1
|
Feng S, Ji J, Li H, Zhang X. H 2S alleviates renal ischemia and reperfusion injury by suppressing ERS-induced autophagy. Transpl Immunol 2024; 83:102006. [PMID: 38342329 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.102006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) can lead to acute kidney injury and result in high disability and mortality rates. Cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE)-produced hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been confirmed to play a protective role in renal IRI. While autophagy is involved in renal IRI, its role in the regulation by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has not been considered. Our study explored the role of CSE/H2S in protecting against renal IRI by regulating ERS-induced autophagy. METHODS C57/BL6 mice were subjected to 30-min renal ischemia followed by .24-h reperfusion injury (IRI). The H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide hydrate (NaHS) or the CSE inhibitor D,L-propargylglycine (PAG) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p) into the mice. Serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were analyzed to evaluate renal function. Renal tubule epithelial cell damage was measured by HE and PAS staining. ERS and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) autophagy (LC3-I to LC3-II conversion) were analyzed by using western blotting. RESULTS In a C57/BL6 mouse model of acute renal IRI, the application of IRI impaired the renal function, which was accompanied by elevated serum creatinine (P < 0.001) and urea nitrogen levels (P < 0.001). While NaHS pretreatment dramatically attenuated renal IRI, PAG administration exacerbated renal IRI (P < 0.001). Furthermore, NaHS treatment inhibited the ERS-induced increased LC3II/I protein ratio (P < 0.001); increased Beclin-1 protein expression (P < 0.001); PAG pretreatment exacerbated the effects of ERS on both the LC3II/I ratio (P < 0.001) and the Beclin-1 protein expression (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the CSE/H2S system is an important therapeutic target for protecting against renal IRI, and it may protect renal tubule epithelial cells from IRI by suppressing ERS-induced autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Feng
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jiawei Ji
- Department of urology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Han Li
- Institute of Uro-Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Fan L, Li J, Bai Z, Wang Y, Liu Y, Jiang H, Tao A, Li X, Zhang H, Tan N. Mailuoning oral liquid attenuates convalescent cerebral ischemia by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR-associated apoptosis and promoting CREB/BDNF-mediated neuroprotection. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116731. [PMID: 37277084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ischemic stroke is divided into acute, subacute and convalescent phases according to the time of onset. Clinically, Mailuoning oral liquid (MLN O) is a traditional Chinese patent medicine for treating ischemic stroke. Previous studies have shown that MLN O could prevent acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the relationship between neuroprotection and apoptosis for clarifying MLN O mechanism in the recovery phase of ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS We imitated stroke using middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro models. The infarct volume, neurological deficit scores, HE staining, Nissl staining, TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were correspondingly performed to find pathological changes and detect neuronal apoptosis in rat cerebral cortex. The contents of LDH, Cyt-c, c-AMP and BDNF in rat plasma and cerebral cortex were detected by ELISA. Cell viability was measured by CCK8 assay. Cell morphology, Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin-V-Alexa Fluor 647/PI staining were performed to assess neuronal apoptosis. The expression levels of proteins were evaluated by western blotting. RESULTS MLN O obviously reduced brain infarct volume and neurological deficit scores in MCAO rats. MLN O inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and neuronal apoptosis, but promoted gliosis, neuronal survival, and neuroprotection in the cortical region of MCAO rats. Additionally, MLN O decreased the amount of LDH and cytochrome c, while increasing the expression of c-AMP in the plasma and ischemic cerebral cortex of MCAO rats, and promoting the expression of BDNF in the cortical tissue of MCAO rats. Besides, MLN O improved cell viability, restored cell morphology, while attenuating cell damage, inhibiting neuronal apoptosis following OGD/R in PC-12 cells. Moreover, MLN O inhibited apoptosis by suppressing the expression of pro-apoptotic-associated proteins, including Bax, cytochrome c, Cleaved caspase 3 and HIF-1α, whereas accelerating the expression of Bcl-2 in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, MLN O inhibited the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), but activated the signaling pathway of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in MCAO rats and OGD/R-stimulated PC-12 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that MLN O inhibited AMPK/mTOR to affect apoptosis associated with mitochondria, leading to improve CREB/BDNF-mediated neuroprotection in the recovery period of ischemic stroke in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Lingling Fan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Jinling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ziyu Bai
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yafang Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Anhua Tao
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Jinling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ninghua Tan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lu W, Wen J. H 2S-RhoA/ROCK Pathway and Glial Cells in Axonal Remyelination After Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5493-5504. [PMID: 37322287 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the main reasons of disability and death. Stroke-induced functional deficits are mainly due to the secondary degeneration of the white matter characterized by axonal demyelination and injury of axon-glial integrity. Enhancement of the axonal regeneration and remyelination could promote the neural functional recovery. However, cerebral ischemia-induced activation of RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) pathway plays a crucial and harmful role in the process of axonal recovery and regeneration. Inhibition of this pathway could promote the axonal regeneration and remyelination. In addition, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has the significant neuroprotective role during the recovery of ischemic stroke via inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, regulating astrocyte function, promoting the differentiation of endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to mature oligodendrocyte. Among all of these effects, promoting the formation of mature oligodendrocyte is a crucial part of axonal regeneration and remyelination. Furthermore, numerous studies have uncovered the crosstalk between astrocytes and oligodendrocyte, microglial cells and oligodendrocyte in the axonal remyelination following ischemic stroke. The purpose of this review was to discuss the relationship among H2S, RhoA/ROCK pathway, astrocytes, and microglial cells in the axonal remyelination following ischemic stroke to reveal new strategies for preventing and treating this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhuo Lu
- Medical Branch, Hefei Technology College, Hefei, China
| | - Jiyue Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang Y, Omorou M, Gao M, Mu C, Xu W, Xu H. Hydrogen sulfide and its donors for the treatment of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114506. [PMID: 36906977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As an endogenous gas signalling molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is frequently present in a variety of mammals and plays a significant role in the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in large quantities as a result of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion, which is a very serious class of cerebrovascular diseases. ROS cause oxidative stress and induce specific gene expression that results in apoptosis. H2S reduces cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion-induced secondary injury via anti-oxidative stress injury, suppression of the inflammatory response, inhibition of apoptosis, attenuation of cerebrovascular endothelial cell injury, modulation of autophagy, and antagonism of P2X7 receptors, and it plays an important biological role in other cerebral ischaemic injury events. Despite the many limitations of the hydrogen sulfide therapy delivery strategy and the difficulty in controlling the ideal concentration, relevant experimental evidence demonstrating that H2S plays an excellent neuroprotective role in cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). This paper examines the synthesis and metabolism of the gas molecule H2S in the brain as well as the molecular mechanisms of H2S donors in cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury and possibly other unknown biological functions. With the active development in this field, it is expected that this review will assist researchers in their search for the potential value of hydrogen sulfide and provide new ideas for preclinical trials of exogenous H2S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Huang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Moussa Omorou
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Meng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Chenxi Mu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Weijing Xu
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Deng G, Muqadas M, Adlat S, Zheng H, Li G, Zhu P, Nasser MI. Protective Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:15-25. [PMID: 35066714 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The brain is the most sensitive organ to hypoxia in the human body. Hypoxia in the brain will lead to damage to local brain tissue. When the blood supply of ischemic brain tissue is restored, the damage will worsen, that is, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signal molecule and a novel endogenous neuroregulator. Indeed, different concentrations of H2S have different effects on neurons. Low concentration of H2S can play an important protective role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inducing anti-oxidative stress injury, inhibition of inflammatory response, inhibition of cell apoptosis, reduction of cerebrovascular endothelial cell injury, regulation of autophagy, and other ways, which provides a new idea for clinical diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. This review aims to report the recent research progress on the dual effect of H2S on brain tissue during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Deng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Masood Muqadas
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Salah Adlat
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Zheng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Li
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - M I Nasser
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huerta de la Cruz S, Santiago-Castañeda CL, Rodríguez-Palma EJ, Medina-Terol GJ, López-Preza FI, Rocha L, Sánchez-López A, Freeman K, Centurión D. Targeting hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide to repair cardiovascular injury after trauma. Nitric Oxide 2022; 129:82-101. [PMID: 36280191 PMCID: PMC10644383 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The systemic cardiovascular effects of major trauma, especially neurotrauma, contribute to death and permanent disability in trauma patients and treatments are needed to improve outcomes. In some trauma patients, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system produces a state of adrenergic overstimulation, causing either a sustained elevation in catecholamines (sympathetic storm) or oscillating bursts of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity. Trauma can also activate innate immune responses that release cytokines and damage-associated molecular patterns into the circulation. This combination of altered autonomic nervous system function and widespread systemic inflammation produces secondary cardiovascular injury, including hypertension, damage to cardiac tissue, vascular endothelial dysfunction, coagulopathy and multiorgan failure. The gasotransmitters nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are small gaseous molecules with potent effects on vascular tone regulation. Exogenous NO (inhaled) has potential therapeutic benefit in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, but limited data suggests potential efficacy in traumatic brain injury (TBI). H2S is a modulator of NO signaling and autonomic nervous system function that has also been used as a drug for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. The inhaled gases NO and H2S are potential treatments to restore cardio-cerebrovascular function in the post-trauma period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Huerta de la Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | | | - Erick J Rodríguez-Palma
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, Sede Sur, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | | | - Luisa Rocha
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | - Kalev Freeman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - David Centurión
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nrf2 Pathway and Autophagy Crosstalk: New Insights into Therapeutic Strategies for Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091747. [PMID: 36139821 PMCID: PMC9495910 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular disease is highly prevalent and has a complex etiology and variable pathophysiological activities. It thus poses a serious threat to human life and health. Currently, pathophysiological research on cerebrovascular diseases is gradually improving, and oxidative stress and autophagy have been identified as important pathophysiological activities that are gradually attracting increasing attention. Many studies have found some effects of oxidative stress and autophagy on cerebrovascular diseases, and studies on the crosstalk between the two in cerebrovascular diseases have made modest progress. However, further, more detailed studies are needed to determine the specific mechanisms. This review discusses nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) molecules, which are closely associated with oxidative stress and autophagy, and the crosstalk between them, with the aim of providing clues for studying the two important pathophysiological changes and their crosstalk in cerebrovascular diseases as well as exploring new target treatments.
Collapse
|
8
|
LU XY, ZHENG H, LÜ Q, LI Q, ZHANG H, TIAN H. Effects of acupuncture on Beclin-1 and Caspase-3 expression in hippocampal tissue of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: observations at different time points. WORLD JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE-MOXIBUSTION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wjam.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
9
|
The Protective Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide New Donor Methyl S-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-N-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoyl)-l-Cysteinate on the Ischemic Stroke. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051554. [PMID: 35268655 PMCID: PMC8911759 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we report the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel S-allyl-l-cysteine (SAC) and gallic acid conjugate S-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-l-cysteinate (MTC). We evaluate the effects on ischemia-reperfusion-induced PC12 cells, primary neurons in neonatal rats, and cerebral ischemic neuronal damage in rats, and the results showed that MTC increased SOD, CAT, GPx activity and decreased LDH release. PI3K and p-AKT protein levels were significantly increased by activating PI3K/AKT pathway. Mitochondrial pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bim levels were reduced while anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 levels were increased. The levels of cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 were also reduced in the plasma. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) was decreased, which in turns the survival rate of nerve cells was increased, so that the ischemic injury of neurons was protected accordingly. MTC activated the MEK-ERK signaling pathway and promoted axonal regeneration in primary neurons of the neonatal rat. The pretreatment of MEK-ERK pathway inhibitor PD98059 and PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor LY294002 partially attenuated the protective effect of MTC. Using a MCAO rat model indicated that MTC could reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and decrease the expression of proinflammatory factors. The neuroprotective effect of MTC may be due to inhibition of the over-activation of the TREK-1 channel and reduction of the current density of the TREK1 channel. These results suggested that MTC has a protective effect on neuronal injury induced by ischemia reperfusion, so it may have the potential to become a new type of neuro-ischemic drug candidate.
Collapse
|
10
|
Hou W, Hao Y, Sun L, Zhao Y, Zheng X, Song L. The dual roles of autophagy and the GPCRs-mediating autophagy signaling pathway after cerebral ischemic stroke. Mol Brain 2022; 15:14. [PMID: 35109896 PMCID: PMC8812204 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, caused by a lack of blood supply in brain tissues, is the third leading cause of human death and disability worldwide, and usually results in sensory and motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and in severe cases, even death. Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosome-dependent process in which eukaryotic cells removal misfolded proteins and damaged organelles in cytoplasm, which is critical for energy metabolism, organelle renewal, and maintenance of intracellular homeostasis. Increasing evidence suggests that autophagy plays important roles in pathophysiological mechanisms under ischemic conditions. However, there are still controversies about whether autophagy plays a neuroprotective or damaging role after ischemia. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), one of the largest protein receptor superfamilies in mammals, play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Statistics show that GPCRs are the targets of about one-fifth of drugs known in the world, predicting potential values as targets for drug research. Studies have demonstrated that nutritional deprivation can directly or indirectly activate GPCRs, mediating a series of downstream biological processes, including autophagy. It can be concluded that there are interactions between autophagy and GPCRs signaling pathway, which provides research evidence for regulating GPCRs-mediated autophagy. This review aims to systematically discuss the underlying mechanism and dual roles of autophagy in cerebral ischemia, and describe the GPCRs-mediated autophagy, hoping to probe promising therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke through in-depth exploration of the GPCRs-mediated autophagy signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Hou
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yulei Hao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiangyu Zheng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang Y, Deng L, Zeng L, Bao S, Ye K, Li C, Hou X, Yao Y, Li D, Xiong Z. Silencing of H19 alleviates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-triggered injury through the regulation of the miR-1306-5p/BCL2L13 axis. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2461-2472. [PMID: 34436746 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a leading cause of death and disability. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert key functions in cerebral I/R injury. Here, we sought to elucidate the mechanism underlying the regulation of H19 in cerebral I/R cell injury. An in vitro model of cerebral I/R injury was created using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). The levels of H19, miR-1306-5p and B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-like 13 (BCL2L13) were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blot. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by the Cell Counting-8 Kit (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cytokines were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Direct relationships among H19, miR-1306-5p and BCL2L13 were verified by dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pulldown assays. Our data showed that H19 and BCL2L13 were highly expressed in the cerebral I/R injury rats and OGD/R-triggered SK-N-SH and IMR-32 cells. The knockdown of H19 or BLC2L13 alleviated OGD/R-triggered injury in SK-N-SH and IMR-32 cells. Moreover, H19 silencing protected against OGD/R-triggered cell injury by down-regulating BCL2L13. H19 acted as a sponge of miR-1306-5p and BCL2L13 was a direct target of miR-1306-5p. H19 mediated BCL2L13 expression by sequestering miR-1306-5p. Furthermore, miR-1306-5p was a molecular mediator of H19 function. These results suggested that H19 silencing alleviated OGD/R-triggered I/R injury at least partially depending on the regulation of the miR-1306-5p/BCL2L13 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Lisha Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanlin Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quxian County People's Hospital, No. 88, Heping Road, Dazhou, 635200, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengxun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Dingjun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39, Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Y, Zhang S, Ni H, Zhang Y, Yan X, Gao Y, He B, Wang W, Liu C, Guo M. Autophagy is involved in the neuroprotective effect of nicotiflorin. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114279. [PMID: 34087402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nicotiflorin is a flavonoid glycoside derived from the traditional Chinese medicine FlosCarthami, dried petals of Carthamus tinctorius L., and has been confirmed to be a promising novel drug candidate for ischemic stroke. Yet, the exact role of nicotiflorin in cerebral I/R injury is uncharacterized and the possible mechanisms have not been clearly expounded. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to determine the effect of nicotiflorin on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and its relationship with autophagy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction (OGD/R) in SH-SY5Y cells were established in in vivo and in vitro models, respectively. The severity of MCAO was assessed by brain infarct size, neurological scores and survival rate. The severity of OGD/R was evaluated by cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and cell apoptosis. The level of autophagy was evaluated both in vivo and in vitro. Autophagosomes were observed using transmission electron microscopy and autophagic flux was measured using mRFP-GFP-tandem fluorescent LC3 adenovirus. Autophagy-related proteins (LC3-II/I, SQSTM1, beclin-1, Phospho-mTOR/mTOR) were measured by immunoblot. Autophagy-related mRNA levels (Becn1, Atg7) were detected by Real-Time PCR. Inhibition of autophagy was implemented by 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) or chloroquine in vitro. RESULTS In vivo, nicotiflorin treatment alleviated brain damage and neurological deficit while it dramatically increased 72 h survival rate in rats. In vitro, nicotiflorin treatment also ameliorated the severity of OGD/R. Moreover, nicotiflorin treatment increased ischemic penumbra autophagy (autophagosomes, BECN1, LC3-II/I ratio, SQSTM1, Phospho-mTOR/mTOR, Atg7). In vitro, nicotiflorin likewise enhanced autophagy and promoted autophagy flux. Furthermore, the blockade of autophagy by 3-MA or chloroquine disabled the efficacic of nicotiflorin in preventing cell damage upon OGD/R insult. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that autophagy plays a significant role in the protective effect of nicotiflorin against ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hailai Ni
- Department of Health Care, Changhai Hospital,Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Beixuan He
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wenzheng Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Meili Guo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xu R, He Q, Wang Y, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Therapeutic Potential of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Vascular Cognitive Impairment. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:706759. [PMID: 34413726 PMCID: PMC8370253 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.706759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a heterogeneous disease caused by a variety of cerebrovascular diseases. Patients with VCI often present with slower cognitive processing speed and poor executive function, which affects their independence in daily life, thus increasing social burden. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a non-invasive and efficient intervention that triggers endogenous protective mechanisms to generate neuroprotection. Over the past decades, evidence from basic and clinical research has shown that RIC is promising for the treatment of VCI. To further our understanding of RIC and improve the management of VCI, we summarize the evidence on the therapeutic potential of RIC in relation to the risk factors and pathobiologies of VCI, including reducing the risk of recurrent stroke, decreasing high blood pressure, improving cerebral blood flow, restoring white matter integrity, protecting the neurovascular unit, attenuating oxidative stress, and inhibiting the inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Qianyan He
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sun B, Ou H, Ren F, Guan Y, Huan Y, Cai H. Propofol Protects against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Down-Regulating Long Noncoding RNA SNHG14. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3002-3014. [PMID: 34369750 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury is a serious central nervous system disease. Propofol (PPF) exerts a neuroprotective effect in CI/R injury; the underlying cause is still unclear. Here, we cultured mouse hippocampal neuron (HT22 cells) in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) conditions to mimic CI/R injury in vitro. PPF treatment promoted cell viability and reduced apoptotic cells in the OGD/R-treated HT22 cells, which was effectively abrogated by SNHG14 overexpression. Moreover, we constructed a CI/R injury mouse model on C57BL/6J mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R), followed by administration of PPF. PPF reduced neuronal damage and loss, enhanced glial cell hyperplasia, and ameliorated cerebral cortex tissue damage and brain infarct in MCAO/R-induced mice. SNHG14 overexpression aggravated MCAO/R-induced CI/R injury in mice. Furthermore, SNHG14 promoted the expression of Atg5 and Beclin 1 via competitively binding miR-30b-5p, which contributed to activate autophagy and apoptosis in HT22 cells. In addition, the levels of p-p38 and p-SP1 were reduced in the OGD/R-treated HT22 cells in the presence of PPF. SP1 interacted with the promoter of SNHG14 and elevated the expression of SNHG14. PPF treatment inhibited the SP1-mediated up-regulation of SNHG14. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that PPF inhibits SNHG14 expression though the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. SNHG14 promotes Atg5 and Beclin 1 expression by sponging miR-30b-5p and thus activates autophagy and aggravates CI/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Ou
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yujiao Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ye Huan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hongwei Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gao S, Tang YY, Jiang L, Lan F, Li X, Zhang P, Zou W, Chen YJ, Tang XQ. H 2S Attenuates Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Reducing Excessive Autophagy via Hippocampal Sirt-1 in WISTAR RATS. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1941-1952. [PMID: 33914232 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03314-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) is widespread in society causing serious damage to cognitive function. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gas signal molecule, plays important regulatory role in learning and memory functions. Inhibition of excessive autophagy and upregulation of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt-1) have been reported to prevent cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, this present work was to address whether H2S attenuates the cognitive impairment induced by SD in Wistar rats and whether the underlying mechanisms involve in inhibition of excessive autophagy and upregulation of Sirt-1. After treatment with SD for 72 h, the cognitive function of Wistar rats was evaluated by Y-maze, new object recognition, object location, and Morris water maze tests. The results shown that SD-caused cognitive impairment was reversed by treatment with NaHS (a donor of H2S). NaHS also prevented SD-induced hippocampal excessive autophagy, as evidenced by the decrease in autophagosomes, the down-regulation of Beclin1, and the up-regulation of p62 in the hippocampus of SD-exposed Wistar rats. Furthermore, Sirtinol, an inhibitor of Sirt-1, reversed the inhibitory roles of NaHS in SD-induced cognitive impairment and excessive hippocampal autophagy in Wistar rats. Taken together, our results suggested that H2S improves the cognitive function of SD-exposed rats by inhibiting excessive hippocampal autophagy in a hippocampal Sirt-1-dependent way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Yun Tang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Li Jiang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Fang Lan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China.
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Zou
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Chen
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Tang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China.
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang C, Ma Z, Wang Z, Ming S, Ding Y, Zhou S, Qian H. Eriodictyol Attenuates MCAO-Induced Brain Injury and Neurological Deficits via Reversing the Autophagy Dysfunction. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:655125. [PMID: 34122022 PMCID: PMC8190663 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.655125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of eriodictyol on MCAO-induced brain injury and its regulation of neural function and to explore the mechanism of its regulation of autophagy in rats. Brain injury was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult rats and pretreated with eriodictyol (low dose: 20 mg/kg; medium dose: 40 mg/kg; high dose: 80 mg/kg) or saline. Rats in the treatment group had a smaller volume of infarction and improved neurological outcome and reduced the latency to the platform, increased the time spent in the correct quadrant compared to MCAO rats pretreated with saline. ELISA kits results confirmed that eriodictyol reduced the inflammatory response induced by MCAO. The results of apoptosis and proliferation by Nissl staining and immunofluorescence detection indicated that eriodictyol could inhibit apoptosis and promote the proliferation in MCAO rats. The expressions of LC3, ATG5, p62, and Beclin1 were used to evaluate the autophagy, as well as the reversal of the autophagy activator (rapamycin) on the neuroprotective effect of eriodictyol, which suggested that the protective effect of eriodictyol on brain injury may be related to the inhibition of autophagy. In summary, we, therefore, suggested that eriodictyol could reduce the inflammation response of brain injury and inhibit neuroapoptosis, directly affecting autophagy to alleviate brain injury. It will provide theoretical support for eriodictyol in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhequan Ma
- Yangxin County Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yangxin, China
| | - Zuqiang Wang
- Yangxin County Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yangxin, China
| | - Shuping Ming
- The First Clinical College of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanbing Ding
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Sufang Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Qian
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lv S, Wang Z, Wang J, Wang H. Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Plays an Important Role Through Regulating Autophagy in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:681676. [PMID: 34055892 PMCID: PMC8155623 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.681676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is characterized by limiting blood supply to organs, then restoring blood flow and reoxygenation. It leads to many diseases, including acute kidney injury, myocardial infarction, circulatory arrest, ischemic stroke, trauma, and sickle cell disease. Autophagy is an important and conserved cellular pathway, in which cells transfer the cytoplasmic contents to lysosomes for degradation. It plays an important role in maintaining the balance of cell synthesis, decomposition and reuse, and participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), along with carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO), is an important gas signal molecule and regulates various physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, there are many studies on the improvement of I/R injury by H2S through regulating autophagy, but the related mechanisms are not completely clear. Therefore, we summarize the related research in the above aspects to provide theoretical reference for future in-depth research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyu Lv
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Henan Technician College of Medicine and Health, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gu C, Yang J, Luo Y, Ran D, Tan X, Xiang P, Fei H, Lu Y, Guo W, Tu Y, Liu X, Wang H. ZNRF2 attenuates focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting mTORC1-mediated autophagy. Exp Neurol 2021; 342:113759. [PMID: 33992580 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Zinc and ring finger 2 (ZNRF2), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a crucial role in many diseases. However, its role in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) still remains unknown. In this study, the function and molecular mechanism of ZNRF2 in CIRI in vivo and vitro was studied. ZNRF2 was found to be dramatically downregulated in CIRI. Overexpression of ZNRF2 could significantly reduce the neurological deficit, brain infarct volume and histopathological damage of cortex in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion. Concomitantly, overexpression of ZNRF2 increased the primary neuronal viability and decreased the neuronal apoptosis induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). Mechanistically, overexpression of ZNRF2 inhibited the over-induction of autophagy induced by OGD/R which was abolished by mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin. It can be concluded that ZNRF2 plays a protective effect in CIRI and the underlying mechanism may be related to the inhibition of mTORC1-mediated autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Junqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dongzhi Ran
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaodan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Pu Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Dianjiang People's Hospital of Chongqing, Dianjiang, Chongqing 408300, China
| | - Huizhi Fei
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wenjia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yujun Tu
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang C, Xu Y, Zhang W, Ma M, Wang S, Chai L, Guo H, Hu L. Salvianolate lyophilized injection regulates the autophagy-lysosomal pathway in cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113898. [PMID: 33556476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Activation of autophagy has been implicated in cerebral ischiemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Salvianolate lyophilized injection (SLI) has been widely used in the clinical treatment of cerebrovascular disease in China. Whether SLI has any influence on the activation of autophagy in cerebral I/R injury remains elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study were to assess whether SLI attenuates I/R-induced brain injury and evaluate its associated mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Focal cerebral ischaemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). SLI (21 mg/kg) was injected intravenously at the beginning of the reperfusion period and 24 and 48 h after ischaemia. The effects of SLI on brain injury were detected according to infarct volume, neurological score, brain oedema, and HE and TUNEL staining at 72 h post-MCAO. Western blotting was used to detect alterations in the autophagy-relevant proteins LC3, Beclin-1, mTOR, p62, Lamp-1, and CTSD in the ipsilateral cortex at 24 or 72 h post-MCAO. RESULTS We first demonstrated that SLI significantly alleviated the infarct volume, neurological deficits, and brain oedema, and reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells in rats with cerebral I/R injury. Next, we found that SLI has a bidirectional regulatory effect on autophagy: early-stage (24 h) cerebral ischaemia promotes the activation of autophagy and developmental-stage (72 h) cerebral ischaemia has an inhibitory effect. SLI enhanced I/R-induced autophagy as evidenced by the increased expression level of the autophagy marker protein LC3Ⅱ, as well as the decreased expression of mTOR and the autophagy substrate protein p62, but there was no change in lysosomal activity at 24 h after I/R-induced injury. Moreover, SLI also inhibited excessive activation of autophagy at 72 h after I/R-induced injury, which manifested as downregulating LC3Ⅱ expression, upregulating mTOR and p62 expression, and inhibiting lysosomal activity. CONCLUSION SLI has a protective effect on cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury, which may be mediated by the autophagy-lysosome pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changshuo Yang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #10 Boyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #10 Boyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #10 Boyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Mengmeng Ma
- Beijing Northen Hospital of Weaponry Industry, #10 CheDaoGou, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Shaoxia Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #10 Boyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Lijuan Chai
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #10 Boyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #10 Boyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Limin Hu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #10 Boyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Y, Cai X, Wu Z, Tang L, Lu L, Xu Y, Bao X. Tetrandrine attenuates ischemia/reperfusion‑induced neuronal damage in the subacute phase. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:297. [PMID: 33649825 PMCID: PMC7930946 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, the third leading cause of disability globally, imposes a notable economic burden. Tetrandrine (Tet), which has been widely used clinically, exhibits potential protective effects against stroke. However, there has been little pre‑clinical research to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Tet on stroke. The present study investigated the beneficial effect of Tet on ischemia‑reperfusion (I/R) injury and its underlying mechanism in rats. Rats were subjected to occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, then treated with Tet (30 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal) in the subacute phase for 7 days. In order to detect the effects of Tet on the behavior of rats, modified neurological severity score and longa behavior, grasping capability and inclined plane tests were conducted on days 1, 3 and 7 following cerebral ischemia. In addition, neuronal apoptosis in the cortex and hippocampus following ischemia was assessed by Nissl staining and TUNEL assay. Finally, oxidative stress was evaluated by measurement of free radicals and immunofluorescence staining of LC3 was used to assess autophagy. Tet improved neurological function and decreased infarct volume in I/R injury rats. Tet also prevented neuronal apoptosis in the cortex and hippocampus region. In addition, Tet protected against oxidative damage following ischemia, which was reflected by decreased levels of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde and increased levels of glutathione (GSH) and GSH peroxidase. In addition, the expression levels of the autophagy marker LC3 decreased in the Tet treatment group. In conclusion, Tet attenuated I/R‑induced neuronal damage in the subacute phase by decreasing oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xinjun Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Zhiheng Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medicial College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China
| | - Leilei Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, P.R. China
| | - Lingqun Lu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Yinyin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Bao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li P, Mao WW, Zhang S, Zhang L, Chen ZR, Lu ZD. Sodium hydrosulfide alleviates dexamethasone-induced cell senescence and dysfunction through targeting the miR-22/sirt1 pathway in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:238. [PMID: 33603846 PMCID: PMC7851607 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is characterized by osteoblastic cell and microarchitecture dysfunction, as well as a loss of bone mass. Cell senescence contributes to the pathological process of osteoporosis and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) regulates the potent protective effects through delaying cell senescence. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether senescence could contribute to dexamethasone (Dex)-induced osteoblast impairment and to examine the effect of NaHS on Dex-induced cell senescence and damage. It was found that the levels of the senescence-associated markers, p53 and p21, were markedly increased in osteoblasts exposed to Dex. A p53 inhibitor reversed Dex-induced osteoblast injury, a process that was mitigated by NaHS administration through alleviating osteoblastic cell senescence. MicroRNA (miR)-22 blocked the impact of NaHS on Dex-induced osteoblast damage and senescence through targeting the regulation of Sirtuin 1 (sirt1) expression, as shown by the decreased cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity, as well as an increased expression of p53 and p21. It was revealed that the sirt1 gene was the target of miR-22 in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells through combining the results of dual luciferase reporter assays and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, as well as western blot analyses. Silencing of sirt1 abolished the protective effect of NaHS against Dex-associated osteoblast senescence and injury. Taken together, the present study showed that NaHS prevents Dex-induced cell senescence and damage through targeting the miR-22/sirt1 pathway in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Mao
- Clinical Skill Center of Yinchuan First People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Rong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Dong Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang LN, Zhang XW, Li CQ, Guo J, Chen YP, Chen SL. Vagal Nerve Stimulation Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Inhibiting Autophagy and Apoptosis. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:905-913. [PMID: 33790559 PMCID: PMC8008252 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s300535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cumulative evidence suggests that neuronal death including autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Moreover, vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is involved in many different neuroprotective and neuroplasticity pathways. Thus, VNS may be a novel approach for treating various neurodegenerative diseases. The present study aims to determine whether VNS protects against cerebral I/R injury in rats by inhibiting autophagy and apoptosis. METHODS Cerebral I/R injury is induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and VNS is carried out. Infarct volume, neurological deficit, autophagy, and apoptosis are examined 24 h after reperfusion. RESULTS Vagal nerve stimulation decreases infarct volume and suppresses neurological deficit. Moreover, obvious autophagy and apoptosis are detected in rats that have undergone I/R, and VNS inhibits autophagy and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Vagal nerve stimulation exerts neuroprotective effects following I/R injury by inhibiting autophagy and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Qing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Li Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu Y, Guo Y. Activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 by diaminopimelic acid contributes to cerebral ischemia-induced cognitive impairment. Neurosci Lett 2020; 743:135547. [PMID: 33352290 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain tissue injury is a major obstacle for acute stroke management. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) is reported to play a critical role in the regulation of myocardial or hepatic I/R injury. However, its role in cerebral I/R remains elusive. The mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was applied in the study. The cerebral I/R mice were received either PBS or diaminopimelic acid (DAP)-pretreatment. All sham, MCAO, and MCAO + DAP mice were subject to the neurological behavior tests. The proinflammatory cytokines and autophagy-related proteins were determined by ELISA, RT-qPCR, and Western blot analysis, respectively. We found that NOD1 was substantially upregulated in the hippocampus of MCAO mice. DAP treatment significantly enhanced proinflammatory cytokine production and autophagy-related protein expression, leading to enlarged cerebral infarction size and poor neurological performance in MCAO + DAP mice compared to MCAO mice. We concluded that activation of NOD1 promotes cerebral I/R injury suggesting that NOD1 may serve as a promising target for alleviating the adverse effects of cerebral I/R.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5 Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Meng H, Jin W, Yu L, Xu S, Wan H, He Y. Protective effects of polysaccharides on cerebral ischemia: A mini-review of the mechanisms. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:463-472. [PMID: 33347928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia, a common cerebrovascular disease, is one of the great threats to human health. Nowadays, many drugs used in the treatment of cerebral ischemia such as clot busting drugs, antiplatelet drugs, and neuroprotective drugs have limits. It is urgent finding new effective treatments for the patients. Researches have confirmed that many kinds of polysaccharides from natural resources possess therapeutic effects on cerebral ischemia, but are still lack of a comprehensively understanding. In this paper, based on the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemic injury, we summarize the latest discoveries and advancements of 29 kinds of polysaccharides, focusing on their ameliorating effects on cerebral ischemia and the underlying mechanisms. Several mechanisms are involved, mainly including antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory activities, regulating neuron apoptosis, as well as resisting nitrosative stress injury. Besides, polysaccharides show protective effects through certain signaling pathways including PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB, PARP-1/AIF, JNK3/c-Jun/Fas-L, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. The main goal of this mini-review is to emphasize the important roles of polysaccharides in attenuating cerebral ischemic injury through the elucidation of mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Weifeng Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Li Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Shouchao Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Yu He
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li YQ, Hui ZR, Tao T, Shao KY, Liu Z, Li M, Gu LL. Protective effect of hypoxia inducible factor-1α gene therapy using recombinant adenovirus in cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injuries in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:438-446. [PMID: 32432963 PMCID: PMC7301712 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1762667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Context: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)-induced genes can improve blood circulation.Objective: To investigate brain protective effect of recombinant adenovirus-mediated HIF-1α (AdHIF-1α) expression and its mechanism.Materials and methods: Male SD rats were used to establish focal cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion (CIR) injury models and randomly divided into normal, sham, CIR, Ad and AdHIF-1α groups. Ad or AdHIF-1α (108 pfu/10 µL) were administered into lateral ventricle of rats in Ad and AdHIF-1α groups. Modified neurological severity score (mNSS), brain water content (BWC) and cerebral infarct volumes (CIVs) were analyzed, and HE staining was performed using the brain tissues. Furthermore, the expression of caspase-3 and HSP90 was analyzed using qRT-PCR and Western blotting.Results: Compared to CIR (mNSS, 8.52 ± 0.52; CIV, 0.22 ± 0.01) and Ad groups (mNSS, 8.83 ± 0.41; CIV, 0.22 ± 0.02), mNSS and CIV were significantly decreased in AdHIF-1α group (mNSS, 6.03 ± 0.61; CIV, 0.11 ± 0.01) at 72 h (p < 0.05). With prolonged reperfusion time (6 h to 72 h), BWC of all rats increased gradually, although the increase was markedly less in AdHIF-1α group (78.15 ± 0.16 to 87.01 ± 0.31) compared to that in CIR (78.77 ± 0.60 to 89.74 ± 0.34) and Ad groups (78.77 ± 0.35 to 89.71 ± 0.27) (p < 0.01). There were significantly greater pathological changes in the neurons in AdHIF-1α group at 72 h following CIR. Furthermore, expression of caspase-3 (p < 0.01) down-regulated and HSP90 up-regulated (p < 0.05) at mRNA and protein levels in AdHIF-1α group.Discussion and conclusions: HIF‑1α gene therapy is neuroprotective towards the CIR rat model. HIF-1α may be a candidate gene for the treatment of ischaemic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi Li
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Hui
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Kang-Yu Shao
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Aerospace Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li-Ling Gu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Galuteolin Inhibited Autophagy for Neuroprotection Against Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats. Neuromolecular Med 2020; 22:493-502. [PMID: 33085067 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Galuteolin, a Chinese herbal medicine, purified from Lonicera Japonica. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of galuteolin against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We administered galuteolin or galuteolin and rapamycin to rats which had middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). A series of characterizations were carried out to monitor the outcomes of galuteolin in I/R rats regarding the infarct volumes, neurological deficits, and brain water, as well as its effect on neuroprotection and autophagy. It was found that galuteolin significantly reduced the infarct volume, brain water content, and the neurological deficits in a dose-dependent manner. Neuron damages were decreased in the hippocampal carotid artery 1 pyramidal layer by galuteolin. The expression levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) increased after galuteolin treatment. Galuteolin significantly decreased the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins. In addition, galuteolin decreased rapamycin-related neuron damages and activations of autophagy in I/R rats. Our data suggested that galuteolin can inhibit ischemic brain injuries through the regulation of autophagy-related indicators in I/R.
Collapse
|
27
|
He GQ, Chen Y, Liao HJ, Xu WM, Zhang W, He GL. Associations between Huwe1 and autophagy in rat cerebral neuron oxygen‑glucose deprivation and reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5083-5094. [PMID: 33173969 PMCID: PMC7646962 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) are two major protein degradation pathways involved in brain ischemia. Autophagy can compensate for UPS impairment-induced cellular dysfunction. HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (Huwe1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, serves critical roles in nervous system plasticity, regeneration and disease. However, the role of Huwe1 in autophagy in brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the crosstalk between autophagy and the UPS in brain ischemia. The present study established an oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) model in rat primary cortex neurons in vitro. Lentiviral interference was used to silence the expression of Huwe1. An autophagy promoter (rapamycin), an autophagy inhibitor (wortmannin) and a JNK pathway inhibitor (SP600125) were also used in the current study. Cellular autophagy-related proteins, including Beclin-1, autophagy related (ATG) 7, ATG5, ATG3 and microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 α, and apoptosis-related proteins, such as P53, cleaved caspase 3, Bax and Bcl2, were detected via western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated using a TUNEL assay. The results demonstrated that silencing Huwe1 increased the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins at 24 h after OGD/R. Treatment with a JNK inhibitor or cotreatment with Huwe1 shRNA significantly increased autophagy. Rapamycin increased apoptosis under OGD/R conditions. However, treatment with Huwe1 shRNA decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells at 24 h after OGD/R. Cotreatment with Huwe1 shRNA and wortmannin alleviated neuronal apoptosis under OGD/R conditions compared with cotreatment with DMSO. Collectively, the present results suggested that silencing Huwe1 was accompanied by a compensatory induction of autophagy under OGD/R conditions. Furthermore, the JNK pathway may be a key mediator of the interaction between Huwe1 and autophagy in response to UPS impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qian He
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Juan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu J, Guo ZN, Yan XL, Huang S, Ren JX, Luo Y, Yang Y. Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Ferroptosis and Its Putative Role in Ischemic Stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:577403. [PMID: 33132849 PMCID: PMC7566169 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.577403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved process to maintains homeostasis via the degradation of toxic cell contents, which can either promote cell survival or accelerate cellular demise. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered iron-dependent cell death pathway associated with the accumulation of lethal reactive lipid species. In the past few years, an increasing number of studies have suggested the crosstalk between autophagy and ferroptosis. Ischemic stroke is a complex brain disease regulated by several cell death pathways, including autophagy and ferroptosis. However, the potential links between autophagy and ferroptosis in ischemic stroke have not yet been explored. In this review, we briefly overview the mechanisms of ferroptosis and autophagy, as well as their possible connections in ischemic stroke. The elucidation of crosstalk between different cell death pathways may provide insight into new future ischemic stroke therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China
| | - Xiu-Li Yan
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Jia-Xin Ren
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Detrimental and Beneficial Effect of Autophagy and a Potential Therapeutic Target after Ischemic Stroke. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8372647. [PMID: 33688357 PMCID: PMC7924073 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8372647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy, a physiologic mechanism that promotes energy recycling and orderly degradation through self-regulated disassembly of cellular components, helps maintain homeostasis. A series of evidences suggest that autophagy is activated as a response to ischemia and has been well-characterized as a therapeutic target. However, the role of autophagy after ischemia remains controversial. Activated-autophagy can remove necrotic substances against ischemic injury to promote cell survival. On the contrary, activation of autophagy may further aggravate ischemic injury, causing cell death. Therefore, the present review will examine the current understanding of the precise mechanism and role of autophagy in ischemia and recent neuroprotective therapies on autophagy, drug therapies, and nondrug therapies, including electroacupuncture (EA).
Collapse
|
30
|
The neuroprotective action of 3,3'-diindolylmethane against ischemia involves an inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy that depends on HDAC and AhR/CYP1A1 but not ERα/CYP19A1 signaling. Apoptosis 2020; 24:435-452. [PMID: 30778709 PMCID: PMC6522467 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There are no studies examining the effects of 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) in neuronal cells subjected to ischemia. Little is also known about the roles of apoptosis and autophagy as well as AhR and ERα signaling and HDACs in DIM action. We demonstrated for the first time the strong neuroprotective capacity of DIM in mouse primary hippocampal cell cultures exposed to ischemia at early and later stages of neuronal development. The protective effects of DIM were mediated via inhibition of ischemia-induced apoptosis and autophagy that was accompanied by a decrease in AhR/CYP1A1 signaling and an increase in HDAC activity. DIM decreased the levels of pro-apoptotic factors, i.e., Fas, Caspase-3, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). DIM also reduced the protein levels of autophagy-related Beclin-1 (BECN1) and microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain (LC3), partially reversed the ischemia-induced decrease in Nucleoporin 62 (NUP62) and inhibited autophagosome formation. In addition, DIM completely reversed the ischemia-induced decrease in histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity in hippocampal neurons. Although DIM inhibited AhR/CYP1A1 signaling, it did not influence the protein expression levels of ERα and ERα-regulated CYP19A1 which are known to be controlled by AhR. This study demonstrated for the first time, that the neuroprotective action of 3,3′-diindolylmethane against ischemia involves an inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy and depends on AhR/CYP1A1 signaling and HDAC activity, thus creating the possibility of developing new therapeutic strategies that target neuronal degeneration at specific molecular levels.
Collapse
|
31
|
Xiao Q, Ying J, Qiao Z, Yang Y, Dai X, Xu Z, Zhang C, Xiang L. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide inhibits human melanoma cell development via suppression of the PI3K/AKT/ mTOR pathway. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 98:26-34. [PMID: 32098704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is one of the most aggressive, therapy-resistant skin cancers in the world. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a newly discovered gasotransmitter, plays a crucial role in the progression and development of many types of cancers. However, the effect of H2S on human skin melanoma remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the effect of exogenous H2S on melanoma cells and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS In this study, human skin melanoma cell lines, including A375 and SK-MEL-28, were treated with a donor of H2S (NaHS). CCK-8, scratch assay, flow cytometric analysis, western blotting and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to explore the effects of H2S on cell behaviors. RESULTS Treatment with NaHS inhibited cell proliferation, migration and division, while it could induce cell apoptosis and autophagy in melanoma cell lines. Moreover, NaHS significantly decreased the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt and mTOR proteins. Furthermore, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), the activator of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, could reverse the cell behaviors caused by NaHS. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that exogenous hydrogen sulfide could inhibit human melanoma cell development via suppression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Hydrogen sulfide might serve as a potential therapeutic option for melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiayi Ying
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhuhui Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yiwen Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoxi Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhongyi Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Leihong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nozohouri S, Sifat AE, Vaidya B, Abbruscato TJ. Novel approaches for the delivery of therapeutics in ischemic stroke. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:535-551. [PMID: 31978522 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, we review novel approaches to deliver neuroprotective drugs to salvageable penumbral brain areas of stroke injury with the goals of offsetting ischemic brain injury and enhancing recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Nozohouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Ali Ehsan Sifat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Bhuvaneshwar Vaidya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pan G, Jin L, Shen W, Zhang J, Pan J, Cheng J, Xie Q, Hu Q, Wu S, Zhang H, Chen X. Treadmill exercise improves neurological function by inhibiting autophagy and the binding of HMGB1 to Beclin1 in MCAO juvenile rats. Life Sci 2020; 243:117279. [PMID: 31926245 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Treadmill exercise is a beneficial treatment following childhood stroke. Thus, studies focusing on the neuroprotective mechanism of exercise training during postischemic treatment in children with ischemic stroke are urgently needed. We evaluated the effects of treadmill exercise on autophagy after cerebral ischemia in young rats. MAIN METHODS Rats (23-25 days old) underwent cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) surgery. The experimental animals were divided into 5 groups, and some groups received either treadmill exercise, a rapamycin (RAPA) injection or combination therapy for 3 or 7 days. We performed a series of experimental tests including neurological scoring, hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E), Nissl staining, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, Western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) fluorescence. KEY FINDINGS The experimental data indicated that treadmill exercise inhibited autophagy in the ischemic penumbra, inhibited high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) translocation and binding to Beclin1, reduced apoptosis, reduced infarct volumes, and aided in functional recovery. However, RAPA promoted the opposite effects of treadmill exercise. SIGNIFICANCE We found that treadmill exercise improves the neurological deficits induced by CI/R by inhibiting autophagy and HMGB1 binding to Beclin1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Pan
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingqin Jin
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weimin Shen
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jieqiong Zhang
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juanjuan Pan
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingyan Cheng
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingfeng Xie
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Quan Hu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shamin Wu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Hangzhou Children's Hospital, 195 Wenhui Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiang Chen
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liang J, Wang Q, Li JQ, Guo T, Yu D. Long non-coding RNA MEG3 promotes cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through increasing pyroptosis by targeting miR-485/AIM2 axis. Exp Neurol 2019; 325:113139. [PMID: 31794744 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammasome contributes to ischemic brain injury by inducing pyroptosis and inflammation. The aim of this study is to unravel the mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3)-mediated regulation of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). METHODS In vivo middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model and in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-treated neurocytes model were generated. TTC, H&E staining and TUNEL were performed to assess the cerebral ischemic injury. LDH and MTT assays were used to detect cell viability and cytotoxicity. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels of MEG3, miR-485 and AIM2. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence were conducted to detect the AIM2 expression. ELISA and Western blotting were performed to determine the secretion and protein levels of inflammasome signaling proteins. Dual luciferase reporter assay and Ago2-RIP were used to validate the direct interaction among MEG3, miR-485 and AIM2. RESULTS In both MCAO rats and OGD/R-treated neurocytes, MEG3 and AIM2 were significantly up-regulated, whereas miR-485 was down-regulated. MCAO induces pyroptosis and release of IL-1β and IL-18 in ischemia brain. MEG3 acted as a molecular sponge to suppress miR-485, and AIM2 was identified as a direct target of miR-485. Knockdown of MEG3 inhibited OGD/R-induced pyroptosis and inflammation, and lack of MEG3 inhibited caspase1 signaling and decreased the expression of AIM2, ASC, cleaved-caspase1 and GSDMD-N. While overexpression of MEG3 exerted opposite effects. CONCLUSION MEG3/miR-485/AIM2 axis contributes to pyroptosis via activating caspase1 signaling during cerebral I/R, suggesting that this axis may be a potent therapeutic target in ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Jun-Qi Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Tie Guo
- Department of ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, PR China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang J, Shi C, Wang H, Gao C, Chang P, Chen X, Shan H, Zhang M, Tao L. Hydrogen sulfide protects against cell damage through modulation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 117:105636. [PMID: 31654751 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide as the third endogenous gaseous mediator had protective effects against traumatic brain injury-induced neuronal damage in mice. However, the exact pathophysiological mechanism underlying traumatic brain injury is complicated and the protective role of H2S is not yet fully known. Therefore, we combined the mechanical injury (scratch) with secondary injury including metabolic impairment (no glucose) together to investigate the underlying cellular mechanism of hydrogen sulfide in vitro models of traumatic brain injury. In the present study, we found that H2S could prevent the scratch-induced decrease in the expression of cystathionine-β-synthetase, a key enzyme involved in the source of hydrogen sulfide, and endogenous hydrogen sulfide generation in PC12 cells. We also found that hydrogen sulfide could prevent scratch-induced cellular injury, alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cell death (autophagic cell death and apoptosis) in PC12 cells. It was also found that blocking PI3K/AKT pathway by LY294002, abolished the protection of H2S against scratch-induced cellular reactive oxygen species level and NRF2 accumulation and function in the nucleus. These results suggest that hydrogen sulfide protects against cell damage induced by scratch injury through modulation of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway. This study raises the possibility that hydrogen sulfide may have therapeutic efficacy in traumatic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chaoqun Shi
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haochen Wang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Cheng Gao
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Pan Chang
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Xiping Chen
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haiyan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; School of Pharmacy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Luyang Tao
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tetrahydroxystilbene Glucoside Suppresses NAPDH Oxidative Stress to Mitigate Apoptosis and Autophagy Induced by Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:3913981. [PMID: 31379960 PMCID: PMC6662418 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3913981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside (TSG) is the active ingredient extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Fallopia multiflora, which has extensive pharmacological activities. The current study aimed to observe the neuroprotective mechanism of TSG in the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) brain injury-induced apoptosis and autophagy from the point of view of oxidative stress (OS). The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was prepared through the suture-occluded method, and TSG was administered through tail vein injection at the time of reperfusion at the doses of 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 mg/kg. Compared with sham group, the neurological score in I/R mice was increased (P<0.05), along with remarkably elevated cerebral infarct volume (P<0.05); while TSG administration could reduce the neurological score and cerebral infarct volume (P<0.05) and improve the neuronal damage in ischemic cortex and hippocampus (P<0.05). The expression of NOX4, activated caspase-3(9), and Beclin 1 (P<0.05), as well as the LC3BII/I ratio, had been markedly elevated (P<0.05), while TSG administration could effectively suppress the expression of the above-mentioned proteins (P<0.05). In conclusion, TSG shows obvious protection against brain injury in I/R mice, and its mechanism may be related to suppressing the NADPH-induced OS and reducing neuronal apoptosis as well as autophagy.
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang H, Zhong P, Sun L. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide mitigates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation through promoting autophagy via the AMPK-mTOR pathway. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.043653. [PMID: 31315822 PMCID: PMC6679392 DOI: 10.1242/bio.043653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) could mitigate NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation through promoting autophagy via the AMPK-mTOR pathway in L02 cells. L02 cells were stimulated with different concentrations of oleic acid (OA), then cell viability and the protein expression of NLRP3 and pro-caspase-1 were detected by MTT and western blot, respectively, to determine appropriate OA concentration in this study. The cells were divided into four groups: the cells in the control group were cultured with RPMI-1640 for 24.5 h; the cells in the OA group were cultured with RPMI-1640 for 0.5 h, then were stimulated with 1.2 mmol/l OA for 24 h; the cells in the NaHS+OA group were pretreated with sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS, a donor of H2S) for 0.5 h before exposure to OA for 24 h; and the cells in the NaHS group were treated with NaHS 0.5 h, then were cultured with RPMI-1640 for 24 h. Subsequently, the cells in every group were collected and the protein expression of NLRP3, procaspase-1, cleaved caspase-1, P62, LC3, Beclin1, T-AMPK, P-AMPK, T-mTOR, P-mTOR and the level of IL-1β were detected by western blot and ElISA, respectively. Exogenous H2S reduced the level of NLRP3, caspase-1, P62, IL-1β and the ratio of P-mTOR/T-mTOR induced by OA and increased the ratio of LC3 II/I and the protein expression of Beclin1 suppressed by OA. This study demonstrates for the first time that H2S might suppress NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation induced by OA through promoting autophagy via the AMPK-mTOR pathway. It provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of H2S. Summary: We prove that exogenous H2S can suppress NLRP3-mediated inflammation by promoting autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway in L02 cells, providing insights into the anti-inflammatory mechanism of H2S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Peiyu Zhong
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Leilei Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Thiebaut AM, Hedou E, Marciniak SJ, Vivien D, Roussel BD. Proteostasis During Cerebral Ischemia. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:637. [PMID: 31275110 PMCID: PMC6594416 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a complex pathology involving a cascade of cellular mechanisms, which deregulate proteostasis and lead to neuronal death. Proteostasis refers to the equilibrium between protein synthesis, folding, transport, and protein degradation. Within the brain proteostasis plays key roles in learning and memory by controlling protein synthesis and degradation. Two important pathways are implicated in the regulation of proteostasis: the unfolded protein response (UPR) and macroautophagy (called hereafter autophagy). Both are necessary for cell survival, however, their over-activation in duration or intensity can lead to cell death. Moreover, UPR and autophagy can activate and potentiate each other to worsen the issue of cerebral ischemia. A better understanding of autophagy and ER stress will allow the development of therapeutic strategies for stroke, both at the acute phase and during recovery. This review summarizes the latest therapeutic advances implicating ER stress or autophagy in cerebral ischemia. We argue that the processes governing proteostasis should be considered together in stroke, rather than focusing either on ER stress or autophagy in isolation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Thiebaut
- INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, University of Caen Normandy, Caen, France
| | - Elodie Hedou
- INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, University of Caen Normandy, Caen, France
| | - Stefan J Marciniak
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Denis Vivien
- INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, University of Caen Normandy, Caen, France.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Caen Normandy, Caen, France
| | - Benoit D Roussel
- INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, University of Caen Normandy, Caen, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mohamed SK, Ahmed AAE, Elmorsy EM, Nofal S. ERK activation by zeranol has neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Life Sci 2019; 227:137-144. [PMID: 31005550 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Incidence of stroke increases in postmenopausal women with dangerous consequences. In this study we used zeranol to protect ovariectomized (OVX) rats against cerebral I/R damage and our target is to identify the mechanism of its protection, in addition to investigating whether this mechanism inhibits inflammation (by preventing glial cell activation) and apoptosis. MAIN METHODS First 18 ovariectomized rats were allocated into 3 groups: I/R group, zeranol+ I/R group and U0126, MEK1/2 inhibitor + zeranol+ I/R group. After 24 h reperfusion, protein expression of total extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (t-ERK1/2), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK1/2), Bcl-2, and Bax were quantified. Second 36 female rats were allocated into 3 groups: sham group, I/R group (after ovariectomy by 7 weeks, rats exposed to cerebral I/R) and zeranol group (after ovariectomy by 2 weeks, rats received zeranol for 5 weeks). After 24 h of reperfusion, the following parameters were measured; total nitrate/nitrite, interleukin-10, myeloperoxidase, caspase-3, and finally immunohistochemistry analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein, cyclooxygenase-2 in cortex and hippocampus (CA1) regions were performed. KEY FINDINGS U-0126 administration reversed the neuroprotective effect induced by zeranol through decreasing ratio of p-ERK1/2:ERK1/2 and Bcl-2/Bax in brain tissue. Activation of ERK signaling pathway by zeranol caused reduction in brain apoptosis and inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE Zeranol showed protective effect in OVX rats that were exposed to cerebral I/R by activation of ERK signaling pathway which was blocked by U0126. This protective effect in turns led to decrease inflammation and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa K Mohamed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Amany A E Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Engy M Elmorsy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahira Nofal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang J, Wu D, Wang H. Hydrogen sulfide plays an important protective role by influencing autophagy in diseases. Physiol Res 2019; 68:335-345. [PMID: 30904008 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy can regulate cell growth, proliferation, and stability of cell environment. Its dysfunction can be involved in a variety of diseases. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is an important signaling molecule that regulates many physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies indicate that H(2)S plays an important protective role in many diseases through influencing autophagy, but its mechanism is not fully understood. This article reviewed the progress about the effect of H(2)S on autophagy in diseases in recent years in order to provide theoretical basis for the further research on the interaction of H(2)S and autophagy and the mechanisms involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wu D, Zhong P, Wang J, Wang H. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide mitigates LPS + ATP-induced inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and promoting autophagy in L02 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 457:145-156. [PMID: 30877511 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate whether exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) could mitigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)-induced inflammation by inhibiting nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and promoting autophagy in L02 cells. We stimulated L02 cells with different concentrations of LPS, then the cell viability, cell apoptosis, and the protein level of NLRP3 inflammasome were detected by MTT and western blot to determine the appropriate LPS concentration used in this study. The cells were divided into 4 group: the cells in control group were cultured with RPMI-1640 for 23.5 h; the cells in LPS + ATP group were cultured with RPMI-1640 for 0.5 h, then were stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 18 h followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP for 5 h; the cells in Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) + LPS + ATP group were pretreated with NaHS for 0.5 h before exposure to LPS for 18 h and ATP for 5 h; the cells in NaHS group were treated with NaHS for 0.5 h, then were cultured with RPMI-1640 for 23 h. Subsequently, the cells in each group were collected, the protein levels of NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1, P62, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), LC3, Beclin-1, and interleukin (IL)-1 beta (β) were detected by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results showed that exogenous H2S reduced the protein levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, TLR4, NF-κB, P62, and IL-1β induced by LPS + ATP and increased the ratio of LC3-II/I and the protein levels of Beclin 1 suppressed by LPS + ATP. This study demonstrated that H2S might suppress LPS + ATP-induced inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting autophagy. In conclusion, H2S might have potential applications in the treatment of aseptic hepatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Peiyu Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhou H, Wang X, Ma L, Deng A, Wang S, Chen X. FoxO3 transcription factor promotes autophagy after transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Int J Neurosci 2019; 129:738-745. [PMID: 30595062 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2018.1564290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Autophagy was activated after cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of autophagy in cerebral I/R injury were not completely understood. Studies reported that Forked-box class O (FoxO) transcription factors involved in autophagy and might be the regulator of autophagy in multiple cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of FoxO3 on regulating autophagy after cerebral I/R injury. Materials and methods: Rats were subjected to MCAO for 2 h and reperfusion for different times, western blot was used to examine the expression of p-FoxO3, FoxO3 and the autophagic marker LC3 and Beclin-1 in penumbral region. Then rats were injected with WT-FoxO3 or TM-FoxO3 adenovirus by lateral cerebral ventricle to increase the function of FoxO3, western blot was used to examine the expression of LC3 and Beclin-1 in penumbral region. TTC and HE staining were used to evaluate the effects of increased FoxO3 activation on I/R induced brain damage. Results: Our studies showed that I/R injury resulted in induction of autophagy in penumbral brain tissue with concomitant dephosphorylation of FoxO3, consistent with increased activity of nuclear FoxO3 transcription factor. Increased FoxO3 activation led to autophagy significantly increased and had a protective effects on I/R injury. Conclusion: These data revealed an important role of FoxO3 in regulating autophagy in brain, and provided a new approach for further prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Zhou
- a Department of Neurology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , Nantong , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- b Basic Medical Research Centre, Medical School , Nantong University , Nantong , People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Ma
- b Basic Medical Research Centre, Medical School , Nantong University , Nantong , People's Republic of China
| | - Aiqing Deng
- c Department of Pharmacy , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , Nantong , People's Republic of China
| | - Shouyan Wang
- b Basic Medical Research Centre, Medical School , Nantong University , Nantong , People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Chen
- b Basic Medical Research Centre, Medical School , Nantong University , Nantong , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang SQ, Jiang L, Lan F, Wei HJ, Xie M, Zou W, Zhang P, Wang CY, Xie YR, Tang XQ. Inhibited Endogenous H 2S Generation and Excessive Autophagy in Hippocampus Contribute to Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Front Psychol 2019; 10:53. [PMID: 30733697 PMCID: PMC6353847 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sleep deprivation (SD) causes deficit of cognition, but the mechanisms remain to be fully established. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in the formation of cognition, while excessive and prolonged autophagy in hippocampus triggers cognitive disorder. In this work, we proposed that disturbances in hippocampal endogenous H2S generation and autophagy might be involved in SD-induced cognitive impairment. Methods: After treatment of adult male wistar rats with 72-h SD, the Y-maze test, object location test (OLT), novel object recognition test (NORT) and the Morris water maze (MWM) test were performed to determine the cognitive function. The autophagosome formation was observed with electron microscope. Generation of endogenous H2S in the hippocampus of rats was detected using unisense H2S microsensor method. The expressions of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST), beclin-1, light chain LC3 II/LC3 I, and p62 in the hippocampus were assessed by western blotting. Results: The Y-maze, OLT, NORT, and MWM test demonstrated that SD-exposed rats exhibited cognitive dysfunction. SD triggered the elevation of hippocampal autophagy as evidenced by enhancement of autophagosome, up-regulations of beclin-1 and LC3 II/LC3 I, and down-regulation of p62. Meanwhile, the generation of endogenous H2S and the expressions of CBS and 3-MST (H2S producing enzyme) in the hippocampus of SD-treated rats were reduced. Conclusion: These results suggested that inhibition of endogenous H2S generation and excessiveness of autophagy in hippocampus are involved in SD-induced cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- San-Qiao Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fang Lan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hai-Jun Wei
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ming Xie
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Zou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Chun-Yan Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yu-Rong Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Tang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wen JY, Wang M, Li YN, Jiang HH, Sun XJ, Chen ZW. Vascular Protection of Hydrogen Sulfide on Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Front Neurol 2018; 9:779. [PMID: 30405510 PMCID: PMC6203172 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to demonstrate the vascular protection of exogenous and endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The effect of H2S on cerebrovascular dysfunction in middle cerebral artery (MCA) and neuronal damage were measured after cerebral I/R induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in cystathionine c-lyase (CSE) knockdown and wild-type rats. The effect of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, donor of exogenous H2S), L-cysteine (L-Cys, substrate of endogenous H2S), and endothelium cells on the responses of isolated MCA derived from non-ischemic rats was also evaluated to assess the underlying mechanism of H2S-mediate cerebral vasodilation. The results revealed that the contraction and dilation of MCA profoundly decreased after cerebral I/R. The vascular dysfunction became more grievous in CSE knockdown rats than in wild-type rats. Interestingly, this vascular dysfunction was significantly alleviated by NaHS supplementation. Moreover, both NaHS and L-cysteine could induce remarkable relaxation in the isolated MCA, which was eliminated by co-application of potassium channel blockers ChTx and Apamin, or endothelial removal. By contrast, adding endothelium cells cultured in vitro together with ACh into the luminal perfusate could mimic non-NO and non-PGI2 relaxation in endothelium-denuded MCA, once CSE was knocked down from endothelium cells, and its effect on vasorelaxation was abolished. Furthermore, the indexes of neuronal injury were measured after cerebral I/R to confirm the neuroprotection of H2S, and we found that the neurological scores, cerebral infarction volume, brain water content, malondialdehyde content, and serum lactate dehydrogenase activity (a marker of cellular membrane integrity) were significantly higher in CSE knockdown rats than in normal control rats. It is not surprising that NaHS could alleviate the cerebral injury. These findings revealed that H2S has a protective effect on cerebral I/R injury via its upregulation of the endothelium-dependent contraction and dilation function of cerebral vessels, which may be related to activating potassium channel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yue Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui-Hui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuan-Jun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Wu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ferrucci M, Biagioni F, Ryskalin L, Limanaqi F, Gambardella S, Frati A, Fornai F. Ambiguous Effects of Autophagy Activation Following Hypoperfusion/Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092756. [PMID: 30217100 PMCID: PMC6163197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy primarily works to counteract nutrient deprivation that is strongly engaged during starvation and hypoxia, which happens in hypoperfusion. Nonetheless, autophagy is slightly active even in baseline conditions, when it is useful to remove aged proteins and organelles. This is critical when the mitochondria and/or proteins are damaged by toxic stimuli. In the present review, we discuss to that extent the recruitment of autophagy is beneficial in counteracting brain hypoperfusion or, vice-versa, its overactivity may per se be detrimental for cell survival. While analyzing these opposite effects, it turns out that the autophagy activity is likely not to be simply good or bad for cell survival, but its role varies depending on the timing and amount of autophagy activation. This calls for the need for an appropriate autophagy tuning to guarantee a beneficial effect on cell survival. Therefore, the present article draws a theoretical pattern of autophagy activation, which is hypothesized to define the appropriate timing and intensity, which should mirrors the duration and severity of brain hypoperfusion. The need for a fine tuning of the autophagy activation may explain why confounding outcomes occur when autophagy is studied using a rather simplistic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Ferrucci
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Larisa Ryskalin
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang Y, Miao JM. Ginkgolide K promotes astrocyte proliferation and migration after oxygen-glucose deprivation via inducing protective autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 832:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
47
|
Curcumin attenuates cerebral ischemia injury in Sprague–Dawley rats and PC12 cells by suppressing overactivated autophagy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 184:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
48
|
Role of Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide in Ischemic Stroke and the Emergent Epigenetic Underpinnings. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1749-1769. [PMID: 29926377 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1141-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are the key gasotransmitters with an imperious role in the maintenance of cerebrovascular homeostasis. A decline in their levels contributes to endothelial dysfunction that portends ischemic stroke (IS) or cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R). Nevertheless, their exorbitant production during CI/R is associated with exacerbation of cerebrovascular injury in the post-stroke epoch. NO-producing nitric oxide synthases are implicated in IS pathology and their activity is regulated, inter alia, by various post-translational modifications and chromatin-based mechanisms. These account for heterogeneous alterations in NO production in a disease setting like IS. Interestingly, NO per se has been posited as an endogenous epigenetic modulator. Further, there is compelling evidence for an ingenious crosstalk between NO and H2S in effecting the canonical (direct) and non-canonical (off-target collateral) functions. In this regard, NO-mediated S-nitrosylation and H2S-mediated S-sulfhydration of specific reactive thiols in an expanding array of target proteins are the principal modalities mediating the all-pervasive influence of NO and H2S on cell fate in an ischemic brain. An integrated stress response subsuming unfolded protein response and autophagy to cellular stressors like endoplasmic reticulum stress, in part, is entrenched in such signaling modalities that substantiate the role of NO and H2S in priming the cells for stress response. The precis presented here provides a comprehension on the multifarious actions of NO and H2S and their epigenetic underpinnings, their crosstalk in maintenance of cerebrovascular homeostasis, and their "Janus bifrons" effect in IS milieu together with plausible therapeutic implications.
Collapse
|
49
|
Yang G, Wang N, Seto SW, Chang D, Liang H. Hydroxysafflor yellow a protects brain microvascular endothelial cells against oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury: Involvement of inhibiting autophagy via class I PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:243-257. [PMID: 29775658 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to test whether Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) protects the brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) injury induced by oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR autophagy signaling pathway. Primary rat BMECs were cultured and identified by the expression of factor VIII-related antigen before being exposed to OGD/R to imitate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage in vitro. The protective effect of HSYA was evaluated by assessing (1) cellular morphologic and ultrastructural changes; (2) cell viability and cytotoxicity; (3) transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) of monolayer BMECs; (4) cell apoptosis; (5) fluorescence intensity of LC3B; (6) LC3 mRNA expression; (7) protein expressions of LC3, Beclin-1, Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), phospho-Akt (p-Akt), Akt, phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) and mTOR. It was found that HSYA (20, 40, and 80 μM) and 3-MA effectively reversed the cellular morphological and ultrastructural changes, increased cell survival, normalized the permeability of BMECs, and suppressed apoptosis induced by OGD/R (2 h OGD followed by 24 h reoxygenation). Concurrently, HSYA and 3-MA also inhibited OGD/R-induced autophagy evidenced by the decreased number of autophagosomes and down-regulated levels of LC3 and Beclin-1 proteins and mRNAs. HSYA (80 μM), in combination with 3-MA showed a synergistic effect. Mechanistic studies revealed that HSYA (80 μM) markedly increased the levels of p-Akt and p-mTOR proteins. Blockade of PI3K activity by ZSTK474 abolished its anti-autophagic and pro-survival effect and lowered both Akt and mTOR phosphorylation levels. Taken together, these results suggest that HSYA protects BMECs against OGD/R-induced injury by inhibiting autophagy via the Class I PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230012, China; National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Sai Wang Seto
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Huangzheng Liang
- School of Medical, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wang P, Shao BZ, Deng Z, Chen S, Yue Z, Miao CY. Autophagy in ischemic stroke. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 163-164:98-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|