1
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Bassani CL, van Anders G, Banin U, Baranov D, Chen Q, Dijkstra M, Dimitriyev MS, Efrati E, Faraudo J, Gang O, Gaston N, Golestanian R, Guerrero-Garcia GI, Gruenwald M, Haji-Akbari A, Ibáñez M, Karg M, Kraus T, Lee B, Van Lehn RC, Macfarlane RJ, Mognetti BM, Nikoubashman A, Osat S, Prezhdo OV, Rotskoff GM, Saiz L, Shi AC, Skrabalak S, Smalyukh II, Tagliazucchi M, Talapin DV, Tkachenko AV, Tretiak S, Vaknin D, Widmer-Cooper A, Wong GCL, Ye X, Zhou S, Rabani E, Engel M, Travesset A. Nanocrystal Assemblies: Current Advances and Open Problems. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38814908 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We explore the potential of nanocrystals (a term used equivalently to nanoparticles) as building blocks for nanomaterials, and the current advances and open challenges for fundamental science developments and applications. Nanocrystal assemblies are inherently multiscale, and the generation of revolutionary material properties requires a precise understanding of the relationship between structure and function, the former being determined by classical effects and the latter often by quantum effects. With an emphasis on theory and computation, we discuss challenges that hamper current assembly strategies and to what extent nanocrystal assemblies represent thermodynamic equilibrium or kinetically trapped metastable states. We also examine dynamic effects and optimization of assembly protocols. Finally, we discuss promising material functions and examples of their realization with nanocrystal assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos L Bassani
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Greg van Anders
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Uri Banin
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Dmitry Baranov
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Qian Chen
- University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Marjolein Dijkstra
- Soft Condensed Matter & Biophysics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael S Dimitriyev
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Efi Efrati
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Jordi Faraudo
- Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oleg Gang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Nicola Gaston
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ramin Golestanian
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI-DS), 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| | - G Ivan Guerrero-Garcia
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78295 San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Michael Gruenwald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Amir Haji-Akbari
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Maria Ibáñez
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Matthias Karg
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM - Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarland University, Colloid and Interface Chemistry, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Reid C Van Lehn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53717, USA
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Bortolo M Mognetti
- Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arash Nikoubashman
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Saeed Osat
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI-DS), 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Grant M Rotskoff
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Leonor Saiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - An-Chang Shi
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Sara Skrabalak
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Ivan I Smalyukh
- Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City 739-0046, Japan
| | - Mario Tagliazucchi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Alexei V Tkachenko
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - David Vaknin
- Iowa State University and Ames Lab, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Asaph Widmer-Cooper
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Gerard C L Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xingchen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department of Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - Eran Rabani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center of Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Michael Engel
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alex Travesset
- Iowa State University and Ames Lab, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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2
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Carr AD, Ruppert C, Samusev AK, Magnabosco G, Vogel N, Linnik TL, Rushforth AW, Bayer M, Scherbakov AV, Akimov AV. Enhanced Photon-Phonon Interaction in WSe 2 Acoustic Nanocavities. ACS PHOTONICS 2024; 11:1147-1155. [PMID: 38523745 PMCID: PMC10958595 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Acoustic nanocavities (ANCs) with resonance frequencies much above 1 GHz are prospective to be exploited in sensors and quantum operating devices. Nowadays, acoustic nanocavities fabricated from van der Waals (vdW) nanolayers allow them to exhibit resonance frequencies of the breathing acoustic mode up to f ∼ 1 THz and quality factors up to Q ∼ 103. For such high acoustic frequencies, electrical methods fail, and optical techniques are used for the generation and detection of coherent phonons. Here, we study experimentally acoustic nanocavities fabricated from WSe2 layers with thicknesses from 8 up to 130 nm deposited onto silica colloidal crystals. The substrate provides a strong mechanical support for the layers while keeping their acoustic properties the same as in membranes. We concentrate on experimental and theoretical studies of the amplitude of the optically measured acoustic signal from the breathing mode, which is the most important characteristic for acousto-optical devices. We probe the acoustic signal optically with a single wavelength in the vicinity of the exciton resonance and measure the relative changes in the reflectivity induced by coherent phonons up to 3 × 10-4 for f ∼ 100 GHz. We reveal the enhancement of photon-phonon interaction for a wide range of acoustic frequencies and show high sensitivity of the signal amplitude to the photoelastic constants governed by the deformation potential and dielectric function for photon energies near the exciton resonance. We also reveal a resonance in the photoelastic response (we call it photoelastic resonance) in the nanolayers with thickness close to the Bragg condition. The estimates show the capability of acoustic nanocavities with an exciton resonance for operations with high-frequency single phonons at an elevated temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex D. Carr
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United
Kingdom
| | - Claudia Ruppert
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anton K. Samusev
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Giulia Magnabosco
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tetiana L. Linnik
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Department
of Theoretical Physics, V.E. Lashkaryov
Institute of Semiconductor Physics, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Andrew W. Rushforth
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United
Kingdom
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexey V. Scherbakov
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andrey V. Akimov
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United
Kingdom
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3
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Vialetto J, Camerin F, Ramakrishna SN, Zaccarelli E, Isa L. Exploring the 3D Conformation of Hard-Core Soft-Shell Particles Adsorbed at a Fluid Interface. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303404. [PMID: 37541434 PMCID: PMC10558683 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The encapsulation of a rigid core within a soft polymeric shell allows obtaining composite colloidal particles that retain functional properties, e.g., optical or mechanical. At the same time, it favors their adsorption at fluid interfaces with a tunable interaction potential to realize tailored two-dimensional (2D) materials. Although they have already been employed for 2D assembly, the conformation of single particles, which is essential to define the monolayer properties, has been largely inferred via indirect or ex situ techniques. Here, by means of in situ atomic force microscopy experiments, the authors uncover the interfacial morphology of hard-core soft-shell microgels, integrating the data with numerical simulations to elucidate the role of the core properties, of the shell thicknesses, and that of the grafting density. They identify that the hard core can influence the conformation of the polymer shells. In particular, for the case of small shell thickness, low grafting density, or poor core affinity for water, the core protrudes more into the organic phase, and the authors observe a decrease in-plane stretching of the network at the interface. By rationalizing their general wetting behavior, such composite particles can be designed to exhibit specific inter-particle interactions of importance both for the stabilization of interfaces and for the fabrication of 2D materials with tailored functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Vialetto
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and InterfacesDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
- Present address:
Department of Chemistry & CSGIUniversity of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3Sesto FiorentinoFirenzeI‐50019Italy
| | - Fabrizio Camerin
- CNR Institute for Complex SystemsUos SapienzaP.le A. Moro 2Roma00185Italy
- Department of PhysicsSapienza University of RomeP.le A. Moro 2Roma00185Italy
- Soft Condensed Matter & BiophysicsDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityPrincetonplein 1CC Utrecht3584The Netherlands
| | - Shivaprakash N. Ramakrishna
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and InterfacesDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Emanuela Zaccarelli
- CNR Institute for Complex SystemsUos SapienzaP.le A. Moro 2Roma00185Italy
- Department of PhysicsSapienza University of RomeP.le A. Moro 2Roma00185Italy
| | - Lucio Isa
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and InterfacesDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
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4
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Kuk K, Abgarjan V, Gregel L, Zhou Y, Carrasco Fadanelli V, Buttinoni I, Karg M. Compression of colloidal monolayers at liquid interfaces: in situ vs. ex situ investigation. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:175-188. [PMID: 36426847 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01125e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of colloidal particles at liquid/liquid or air/liquid interfaces is a versatile procedure to create microstructured monolayers and study their behavior under compression. When combined with soft and deformable particles such as microgels, compression is used to tune not only the interparticle distance but also the underlying microstructure of the monolayer. So far, the great majority of studies on microgel-laden interfaces are conducted ex situ after transfer to solid substrates, for example, via Langmuir-Blodgett deposition. This type of analysis relies on the stringent assumption that the microstructure is conserved during transfer and subsequent drying. In this work, we couple a Langmuir trough to a custom-built small-angle light scattering setup to monitor colloidal monolayers in situ during compression. By comparing the results with ex situ and in situ microscopy measurements, we conclude that Langmuir-Blodgett deposition can alter the structural properties of the colloidal monolayers significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keumkyung Kuk
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Vahan Abgarjan
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Lukas Gregel
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Yichu Zhou
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Virginia Carrasco Fadanelli
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik der kondensierten Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ivo Buttinoni
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik der kondensierten Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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5
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Menath J, Mohammadi R, Grauer JC, Deters C, Böhm M, Liebchen B, Janssen LMC, Löwen H, Vogel N. Acoustic Crystallization of 2D Colloidal Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206593. [PMID: 36281801 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
2D colloidal crystallization provides a simple strategy to produce defined nanostructure arrays over macroscopic areas. Regularity and long-range order of such crystals is essential to ensure functionality, but difficult to achieve in self-assembling systems. Here, a simple loudspeaker setup for the acoustic crystallization of 2D colloidal crystals (ACDC) of polystyrene, microgels, and core-shell particles at liquid interfaces is introduced. This setup anneals an interfacial colloidal monolayer and affords an increase in average grain size by almost two orders of magnitude. The order is characterized via the structural color of the colloidal crystal, the acoustic annealing process is optimized via the frequency and the amplitude of the applied sound wave, and its efficiency is rationalized via the surface coverage-dependent interactions within the interfacial colloidal monolayer. Computer simulations show that multiple rearrangement mechanisms at different length scales, from the local motion around voids to grain boundary movements via consecutive particle rotations around common centers, collude to remove defects. The experimentally simple ACDC process, paired with the demonstrated applicability toward complex particle systems, provides access to highly defined nanostructure arrays for a wide range of research communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Menath
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jens Christian Grauer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics II: Soft Matter, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudius Deters
- Institute for Theoretical Physics II: Soft Matter, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maike Böhm
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benno Liebchen
- Institute of Physics: Theory of Soft Matter, Technical University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 12, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Liesbeth M C Janssen
- Soft Matter and Biological Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institute for Theoretical Physics II: Soft Matter, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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6
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Feller D, Karg M. Fluid interface-assisted assembly of soft microgels: recent developments for structures beyond hexagonal packing. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6301-6312. [PMID: 35993260 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00872f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microgels adsorb to air/water and oil/water interfaces - a process driven by a significant reduction in interfacial tension. Depending on the available interface area per microgel, strong lateral deformation can be observed. Typically, hexagonally ordered structures appear spontaneously upon contact of the microgel shells. Transfer from the interface to solid substrates gives access to macroscopically sized microgel monolayers that are interesting for photonic and plasmonic studies as well as colloid-based lithography, for example. Significant efforts have been made to understand the phase behavior of microgels at different interfaces and to explore the available parameter space for achieving complex tessellations. In this review, we will discuss the most recent developments in the realization of microgel monolayers with structures beyond hexagonal packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Feller
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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7
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Tonkaev P, Sinev IS, Rybin MV, Makarov SV, Kivshar Y. Multifunctional and Transformative Metaphotonics with Emerging Materials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15414-15449. [PMID: 35549165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Future technologies underpinning multifunctional physical and chemical systems and compact biological sensors will rely on densely packed transformative and tunable circuitry employing nanophotonics. For many years, plasmonics was considered as the only available platform for subwavelength optics, but the recently emerged field of resonant metaphotonics may provide a versatile practical platform for nanoscale science by employing resonances in high-index dielectric nanoparticles and metasurfaces. Here, we discuss the recently emerged field of metaphotonics and describe its connection to material science and chemistry. For tunabilty, metaphotonics employs a variety of the recently highlighted materials such as polymers, perovskites, transition metal dichalcogenides, and phase change materials. This allows to achieve diverse functionalities of metasystems and metasurfaces for efficient spatial and temporal control of light by employing multipolar resonances and the physics of bound states in the continuum. We anticipate expanding applications of these concepts in nanolasers, tunable metadevices, metachemistry, as well as a design of a new generation of chemical and biological ultracompact sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Tonkaev
- Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.,School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Ivan S Sinev
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Rybin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia.,Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Sergey V Makarov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.,School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
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8
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Hildebrandt M, Lazarev S, Pérez J, Vartanyants IA, Meijer JM, Karg M. SAXS Investigation of Core–Shell Microgels with High Scattering Contrast Cores: Access to Structure Factor and Volume Fraction. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Hildebrandt
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sergey Lazarev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Javier Pérez
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Ivan A. Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Janne-Mieke Meijer
- Department of Applied Physics and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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9
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Lapkin D, Mukharamova N, Assalauova D, Dubinina S, Stellhorn J, Westermeier F, Lazarev S, Sprung M, Karg M, Vartanyants IA, Meijer JM. In situ characterization of crystallization and melting of soft, thermoresponsive microgels by small-angle X-ray scattering. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1591-1602. [PMID: 34994372 PMCID: PMC8864529 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01537k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Depending on the volume fraction and interparticle interactions, colloidal suspensions can form different phases, ranging from fluids, crystals, and glasses to gels. For soft microgels that are made from thermoresponsive polymers, the volume fraction can be tuned by temperature, making them excellent systems to experimentally study phase transitions in dense colloidal suspensions. However, investigations of phase transitions at high particle concentration and across the volume phase transition temperature in particular, are challenging due to the deformability and possibility for interpenetration between microgels. Here, we investigate the dense phases of composite core-shell microgels that have a small gold core and a thermoresponsive microgel shell. Employing Ultra Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, we make use of the strong scattering signal from the gold cores with respect to the almost negligible signal from the shells. By changing the temperature we study the freezing and melting transitions of the system in situ. Using Bragg peak analysis and the Williamson-Hall method, we characterize the phase transitions in detail. We show that the system crystallizes into an rhcp structure with different degrees of in-plane and out-of-plane stacking disorder that increase upon particle swelling. We further find that the melting process is distinctly different, where the system separates into two different crystal phases with different melting temperatures and interparticle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Lapkin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Svetlana Dubinina
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy Per. 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Jens Stellhorn
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Fabian Westermeier
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sergey Lazarev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU), Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Michael Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ivan A Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Janne-Mieke Meijer
- Department of Applied Physics and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 19, 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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10
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Menath J, Eatson J, Brilmayer R, Andrieu-Brunsen A, Buzza DMA, Vogel N. Defined core-shell particles as the key to complex interfacial self-assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2113394118. [PMID: 34949640 PMCID: PMC8719876 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113394118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The two-dimensional self-assembly of colloidal particles serves as a model system for fundamental studies of structure formation and as a powerful tool to fabricate functional materials and surfaces. However, the prevalence of hexagonal symmetries in such self-assembling systems limits its structural versatility. More than two decades ago, Jagla demonstrated that core-shell particles with two interaction length scales can form complex, nonhexagonal minimum energy configurations. Based on such Jagla potentials, a wide variety of phases including cluster lattices, chains, and quasicrystals have been theoretically discovered. Despite the elegance of this approach, its experimental realization has remained largely elusive. Here, we capitalize on the distinct interfacial morphology of soft particles to design two-dimensional assemblies with structural complexity. We find that core-shell particles consisting of a silica core surface functionalized with a noncrosslinked polymer shell efficiently spread at a liquid interface to form a two-dimensional polymer corona surrounding the core. We controllably grow such shells by iniferter-type controlled radical polymerization. Upon interfacial compression, the resulting core-shell particles arrange in well-defined dimer, trimer, and tetramer lattices before transitioning into complex chain and cluster phases. The experimental phase behavior is accurately reproduced by Monte Carlo simulations and minimum energy calculations, suggesting that the interfacial assembly interacts via a pairwise-additive Jagla-type potential. By comparing theory, simulation, and experiment, we narrow the Jagla g-parameter of the system to between 0.9 and 2. The possibility to control the interaction potential via the interfacial morphology provides a framework to realize structural features with unprecedented complexity from a simple, one-component system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Menath
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jack Eatson
- G. W. Gray Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Brilmayer
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Smart Membranes, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Smart Membranes, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Martin A Buzza
- G. W. Gray Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
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11
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Liu D, Xue C. Plasmonic Coupling Architectures for Enhanced Photocatalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005738. [PMID: 33891777 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic photocatalysis is a promising approach for solar energy transformation. Comparing with isolated metal nanoparticles, the plasmonic coupling architectures can provide further strengthened local electromagnetic field and boosted light-harvesting capability through optimal control over the composition, spacing, and orientation of individual nanocomponents. As such, when integrated with semiconductor photocatalysts, the coupled metal nanostructures can dramatically promote exciton generation and separation through plasmonic-coupling-driven charge/energy transfer toward superior photocatalytic efficiencies. Herein, the principles of the plasmonic coupling effect are presented and recent progress on the construction of plasmonic coupling architectures and their integration with semiconductors for enhanced photocatalytic reactions is summarized. In addition, the remaining challenges as to the rational design and utilization of plasmon coupling structures are elaborated, and some prospects to inspire new opportunities on the future development of plasmonic coupling structures for efficient and sustainable light-driven reactions are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Can Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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12
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Cai Z, Li Z, Ravaine S, He M, Song Y, Yin Y, Zheng H, Teng J, Zhang A. From colloidal particles to photonic crystals: advances in self-assembly and their emerging applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5898-5951. [PMID: 34027954 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, photonic crystals (PhCs) have attracted intense interests thanks to their broad potential applications in optics and photonics. Generally, these structures can be fabricated via either "top-down" lithographic or "bottom-up" self-assembly approaches. The self-assembly approaches have attracted particular attention due to their low cost, simple fabrication processes, relative convenience of scaling up, and the ease of creating complex structures with nanometer precision. The self-assembled colloidal crystals (CCs), which are good candidates for PhCs, have offered unprecedented opportunities for photonics, optics, optoelectronics, sensing, energy harvesting, environmental remediation, pigments, and many other applications. The creation of high-quality CCs and their mass fabrication over large areas are the critical limiting factors for real-world applications. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art techniques in the self-assembly of colloidal particles for the fabrication of large-area high-quality CCs and CCs with unique symmetries. The first part of this review summarizes the types of defects commonly encountered in the fabrication process and their effects on the optical properties of the resultant CCs. Next, the mechanisms of the formation of cracks/defects are discussed, and a range of versatile fabrication methods to create large-area crack/defect-free two-dimensional and three-dimensional CCs are described. Meanwhile, we also shed light on both the advantages and limitations of these advanced approaches developed to fabricate high-quality CCs. The self-assembly routes and achievements in the fabrication of CCs with the ability to open a complete photonic bandgap, such as cubic diamond and pyrochlore structure CCs, are discussed as well. Then emerging applications of large-area high-quality CCs and unique photonic structures enabled by the advanced self-assembly methods are illustrated. At the end of this review, we outlook the future approaches in the fabrication of perfect CCs and highlight their novel real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Cai
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China. and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117576, Singapore and Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Serge Ravaine
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mingxin He
- Department of Physics, Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Yanlin Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Hanbin Zheng
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
| | - Ao Zhang
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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13
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Ponomareva E, Volk K, Mulvaney P, Karg M. Surface Lattice Resonances in Self-Assembled Gold Nanoparticle Arrays: Impact of Lattice Period, Structural Disorder, and Refractive Index on Resonance Quality. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13601-13612. [PMID: 33147412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Surface lattice resonances are optical resonances composed of hybridized plasmonic and diffractive modes. These collective resonances occur in periodic arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles with wavelength-scale interparticle distances. The appearance and strength of surface lattice resonances strongly depend on the single particle localized surface plasmon resonance and its spectral overlap with the diffractive modes of the array. Coupling to in-plane orders of diffraction is also strongly affected by the refractive index environment and its symmetry. In this work, we address the impact of the interparticle distance, the symmetry of the refractive index environment, and structural imperfections in self-assembled colloidal monolayers on the plasmonic-diffractive coupling. For this purpose, we prepared hexagonally ordered, nonclose packed monolayers of gold nanoparticles using a fast and efficient, interface-mediated, colloidal self-assembly approach. By tuning the thickness and deformability of the polymer shells, we were able to prepare monolayers with a broad range of interparticle distances. The optical properties of the samples were studied experimentally by UV-Vis spectroscopy and theoretically by finite difference time domain simulations. The measured and simulated spectra allow a comprehensive analysis of the details of electromagnetic coupling in periodic plasmonic arrays. In particular, we identify relevant criteria required for surface lattice resonances in the visible wavelength range with optimized quality factors in self-assembled monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Ponomareva
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kirsten Volk
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paul Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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14
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Wei M, Xu W, Gao F, Li X, Carvalho WSP, Zhang X, Serpe MJ. Stimuli-responsive microgels for controlled deposition of gold nanoparticles on surfaces. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:5242-5253. [PMID: 36132044 PMCID: PMC9417113 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00656d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A variety of gold nanoparticle (AuNP) core/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) shell microgels (Au@pNIPAm) were generated using seed-mediated polymerization. The shell thickness and AuNP core diameter were easily tunable at the time of synthesis. The resultant Au@pNIPAm microgels were characterized via photon-correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. AuNP arrays were generated by "painting" the microgels on a surface, using the shell thickness to define the distance between the AuNPs, followed by shell removal via plasma etching. We found that when the pNIPAm shell thickness decreased (via its tuning at the time of synthesis or deposition at elevated temperature at which the shell is collapsed) the AuNPs were closer to one another. We also showed that via sequential deposition Au@pNIPAm microgels with different AuNP core sizes could be deposited on a single surface. The presented "painting protocol" offers a facile way to coat large area surfaces quickly which is not easily achievable using other approaches. We envision that this approach is extremely versatile, allowing a number of different nanomaterials embedded in pNIPAm shells to be deposited/patterned on surfaces. With the control over the deposition on the surface that we show here, we hope that the Au@pNIPAm microgels will find use in lithography/surface patterning applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglian Wei
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Wildemar S P Carvalho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Michael J Serpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton T6G 2G2 Canada
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15
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Grishina V, Vikhrenko V, Ciach A. Structural and Thermodynamic Peculiarities of Core-Shell Particles at Fluid Interfaces from Triangular Lattice Models. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 22:E1215. [PMID: 33286983 PMCID: PMC7711683 DOI: 10.3390/e22111215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A triangular lattice model for pattern formation by core-shell particles at fluid interfaces is introduced and studied for the particle to core diameter ratio equal to 3. Repulsion for overlapping shells and attraction at larger distances due to capillary forces are assumed. Ground states and thermodynamic properties are determined analytically and by Monte Carlo simulations for soft outer- and stiffer inner shells, with different decay rates of the interparticle repulsion. We find that thermodynamic properties are qualitatively the same for slow and for fast decay of the repulsive potential, but the ordered phases are stable for temperature ranges, depending strongly on the shape of the repulsive potential. More importantly, there are two types of patterns formed for fixed chemical potential-one for a slow and another one for a fast decay of the repulsion at small distances. In the first case, two different patterns-for example clusters or stripes-occur with the same probability for some range of the chemical potential. For a fixed concentration, an interface is formed between two ordered phases with the closest concentration, and the surface tension takes the same value for all stable interfaces. In the case of degeneracy, a stable interface cannot be formed for one out of four combinations of the coexisting phases, because of a larger surface tension. Our results show that by tuning the architecture of a thick polymeric shell, many different patterns can be obtained for a sufficiently low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Grishina
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering, Belarusian State Technological University, 13a Sverdlova Str., 220006 Minsk, Belarus; (V.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Vyacheslav Vikhrenko
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering, Belarusian State Technological University, 13a Sverdlova Str., 220006 Minsk, Belarus; (V.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Alina Ciach
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
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16
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Pattern detection in colloidal assembly: A mosaic of analysis techniques. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 284:102252. [PMID: 32971396 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of the morphology, identification of patterns and quantification of order encountered in colloidal assemblies is essential for several reasons. First of all, it is useful to compare different self-assembly methods and assess the influence of different process parameters on the final colloidal pattern. In addition, casting light on the structures formed by colloidal particles can help to get better insight into colloidal interactions and understand phase transitions. Finally, the growing interest in colloidal assemblies in materials science for practical applications going from optoelectronics to biosensing imposes a thorough characterization of the morphology of colloidal assemblies because of the intimate relationship between morphology and physical properties (e.g. optical and mechanical) of a material. Several image analysis techniques developed to investigate images (acquired via scanning electron microscopy, digital video microscopy and other imaging methods) provide variegated and complementary information on the colloidal structures under scrutiny. However, understanding how to use such image analysis tools to get information on the characteristics of the colloidal assemblies may represent a non-trivial task, because it requires the combination of approaches drawn from diverse disciplines such as image processing, computational geometry and computational topology and their application to a primarily physico-chemical process. Moreover, the lack of a systematic description of such analysis tools makes it difficult to select the ones more suitable for the features of the colloidal assembly under examination. In this review we provide a methodical and extensive description of real-space image analysis tools by explaining their principles and their application to the investigation of two-dimensional colloidal assemblies with different morphological characteristics.
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17
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Grishina VS, Vikhrenko VS, Ciach A. Triangular lattice models for pattern formation by core-shell particles with different shell thicknesses. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:405102. [PMID: 32498052 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triangular lattice models for pattern formation by hard-core soft-shell particles at interfaces are introduced and studied in order to determine the effect of the shell thickness and structure. In model I, we consider particles with hard-cores covered by shells of cross-linked polymeric chains. In model II, such inner shell is covered by a much softer outer shell. In both models, the hard cores can occupy sites of the triangular lattice, and nearest-neighbor repulsion following from overlapping shells is assumed. The capillary force is represented by the second or the fifth neighbor attraction in model I or II, respectively. Ground states with fixed chemical potentialμor with fixed fraction of occupied sitescare thoroughly studied. ForT> 0, theμ(c) isotherms, compressibility and specific heat are calculated by Monte Carlo simulations. In model II, 6 ordered periodic patterns occur in addition to 4 phases found in model I. These additional phases, however, are stable only at the phase coexistence lines at the (μ,T) diagram, which otherwise looks like the diagram of model I. In the canonical ensemble, these 6 phases and interfaces between them appear in model II for large intervals ofcand the number of possible patterns is much larger than in model I. We calculated line tensions for different interfaces, and found that the favorable orientation of the interface corresponds to its smoothest shape in both models.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Grishina
- Belarusian State Technological University, 13a Sverdlova str., 220006 Minsk, Belarus
| | - V S Vikhrenko
- Belarusian State Technological University, 13a Sverdlova str., 220006 Minsk, Belarus
| | - A Ciach
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
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18
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Tran VT, Lee DK, Kim J, Lee J, Tufa LT, Pham-Cong D, Kim CS, Lee J. Porosity-controllable magnetoplasmonic nanoparticles and their assembled arrays. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8453-8465. [PMID: 32239078 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01178a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Control of the chemical and physical properties of nanoscale colloids and their nanoassemblies remains a challenging issue for enhancing the performance and functionalities of nanodevices. In this study, we report a post-synthesis etching method to tailor the porosity of the Fe3O4 shells coating on Ag NPs, establishing a facile but effective approach to regulate the chemical and optical properties of the colloids and their assembled structures. As the shell porosity increases, the NPs are transformed, producing enhanced catalytic activity and the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) effect, which results from enhanced chemical diffusion into the Ag core. Magnetoplasmonic (MagPlas) one- (1D) and two- (2D) dimensional arrays fabricated using these porosity-controllable NPs exhibit intriguing plasmon properties that are strongly affected by the porosity of the particle shell. Furthermore, the bright coloration of the 2D arrays is tuned by changing the shell porosity or introducing an additional metallic layer. Such 1D and 2D porous MagPlas metastructures possessing Fe3O4 shells with tunable porosities are a fulcrum for developing recyclable catalysts and tunable optical filters with optimized activity, selectivity, and sensitivity, as well as color displays and sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Tan Tran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Ding T, Baumberg JJ. Thermo-responsive plasmonic systems: old materials with new applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1410-1416. [PMID: 36132316 PMCID: PMC9418901 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00800d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermo-responsive plasmonic systems of gold and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) have been actively studied for several decades but this system keeps reinventing itself, with new concepts and applications which seed new fields. In this minireview, we show the latest few years development and applications of this intriguing system. We start from the basic working principles of this puzzling system which shows different plasmon shifts for even slightly different chemistries. We then present its applications to colloidal actuation, plasmon/meta-film tuning, and bioimaging and sensing. Finally we briefly summarize and propose several promising applications of the ongoing effort in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
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20
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Quilis N, Hageneder S, Fossati S, Auer SK, Venugopalan P, Bozdogan A, Petri C, Moreno-Cencerrado A, Toca-Herrera JL, Jonas U, Dostalek J. UV-Laser Interference Lithography for Local Functionalization of Plasmonic Nanostructures with Responsive Hydrogel. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:3297-3305. [PMID: 32089762 PMCID: PMC7032879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b11059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach to local functionalization of plasmonic hotspots at gold nanoparticles with biofunctional moieties is reported. It relies on photocrosslinking and attachment of a responsive hydrogel binding matrix by the use of a UV interference field. A thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based (pNIPAAm) hydrogel with photocrosslinkable benzophenone groups and carboxylic groups for its postmodification was employed. UV-laser interference lithography with a phase mask configuration allowed for the generation of a high-contrast interference field that was used for the recording of periodic arrays of pNIPAAm-based hydrogel features with the size as small as 170 nm. These hydrogel arrays were overlaid and attached on the top of periodic arrays of gold nanoparticles, exhibiting a diameter of 130 nm and employed as a three-dimensional binding matrix in a plasmonic biosensor. Such a hybrid material was postmodified with ligand biomolecules and utilized for plasmon-enhanced fluorescence readout of an immunoassay. Additional enhancement of the fluorescence sensor signal by the collapse of the responsive hydrogel binding matrix that compacts the target analyte at the plasmonic hotspot is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor
Gisbert Quilis
- BioSensor
Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of
Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Simone Hageneder
- BioSensor
Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of
Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Stefan Fossati
- BioSensor
Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of
Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Simone K. Auer
- BioSensor
Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of
Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Priyamvada Venugopalan
- BioSensor
Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of
Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
- CEST
Kompetenzzentrum für elektrochemische Oberflächentechnologie
GmbH, TFZ, Wiener Neustadt, Viktor-Kaplan-Strasse 2, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Anil Bozdogan
- CEST
Kompetenzzentrum für elektrochemische Oberflächentechnologie
GmbH, TFZ, Wiener Neustadt, Viktor-Kaplan-Strasse 2, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Christian Petri
- Macromolecular
Chemistry, Department Chemistry-Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf Reichwein-Strasse 2, Siegen 57076, Germany
| | - Alberto Moreno-Cencerrado
- Institute
for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 11, Vienna 1190, Austria
| | - Jose Luis Toca-Herrera
- Institute
for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 11, Vienna 1190, Austria
| | - Ulrich Jonas
- Macromolecular
Chemistry, Department Chemistry-Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf Reichwein-Strasse 2, Siegen 57076, Germany
| | - Jakub Dostalek
- BioSensor
Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of
Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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21
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Dong Z, Zhu L, Zhang W, Huang R, Lv X, Jing X, Yang Z, Wang J, Qiu Y. Role of surface functionalities of nanoplastics on their transport in seawater-saturated sea sand. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113177. [PMID: 31521995 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The transport and retention of nanoplastics (NP, 200 nm nanopolystyrene) functionalized with surface carboxyl (NPC), sulfonic (NPS), low-density amino (negatively charged, NPA-), and high-density amino (positively charged, NPA+) groups in seawater-saturated sand with/without humic acid were examined to explore the role of NP surface functionalities. The mass percentages of NP recovered from the effluent (Meff) with a salinity of 35 practical salinity units (PSU) were ranked as follows: NPC (19.69%) > NPS (16.37%) > NPA+ (13.33%) > NPA- (9.78%). The homoaggregation of NPS and NPA- was observed in seawater. The transport of NPA- exhibited a ripening phenomenon (i.e., a decrease in the transport rate with time) due to the high attraction of NP with previously deposited NP, whereas monodispersed NPA+ presented a low Meff value because of the electrostatic attraction between NPA+ and negatively charged sand. Retention experiments showed that the majority of NPC, NPS and NPA+ accumulated in a monolayer on the sand surface, whereas NPA- accumulated in multiple layers. Suwannee River humic acid (SRHA) could remarkably improve the transportability of NPC, NPS, and NPA- by increasing steric repulsion. The strong attraction between NPA+ and the deposited NPA+ in the presence of SRHA triggered the weak ripening phenomenon. As seawater salinity decreased from 35 PSU to 3.5 PSU, the increase in electrostatic repulsion of NP-NP and NP-sand enhanced the transport of NPC, NPS, and NPA-, and the ripening of NPA- breakthrough curves disappeared. In deionized water, NPC, NPS, and NPA- achieved complete column breakthrough because the electrostatic repulsion between NP and sand intensified. However, the Meff values of NPA+ in 3.5 PSU seawater and deionized water presented limited increments of 15.49% and 23.67%, respectively. These results indicated that the fate of NP in sandy marine environments were strongly affected by NP surface functionalities, seawater salinity, and coexisting SRHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Rui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - XiangWei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xinyu Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhenglong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiading Campus, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Junliang Wang
- College of the Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yuping Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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22
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Harrer J, Rey M, Ciarella S, Löwen H, Janssen LMC, Vogel N. Stimuli-Responsive Behavior of PNiPAm Microgels under Interfacial Confinement. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:10512-10521. [PMID: 31304759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The volume phase transition of microgels is one of the most paradigmatic examples of stimuli-responsiveness, enabling a collapse from a highly swollen microgel state into a densely coiled state by an external stimulus. Although well characterized in bulk, it remains unclear how the phase transition is affected by the presence of a confining interface. Here, we demonstrate that the temperature-induced volume phase transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels, conventionally considered an intrinsic molecular property of the polymer, is in fact largely suppressed when the microgel is adsorbed to an air/liquid interface. We further observe a hysteresis in the core morphology and interfacial pressure between heating and cooling cycles. Our results, supported by molecular dynamics simulations, reveal that the dangling polymer chains of microgel particles, spread at the interface under the influence of surface tension, do not undergo any volume phase transition. The balance in free energy responsible for the volume phase transition is fundamentally altered by interfacial confinement. These results imply that important technological properties of such systems, including the temperature-induced destabilization of emulsions, do not occur via a decrease in the interfacial coverage of the microgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Harrer
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstrasse 4 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Marcel Rey
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstrasse 4 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Simone Ciarella
- Theory of Polymers and Soft Matter, Department of Applied Physics , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Liesbeth M C Janssen
- Theory of Polymers and Soft Matter, Department of Applied Physics , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstrasse 4 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
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23
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Sindram J, Volk K, Mulvaney P, Karg M. Silver Nanoparticle Gradient Arrays: Fluorescence Enhancement of Organic Dyes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8776-8783. [PMID: 31177782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles show pronounced extinction peaks in the visible wavelength range due to their localized surface plasmon resonances. The excitation of these resonances leads to strong confinement of electromagnetic energy at nanometer scales, which is critical for ultrasensitive, fluorescence-based detection of analytes. The strength and spatial distribution of this near-field zone depend on particle size, shape, and composition. To determine how these near-field effects depend on the particle size, we have prepared nanoparticle gradients on centimeter-scale substrates using a colloid-based approach. This plasmonic gradient is used to study the steady-state emission and fluorescence lifetime of a common organic dye that was embedded into the monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Sindram
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstraße 1 , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Kirsten Volk
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstraße 1 , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Paul Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science , The University of Melbourne , School of Chemistry, Parkville , VIC 3110 , Australia
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstraße 1 , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
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24
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One-step procedure for the preparation of functional polysaccharide/fatty acid multilayered coatings. Commun Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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25
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Karg M, Pich A, Hellweg T, Hoare T, Lyon LA, Crassous JJ, Suzuki D, Gumerov RA, Schneider S, Potemkin II, Richtering W. Nanogels and Microgels: From Model Colloids to Applications, Recent Developments, and Future Trends. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:6231-6255. [PMID: 30998365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanogels and microgels are soft, deformable, and penetrable objects with an internal gel-like structure that is swollen by the dispersing solvent. Their softness and the potential to respond to external stimuli like temperature, pressure, pH, ionic strength, and different analytes make them interesting as soft model systems in fundamental research as well as for a broad range of applications, in particular in the field of biological applications. Recent tremendous developments in their synthesis open access to systems with complex architectures and compositions allowing for tailoring microgels with specific properties. At the same time state-of-the-art theoretical and simulation approaches offer deeper understanding of the behavior and structure of nano- and microgels under external influences and confinement at interfaces or at high volume fractions. Developments in the experimental analysis of nano- and microgels have become particularly important for structural investigations covering a broad range of length scales relevant to the internal structure, the overall size and shape, and interparticle interactions in concentrated samples. Here we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art, recent developments as well as emerging trends in the field of nano- and microgels. The following aspects build the focus of our discussion: tailoring (multi)functionality through synthesis; the role in biological and biomedical applications; the structure and properties as a model system, e.g., for densely packed arrangements in bulk and at interfaces; as well as the theory and computer simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Karg
- Physical Chemistry I , Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf , 40204 Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI-Leibnitz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V. , 52056 Aachen , Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Thomas Hellweg
- Physical and Biophysical Chemistry , Bielefeld University , 33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L8 , Canada
| | - L Andrew Lyon
- Schmid College of Science and Technology , Chapman University , Orange , California 92866 , United States
| | - J J Crassous
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | | | - Rustam A Gumerov
- DWI-Leibnitz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V. , 52056 Aachen , Germany
- Physics Department , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119991 , Russian Federation
| | - Stefanie Schneider
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Igor I Potemkin
- DWI-Leibnitz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V. , 52056 Aachen , Germany
- Physics Department , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119991 , Russian Federation
- National Research South Ural State University , Chelyabinsk 454080 , Russian Federation
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
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26
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Volk K, Fitzgerald JPS, Karg M. In-Plane Surface Lattice and Higher Order Resonances in Self-Assembled Plasmonic Monolayers: From Substrate-Supported to Free-Standing Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:16096-16106. [PMID: 30945839 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Periodic arrays of plasmonic nanostructures are able to strongly confine light at the nanometer scale because of surface lattice resonances. These resonances are the result of electromagnetic coupling between single-particle localized surface plasmon resonances and Bragg resonances of the periodic lattice. Here, we investigate the effect of a finite size refractive index environment on the formation of surface lattice resonances by increasing the thickness of a polymer coating in nanometer-scale increments. Wet-chemically synthesized, spherical silver and gold nanoparticles with soft hydrogel shells are self-assembled into macroscopic, hexagonally ordered arrays on glass substrates using an interface-assisted approach. The resulting periodic plasmonic monolayers are subsequently coated by a polymer matching closely the refractive index of the glass support. The optical response of the plasmonic arrays is studied using far-field extinction spectroscopy and supported by numerical simulations. We show the formation of surface lattice resonances as well as higher order resonances in finite thickness polymer coatings. The resonance positions are determined by the interparticle spacing as well as the plasmonic material. Additionally, we demonstrate that a coating thickness of 450 nm is sufficient to support strong in-plane surface lattice resonances. This enables us to prepare macroscopic, free-standing polymer films with embedded plasmonic nanoparticle arrays, which feature strong surface lattice resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Volk
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstr. 1 , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Joseph P S Fitzgerald
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstr. 1 , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstr. 1 , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
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27
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Hummel MEJ, Stelling C, Kopera BAF, Nutz FA, Karg M, Retsch M, Förster S. Ordered Particle Arrays via a Langmuir Transfer Process: Access to Any Two-Dimensional Bravais Lattice. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:973-979. [PMID: 30472854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate how to directly transform a close-packed hexagonal colloidal monolayer into nonclose-packed particle arrays of any two-dimensional symmetry at the air/water interface. This major advancement in the field of nanoparticle self-assembly is based on a simple one-dimensional stretching step in combination with the particle array orientation. Our method goes far beyond existing strategies and allows access to all possible two-dimensional Bravais lattices. A key element of our work is the possibility to macroscopically stretch a particle array in a truly one-dimensional manner, which has not been possible up to now. We achieve this by stretching the nanoparticle array at an air/water interface during the transfer process. The degree of stretching is simply controlled by the wettability of the transfer substrate. To retain the symmetry of the transferred structure, the capillary forces upon drying have to be circumvented. We demonstrate two concepts based on thermal fixation for this. It allows for the first time to fabricate nonclose-packed, nonhexagonal colloidal monolayers on a macroscopic length scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam E J Hummel
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bayreuth , 95447 Bayreuth , Germany
- JCNS-1/ICS-1 , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Christian Stelling
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bayreuth , 95447 Bayreuth , Germany
| | - Bernd A F Kopera
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bayreuth , 95447 Bayreuth , Germany
| | - Fabian A Nutz
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bayreuth , 95447 Bayreuth , Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Physical Chemistry I , Heinrich-Heine-University , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Markus Retsch
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bayreuth , 95447 Bayreuth , Germany
| | - Stephan Förster
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bayreuth , 95447 Bayreuth , Germany
- JCNS-1/ICS-1 , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich , Germany
- Physical Chemistry , RWTH University , 52074 Aachen , Germany
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28
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Rey M, Yu T, Guenther R, Bley K, Vogel N. A Dirty Story: Improving Colloidal Monolayer Formation by Understanding the Effect of Impurities at the Air/Water Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:95-103. [PMID: 30543431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal monolayers are important tools to fabricate surface structures at the nanoscale. A typical monolayer fabrication strategy involves the self-assembly of colloidal building blocks at liquid interfaces, which are subsequently deposited on a solid substrate. Even though this process is well established, the resulting order of the particles within the colloidal monolayer differs between batches of colloidal particles and can even change with the age of the dispersion. In this study, we investigate the origins of this variation of monolayer quality for polystyrene particles synthesized by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. We correlate the interfacial behavior of the colloidal particles at the air/water interface on a Langmuir trough with the resulting quality of the monolayer after transfer to a solid substrate. We identify surface-active impurities as a major cause for a disturbed self-assembly of the colloidal particles. These impurities form during the particle synthesis and consist of copolymers of styrene, the comonomer acrylic acid, and sulfonate species from the initiator. We show that they can be removed by cleaning protocols to increase the monolayer quality. However, our experiments demonstrate that the impurities reappear over time even for cleaned dispersions, indicating desorption from the surface of the colloidal particles. We identify strategies to avoid the presence of the impurities at the air/water interface or to inhibit their effect on the self-assembly process. These simple guidelines improve the quality of the resulting colloidal monolayer, which is a prerequisite for the reliable fabrication of high-quality surface nanostructures from colloidal templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Rey
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstrasse 4 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Taotao Yu
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstrasse 4 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Roman Guenther
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstrasse 4 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Karina Bley
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstrasse 4 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstrasse 4 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
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29
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Fernández-Rodríguez MÁ, Elnathan R, Ditcovski R, Grillo F, Conley GM, Timpu F, Rauh A, Geisel K, Ellenbogen T, Grange R, Scheffold F, Karg M, Richtering W, Voelcker NH, Isa L. Tunable 2D binary colloidal alloys for soft nanotemplating. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22189-22195. [PMID: 30484471 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07059h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The realization of non-close-packed nanoscale patterns with multiple feature sizes and length scales via colloidal self-assembly is a highly challenging task. We demonstrate here the creation of a variety of tunable particle arrays by harnessing the sequential self-assembly and deposition of two differently sized microgel particles at the fluid-fluid interface. The two-step process is essential to achieve a library of 2D binary colloidal alloys, which are kinetically inaccessible by direct co-assembly. These versatile binary patterns can be exploited for a range of end-uses. Here we show that they can for instance be transferred to silicon substrates, where they act as masks for the metal-assisted chemical etching of binary arrays of vertically aligned silicon nanowires (VA-SiNWs) with fine geometrical control. In particular, continuous binary gradients in both NW spacing and height can be achieved. Notably, these binary VA-SiNW platforms exhibit interesting anti-reflective properties in the visible range, in agreement with simulations. The proposed strategy can also be used for the precise placement of metallic nanoparticles in non-close-packed arrays. Sequential depositions of soft particles enable therefore the exploration of complex binary patterns, e.g. for the future development of substrates for biointerfaces, catalysis and controlled wetting.
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30
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Vasudevan SA, Rauh A, Kröger M, Karg M, Isa L. Dynamics and Wetting Behavior of Core-Shell Soft Particles at a Fluid-Fluid Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15370-15382. [PMID: 30444370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the conformation, position, and dynamics of core-shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) composed of a silica core encapsulated in a cross-linked poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) shell at a water-oil interface for a systematic range of core sizes and shell thicknesses. We first present a free-energy model that we use to predict the CSNP wetting behavior at the interface as a function of its geometrical and compositional properties in the bulk phases, which is in good agreement with our experimental data. Remarkably, based on the knowledge of the polymer shell deformability, the equilibrium particle position relative to the interface plane, an often elusive experimental quantity, can be extracted by measuring its radial dimensions after adsorption. For all the systems studied here, the interfacial dimensions are always larger than in bulk and the particle core resides in a configuration, wherein it just touches the interface or is fully immersed in water. Moreover, the stretched shell induces a larger viscous drag at the interface, which appears to depend solely on the interfacial dimensions, irrespective of the portion of the CSNP surface exposed to the two fluids. Our findings indicate that tailoring the architecture of CSNPs can be used to control their properties at the interface, as of interest for applications including emulsion stabilization and nanopatterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddarth A Vasudevan
- Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft Matter and Assembly, Department of Materials , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Astrid Rauh
- Physical Chemistry I , University of Bayreuth , Universitätsstr. 30 , 95440 Bayreuth , Germany
- Physical Chemistry I , Heinrich-Heine-University , Universitätsstr. 1 , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Martin Kröger
- Polymer Physics, Department of Materials , ETH Zürich , Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Matthias Karg
- Physical Chemistry I , Heinrich-Heine-University , Universitätsstr. 1 , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Lucio Isa
- Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft Matter and Assembly, Department of Materials , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
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31
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Goerlitzer ESA, Klupp Taylor RN, Vogel N. Bioinspired Photonic Pigments from Colloidal Self-Assembly. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706654. [PMID: 29733481 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The natural world is a colorful environment. Stunning displays of coloration have evolved throughout nature to optimize camouflage, warning, and communication. The resulting flamboyant visual effects and remarkable dynamic properties, often caused by an intricate structural design at the nano- and microscale, continue to inspire scientists to unravel the underlying physics and to recreate the observed effects. Here, the methodologies to create bioinspired photonic pigments using colloidal self-assembly approaches are considered. The physics governing the interaction of light with structural features and natural examples of structural coloration are briefly introduced. It is then outlined how the self-assembly of colloidal particles, acting as wavelength-scale building blocks, can be particularly useful to replicate coloration from nature. Different coloration effects that result from the defined structure of the self-assembled colloids are introduced and it is highlighted how these optical properties can be translated into photonic pigments by modifications of the assembly processes. The importance of absorbing elements, as well as the role of surface chemistry and wettability to control structural coloration is discussed. Finally, approaches to integrate dynamic control of coloration into such self-assembled photonic pigments are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S A Goerlitzer
- Institute of Particle Technology and Advanced Materials and Processes Master Programme, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robin N Klupp Taylor
- Institute of Particle Technology and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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32
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Brasse Y, Müller MB, Karg M, Kuttner C, König TAF, Fery A. Magnetic and Electric Resonances in Particle-to-Film-Coupled Functional Nanostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:3133-3141. [PMID: 29256586 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the plasmonic coupling of metallic nanoparticles with continuous metal films by studying the effect of the particle-to-film distance, cavity geometry, and particle size. To efficiently screen these parameters, we fabricated a particle-to-film-coupled functional nanostructure for which the particle size and distance vary. We use gold-core/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-shell nanoparticles to self-assemble a monolayer of well-separated plasmonic particles, introduce a gradient in the nanoparticle size by an overgrowth process, and finally add a coupling metal film by evaporation. These assemblies are characterized using surface probing and optical methods to show localized magnetic and electric field enhancement. The results are in agreement with finite-difference time-domain modeling methods and calculations of the effective permeability and permittivity. Finally, we provide a proof of concept for dynamic tuning of the cavity size by swelling of the hydrogel layer. Thus, the tunability of the coupled resonance and the macroscopic self-assembly technique provides access to a cost-efficient library for magnetic and electric resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannic Brasse
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mareen B Müller
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth , Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Kuttner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias A F König
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Vasudevan SA, Rauh A, Barbera L, Karg M, Isa L. Stable in Bulk and Aggregating at the Interface: Comparing Core-Shell Nanoparticles in Suspension and at Fluid Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:886-895. [PMID: 28753321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal particles are extensively used to assemble materials from bulk suspensions or after adsorption and confinement at fluid interfaces (e.g., oil-water interfaces). Interestingly, and often underestimated, optimizing interactions for bulk assembly may not lead to the same behavior at fluid interfaces. In this work, we compare model composite nanoparticles with a silica core coated with a poly-N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel shell in bulk aqueous suspensions and after adsorption at an oil-water interface. Bulk properties are analyzed by confocal differential dynamic microscopy, a recently developed technique that allows one to simultaneously obtain structural and dynamical information up to high volume fractions. The results demonstrate excellent colloidal stability and the absence of aggregation in all cases. The behavior at the interface, investigated by a range of complementary approaches, is instead different. The same hydrogel shells that stabilize the particles in the bulk deform at the interface and induce attractive capillary interactions that lead to aggregation even at very low area fractions (surface coverage). Upon further compression of a particle-laden interface, a structural transition is observed where closely packed particle aggregates form. These findings emphasize the manifestation of different, and possibly unexpected, responses for sterically stabilized nanoparticles in the bulk and upon interfacial confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddarth A Vasudevan
- Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft Matter and Assembly, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Rauh
- Physical Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth , Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Physical Chemistry I, Heinrich-Heine-University , Universitätsstr. 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Barbera
- Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft Matter and Assembly, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Karg
- Physical Chemistry I, Heinrich-Heine-University , Universitätsstr. 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lucio Isa
- Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft Matter and Assembly, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Rey M, Hou X, Tang JSJ, Vogel N. Interfacial arrangement and phase transitions of PNiPAm microgels with different crosslinking densities. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:8717-8727. [PMID: 29119191 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01558e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microgels are colloidal hydrogel particles that exhibit a pronounced softness, which arises from the swollen nature of the constituent polymer network. This softness leads to a substantial deformability of such particles at liquid interfaces, which, in turn translates into a complex phase behaviour that can exhibit a phase transition between a non-close packed and a close packed arrangement. Here, we explore how the degree of swellability and deformability - and therefore the softness of the particles - affects the phase behaviour of microgels at the air/water interface upon compression. We use precipitation polymerization to synthesize poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels with similar hydrodynamic radii in the collapsed state and systematically vary the degree of swellability by changing the crosslinking density. We spread these microgels onto the air/water interface of a Langmuir trough and characterize their interfacial properties by surface pressure - area isotherms. Furthermore, we continuously transfer the interfacial microgel monolayer during compression onto a solid substrate, thus encoding the complete phase diagram of the microgels with increasing particle density as a function of the position on the solid substrate. We investigate the microgel arrangement by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and use image analysis to extract quantitative information on the interparticle distance and degree of order. We find that the phase transition is very sensitive to the crosslinking density and occurs at much lower surface pressures for less deformable particles. The softest microgels do not undergo any phase transition. Instead, the system exhibits pronounced local conformation changes around point defects with local five- and sevenfold symmetries, indicating that the geometry of the assembled structure effectively controls the local pressure experienced by the microgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Rey
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Lotito V, Zambelli T. Approaches to self-assembly of colloidal monolayers: A guide for nanotechnologists. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 246:217-274. [PMID: 28669390 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of quasi-spherical colloidal particles in two-dimensional (2D) arrangements is essential for a wide range of applications from optoelectronics to surface engineering, from chemical and biological sensing to light harvesting and environmental remediation. Several self-assembly approaches have flourished throughout the years, with specific features in terms of complexity of the implementation, sensitivity to process parameters, characteristics of the final colloidal assembly. Selecting the proper method for a given application amidst the vast literature in this field can be a challenging task. In this review, we present an extensive classification and comparison of the different techniques adopted for 2D self-assembly in order to provide useful guidelines for scientists approaching this field. After an overview of the main applications of 2D colloidal assemblies, we describe the main mechanisms underlying their formation and introduce the mathematical tools commonly used to analyse their final morphology. Subsequently, we examine in detail each class of self-assembly techniques, with an explanation of the physical processes intervening in crystallization and a thorough investigation of the technical peculiarities of the different practical implementations. We point out the specific characteristics of the set-ups and apparatuses developed for self-assembly in terms of complexity, requirements, reproducibility, robustness, sensitivity to process parameters and morphology of the final colloidal pattern. Such an analysis will help the reader to individuate more easily the approach more suitable for a given application and will draw the attention towards the importance of the details of each implementation for the final results.
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Ciach A, Pękalski J. Exactly solvable model for self-assembly of hard core-soft shell particles at interfaces. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2603-2608. [PMID: 28327760 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00191f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A generic model for self-assembly of a monolayer of hybrid core-shell particles at an interface is developed. We assume that for distances larger than the size of the incompressible core a soft repulsion appears, and the repulsion is followed by an attraction at larger separations. The model is solved exactly in a one-dimensional lattice version. One, two or three periodic structures and variety of shapes of the pressure-density isotherms may occur in different versions of the model. For strong interactions the isotherm consists of nearly vertical segments at densities optimal for the periodic structures that are connected by segments with a small slope. The range of order depends very strongly on the strength of attraction and on the density. Our results agree with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ciach
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - J Pękalski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland.
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Scheidegger L, Fernández-Rodríguez MÁ, Geisel K, Zanini M, Elnathan R, Richtering W, Isa L. Compression and deposition of microgel monolayers from fluid interfaces: particle size effects on interface microstructure and nanolithography. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:8671-8680. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07896f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the microstructure of monolayers of microgels confined at a water/oil interface is the key to their successful application as nanolithography masks after deposition on a solid substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Scheidegger
- Laboratory for Interfaces
- Soft Matter and Assembly
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zurich
| | | | - Karen Geisel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Michele Zanini
- Laboratory for Interfaces
- Soft Matter and Assembly
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zurich
| | - Roey Elnathan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
- Future Industries Institute
- University of South Australia
- Mawson Lakes
- Australia
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Lucio Isa
- Laboratory for Interfaces
- Soft Matter and Assembly
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zurich
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Rauh A, Rey M, Barbera L, Zanini M, Karg M, Isa L. Compression of hard core-soft shell nanoparticles at liquid-liquid interfaces: influence of the shell thickness. SOFT MATTER 2016; 13:158-169. [PMID: 27515818 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01020b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soft hydrogel particles show a rich structural and mechanical behaviour compared to hard particles, both in bulk and when confined in two dimensions at a fluid interface. Moreover, encapsulation into hydrogel shells makes it possible to transfer the tunability of soft steric interactions to hard nanoparticle cores, which bear interest for applications, e.g. in terms of optical, magnetic and reinforcement properties. In this work, we investigate the microstructures formed by hard core-soft shell particles at liquid-liquid interfaces upon compression. We produced model particles with the same silica core and systematically varied the shell-to-core ratio by synthesising shells with three different thicknesses. These particles were spread at an oil-water interface in a Langmuir-Blodgett trough and continuously transferred onto a solid support during compression. The transferred microstructures were analysed by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy. Quantitative image analysis provided information on the particle packing density, the inter-particle distance, and the degree of order of the monolayers. We discovered several essential differences compared to purely soft hydrogel particles, which shed light on the role played by the hard cores in the assembly and compression of these composite monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rauh
- Physical Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - M Rey
- Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft matter and Assembly, Departments of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - L Barbera
- Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft matter and Assembly, Departments of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - M Zanini
- Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft matter and Assembly, Departments of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - M Karg
- Physical Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany and Physical Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - L Isa
- Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft matter and Assembly, Departments of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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39
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Binary plasmonic honeycomb structures: High-resolution EDX mapping and optical properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Ding T, Rudrum AW, Herrmann LO, Turek V, Baumberg JJ. Polymer-assisted self-assembly of gold nanoparticle monolayers and their dynamical switching. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:15864-9. [PMID: 27546585 PMCID: PMC5166565 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr05199e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic switching of plasmonic monolayers built of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is achieved using nano-coatings of poly(isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM). The distance between AuNPs can be dynamically tuned through the repeatable expansion and contraction of the PNIPAM shells at different temperatures, which results in rapid switching of the optical properties of the AuNP monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ding
- Nanophotonics Centre , Cavendish Laboratory , University of Cambridge , CB3 0HE , UK . ;
| | - Adam W. Rudrum
- Nanophotonics Centre , Cavendish Laboratory , University of Cambridge , CB3 0HE , UK . ;
| | - Lars O. Herrmann
- Nanophotonics Centre , Cavendish Laboratory , University of Cambridge , CB3 0HE , UK . ;
| | - Vladimir Turek
- Nanophotonics Centre , Cavendish Laboratory , University of Cambridge , CB3 0HE , UK . ;
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- Nanophotonics Centre , Cavendish Laboratory , University of Cambridge , CB3 0HE , UK . ;
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41
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Lotito V, Zambelli T. Self-Assembly of Single-Sized and Binary Colloidal Particles at Air/Water Interface by Surface Confinement and Water Discharge. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:9582-9590. [PMID: 27574790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present an innovative apparatus allowing self-assembly at air/water interface in a smooth and reproducible way. The combination of water discharge and surface confinement of the area over which self-assembly takes place allows transfer of the assembled monolayer without any risk of damage to the colloidal crystal. As we demonstrate, the designed approach offers remarkable advantages in terms of cost and robustness compared to state-of-the art methods and is suitable for the fabrication of highly ordered monolayers even for more challenging assembly experiments such as transfer on rough substrates or assembly of binary colloids. Hence, our apparatus represents a significant headway toward high scale production of large area colloidal crystals. For the binary colloid assembly experiments, we also report the first experimental demonstration of a morphology based on the alternation of three and four small particles in the interstices between large particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lotito
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich , Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tomaso Zambelli
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich , Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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42
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Singh CR, Honold T, Gujar TP, Retsch M, Fery A, Karg M, Thelakkat M. The role of colloidal plasmonic nanostructures in organic solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:23155-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04451d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A colloidal self-assembly concept is introduced for the fabrication of optically homogenous monolayers of plasmonic Au-nanoparticles in organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Singh
- Applied Functional Polymers
- Macromolecular Chemistry I
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - T. Honold
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - T. P. Gujar
- Applied Functional Polymers
- Macromolecular Chemistry I
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - M. Retsch
- Jr. Prof. for Polymer Systems
- Physical Chemistry 1
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - A. Fery
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - M. Karg
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - M. Thelakkat
- Applied Functional Polymers
- Macromolecular Chemistry I
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
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43
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Karg M. Functional Materials Design through Hydrogel Encapsulation of Inorganic Nanoparticles: Recent Developments and Challenges. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Karg
- Physical Chemistry I; University of Bayreuth; Universitaetsstr. 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
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