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Ekeberg T, Assalauova D, Bielecki J, Boll R, Daurer BJ, Eichacker LA, Franken LE, Galli DE, Gelisio L, Gumprecht L, Gunn LH, Hajdu J, Hartmann R, Hasse D, Ignatenko A, Koliyadu J, Kulyk O, Kurta R, Kuster M, Lugmayr W, Lübke J, Mancuso AP, Mazza T, Nettelblad C, Ovcharenko Y, Rivas DE, Rose M, Samanta AK, Schmidt P, Sobolev E, Timneanu N, Usenko S, Westphal D, Wollweber T, Worbs L, Xavier PL, Yousef H, Ayyer K, Chapman HN, Sellberg JA, Seuring C, Vartanyants IA, Küpper J, Meyer M, Maia FRNC. Observation of a single protein by ultrafast X-ray diffraction. Light Sci Appl 2024; 13:15. [PMID: 38216563 PMCID: PMC10786860 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The idea of using ultrashort X-ray pulses to obtain images of single proteins frozen in time has fascinated and inspired many. It was one of the arguments for building X-ray free-electron lasers. According to theory, the extremely intense pulses provide sufficient signal to dispense with using crystals as an amplifier, and the ultrashort pulse duration permits capturing the diffraction data before the sample inevitably explodes. This was first demonstrated on biological samples a decade ago on the giant mimivirus. Since then, a large collaboration has been pushing the limit of the smallest sample that can be imaged. The ability to capture snapshots on the timescale of atomic vibrations, while keeping the sample at room temperature, may allow probing the entire conformational phase space of macromolecules. Here we show the first observation of an X-ray diffraction pattern from a single protein, that of Escherichia coli GroEL which at 14 nm in diameter is the smallest biological sample ever imaged by X-rays, and demonstrate that the concept of diffraction before destruction extends to single proteins. From the pattern, it is possible to determine the approximate orientation of the protein. Our experiment demonstrates the feasibility of ultrafast imaging of single proteins, opening the way to single-molecule time-resolved studies on the femtosecond timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Ekeberg
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3 (Box 596), SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Electronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Rebecca Boll
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Benedikt J Daurer
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Lutz A Eichacker
- University of Stavanger, Centre Organelle Research, Richard-Johnsensgate 4, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Linda E Franken
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Davide E Galli
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli", Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Gelisio
- Deutsches Electronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Gumprecht
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura H Gunn
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3 (Box 596), SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Janos Hajdu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3 (Box 596), SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Dirk Hasse
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3 (Box 596), SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexandr Ignatenko
- Deutsches Electronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jayanath Koliyadu
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
- Biomedical and X-Ray Physics, Department of Applied Physics, AlbaNova University Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olena Kulyk
- ELI Beamlines/IoP Institute of Physics AS CR, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, 182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Ruslan Kurta
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Markus Kuster
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lugmayr
- Multi-User CryoEM Facility, Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Notkestr.85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jannik Lübke
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adrian P Mancuso
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Carl Nettelblad
- Division of Scientific Computing, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Box 337, SE-75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Max Rose
- Deutsches Electronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amit K Samanta
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Egor Sobolev
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicusor Timneanu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergey Usenko
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Daniel Westphal
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3 (Box 596), SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tamme Wollweber
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Worbs
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul Lourdu Xavier
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hazem Yousef
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Kartik Ayyer
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henry N Chapman
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas A Sellberg
- Biomedical and X-Ray Physics, Department of Applied Physics, AlbaNova University Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolin Seuring
- Multi-User CryoEM Facility, Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Notkestr.85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ivan A Vartanyants
- Deutsches Electronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Küpper
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Meyer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Filipe R N C Maia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3 (Box 596), SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden.
- NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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Shabalin AG, Zhang M, Yao W, Rysov R, Ren Z, Lapkin D, Kim YY, Assalauova D, Mukharamova N, Sprung M, Vartanyants IA, Meng YS, Shpyrko OG. Mapping the 3D position of battery cathode particles in Bragg coherent diffractive imaging. J Synchrotron Radiat 2023; 30:445-448. [PMID: 36891858 PMCID: PMC10000792 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577523000814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In Bragg coherent diffractive imaging, the precise location of the measured crystals in the interior of the sample is usually missing. Obtaining this information would help the study of the spatially dependent behavior of particles in the bulk of inhomogeneous samples, such as extra-thick battery cathodes. This work presents an approach to determine the 3D position of particles by precisely aligning them at the instrument axis of rotation. In the test experiment reported here, with a 60 µm-thick LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 battery cathode, the particles were located with a precision of 20 µm in the out-of-plane direction, and the in-plane coordinates were determined with a precision of 1 µm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. G. Shabalin
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0319, USA
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0448, USA
| | - W. Yao
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0448, USA
| | - R. Rysov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Z. Ren
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - D. Lapkin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Y.-Y. Kim
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - D. Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - N. Mukharamova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - I. A. Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Y. S. Meng
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0448, USA
| | - O. G. Shpyrko
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0319, USA
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Assalauova D, Vartanyants IA. The structure of tick-borne encephalitis virus determined at X-ray free-electron lasers. Simulations. J Synchrotron Radiat 2023; 30:24-34. [PMID: 36601923 PMCID: PMC9814066 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522011341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The study of virus structures by X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has attracted increased attention in recent decades. Such experiments are based on the collection of 2D diffraction patterns measured at the detector following the application of femtosecond X-ray pulses to biological samples. To prepare an experiment at the European XFEL, the diffraction data for the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was simulated with different parameters and the optimal values were identified. Following the necessary steps of a well established data-processing pipeline, the structure of TBEV was obtained. In the structure determination presented, a priori knowledge of the simulated virus orientations was used. The efficiency of the proposed pipeline was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ivan A. Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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Wahl J, Haizmann P, Kirsch C, Frecot R, Mukharamova N, Assalauova D, Kim YY, Zaluzhnyy I, Chassé T, Vartanyants IA, Peisert H, Scheele M. Mitigating the photodegradation of all-inorganic mixed-halide perovskite nanocrystals by ligand exchange. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:10944-10951. [PMID: 35466339 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00546h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We show that the decomposition of caesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals under continuous X-ray illumination depends on the surface ligand. For oleic acid/oleylamine, we observe a fast decay accompanied by the formation of elemental lead and halogen. Upon surface functionalization with a metal porphyrin derivative, the decay is markedly slower and involves the disproportionation of lead to Pb0 and Pb3+. In both cases, the decomposition is preceded by a contraction of the atomic lattice, which appears to initiate the decay. We find that the metal porphyrin derivative induces a strong surface dipole on the nanocrystals, which we hold responsible for the altered and slower decomposition pathway. These results are important for application of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals in X-ray scintillators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Wahl
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Philipp Haizmann
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Christopher Kirsch
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Rene Frecot
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | | | - Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Young Yong Kim
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ivan Zaluzhnyy
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Chassé
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. .,Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ivan A Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Peisert
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Marcus Scheele
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. .,Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Assalauova D, Ignatenko A, Isensee F, Trofimova D, Vartanyants IA. Classification of diffraction patterns using a convolutional neural network in single-particle-imaging experiments performed at X-ray free-electron lasers. J Appl Crystallogr 2022; 55:444-454. [PMID: 35719305 PMCID: PMC9172041 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576722002667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A convolutional neural network is applied for the single-hit diffraction-pattern classification step in single-particle-imaging experiments at X-ray free-electron lasers. This approach can be employed not only after the experiment but, importantly, also during an experiment and can significantly reduce the size of data storage for further analysis stages. Single particle imaging (SPI) at X-ray free-electron lasers is particularly well suited to determining the 3D structure of particles at room temperature. For a successful reconstruction, diffraction patterns originating from a single hit must be isolated from a large number of acquired patterns. It is proposed that this task could be formulated as an image-classification problem and solved using convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures. Two CNN configurations are developed: one that maximizes the F1 score and one that emphasizes high recall. The CNNs are also combined with expectation-maximization (EM) selection as well as size filtering. It is observed that the CNN selections have lower contrast in power spectral density functions relative to the EM selection used in previous work. However, the reconstruction of the CNN-based selections gives similar results. Introducing CNNs into SPI experiments allows the reconstruction pipeline to be streamlined, enables researchers to classify patterns on the fly, and, as a consequence, enables them to tightly control the duration of their experiments. Incorporating non-standard artificial-intelligence-based solutions into an existing SPI analysis workflow may be beneficial for the future development of SPI experiments.
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Assalauova D, Kim YY, Bobkov S, Khubbutdinov R, Rose M, Alvarez R, Andreasson J, Balaur E, Contreras A, DeMirci H, Gelisio L, Hajdu J, Hunter MS, Kurta RP, Li H, McFadden M, Nazari R, Schwander P, Teslyuk A, Walter P, Xavier PL, Yoon CH, Zaare S, Ilyin VA, Kirian RA, Hogue BG, Aquila A, Vartanyants IA. Erratum: An advanced workflow for single-particle imaging with the limited data at an X-ray free-electron laser. Corrigendum. IUCrJ 2022; 9:328. [PMID: 35371497 PMCID: PMC8895016 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252522000501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1107/S2052252520012798.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
| | - Young Yong Kim
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
| | - Sergey Bobkov
- National Research Center ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow, 123182 Russian Federation
| | - Ruslan Khubbutdinov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation
| | - Max Rose
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
| | - Roberto Alvarez
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- School of Mathematics and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
| | - Jakob Andreasson
- Institute of Physics, ELI Beamlines, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, CZ-18221, Czech Republic
| | - Eugeniu Balaur
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Alice Contreras
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
| | - Hasan DeMirci
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Luca Gelisio
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL), DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
| | - Janos Hajdu
- Institute of Physics, ELI Beamlines, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, CZ-18221, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, SE-75124, Sweden
| | - Mark S. Hunter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Haoyuan Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Physics Department, Stanford University, 450 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305-2004, USA
| | - Matthew McFadden
- Biodesign Institute Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
| | - Reza Nazari
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | | | - Anton Teslyuk
- National Research Center ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow, 123182 Russian Federation
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Peter Walter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - P. Lourdu Xavier
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL), DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg, D-22761, Germany
| | - Chun Hong Yoon
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sahba Zaare
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Viacheslav A. Ilyin
- National Research Center ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow, 123182 Russian Federation
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Richard A. Kirian
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
| | - Brenda G. Hogue
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- Biodesign Institute, Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Andrew Aquila
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Ivan A. Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation
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Lapkin D, Mukharamova N, Assalauova D, Dubinina S, Stellhorn J, Westermeier F, Lazarev S, Sprung M, Karg M, Vartanyants IA, Meijer JM. In situ characterization of crystallization and melting of soft, thermoresponsive microgels by small-angle X-ray scattering. Soft Matter 2022; 18:1591-1602. [PMID: 34994372 PMCID: PMC8864529 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01537k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Depending on the volume fraction and interparticle interactions, colloidal suspensions can form different phases, ranging from fluids, crystals, and glasses to gels. For soft microgels that are made from thermoresponsive polymers, the volume fraction can be tuned by temperature, making them excellent systems to experimentally study phase transitions in dense colloidal suspensions. However, investigations of phase transitions at high particle concentration and across the volume phase transition temperature in particular, are challenging due to the deformability and possibility for interpenetration between microgels. Here, we investigate the dense phases of composite core-shell microgels that have a small gold core and a thermoresponsive microgel shell. Employing Ultra Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, we make use of the strong scattering signal from the gold cores with respect to the almost negligible signal from the shells. By changing the temperature we study the freezing and melting transitions of the system in situ. Using Bragg peak analysis and the Williamson-Hall method, we characterize the phase transitions in detail. We show that the system crystallizes into an rhcp structure with different degrees of in-plane and out-of-plane stacking disorder that increase upon particle swelling. We further find that the melting process is distinctly different, where the system separates into two different crystal phases with different melting temperatures and interparticle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Lapkin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Svetlana Dubinina
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy Per. 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Jens Stellhorn
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Fabian Westermeier
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sergey Lazarev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU), Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Michael Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ivan A Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Janne-Mieke Meijer
- Department of Applied Physics and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 19, 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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8
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Lapkin D, Kirsch C, Hiller J, Andrienko D, Assalauova D, Braun K, Carnis J, Kim YY, Mandal M, Maier A, Meixner AJ, Mukharamova N, Scheele M, Schreiber F, Sprung M, Wahl J, Westendorf S, Zaluzhnyy IA, Vartanyants IA. Spatially resolved fluorescence of caesium lead halide perovskite supercrystals reveals quasi-atomic behavior of nanocrystals. Nat Commun 2022; 13:892. [PMID: 35173165 PMCID: PMC8850480 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We correlate spatially resolved fluorescence (-lifetime) measurements with X-ray nanodiffraction to reveal surface defects in supercrystals of self-assembled cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals and study their effect on the fluorescence properties. Upon comparison with density functional modeling, we show that a loss in structural coherence, an increasing atomic misalignment between adjacent nanocrystals, and growing compressive strain near the surface of the supercrystal are responsible for the observed fluorescence blueshift and decreased fluorescence lifetimes. Such surface defect-related optical properties extend the frequently assumed analogy between atoms and nanocrystals as so-called quasi-atoms. Our results emphasize the importance of minimizing strain during the self-assembly of perovskite nanocrystals into supercrystals for lighting application such as superfluorescent emitters. By utilizing spatially resolved fluorescence (-lifetime) measurements and high precision X-ray nanodiffraction, the authors correlate the influence of structural misalignment and fluorescence (-lifetime) properties of all-inorganic CsPbX3 (X– = Br–, Cl–) perovskite superlattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Lapkin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Kirsch
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Hiller
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Denis Andrienko
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Braun
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jerome Carnis
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Young Yong Kim
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mukunda Mandal
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andre Maier
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred J Meixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Scheele
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. .,Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Wahl
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sophia Westendorf
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ivan A Zaluzhnyy
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ivan A Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany. .,National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia.
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9
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Khubbutdinov R, Gerasimova N, Mercurio G, Assalauova D, Carnis J, Gelisio L, Le Guyader L, Ignatenko A, Kim YY, Van Kuiken BE, Kurta RP, Lapkin D, Teichmann M, Yaroslavtsev A, Gorobtsov O, Menushenkov AP, Scholz M, Scherz A, Vartanyants IA. High spatial coherence and short pulse duration revealed by the Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry at the European XFEL. Struct Dyn 2021; 8:044305. [PMID: 34476285 PMCID: PMC8384452 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Second-order intensity interferometry was employed to study the spatial and temporal properties of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL). Measurements were performed at the soft x-ray Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE3) undulator beamline at a photon energy of 1.2 keV in the Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE) mode. Two high-power regimes of the SASE3 undulator settings, i.e., linear and quadratic undulator tapering at saturation, were studied in detail and compared with the linear gain regime. The statistical analysis showed an exceptionally high degree of spatial coherence up to 90% for the linear undulator tapering. Analysis of the measured data in spectral and spatial domains provided an average pulse duration of about 10 fs in our measurements. The obtained results will be valuable for the experiments requiring and exploiting short pulse duration and utilizing high coherence properties of the EuXFEL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jerome Carnis
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luca Gelisio
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Alexandr Ignatenko
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Young Yong Kim
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Dmitry Lapkin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Oleg Gorobtsov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - Alexey P. Menushenkov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Matthias Scholz
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Ignatenko A, Assalauova D, Bobkov SA, Gelisio L, Teslyuk AB, Ilyin VA, Vartanyants IA. Classification of diffraction patterns in single particle imaging experiments performed at x-ray free-electron lasers using a convolutional neural network. Mach Learn : Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-2153/abd916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Single particle imaging (SPI) is a promising method of native structure determination, which has undergone fast progress with the development of x-ray free-electron lasers. Large amounts of data are collected during SPI experiments, driving the need for automated data analysis. The necessary data analysis pipeline has a number of steps including binary object classification (single versus non-single hits). Classification and object detection are areas where deep neural networks currently outperform other approaches. In this work, we use the fast object detector networks YOLOv2 and YOLOv3. By exploiting transfer learning, a moderate amount of data is sufficient to train the neural network. We demonstrate here that a convolutional neural network can be successfully used to classify data from SPI experiments. We compare the results of classification for the two different networks, with different depth and architecture, by applying them to the same SPI data with different data representation. The best results are obtained for diffracted intensity represented by color images on a linear scale using YOLOv2 for classification. It shows an accuracy of about 95% with precision and recall of about 50% and 60%, respectively, in comparison to manual data classification.
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11
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Bobkov SA, Teslyuk AB, Baymukhametov TN, Pichkur EB, Chesnokov YM, Assalauova D, Poyda AA, Novikov AM, Zolotarev SI, Ikonnikova KA, Velikhov VE, Vartanyants IA, Vasiliev AL, Ilyin VA. Advances in Modern Information Technologies for Data Analysis in CRYO-EM and XFEL Experiments. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774520060085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Assalauova D, Kim YY, Bobkov S, Khubbutdinov R, Rose M, Alvarez R, Andreasson J, Balaur E, Contreras A, DeMirci H, Gelisio L, Hajdu J, Hunter MS, Kurta RP, Li H, McFadden M, Nazari R, Schwander P, Teslyuk A, Walter P, Xavier PL, Yoon CH, Zaare S, Ilyin VA, Kirian RA, Hogue BG, Aquila A, Vartanyants IA. An advanced workflow for single-particle imaging with the limited data at an X-ray free-electron laser. IUCrJ 2020; 7:1102-1113. [PMID: 33209321 PMCID: PMC7642788 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252520012798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An improved analysis for single-particle imaging (SPI) experiments, using the limited data, is presented here. Results are based on a study of bacteriophage PR772 performed at the Atomic, Molecular and Optical Science instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source as part of the SPI initiative. Existing methods were modified to cope with the shortcomings of the experimental data: inaccessibility of information from half of the detector and a small fraction of single hits. The general SPI analysis workflow was upgraded with the expectation-maximization based classification of diffraction patterns and mode decomposition on the final virus-structure determination step. The presented processing pipeline allowed us to determine the 3D structure of bacteriophage PR772 without symmetry constraints with a spatial resolution of 6.9 nm. The obtained resolution was limited by the scattering intensity during the experiment and the relatively small number of single hits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
| | - Young Yong Kim
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
| | - Sergey Bobkov
- National Research Center ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow, 123182 Russian Federation
| | - Ruslan Khubbutdinov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation
| | - Max Rose
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
| | - Roberto Alvarez
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- School of Mathematics and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
| | - Jakob Andreasson
- Institute of Physics, ELI Beamlines, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, CZ-18221, Czech Republic
| | - Eugeniu Balaur
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Alice Contreras
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
| | - Hasan DeMirci
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Luca Gelisio
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL), DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
| | - Janos Hajdu
- Institute of Physics, ELI Beamlines, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, CZ-18221, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, SE-75124, Sweden
| | - Mark S. Hunter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Haoyuan Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Physics Department, Stanford University, 450 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305-2004, USA
| | - Matthew McFadden
- Biodesign Institute Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
| | - Reza Nazari
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | | | - Anton Teslyuk
- National Research Center ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow, 123182 Russian Federation
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Peter Walter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - P. Lourdu Xavier
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL), DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg, D-22761, Germany
| | - Chun Hong Yoon
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sahba Zaare
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Viacheslav A. Ilyin
- National Research Center ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow, 123182 Russian Federation
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Richard A. Kirian
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
| | - Brenda G. Hogue
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona AZ 85287, USA
- Biodesign Institute, Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Andrew Aquila
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Ivan A. Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, D-22607, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation
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13
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Maier A, Lapkin D, Mukharamova N, Frech P, Assalauova D, Ignatenko A, Khubbutdinov R, Lazarev S, Sprung M, Laible F, Löffler R, Previdi N, Bräuer A, Günkel T, Fleischer M, Schreiber F, Vartanyants IA, Scheele M. Structure-Transport Correlation Reveals Anisotropic Charge Transport in Coupled PbS Nanocrystal Superlattices. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e2002254. [PMID: 32725688 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of colloidal semiconductive nanocrystals into highly ordered superlattices predicts novel structure-related properties by design. However, those structure-property relationships, such as charge transport depending on the structure or even directions of the superlattice, have remained unrevealed so far. Here, electric transport measurements and X-ray nanodiffraction are performed on self-assembled lead sulfide nanocrystal superlattices to investigate direction-dependent charge carrier transport in microscopic domains of these materials. By angular X-ray cross-correlation analysis, the structure and orientation of individual superlattices is determined, which are directly correlated with the electronic properties of the same microdomains. By that, strong evidence for the effect of superlattice crystallinity on the electric conductivity is found. Further, anisotropic charge transport in highly ordered monocrystalline domains is revealed, which is attributed to the dominant effect of shortest interparticle distance. This implies that transport anisotropy should be a general feature of weakly coupled nanocrystal superlattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Maier
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Dmitry Lapkin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Frech
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Dameli Assalauova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Alexandr Ignatenko
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Ruslan Khubbutdinov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, Moscow, 115409, Russia
| | - Sergey Lazarev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU), pr. Lenina 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Michael Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Florian Laible
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Ronny Löffler
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Nicolas Previdi
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Annika Bräuer
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Thomas Günkel
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Monika Fleischer
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Ivan A Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, Moscow, 115409, Russia
| | - Marcus Scheele
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
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