1
|
Hu Q, Tong X, Wan D, Hu C, Ke Q, Shen Y. The incidence of gallbladder carcinoma is increasing in the younger U.S. population: a SEER-based study. HPB (Oxford) 2024; 26:1200-1202. [PMID: 38862378 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Tong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dalong Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghong Ke
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rohani P, Rasoulizadeh Z, Tavakoli S, Alimadadi H, Vahidshahi K, Fatahi S, Sohouli MH, Guimarães NS. Effect of a carbohydrate-restricted diet on weight loss in overweight and obese pediatric population: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:210. [PMID: 39210411 PMCID: PMC11360302 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are conflicting findings regarding the effect of low-carbohydrate diets on obesity-related factors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a carbohydrate-restricted (CR) diet on changes in anthropometric indicators of adiposity and fat distribution in pediatrics populations. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase electronic databases using predefined keywords to identify all randomized controlled trials examining the effects of CR on obesity-related factors. The pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. RESULTS Findings from 11 studies demonstrated significant reductions in weight (WMD: -2.31 kg; 95% CI: -4.44, -0.18), BMI (WMD:-1.08 kg/m2; 95% CI: -1.91, -0.26), and fat mass (WMD: -1.43%; 95% CI: -2.43 to -0.43) as well as a significant increase in adiponectin levels (WMD: 0.74 ng/ml; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.47) in the CR diet group compared to the control group. However, no significant effect was observed on BMI z-score (WMD:-0.10; 95% CI: -0.21, 0.01), waist circumference (WMD:-3.03 cm; 95% CI: -6.57, 0.51) or leptin levels (WMD: -0.82 ng/ml; 95% CI: -2.26, 0.61). Stratified analysis rrevealed a greater effect of CR on weight and BMI reduction in interventions ≤ 12 weeks and in very low-carbohydrate diets. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, it appears that CR diet, along with other lifestyle factors, can lead to significant improvements in weight loss on pediatrics with obesity/overweight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Rohani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Rasoulizadeh
- School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sogand Tavakoli
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Alimadadi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koroush Vahidshahi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Fatahi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Sohouli
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manueli Laos EG, Martinino A, Mangano A, Ducas A, Schlottmann F, Pirzada A, Masrur MA. Disparities in Bariatric Surgery Outcomes: A Regional Analysis. Obes Surg 2024:10.1007/s11695-024-07470-4. [PMID: 39196506 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07470-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The success of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is impacted by significant pre-surgical attrition rates and poor postoperative follow-up. This study focused on geographic variations in attrition rates and surgical outcomes for MBS practice for which the patient population is drawn from nine Chicago neighborhoods, to examine whether suboptimal weight loss or reduced adherence to the program varied across neighborhoods. METHODS Patients who presented for their initial MBS consultation at the University of Illinois (UI) Health's program between January 2019 and December 2020 were identified from electronic medical records. Demographic and medical information was extracted, along with postoperative weight at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. The Chicago area was divided into nine geographic regions. The outcomes of interest were preoperative attrition rate, postoperative compliance to follow-up appointments, and postoperative weight loss for each group and by residential neighborhood. RESULTS A total of 1202 patients were included in this analysis, of whom 423 (35%) underwent surgery and 780 did not, representing a pre-surgical attrition rate of 64.9%. Age, sex, and race/ethnic distribution varied markedly across geographic regions. Postoperative weight loss varied significantly in neighborhoods with higher proportions of residents from racial/ethnic minority backgrounds. Preoperative attrition and postoperative compliance did not differ across geographic regions. CONCLUSION Patients' residential neighborhoods may influence weight loss after MBS. Preoperative and postoperative compliance did not vary by residential neighborhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano G Manueli Laos
- Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Suite 435E, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | | | - Alberto Mangano
- Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Suite 435E, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Alvaro Ducas
- Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Suite 435E, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Francisco Schlottmann
- Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Suite 435E, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Alemán of Buenos Aires C1118AAT, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Mario A Masrur
- Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Suite 435E, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rajeev D, MacIver NJ. Metformin as a Therapeutic Agent for Obesity-Associated Immune Dysfunction. J Nutr 2024; 154:2534-2542. [PMID: 38972391 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with impaired immune function, characterized by inflammation, and leading to poor response to infection, impaired vaccine response, increased susceptibility to autoimmune disease, and increased risk of cancer and cancer mortality. Worse, there is evidence that weight loss alone may be insufficient to reverse the immune dysfunction caused by obesity. It is therefore critically important to identify alternative therapeutic approaches to decrease the negative effects of obesity-associated inflammation. In this article, we will review evidence that the antidiabetic drug metformin may be considered as a therapeutic agent for obesity-associated immune dysfunction. Metformin has immunomodulatory effects, stimulating or suppressing the immune response in both a cell-specific and disease-specific manner. Although the mechanism of action of metformin on the immune system remains to be fully elucidated, there is strong evidence that metformin enters select immune cells and disrupts electron transport, leading to both AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent and AMPK-independent effects on immune cell differentiation and cytokine production. These effects of metformin on immune cells have been shown to improve immune responses to infection, autoimmunity, and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devika Rajeev
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nancie J MacIver
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Garbeloto F, Maia J, Barreira TV, Hedeker D, Chaput JP, Garganta R, Farias C, Santos R, Stodden DF, Tani G, Katzmarzyk PT, Pereira S. Is there an association between proficiency in fundamental movement skills and mderate-to-vigorous physical activity in childhood on weekdays and weekends? The REACT project. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24085. [PMID: 38622994 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study probes into the association between children's fundamental movement skills (FMS) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during weekdays and weekends. METHODS This cross-sectional sample included 1014 children aged 6-10 years from the REACT project. Physical activity was assessed with accelerometry, and five FMS (stationary dribble, kick, catch, overhand throw, and underhand roll) were assessed with the digital platform Meu Educativo®. Three groups were formed based on the frequency of FMS that each child mastered: group 1 (wizard level in four or five FMS); group 2 (wizard level in two or three FMS); and group 3 (wizard level in at most one skill). Multilevel models were used to analyze the data treating children (level-1) nested within schools (level-2). RESULTS Compared to group 1, groups 2 (-12.9 ± 2.3 min day-1) and 3 (-23.9 ± 2.4 min day-1) were less physically active during weekdays and weekends (group 2: -14.7 ± 2.7 min day-1 and group 3: -22.4 ± 2.9 min day-1), independent of age and sex. There was a decline in MVPA during the weekend. Further, on average, boys were more active than girls, and with increasing age, children were less active. CONCLUSION On average, children with higher FMS levels are generally more physically active than their peers with lower FMS levels. Even though MVPA tends to decline on weekends, FMS proficiency is a significant factor in maintaining 60 min of MVPA on weekends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Garbeloto
- Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Maia
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago V Barreira
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Donald Hedeker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Garganta
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudio Farias
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Santos
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David F Stodden
- Department of Physical Education & Athletic Training, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Go Tani
- Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sara Pereira
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Masrur MA, Laos EGM, Ducas A, Pirzada A, Schlottmann F. Weight a Minute: the Role of Emergent Anti-obesity Medications in the Management of Severe Obesity. Obes Surg 2024; 34:2685-2687. [PMID: 38727948 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Masrur
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Suite 435E, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Emiliano G Manueli Laos
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Suite 435E, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Alvaro Ducas
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Suite 435E, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Francisco Schlottmann
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Suite 435E, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Alemán of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sohail AH, Flesner SL, Martinez KA, Nguyen H, Martinez C, Ye IB, Jreisat BH, Rohail A, Quazi MA, Pacheco TBS, Williams CE, Bhatti UF, Sheikh AB, Goyal A. Trends in gastric surgery operative experience among general surgery residents in the United States: A nationwide retrospective analysis. Surgery 2024; 175:1518-1523. [PMID: 38503604 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric surgery is a crucial component of general surgery training. However, there is a paucity of high-quality data on operative volume and the diversity of surgical procedures that general surgery residents are exposed to. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of operative case logs of all general surgery residents graduating from the American College of Graduate Medical Education-accredited program from 2009 to 2022. Data on the mean number of gastric procedures, including the mean in each subcategory, were retrieved. A Mann-Kendall trend test was used to investigate trends in operative volume. RESULTS Between 2009 and 2022, the mean overall logged gastric procedures rose significantly (τ = 0.722, P < .001) from 36.2 in 2009 to 49.2 in 2022 (35.9% increase). The most substantial growth was seen in laparoscopic gastric reduction for morbid obesity (mean 1.9 in 2017 to 19 in 2022; τ = 0.670, P = .009). A statistically significant increase was also seen in laparoscopic partial gastric resections, repair of gastric perforation, and "other major stomach procedures" (P < .05 for all comparisons). Open gastrostomy, open partial gastric resections, and open vagotomy all significantly decreased (P < .05 for all comparisons). There was no significant change in the volume of laparoscopic gastrectomy, total gastric resections, and non-laparoscopic gastric reductions for morbid obesity (P > .05 for all comparisons). CONCLUSION There has been a substantial increase in the volume of gastric surgery during residency over the past 14 years, driven mainly by an increase in laparoscopic gastric reduction. However, there may still be a need for further gastric surgical training to ensure well-rounded general surgeons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ivan B Ye
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, Long Island, NY
| | | | - Amal Rohail
- Midwestern University, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, IL
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aman Goyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tuyizere O, Gustafson CR, Rose DJ. Health Prompts Affect Consideration of Health but Not Intertemporal Preferences While Promoting Healthier Food Choices. Nutrients 2024; 16:1454. [PMID: 38794692 PMCID: PMC11123726 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet-related diseases impact populations across the globe. While intertemporal preferences-a fundamental preference for the distribution of benefits across time-have been used to explain low-quality food choices, the recent literature proposes another cause: inattention to the future implications (or opportunity costs) of the options faced. Food choices tend to become habitual to conserve cognitive resources, rather than carefully modeling future health impacts. Both low discount rates for future benefits and attention to future health impacts predict healthier decisions. While intertemporal preferences are stable, attention may provide an opportunity to intervene in the decision process to promote healthier decisions. In this study, we test the impact of a simple message that highlights health during food choice on the healthiness of the foods chosen and on health consideration and intertemporal preferences. Our results show that actively considering health outcomes and lower discount rates lead to healthier food choices. We find that messaging increases the consideration of health outcomes during food choice but does not affect intertemporal preferences, suggesting that simple prompts may be an effective way to promote decisions balancing short- and long-term benefits by drawing attention to the overlooked opportunity costs of choices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Tuyizere
- Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | | | - Devin J. Rose
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;
- Department of Agronomy & Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang X, Yang L, Zhang J, Lix LM, Leslie WD, Kan B, Yang S. Secular Trends in Peak Bone Mineral Density: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018. Calcif Tissue Int 2024; 114:480-489. [PMID: 38522039 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-024-01198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Peak bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the most important factors influencing the development of osteoporosis. It was predicted that a 10% increase in peak BMD will delay the onset of osteoporosis by 13 years. However, changes in peak BMD over time are unknown. This study aimed to investigate secular trends in peak BMD among young adults in the United States. Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999-2018, 3,975 males aged 19-28 years and 2370 females aged 31-40 years were our target population for estimating peak lumbar spine BMD. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Generalized linear models adjusted for multiple covariates were used to examine the secular trends in peak BMD in males and females, respectively. Secular trends for peak lumbar spine BMD from 1999-2000 to 2017-2018 were not statistically significant in males or females (all Plinear and Pquadratic > 0.05). Similar results were observed in race/ethnicity subgroups (all Plinear and Pquadratic > 0.05). However, in stratified analyses by obesity category, peak lumbar spine BMD in obese males and females increased from 1999-2000 to 2009-2010 and then decreased until 2017-2018, while peak lumbar spine BMD in non-obese females decreased from 1999-2000 to 2005-2006 and then increased until 2017-2018 (all Pquadratic < 0.05). Peak lumbar spine BMD was greater in obese males and females than in non-obese males and females up to 2009-2010, but not from 2011-2012 onwards. Overall, there were no significant secular trends in peak lumbar spine BMD. However, secular trends differed between obese and non-obese groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Linghua Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Lisa M Lix
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - William D Leslie
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Bo Kan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuman Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Harville II C, James DCS, Patterson A, Harper S, Petchulat-McMillan L. A Cross-Sectional Study of Grocery Shopping Factors of Importance among Food-Insecure African Americans. Nutrients 2024; 16:1188. [PMID: 38674878 PMCID: PMC11054405 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to (1) assess via cross-sectional survey the prevalence of food insecurity among African Americans [AAs] after their most recent grocery shopping trip, and (2) examine the grocery shopping factors of importance and characteristics of food-insecure AA grocery shoppers. Most (70.4%) were food-insecure. Food-insecure grocery shoppers were significantly more likely to be younger, less educated, who often skipped meals and/or practiced fasting, accessed a food pantry, were SNAP recipients, were considered to not be in "good" health, and who had higher BMI compared to food-secure shoppers (p ≤ 0.03 * for all). Our data showed that AAs shopped for groceries a mean 2.20 ± 1.29 times per week, for low prices (72.1%), without a weekly budget (58.9%), with a grocery list (44.6%) or using an app (27.6%), for high-quality vegetables (27.5%), for good customer service (22.9%), for store brands (20.8%) and name brands (17.9%).Food-insecure shoppers were significantly more likely to grocery shop more times per week, have a weekly budget, and use an app, but were significantly less likely to report store brands, name brands, good customer service, and high-quality vegetables as grocery factors of importance (p ≤ 0.03 * for all). Grocery strategies such as shopping with a grocery app and/or grocery list could help food-insecure AAs reduce grocery trips, promote meal planning to save money, and avoid skipping meals/fasting, while eating healthier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Harville II
- Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville, Campus Box 1147, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA; (A.P.); (S.H.); (L.P.-M.)
| | - Delores C. S. James
- Health Education & Behavior, University of Florida, 1864 Stadium Road, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA;
| | - Amaria Patterson
- Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville, Campus Box 1147, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA; (A.P.); (S.H.); (L.P.-M.)
| | - Sheila Harper
- Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville, Campus Box 1147, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA; (A.P.); (S.H.); (L.P.-M.)
| | - Lindy Petchulat-McMillan
- Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville, Campus Box 1147, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA; (A.P.); (S.H.); (L.P.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang L, Sun Y, Li Y, He L, Niu Y, Yan N. The association between trouble sleeping and obesity among the U.S. elderly from NHANES 2011-2014: A moderated mediation model of depressive symptoms and cognitive function. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:58-64. [PMID: 38220111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown a close association between trouble sleeping and obesity in older adults. However, no studies have explored the underlying mechanism of this relationship. The present study was designed to evaluate the roles of depressive symptoms and cognitive function in the association between trouble sleeping and obesity in older American adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 2575 participants (≥60 years old) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 was used for analysis. Obesity, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function (including Established Consortium for Word Learning in Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD-WL) (immediate learning and recall and delayed recall), Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST)) were objectively measured, and trouble sleeping was assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. The moderated mediation analysis was conducted by Hayes' PROCESS macro. RESULTS Trouble sleeping was positively associated with obesity among older adults. Depressive symptoms partially and indirectly mediated this association, and DSST moderated the association between trouble sleeping and depressive symptoms. Trouble sleeping had a lower impact on depressive symptoms in older adults with higher cognitive function. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design prevents making causal inferences, and part of self-reported information was not objective enough. CONCLUSION Cognitive function moderated the mediation of depressive symptoms on the indirect, positive association between trouble sleeping and obesity; hence, incorporating methods to strengthen cognitive function and alleviate depressive symptoms may help weak the link between trouble sleeping and obesity among older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yanli Sun
- Department of Health Management Center, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yan Li
- The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinchuan City, Yinchuan 750011, China
| | - Lin He
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yang Niu
- Key Laboratory of the Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Ning Yan
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gupta S, May FP, Kupfer SS, Murphy CC. Birth Cohort Colorectal Cancer (CRC): Implications for Research and Practice. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:455-469.e7. [PMID: 38081492 PMCID: PMC11304405 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) epidemiology is changing due to a birth cohort effect, first recognized by increasing incidence of early onset CRC (EOCRC, age <50 years). In this paper, we define "birth cohort CRC" as the observed phenomenon, among individuals born 1960 and later, of increasing CRC risk across successive birth cohorts, rising EOCRC incidence, increasing incidence among individuals aged 50 to 54 years, and flattening of prior decreasing incidence among individuals aged 55 to 74 years. We demonstrate birth cohort CRC is associated with unique features, including increasing rectal cancer (greater than colon) and distant (greater than local) stage CRC diagnosis, and increasing EOCRC across all racial/ethnic groups. We review potential risk factors, etiologies, and mechanisms for birth cohort CRC, using EOCRC as a starting point and describing importance of viewing these through the lens of birth cohort. We also outline implications of birth cohort CRC for epidemiologic and translational research, as well as current clinical practice. We postulate that recognition of birth cohort CRC as an entity-including and extending beyond rising EOCRC-can advance understanding of risk factors, etiologies, and mechanisms, and address the public health consequences of changing CRC epidemiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Gupta
- Section of Gastroenterology, Jennifer Moreno San Diego VA Medical Center, San Diego, California; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, California.
| | - Folasade P May
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California; Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California; UCLA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sonia S Kupfer
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Caitlin C Murphy
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston) School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pancreatic Cancer Incidence Trends by Race, Ethnicity, Age and Sex in the United States: A Population-Based Study, 2000-2018. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030870. [PMID: 36765827 PMCID: PMC9913805 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pancreatic cancer (PC) incidence is increasing at a greater rate in young women compared to young men. We performed a race- and ethnicity-specific evaluation of incidence trends in subgroups stratified by age and sex to investigate the association of race and ethnicity with these trends. METHODS Age-adjusted PC incidence rates (IR) from the years 2000 to 2018 were obtained from the SEER 21 database. Non-Hispanic White (White), Non-Hispanic Black (Black) and Hispanic patients were included. Age categories included older (ages ≥ 55) and younger (ages < 55) adults. Time-trends were described as annual percentage change (APC) and average APC (AAPC). RESULTS Younger White [AAPC difference = 0.73, p = 0.01)], Black [AAPC difference = 1.96, p = 0.01)] and Hispanic [AAPC difference = 1.55, p = 0.011)] women experienced a greater rate of increase in IR compared to their counterpart men. Younger Hispanic women experienced a greater rate of increase in IR compared to younger Black women [AAPC difference = -1.28, p = 0.028)] and younger White women [AAPC difference = -1.35, p = 0.011)]. CONCLUSION Younger women of all races and ethnicities experienced a greater rate of increase in PC IR compared to their counterpart men; however, younger Hispanic and Black women experienced a disproportionately greater increase. Hispanic women experienced a greater rate of increase in IR compared to younger Black and White women.
Collapse
|