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Li S, Bhatti S, Teo SL, Lin M, Pan X, Yang Z, Song P, Tian W, He X, Chai J, Loh XJ, Zhu Q, Piramanayagam SN, Renshaw Wang X. Electrical Control Grain Dimensionality with Multilevel Magnetic Anisotropy. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38781247 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In alignment with the increasing demand for larger storage capacity and longer data retention, the electrical control of magnetic anisotropy has been a research focus in the realm of spintronics. Typically, magnetic anisotropy is determined by grain dimensionality, which is set during the fabrication of magnetic thin films. Despite the intrinsic correlation between magnetic anisotropy and grain dimensionality, there is a lack of experimental evidence for electrically controlling grain dimensionality, thereby impairing the efficiency of magnetic anisotropy modulation. Here, we demonstrate an electric field control of grain dimensionality and prove it as the active mechanism for tuning interfacial magnetism. The reduction in grain dimensionality is associated with a transition from ferromagnetic to superparamagnetic behavior. We achieve a nonvolatile and reversible modulation of the coercivity in both the ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic regimes. Subsequent electrical and elemental analysis confirms the variation in grain dimensionality upon the application of gate voltages, revealing a transition from a multidomain to a single-domain state, accompanied by a reduction in grain dimensionality. Furthermore, we exploit the influence of grain dimensionality on domain wall motion, extending its applicability to multilevel magnetic memory and synaptic devices. Our results provide a strategy for tuning interfacial magnetism through grain size engineering for advancements in high-performance spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyao Li
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Sabpreet Bhatti
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Siew Lang Teo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634 Singapore
| | - Ming Lin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634 Singapore
| | - Xinyue Pan
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Zherui Yang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Peng Song
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798 Singapore
| | - Wanghao Tian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798 Singapore
| | - Xinyu He
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Jianwei Chai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634 Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634 Singapore
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634 Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833 Singapore
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - S N Piramanayagam
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Xiao Renshaw Wang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798 Singapore
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Wang Q, Gu Y, Chen C, Han L, Fayaz MU, Pan F, Song C. Strain-Induced Uphill Hydrogen Distribution in Perovskite Oxide Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:3726-3734. [PMID: 38197268 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Incorporating hydrogen into transition-metal oxides (TMOs) provides a facile and powerful way to manipulate the performances of TMOs, and thus numerous efforts have been invested in developing hydrogenation methods and exploring the property modulation via hydrogen doping. However, the distribution of hydrogen ions, which is a key factor in determining the physicochemical properties on a microscopic scale, has not been clearly illustrated. Here, focusing on prototypical perovskite oxide (NdNiO3 and La0.67Sr0.33MnO3) epitaxial films, we find that hydrogen distribution exhibits an anomalous "uphill" feature (against the concentration gradient) under tensile strain, namely, the proton concentration enhances upon getting farther from the hydrogen source. Distinctly, under a compressive strain state, hydrogen shows a normal distribution without uphill features. The epitaxial strain significantly influences the chemical lattice coupling and the energy profile as a function of the hydrogen doping position, thus dominating the hydrogen distribution. Furthermore, the strain-(H+) distribution relationship is maintained in different hydrogenation methods (metal-alkali treatment) which is first applied to perovskite oxides. The discovery of strain-dependent hydrogen distribution in oxides provides insights into tailoring the magnetoelectric and energy-conversion functionalities of TMOs via strain engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Youdi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Muhammad Umer Fayaz
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Cheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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3
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Wang Q, Gu Y, Chen C, Qiao L, Pan F, Song C. Realizing Metastable Cobaltite Perovskite via Proton-Induced Filling of Oxygen Vacancy Channels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:1574-1582. [PMID: 36537655 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between transition-metal oxides (TMOs) and protons has become a key issue in magneto-ionics and proton-conducting fuel cells. Until now, most investigations on oxide-proton reactions rely on electrochemical tools, while the direct interplay between protons and oxides remains basically at simple dissolution of metal oxides by an acidic solution. In this work, we find classical TMO brownmillerite SrCoO2.5 (B-SCO) films with ordered oxygen vacancy channels experiencing an interesting transition to a metastable perovskite phase (M-SCO) in a weak acidic solution. M-SCO exhibits a strong ferromagnetism (1.01 μB/Co, Tc > 200 K) and a greatly elevated electrical conductivity (∼104 of pristine SrCoO2.5), which is similar to the prototypical perovskite SrCoO3. Besides, such M-SCO tends to transform back to B-SCO in a vacuum environment or heating at a relatively low temperature. Two possible mechanisms (H2O addition/active oxygen filling) have been proposed to explain the phenomenon, and the control experiments demonstrate that the latter mechanism is the dominant process. Our work finds a new way to realize cobaltite perovskite with enhanced magnetoelectric properties and may deepen the understanding of oxide-proton interaction in an aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Youdi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Leilei Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Cheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
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4
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Fazl-Ur-Rahman K, Periyasamy G. Role of oxygen vacancy ordering on structure and reactivity of iron-doped Sr-based perovskites: A computational study. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tang Y, Chiabrera F, Morata A, Cavallaro A, Liedke MO, Avireddy H, Maller M, Butterling M, Wagner A, Stchakovsky M, Baiutti F, Aguadero A, Tarancón A. Ion Intercalation in Lanthanum Strontium Ferrite for Aqueous Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:18486-18497. [PMID: 35412787 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ion intercalation of perovskite oxides in liquid electrolytes is a very promising method for controlling their functional properties while storing charge, which opens up its potential application in different energy and information technologies. Although the role of defect chemistry in oxygen intercalation in a gaseous environment is well established, the mechanism of ion intercalation in liquid electrolytes at room temperature is poorly understood. In this study, the defect chemistry during ion intercalation of La0.5Sr0.5FeO3-δ thin films in alkaline electrolytes is studied. Oxygen and proton intercalation into the La1-xSrxFeO3-δ perovskite structure is observed at moderate electrochemical potentials (0.5 to -0.4 V), giving rise to a change in the oxidation state of Fe (as a charge compensation mechanism). The variation of the concentration of holes as a function of the intercalation potential is characterized by in situ ellipsometry, and the concentration of electron holes is indirectly quantified for different electrochemical potentials. Finally, a dilute defect chemistry model that describes the variation of defect species during ionic intercalation is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Tang
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Chiabrera
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Functional Oxides Group, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 310, 233, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alex Morata
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Cavallaro
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Maciej O Liedke
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hemesh Avireddy
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Maller
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maik Butterling
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michel Stchakovsky
- HORIBA Scientific, 14 Boulevard Thomas Gobert, Passage Jobin Yvon, CS 45002-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Federico Baiutti
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ainara Aguadero
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Tarancón
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Hu S, Zhu Y, Han W, Li X, Ji Y, Ye M, Jin C, Liu Q, Hu S, Wang J, Wang J, He J, Cazorla C, Chen L. High-Conductive Protonated Layered Oxides from H 2 O Vapor-Annealed Brownmillerites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2104623. [PMID: 34590356 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Protonated 3d transition-metal oxides often display low electronic conduction, which hampers their application in electric, magnetic, thermoelectric, and catalytic fields. Electronic conduction can be enhanced by co-inserting oxygen acceptors simultaneously. However, the currently used redox approaches hinder protons and oxygen ions co-insertion due to the selective switching issues. Here, a thermal hydration strategy for systematically exploring the synthesis of conductive protonated oxides from 3d transition-metal oxides is introduced. This strategy is illustrated by synthesizing a novel layered-oxide SrCoO3 H from the brownmillerite SrCoO2.5 . Compared to the insulating SrCoO2.5 , SrCoO3 H exhibits an unprecedented high electronic conductivity above room temperature, water uptake at 250 °C, and a thermoelectric power factor of up to 1.2 mW K-2 m-1 at 300 K. These findings open up opportunities for creating high-conductive protonated layered oxides by protons and oxygen ions co-doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbai Hu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuanmin Zhu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Wenqiao Han
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yanjiang Ji
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Cai Jin
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sixia Hu
- SUSTech Core Research Facilities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiaou Wang
- Laboratory of Synchrotron Radiation, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiaqing He
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Claudio Cazorla
- Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord B4-B5, Barcelona, E-08034, Spain
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Chaturvedi V, Postiglione WM, Chakraborty RD, Yu B, Tabiś W, Hameed S, Biniskos N, Jacobson A, Zhang Z, Zhou H, Greven M, Ferry VE, Leighton C. Doping- and Strain-Dependent Electrolyte-Gate-Induced Perovskite to Brownmillerite Transformation in Epitaxial La 1-xSr xCoO 3-δ Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:51205-51217. [PMID: 34693713 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Much recent attention has focused on the voltage-driven reversible topotactic transformation between the ferromagnetic metallic perovskite (P) SrCoO3-δ and oxygen-vacancy-ordered antiferromagnetic insulating brownmillerite (BM) SrCoO2.5. This is emerging as a paradigmatic example of the power of electrochemical gating (using, e.g., ionic liquids/gels), the wide modulation of electronic, magnetic, and optical properties generating clear application potential. SrCoO3 films are challenging with respect to stability, however, and there has been little exploration of alternate compositions. Here, we present the first study of ion-gel-gating-induced P → BM transformations across almost the entire La1-xSrxCoO3 phase diagram (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.70), under both tensile and compressive epitaxial strain. Electronic transport, magnetometry, and operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction establish that voltage-induced P → BM transformations are possible at essentially all x, including x ≤ 0.50, where both P and BM phases are highly stable. Under small compressive strain, the transformation threshold voltage decreases from approximately +2.7 V at x = 0 to negligible at x = 0.70. Both larger compressive strain and tensile strain induce further threshold voltage lowering, particularly at low x. The P → BM threshold voltage is thus tunable, via both composition and strain. At x = 0.50, voltage-controlled ferromagnetism, transport, and optical transmittance are then demonstrated, achieving Curie temperature and resistivity modulations of ∼220 K and at least 5 orders of magnitude, respectively, and enabling estimation of the voltage-dependent Co valence. The results are analyzed in the context of doping- and strain-dependent oxygen vacancy formation energies and diffusion coefficients, establishing that it is thermodynamic factors, not kinetics, that underpin the decrease in the threshold voltage with x, that is, with increasing formal Co valence. These findings substantially advance the practical and mechanistic understanding of this voltage-driven transformation, with fundamental and technological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - William M Postiglione
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rohan D Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Biqiong Yu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Wojciech Tabiś
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Sajna Hameed
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Nikolaos Biniskos
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andrew Jacobson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Hua Zhou
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Martin Greven
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Vivian E Ferry
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Chris Leighton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Li HB, Kobayashi S, Zhong C, Namba M, Cao Y, Kato D, Kotani Y, Lin Q, Wu M, Wang WH, Kobayashi M, Fujita K, Tassel C, Terashima T, Kuwabara A, Kobayashi Y, Takatsu H, Kageyama H. Dehydration of Electrochemically Protonated Oxide: SrCoO 2 with Square Spin Tubes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17517-17525. [PMID: 34647722 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Controlling oxygen deficiencies is essential for the development of novel chemical and physical properties such as high-Tc superconductivity and low-dimensional magnetic phenomena. Among reduction methods, topochemical reactions using metal hydrides (e.g., CaH2) are known as the most powerful method to obtain highly reduced oxides including Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 superconductor, though there are some limitations such as competition with oxyhydrides. Here we demonstrate that electrochemical protonation combined with thermal dehydration can yield highly reduced oxides: SrCoO2.5 thin films are converted to SrCoO2 by dehydration of HSrCoO2.5 at 350 °C. SrCoO2 forms square (or four-legged) spin tubes composed of tetrahedra, in contrast to the conventional infinite-layer structure. Detailed analyses suggest the importance of the destabilization of the SrCoO2.5 precursor by electrochemical protonation that can greatly alter reaction energy landscape and its gradual dehydration (H1-xSrCoO2.5-x/2) for the SrCoO2 formation. Given the applicability of electrochemical protonation to a variety of transition metal oxides, this simple process widens possibilities to explore novel functional oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Bo Li
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kobayashi
- Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan
| | - Chengchao Zhong
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Morito Namba
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Daichi Kato
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kotani
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Qianmei Lin
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Maokun Wu
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photo-Electronic Thin Film Device and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei-Hua Wang
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photo-Electronic Thin Film Device and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Cédric Tassel
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takahito Terashima
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Akihide Kuwabara
- Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan
| | - Yoji Kobayashi
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takatsu
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kageyama
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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9
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Gao L, Chen X, Lyu X, Ji G, Chen Z, Zhu M, Cao X, Li C, Ji A, Cao Z, Lu N. Tracing the ionic evolution during ILG induced phase transformation in strontium cobaltite thin films. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:104004. [PMID: 33570048 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abd1b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquid gating (ILG) that drives the ions incorporate into or extract from the crystal lattice, has emerged as a new pathway to design materials. Although many intriguing emergent phenomena, novel physical properties and functionalities have been obtained, the gating mechanism governing the ion and charge transport remains unexplored. Here, by using the model system of brownmillerite SrCoO2.5 and the corresponding electric-field controlled tri-state phase transformation among the pristine SrCoO2.5, hydrogenated HSrCoO2.5 and oxidized perovskite SrCoO3-δ through the dual ion switch, the ionic diffusion and electronic transport processes were carefully investigated. Through controlling gating experiment by design, we find out that the collaborative interaction between charge transport and ion diffusion plays an essential role to prompt the hydrogen or oxygen ions incorporate into the crystal lattice of SrCoO2.5, and therefore leading to formation of new phases. At region closer to the electrode, the electron can shuttle more readily in (out) the material, correspondingly the incorporation of hydrogen (oxygen) ions and phase transformation is largely affiliated. With the compensated charge of electron as well as the reaction front gradually moving away from the electrode, the new phases would be developed successively across the entire thin film. This result unveils the underlying mechanism in the electric-field control of ionic incorporation and extraction, and therefore provides important strategy to achieve high efficient design of material functionalities in complex oxide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokun Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Lyu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiping Ji
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanfen Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Center for Optoelectronics Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingtong Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dingxi Road 1295, Changning, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaorong Li
- Center for Optoelectronics Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ailing Ji
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Zexian Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianpeng Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
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Ning S, Zhang Q, Occhialini C, Comin R, Zhong X, Ross CA. Voltage Control of Magnetism above Room Temperature in Epitaxial SrCo 1-xFe xO 3-δ. ACS NANO 2020; 14:8949-8957. [PMID: 32568512 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Searching for new materials and phenomena to enable voltage control of magnetism and magnetic properties holds compelling interest for the development of low-power nonvolatile memory devices. In particular, reversible and nonvolatile ON/OFF controls of magnetism above room temperature are highly desirable yet still elusive. Here, we report on a nonvolatile voltage control of magnetism in epitaxial SrCo1-xFexO3-δ (SCFO). The substitution of Co with Fe significantly changes the magnetic properties of SCFO. In particular, for the Co/Fe ratio of ∼1:1, a switch between nonmagnetic (OFF) and ferromagnetic (ON) states with a Curie temperature above room temperature is accomplished by ionic liquid gating at ambient conditions with voltages as low as ±2 V, even for films with thickness up to 150 nm. Tuning the oxygen stoichiometry via the polarity and duration of gating enables reversible and continuous control of the magnetization between 0 and 100 emu/cm3 (0.61 μB/f.u.) at room temperature. In addition, SCFO was successfully incorporated into self-assembled two-phase vertically aligned nanocomposites, in which the reversible voltage control of magnetism above room temperature is also attained. The notable structural response of SCFO to ionic liquid gating allows large strain couplings between the two oxides in these nanocomposites, with potential for voltage-controlled and strain-mediated functionality based on couplings between structure, composition, and physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ning
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), the State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Connor Occhialini
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Riccardo Comin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Zhong
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), the State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong,, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Caroline A Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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