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Kim GY, Park S, Park G, Kang Y, Kim H, Kim J. Mn(acac) 3/Hydrazide-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Cross-Dehydrogenative Couplings of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Their Mechanistic Studies. J Org Chem 2025; 90:5966-5972. [PMID: 40254860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2025]
Abstract
Aerobic oxidative cross-dehydrogenative couplings of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines were developed using a Mn(acac)3 and ethyl 2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydrazine-1-carboxylate cocatalytic system. Nucleophiles, including nitroalkanes, dialkyl malonates, acetophenones, indoles, phosphonates, and phosphine oxides, were successfully employed to produce α-functionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines. Control experiments revealed that radical species are not involved in the mechanism. Additionally, 1H NMR and HRMS analyses in the stoichiometric reaction identified an aminal structure as a crucial intermediate. Computational studies further support the plausibility of a hydride transfer process in the oxidation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines instead of the triazane pathway, which was predominantly proposed in the DEAD-mediated reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehee Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayeong Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongyeong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, and Research Institute for Natural Science, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, and Research Institute for Natural Science, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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Kim SB, Park G, Park ES, Maiti S, Kim J. Mn-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative α-Cyanation of Tertiary Amines Using Azo/Hydrazide Redox. J Org Chem 2024; 89:14543-14548. [PMID: 39298278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Azo compounds such as diethyl azodicarboxylate have been used in oxidative coupling reactions to generate iminium ions from tertiary amines. However, the requirement of stoichiometric amounts of azo compounds limits their large-scale applications. Herein, we present an aerobic oxidative α-cyanation of tertiary amines using catalytic amounts of an azo compound or hydrazine. The developed protocol provides a practical and ecofriendly route for α-cyanated tertiary amines, using molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Been Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayeong Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Santanu Maiti
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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Kim SB, Maiti S, Park ES, Kim GY, Choun Y, Ahn SK, Kim JK, Kim J. One-Pot Synthesis of 1,3,4-Oxadiazines from Acylhydrazides and Allenoates. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093815. [PMID: 37175225 PMCID: PMC10180079 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The framework of 1,3,4-oxadiazine is crucial for numerous bioactive molecules, but only a limited number of synthetic methods have been reported for its production. In 2015, Wang's group developed a 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP)-catalyzed [2 + 4] cycloaddition of allenoates with N-acyldiazenes, which provided an atom-efficient route for 1,3,4-oxadiazines. However, the practicality of this method was limited by the instability of N-acyldiazenes as starting materials. Building upon our ongoing research about the aerobic oxidation of hydrazides and their synthetic applications, we hypothesized that aerobic oxidative cycloadditions using acylhydrazides instead of N-acyldiazenes may provide a more practical synthetic route for 1,3,4-oxadiazines. In this manuscript, we describe a one-pot synthetic protocol for 1,3,4-oxadiazines from acylhydrazides and allenoates. The developed one-pot protocol consists of aerobic oxidations of acylhydrazides into N-acyldiazenes using NaNO2 and HNO3, followed by the DMAP-catalyzed cycloaddition of allenoate with the generated N-acyldiazenes. A variety of 1,3,4-oxadiazines were produced in good to high yields. In addition, the practicality of the developed method was demonstrated by a gram-scale synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Been Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Santanu Maiti
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunji Choun
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Kil Ahn
- Institute for New Drug Development, Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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Lim JH, Baek SE, Lad BS, Kim J. Synthesis of 2-Imino-1,3,4-oxadiazolines from Acylhydrazides and Isothiocyanates via Aerobic Oxidation and a DMAP-Mediated Annulation Sequence. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28148-28159. [PMID: 35990423 PMCID: PMC9386851 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an efficient synthesis of 2-imino-1,3,4-oxadiazolines from acylhydrazides and isothiocyanates is described. In the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and molecular oxygen, various 2-imino-1,3,4-oxadiazolines were produced in good to high yields. The developed method showed a broad substrate scope and was effective on the gram scale. On the basis of the mechanistic studies and previous literature, it was proposed that the mechanism consists of an aerobic oxidation of acylhydrazides facilitated by DMAP and isothiocyanates, followed by a DMAP-mediated annulation of the in situ generated acyldiazenes with isothiocyanates.
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One‐pot synthesis of 2‐imino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolines from acylhydrazides and isothiocyanates. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kadu VD, Khadul SP, Kothe GJ, Mali GA. Rapid One‐Pot Aerobic Oxidative
N
‐α‐C(sp
3
)‐
H
Functionalization of Arylmethylamines to Access Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas D. Kadu
- School of Chemical Sciences Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University Solapur 413255 Maharashtra India
| | - Siddheshwar P. Khadul
- School of Chemical Sciences Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University Solapur 413255 Maharashtra India
| | - Gokul J. Kothe
- School of Chemical Sciences Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University Solapur 413255 Maharashtra India
| | - Ganesh A. Mali
- School of Chemical Sciences Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University Solapur 413255 Maharashtra India
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Ruan Z, Wang M, Yang C, Zhu L, Su Z, Hong R. Total Synthesis of (+)-Hinckdentine A: Harnessing Noncovalent Interactions for Organocatalytic Bromination. JACS AU 2022; 2:793-800. [PMID: 35557764 PMCID: PMC9088303 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Hinckdentine A, a marine-sponge-derived tribrominated indole alkaloid bearing a unique indolo[1,2-c]quinazoline skeleton, was completed in 12 steps featuring the construction of the Nα-quaternary carbon center by asymmetric azo-ene cyclization. A novel organocatalyst was developed to promote high-yielding tribromination, which represents a challenging process encountered in previous syntheses. Density functional theory calculations scrutinized viable substrates and deciphered the origin of the enhancement of C8 electrophilic bromination with a bifunctional organocatalyst. Moreover, the application of organocatalyst-enabled bromination on various substrates was demonstrated to highlight future late functionalizations of biologically intriguing targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuwei Ruan
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center
for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101419, China
| | - Min Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chen Yang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center
for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101419, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center
for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101419, China
| | - Zhishan Su
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Ran Hong
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center
for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101419, China
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