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Cheng W, Zhang W, Tao J, Zheng F, Chu B, Wang R, Fang C, Huai L, Tao P, Song C, Shang W, Fu B, Deng T. Octopus-like Microstructure of Graphene Oxide Generated through Laser-Microdroplet Interaction for Adhesive Coating. ACS NANO 2024; 18:7877-7889. [PMID: 38450636 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The octopus, as one of the most famous celebrities in bionics, has provided various inspirations for camouflage materials, soft-bodied robots, and flexible grabbers. The miniaturization of such structures will help the development of microrobots, microdelivery of drugs, and surface coating. With the lack of relevant effective preparation approaches, however, the generation of such octopus-like structures with a size of ∼1 μm or below is challenging. Here, we develop an approach based on laser-microdroplet interaction for generating an octopus-like structure with a size of ∼1 μm. The developed approach uses laser-microdroplet interaction to provide a large driving force of ∼107 Pa at a confined space (<1 μm), locally crumpling the precursor in the microdroplet. The locally crumpled particles possess both crumpled and uncrumpled structures that resemble an octopus's head and soft body. In the adhesion test, the octopus-like particles exhibit high adhesive properties in air, in water, and on a flexible substrate. In the electrochemical test, the octopus-like particles on flexible electrodes show good electrochemical and adhesive properties under hundreds of bending cycles. Benefiting from the combination of crumpled and uncrumpled morphologies, the created particles with octopus-like microstructure are demonstrated to possess comprehensive performance, exhibiting wide application potentials in the fields of microswimmers, surface coatings, and electrochemistry. Additionally, the method developed in this work has the advantages of concentrated energy in a confined space, displaying prospective potentials in micro- and nanoprocessing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinran Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Ben Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruitong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Huai
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Benwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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2
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Pan B, Su P, Jin M, Huang X, Wang Z, Zhang R, Xu H, Liu W, Ye Y. Ultrathin hierarchical hydrogel-carbon nanocomposite for highly stretchable fast-response water-proof wearable humidity sensors. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:5263-5276. [PMID: 37750039 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01093g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Wearable humidity sensors play an important role in human health monitoring. However, challenges persist in realizing high performance wearable humidity sensors with fast response and good stretchability and durability. Here we report wearable humidity sensors employing an ultrathin micro-nano hierarchical hydrogel-carbon nanocomposite. The nanocomposite is synthesized on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films via a facile two-step solvent-free approach, which creates a hierarchical architecture consisting of periodic microscale wrinkles and vapor-deposited nanoporous hydrogel-candle-soot nanocoating. The hierarchical surface topography results in a significantly enlarged specific surface area (>107 times that of planar hydrogel), which along with the ultrathin hydrogel endow the sensor with high sensitivity and a fast response/recovery (13/0.48 s) over a wide humidity range (11-96%). Owing to the wrinkle structure and interpenetrating network between the hydrogel and PDMS, the sensor is stable and durable against repeated 180° bending, 100% strain, and even scratching. Furthermore, encapsulation of the sensor imparts excellent resistance to water, sweat, and bacteria without influencing its performance. The sensor is then successfully used to monitor different human respiratory behaviors and skin humidity in real time. The reported method is convenient and cost-effective, which could bring exciting new opportunities in the fabrication of next-generation wearable humidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqi Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Peipei Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Minghui Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaocheng Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenbo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Ruhao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - He Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Wenna Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Yumin Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
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3
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Chremos A, Horkay F. Coexistence of Crumpling and Flat Sheet Conformations in Two-Dimensional Polymer Networks: An Understanding of Aggrecan Self-Assembly. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:138101. [PMID: 37832020 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.138101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the conformational properties of self-avoiding two-dimensional (2D) ideal polymer networks with tunable mesh sizes as a model of self-assembled structures formed by aggrecan. Polymer networks having few branching points and large enough mesh tend to crumple, resulting in a fractal dimension of d_{f}≈2.7. The flat sheet behavior (d_{f}=2) emerges in 2D polymer networks having more branching points at large length scales; however, it coexists with crumpling conformations at intermediate length scales, a feature found in scattering profiles of aggrecan solutions. Our findings bridge the long-standing gap between theories and simulations of polymer sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Chremos
- Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Ferenc Horkay
- Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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4
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Stretchable and Compliant Sensing of Strain, Pressure and Vibration of Soft Deformable Structures. ROBOTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/robotics11060146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft robotic and medical devices will greatly benefit from stretchable and compliant pressure sensors that can detect deformation and contact forces for control and task safety. In addition to traditional 2D buckling via planar substrates, 3D buckling via curved substrates has emerged as an alternative approach to generate tunable and highly convoluted hierarchical wrinkle morphologies. Such wrinkles may provide advantages in pressure sensing, such as increased sensitivity, ultra-stretchability, and detecting changing curvatures. In this work, we fabricated stretchable sensors using wrinkled MXene electrodes obtained from 3D buckling. We then characterized the sensors’ performance in detecting strain, pressure, and vibrations. The fabricated wrinkled MXene electrode exhibited high stretchability of up to 250% and has a strain sensitivity of 0.1 between 0 and 80%. The fabricated bilayer MXene pressure sensor exhibited a pressure sensitivity of 0.935 kPa−1 and 0.188 kPa−1 at the lower (<0.25 kPa) and higher-pressure regimes (0.25 kPa–2.0 kPa), respectively. The recovery and response timing of the wrinkled MXene pressure sensor was found to be 250 ms and 400 ms, respectively. The sensor was also capable of detecting changing curvatures upon mounting onto an inflating balloon.
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Lee HY, Sarkar S, Reidy K, Kumar A, Klein J, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, LeBeau JM, Ross FM, Gradečak S. Strong and Localized Luminescence from Interface Bubbles Between Stacked hBN Multilayers. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5000. [PMID: 36008409 PMCID: PMC9411575 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32708-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraordinary optoelectronic properties of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures can be tuned via strain caused by mechanical deformation. Here, we demonstrate strong and localized luminescence in the ultraviolet region from interface bubbles between stacked multilayers of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Compared to bubbles in stacked monolayers, bubbles formed by stacking vdW multilayers show distinct mechanical behavior. We use this behavior to elucidate radius- and thickness-dependent bubble geometry and the resulting strain across the bubble, from which we establish the thickness-dependent bending rigidity of hBN multilayers. We then utilize the polymeric material confined within the bubbles to modify the bubble geometry under electron beam irradiation, resulting in strong luminescence and formation of optical standing waves. Our results open a route to design and modulate microscopic-scale optical cavities via strain engineering in vdW materials, which we suggest will be relevant to both fundamental mechanical studies and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Yeon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Soumya Sarkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kate Reidy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Abinash Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Julian Klein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - James M LeBeau
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Frances M Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Silvija Gradečak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore, Singapore.
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6
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Two-dimensional materials prospects for non-volatile spintronic memories. Nature 2022; 606:663-673. [PMID: 35732761 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04768-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-volatile magnetic random-access memories (MRAMs), such as spin-transfer torque MRAM and next-generation spin-orbit torque MRAM, are emerging as key to enabling low-power technologies, which are expected to spread over large markets from embedded memories to the Internet of Things. Concurrently, the development and performances of devices based on two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures bring ultracompact multilayer compounds with unprecedented material-engineering capabilities. Here we provide an overview of the current developments and challenges in regard to MRAM, and then outline the opportunities that can arise by incorporating two-dimensional material technologies. We highlight the fundamental properties of atomically smooth interfaces, the reduced material intermixing, the crystal symmetries and the proximity effects as the key drivers for possible disruptive improvements for MRAM at advanced technology nodes.
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7
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Jeong I, Han DY, Hwang J, Song WJ, Park S. Foldable batteries: from materials to devices. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:1494-1516. [PMID: 36134364 PMCID: PMC9419599 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00892g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wearable electronics is a growing field that has important applications in advanced human-integrated systems with high performance and mechanical deformability, especially foldable characteristics. Although foldable electronics such as rollable TVs (LG signature OLED R) or foldable smartphones (Samsung Galaxy Z fold/flip series) have been successfully established in the market, these devices are still powered by rigid and stiff batteries. Therefore, to realize fully wearable devices, it is necessary to develop state-of-the-art foldable batteries with high performance and safety in dynamic deformation states. In this review, we cover the recent progress in developing materials and system designs for foldable batteries. The Materials section is divided into three sections aimed at helping researchers choose suitable materials for their systems. Several foldable battery systems are discussed and the combination of innovative materials and system design that yields successful devices is considered. Furthermore, the basic analysis process of electrochemical and mechanical properties is provided as a guide for researchers interested in the evaluation of foldable battery systems. The current challenges facing the practical application of foldable batteries are briefly discussed. This review will help researchers to understand various aspects (from material preparation to battery configuration) of foldable batteries and provide a brief guideline for evaluating the performance of these batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insu Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 South Korea
| | - Dong-Yeob Han
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 South Korea
| | - Jongha Hwang
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 South Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 South Korea
| | - Soojin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 South Korea
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8
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Ma Z, Tian Z, Li X, You C, Wang Y, Mei Y, Di Z. Self-Rolling of Monolayer Graphene for Ultrasensitive Molecular Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49146-49152. [PMID: 34617726 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The controllable manipulation of graphene to create three-dimensional (3D) structures is an intriguing approach for favorably tuning its properties and creating new types of 3D devices. However, due to extremely low bending stiffnesses, it is rather challenging to construct monolayer graphene into stable 3D structures. Here, we demonstrate the stable formation of monolayer graphene microtubes with accompanying pre-patterned strain layers. The diameter of graphene microtubes can be effectively tuned by changing the thickness of the strain layers. Benefiting from a high surface-to-volume ratio of the tubular geometry, the 3D geometry leads to a prominent Raman enhancement, which was further applied to molecular sensing. The R6G molecules on graphene microtubes can be detected even for a concentration as low as 10-11 M. We believe that this method can be a generalized way to realize the 3D tubular structure of other 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunyu You
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yalan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zengfeng Di
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
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9
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Kwon Y, Liu M, Castilho C, Saleeba Z, Hurt R, Külaots I. Controlling pore structure and conductivity in graphene nanosheet films through partial thermal exfoliation. CARBON 2021; 174:227-239. [PMID: 33633411 PMCID: PMC7901814 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermal exfoliation is an efficient and scalable method for the production of graphene nanosheets or nanoplatelets, which are typically re-assembled or blended to form new macroscopic "graphene-based materials". Thermal exfoliation can be applied to these macroscopic graphene-based materials after casting to create internal porosity, but this process variant has not been widely studied, and can easily lead to destruction of the physical form of the original cast body. Here we explore how the partial thermal exfoliation of graphene oxide (GO) multilayer nanosheet films can be used to control pore structure and electrical conductivity of planar, textured, and confined GO films. The GO films are shown to exfoliate explosively when the instrument-set heating rates are 100 K/min and above leading to complete destruction of the film geometry. Textured films with engineered micro-wrinkling and crumpling show similar thermal behavior to planar films. Here, we also demonstrate a novel method to produce fairly large size intact rGO films of high electrical conductivity and microporosity based on confinement. Sandwiching GO precursor films between inert plates during partial exfoliation at 250°C produces high conductivity and porosity material in the form of a flexible film that preserves the macroscopic structure of the original cast body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbeom Kwon
- School of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope St., Providence, RI, USA, 02912
| | - Muchun Liu
- School of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope St., Providence, RI, USA, 02912
| | - Cintia Castilho
- School of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope St., Providence, RI, USA, 02912
| | - Zachary Saleeba
- School of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope St., Providence, RI, USA, 02912
| | - Robert Hurt
- School of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope St., Providence, RI, USA, 02912
| | - Indrek Külaots
- School of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope St., Providence, RI, USA, 02912
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10
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Hong Y, Wang B, Lin W, Jin L, Liu S, Luo X, Pan J, Wang W, Yang Z. Highly anisotropic and flexible piezoceramic kirigami for preventing joint disorders. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/11/eabf0795. [PMID: 33712465 PMCID: PMC7954449 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf0795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The prevention of work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs; e.g., neck pain and shoulder fatigue) requires frequent exercises of neck and shoulder that primarily rely on the assistance of joint motion monitoring devices. However, most available wearable healthcare sensors are rigid, bulky, and incapable of recognizing the full range of human motions. Here, we propose a kirigami-structured highly anisotropic piezoelectric network composite sensor that is able to monitor multiple information of joint motions, including bending direction, bending radius, and motion modes, and to distinguish them simultaneously within one sensor unit. On the basis of the modified template-assisted processing method, we design a functional piezoceramic kirigami with a honeycomb network structure that is stretchable (~100% strain), highly sensitive (15.4 mV kPa-1), and highly anisotropic to bending directions (17.3 times from 90° to 0°). An integrated monitoring system is further established to alarm the prolonged sedentary behaviors, facilitating the prevention of upper extremity MSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weikang Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lihan Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaowei Luo
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Pan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zhengbao Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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11
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Controlling nanochannel orientation and dimensions in graphene-based nanofluidic membranes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:507. [PMID: 33479231 PMCID: PMC7820404 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20837-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There is great interest in exploiting van der Waals gaps in layered materials as nanofluidic channels. Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets are known to spontaneously assemble into stacked planar membranes with transport properties that are highly selective to molecular structure. Use of conventional GO membranes in liquid-phase applications is often limited by low flux values, due to intersheet nanochannel alignment perpendicular to the desired Z-directional transport, which leads to circuitous fluid pathways that are orders of magnitude longer than the membrane thickness. Here we demonstrate an approach that uses compressive instability in Zr-doped GO thin films to create wrinkle patterns that rotate nanosheets to high angles. Capturing this structure in polymer matrices and thin sectioning produce fully dense membranes with arrays of near-vertically aligned nanochannels. These robust nanofluidic devices offer pronounced reduction in fluid path-length, while retaining the high selectivity for water over non-polar molecules characteristic of GO interlayer nanochannels. Vertically stacked graphene oxide sheets are promising structures for molecular sieving technologies. By folding large planar sheets in an accordion-like manner, Liu et al. fabricate a thin robust filter with near-vertically aligned nanochannels geared towards commercial separation membranes.
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12
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Li J, Li T, Ma X, Su Z, Yin J, Jiang X. Light-Induced Programmable 2D Ordered Patterns Based on a Hyperbranched Poly(ether amine) (hPEA)-Functionalized Graphene Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:1704-1713. [PMID: 33347761 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic complex surface topography with ordered and tunable morphologies, which can provide on-demand control of surface properties to realize smart surfaces, is gaining much attention yet remains challenging in terms of fabrication. Here, a facile, robust, and controllable method is demonstrated to fabricate programmable two-dimensional (2D) ordered patterns with multiresponsive 2D ultrathin materials, comprised of anthracene-capped hyperbranched poly(ether amine) (hPEA-AN)-functionalized graphene (hPEA-AN@G). By combining the stimuli-responsiveness and UV sensitivity of hPEA-AN and excellent out-of-plane deformation and NIR-to-thermal conversion of graphene, the process of "writing/uploading" initial information is conducted through the initial exposure to 365 nm UV light to generate the 2D ordered pattern first; second, inducing swelling strain via moisture to create the hierarchical topographic pattern (orderly oriented pattern) is the process of "modification and erasable rewriting"; third, alternating NIR or 254 nm UV light blanket exposure are the two ways of erasing the information. Consequently, taking advantage of the multiresponsive dynamic wrinkling/ordered patterning, we can program globally 2D ordered surface patterns with diverse morphologies on demand and manipulate the resulted surface properties as desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhilong Su
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuesong Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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13
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Zheng K, Li S, Jing L, Chen P, Xie J. Synergistic Antimicrobial Titanium Carbide (MXene) Conjugated with Gold Nanoclusters. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2001007. [PMID: 32881328 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance toward antibiotics is a world-wide problem, and one potential solution to fight against the resistance is to develop multi-mechanism antimicrobial agents to achieve synergistic performance. Titanium carbide (MXene) is an emerging 2D nanomaterial with antimicrobial ability to physically damage bacterial membrane and chemically induce oxidative stress, and it can be further conjugated with nanomaterials to improve its antibacterial performance. Herein, a synergistic antimicrobial agent is developed through conjugation of the ultra-small gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) on MXene nanosheets. The conjugated AuNCs are effectively delivered into bacteria after bacterial membrane damage caused by MXene, generating localized reactive oxygen species (ROS) of high concentration to effectively oxidize bacterial membrane lipid for enhanced membrane broken, as well as bacterial DNA for violent fragmentation. Thus, the synergistic physical (via MXene) and chemical (via MXene and AuNCs) antimicrobial mechanisms lead to eventual bacterial death of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with low IC50 values of 11.7 µg mL-1 of MXene and 0.04 µm of AuNCs. Moreover, the crumpled MXene-AuNCs structure is constructed to inhibit biofilm formation, which hold synergistic antibacterial ability of MXene-AuNCs conjugation, hydrophobic surface to prevent bacterial attachment, and large surface area containing higher density of bactericides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Lin Jing
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Po‐Yen Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117585 Singapore
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14
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Sun Z, Fang S, Hu YH. 3D Graphene Materials: From Understanding to Design and Synthesis Control. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10336-10453. [PMID: 32852197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon materials, with their diverse allotropes, have played significant roles in our daily life and the development of material science. Following 0D C60 and 1D carbon nanotube, 2D graphene materials, with their distinctively fascinating properties, have been receiving tremendous attention since 2004. To fulfill the efficient utilization of 2D graphene sheets in applications such as energy storage and conversion, electrochemical catalysis, and environmental remediation, 3D structures constructed by graphene sheets have been attempted over the past decade, giving birth to a new generation of graphene materials called 3D graphene materials. This review starts with the definition, classifications, brief history, and basic synthesis chemistries of 3D graphene materials. Then a critical discussion on the design considerations of 3D graphene materials for diverse applications is provided. Subsequently, after emphasizing the importance of normalized property characterization for the 3D structures, approaches for 3D graphene material synthesis from three major types of carbon sources (GO, hydrocarbons and inorganic carbon compounds) based on GO chemistry, hydrocarbon chemistry, and new alkali-metal chemistry, respectively, are comprehensively reviewed with a focus on their synthesis mechanisms, controllable aspects, and scalability. At last, current challenges and future perspectives for the development of 3D graphene materials are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxing Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, United States
| | - Siyuan Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, United States
| | - Yun Hang Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, United States.,School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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15
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Tan Y, Hu B, Song J, Chu Z, Wu W. Bioinspired Multiscale Wrinkling Patterns on Curved Substrates: An Overview. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:101. [PMID: 34138101 PMCID: PMC7770713 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00436-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The surface wrinkling of biological tissues is ubiquitous in nature. Accumulating evidence suggests that the mechanical force plays a significant role in shaping the biological morphologies. Controlled wrinkling has been demonstrated to be able to spontaneously form rich multiscale patterns, on either planar or curved surfaces. The surface wrinkling on planar substrates has been investigated thoroughly during the past decades. However, most wrinkling morphologies in nature are based on the curved biological surfaces and the research of controllable patterning on curved substrates still remains weak. The study of wrinkling on curved substrates is critical for understanding the biological growth, developing three-dimensional (3D) or four-dimensional (4D) fabrication techniques, and creating novel topographic patterns. In this review, fundamental wrinkling mechanics and recent advances in both fabrications and applications of the wrinkling patterns on curved substrates are summarized. The mechanics behind the wrinkles is compared between the planar and the curved cases. Beyond the film thickness, modulus ratio, and mismatch strain, the substrate curvature is one more significant parameter controlling the surface wrinkling. Curved substrates can be both solid and hollow with various 3D geometries across multiple length scales. Up to date, the wrinkling morphologies on solid/hollow core-shell spheres and cylinders have been simulated and selectively produced. Emerging applications of the curved topographic patterns have been found in smart wetting surfaces, cell culture interfaces, healthcare materials, and actuators, which may accelerate the development of artificial organs, stimuli-responsive devices, and micro/nano fabrications with higher dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlong Tan
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Biru Hu
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Song
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengyong Chu
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenjian Wu
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Yu J, Kim S, Ertekin E, van der Zande AM. Material-Dependent Evolution of Mechanical Folding Instabilities in Two-Dimensional Atomic Membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:10801-10808. [PMID: 32036649 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inducing and controlling three-dimensional deformations in monolayer two-dimensional materials is important for applications from stretchable electronics to origami nanoelectromechanical systems. For these applications, it is critical to understand how the properties of different materials influence the morphologies of two-dimensional atomic membranes under mechanical loading. Here, we systematically investigate the evolution of mechanical folding instabilities in uniaxially compressed monolayer graphene and MoS2 on a soft polydimethylsiloxane substrate. We examine the morphology of the compressed membranes using atomic force microscopy for compression from 0 to 33%. We find the membranes display roughly evenly spaced folds and observe two distinct stress release mechanisms under increasing compression. At low compression, the membranes delaminate to generate new folds. At higher compression, the membranes slip over the surface to enlarge existing folds. We observe a material-dependent transition between these two behaviors at a critical fold spacing of 1000 ± 250 nm for graphene and 550 ± 20 nm for MoS2. We establish a simple shear-lag model which attributes the transition to a competition between static friction and adhesion and gives the maximum interfacial static friction on polydimethylsiloxane of 3.8 ± 0.8 MPa for graphene and 7.7 ± 2.5 MPa for MoS2. Furthermore, in graphene, we observe an additional transition from standing folds to fallen folds at 8.5 ± 2.3 nm fold height. These results provide a framework to control the nanoscale fold structure of monolayer atomic membranes, which is a critical step in deterministically designing stretchable or foldable nanosystems based on two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyung Yu
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - SunPhil Kim
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Elif Ertekin
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 104 S Goodwin Avenue MC-230, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Arend M van der Zande
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 104 S Goodwin Avenue MC-230, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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17
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Machnicki CE, Fu F, Jing L, Chen PY, Wong IY. Mechanochemical engineering of 2D materials for multiscale biointerfaces. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6293-6309. [PMID: 31460549 PMCID: PMC6812607 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01006h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atomically thin nanomaterials represent a unique paradigm for interfacing with biological systems due to their mechanical flexibility, exceptional interfacial area, and ease of chemical functionalization. In particular, these two-dimensional (2D) materials are able to bend, curve, and fold in response to biologically-generated forces or other external stimuli. Such origami-like folding of 2D materials into wrinkled or crumpled topographies allows them to withstand large deformations by accordion-like unfolding, with implications for stretchable and shape-changing devices. Here, we review how mechanically manipulated 2D materials can interact with biological systems across a multitude of length scales. We focus on recent work where wrinkling, crumpling, or bending of 2D materials permits new chemical and material properties, with four case studies: (i) programming biomolecular reactivity and enhanced sensing, (ii) directed adhesion and encapsulation of bacteria or mammalian cells, (iii) stimuli-responsive actuators and soft robotics, and (iv) stretchable barrier technologies and wearable human-scale sensors. Finally, we consider future directions for manufacturing, materials and systems integration, as well as biocompatibility. Taken together, these 2D materials may enable new avenues for ultrasensitive molecular detection, biomaterial scaffolds, soft machines, and wearable technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Machnicki
- School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA. and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Fanfan Fu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Lin Jing
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Po-Yen Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Ian Y Wong
- School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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18
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Yang H, Yeow BS, Li Z, Li K, Chang TH, Jing L, Li Y, Ho JS, Ren H, Chen PY. Multifunctional metallic backbones for origami robotics with strain sensing and wireless communication capabilities. Sci Robot 2019; 4:4/33/eaax7020. [DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.aax7020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The tight integration of actuation, sensing, and communication capabilities into origami robots enables the development of new-generation functional robots. However, this task is challenging because the conventional materials (e.g., papers and plastics) for building origami robots lack design opportunities for incorporating add-on functionalities. Installing external electronics requires high system integration and inevitably increases the robotic weight. Here, a graphene oxide (GO)–enabled templating synthesis was developed to produce reconfigurable, compliant, multifunctional metallic backbones for the fabrication of origami robots with built-in strain sensing and wireless communication capabilities. The GO-enabled templating synthesis realized the production of complex noble metal origamis (such as Pt) with high structural replication of their paper templates. The reproduced Pt origami structures were further stabilized with thin elastomer, and the Pt-elastomer origamis were reconfigurable and served as the multifunctional backbones for building origami robots. Compared with traditional paper and plastic materials, the reconfigurable Pt backbones were more deformable, fire retardant, and power efficient. In addition, the robots with conductive Pt-elastomer backbones (Pt robots) demonstrated distinct capabilities—such as on-demand resistive heating, strain sensing, and built-in antennas—without the need for external electronics. The multifunctionality of Pt robots was further demonstrated to extend beyond the capabilities of traditional paper-based robots, such as melting an ice cube to escape, monitoring/recording robotic motions in real time, and wireless communications between robots. The development of multifunctional metallic backbones that couple actuation, sensing, and communication enriches the material library for the fabrication of soft robotics toward high functional integration.
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19
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Lee WK, Odom TW. Designing Hierarchical Nanostructures from Conformable and Deformable Thin Materials. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6170-6177. [PMID: 31184137 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective focuses on the design of hierarchical structures in deformable thin materials by patterning mechanical instabilities. Fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) structures with multiple length scales-starting at the nanoscale-can result in on-demand surface functionalities from the modification of the mechanical, chemical, and optical properties of materials. Conventional top-down lithography, however, cannot achieve 3D patterns over large areas (>cm2). In contrast, a bottom-up approach based on controlling strain in layered nanomaterials conformally coated on polymeric substrates can produce multiscale structures in parallel. In-plane and out-of-plane structural hierarchies formed by conformal buckling show unique structure-function relationships. Programmable hierarchical surfaces offer prospects to tune global- and local-level characteristics of nanomaterials that will positively impact applications in nanomechanics, nanoelectronics, and nanophotonics.
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20
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Yang H, Yeow BS, Chang TH, Li K, Fu F, Ren H, Chen PY. Graphene Oxide-Enabled Synthesis of Metal Oxide Origamis for Soft Robotics. ACS NANO 2019; 13:5410-5420. [PMID: 30896919 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Origami structures have been widely applied in various technologies especially in the fields of soft robotics. Metal oxides (MOs) have recently emerged as unconventional backbone materials for constructing complex origamis with distinct functionalities. However, the MO origami structures reported in the literature were rigid and not deformable, thus limiting their applications to soft robotics. Herein, we reported a graphene oxide (GO)-enabled templating synthesis to produce complex MO origami structures from their paper origami templates with high structural replication. The MO origami structures were next stabilized with elastomer, and the MO-elastomer origamis were able to be adapted into multiple actuation systems (including magnetic fields, shape-memory alloys, and pneumatics) for the fabrication of MO origami robots. Compared with conventional paper origami robots, the MO robots were lightweight, mechanically compliant, fire-retardant, magnetic responsive, and power efficient. We further demonstrated the legendary phoenix-fire-reborn concept in the soft robotics fields: a paper origami robot sacrificed itself in a fire scene and transformed itself into a downsized Al2O3 robot; the Al2O3 robot was able to crawl through a narrow tunnel where the original paper robot was unfit. These MO reconfigurable origamis provide an expanded material library for building soft robotics, and the functionalities of MO robots can be systematically engineered via the intercalation of various metal ions during the GO-enabled synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore (NUS) , 117585 , Singapore
| | - Bok Seng Yeow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , National University of Singapore (NUS) , 117585 , Singapore
| | - Ting-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore (NUS) , 117585 , Singapore
| | - Kerui Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore (NUS) , 117585 , Singapore
| | - Fanfan Fu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore (NUS) , 117585 , Singapore
| | - Hongliang Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , National University of Singapore (NUS) , 117585 , Singapore
| | - Po-Yen Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore (NUS) , 117585 , Singapore
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21
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Zhou L, Ma T, Li T, Ma X, Yin J, Jiang X. Dynamic Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) Strategy for Multiresponsive Hierarchical Pattern of Reversible Wrinkle. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15977-15985. [PMID: 30964635 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic micro-/nanowrinkle patterns with response to multienvironmental stimuli can offer a facile method for on-demand regulation of surface properties, thus allowing for generation of a smart surface. Here a practical yet robust strategy is described to fabricate redox, light and thermal responsive wrinkle by building dynamic double interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) as the top layer for a typical bilayer system. IPNs were constructed through the photochemical reaction of a mixture comprised of light-sensitive anthracene-containing polymer (PAN) and redox-sensitive disulfide-containing diacrylate monomer (DSDA). Thanks to the dynamic covalent reversible C-C bond in PAN and S-S bond in DSDA, the morphology of wrinkled surface not only can be reversibly and precisely (micrometer scale) tailored to all kinds of complicated hierarchical pattern permanently, but also can be controlled temporarily by irradiation of near-infrared light (NIR). A sine wave model is proposed to investigate the dynamics of real-time reversible wrinkle evolution. This general approach based on IPN allows independent multistimuli control over wettability and optical properties on the wrinkled surface, thus, presents a considerable alternative to implement a smart surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangwei Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
| | - Tianjiao Ma
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
| | - Jie Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology , Shanghai Tech University , Shanghai 201210 , P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
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22
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Abstract
Patterned surfaces are fundamentally important to physics, chemistry, materials, and biology science, endowing significant functions and thus bearing broad and fantastic applications whether in natural or man-made events. Among the various methods for patterning surfaces, wrinkling or buckling offers a powerful alternative to prepare surface patterns because of its spontaneous nature, versatility, easy preparation in large-scale, and capability to be responsive to various stimuli. In particular, patterned surfaces with dynamic wrinkles can tailor the encoded surface properties on demand and can provide a promising alternative for smart surfaces, which has potential for wide applications in enhanced and tunable optical or photoelectric devices, responsive microstructures, switchable wettability, smart adhesion and friction, and so on. The concept of smart patterned surfaces based on dynamic wrinkles is fundamental and versatile, and it is expected that there will be extensive future work based on this concept in generalizing this work to other smart materials and systems, and in using dynamic pattern systems to tune not only morphology but also functional properties encoded in the system's topography. In this Account, we present recent progress on smart surfaces with dynamic wrinkle patterns, including their design, preparation, and potential applications. First, we provide a brief introduction of a basic concept for mechanical instability induced wrinkle patterns and outline the general strategies and mechanics for dynamic wrinkles. Then, we discuss how the wrinkling and dewrinkling processes of a rigid skin bound to a soft substrate in bilayers or gradient layer systems occur by controlling the mechanical properties and geometric characteristics of the top and bulk layers, thereby paving the way for a smart patterned surface using chemical and physical approaches. Next, we discuss various chemical and physical stimuli, including light, temperature, pH, and chemicals, which can be harnessed into an extensive library of complex dynamic wrinkles. We highlight recent advances in preparing multiresponsive dynamic wrinkling patterns by adjusting the intrinsic properties of the skin layers (i.e., Young's modulus and cross-linking density) via dynamic chemistry, such as the Diels-Alder reaction, photodimerization, and supramolecular chemistry. Then, we outline how functional inclusions, such as photothermic or photoelectric additives and magnetic nanoparticles, can enable the composite elastic substrate as a dynamic platform for various functional top-layers to fabricate a smart surface for a desired function. In particular, photothermally reconfigurable wrinkle systems were investigated, where the carbon nanotube (CNT) served to efficiently convert its absorbed light energy into heat, hence actuating a real-time response of a near-infrared light (NIR)-sensitive wrinkle pattern and providing access to the development of advanced optoelectronic devices. In addition, based on their unique characteristics, applications of dynamic wrinkle patterns for smart displays, memory, flexible electronics, dynamic gratings, tunable adhesion, friction, and wettability are presented. Finally, we conclude by offering our perspective on future developments of this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Hou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuesong Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
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Chen W, Gui X, Yang L, Zhu H, Tang Z. Wrinkling of two-dimensional materials: methods, properties and applications. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2019; 4:291-320. [PMID: 32254086 DOI: 10.1039/c8nh00112j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene, its derivatives, metal films, MXenes and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), have been widely studied because of their tunable electronic structures and special electrical and optical properties. However, during the fabrication of these 2D materials with atomic thickness, formation of wrinkles or folds is unavoidable to enable their stable existence. Meaningfully, it is found that wrinkled structures simultaneously impose positive changes on the 2D materials. Specifically, the architecture of wrinkled structures in 2D materials additionally induces excellent properties, which are of great importance for their practical applications. In this review, we provide an overview of categories of 2D materials, which contains formation and fabrication methods of wrinkled patterns and relevant mechanisms, as well as the induced mechanical, electrical, thermal and optical properties. Furthermore, these properties are modifiable by controlling the surface topography or even by dynamically stretching the 2D materials. Wrinkling offers a platform for 2D materials to be applied in some promising fields such as field emitters, energy containers and suppliers, field effect transistors, hydrophobic surfaces, sensors for flexible electronics and artificial intelligence. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of wrinkled 2D materials in the near future are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.
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24
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Song J, Tan Y, Chu Z, Xiao M, Li G, Jiang Z, Wang J, Hu T. Hierarchical Reduced Graphene Oxide Ridges for Stretchable, Wearable, and Washable Strain Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1283-1293. [PMID: 30525398 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, flexible and wearable devices are increasingly in demand and graphene has been widely used due to its exceptional chemical, mechanical and electrical properties. Building complex buckling patterns of graphene is an essential strategy to increase its flexible and stretchable properties. Herein, a facile dimensionally controlled four-dimensional (4D) shrinking method was proposed to generate hierarchical reduced graphene oxide (rGO) buckling patterns on curved substrates mimicking different parts of the uniforms. The reduced graphene oxide ridges (rGORs) generated on the spherical substrate seem isotropic, while those generated on the cylindrical substrate are obviously more hierarchical or oriented, especially when the cylindrical substrate are shrinking via two steps. The oriented rGORs are superhydrophobic and strain sensitive but obviously anisotropic along the axial and circumferential directions. The sensitivity of rGORs along the axial direction is much higher than those along the circumferential direction. In addition, the intrinsic solvent barrier property of graphene enables the crack-free rGORs an excellent chemical protective performance, withstanding DCM immersion for more than 2.5 h. The flexible rGORs-based strain sensors can be used to detect both large and subtle human motions and activities by achieving high sensitivity (maximum gauge factor up to 48), high unidirectional stretchability (300-530%), and ultrahigh areal stretchability (up to 2690%). Excellent durability was also demonstrated for human motion monitoring with resistance to hand rubbing, ultrasonic cleaning, machine washing, and chemical immersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , P. R. China
| | - Yinlong Tan
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , P. R. China
| | - Zengyong Chu
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , P. R. China
| | - Min Xiao
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , P. R. China
| | - Gongyi Li
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , P. R. China
| | - Tianjiao Hu
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , P. R. China
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25
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Valentin TM, DuBois EM, Machnicki CE, Bhaskar D, Cui FR, Wong IY. 3D printed self-adhesive PEGDA–PAA hydrogels as modular components for soft actuators and microfluidics. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00211a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel building blocks that are stimuli-responsive and self-adhesive could be utilized as a simple “do-it-yourself” construction set for soft machines and microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Valentin
- School of Engineering
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Brown University
- Providence
- USA
| | - Eric M. DuBois
- School of Engineering
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Brown University
- Providence
- USA
| | | | - Dhananjay Bhaskar
- School of Engineering
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Brown University
- Providence
- USA
| | - Francis R. Cui
- School of Engineering
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Brown University
- Providence
- USA
| | - Ian Y. Wong
- School of Engineering
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Brown University
- Providence
- USA
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26
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Jang JS, Lim YW, Kim DH, Lee D, Koo WT, Lee H, Bae BS, Kim ID. Glass-Fabric Reinforced Ag Nanowire/Siloxane Composite Heater Substrate: Sub-10 nm Metal@Metal Oxide Nanosheet for Sensitive Flexible Sensing Platform. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802260. [PMID: 30589512 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of flexible chemiresistors is imperative for real-time monitoring of air quality and/or human physical conditions without space constraints. However, critical challenges such as poor sensing characteristics, vulnerability under toxic chemicals, and weak reliability hinder their practical use. In this work, for the first time, an ultrasensitive flexible sensing platform is reported by assembling Pt loaded thin-layered (≈10 nm) SnO2 nanosheets (Pt-SnO2 NSs) based 2D sensing layers on Ag nanowires embedded glass-fabric reinforced vinyl-phenyl siloxane hybrid composite substrate (AgNW-GFRVPH film) as a heater. The thermally stable AgNW-GFRVPH film based heater is fabricated by free radical polymerization of vinyl groups in vinyl-phenyl oligosiloxane and phenyltris(dimethylvinylsiloxy)silane with Ag NW and glass-fabric, showing outstanding heat generation (≈200 °C), high dimensional stability (13 ppm °C-1), and good thermal stability (≈350 °C). The Pt-SnO2 NSs, which are synthesized by calcination of Sn precursor coated graphene oxide (GO) sheets and subsequent Pt functionalization, exhibit high mechanical flexibility and superior response (Rair/Rgas = 4.84) to 1 ppm level dimethyl sulfide. Taking these advantages, GO-templated oxide NSs combined with a highly stable AgNW-GFRVPH film heater exhibits the best dimethyl sulfide sensing performance compared to state-of-the-art flexible chemiresistors, enabling them as a superior flexible gas sensing platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Soo Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Nanosensor Research Center, KI Nanocentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ha Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Nanosensor Research Center, KI Nanocentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
- Carbon Resources Institute Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Tae Koo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Nanosensor Research Center, KI Nanocentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunhwan Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Soo Bae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Nanosensor Research Center, KI Nanocentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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27
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Okogbue E, Kim JH, Ko TJ, Chung HS, Krishnaprasad A, Flores JC, Nehate S, Kaium MG, Park JB, Lee SJ, Sundaram KB, Zhai L, Roy T, Jung Y. Centimeter-Scale Periodically Corrugated Few-Layer 2D MoS 2 with Tensile Stretch-Driven Tunable Multifunctionalities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:30623-30630. [PMID: 30059199 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) layers exhibit superior optical, electrical, and structural properties unattainable in any traditional materials. Many of these properties are known to be controllable via external mechanical inputs, benefiting from their extremely small thickness coupled with large in-plane strain limits. However, realization of such mechanically driven tunability often demands highly complicated engineering of 2D TMD layer structures, which is difficult to achieve on a large wafer scale in a controlled manner. Herein, we explore centimeter-scale periodically corrugated 2D TMDs, particularly 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and report their mechanically tunable multifunctionalities. We developed a water-assisted process to homogeneously integrate few layers of 2D MoS2 on three-dimensionally corrugated elastomeric substrates on a large area (>2 cm2). The evolution of electrical, optical, and structural properties in these three-dimensionally corrugated 2D MoS2 layers was systematically studied under controlled tensile stretch. We identified that they present excellent electrical conductivity and photoresponsiveness as well as systematically tunable surface wettability and optical absorbance even under significant mechanical deformation. These novel three-dimensionally structured 2D materials are believed to offer exciting opportunities for large-scale, mechanically deformable devices of various form factors and unprecedented multifunctionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hee-Suk Chung
- Analytical Research Division , Korea Basic Science Institute , Jeonju 54907 , South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Jong Bae Park
- Analytical Research Division , Korea Basic Science Institute , Jeonju 54907 , South Korea
| | - Sei-Jin Lee
- Analytical Research Division , Korea Basic Science Institute , Jeonju 54907 , South Korea
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28
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Kong L, Xie CC, Gu H, Wang CP, Zhou X, Liu J, Zhou Z, Li ZY, Zhu J, Bu XH. Thermal Instability Induced Oriented 2D Pores for Enhanced Sodium Storage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800639. [PMID: 29673118 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical porous structures are highly desired for various applications. However, it is still challenging to obtain such materials with tunable architectures. Here, this paper reports hierarchical nanomaterials with oriented 2D pores by taking advantages of thermally instable bonds in vanadium-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). High-temperature calcination of these MOFs accompanied by the loss of coordinated water molecules and other components enables the formation of orderly slit-like 2D pores in vanadium oxide/porous carbon nanorods (VOx /PCs). This unique combination leads to an increase of the reactive surface area. In addition, optimized VOx /PCs demonstrate high-rate capability and ultralong cycling life for sodium storage. The assembled full cells also show high capacity and cycling stability. This report provides an effective strategy for producing MOFs-derived composites with hierarchical porous architectures for energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Kong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Chao Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Haichen Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Peng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xianlong Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xian-He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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29
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Chang TH, Tian Y, Wee DLY, Ren H, Chen PY. Crumpling and Unfolding of Montmorillonite Hybrid Nanocoatings as Stretchable Flame-Retardant Skin. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800596. [PMID: 29682898 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Flame-retardant coatings are widely used in a variety of personnel or product protection, and many applications would benefit from film stretchability if suitable materials are available. It is challenging to develop flame-retardant coatings that are stretchable, eco-friendly, and capable of being integrated on mechanically dynamic devices. Here, a concept is reported that uses pretextured montmorillonite (MMT) hybrid nanocoatings that can undergo programed unfolding to mimic the stretchability of elastomeric materials. These textured MMT coatings can be transferred onto an elastomeric substrate to achieve an MMT/elastomer bilayer device with high stretchability (225% areal strain) and effective flame retardancy. The bilayer composite is utilized as flame-retardant skin for a soft robotic gripper, and it is demonstrated that the actuated response can manipulate and rescue irregularly shaped objects from a fire scene. Furthermore, by depositing the conformal MMT nanocoatings on nitrile gloves, the firefree gloves can endure direct flame contact without ignition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Daniel L Y Wee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Hongliang Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Po-Yen Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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30
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Tang X, Zhou H, Cai Z, Cheng D, He P, Xie P, Zhang D, Fan T. Generalized 3D Printing of Graphene-Based Mixed-Dimensional Hybrid Aerogels. ACS NANO 2018; 12:3502-3511. [PMID: 29613763 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based mixed-dimensional materials hybridization is important for a myriad of applications. However, conventional manufacturing techniques face critical challenges in producing arbitrary geometries with programmable features, continuous interior networks, and multimaterials homogeneity. Here we propose a generalized three-dimensional (3D) printing methodology for graphene aerogels and graphene-based mixed-dimensional (2D + nD, where n is 0, 1, or 2) hybrid aerogels with complex architectures, by the development of hybrid inks and printing schemes to enable mix-dimensional hybrids printability, overcoming the limitations of multicomponents inhomogeneity and harsh post-treatments for additives removal. Importantly, nonplanar designed geometries are also demonstrated by shape-conformable printing on curved surfaces. We further demonstrate the 3D-printed hybrid aerogels as ultrathick electrodes in a symmetric compression tolerant microsupercapacitor, exhibiting quasi-proportionally enhanced areal capacitances at high levels of mass loading. The excellent performance is attributed to the sufficient ion- and electron-transport paths provided by the 3D-printed highly interconnected networks. The encouraging finding indicates tremendous potentials for practical energy storage applications. As a proof of concept, this general strategy provides avenues for various next-generation complex-shaped hybrid architectures from microscale to macroscale, for example, seawater desalination devices, electromagnetic shielding systems, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Tang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Han Zhou
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Zuocheng Cai
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Dongdong Cheng
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Peisheng He
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Peiwen Xie
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Tongxiang Fan
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
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31
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Liu W, Liu N, Yue Y, Rao J, Cheng F, Su J, Liu Z, Gao Y. Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor Based on Synergistical Innerconnect Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanowires/Wrinkled Graphene Film. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1704149. [PMID: 29527801 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Piezoresistive sensor is a promising pressure sensor due to its attractive advantages including uncomplicated signal collection, simple manufacture, economical and practical characteristics. Here, a flexible and highly sensitive pressure sensor based on wrinkled graphene film (WGF)/innerconnected polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanowires/interdigital electrodes is fabricated. Due to the synergistic effect between WGF and innerconnected PVA nanowires, the as-prepared pressure sensor realizes a high sensitivity of 28.34 kPa-1 . In addition, the device is able to discern lightweight rice about 22.4 mg (≈2.24 Pa) and shows excellent durability and reliability after 6000 repeated loading and unloading cycles. What is more, the device can detect subtle pulse beat and monitor various human movement behaviors in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Liu
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization and Devices (CNCD), Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Nishuang Liu
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization and Devices (CNCD), Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yang Yue
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization and Devices (CNCD), Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiangyu Rao
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization and Devices (CNCD), Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization and Devices (CNCD), Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jun Su
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization and Devices (CNCD), Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhitian Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Liufang Road 1, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Yihua Gao
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization and Devices (CNCD), Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
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32
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Huang G, Mei Y. Assembly and Self-Assembly of Nanomembrane Materials-From 2D to 3D. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1703665. [PMID: 29292590 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscience and nanotechnology offer great opportunities and challenges in both fundamental research and practical applications, which require precise control of building blocks with micro/nanoscale resolution in both individual and mass-production ways. The recent and intensive nanotechnology development gives birth to a new focus on nanomembrane materials, which are defined as structures with thickness limited to about one to several hundred nanometers and with much larger (typically at least two orders of magnitude larger, or even macroscopic scale) lateral dimensions. Nanomembranes can be readily processed in an accurate manner and integrated into functional devices and systems. In this Review, a nanotechnology perspective of nanomembranes is provided, with examples of science and applications in semiconductor, metal, insulator, polymer, and composite materials. Assisted assembly of nanomembranes leads to wrinkled/buckled geometries for flexible electronics and stacked structures for applications in photonics and thermoelectrics. Inspired by kirigami/origami, self-assembled 3D structures are constructed via strain engineering. Many advanced materials have begun to be explored in the format of nanomembranes and extend to biomimetic and 2D materials for various applications. Nanomembranes, as a new type of nanomaterials, allow nanotechnology in a controllable and precise way for practical applications and promise great potential for future nanorelated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoshan Huang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
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33
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Chen PY, Zhang M, Liu M, Wong IY, Hurt RH. Ultrastretchable Graphene-Based Molecular Barriers for Chemical Protection, Detection, and Actuation. ACS NANO 2018; 12:234-244. [PMID: 29165991 PMCID: PMC5780244 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of technologies requires barrier films to impede molecular transport between the external environment and a desired internal microclimate. Adding stretchability to barrier films would enable the applications in packaging, textiles, and flexible devices, but classical barrier materials utilize dense, ordered molecular architectures that easily fracture under small tensile strain. Here, we show that textured graphene-based coatings can serve as ultrastretchable molecular barriers expandable to 1500% areal strain through programmed unfolding that mimics the elasticity of polymers. These coatings retain barrier function under large deformation and can be conformally applied to planar or curved surfaces, where they are washfast and mechanically robust to cycling. These graphene-polymer bilayer structures also function as sensors or actuators by transducing chemical stimuli into mechanical deformation and electrical resistance change through asymmetric polymer swelling. These results may enable multifunctional fabrics that integrate chemical protection, sensing, and actuation, with further applications as selective barriers, membranes, stretchable electronics, or soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yen Chen
- Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 119077
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34
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Kim SJ, Kwon O, Kim DW, Kim J, Jung HT. Influence of graphene thickness and grain boundaries on MoS2 wrinkle nanostructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:17000-17008. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02460j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the influence of the graphene grain structure and thickness on the MoS2 wrinkle features were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Joon Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Organic Opto-Electronic Materials
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus)
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- South Korea
| | - Ohmin Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus)
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- South Korea
| | - Dae Woo Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Organic Opto-Electronic Materials
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus)
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- South Korea
| | - Jihan Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus)
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- South Korea
- KAIST Institute for Nanocentury
| | - Hee-Tae Jung
- National Research Laboratory for Organic Opto-Electronic Materials
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus)
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- South Korea
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35
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Zhang P, Wang F, Yu M, Zhuang X, Feng X. Two-dimensional materials for miniaturized energy storage devices: from individual devices to smart integrated systems. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7426-7451. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00561c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent advances, key challenges and perspectives regarding two-dimensional materials for miniaturized energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Faxing Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Minghao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
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36
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Tan Y, Chu Z, Jiang Z, Hu T, Li G, Song J. Gyrification-Inspired Highly Convoluted Graphene Oxide Patterns for Ultralarge Deforming Actuators. ACS NANO 2017; 11:6843-6852. [PMID: 28582627 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gyrification in the human brain is driven by the compressive stress induced by the tangential expansion of the cortical layer, while similar topographies can also be induced by the tangential shrinkage of the spherical substrate. Herein we introduce a simple three-dimensional (3D) shrinking method to generate the cortex-like patterns using two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) as the building blocks. By rotation-dip-coating a GO film on an air-charged latex balloon and then releasing the air slowly, a highly folded hydrophobic GO surface can be induced. Wrinkling-to-folding transition was observed and the folding state can be easily regulated by varying the prestrain of the substrate and the thickness of the GO film. Driven by the residue stresses stored in the system, sheet-to-tube actuating occurs rapidly once the bilayer system is cut into slices. In response to some organic solvents, however, the square bilayer actuator exhibits excellent reversible, bidirectional, large-deformational curling properties on wetting and drying. An ultralarge curvature of 2.75 mm-1 was observed within 18 s from the original negative bending to the final positive bending in response to tetrahydrofuran (THF). In addition to a mechanical hand, a swimming worm, a smart package, a bionic mimosa, and two bionic flowers, a crude oil collector has been designed and demonstrated, aided by the superhydrophobic and superoleophilic modified GO surface and the solvent-responsive bilayer system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlong Tan
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, P. R. China
| | - Zengyong Chu
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, P. R. China
| | - Tianjiao Hu
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, P. R. China
| | - Gongyi Li
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, P. R. China
| | - Jia Song
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, P. R. China
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