence Unit, Centro Avançado de Estudos e Pesquisas Ltd., Campinas 13087-567, SP, Brazil; (F.B.C.P.); (M.E.d.O.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Useini L, Mojić M, Laube M, Lönnecke P, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Pietzsch J, Hey-Hawkins E. Carborane Analogues of Fenoprofen Exhibit Improved Antitumor Activity. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200583. [PMID: 36583943 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fenoprofen is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) against rheumatoid arthritis, degenerative joint disease, ankylosing spondylitis and gout. Like other NSAIDs, fenoprofen inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins by blocking both cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms, COX-1 the "house-keeping" enzyme and COX-2 the induced isoform from pathological stimuli. Unselective inhibition of both COX isoforms results in many side effects, but off-target effects have also been reported. The steric modifications of the drugs could afford the desired COX-2 selectivity. Furthermore, NSAIDs have shown promising cytotoxic properties. The structural modification of fenoprofen using bulky dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12) (carborane) clusters and the biological evaluation of the carborane analogues for COX inhibition and antitumor potential showed that the carborane analogues exhibit stronger antitumor potential compared to their respective aryl-based compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liridona Useini
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marija Mojić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Markus Laube
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khojasteh SC, Argikar UA, Cho S, Crouch R, Heck CJS, Johnson KM, Kalgutkar AS, King L, Maw HH, Seneviratne HK, Wang S, Wei C, Zhang D, Jackson KD. Biotransformation Novel Advances - 2021 year in review. Drug Metab Rev 2022; 54:207-245. [PMID: 35815654 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2022.2097253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Biotransformation field is constantly evolving with new molecular structures and discoveries of metabolic pathways that impact efficacy and safety. Recent review by Kramlinger et al (2022) nicely captures the future (and the past) of highly impactful science of biotransformation (see the first article). Based on the selected articles, this review was categorized into three sections: (1) new modalities biotransformation, (2) drug discovery biotransformation, and (3) drug development biotransformation (Table 1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Cyrus Khojasteh
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, MS412a, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Upendra A Argikar
- Non-clinical Development, Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sungjoon Cho
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, MS412a, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Rachel Crouch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Carley J S Heck
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kevin M Johnson
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, MS412a, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Amit S Kalgutkar
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lloyd King
- Quantitative Drug Discovery, UCB Biopharma UK, 216 Bath Road, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK
| | - Hlaing Holly Maw
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, 06877, USA
| | - Herana Kamal Seneviratne
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, MS412a, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Cong Wei
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Donglu Zhang
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, MS412a, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Klarissa D Jackson
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gómez-Segura L, Boix-Montañes A, Mallandrich M, Parra-Coca A, Soriano-Ruiz JL, Calpena AC, Gimeno Á, Bellido D, Colom H. Swine as the Animal Model for Testing New Formulations of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Carprofen Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of the Intramuscular Route. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1045. [PMID: 35631631 PMCID: PMC9143053 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Carprofen (CP) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) frequently used to treat respiratory diseases in numerous small animals, but also in large species. CP is a formidable candidate for further therapeutic research of human inflammatory diseases using the pig as an animal model. However, CP administration in swine is very uncommon and respective pharmacokinetics/bioavailability studies are scarce. A simultaneous population pharmacokinetic analysis after CP intravenous and intramuscular administrations in pigs has shown high extent and rate of absorption and a similar distribution profile with respect to man and other mammals. However, clearance and half-life values found in swine suggest a slower elimination process than that observed in man and some other animal species. Although not reported in other species, liver and kidney concentrations achieved at 48 h post-intramuscular administration in pigs were ten times lower than those found in plasma. Simulations pointed to 4 mg/kg every 24 h as the best dosage regimen to achieve similar therapeutic levels to those observed in other animal species. All these findings support the use of pig as an animal model to study the anti-inflammatory effects of CP in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Gómez-Segura
- Department of Medicine and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Antoni Boix-Montañes
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.-M.); (A.C.C.); (H.C.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Mallandrich
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.-M.); (A.C.C.); (H.C.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexander Parra-Coca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnic, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of Applied and Environmental Sciences, Bogota 111166, Colombia;
| | - José L. Soriano-Ruiz
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Ana Cristina Calpena
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.-M.); (A.C.C.); (H.C.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Gimeno
- Department of Animal Research, Animal House of Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, CCiT-UB, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - David Bellido
- Department of Separative Techniques, Scientific and Technological Centers, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Helena Colom
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.-M.); (A.C.C.); (H.C.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abdelgawad MA, Al-Sanea MM, Musa A, Elmowafy M, El-Damasy AK, Azouz AA, Ghoneim MM, Bakr RB. Docking Study, Synthesis, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Some New Pyridopyrimidine-Derived Compounds. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:451-463. [PMID: 35125880 PMCID: PMC8807947 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s343263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Because of gastrointestinal irritation and kidney toxicity associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the cardiovascular problems of Coxibs use, developing novel anti-inflammatory agents with reduced toxicity and improved selectivity remains a major challenge. Depending on our previous work, a novel series of pyridopyrimidinones IIIa-i has been synthesized via reaction of 6-amino-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrimidin-4-one (I) and phenyldiazenyl aromatic aldehydes (IIa-i). All the new constructed compounds were fully characterized by elemental and spectral analysis. Methods The target compounds IIIa–i were investigated for their potential towards COX inhibition, anti-inflammatory properties using carrageenan induced edema model in rat paw, and the ulcer indices of the most active members. Results The ethyl pyridopyrmidinone-benzoates IIIf, IIIg and IIIh showed superior inhibitory activity of carrageenan induced edema to celecoxib. Furthermore, the pyridopyrimidinones IIId, IIIf, IIIg, and IIIi exerted improved COX-2 inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.67–1.02 µM) comparing to celecoxib (IC50 = 1.11 µM). Moreover, the gastric ulcerogenic potential assay of compounds IIIf–h revealed their lower ulcerogenic liability than indomethacin with comparable effect to celecoxib. Conclusion Virtual docking investigation of the most active candidates IIId, IIIf, IIIg and IIIi in the active site of COX-2 enzyme showed that these compounds implied interaction and binding motif similar to the cocrystallized ligand bromocelecoxib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Mohamed A Abdelgawad, Tel +966595435214, Fax +966-14 2317958, Email ;
| | - Mohammad M Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf K El-Damasy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Amany A Azouz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania B Bakr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni- Suef, 62514, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Joghee S, Kalarikkal SP, Sundaram GM, Durai Ananda Kumar T, Chidambaram SB. Chemical profiling and in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of bioactive fraction(s) from Trichodesma indicum (L.) R.Br. against LPS induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114235. [PMID: 34044081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Trichodesma indicum (L.) R. Br. (family: Boraginaceae) is a medicinal herb largely used to treat arthralgia, rheumatoid arthritis, wound healing, dysentery, etc. It's mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity has not been systematically analyzed yet. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was undertaken to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of successive solvent extracts (n-hexane extract (HE), ethyl acetate extract (EA), ethanol extract (EE), aqueous extract (AE) and fractions of HE) from the aerial parts of Trichodesma indicum (TI) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated inflammatory reaction using mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxic effects of the extracts and fractions of TI were assessed by MTT assay. The effect of extracts and fractions on the production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 macrophages were measured using the Griess reagent method. IL - 6, IL - 1β, TNF-α, iNOS and COX-2 gene expressions were examined by a qRT-PCR method. RESULTS RAW 264.7 macrophages pretreated with HE, EA, EE and AE of TI showed a significant decrease in the production of proinflammatory cytokines and NO without exhibiting cytotoxicity. The potent HE was fractionated using flash chromatography into FA, FB, FC, FD and FE. Among the five fractions, FE displayed a stronger ability to reduce IL - 1β, TNF-α, iNOS, COX2 and NO importantly no cytotoxicity was observed. The phytochemical compounds present in FE were further screened by Gas chromatography - Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). GC-MS analysis revealed that 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid diisooctyl ester is the major compound in FE. Molecular docking analysis showed good inhibition of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid diisooctyl ester against TLR-4, NIK and TACE. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid diisooctyl ester could be a potential candidate in alleviating inflammatory reactions in TI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Joghee
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sreeram P Kalarikkal
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Cheluvamba Mansion, Mysore-570020, Karnataka, India.
| | - Gopinath M Sundaram
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Cheluvamba Mansion, Mysore-570020, Karnataka, India.
| | - T Durai Ananda Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India.
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alagumuthu M, Srivastava V, Shah M, Arumugam S, Sonaimuthu M, Arumugam NA. Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Expression Levels in Macrophages; An Approach to Develop Indazolpyridin-Methanones as a Novel Inflammation Medication. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2021; 19:425-435. [PMID: 31878864 PMCID: PMC7579299 DOI: 10.2174/1871523019666191226104724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Macrophages play a serious part in the instigation, upkeep, and resolution of inflammation. They are activated or deactivated during inflammation progression. Activation signals include cytokines (IF-γ, granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and TNF-α), extracellular matrix proteins, and other chemical mediators. Activated macrophages are deactivated by anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) and cytokine antagonists that are mainly produced by macrophages. Based on this, the present study aimed to develop novel (E)-Benzylidene-indazolpyridin methanones (Cpd-1-10) as effective anti-inflammatory agents by analyzing pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in macrophages. Objectives: To determine the anti-inflammatory effect of indazolpyridin-methanones by examining pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukin levels in J77A.1 macrophages. Methods: Expression of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels measured by ELISA method. Anti-cancer and cytotoxicity studies were carried out by MTT assay. COX-2 seems to be associated with cancers and atypical developments in the duodenal tract. So, a competitive ELISA based COX-2 inhibition assay was done. To validate the inhibitory potentials and to get more insight into the interaction of COX-2 with Cpd1-10, molecular docking was performed. Results: Briefly, the COX-2 inhibitory relative activity was found to be in between the range of 80-92% (Diclofenac showed 84%, IC50 0.95 µM). Conclusion: Cytotoxicity effect of the compounds against breast cancer cell lines found excellent and an extended anticancer study ensured that these compounds are also alternative therapeutic agents against breast cancer. Among all the tested cancer cell lines, the anti-cancer effect on breast cancer was exceptional for the most active compounds Cpd5 and Cpd9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manisha Shah
- School of Bio-Science & Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632014, India
| | - Sivakumar Arumugam
- School of Bio-Science & Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632014, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shaikh SF, Dhavan PP, Singh PR, Vaidya SP, Jadhav BL, Ramana MMV. Synthesis of Novel Quinoline–Benzoxazolinone Ester Hybrids: In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Antibacterial Activity. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
10
|
Masad RJ, Haneefa SM, Mohamed YA, Al-Sbiei A, Bashir G, Fernandez-Cabezudo MJ, al-Ramadi BK. The Immunomodulatory Effects of Honey and Associated Flavonoids in Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:1269. [PMID: 33924384 PMCID: PMC8069364 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey has exerted a high impact in the field of alternative medicine over many centuries. In addition to its wound healing, anti-microbial and antioxidant properties, several lines of evidence have highlighted the efficiency of honey and associated bioactive constituents as anti-tumor agents against a range of cancer types. Mechanistically, honey was shown to inhibit cancer cell growth through its pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects. However, the potential of honey to regulate anti-tumor immune responses is relatively unexplored. A small number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the ability of honey to modulate the immune system by inducing immunostimulatory as well as anti-inflammatory effects. In the present review, we summarize the findings from different studies that aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory properties of honey and its flavonoid components in relation to cancer. While these studies provide promising data, additional research is needed to further elucidate the immunomodulatory properties of honey, and to enable its utilization as an adjuvant therapy in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razan J. Masad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; (R.J.M.); (S.M.H.); (Y.A.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Shoja M. Haneefa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; (R.J.M.); (S.M.H.); (Y.A.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Yassir A. Mohamed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; (R.J.M.); (S.M.H.); (Y.A.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Ashraf Al-Sbiei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; (A.A.-S.); (M.J.F.-C.)
| | - Ghada Bashir
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; (R.J.M.); (S.M.H.); (Y.A.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Maria J. Fernandez-Cabezudo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; (A.A.-S.); (M.J.F.-C.)
| | - Basel K. al-Ramadi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; (R.J.M.); (S.M.H.); (Y.A.M.); (G.B.)
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gliszczyńska A, Nowaczyk M. Lipid Formulations and Bioconjugation Strategies for Indomethacin Therapeutic Advances. Molecules 2021; 26:1576. [PMID: 33809343 PMCID: PMC7998224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Indomethacin (IND) is a drug which after successful clinical trials became available for general prescription in 1965 and from that time is one of the most widely used anti-inflammatory drug with the highest potencies in the in vitro and in vivo models. However, despite its high therapeutic efficacy in relieving the symptoms of certain arthritis and in treating gout or collagen diseases, administration of IND causes a number of adverse effects, such as gastrointestinal ulceration, frequent central nervous system disorders and renal toxicity. These obstacles significantly limit the practical applications of IND and make that 10-20% of patients discontinue its use. Therefore, during the last three decades many attempts have been made to design novel formulations of IND aimed to increase its therapeutic benefits minimizing its adverse effects. In this review we summarize pharmacological information about IND and analyze its new lipid formulations and lipid bioconjugates as well as discuss their efficacy and potential application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gliszczyńska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Orally Administered NSAIDs-General Characteristics and Usage in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis-A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030219. [PMID: 33807930 PMCID: PMC7998670 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a degenerative joint disease. The aim of this review was to present the general characteristics of orally administered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and to present the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA. Methods: PubMed database was analyzed with the keywords: "(temporomandibular joint) AND ((disorders) OR (osteoarthritis) AND (treatment)) AND (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)". After screening of 180 results, 6 studies have been included in this narrative review. Results and Conclusions: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the most commonly used drugs for alleviation of pain localized in the orofacial area. The majority of articles predominantly examined and described diclofenac sodium in the treatment of pain in the course of TMJ OA. Because of the limited number of randomized studies evaluating the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA, as well as high heterogeneity of published researches, it seems impossible to draw up unequivocal recommendations for the usage of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA. However, it is highly recommended to use the lowest effective dose of NSAIDs for the shortest possible time. Moreover, in patients with increased risk of gastrointestinal complications, supplementary gastroprotective agents should be prescribed.
Collapse
|
13
|
Uma priya K, Venkataramaiah C, Sreedhar NY, Raju CN. Design, synthesis, characterization and in vitro, in vivo and in silico antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activities of a new series of sulphonamide and carbamate derivatives of a nebivolol intermediate. RSC Adv 2021; 11:3897-3916. [PMID: 35424332 PMCID: PMC8694313 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08905b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new sulphonamide and carbamate derivatives of Nebivolol drug intermediate (5) were designed and synthesized by reacting various biopotent sulphonylchlorides and chloroformates. The synthesized compounds are structurally characterized by spectral (IR, 1H & 13C NMR and mass) and screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against four bacterial and three fungal strains, in vitro and in vivo antiinflammatory activity against LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7, in vitro COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition potentiality, antagonistic profiles of carrageenan induced paw edema and cotton pellet induced granuloma in rat. Further, the compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activity against DNA gyrase A, COX-1 and COX-2 by using molecular docking approach. The bioactivity and toxicity risks were analysed through Molecular Operating Environment. The results revealed that the compounds 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, 8f, 8g and 9a exhibited the most promising antimicrobial activity against all the bacterial and fungal strains tested when compared with the standard drugs streptomycin and fluconazole. In view of in antiinflammatory activity, the compounds, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, 8f, 8g and 9a have shown potent antiinflammatory activity by inhibiting the LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cell line, concentration dependent inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2, dose response dependent antagonism of carrageenan induced paw edema and granuloma tissue in rat. Molecular docking, ADMET and QSAR studies predicted that the recorded in silico profiles are in strong correlation with in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial and antiinflammatory results. In addition, the elevated toxicology risks of the title compounds are identified with in the potential limits of drug candidates. Hence, it is suggested that the synthesized derivatives will stand as the promising antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drug candidates in future. A series of new sulphonamide and carbamate derivatives of Nebivolol drug intermediate (5) were designed and synthesized by reacting various biopotent sulphonylchlorides and chloroformates.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Uma priya
- Department of Chemistry
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India
| | - Ch. Venkataramaiah
- Department of Zoology
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India
- Department of Zoology
| | - N. Y. Sreedhar
- Department of Chemistry
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India
| | - C. Naga Raju
- Department of Chemistry
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang X, Zhu J, Yang B, Chen B, Wu J, Sha J, Bao E. Transcriptomic investigation reveals toxic damage due to tilmicosin and potential resistance against tilmicosin in primary chicken myocardial cells. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6355-6370. [PMID: 33248551 PMCID: PMC7705006 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tilmicosin is widely used to treat respiratory infections in animals and has been reported to induce cardiac damage and even sudden death. However, its exact mechanisms, especially in chickens, remain unclear. This study confirmed the dose-dependent damaging effect of tilmicosin on primary chicken myocardial cells. Primary chicken myocardial cells treated with tilmicosin (0.5 μg/mL) for 0 h, 12 h, and 48 h were subjected to RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, calcium signaling pathway, peroxisomes, phagosomes, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly and differentially affected after 12 h or 48 h of tilmicosin treatment. Further evidence demonstrated consistently increased proinflammatory factors, peroxidation, and ferroptosis, and intracellular ion imbalance was caused by tilmicosin for 12 h, but this imbalance had recovered at 48 h. Meanwhile, intracellular resistance to tilmicosin-induced toxicity involved the active regulation of cyclooxygenase-1 and ATPase H+/K+-transporting beta subunit at 48 h, sustained activation of MAPK12, and downregulation of dual specificity phosphatase 10 at 12 h. In summary, this study suggests that tilmicosin exerts its cardiotoxicity in primary chicken myocardial cells through multiple mechanisms and finds several intracellular molecular targets to resist the toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of basic veterinary medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of basic veterinary medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of basic veterinary medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bixia Chen
- Department of basic veterinary medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- Department of basic veterinary medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junzhou Sha
- Department of basic veterinary medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Endong Bao
- Department of basic veterinary medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Son ES, Park JW, Kim SH, Park HR, Han W, Kwon OC, Nam JY, Jeong SH, Lee CS. Anti‑inflammatory activity of 3,5,6,7,3',4'‑hexamethoxyflavone via repression of the NF‑κB and MAPK signaling pathways in LPS‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1985-1993. [PMID: 32705181 PMCID: PMC7411374 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus peel has been used as a Traditional medicine in Asia to treat coughs, asthma and bronchial disorders. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory effects of 3,5,6,7,3′,4′-hexamethoxyflavone (quercetogetin, QUE) isolated from Citrus unshiu peel were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The results showed that QUE repressed the production of prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide by suppressing LPS-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. It also suppressed the production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α cytokines, and decreased the nuclear translocation of NF-κB by interrupting the phosphorylation of NF-κB inhibitor α in macrophage cells. Based on the finding that QUE inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK protein expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, it was confirmed that inhibition of inflammatory responses by QUE was mediated via the ERK pathway. Therefore, this study suggests that QUE has strong anti-inflammatory effects, making it a promising compound for use as a therapeutic agent in treating inflammatory lung diseases, such as emphysema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Suk Son
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woong Park
- Department of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hee Kim
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ran Park
- Company Affiliated Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13511, Republic of Korea
| | - Woorijarang Han
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - O Chul Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Nam
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Jeong
- Department of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Soo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gómez-Segura L, Parra A, Calpena-Campmany AC, Gimeno Á, Gómez de Aranda I, Boix-Montañes A. Ex Vivo Permeation of Carprofen Vehiculated by PLGA Nanoparticles through Porcine Mucous Membranes and Ophthalmic Tissues. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020355. [PMID: 32085577 PMCID: PMC7075292 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Carprofen (CP), 2-(6-chlorocarbazole) propionic acid, is used as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic agent and it belongs to the family of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). CP has some adverse reactions in systemic administration; for this reason, topical administration with CP nanoparticles (CP-NPs) can be an optimal alternative. The main objective of this work is the investigation of ex vivo permeation of CP through different types of porcine mucous membranes (buccal, sublingual and vaginal) and ophthalmic tissues (cornea, sclera and conjunctiva) to compare the influence of CP-NPs formulation over a CP solution (CP-Solution). (2) Methods: The ex vivo permeation profiles were evaluated using Franz diffusion cells. Furthermore, in vivo studies were performed to verify that the formulations did not affect the cell structure and to establish the amount retained (Qr) in the tissues. (3) Results: Permeation of CP-NPs is more effective in terms of drug retention in almost all tissues (with the exception of sclera and sublingual). In vivo studies show that neither of the two formulations affects tissue structure, so both formulations are safe. (4) Conclusions: It was concluded that CP-NPs may be a useful tool for the topical treatment of local inflammation in veterinary and human medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Gómez-Segura
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (A.C.C.-C.)
- Department of Medicine and Animal Health, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellatera, Spain
| | - Alexander Parra
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnic, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Applied and Environmental Sciences, Bogota RX22+57, Colombia;
| | - Ana Cristina Calpena-Campmany
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (A.C.C.-C.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Gimeno
- Department of Animal Research, Animal House of Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, CCiT-UB, 08907 Hospital del Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Immaculada Gómez de Aranda
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, 08907 Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Antonio Boix-Montañes
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (A.C.C.-C.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934-024-560
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Famitafreshi H, Karimian M. Prostaglandins as the Agents That Modulate the Course of Brain Disorders. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis 2020; 10:1-13. [PMID: 32021549 PMCID: PMC6970614 DOI: 10.2147/dnnd.s240800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurologic and neuropsychiatric diseases are associated with great morbidity and mortality. Prostaglandins (PGs) are formed by sequential oxygenation of arachidonic acid in physiologic and pathologic conditions. For the production of PGs cyclooxygenase is a necessary enzyme that has two isoforms, that are named COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 produces type 1 prostaglandins and on the other hand, COX-2 produces type 2 prostaglandins. Recent studies suggest PGs abnormalities are present in a variety of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. In a disease state, type 2 prostaglandins are mostly responsible and type 1 PGs are not so important in the disease state. In this review, the importance of prostaglandins especially type 2 in brain diseases has been discussed and their possible role in the initiation and outcome of brain diseases has been assessed. Overall the studies suggest prostaglandins are the agents that modulate the course of brain diseases in a positive or negative manner. Here in this review article, the various aspects of PGs in the disease state have discussed. It appears more studies must be done to understand the exact role of these agents in the pathophysiology of brain diseases. However, the suppression of prostaglandin production may confer the alleviation of some brain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Morteza Karimian
- Physiology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wyatt GL, Crump LS, Young CM, Wessells VM, McQueen CM, Wall SW, Gustafson TL, Fan YY, Chapkin RS, Porter WW, Lyons TR. Cross-talk between SIM2s and NFκB regulates cyclooxygenase 2 expression in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:131. [PMID: 31783895 PMCID: PMC6884910 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death for women in the USA. Thus, there is an increasing need to investigate novel prognostic markers and therapeutic methods. Inflammation raises challenges in treating and preventing the spread of breast cancer. Specifically, the nuclear factor kappa b (NFκB) pathway contributes to cancer progression by stimulating proliferation and preventing apoptosis. One target gene of this pathway is PTGS2, which encodes for cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and is upregulated in 40% of human breast carcinomas. COX-2 is an enzyme involved in the production of prostaglandins, which mediate inflammation. Here, we investigate the effect of Singleminded-2s (SIM2s), a transcriptional tumor suppressor that is implicated in inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis, in regulating NFκB signaling and COX-2. Methods For in vitro experiments, reporter luciferase assays were utilized in MCF7 cells to investigate promoter activity of NFκB and SIM2. Real-time PCR, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed in SUM159 and MCF7 cells. For in vivo experiments, MCF10DCIS.COM cells stably expressing SIM2s-FLAG or shPTGS2 were injected into SCID mice and subsequent tumors harvested for immunostaining and analysis. Results Our results reveal that SIM2 attenuates the activation of NFκB as measured using NFκB-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, immunostaining of lysates from breast cancer cells overexpressing SIM2s showed reduction in various NFκB signaling proteins, as well as pAkt, whereas knockdown of SIM2 revealed increases in NFκB signaling proteins and pAkt. Additionally, we show that NFκB signaling can act in a reciprocal manner to decrease expression of SIM2s. Likewise, suppressing NFκB translocation in DCIS.COM cells increased SIM2s expression. We also found that NFκB/p65 represses SIM2 in a dose-dependent manner, and when NFκB is suppressed, the effect on the SIM2 is negated. Additionally, our ChIP analysis confirms that NFκB/p65 binds directly to SIM2 promoter site and that the NFκB sites in the SIM2 promoter are required for NFκB-mediated suppression of SIM2s. Finally, overexpression of SIM2s decreases PTGS2 in vitro, and COX-2 staining in vivo while decreasing PTGS2 and/or COX-2 activity results in re-expression of SIM2. Conclusion Our findings identify a novel role for SIM2s in NFκB signaling and COX-2 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garhett L Wyatt
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lyndsey S Crump
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chloe M Young
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Veronica M Wessells
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cole M McQueen
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Steven W Wall
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Tanya L Gustafson
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Yang-Yi Fan
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Weston W Porter
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Traci R Lyons
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA. .,The University of Colorado Cancer Center Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, Aurora, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rajagopal S, Fitzgerald AA, Deep SN, Paul S, Poddar R. Role of GluN2A NMDA receptor in homocysteine-induced prostaglandin E2 release from neurons. J Neurochem 2019; 150:44-55. [PMID: 31125437 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia or systemic elevation of homocysteine is a metabolic condition that has been linked to multiple neurological disorders where inflammation plays an important role in the progression of the disease. However, it is unclear whether hyperhomocysteinemia contributes to disease pathology by inducing an inflammatory response. The current study investigates whether exposure of primary cultures from rat and mice cortical neurons to high levels of homocysteine induces the expression and release of the proinflammatory prostanoid, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Using enzymatic assays and immunoblot analysis we show concurrent increase in the activity of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), two enzymes involved in PGE2 biosynthesis. The findings also show an increase in PGE2 release from neurons. Pharmacological inhibition of GluN2A-containing NMDAR (GluN2A-NMDAR) with NVP-AAM077 significantly reduces homocysteine-induced cPLA2 activity, COX2 expression, and subsequent PGE2 release. Whereas, inhibition of GluN2B-containing NMDAR (GluN2A-NMDAR) with Ro 25-6981 has no effect. Complementary studies in neuron cultures obtained from wild type and GluN2A knockout mice show that genetic deletion of GluN2A subunit of NMDAR attenuates homocysteine-induced neuronal increase in cPLA2 activity, COX2 expression, and PGE2 release. Pharmacological studies further establish the role of both extracellular-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase and p38 MAPK in homocysteine-GluN2A NMDAR-dependent activation of cPLA2-COX2-PGE2 pathway. Collectively, these findings reveal a novel role of GluN2A-NMDAR in facilitating homocysteine-induced proinflammatory response in neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sathyanarayanan Rajagopal
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Ashley Anne Fitzgerald
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Satya Narayan Deep
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Surojit Paul
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Ranjana Poddar
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Park SB, Park GH, Um Y, Kim HN, Song HM, Kim N, Kim HS, Jeong JB. Wood-cultivated ginseng exerts anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:327-334. [PMID: 29751039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng) has been reported to exert an anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of inflammatory condition. However, inflammation-regulatory activity of wood-cultivated ginseng has not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of wood-cultivated ginseng (WCG) and elucidated the potential mechanisms in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. WCG-O dose-dependently suppressed NO and PGE2 production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, WCG-O attenuated LPS-mediated overexpression of iNOS and COX-2. In addition, WCG-O blocked the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. WCG-O inhibited the activation of IκK-α/β, the phosphorylation of IκB-α, and degradation of IκB-α, which results in the inhibition of p65 nuclear accumulation and NF-κB activation. In addition, WCG-O suppressed the activation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK, which results in the inhibition of ATF2 nuclear accumulation. These results indicate that WCG-O may exert anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling. From these findings, WCG-O has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemopreventive or therapeutic agents for the inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Bin Park
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Yurry Um
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Na Kim
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Min Song
- Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea; Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ingawale DK, Patel SS. Hecogenin exhibits anti-arthritic activity in rats through suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2017; 40:59-71. [PMID: 29192804 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2017.1405439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hecogenin is a steroidal sapogenin isolated from the leaves of Agave genus species that plays an important role in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of hecogenin in Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. The hecogenin (40 µl of 50 µg/kg, orally) and hecogenin + fluticasone (40 µl of 25 µg/kg, each, orally) was tested against Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats by evaluating various parameters such as paw volume, arthritic score, joint diameter, spleen weight, thymus weight, haematological and biochemical parameters and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Histopathological and radiological analyzes of ankle joints were also carried out. Treatment of rats with hecogenin and its combination elicited significant reduction in paw edema, arthritic score and joint diameter. Hecogenin and its combination also inhibited joint destruction in histopathological and radiological analyzes of ankle joint. Hecogenin and its combination significantly increased the levels of red blood cells and hemoglobin but decreased the white blood cell count. The anti-arthritic activity was also confirmed with the change in biochemical parameters and myeloperoxidase assay. In the present investigation, hecogenin and its combination prevent destruction of cartilage and protect synovial membrane with improving health status through haematonic properties and down regulation of various cytokines. Hence, hecogenin may be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa K Ingawale
- a Institute of Pharmacy , Nirma University , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India.,b Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Snehal S Patel
- a Institute of Pharmacy , Nirma University , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abdul Fattah T, Saeed A, Channar PA, Ashraf Z, Abbas Q, Hassan M, Larik FA. Synthesis, enzyme inhibitory kinetics, and computational studies of novel 1-(2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propanoyl)-3-arylthioureas as Jack bean urease inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 91:434-447. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | | | - Zaman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry; Allama Iqbal Open University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Qamar Abbas
- Department of Biology; College of Natural Sciences; Kongju National University; Gongju Korea
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Department of Biology; College of Natural Sciences; Kongju National University; Gongju Korea
| | - Fayaz Ali Larik
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ochieng CO, Opiyo SA, Mureka EW, Ishola IO. Cyclooxygenase inhibitory compounds from Gymnosporia heterophylla aerial parts. Fitoterapia 2017; 119:168-174. [PMID: 28476411 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Gymnosporia heterophylla (Celastraceae) is an African medicinal plants used to treat painful and inflammatory diseases with partial scientific validation. Solvent extractions followed by repeated chromatographic purification of the G. heterophylla aerial parts led to the isolation of one new β-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene alkaloid (1), and two triterpenes (2-3). In addition, eight known compounds including one β-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene alkaloid (4), and six triterpenes (5-10) were isolated. All structures were determined through extensive analysis of the NMR an MS data as well as by comparison with literature data. These compounds were evaluated for the anti-inflammatory activities against COX-1 and -2 inhibitory potentials. Most of the compound isolated showed non selective COX inhibitions except for 3-Acetoxy-1β-hydroxyLupe-20(29)-ene (5), Lup-20(29)-ene-1β,3β-diol (6) which showed COX-2 selective inhibition at 0.54 (1.85), and 0.45 (2.22) IC50, in mM (Selective Index), respectively. The results confirmed the presence of anti-inflammatory compounds in G. heterophylla which are important indicators for development of complementary medicine for inflammatory reactions; however, few could be useful as selective COX-2 inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles O Ochieng
- Department of Chemistry, Maseno University, Private Bag, 40105, Maseno, Kenya.
| | - Sylvia A Opiyo
- Department of Chemistry, Maseno University, Private Bag, 40105, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Edward W Mureka
- Department of Chemistry, Maseno University, Private Bag, 40105, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Ismail O Ishola
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003 Lagos, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ahmadian-Moghaddam M, Bekhradnia A, Tatar M. A facile method for regioselective synthesis of new N-acetyl/thioacetyl- (E)-stilbene benzenesulfonamide derivatives via N-acetyl/thioacetyl sulfonamide formation. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2016.1269231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ahmadian-Moghaddam
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Bekhradnia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Monire Tatar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of Kerabala: a value-added ayurvedic formulation from virgin coconut oil inhibits pathogenesis in adjuvant-induced arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 25:41-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
26
|
Woo SM, Lee WK, Min KJ, Kim DE, Park SH, Nam SI, Kwon TK. Rottlerin induces cyclooxygenase-2 upregulation through an ATF4 and reactive oxygen species-independent pathway in HEI-OC1 cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:845-50. [PMID: 27222046 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss can be caused by infection, inflammation, loud noise and ototoxic drugs. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX‑2) expression is an important event during the cellular inflammatory response. The present study investigated the effect of rottlerin on CO-2 mRNA and protein expression in HEI-OC1 cells. Cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. Western blotting was used to examine the expression of COX‑2, endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated transcription factors and activation of the MAPK pathway. ROS was measured using the fluorescent probe 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Treatment with the natural protein kinase C δ inhibitor, rottlerin, was shown to increase COX‑2 expression at the protein and mRNA levels in a dose‑dependent manner. Rottlerin was shown to induce increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, however, ROS were not critical for rottlerin‑induced upregulation of COX‑2 expression in HEI‑OC1 cells. In addition, rottlerin was shown to increase the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The pharmacological inhibition of p38MAPK and suppression of activating transcription factor 4 (an ER stress‑associated transcription factor) expression by small interfering RNA inhibited rottlerin-induced COX‑2 upregulation. Furthermore, COX‑2 expression levels were increased further when cells were treated with rottlerin and interleukin‑1β or protein kinase C activator, PMA. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that rottlerin is a novel inducer of COX‑2 expression and identified the mechanisms involved in this process. Rottlerin may be considered a potential activator of repair and remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Min Woo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Keun Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Eun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyung Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Il Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Puttaswamy N, Pavan Kumar G, Al-Ghorbani M, Vigneshwaran V, Prabhakar B, Khanum SA. Synthesis and biological evaluation of salicylic acid conjugated isoxazoline analogues on immune cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 114:153-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
28
|
Nakano Y, Lupton DW. Enantioselective N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis by the Umpolung of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nakano
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia
| | - David W. Lupton
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nakano Y, Lupton DW. Enantioselective N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis by the Umpolung of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3135-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nakano
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia
| | - David W. Lupton
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cooke RF, Peres RFG, Cipriano RS, Guarnieri Filho TA, Marques RS, Rodrigues MC, Carvalho RS, Bohnert DW, Vasconcelos JLM. Impacts of meloxicam administration before temporary calf weaning on physiological and reproductive responses of beef cows. J Anim Sci 2016; 94:406-11. [PMID: 26812346 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate temperament, physiological, and reproductive variables in beef cows assigned to an estrus synchronization + timed AI protocol including eCG administration, 48-h temporary calf weaning (TCW), or TCW + meloxicam administration. A total of 943 lactating, multiparous, nonpregnant Nelore cows, allocated into 8 groups of approximately 120 cows each, were assigned to the experiment. Groups were maintained in individual pastures and assigned to the following estrus synchronization + timed AI protocol: a 2-mg injection of estradiol benzoate and an intravaginal progesterone-releasing device (CIDR) on d 0, a 12.5-mg injection of PGF on d 7, CIDR removal in addition to a 0.6-mg injection of estradiol cypionate on d 9, and timed AI on d 11. Within each group, cows were randomly assigned on d 9 to 1) TCW from d 9 to 11 (TCW-CON; = 317), 2) no TCW and a 300-IU injection of eCG on d 9 (NOTCW; = 311), and 3) TCW-CON in addition to meloxicam administration (intramuscular; 0.5 mg/kg BW) on d 9 (TCW-MEL; = 315). Cow BW and BCS were assessed on d 0. On d 9 and 11, blood samples were collected, and cow temperament was evaluated via chute score and exit velocity. Pregnancy status was verified 30 d after timed AI via transrectal ultrasonography. No treatment differences were detected ( ≥ 0.23) for cow age, days postpartum, BW, and BCS on d 0 of the estrus synchronization + timed AI protocol. No treatment effects were detected ( ≥ 0.41) for any of the temperament variables evaluated. A treatment × day interaction was detected ( = 0.02) for serum cortisol concentrations, which were similar ( = 0.55) between treatments on d 9 but greater ( ≤ 0.05) in TCW-CON and TCW-MEL compared with NOTCW cows on d 11. No treatment effects were detected ( = 0.90) for serum haptoglobin concentrations, which decreased from d 9 to 11 in all treatments (day effect; < 0.01). No treatment differences were detected ( = 0.84) for pregnancy rates to timed AI. In summary, TCW during estrus synchronization did not impact temperament or serum haptoglobin concentrations in beef cows but increased serum cortisol concentrations compared with cows not assigned to TCW, although such an outcome was not sufficient to impact pregnancy rates to timed AI. Moreover, administration of meloxicam did not alleviate the TCW-induced increase in serum cortisol concentrations and failed to benefit pregnancy rates to timed AI in beef cows.
Collapse
|
31
|
Foyet HS, Tsala DE, Zogo Essono Bodo JC, Carine AN, Heroyne LT, Oben EK. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of a methanol extract from Vitellaria paradoxa stem bark. Pharmacognosy Res 2015; 7:367-77. [PMID: 26692752 PMCID: PMC4660517 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.159569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitellaria paradoxa is a traditional medicinal plant of Cameroon. Several studies on this plant have focused on the cosmetic profile of its fruits. The present study focuses on the anti-inflammatory potency of stem barks extract of this plant. OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the effect of methanolic extract of V. paradoxa (VPME) stem barks on inflammatory response in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory effects of VPME were evaluated in acute and chronic (28 days) inflammation induced in Wistar albino rats. The effects on hyperalgesia and locomotors activity were also quantified. The relative weight of lymphoid organs was obtained as well as some hematological parameters. RESULTS In the carrageenan-induced inflammation, VPME (75 mg/kg) exhibited a significant (66.67%) inhibition after 1 h. On the complete Freund's adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis, VPME showed a significant protective effect with 8.12% inflammation against 25.00% for the control group after 2 days of the treatment. The extract (75 and 150 mg/kg) significantly reduced the score of arthritis with a maximum obtained on day 19(th) of the experimentation. There was a significant increase in the reaction time of rats on the hot plate as well as the exploratory activities of the animals in the open field. This extract significantly prevented weight, hemoglobin and red blood cells losses, and spleen hypertrophy. A protective action against skin destruction and cartilage erosion was evident. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the extract revealed the presence of catechins. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that V. paradoxa may contribute to the reduction of the inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harquin Simplice Foyet
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maroua, P.O Box 814, Cameroon
| | - David Emery Tsala
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maroua, P.O Box 814, Cameroon
| | - J C Zogo Essono Bodo
- Department of Earth and Life Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Azanfack Name Carine
- Department of Earth and Life Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Lissia Toussoumna Heroyne
- Department of Earth and Life Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Eyong Kenneth Oben
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Parra A, Mallandrich M, Clares B, Egea MA, Espina M, García ML, Calpena AC. Design and elaboration of freeze-dried PLGA nanoparticles for the transcorneal permeation of carprofen: Ocular anti-inflammatory applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:935-43. [PMID: 26551871 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed the design and development of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) for the ocular delivery of Carprofen (CP) by a central rotatable composite design 2(3)+ star. NPs showed adequate size for ocular administration (189.50 ± 1.67 nm), low polydispersity (0.01 ± 0.01), negative charge surface (-22.80 ± 0.66 mV) and optimal entrapment efficiency (74.70 ± 0.95%). Physicochemical analysis confirmed that CP was dispersed inside the NPs. The drug release followed a first order kinetic model providing greater sustained CP release after lyophilization. Ex vivo permeation analysis through isolated rabbit cornea revealed that a sufficient amount of CP was retained in the tissue avoiding excessive permeation and thus, potential systemic levels. Ex vivo ocular tolerance results showed no signs of ocular irritancy, which was also confirmed by in vivo Draize test. In vivo ocular anti-inflammatory efficacy test confirmed an optimal efficacy of NPs and its potential application in eye surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Parra
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII Av., 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII Av., 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Mallandrich
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII Av., 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Clares
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Granada, Campus de la Cartuja St., 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - María A Egea
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII Av., 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Espina
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII Av., 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María L García
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII Av., 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana C Calpena
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII Av., 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Coumarins from Angelica decursiva inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced nitrite oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 39:115-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
34
|
Peake JM, Markworth JF, Nosaka K, Raastad T, Wadley GD, Coffey VG. Modulating exercise-induced hormesis: Does less equal more? J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:172-89. [PMID: 25977451 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01055.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormesis encompasses the notion that low levels of stress stimulate or upregulate existing cellular and molecular pathways that improve the capacity of cells and organisms to withstand greater stress. This notion underlies much of what we know about how exercise conditions the body and induces long-term adaptations. During exercise, the body is exposed to various forms of stress, including thermal, metabolic, hypoxic, oxidative, and mechanical stress. These stressors activate biochemical messengers, which in turn activate various signaling pathways that regulate gene expression and adaptive responses. Historically, antioxidant supplements, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and cryotherapy have been favored to attenuate or counteract exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. However, reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators are key signaling molecules in muscle, and such strategies may mitigate adaptations to exercise. Conversely, withholding dietary carbohydrate and restricting muscle blood flow during exercise may augment adaptations to exercise. In this review article, we combine, integrate, and apply knowledge about the fundamental mechanisms of exercise adaptation. We also critically evaluate the rationale for using interventions that target these mechanisms under the overarching concept of hormesis. There is currently insufficient evidence to establish whether these treatments exert dose-dependent effects on muscle adaptation. However, there appears to be some dissociation between the biochemical/molecular effects and functional/performance outcomes of some of these treatments. Although several of these treatments influence common kinases, transcription factors, and proteins, it remains to be determined if these interventions complement or negate each other, and whether such effects are strong enough to influence adaptations to exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Peake
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Centre of Excellence for Applied Sports Science Research, Queensland Academy of Sport, Brisbane, Australia;
| | | | - Kazunori Nosaka
- School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | | | - Glenn D Wadley
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Center for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vernon G Coffey
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; and Bond Institute of Health and Sport and Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Dey T, Ghosh S, Mareddy J, Anireddy J, Pal S, Mukherjee AK. Structural study of three nimesulidetriazole derivatives using X-ray powder diffraction: effect of substitution on supramolecular assembly. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01650e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
36
|
Hsu CL, Fang SC, Huang HW, Yen GC. Anti-inflammatory effects of triterpenes and steroid compounds isolated from the stem bark of Hiptage benghalensis. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
37
|
Yukawa T, Shimizu K, Maeda A, Yasuda K, Saisho S, Okita R, Nakata M. Cyclooxygenase-2 genetic variants influence intratumoral infiltration of Foxp3-positive regulatory T cells in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:74-80. [PMID: 25338928 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune microenvironment of primary tumors has been reported to be a prognostic factor. We previously reported that the tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cell (Treg) count was positively correlated with the intratumoral cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression level and was associated with a poor survival among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recently, numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the COX-2 gene have been identified, and these SNPs may contribute to differential gene expression and enzyme activity levels. However, whether COX-2 genetic variants influence the functions of COX-2 in NSCLC remains unclear. Eighty NSCLC patients who underwent a complete resection at our institute were enrolled. We extracted DNA from the peripheral blood and identified five different COX-2 SNPs. The correlations between the COX-2 SNPs and the expression levels of COX-2, Tregs and Ki-67 were studied. The prognostic significance of the COX-2 SNPs was also evaluated. COX-2 SNPs were not correlated with the expression of COX-2. However, for the COX-2 -1195G/A polymorphism, the AA genotype group had a significantly higher Treg score. Furthermore, the AA group had a significantly higher Treg score regardless of the COX-2 expression level. The COX-2 -1195AA genotype group tended to have a shorter disease-free survival period than the GA/GG group. In conclusion, the COX-2 -1195G/A polymorphism influences the infiltration of Tregs into NSCLC, and the COX-2 SNP factor may be a prognostic factor reflecting Treg infiltration in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Yukawa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Shimizu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Ai Maeda
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yasuda
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Saisho
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Riki Okita
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Masao Nakata
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Huang SH, Lee CH, Wang HM, Chang YW, Lin CY, Chen CY, Chen YH. 6-Dehydrogingerdione restrains lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9171-9179. [PMID: 25162585 DOI: 10.1021/jf501665v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
6-Dehydrogingerdione (6-DG), one important component of ginger, has been reported to possess some medical effects, such as antitumor and antiatherosclerosis. Herein, the anti-inflammatory effects of 6-DG against lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced pro-inflammation mediators in RAW 264.7 cells were investigated. Results show that 6-DG significantly attenuated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, NOS2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the LPS-mediated murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells). 6-DG inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of both p38 and nuclear factor of κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-α (IκBα), which further prevented p-p65 nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB-p65) translocation to the nucleus. Moreover, 6-DG increased the ratio of phosphorylated signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (p-STAT1)/p-STAT3 and down-regulated the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Han Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lin B, Zhao Y, Han P, Yue W, Ma XQ, Rahman K, Zheng CJ, Qin LP, Han T. Anti-arthritic activity of Xanthium strumarium L. extract on complete Freund׳s adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:248-255. [PMID: 24862493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xanthium strumarium L. fruit (Xanthiu fruit) has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb in China for the treatment of many ailments including rheumatoid arthritis. However, the anti-arthritic activity of Xanthium strumarium fruit has still not been demonstrated. In the present study, we confirmed that the extract of Xanthium strumarium (EXS) prevents rheumatoid arthritis induced by Complete Freund׳s Adjuvant (CFA) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (160±10 g) were immunized by intradermal injection of 0.1 mL of CFA into the left hind metatarsal footpad. EXS was administered orally at a dose of 300 and 75 mg/kg once a day after the induction of adjuvant arthritis. Methotrexate (3 mg/kg, twice a week) was used as a positive control. Paw swelling, arthritic score, body weight loss, spleen index, thymus index, serum cytokines, inflammatory mediators and histological change were measured. The chemical profile of EXS was analyzed by HPLC-DAD. RESULTS We found that the EXS significantly suppressed paw swelling and arthritic score, increased body weight loss and decreased the thymus index. The overproduction of TNF-α and IL-1β were remarkably suppressed in the serum of all EXS-treated rats, and in contrast IL-10 was markedly increased. The level of COX-2 and 5-LOX was also decreased with EXS treatment. Ten phenolic acid derivatives were identified from 14 detected peaks by HPLC-DAD with the reference substances and verified by LC-MS. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the potential effect of EXS as an anti-arthritis agent towards CFA-induced arthritis in rats. Xanthium strumarium has the potential to be regarded as a candidate for use in general therapeutics and as an immune-modulatory medicine in rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan Military Region, PLA, Ji׳nan 250014, PR China
| | - Ping Han
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan Military Region, PLA, Ji׳nan 250014, PR China
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Xue-Qin Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical analysis, School of Pharmacy, NingXia Medical University, 1160 Shenli Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- Faculty of Science, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Cheng-Jian Zheng
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chavan HV, Adsul LK, Kotmale AS, Dhakane VD, Thakare VN, Bandgar BP. Design, synthesis, characterization andin vitroandin vivoanti-inflammatory evaluation of novel pyrazole-based chalcones. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2014; 30:22-31. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2013.873037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
41
|
Vysakh A, Ratheesh M, Rajmohanan TP, Pramod C, Premlal S, Girish kumar B, Sibi PI. Polyphenolics isolated from virgin coconut oil inhibits adjuvant induced arthritis in rats through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 20:124-30. [PMID: 24613207 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the protective efficacy of the polyphenolic fraction from virgin coconut oil (PV) against adjuvant induced arthritic rats. Arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of complete Freund's adjuvant. The activities of inflammatory, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation were estimated. PV showed high percentage of edema inhibition at a dose of 80mg/kg on 21st day of adjuvant arthritis and is non toxic. The expression of inflammatory genes such as COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α and IL-6 and the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance were decreased by treatment with PV. Antioxidant enzymes were increased and on treatment with PV. The increased level of total WBC count and C-reactive protein in the arthritic animals was reduced in PV treated rats. Synovial cytology showed that inflammatory cells and reactive mesothelial cells were suppressed by PV. Histopathology of paw tissue showed less edema formation and cellular infiltration on supplementation with PV. Thus the results demonstrated the potential beneficiary effect of PV on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats and the mechanism behind this action is due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Vysakh
- Department of Applied Microbiology, St. Thomas College, Pala, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - M Ratheesh
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Pala, Kottayam, Kerala, India.
| | - T P Rajmohanan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - C Pramod
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmacy, MG University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - S Premlal
- Drug Standardization Unit, Govt. Ayurveda College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - B Girish kumar
- Department of Zoology, MSM College, Kayamkulam, Kerala, India
| | - P I Sibi
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmacy, MG University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Honey as a potential natural anticancer agent: a review of its mechanisms. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:829070. [PMID: 24363771 PMCID: PMC3865795 DOI: 10.1155/2013/829070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The main treatment for cancer is by using chemotherapy and radiotherapy which themselves are toxic to other viable cells of the body. Recently, there are many studies focusing on the use of natural products for cancer prevention and treatment. Of these natural products, honey has been extensively researched. The mechanism of the anti-cancer activity of honey as chemopreventive and therapeutic agent has not been completely understood. The possible mechanisms are due to its apoptotic, antiproliferative, antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF), antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, estrogenic and immunomodulatory activities. We collate the findings of several studies published in the literature in order to understand the mechanism of its action.
Collapse
|
43
|
Ismail MMF, Khalifa NM, Fahmy HH, Nossier ES, Abdulla MM. Design, Docking, and Synthesis of Some New Pyrazoline and Pyranopyrazole Derivatives as Anti-inflammatory Agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magda M. F. Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls); Al-Azhar University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Nagy M. Khalifa
- Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Theraputical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division; National Research Centre; Giza Egypt
| | - Hoda H. Fahmy
- Department of Theraputical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division; National Research Centre; Giza Egypt
| | - Eman S. Nossier
- Department of Theraputical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division; National Research Centre; Giza Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
A new sulfonic acid derivative, (Z)-4-methylundeca-1,9-diene-6-sulfonic acid, isolated from the cold water sea urchin inhibits inflammatory responses through JNK/p38 MAPK and NF-κB inactivation in RAW 264.7. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:983-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
45
|
Repenning PE, Ahola JK, Callan RJ, French JT, Giles RL, Bigler BJ, Coetzee JF, Wulf LW, Peel RK, Whittier JC, Fox JT, Engle TE. Impact of oral meloxicam administration before and after band castration on feedlot performance and behavioral response in weanling beef bulls. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:4965-74. [PMID: 23893986 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-6070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments evaluated the effects of band castration and oral administration of an analgesic in association with castration on performance and behavioral and physiological responses in yearling beef bulls. In Exp. 1 Angus and Charolais-crossbred bull calves (n = 127; 309.8 ± 59.04 kg BW) and in Exp. 2 Hereford, Angus, and Hereford × Angus crossbred bulls (n = 30; 300.8 ± 4.96 kg BW) were stratified by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) band castration (BAND), 2) band castration with oral administration of meloxicam (BAND-MEL), and 3) sham castration (SHAM). The BAND and SHAM procedures were completed on d 0. The SHAM treatment consisted of all animal manipulations associated with band castration without band application. Meloxicam was administered on d -1, 0, and 1 (1.0, 0.5, and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively) via an oral bolus. Body weight and a subjective chute score (CS) were collected on d -1, 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21 (d 28 Exp. 1 only). In Exp. 2, jugular blood samples were collected immediately before castration and 24 h postcastration for substance P (SP) analysis. In Exp. 2, video documentation on d 0 was used to determine range of vertical head motion (DIST) on a subset of animals during treatment administration. In both experiments, ADG was similar (P ≥ 0.50) between BAND and BAND-MEL, but ADG in SHAM cattle was greater (P < 0.001) and tended (P = 0.07) to be greater than castrates in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. In Exp. 1, CS did not differ (P ≥ 0.26) between BAND and BAND-MEL on any day, but castrates exhibited less desirable CS on d 1 and 28 than SHAM cattle. In Exp. 2, CS was not affected (P ≥ 0.41) by castration or the presence of meloxicam. In Exp. 2, DIST did not differ (P = 0.57) between BAND and BAND-MEL, but when pooled, castrates exhibited greater (P = 0.04) DIST than SHAM. In Exp. 2, plasma SP concentrations were similar between BAND and BAND-MEL (P = 0.81) and between castrates vs. sham cattle (P = 0.67). Results indicate no impact of meloxicam administration on performance or behavioral and physiological responses to band castration. However, there was a negative impact of castration on ADG and DIST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P E Repenning
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lin B, Zhang H, Zhao XX, Rahman K, Wang Y, Ma XQ, Zheng CJ, Zhang QY, Han T, Qin LP. Inhibitory effects of the root extract of Litsea cubeba (lour.) pers. on adjuvant arthritis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 147:327-34. [PMID: 23538163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The dried root of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. (Family Lauraceae) has long been used as a folk remedy in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Dai Ethnopharmacy for the treatment of rheumatic diseases in southwestern China. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the preventive efficacy of Litsea cubeba root in treating rheumatoid arthritis using Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis (AA) in rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Arthritis was induced in male Wistar rats by immunization with CFA. Ethanol extract (EELC) and water extract (WELC) of Litsea cubeba root both at 50mg/kg and 200mg/kg were orally administered from a day after the induction of arthritis. Paw swelling, arthritic score, body weight growth rate, index of thymus and spleen were observed, and the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of inflammatory enzymes like cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, histological changes in the ankle joint were analyzed in AA rats. RESULTS Both EELC and WELC significantly suppressed paw swelling and arthritic score, increased the loss in body weight and decreased the index of thymus. Histopathological improvement in joint architecture was also observed in EELC, WELC-treated AA rats. The expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) were decreased on treatment with EELC and WELC. Furthermore, the overproduction of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were remarkably attenuated in serum of all Litsea cubeba-treated rats, however, IL-10 was markedly increased at doses of 50mg/kg of EELC and WELC. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that extract of Litsea cubeba root significantly attenuates adjuvant arthritis in rats by decreasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and increasing of IL-10 in serum as well as down-regulate the levels of inflammatory enzymes such as COX-2 and 5-LOX. This suggests that Litsea cubeba root might be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of human arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Rajamani T, Muthu S, Karabacak M. Electronic absorption, vibrational spectra, nonlinear optical properties, NBO analysis and thermodynamic properties of N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl) methanesulfonamide molecule by ab initio HF and density functional methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 108:186-96. [PMID: 23474478 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the vibrational spectral analysis was carried out by using FT-Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy in the range 4000-100 cm(-1) and 4000-400 cm(-1), respectively, for N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl) methanesulfonamide molecule. Theoretical calculations were performed by ab initio RHF and density functional theory (DFT) method using 6-31G(d,p) and 6-311G(d,p) basis sets. The complete vibrational assignments of wavenumbers were made on the basis of potential energy distribution (PED). The results of the calculations were applied to simulated spectra of the title compound, which show excellent agreement with observed spectra. The frontier orbital energy gap and dipole moment illustrates the high reactivity of the title molecule. The first order hyperpolarizability (β0) and related properties (μ, α and Δα) of the molecule were also calculated. Stability of the molecule arising from hyperconjugative interactions and charge delocalization were analyzed using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. The results show that electron density (ED) in the σ(*) and π(*) anti-bonding orbitals and second order delocalization energies (E2) confirm the occurrence of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) within the molecule. UV-vis spectrum of the compound was recorded in the region 200-500 nm in ethanol and electronic properties such as excitation energies, oscillator strength and wavelength were calculated by TD-DFT/B3LYP, CIS and TD-HF methods using 6-31G(d,p) basis set. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and HOMO-LUMO energy levels are also constructed. The thermodynamic properties of the title compound were calculated at different temperatures and the results reveals the heat capacity (C), and entropy (S) increases with rise in temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Rajamani
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee DS, Li B, Im NK, Kim YC, Jeong GS. 4,2',5'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone from Dalbergia odorifera exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inducing heme oxygenase-1 in murine macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 16:114-21. [PMID: 23566812 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen (Leguminosae) has traditionally been used as an ingredient in East Asian medicines to treat various diseases. In the present study, 4,2',5'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone (TMC), a biologically active chalcone isolated from the heartwood of D. odorifera, inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, leading to a reduction in COX-2-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and iNOS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages. Furthermore, TMC suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production, and the phosphorylation and degradation of IκB-α as well as the LPS-stimulated nuclear translocation of p65 in macrophages. The present study also demonstrated that TMC induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression through the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in macrophages. The effects of TMC on LPS-induced NO, PGE2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β production were partially reversed by the HO inhibitor tin protoporphyrin (SnPP). These results suggest that TMC inhibits pro-inflammatory mediators by inducing the expression of anti-inflammatory HO-1 via the Nrf2 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sung Lee
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tartaggia S, Caporale A, Fontana F, Stabile P, Castellin A, De Lucchi O. A convenient synthesis of the key intermediate of selective COX-2 inhibitor Etoricoxib. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42619j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
50
|
Renju GL, Muraleedhara Kurup G, Saritha Kumari CH. Anti-inflammatory activity of lycopene isolated from Chlorella marina on type II collagen induced arthritis in Sprague Dawley rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2012; 35:282-91. [PMID: 23237458 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2012.742534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of commercially available lycopene (all-trans) from tomato in controlling arthritis has been reported. Even though many reports are available that the cis form of lycopene is more biologically active, no report seems to be available on lycopene (cis and trans) isolated from an easily available and culturable sources. In the present study, the anti-arthritic effect of lycopene (cis and trans) from the algae Chlorella marina (AL) has been compared with lycopene (all-trans) from tomato (TL) and indomethacin (Indo). Arthritis (CIA) was developed in male Sprague dawley rats by collagen and the following parameters were studied. The activities of inflammatory marker enzymes like cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were found to be decreased on treatment with AL when compared to TL and Indo. Changes in Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell (WBC) count, red blood cells (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), and ceruloplasmin levels observed in the blood of arthritic animals were brought back to normal by AL when compared to TL and Indo. Histopathology of paw and joint tissues showed marked reduction in edema on supplementation of AL. Thus these results indicate the potential beneficiary effect of algal lycopene on collagen induced arthritis in rats when compared to TL and even to the commonly used anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin. Therefore lycopene from C. marina would be recommended as a better natural source with increased activity and without side effects in the treatment of anti-inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G L Renju
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|