1
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Radkowski K, Fürstner A. A Sphingolipid Fatty Acid Constituent Made by Alkyne trans‐Hydrogenation: Total Synthesis of Symbioramide. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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2
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Mähler B, Janssen K, Tahoun M, Tomaschek F, Schellhorn R, Müller CE, Bierbaum G, Rust J. Adipocere formation in biofilms as a first step in soft tissue preservation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10122. [PMID: 35710834 PMCID: PMC9203803 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of soft tissue in the fossil record is mostly due to the replacement of organic structures by minerals (e.g. calcite, aragonite or apatite) called pseudomorphs. In rare cases soft tissues were preserved by pyrite. We assume that adipocere, as the shaping component, might be a preliminary stage in the pyritisation of soft tissues under anaerobic conditions. Using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet and mass spectrometric detection (HPLC–UV/MS) and confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) we were able to demonstrate the transformation of the hepatopancreas (digestive gland) of the crayfish Cambarellus diminutus [Hobbs 1945] into adipocere within only 9 days, just inside a biofilm. Microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) which were responsible for the biofilm (Sphaerotilus [Kutzig 1833] and Pluteus [Fries 1857]) and maybe the adipocere formation (Clostridium [Prazmowski 1880]) were detected by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Furthermore, micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) analyses revealed a precipitation of calcite and further showed that in animals with biofilm formation calcite precipitates in finer grained crystals than in individuals without biofilm formation, and that the precipitates were denser and replicated the structures of the cuticles better than the coarse precipitates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Mähler
- Section Palaeontology, Institute of Geosciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Janssen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Medical Faculty, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mariam Tahoun
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Tomaschek
- Section Geochemistry/Petrology, Institute of Geosciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rico Schellhorn
- Section Palaeontology, Institute of Geosciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele Bierbaum
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Medical Faculty, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jes Rust
- Section Palaeontology, Institute of Geosciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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3
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Xu C, Ning C, Yang S, Wei Y, Shi M. Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Cycloisomerization of 1,3‐Diketones with Keto‐Vinylidenecyclopropanes: Synthesis of Enantiomerically Enriched Cyclic
β
‐Amino Alcohols. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ning
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Song Yang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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4
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Samaha D, Hamdo HH, Cong X, Schumacher F, Banhart S, Aglar Ö, Möller HM, Heuer D, Kleuser B, Saied EM, Arenz C. Liposomal FRET Assay Identifies Potent Drug-Like Inhibitors of the Ceramide Transport Protein (CERT). Chemistry 2020; 26:16616-16621. [PMID: 33047409 PMCID: PMC7756341 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide transfer protein (CERT) mediates non-vesicular transfer of ceramide from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus and thus catalyzes the rate-limiting step of sphingomyelin biosynthesis. Usually, CERT ligands are evaluated in tedious binding assays or non-homogenous transfer assays using radiolabeled ceramides. Herein, a facile and sensitive assay for CERT, based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), is presented. To this end, we mixed donor and acceptor vesicles, each containing a different fluorescent ceramide species. By CERT-mediated transfer of fluorescent ceramide, a FRET system was established, which allows readout in 96-well plate format, despite the high hydrophobicity of the components. Screening of a 2 000 compound library resulted in two new potent CERT inhibitors. One is approved for use in humans and one is approved for use in animals. Evaluation of cellular activity by quantitative mass spectrometry and confocal microscopy showed inhibition of ceramide trafficking and sphingomyelin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Samaha
- Insitute for ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Strasse 212489BerlinGermany
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryCollege of PharmacyHelwan UniversityCairo11795Egypt
| | - Housam H. Hamdo
- Insitute for ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Strasse 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Xiaojing Cong
- CNRSInstitut de Chimie de NiceUniversité Côte d'Azur06108NiceFrance
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional ScienceUniversity of PotsdamArthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–11614558NuthetalGermany
- Department of Molecular BiologyUniversity of Duisburg-EssenHufelandstrasse 5545147EssenGermany
| | - Sebastian Banhart
- Unit ‘Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Infections'Department of Infectious DiseasesRobert Koch Institute13353BerlinGermany
| | - Öznur Aglar
- Universität PotsdamInstitut für ChemieKarl- Liebknecht- Strasse 24–25, Haus 2514476GolmGermany
| | - Heiko M. Möller
- Universität PotsdamInstitut für ChemieKarl- Liebknecht- Strasse 24–25, Haus 2514476GolmGermany
| | - Dagmar Heuer
- Unit ‘Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Infections'Department of Infectious DiseasesRobert Koch Institute13353BerlinGermany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional ScienceUniversity of PotsdamArthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–11614558NuthetalGermany
| | - Essa M. Saied
- Insitute for ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Strasse 212489BerlinGermany
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia41522Egypt
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Insitute for ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Strasse 212489BerlinGermany
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5
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Kappe C, Mohamed ZH, Naser E, Carpinteiro A, Arenz C. A Novel Visible Range FRET Probe for Monitoring Acid Sphingomyelinase Activity in Living Cells. Chemistry 2020; 26:5780-5783. [PMID: 32092185 PMCID: PMC7317515 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Activity of acid sphingomyelinase has been implicated in a number of diseases like acute lung injury, sepsis or metastasis of melanoma cells. Here, we present a sphingomyelinase FRET probe based on FAM/BODIPY dyes for real‐time monitoring of acid sphingomyelinase. The probe gives rise to a tremendous increase in fluorescence of the fluorescein FRET donor upon cleavage and we show that this is, to a significant part, due to cleavage‐associated phase transition, suggesting a more systematic consideration of such effects for future probe development. The probe allows for the first time to monitor relative sphingomyelinase activities of intact living cells by flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kappe
- Institut for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zainelabdeen H Mohamed
- Institut for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Eyad Naser
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Carpinteiro
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institut for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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6
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Mo X, Letort A, Roşca DA, Higashida K, Fürstner A. Site-Selectivetrans-Hydrostannation of 1,3- and 1,n-Diynes: Application to the Total Synthesis of Typhonosides E and F, and a Fluorinated Cerebroside Analogue. Chemistry 2018; 24:9667-9674. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Mo
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Aurélien Letort
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | | | - Kosuke Higashida
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
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7
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Marjanovic Trajkovic J, Milanovic V, Ferjancic Z, Saicic RN. On the Asymmetric Induction in Proline-Catalyzed Aldol Reactions: Reagent-Controlled Addition Reactions of 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-one to Acyclic Chiral α-Branched Aldehydes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vesna Milanovic
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Belgrade; Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
| | - Zorana Ferjancic
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Belgrade; Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
| | - Radomir N. Saicic
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Belgrade; Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts; Knez Mihailova 35 11000 Belgrade Serbia
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8
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Pinkert T, Furkert D, Korte T, Herrmann A, Arenz C. Amplification of a FRET Probe by Lipid-Water Partition for the Detection of Acid Sphingomyelinase in Live Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2790-2794. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pinkert
- Institute of Chemistry; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - David Furkert
- Institute of Chemistry; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Thomas Korte
- Institute for Biology and IRI Lifesciences; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Invalidenstrasse 42 10115 Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Institute for Biology and IRI Lifesciences; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Invalidenstrasse 42 10115 Berlin Germany
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institute of Chemistry; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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9
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Pinkert T, Furkert D, Korte T, Herrmann A, Arenz C. Eine durch Lipid-Wasser-Trennung verstärkte FRET-Sonde zur Detektion der Sauren Sphingomyelinase in lebenden Zellen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pinkert
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - David Furkert
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Thomas Korte
- Institut für Biologie und IRI für Lebenswissenschaften; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Invalidenstraße 42 10115 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Institut für Biologie und IRI für Lebenswissenschaften; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Invalidenstraße 42 10115 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
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10
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Xu T, Hu X. Copper-Catalyzed 1,2-Addition of α-Carbonyl Iodides to Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1307-11. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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12
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Saied EM, Diederich S, Arenz C. Facile synthesis of the CERT inhibitor HPA-12 and some novel derivatives. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:2092-4. [PMID: 24888419 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
HPA-12 is an inhibitor of CERT-mediated non-vesicular transport of ceramide from the ER membranes to the Golgi apparatus. The inhibitor effectively blocks the synthesis of the membrane lipid sphingomyelin and may represent a novel drug prototype. Previous syntheses relied on non-commercial catalysts or specialized chemistries. Here we present a straightforward and effective method to synthesize HPA-12 from commercially available protected L-serinol in four steps. Some new analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their CERT-binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa M Saied
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin (Germany), Fax: (+49) 30-2093 6947; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia (Egypt)
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13
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Joosten A, Decroocq C, de Sousa J, Schneider JP, Etamé E, Bodlenner A, Butters TD, Compain P. A Systematic Investigation of Iminosugar Click Clusters as Pharmacological Chaperones for the Treatment of Gaucher Disease. Chembiochem 2013; 15:309-19. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Sawant RC, Hung JT, Chuang HL, Lin HS, Chen WS, Yu AL, Luo SY. Synthesis of Hydroxylated Analogues of α-Galactosyl Ceramide (KRN7000) with Varying Stereochemistry. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Bhabak KP, Hauser A, Redmer S, Banhart S, Heuer D, Arenz C. Development of a Novel FRET Probe for the Real-Time Determination of Ceramidase Activity. Chembiochem 2013; 14:1049-52. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Sarabia F, Vivar-García C, García-Castro M, García-Ruiz C, Martín-Gálvez F, Sánchez-Ruiz A, Chammaa S. A Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Glycidic Amides Based on a New Class of Chiral Sulfonium Salts: Applications in Asymmetric Synthesis. Chemistry 2012; 18:15190-201. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Glawar AFG, Best D, Ayers BJ, Miyauchi S, Nakagawa S, Aguilar-Moncayo M, García Fernández JM, Ortiz Mellet C, Crabtree EV, Butters TD, Wilson FX, Kato A, Fleet GWJ. Scalable syntheses of both enantiomers of DNJNAc and DGJNAc from glucuronolactone: the effect of N-alkylation on hexosaminidase inhibition. Chemistry 2012; 18:9341-59. [PMID: 22736508 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The efficient scalable syntheses of 2-acetamido-1,2-dideoxy-D-galacto-nojirimycin (DGJNAc) and 2-acetamido-1,2-dideoxy-D-gluco-nojirimycin (DNJNAc) from D-glucuronolactone, as well as of their enantiomers from L-glucuronolactone, are reported. The evaluation of both enantiomers of DNJNAc and DGJNAc, along with their N-alkyl derivatives, as glycosidase inhibitors showed that DGJNAc and its N-alkyl derivatives were all inhibitors of α-GalNAcase but that none of the epimeric DNJNAc derivatives inhibited this enzyme. In contrast, both DGJNAc and DNJNAc, as well as their alkyl derivatives, were potent inhibitors of β-GlcNAcases and β-GalNAcases. Neither of the L-enantiomers showed any significant inhibition of any of the enzymes tested. Correlation of the in vitro inhibition with the cellular data, by using a free oligosaccharide analysis of the lysosomal enzyme inhibition, revealed the following structure-property relationship: hydrophobic side-chains preferentially promoted the intracellular access of iminosugars to those inhibitors with more-hydrophilic side-chain characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas F G Glawar
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
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18
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Vu CS, Guisot N, Guillarme S, Martel A, Dujardin G, Pipelier M, Dubreuil D, Saluzzo C. A Convergent Hetero-Diels-Alder Strategy for Asymmetric Access to a Lactone Containing Two Lipidic Chains. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Decroocq C, Rodríguez-Lucena D, Ikeda K, Asano N, Compain P. Cyclodextrin-Based Iminosugar Click Clusters: The First Examples of Multivalent Pharmacological Chaperones for the Treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorders. Chembiochem 2012; 13:661-4. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Oulaïdi F, Front-Deschamps S, Gallienne E, Lesellier E, Ikeda K, Asano N, Compain P, Martin OR. Second-generation iminoxylitol-based pharmacological chaperones for the treatment of Gaucher disease. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:353-61. [PMID: 21275057 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of O-alkyl iminoxylitol derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) inhibitors. This structure-activity study shows a dramatic influence of the position of the alkyl chain (α-C1, O2, O3, or O4) on human GCase inhibition. Remarkably, 1,2-shift of the alkyl chain from C1 to O2 was found to maintain high inhibitory potency toward GCase as well as chaperone activity at sub-inhibitory concentration (10 nM). Removal of the stereogenic center at the pseudo-anomeric position led to shorter and more practical synthetic sequences. 2-O-Alkyl iminoxylitol derivatives constitute a new promising class of leads for the treatment of Gaucher disease by means of pharmacological chaperone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Oulaïdi
- ICOA, UMR 6005, Université d'Orléans et CNRS rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans, France
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21
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Combined reversed phase HPLC, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy for a fast separation and efficient identification of phosphatidylcholines. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2011. [PMID: 20871812 PMCID: PMC2943112 DOI: 10.1155/2011/385786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In respect of the manifold involvement of lipids in biochemical processes, the analysis of intact and underivatised lipids of body fluids as well as cell and tissue extracts is still a challenging task, if detailed molecular information is required. Therefore, the advantage of combined use of high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy will be shown analyzing three different types of extracts of the ubiquitous membrane component phosphatidylcholine. At first, different reversed phase modifications were tested on phosphatidylcholines (PC) with the same effective carbon number (ECN) for their applicability in lipid analysis. The results were taken to improve the separation of three natural PC extract types and a new reversed phase (RP)-HPLC method was developed. The individual species were characterized by one- and two-dimensional NMR and positive or negative ion mode quadrupole time of flight (q-TOF)-MS as well as MS/MS techniques. Furthermore, ion suppression effects during electrospray ionisation (ESI), difficulties, limits, and advantages of the individual analytical techniques are addressed.
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22
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Wennekes T, van den Berg RJBHN, Boot RG, van der Marel GA, Overkleeft HS, Aerts JMFG. Glycosphingolipids--nature, function, and pharmacological modulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 48:8848-69. [PMID: 19862781 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200902620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the glycosphingolipids is generally attributed to Johan L. W. Thudichum, who in 1884 published on the chemical composition of the brain. In his studies he isolated several compounds from ethanolic brain extracts which he coined cerebrosides. He subjected one of these, phrenosin (now known as galactosylceramide), to acid hydrolysis, and this produced three distinct components. One he identified as a fatty acid and another proved to be an isomer of D-glucose, which is now known as D-galactose. The third component, with an "alkaloidal nature", presented "many enigmas" to Thudichum, and therefore he named it sphingosine, after the mythological riddle of the Sphinx. Today, sphingolipids and their glycosidated derivatives are the subjects of intense study aimed at elucidating their role in the structural integrity of the cell membrane, their participation in recognition and signaling events, and in particular their involvement in pathological processes that are at the basis of human disease (for example, sphingolipidoses and diabetes type 2). This Review details some of the recent findings on the biosynthesis, function, and degradation of glycosphingolipids in man, with a focus on the glycosphingolipid glucosylceramide. Special attention is paid to the clinical relevance of compounds directed at interfering with the factors responsible for glycosphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Wennekes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, The Netherlands
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23
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Wennekes T, van den Berg R, Boot R, van der Marel G, Overkleeft H, Aerts J. Glycosphingolipide - Natur, Funktion und pharmakologische Modulierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200902620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Roth A, Drescher D, Yang Y, Redmer S, Uhlig S, Arenz C. Potente und selektive Inhibition der sauren Sphingomyelinase durch Bisphosphonate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Roth A, Drescher D, Yang Y, Redmer S, Uhlig S, Arenz C. Potent and Selective Inhibition of Acid Sphingomyelinase by Bisphosphonates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:7560-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Roth AG, Redmer S, Arenz C. Potent Inhibition of Acid Sphingomyelinase by Phosphoinositide Analogues. Chembiochem 2009; 10:2367-74. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Enders D, Narine AA. Lessons from nature: biomimetic organocatalytic carbon-carbon bond formations. J Org Chem 2008; 73:7857-70. [PMID: 18778100 DOI: 10.1021/jo801374j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nature utilizes simple C2 and C3 building blocks, such as dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), and the "active aldehyde" in various enzyme-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond formations to efficiently build up complex organic molecules. In this Perspective, we describe the transition from using enantiopure chemical synthetic equivalents of these building blocks, employing our SAMP/RAMP hydrazone methodology and metalated chiral alpha-amino nitriles, to the asymmetric organocatalytic versions developed in our laboratory. Following this biomimetic strategy, the DHAP equivalent 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-5-one (dioxanone) has been used in the proline-catalyzed synthesis of carbohydrates, aminosugars, carbasugars, polyoxamic acid, and various sphingosines. Proline-catalyzed aldol reactions involving a PEP-like equivalent have also allowed for the asymmetric synthesis of ulosonic acid precursors. By mimicking the "active aldehyde" nucleophilic acylations in Nature catalyzed by the thiamine-dependent enzyme, transketolase, enantioselective N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed benzoin and Stetter reactions have been developed. Finally, based on Nature's use of domino reactions to convert simple building blocks into complex and highly functionalized molecules, we report on our development of biomimetic asymmetric multicomponent domino reactions which couple enamine and iminium catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Enders
- Institut für Organische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Delgado A, Casas J, Llebaria A, Abad JL, Fabriás G. Chemical tools to investigate sphingolipid metabolism and functions. ChemMedChem 2008; 2:580-606. [PMID: 17252619 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids comprise an important group of biomolecules, some of which have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of many cell functions. From a structural standpoint, they all share a long 2-amino-1,3-diol chain, which can be either saturated (sphinganine), hydroxylated at C4 (phytosphingosine), or unsaturated at C4 (sphingosine) as in most mammalian cells. N-acylation of sphingosine leads to ceramide, a key intermediate in sphingolipid metabolism that can be enzymatically modified at the C1-OH position to other biologically important sphingolipids, such as sphingomyelin or glycosphingolipids. In addition, both ceramide and sphingosine can be phosphorylated at C1-OH to give ceramide-1-phosphate and sphingosine-1-phosphate, respectively. To better understand the biological and biophysical roles of sphingolipids, many efforts have been made to design synthetic analogues as chemical tools able to unravel their structure-activity relationships, and to alter their cellular levels. This last approach has been thoroughly studied by the development of specific inhibitors of some key enzymes that play an important role in biosynthesis or metabolism of these intriguing lipids. With the above premises in mind, the aim of this review is to collect, in a systematic way, the recent efforts described in the literature leading to the development of new chemical entities specifically designed to achieve the above goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Delgado
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules, Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona (C.S.I.C); Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Nikolova GS, Haufe G. Stereoselective synthesis of (2S,3S,4Z)-4-fluoro-1,3-dihydroxy-2-(octadecanoylamino)octadec-4-ene, [(Z)-4-fluoroceramide], and its phase behavior at the air/water interface. Beilstein J Org Chem 2008; 4:12. [PMID: 18941484 PMCID: PMC2486483 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.4.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 04/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingolipids belong to the most important constituents of the membranes of eukaryotic cells. As intermediates in sphingolipid metabolism, sphingosine and its N-octadecanoyl-derivative, ceramide, exhibit a variety of biological functions. These compounds play a crucial role in many essential biological processes such as cell growth, cell differentiation, cell recognition and apoptosis. More specifically, sphingolipids are crucial e.g. for the function of the skin because they contribute to the formation of the water permeability barrier consisting of a highly organized multilaminar lipid matrix of free fatty acids, cholesterol and ceramides containing additional hydroxyl groups in the sphingosin part and longer fatty acid amide functions. RESULTS In a short synthetic route (2S,3S)-4-fluorosphingosine and 4-fluoroceramide, the fluorinated analogues of the natural products, D-erythro-sphingosine and ceramide, have been prepared. The key step of the synthetic sequence is an asymmetric aldol reaction of (Z)-2-fluorohexadec-2-enal, prepared in three steps from tetradecanal, with an enantiopure N-protected iminoglycinate. Deprotection of the imino function and reduction of the ester group led to the 4-fluorosphingosine, which on acetylation with stearoyl chloride gave 4-fluoroceramide. After careful HPLC purification of the latter compound its phase behavior was investigated by Langmuir film balance technique and compared to that of natural ceramide. While the isotherms are quite similar in shape, they differ significantly in the starting point of increasing film pressure (56 or 67 A(2)/molecule) and in the film collapse pressure (38 or 56 mN/m) for ceramide and 4-fluoroceramide, respectively. Moreover, the hysteresis curves are very different. While consecutive isothermic compression - expansion cycles are reversible for the 4-fluoro derivative, substantial substance loss into the subphase or irreversible formation of multi-layers was observed for natural ceramide. CONCLUSIONS Asymmetric aldol reaction proved to be successful for the preparation of enantiopure 4-fluoroceramide. Surface/pressure isotherms and hysteresis curves of ceramide and its 4-fluoro derivative showed that the presence of fluorine leads to stronger intermolecular interactions between the hydrophobic chains of neighboring molecules, and therefore to increasing stability of the monolayer of 4-fluoroceramide at the air water interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergana S Nikolova
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Günter Haufe
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Willmann J, Mahlstedt K, Leibfritz D, Spraul M, Thiele H. Characterization of Sphingomyelins in Lipid Extracts Using a HPLC-MS-Offline-NMR Method. Anal Chem 2007; 79:4188-91. [PMID: 17469795 DOI: 10.1021/ac062326h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelins were characterized using a combination of a novel isocratic reversed-phase HPLC method with electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection and optional online MS/MS. The constitution of the sphingomyelins is determined by MS/MS experiments. Baseline separation of 17 compounds of a bovine brain extract (2 main compounds and 15 minor or trace compounds) was achieved with a mobile phase consisting of methanol, 2-propanol, THF, and water on a RP-18-phenyl column. In parallel, the HPLC fraction were sampled to a 600-MHz NMR spectrometer to acquire 1D and 2D NMR spectra and to elucidate the molecular structure of individual sphingomyelin components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Willmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse NW 2C, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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31
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Oldendorf J, Haufe G. Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of Diastereomeric 4-Fluoro-4,5-Dihydroceramides. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Guo J, Asong J, Boons GJ. Selective Inhibition of Glycosidases by Feedback Prodrugs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Guo J, Asong J, Boons GJ. Selective Inhibition of Glycosidases by Feedback Prodrugs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:5345-8. [PMID: 16847860 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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34
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Ramón DJ, Yus M. Asymmetric multicomponent reactions (AMCRs): the new frontier. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:1602-34. [PMID: 15719349 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200460548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1405] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric multicomponent reactions involve the preparation of chiral compounds by the reaction of three or more reagents added simultaneously. This kind of addition and reaction has some advantages over classic divergent reaction strategies, such as lower costs, time, and energy, as well as environmentally friendlier aspects. All these advantages, together with the high level of stereoselectivity attained in some of these reactions, will force chemists in industry as in academia to adopt this new strategy of synthesis, or at least to consider it as a viable option. The positive aspects as well as the drawbacks of this strategy are discussed in this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego J Ramón
- Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080-Alicante, Spain
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Wascholowski V, Giannis A, Pitsinos EN. Influence of the Scyphostatin Side Chain on the Mode of Inhibition of Neutral Sphingomyelinase. ChemMedChem 2006; 1:718-21. [PMID: 16902925 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veit Wascholowski
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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36
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Lohse A, Martins R, Jørgensen MR, Hindsgaul O. Solid-Phase Oligosaccharide Tagging (SPOT): Validation on Glycolipid-Derived Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lohse A, Martins R, Jørgensen MR, Hindsgaul O. Solid-Phase Oligosaccharide Tagging (SPOT): Validation on Glycolipid-Derived Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:4167-72. [PMID: 16710875 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Lohse
- Carlsberg Laboratory, 2500 Valby, Copenhagen, Denmark
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38
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Bioorganische Chemie: K. Sandhoff, H. Kessler, F. Diederich und K. C. Nicolaou ausgezeichnet. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bioorganic Chemistry: K. Sandhoff, H. Kessler, F. Diederich, and K. C. Nicolaou awarded. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Wascholowski V, Giannis A. Sphingolactones: Selective and Irreversible Inhibitors of Neutral Sphingomyelinase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:827-30. [PMID: 16365835 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200501983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veit Wascholowski
- University of Leipzig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Wascholowski V, Giannis A. Sphingolactone: selektive und irreversibel wirkende Inhibitoren der neutralen Sphingomyelinase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200501983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Tarnowski A, Retz O, Bär T, Schmidt RR. Synthesis of Sphingosine-1-phosphonate and Homosphingosine-1-phosphonate. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Ramón DJ, Yus M. Neue Entwicklungen in der asymmetrischen Mehrkomponenten-Reaktion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200460548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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44
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Pitsinos EN, Wascholowski V, Karaliota S, Rigou C, Couladouros EA, Giannis A. Synthesis and Evaluation of Three Novel Scyphostatin Analogues as Neutral Sphingomyelinase Inhibitors. Chembiochem 2003; 4:1223-5. [PMID: 14613115 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200300667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel N Pitsinos
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, NCSR Demokritos Institute of Physical Chemistry, P. O. Box 60228, 153 10 Ag. Paraskevi, Greece.
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kolter
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Gerhard-Domagk Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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46
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Abstract
Over the last decade evidence has accumulated that sphingolipids are important and specific signalling molecules for cell-to-cell communication (mediator function) as well as for intracellular signalling processes (second messenger function). In addition, glycosylated sphingolipids are essential building blocks of rafts thereby participating in the initiation of receptor mediated signalling events. In immunology, processes such as T cell apoptosis, Th1 versus Th2 T cell differentiation, phagocytosis, and allergic excitability are either influenced or directly regulated by this class of lipids. Models such as the 'dual function concept' (differentiation of structural components versus signalling molecules) and the 'rheostat concept' (the balance of two or more sphingolipids is essential for the biological function) describe the multiple properties of these signalling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Baumruker
- Novartis Research Institute, Brunner Str. 59, A-1235 Vienna, Austria.
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47
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Arenz C, Gartner M, Wascholowski V, Giannis A. Synthesis and biochemical investigation of scyphostatin analogues as inhibitors of neutral sphingomyelinase. Bioorg Med Chem 2001; 9:2901-4. [PMID: 11597471 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(01)00165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The sphingolipid ceramide is considered to be an important intracellular mediator. However, many aspects of its action and the role of several different ceramide generating sphingomyelinases are still unclear. Recently, we reported on the synthesis of the first selective irreversible inhibitor of the neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase), as well as the identification of Manumycin A and some of its analogues as irreversible inhibitors of N-SMase. For the development of pharmacologically interesting competitive inhibitors of N-SMase, structure-activity studies are essential. Herein we show the synthesis and enzymatic investigation of two scyphostatin analogues 3a and 3b, revealing the importance of the primary hydroxy group in compound 2 for N-SMase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Arenz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Karlsruhe, Richard-Willstätter Allee 2, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany
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48
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Triola G, Fabriàs G, Llebaria A. Synthesis of a Cyclopropene Analogue of Ceramide, a Potent Inhibitor of Dihydroceramide Desaturase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010518)40:10<1960::aid-anie1960>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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49
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Triola G, Fabriàs G, Llebaria A. Synthesis of a Cyclopropene Analogue of Ceramide, a Potent Inhibitor of Dihydroceramide Desaturase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20010518)113:10<2014::aid-ange2014>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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DEIGNER HANSPETER, CLAUS RALF, BONATERRA GABRIELA, GEHRKE CHRISTOF, BIBAK NILOFAR, BLAESS MARKUS, CANTZ MICHAEL, METZ JÜRGEN, KINSCHERF RALF. Ceramide induces aSMase expression: implications for oxLDL-induced apoptosis. FASEB J 2001. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.15.3.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HANS-PETER DEIGNER
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Clinics of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena, Germany,
| | - RALF CLAUS
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Clinics of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena, Germany,
| | | | - CHRISTOF GEHRKE
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Clinics of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena, Germany,
| | - NILOFAR BIBAK
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Clinics of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena, Germany,
| | - MARKUS BLAESS
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Clinics of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena, Germany,
| | - MICHAEL CANTZ
- Institute of Pathochemistry and Neurochemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - JÜRGEN METZ
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology III, and the
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