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Suresh V, Nimbarte A, Ryu J, Choudhury A. Exploring the challenges and risks of dead body handling faced by healthcare professionals during the coronavirus pandemic: Cross sectional survey study. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2024; 118:104280. [PMID: 38560964 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic shocked the already overwhelmed global healthcare system, challenging its preparedness to deal with mass fatalities. Our research examines the safety issues faced by healthcare workers when handling dead (deceased) bodies, highlighting the need for better strategies in the event of mass fatalities. Healthcare providers involved in dead body handling during the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S. were eligible to participate in our study. Using a web-based survey, we analyzed responses of 206 participants across 43 U.S. states. We used the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) framework to deduce themes from participants' open-ended responses. The study showed how routine tasks become extraordinarily challenging during pandemic due to increased workload, emotional stress, and resource constraints. Tasks such as lifting and transferring bodies, underscored physical and emotional toll on workers. The mental strain induced by mass fatalities and the complexities of communicating with families and peers were also prominent, adding to the overall burden on healthcare workers. The participants emphasized the importance of specialized training, policy refinements, and improvements in its implementation. In conclusion, our study contributes to understanding the complexities of dead body handling during a pandemic. It underscores the need for emergency response planning and systemic changes in healthcare policies and practices to ensure the safety and well-being of healthcare workers engaged in these critical tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishakhi Suresh
- Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Ashish Nimbarte
- Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - JuHyeong Ryu
- Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Avishek Choudhury
- Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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Núñez-Cortés R, Espin A, Calatayud J, Pérez-Alenda S, Cruz-Montecinos C, López-Bueno R, Vinstrup J, Jakobsen MD, Andersen LL. Can Vitality and Mental Health Influence Upper Extremity Pain? A Prospective Cohort Study of 1185 Female Hospital Nurses. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:2192-2201. [PMID: 37887155 PMCID: PMC10606458 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity are among the most common occupational problems affecting nurses. The aim of this study was to analyze the prospective association between vitality and mental health and increased upper extremity pain intensity in female hospital nurses during a 1-year follow-up. A prospective cohort of 1185 female nurses from 19 hospitals in Denmark was conducted using baseline and 12-month follow-up questionnaires to identify potential associations between levels of vitality and mental health (SF-36 subscales) with pain intensity (0-10 scale) in the shoulder, elbow and hand/wrist regions. Associations were modeled using cumulative logistic regression. The fully adjusted model included the variables of age, baseline pain, body mass index, smoking status, years of occupation, leisure time physical activity level, number of daily patient transfers/handlings, as well as recognition and influence at work. The mean age was 48.3 (SD: 10.4) years. In the fully adjusted model, significant associations between low vitality levels and the odds of shoulder pain (OR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.43-2.68) and hand/wrist pain (OR = 2.32; 95%CI: 1.58-3.42) were observed. Likewise, moderate levels of mental health was associated with increased odds of shoulder pain at follow-up (OR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.16-1.93). These results provide an important incentive for nursing managers to assess vitality and mental health among hospital nurses and to consider this factor in prevention strategies to ensure good worker health and, by extension, high-quality care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.N.-C.); (A.E.); (R.L.-B.); (J.V.); (M.D.J.); (L.L.A.)
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8370000, Chile;
| | - Ander Espin
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.N.-C.); (A.E.); (R.L.-B.); (J.V.); (M.D.J.); (L.L.A.)
- Ageing on Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.N.-C.); (A.E.); (R.L.-B.); (J.V.); (M.D.J.); (L.L.A.)
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46011 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sofía Pérez-Alenda
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Carlos Cruz-Montecinos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8370000, Chile;
- Division of Research, Development and Innovation in Kinesiology, Kinesiology Unit, San José Hospital, Santiago 8370000, Chile
| | - Rubén López-Bueno
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.N.-C.); (A.E.); (R.L.-B.); (J.V.); (M.D.J.); (L.L.A.)
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jonas Vinstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.N.-C.); (A.E.); (R.L.-B.); (J.V.); (M.D.J.); (L.L.A.)
| | - Markus D. Jakobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.N.-C.); (A.E.); (R.L.-B.); (J.V.); (M.D.J.); (L.L.A.)
| | - Lars Louis Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.N.-C.); (A.E.); (R.L.-B.); (J.V.); (M.D.J.); (L.L.A.)
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Heidarimoghadam R, Mosaferchi S, Ray PK, Saednia H, Najafi Ghobadi K, Mortezapour A. The differences between normal and obese patient handling: re- structural analysis of two questionnaires. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:359. [PMID: 37149564 PMCID: PMC10164314 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06479-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precise causes of musculoskeletal complaints among nurses are not known well, but many studies have pointed to manual patient handling tasks. Subjective judgment and decision-making process for patient lifting is crucial for gathering data regards patient handling. The aim of this study was to consider reliability and validity and re-structure of two special tools for patient handling's tasks. METHODS In this cross- sectional study 249 nurses were fully participated. As recommended by literature for cultural adaptation of instruments, forward/backward translation method was applied. Reliability of the translated version was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Validity testing for the two scales was based on content validity index/ratio analysis and also Exploratory Factor Analysis was run to extract latent factors. RESULTS Reliability estimated by internal consistency reached a Cronbach's Alpha of above 0.7 for all subscales of two questionnaires. After testing the validity, the final version of questionnaires was remained by 14 and 15 questions respectively. CONCLUSIONS These instruments evaluated for manual handling of normal and obese patients had acceptable validity and reliability in Iranian Nursing context. So, these tools can be used in further studies with the same cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Heidarimoghadam
- Health Sciences Research Center, Department of Ergonomics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Mosaferchi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pradip Kumar Ray
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Hamid Saednia
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Najafi Ghobadi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Mortezapour
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Lee W, Yragui NL, Anderson NJ, Howard N, Lin JH, Bao S. The job demand-control-support model and work-related musculoskeletal complaints in daytime and nighttime janitors: The mediating effect of burnout. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2022; 105:103836. [PMID: 35777183 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Janitors' jobs require repetitive work with low control (skill discretion, decision authority) and social support. Previous studies have found this constellation of work conditions leads to high stress levels. This study investigated the relationships among job demand-control-support, burnout, and musculoskeletal symptoms for commercial janitors in Washington State. Structural equation modeling was performed using data from 208 participants with analyses comparing models of daytime and nighttime janitors. Burnout fully mediated the relationship between job demands and musculoskeletal complaints among daytime janitors. Among nighttime janitors, burnout mediated between job demands, job control, and social support, and musculoskeletal complaints. The nighttime janitors' model was more fully supported compared to the daytime model. This study is one of a small number that examine and bring attention to the importance of janitors' burnout. Recommendations to improve the psychosocial work environment toward mitigating burnout and reducing musculoskeletal complaints are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonil Lee
- Safety & Health Assessment & Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, WA, USA.
| | - Nanette L Yragui
- Safety & Health Assessment & Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, WA, USA.
| | - Naomi J Anderson
- Safety & Health Assessment & Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, WA, USA.
| | - Ninica Howard
- Safety & Health Assessment & Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, WA, USA.
| | - Jia-Hua Lin
- Safety & Health Assessment & Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, WA, USA.
| | - Stephen Bao
- Safety & Health Assessment & Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, WA, USA.
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Hernández CO, Li S, Astudillo RJ, Rodríguez IM. What affects musculoskeletal risk in nursing assistants and orderlies? Work 2022; 75:145-155. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-210651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There are many musculoskeletal disorders in staff members at health centres, given the specific characteristics of their work. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to analyse the postural risk of patient handling tasks performed by nursing assistants and orderlies, as well as task factors, individual or organisational, that may be associated with increased postural risk. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional observational study. Analysis was done on 170 postures in five different tasks performed by 39 participants at three hospitals in Andalusia (Spain). The questionnaires collected sociodemographic variables, the task done, and REBA were used for assessment of postural risk. RESULTS: Overall the average REBA score was 9.0±2.4. Moving the patient to the head of the bed was the task with the highest risk (9.8). Handling involving more than two participants at once increased postural risk. Using mechanical aids were associated with high risk in the legs. Logistic regression analyses showed that age, stature, and not having adjustable beds available were associated with postural risk (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Health centre staff perform many tasks with high musculoskeletal disorder risk. Age, stature of the participants, and adjustment of bed height were associated with postural risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral Oliver Hernández
- Department of Social, Work and Differential Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shimeng Li
- Interuniversity Doctoral Program in Health Sciences, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Raúl Jiménez Astudillo
- Department of Social, Work and Differential Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Mateo Rodríguez
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health –CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National University of Distance Education –UNED, Madrid, Spain
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Bagheri Hosseinabadi M, Zandi N, Sartavi N, Aliyari R, Sadeghian F. The Risk Assessment of Patient Handling in Hospitals of Northeast of Iran. Hosp Top 2022:1-9. [PMID: 36000707 DOI: 10.1080/00185868.2022.2114964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The study aim was to determine the risk of Manual patient handling (MPH) in Shahroud public hospitals, Iran. A cross-sectional study was performed in Imam Hossein (IHospital) and Bahar (BHospital) with 21 wards. MPH risk assessment was performed using MAPO (Movement and Assistance of Hospital Patient) index. The ratio of operator to disabled patient (NC/Op and PC/Op), lifting, minor aid, wheelchair, environmental, and training factor are evaluated to calculate MAPO index. Among studied wards 57%, 33.3%, and 9.5%, respectively, were in the high, moderate, and low risk exposure level. The maximum MAPO score were 16.7 in CCU of IHospital. Emergency ward of BHospital had the highest score of 9.8 and PC/OP ratio 17.5. The most risk factors were minor aid (90.5%), lifting factor (71.4%), and PC/OP (66.7%). Immediate ergonomic action is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Bagheri Hosseinabadi
- MSC of Occupational Health Engineering, Department of occupational health, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Niloofar Zandi
- BSC of Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Nahideh Sartavi
- BSC of Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Roqayeh Aliyari
- PhD, Assistant Professor of Biostatistics, Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Farideh Sadeghian
- PhD, Assistant Professor of Occupational Health Engineering, Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Lee SJ, Lee JH, Harrison R. Safe patient handling legislation and musculoskeletal disorders among California healthcare workers: Analysis of workers' compensation data, 2007-2016. Am J Ind Med 2022; 65:589-603. [PMID: 35582774 PMCID: PMC9880307 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND California requires general acute care hospitals to have a comprehensive plan to prevent patient handling injuries (PHIs) among employees. The California safe patient handling (SPH) law took effect in 2012. This study assessed the impact of the SPH law on workers' compensation claims for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in California hospital workers. METHODS We used California Workers' Compensation Information System data from 2007 to 2016 and analyzed claims for MSDs that occurred in acute care hospitals compared with nursing and residential care facilities. MSD claims were classified into PHI and non-PHI claims. RESULTS We identified 199,547 MSD claims that occurred during 2007-2016 in acute care hospitals (62.8%) and nursing and residential care facilities (37.2%). MSDs accounted for 42.8% of all claims. Of the MSD claims, 81.0% were strains or sprains and 33.5% of MSDs were related to patient handling activities. From 2011 to 2016, MSD claim rates showed significant reductions among both hospital and nursing/residential care workers. However, the MSD-PHI claim rate showed a significant reduction only among hospital workers (7.3% per year, incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.927, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.903-0.952). There was no significant change among nursing/residential care workers (IRR = 0.990, 95% CI 0.976-1.005). The non-PHI claim rate showed no significant change among hospital workers (IRR = 0.982, 95% CI 0.956-1.009). CONCLUSIONS Our study identified significant reductions of PHI claims among California hospital workers after the passage of the SPH legislation, suggesting that SPH legislation played a crucial role in reducing the risk of injury among healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jeong Lee
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Joung Hee Lee
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Nursing, Chodang University, Jeollanamdo, South Korea
| | - Robert Harrison
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Abdul Halim NSS, Ripin ZM, Zaini Ridzwan MI. The effects of patient transfer devices on the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs): a systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2022; 29:494-514. [PMID: 35306979 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2055908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of patient transfer assistive devices in reducing the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among nurses. Methods. PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched to identify studies with a quantitative assessment of the efficacy of patient transfer assistive devices on the incidence and injury claims of WMSDs as compared to the manual lifting of patients. A health impact analysis of the pre-post intervention of assistive device implementation was performed. The percentage of the reduction of forces, incidence of WMSDs, number of missed workdays and injury compensation claims were calculated, pooled and presented as boxplots. Results. A total of 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. The best post-intervention outcomes of assistive devices deployment in the healthcare setting included a reduction in WMSD incidence by 59.8%, missed workdays by 90.0% and workers' compensation claims by 95.0%. Additionally, hand force declined by 71% (p < 0.05) and 70% (p < 0.05) with the use of air-assisted devices and ceiling lifts respectively. Conclusions. Overall, the evidence suggests that patient transfer assistive devices, notably ceiling lifts and air-assisted devices, are effective in reducing the risk of WMSDs among nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zaidi Mohd Ripin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Ikhwan Zaini Ridzwan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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Howard NL, Adams D, Marcum J, Cole J. An Examination of Washington State Workers’ Compensation Claims for Home-Based Health Care Workers, 2006 to 2016: Part 2. Injury Rates and Trends. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/10848223221076491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Research of home-based health care (HBHC) has shown that care providers suffer from a high rate of injuries. Analysis of workers’ compensation records, a reliable source for injury and illness data, enables the identification of trends within a specific working population. HBHC workers’ compensation compensable claims in Washington State from 2006 to 2016 were compared to clinical health care (CHC) claims. Injury event and source attributed to HBHC claims were also analyzed, with a focus on work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Though CHC had 5 times the number of full-time employees during the study period, HBHC grew by 61.1%, compared to 28.7% in CHC. Claim rates for all compensable claims and WMSD claims consistently decreased year-over-year for both HBHC and CHC. WMSD claims experienced a year-over-year decline of 5.3%; for all compensable claims the decline was 4.5%. Analysis of HBHC claim rates by injury event found WMSD had the highest rates, followed by falls from the same level. However, the largest annual change was for the injury event overexertion (−10.1%, 95%CI: −13.4, −6.8). HBHC injuries attributable to the health care patient were the most common. Claims with this injury source declined annually by 6.0%. Claim rates for injuries to the back region, and specifically back WMSDs, were consistently higher year-over-year compared to other body regions and WMSD types. Claims for injuries to the back declined by an annual rate of 6.6% (95% CI: −7.9, −5.3), while back WMSD claims decreased by 6.4% (94% CI: −7.8, −4.9).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninica L. Howard
- Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Tumwater, WA, USA
| | - Darrin Adams
- Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Tumwater, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Marcum
- Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Tumwater, WA, USA
| | - Jena Cole
- Washington State Department of Social and Health Services, Olympia, WA, USA
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Howard NL, Adams D, Cole J. An Examination of Washington State Workers’ Compensation Claims for Home-Based Health Care Workers, 2006 to 2016: Part 1. Description of Claims and Claimants. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/10848223221075052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Home-based health care can be physically and emotionally demanding, resulting in injury or illness. Washington State’s workers’ compensation compensable claims between 2006 and 2016 were analyzed to describe the characteristics of injured home-based health care (HBHC) providers and the burden created by these injuries. Comparisons were made with clinical health care (CHC) providers, as well as between all compensable claims and work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) claims. Over 90% of claimants for both HBHC and CHC were female. The mean age of all compensable HBHC claimants (45.7 years) was significantly older than for CHC, with the majority (54.5%) between the ages of 40 and 59. However, HBHC claimants with WMSDs were younger, overall. Across health care type and claim type, the majority of injured care providers were overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25). The highest mean age occurred among claimants injured from falls, either on the same level or to a lower level (HBHC: 48.3-48.6 years, CHC: 46.1-48.1 years). This same group also had the highest BMIs. WMSDs accounted for 47.3% of HBHC compensable claims and 50.3% for CHC. Falls on the same level were the second most common injury event among HBHC claims. For both HBHC and CHC, back injuries were the most common body part for both claim types (all compensable claims: 28.8% HBHC and 23.9% CHC, WMSD claims: 60.8% HBHC and 47.5% CHC). Overexertion was the injury event most attributed to WMSDs (HBHC: 82.6%, CHC: 71.6), overexertion during lifting being the most prevalent overexertion type (HBHC: 27.8%, CHC: 19.6%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninica L. Howard
- Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Tumwater, WA, USA
| | - Darrin Adams
- Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Tumwater, WA, USA
| | - Jena Cole
- Washington State Department of Social and Health Services, Olympia, WA, USA
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11
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Ou YK, Liu Y, Chang YP, Lee BO. Relationship between Musculoskeletal Disorders and Work Performance of Nursing Staff: A Comparison of Hospital Nursing Departments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18137085. [PMID: 34281022 PMCID: PMC8297183 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and the work performance of nursing staff. This cross-sectional study used the Checklist for Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), and the Work Ability Index to survey the prevalence of MSDs, as well as to determine the impact of MSDs on 117 nursing staff working in an emergency department, an intensive care unit, and general wards. The findings indicate that the nursing staff were exposed to a workplace environment with a high risk of MSDs. Nursing staff in the emergency department were at a particularly high risk of MSDs in their upper and lower limbs, while those working in the intensive care unit had a particularly high risk of injuries caused by manual material handling. Analyzing the relationship between MSD risk factors and NMQ scores showed a 6 times, 3.25 times, and 2.28 times increase in MSD conditions with a high workload compared to a low workload in the hand and wrist, the lower back or waist, and the knee, respectively. Medium and high workloads were found to increase the risk of MSD, which in turn affected the work ability of the nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Kun Ou
- Department of Creative Product Design, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710301, Taiwan;
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Medical Research, School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ping Chang
- School of Nursing, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, New York, NY 14214-3079, USA;
| | - Bih-O Lee
- Department of Medical Research, School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2625)
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Davis KG, Freeman AM, Ying J, Huth JR. Workers' compensation costs for healthcare caregivers: Home healthcare, long-term care, and hospital nurses and nursing aides. Am J Ind Med 2021; 64:369-380. [PMID: 33616226 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (nurses and nursing aides) often have different exposures and injury risk factors depending on their occupational subsector and location (hospital, long-term care, or home health care). METHODS A total of 5234 compensation claims for nurses and nursing aides who suffered injuries to their lower back, knee, and/or shoulder over a 5-year period were obtained from the Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation and analyzed. Injury causation data was also collected for each claim. The outcome variables included indemnity costs, medical costs, total costs, and the number of lost work days. The highest prescribed morphine equivalent dose for opioid medications was also calculated for each claim. RESULTS Home healthcare nurses and nursing aides had the highest average total costs per claim. Hospital nurses and nursing aides had the highest total claim costs, of $5 million/year. Shoulder injuries for home healthcare nursing aides (HHNAs) had the highest average total claim costs ($20,600/injury) for all occupation, setting, and body area combinations. Opioids were most frequently prescribed for home healthcare nurses (HHNs) and nursing aides (18.9% and 17.7% having been prescribed opioids, respectively). Overexertion was the most common cause for HHN and nursing aide claims. CONCLUSIONS With the rapidly expanding workforce in the home healthcare sector, there is a potential health crisis from the continued expansion of home healthcare worker injuries and their associated costs. In addition, the potential for opioid drug usage places these workers at risk for future dependence, overdose, and prolonged disability. Future research is needed to investigate the specific and ideally reversible causes of injury in claims categorized as caused by overexertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kermit G. Davis
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Andrew M. Freeman
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Huth
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA
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Galinsky T, Deter L, Krieg E, Feng HA, Battaglia C, Bell R, Haddock KS, Hilton T, Lynch C, Matz M, Moscatel S, Riley FD, Sampsel D, Shaw S. Safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) for increasingly bariatric patient populations: Factors related to caregivers' self-reported pain and injury. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 91:103300. [PMID: 33190057 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted at 5 Veterans Administration Medical Centers (VAMCs). A cross sectional survey was administered to 134 workers who routinely lift and mobilize patients within their workplaces' safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) programs, which are mandated in all VAMCs. The survey was used to examine a comprehensive list of SPHM and non-SPHM variables, and their associations with self-reported musculoskeletal injury and pain. Previously unstudied variables distinguished between "bariatric" (≥300 lb or 136 kg) and "non-bariatric" (<300 lb or 136 kg) patient handling. Significant findings from stepwise and logistic regression provide targets for workplace improvements, predicting: lower injury odds with more frequently having sufficient time to use equipment, higher back pain odds with more frequent bariatric handling, lower back pain odds with greater ease in following SPHM policies, and lower odds of upper extremity pain with more bariatric equipment, and with higher safety climate ratings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traci Galinsky
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), USA.
| | | | - Edward Krieg
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), USA
| | - H Amy Feng
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mary Matz
- Veterans Health Administration, USA; Patient Care Ergonomic Solutions, USA
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Zakerian SA, Afzalinejhad M, Mahmodi M, Sheibani N. Determining the Efficiency of Ergonomic Belt During Patient Handling and its Effect on Reducing Musculoskeletal Disorders in Nurses. SAGE Open Nurs 2021; 7:23779608211057939. [PMID: 34888415 PMCID: PMC8649436 DOI: 10.1177/23779608211057939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nursing personnel are always at risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders, and patient transportation is one of the major risk factor for these disorders. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the ergonomic belt to improve patient transferring conditions. METHODS The subjects included 60 health care workers (HCW) of a hospital with patient transfer experience. The ergonomic belt was examined to help move the patient from one bed to another. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was assessed through the Nordic questionnaire, the degree of perceived exertion through the Borg criterion, and the patient's movement through the MAPO index before and after the intervention. RESULTS The results showed a significant decrease in Borg scale scores and MAPO index in two factors of education and auxiliary tools and overall scores of this index. We also saw a significant reduction in musculoskeletal disorders in the neck, shoulders and arms, waist, hands and wrists, thighs, knees and legs. There were no significant differences in the elbow and forearm before and after using the ergonomic belt. CONCLUSION In general, it can be concluded that the use of ergonomic belt had helped to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, as well as reducing the perceived exertion of nurses and other relevant personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Abolfazl Zakerian
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Afzalinejhad
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Mahmodi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Sheibani
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lee SJ, Kang KJ, Lee JH. Safe patient handling legislation and changes in programs, practices, perceptions, and experience of musculoskeletal disorders by hospital characteristics: A repeated cross-sectional survey study. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 113:103791. [PMID: 33152606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safe patient handling legislation has been enacted in 11 states in the United States to protect healthcare workers from patient handing injuries. Implementations and outcomes may vary across hospitals by the characteristics of the institution. OBJECTIVES This study was to investigate the changes in safe patient handling programs in hospitals, and nurses' perceptions, work practices, and musculoskeletal symptoms by hospital characteristics after the passage of California's safe patient handling legislation. DESIGN Repeated cross-sectional surveys. SETTINGS Two statewide surveys of registered nurses were conducted in California, where a safe patient handling law became effective in 2012. Random samples were selected from the lists of the California Board of Registered Nurses (2000 nurses in 2013 and 3000 nurses in 2016). PARTICIPANTS Among survey respondents (26% in 2013 and 20% in 2016), the study sample included 254 nurses in 2013 and 281 nurses in 2016, who met the eligibility for this study: nurses employed in a hospital and had direct patient care or patient handling duties. METHODS Data were collected by postal and on-line surveys. Data were compared by hospital size, geographic area, hospital teaching status, and ownership (for-profit, non-profit, government). RESULTS Between 2013 and 2016, nurses' reports showed improvements in safe patient handling policies and programs across the different characteristics of hospitals. In 2016, nurses in large, teaching, non-profit, and rural hospitals reported slightly better scores for safe patient handling program variables than their counterparts; however, changes in the use of mechanical lifting devices and experiences of musculoskeletal symptoms and injury were not significantly different by hospital characteristics. Overall, teaching hospitals consistently showed greater improvements than non-teaching hospitals for both hospital-level (safe patient handling programs and organizational practices) and individual-level (perceptions and symptoms) variables. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate overall improvements of safe patient handling programs in California hospitals after the passage of safe patient handling legislation. Positive changes appear to be greater among teaching, non-profit, and rural hospitals. However, greater positive changes in safe patient handling programs shown in certain hospital characteristics were not necessarily linked to more improvements in nurses' safe work practices and experiences of musculoskeletal symptoms or injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jeong Lee
- Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, 2 Koret Way, Suite N-505, Box 0608, San Francisco, CA 94143-0608, USA.
| | - Kyung Ja Kang
- College of Nursing, Jeju National University, 102 Jeju-daehakno, Jeju-city, Jeju 63243, South Korea.
| | - Joung Hee Lee
- Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, 2 Koret Way, Suite N-505, Box 0608, San Francisco, CA 94143-0608, USA; Department of Nursing, Chodang University, 380 Muanro, Muaneup, Muangun, Jeollanamdo 58530, South Korea.
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Ryoo JJ, Lee KS, Koo JW. A Taxonomy of the Common Tasks and the Development of a Risk Index for Physical Load Assessment in Nursing Job. Saf Health Work 2020; 11:335-346. [PMID: 32995059 PMCID: PMC7502617 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nursing service is a nonroutine work with an excessive physical load and diverse tasks. This study derived representative common tasks based on the frequently occurring tasks with a high physical load in the nursing workers' daily work and developed indicators to evaluate the work risk by reflecting the characteristics of nonroutine work. Methods Common tasks were classified through the following stages: literature review, first focus group interview (FGI) with experts, first classification of common tasks, second FGI with hospital health managers, a survey of nursing service workers, and the final classification of common tasks for each task type. To develop an objective risk index for physical load assessment, we investigated the frequency and duration of the derived common tasks via survey. Results Nursing common tasks were categorized into six task types and 56 subtasks. To evaluate the risks of various tasks in nonroutine works, three frequencies and three working time levels were defined by examining the task frequency and working hours. Exposure time was defined to reflect the characteristics of a nonroutine job. The final risk assessment was the product of the exposure time level and job intensity level. From this, four risk action levels were derived. Conclusion This study has the advantage of solving the problem of focusing on some tasks in evaluating the physical load. It was meaningful in that a new risk assessment index based on exposure time was proposed based on the development of an evaluation scale for frequency and time by reflecting the characteristics of nonroutine work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Jin Ryoo
- Graduate School of Public Health, The Catholic University of Korea, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Lee
- Department of Industrial Health, Catholic University of Pusan, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Wan Koo
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Punnett L, Nobrega S, Zhang Y, Rice S, Gore R, Kurowski A. Safety and Health through Integrated, Facilitated Teams (SHIFT): stepped-wedge protocol for prospective, mixed-methods evaluation of the Healthy Workplace Participatory Program. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1463. [PMID: 32993607 PMCID: PMC7526105 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare facilities are notorious for occupational health and safety problems. Multi-level interventions are needed to address interacting exposures and their overlapping origins in work organization features. Worker participation in problem identification and resolution is essential. This study evaluates the CPH-NEW Healthy Workplace Participatory Program (HWPP), a Total Worker Health® protocol to develop effective employee teams for worker safety, health, and wellbeing. METHODS Six public sector, unionized healthcare facilities are enrolled, in three pairs, matched by agency. The unit of intervention is a workplace health and safety committee, adapted here to a joint labor-management "Design Team" (DT). The DT conducts root cause analyses, prioritizes problems, identifies feasible interventions in light of the constraints and needs of the specific setting, makes business-case presentations to facility leadership, and assists in evaluation. Following a stepped-wedge (cross-over) design, one site in each pair is randomly assigned to "immediate intervention" status, receiving the full coached intervention at baseline; in the "lagged intervention" site, coaching begins about half-way through the study. Program effectiveness and cost-effectiveness outcomes are assessed at both organizational (e.g., workers' compensation claim and absenteeism rates, perceived management support of safety) and individual levels (e.g., self-rated health, sleep quality, leisure-time exercise). Targeted pre-post analyses will also examine specific outcomes appropriate to the topics selected for intervention. Process evaluation outcomes include fidelity of the HWPP intervention, extent of individual DT member activity, expansion of committee scope to include employee well-being, program obstacles and opportunities in each setting, and sustainability (within the available time frame). DISCUSSION This study aims for a quantitative evaluation of the HWPP over a time period long enough to accomplish multiple intervention cycles in each facility. The design seeks to achieve comparable study engagement and data quality between groups. We will also assess whether the HWPP might be further improved to meet the needs of U.S. public sector healthcare institutions. Potential challenges include difficulty in pooling data across study sites if Design Teams select different intervention topics, and follow-up periods too short for change to be observed. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04251429 (retrospectively registered January 29, 2020), protocol version 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Punnett
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), Lowell, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.
| | - Suzanne Nobrega
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), Lowell, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), Lowell, MA, USA
- Solomont School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Serena Rice
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), Lowell, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Rebecca Gore
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), Lowell, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Alicia Kurowski
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), Lowell, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
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Rosebush CE, Zaidman B, Schofield KE, Erickson DJ, Ramirez M, Tschida B, McGovern PM. Occupational differences in workers' compensation indemnity claims among direct care workers in Minnesota nursing homes, 2005-2016. Am J Ind Med 2020; 63:517-526. [PMID: 32166773 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing assistants have one of the highest injury rates in the U.S., but few population-based studies assess differential injury risk by occupation in nursing homes. This statewide study assessed differences in musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and patient handling injuries among direct care workers in Minnesota nursing homes. METHODS Indemnity claims from the Minnesota workers' compensation database were matched to time at risk from the Minnesota Nursing Home Report Card to estimate 2005 to 2016 injury and illness claim rates for certified nursing assistants (CNAs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs), and registered nurses (RNs). Associations between occupation and claim characteristics were assessed using multivariable regression modeling. RESULTS Indemnity claim rates were 3.68, 1.38, and 0.69 per 100 full-time equivalent workers for CNAs, LPNs, and RNs, respectively. Patient handling injuries comprised 62% of claims. Compared to RNs, CNAs had higher odds of an indemnity claim resulting from an MSD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31-2.14) or patient handling injury (OR = 1.89; 95% CI, 1.47-2.45) as opposed to another type of injury or illness. CNAs had lower odds of receiving temporary and permanent partial disability benefits and higher odds of receiving a stipulation settlement. CONCLUSIONS CNAs in Minnesota nursing homes are at heightened risk for lost time MSDs and patient handling injuries. Claims filed by CNAs are more frequently settled outside the regular workers' compensation benefit structure, an indication that the workers' compensation system is not providing adequate and timely benefits to these workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E. Rosebush
- Division of Environmental Health SciencesSchool of Public Health, University of Minnesota Twin Cities Minneapolis‐Saint Paul Minnesota
| | - Brian Zaidman
- Minnesota Department of Labor and IndustryResearch and Statistics Saint Paul Minnesota
| | - Katherine E. Schofield
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringSwenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth Minnesota
| | - Darin J. Erickson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community HealthSchool of Public Health, University of Minnesota Twin Cities Minneapolis‐Saint Paul Minnesota
| | - Marizen Ramirez
- Division of Environmental Health SciencesSchool of Public Health, University of Minnesota Twin Cities Minneapolis‐Saint Paul Minnesota
| | - Breca Tschida
- Minnesota Department of Labor and IndustryWorkplace Safety Consultation Saint Paul Minnesota
| | - Patricia M. McGovern
- Division of Environmental Health SciencesSchool of Public Health, University of Minnesota Twin Cities Minneapolis‐Saint Paul Minnesota
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Ito A, Hayashi K, Suzuki S, Ideno Y, Kurabayashi T, Ogata T, Seichi A, Akai M, Iwaya T. Association of trajectory of body mass index with knee pain risk in Japanese middle-aged women in a prospective cohort study: the Japan Nurses' Health Study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e033853. [PMID: 32034025 PMCID: PMC7045261 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether body mass index (BMI) trajectory, lifestyle and reproductive factors are associated with knee pain risk among middle-aged women. DESIGN Prospective study of the Japan Nurses' Health Study (JNHS). SETTING The JNHS investigates the health of female nurses in Japan. Biennial follow-up questionnaires are mailed to the participants. PARTICIPANTS The 7434 women aged over 40 years who responded to the 10-year self-administered follow-up questionnaire. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE Self-reported knee pain at the 10-year follow-up was the primary outcome. We analysed BMI (normal or overweight) trajectory data from a baseline survey to the 10-year follow-up survey using group-based trajectory modelling. Exposure measurements were BMI trajectory, BMI at age 18 years, lifestyle variables and reproductive history. RESULTS BMI trajectories from baseline to the 10-year follow-up were divided into four groups: remained normal, remained overweight, gained weight or lost weight. At the 10-year follow-up, 1281 women (17.2%) reported knee pain. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that compared with the remained normal group, multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of knee pain were 1.93 (1.60 to 2.33) for the remained overweight group, 1.60 (1.23 to 2.08) for the gained weight group and 1.40 (0.88 to 2.21) for the lost weight group. The attributable risk percent (95% CI) of the remained overweight group was 48.1% (37.3% to 57.0%) compared with the reference group of remained normal. Alcohol intake at baseline was significantly associated with knee pain. CONCLUSIONS The lost weight group had a lower risk than the remained overweight group and the gained weight group and did not carry statistically significant risks for knee pain. Weight reduction and maintaining a normal BMI in middle age was important for preventing knee pain in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Ito
- Unit of International and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Hayashi
- Unit of International and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Shosuke Suzuki
- Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Eco-Health Research Group, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Yuki Ideno
- Center for Mathematics and Data Science, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takumi Kurabayashi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toru Ogata
- Center for Sport Science and Health Promotion, Department of Rehabilitaion for the Movement Functions, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Seichi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Masami Akai
- Graduate School, International University of Health and Welfare Kohokai Group, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Iwaya
- Nagano University of Health and Medicine, Nagano, Japan
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A study of nurses' performance relative to the risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders associated with patient mobility in the teaching hospitals across Kermanshah. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-019-01138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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Rajan Sreeraj S, Chheda P. Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and quality of life in housekeeping workers of a tertiary care hospital in Navi Mumbai, India: A descriptive study. MGM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_26_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Cheung K, Dai J, Cheung CL, Cho HK, Chow YL, Fung KY, Lam WS, Calvin Li HL, Ying Ng S, Ngan MY, Szeto G. The biomechanical evaluation of patient transfer tasks by female nursing students: With and without a transfer belt. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2020; 82:102940. [PMID: 31473499 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study was to examine the kinematics, muscle activities, and perceived physical exertion in different regions of the spine during patient transfers by nursing students between a bed and a wheelchair, with or without a transfer belt in a laboratory setting. Results showed that with the effect of the belt, the % maximum voluntary contraction of the lumbar erector spinae was reduced significantly by nearly 10%. Muscle activity was significantly increased in thoracic erector and multifidus spinae during wheelchair-to-bed transfer, compared to bed-to-wheelchair transfers. There was no significant effect of belt or task on the spinal angular displacement in different spinal regions. Using the transfer belt was associated with a significantly decreased score for perceived exertion. In conclusion, this study supports the use of a transfer belt contributing to lower muscle activity and lower perceived physical exertion in the low back.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Cheung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jay Dai
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chun Lok Cheung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hung Kai Cho
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yan Lam Chow
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ka Yin Fung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wai Sze Lam
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hoi Leong Calvin Li
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Sin Ying Ng
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Man Ying Ngan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Grace Szeto
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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The Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Fruit and Vegetable Markets Workers of Tehran and Factors Affecting Disorders. PAJOUHAN SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.52547/psj.17.4.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Martinez MC, Fischer FM. Fatores psicossociais no trabalho hospitalar: situações vivenciadas para desgaste no trabalho e desequilíbrio entre esforço e recompensa. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE OCUPACIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/2317-6369000025918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Introdução: condições e organização inadequadas do trabalho hospitalar configuram fatores psicossociais no trabalho (FPST) desencadeantes de estresse, que podem gerar desfechos negativos para trabalhadores, pacientes e instituições. Objetivo: avaliar prevalências de FPST e características pessoais e ocupacionais a elas associadas entre trabalhadores do setor hospitalar. Métodos: estudo transversal com 1.795 trabalhadores de um hospital de São Paulo, Brasil. Foi utilizado um formulário autoaplicável avaliando aspectos demográficos, ocupacionais e FPST (questionários baseados nos modelos Demanda-Controle e Esforço-Recompensa). Foram realizadas análise descritiva e regressão logística ordinal de chances proporcionais parciais. Resultados: as prevalências de situações vivenciadas para desgaste no trabalho foram: 13,6% de baixo risco, 73,0% de risco intermediário e 13,4% de alto risco. As prevalências no desequilíbrio esforço-recompensa foram: 33,1% com baixo desequilíbrio, 31,3% com desequilíbrio moderado, 30,8% com desequilíbrio elevado e 4,8% sem respostas. Características individuais e ocupacionais estiveram associadas à ocorrência dos FPST. Conclusão: os dois modelos avaliam diferentes aspectos das atividades e da inserção social dos indivíduos no trabalho, e características individuais e ocupacionais estiveram associadas aos FPST. Os resultados indicaram que distintas questões devem ser consideradas quando do planejamento de intervenções para melhorias no ambiente psicossocial do trabalho.
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Hurtado DA, Dumet LM, Greenspan SA, Rodriguez YI. Social Network Analysis of peer-specific safety support and ergonomic behaviors: An application to safe patient handling. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2018; 68:132-137. [PMID: 29409627 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study applied Social Network Analysis (SNA) to test whether advice-seeking interactions among peers about safe patient handling correlate with a higher frequency of equipment use. Patient-care workers (n=38) at a community hospital in Oregon nominated peers they would consult for advice regarding safe patient handling. Results show a positive correlation between identifying more peers for safe patient handling advice and using equipment more frequently. Moreover, nurses with more reciprocal advice seeking nominations used safe patient handling equipment more frequently. However, employees who would be more consulted about safe patient handling by their peers did not use equipment more frequently than nurses with fewer nominations. Despite the small sample size, the magnitude of the adjusted regressions coefficients ranged between 3 to 4 standard deviations. These results suggest that having more or reciprocal sources of peer-based support may trigger ergonomic related behaviors such as frequent utilization of equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hurtado
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, L606, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA; OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Lisset M Dumet
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, L606, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Samuel A Greenspan
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, L606, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Yaritza I Rodriguez
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, L606, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
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Tang R, Holland M, Milbauer M, Olson E, Skora J, Kapellusch JM, Garg A. Biomechanical Evaluations of Bed-to-Wheelchair Transfer: Gait Belt Versus Walking Belt. Workplace Health Saf 2018; 66:384-392. [PMID: 29426267 DOI: 10.1177/2165079917749862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nursing personnel, particularly caregivers who frequently perform manual patient transfer tasks, are at risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The purpose of this study was to perform biomechanical evaluations of bed-to-wheelchair transfer using two low-cost assistive devices: walking belt and gait belt. Twenty-eight college students, serving as caregivers, transferred 14 students, serving as patients. "Caregiver" spinal loading and strength requirements at major joints were measured using a 3D Static Strength Prediction Model. "Caregiver"-perceived stresses were assessed using the Borg CR-10 Scale. "Patient" safety and comfort ratings were determined using Likert-type scales. The findings indicated that transferring "patients" using walking belts with a pulling technique produced significantly lower biomechanical stress than using gait belts. "Patients" also felt more comfortable and safer during walking belt transfers. It is recommended that health care facilities should consider use of walking belts in place of gait belts to transfer partially weight-bearing patients.
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Harari Y, Riemer R, Bechar A. Factors determining workers' pace while conducting continuous sequential lifting, carrying, and lowering tasks. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2018; 67:61-70. [PMID: 29122201 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To plan a new manual material handling work process, it is necessary to predict the times required to complete each task. Current time prediction models lack validity when the handled object's mass exceeds 2 kg. In this study, we investigated the effect of workplace design parameters on continuous sequential lifting, carrying, and lowering of boxes weighing from 2 kg to 14 kg. Both laboratory and field experiments were conducted. Results revealed that the box's weight and the lifting and lowering heights influenced the tasks' times. Further, the time to perform a task was influenced by the performance of other tasks in the same work process. New time prediction models were developed using the laboratory experiment data. Our models were found to be more accurate on average than the Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST) and Methods Time Measurement (MTM-1) by 42% and 20%, respectively, for predicting the times of real workers at an actual workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaar Harari
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Raziel Riemer
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Avital Bechar
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
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Sedrez JA, Kasten APDS, Chaise FDO, Candotti CT. Risk factors for work-related cardiovascularand musculoskeletal diseasesamong prehospital urgent care workers: a systematic review. Rev Bras Med Trab 2017; 15:355-363. [PMID: 32377592 DOI: 10.5327/z1679443520170050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies conducted with prehospital urgent care workers investigated work-related stress and its repercussions on the workers' mental and physical health. Objective To identify risk factors for development of work-related cardiovascular (CVD) and musculoskeletal (MSD) diseases among prehospital emergency care workers. Methods We conducted a systematic search on databases PubMed, EBSCO, EMBASE and Science Direct. The inclusion criteria were: risk factors for CVD and MSD among prehospital emergency care workers. Results From 370 articles, 11 were included for review. The included studies identified risk factors for CVD, such as body mass index and sedentary lifestyle, however, with limited level of evidence. For MSD, age and working as first responder were shown to behave as risk factors, with high level of evidence. We were not able to determine the cardiovascular risk factors due to lack of studies that analyzed this aspect. Conclusion The most evident musculoskeletal risk factors reported in the literature are age and working as first responder. Registration PROSPERO: CRD42016042390.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Adami Sedrez
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS) - Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Ana Paula da Silva Kasten
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS) - Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Oliveira Chaise
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS) - Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Cláudia Tarragô Candotti
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS) - Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
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29
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Safe patient handling behaviors and lift use among hospital nurses: A cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Stud 2017; 74:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ryan KM, Breaud AH, Eliseo L, Goto R, Mitchell P. Injuries and exposures among ocean safety providers: A review of workplace injuries and exposures from 2007-2012. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2017; 14:534-539. [PMID: 28426289 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2017.1302588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Research on workplace injuries and exposures in ocean safety personnel remains limited. Despite increasing beach attendance and reliance on lifeguards for protection, the most common types of injuries, equipment resulting in injuries, and environmental exposures remains unknown. This study reviewed OSHA 300 logs summarizing workers' compensation claims from 2007-2012 to identify common body parts injured, action at time of injury, equipment causing injury, and environmental exposures. A secondary phase consisted of a cross-sectional anonymous survey to determine demographics, body part injured, equipment causing injury, sun and environmental exposures, action at time of injury, and proportion of injuries reported to the department. During the 6-year period, 304 claims from the OSHA logs were reviewed, finding the lower extremity was most commonly injured with 2921 (31.9%) cumulative lost work days (104 reported injured, 34.2%) followed by the back with 1679 (18.4%) lost work days (39 reported injuries, 12.8%). Of the 304 occupational injury claims from OSHA logs, 108 incidents (35.5%) occurred during rescues, 87 (28.6%) during normal duties, and 31 (10.2%) during training. Of survey participants, 22/52 sustained an injury, with 14 filling a worker's compensation claim. The rescueboard resulted in 7/22 injuries (31.8%) while 17 (32.7%) of respondents sought care for a sun related concern with a mean of 9.3 days lost. Occupational injuries in ocean safety personnel are largely unknown. In this study, lower extremity and back injuries were the most common musculoskeletal injuries providers encountered. Rescues and moving equipment were common actions at the time of injury. With this preliminary information, jurisdictions may develop training directed at rescue techniques and safer options for moving heavy equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Ryan
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Boston Medical Center , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Alan H Breaud
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Boston Medical Center , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Laura Eliseo
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Boston Medical Center , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Ralph Goto
- b City & County of Honolulu Ocean Safety and Lifeguard Services Division , Honolulu , Hawaii
| | - Patricia Mitchell
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Boston Medical Center , Boston , Massachusetts
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31
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Shockey TM, Zack M, Sussell A. Health-Related Quality of Life Among US Workers: Variability Across Occupation Groups. Am J Public Health 2017. [PMID: 28640675 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2017.303840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the health-related quality of life among workers in 22 standard occupation groups using data from the 2013-2014 US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. METHODS We examined the health-related quality of life measures of self-rated health, frequent physical distress, frequent mental distress, frequent activity limitation, and frequent overall unhealthy days by occupation group for 155 839 currently employed adults among 17 states. We performed multiple logistic regression analyses that accounted for the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System's complex survey design to obtain prevalence estimates adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Among all occupation groups, the arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupation group reported the highest adjusted prevalence of frequent physical distress, frequent mental distress, frequent activity limitation, and frequent overall unhealthy days. The personal care and service occupation group had the highest adjusted prevalence for fair or poor self-rated health. CONCLUSIONS Workers' jobs affect their health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M Shockey
- Taylor M. Shockey and Aaron Sussell are with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH. Matthew Zack is with the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Matthew Zack
- Taylor M. Shockey and Aaron Sussell are with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH. Matthew Zack is with the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Aaron Sussell
- Taylor M. Shockey and Aaron Sussell are with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH. Matthew Zack is with the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
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32
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Del Campo MT, Romo PE, de la Hoz RE, Villamor JM, Mahíllo-Fernández I. Anxiety and depression predict musculoskeletal disorders in health care workers. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2017; 72:39-44. [PMID: 26895069 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2016.1154002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Incidence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is high among health care workers (HCWs). To determine whether MSDs are associated with preexisting anxiety and/or depression, a case-control study was carried out in female HCWs (56 cases/55 controls). Cases were HCWs with a first-time clinical diagnosis of MSD within the previous 2 years. Occupation, workplace, work shift, direct patient assistance, and anxiety/depression scores (Goldberg scale) were assessed. Increased risk of incident MSDs (multivariate logistic regression) was found in workers with preexisting anxiety/depression compared to those without (OR 5.01; 95% CI 2.20-12.05; p < .01). Other significant risk factors were direct patient assistance (OR 2.59; 95% CI 1.03-6.92; p = .04) and morning work shift (OR 2.47; 95% CI 0.99-6.48; p = .05). Preexisting anxiety/depression was associated with incident MSDs in HCWs, adjusting for occupational exposure risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Del Campo
- a Department of Occupational Health and Prevention , Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Pablo E Romo
- a Department of Occupational Health and Prevention , Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - José Miguel Villamor
- a Department of Occupational Health and Prevention , Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Ignacio Mahíllo-Fernández
- c Epidemiology Section of the Research Unit, Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
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33
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Kiriella JB, Perry CJ, Hawkins KM, Shanahan CJ, Gage WH, Moore AE. Sagittal plane lumbar loading when navigating an obstacle and carrying a load. ERGONOMICS 2016; 59:1505-1513. [PMID: 27056388 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2016.1151553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The current study quantified lumbar loading while carrying an anterior load mass and navigating an obstacle. Eight healthy male participants walked down a walkway and crossed an obstacle under three randomised LOAD conditions; empty-box (2 KG), five kilogram (5 KG) and ten kilogram (10 KG). Each walk was assessed at two events: left foot mid-stance (LMS) and right toe-crossing (TC) to characterise any changes from approach to crossing. Measures of interest included: trunk pitch, L4/L5 joint moment, compression, joint anterior-posterior shear and erector spinae activation. Findings demonstrate that obstacle crossing extended posture by 50, 41, 44%, respectively for each carried load magnitude. Further, these results indicate that shear rather than compressive loading may be an important consideration during crossing due to increase by 8, 9, 22% from LMS to TC for each load magnitude tested. These results provide insight into sagittal lumbar loading when navigating an obstacle while carrying a load. Practitioner Summary: The risk of carrying while navigating obstacles on the lumbar spine is not completely understood. The forces at the lumbar spine while simultaneously carrying and obstacle crossing were analysed. Data indicate that carrying and obstacle crossing influence lumbar shear loads, thereby moderately increasing the relative risk at lumbar spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeevaka B Kiriella
- a School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program , York University , Toronto , Canada
| | - Carolyn J Perry
- a School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program , York University , Toronto , Canada
| | - Kara M Hawkins
- a School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program , York University , Toronto , Canada
| | - Camille J Shanahan
- b Melbourne School of Health Science , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia
| | - William H Gage
- a School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program , York University , Toronto , Canada
- c School of Kinesiology and Health Science , York University , Toronto , Canada
| | - Anne E Moore
- a School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program , York University , Toronto , Canada
- c School of Kinesiology and Health Science , York University , Toronto , Canada
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34
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Tang R, Poklar M, Domke H, Moore S, Kapellusch J, Garg A. Sit-To-Stand Lift: Effects of Lifted Height on Weight Borne and Upper Extremity Strength Requirements. Res Nurs Health 2016; 40:9-14. [PMID: 27686534 DOI: 10.1002/nur.21754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To prevent back and shoulder injuries to nursing personnel, sit-to-stand lifts are used to transfer partial-weight-bearing patients with upper extremity strength. However, the weight-bearing capacity and upper extremity strength required of patients have not been defined. The objectives of this study were to determine: (a) the percentage of body weight borne by the patient when lifted to different heights in the lift and (b) whether a patient needs upper extremity strength. Nineteen healthy normal-weight volunteers (ages 19-39) were transferred from a hospital bed to a wheelchair using (a) a gait belt and (b) a sit-to-stand lift. With legs secured in the lift, participants were lifted to five different heights (knee angles 120-180 degrees) while holding and not holding the lift handles. Participants supported a greater percentage of body weight as they were lifted higher, increasing from 60% to almost 100% (p < .01). Holding the handles did not have an effect on weight borne overall. At low heights, slightly less weight was borne when not using the handles than with them, and no difference in weight borne was found at heights near standing (p < .01). All participants felt more comfortable and safer transferring from bed to wheelchair with the mechanical lift than with the gait belt (p < .01). Results are limited to normal-weight patients but suggest that sit-stand lifts can be used in patients without upper extremity strength. Patients with limited weight-bearing capacity can be transferred by not raising them high in the lift. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoliang Tang
- Department of Occupational Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Enderis 960, 2400 E. Hartford Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53211
| | - Maggie Poklar
- Department of Occupational Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Hilary Domke
- Department of Occupational Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Stephanie Moore
- Department of Occupational Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jay Kapellusch
- Department of Occupational Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Arun Garg
- Department of Occupational Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
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35
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Two Methods for Turning and Positioning and the Effect on Pressure Ulcer Development. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2016; 43:46-50. [DOI: 10.1097/won.0000000000000198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dropkin J, Moline J, Power PM, Kim H. A qualitative study of health problems, risk factors, and prevention among Emergency Medical Service workers. Work 2015; 52:935-51. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-152139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Dropkin
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine of Long Island, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology, and Prevention, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Great Neck, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline Moline
- Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology, and Prevention, VP, Population Health, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Great Neck, NY, USA
| | - Paul M. Power
- North Shore-LIJ Health System, Center for Emergency Medical Services, Great Neck, NY, USA
| | - Hyun Kim
- Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology, and Prevention, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Great Neck, NY, USA
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Davis KG, Kotowski SE. Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders for Nurses in Hospitals, Long-Term Care Facilities, and Home Health Care: A Comprehensive Review. HUMAN FACTORS 2015; 57:754-92. [PMID: 25899249 DOI: 10.1177/0018720815581933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and reported injuries for nurses and nursing aides. BACKGROUND Nurses and nursing aides suffer from work-related pain and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Although there have been a plethora of studies on MSDs, an overall understanding of the prevalence of MSDs and pain can lead to better prioritization of research needs with respect to the health care industry. METHOD A total of 132 articles on prevalence of MSD pain and injuries were included in the review. All articles were published in peer-reviewed English-speaking journals and subjected to a quality review. RESULTS Reported prevalence of MSD pain for nurses and nursing aides was highest in the low back, followed by shoulders and neck. However, the majority of the studies have been concentrated on 12-month pain in the low back and predominantly in hospitals. Few researchers have investigated pain in the upper and lower extremities (less than 27% of the studies). Even fewer researchers have evaluated reported injuries or even subjective lost-time injuries (less than 15% of the studies). CONCLUSION MSD pain in the nursing profession has been widely investigated worldwide, with a major focus on low-back pain. Given new directions in health care, such as patients who live longer with more chronic diseases, bariatric patients, early mobility requirements, and those who want to be at home during sickness, higher prevalence levels may shift to different populations--home health care workers, long-term care workers, and physical therapists--as well as shift to different body regions, such as shoulders and upper extremities.
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Martinez MC, do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre M, Fischer FM. A cohort study of psychosocial work stressors on work ability among Brazilian hospital workers. Am J Ind Med 2015; 58:795-806. [PMID: 26010237 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital work is characterized by stressors that can influence work ability. The present study aims to assess the association between psychosocial work stressors and changes in work ability in a group of Brazilian hospital employees. METHODS From 1,022 workers included in a 3-year cohort started in 2009, 423 (41.4%) returned the applied questionnaires in 2012. Changes in work ability were considered as the dependent variable and the investigated psychosocial work stressors as independent variables. Logistic regression models adjusted for potential con-founders (demographic, occupational features, social support, overcommitment, and situations liable to cause pain/injury). RESULTS High levels of exposure to psychosocial work stressors were significantly associated with decreased work ability: job strain (OR = 2.81), effort-reward imbalance (OR = 3.21). CONCLUSION Strategies to reduce psychosocial work stressors should be considered to maintain hospital employees' work ability. Such strategies have implications for institutional and social policies and might be included in quality management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Frida Marina Fischer
- Environmental Health Department; School of Public Health; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
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39
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Lee SJ, Lee JH, Gershon RRM. Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Nurses in the Early Implementation Phase of California's Safe Patient Handling Legislation. Res Nurs Health 2015; 38:183-93. [DOI: 10.1002/nur.21657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Community Health Systems; School of Nursing; University of California San Francisco; 2 Koret Way, N505 San Francisco CA 94143-0608
| | - Joung Hee Lee
- School of Nursing; University of California San Francisco; San Francisco CA
| | - Robyn R. M. Gershon
- School of Medicine; University of California San Francisco; San Francisco CA
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40
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McCrory B, Harlow A, Burnfield JM. Musculoskeletal Risk to Physical Therapists during Overground Gait Training. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1541931214581254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Physical therapists have a disproportionately high risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) that may be attributed to the substantial physical support and facilitation they provide during physical rehabilitation. Over the last decade, safety efforts have focused primarily on patients. To decrease the incidence and prevalence of WMSDs, health and safety hazards affecting physical therapists need to be addressed. Method: Two semi-quantitative ergonomic assessment tools, the rapid entire body assessment (REBA) and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA), were used to evaluate a physical therapist’s posture during three overground gait training sessions, which included three sit-to-stand transfers. The tools stratified the therapist’s posture into a WMSD risk level and accompanying action level. Results: The REBA stratified the therapist’s posture into the very high risk level, implement change now during the sit-to-stand transfer and high risk level, investigate and implement change soon during overground gait. The RULA stratified the therapist’s posture into action level 4, investigate and implement change immediately for both the sit-to-stand transfer and overground gait. Conclusion: Physical therapists are at high risk for WMSDs while performing sit-to-stand transfers and overground gait training. Urgent implementation of engineering and administrative controls is needed to reduce the risk of injury for physical therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette McCrory
- Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Engineering, Madonna Rehabilitation Hospital, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Amanda Harlow
- School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Judith M. Burnfield
- Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Engineering, Madonna Rehabilitation Hospital, Lincoln, Nebraska
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41
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McCrory B, Burnfield JM, Darragh AR, Meza JL, Irons SL, Chernyavskiy P, Link AM, Brusola G. Work Injuries Among Therapists In Physical Rehabilitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1541931214581224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Physical therapists in rehabilitation settings often perform heavy lifting, repetitive forceful tasks and endure long periods of static or awkward postures. These work conditions put therapists at increased risk of work-related injuries (WRIs). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among physical therapists (PTs) and physical therapist assistants (PTAs) at 14 randomly selected rehabilitation facilities to determine the prevalence and severity of work-related injuries in physical rehabilitation. Results: A majority of respondents reported their most severe pain or discomfort within the last year affected their back, lasted 24 hours to 1 week, occurred once every 2-6 months, and was rated as moderate on the 0 to 10 pain scale. The 1-year prevalence of WRIs among PTs and PTAs working in physical rehabilitation was 32%. Sixty percent (60%) of those reporting pain/discomfort had mechanical patient lifts available within their work area. Less than half reported using mechanical patient lifts before or during/after their work-related pain. Conclusion: More than 65% of rehabilitation PTs and PTAs experienced work-related pain due to therapeutic activities including patient handling and movement. It is critical to understand therapists’ technology usage barriers, redesign technology to meet end-user needs, and develop technology-based best practices that promote both worker safety and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette McCrory
- Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Engineering, Madonna Rehabilitation Hospital, Lincoln, Nebraska
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Judith M. Burnfield
- Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Engineering, Madonna Rehabilitation Hospital, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Amy R. Darragh
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jane L. Meza
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Sonya L. Irons
- Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Engineering, Madonna Rehabilitation Hospital, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | | | - Angela M. Link
- College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory Brusola
- School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman’s University – Institute of Health Sciences, Houston, Texas
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Thomas DR, Thomas YLN. Interventions to reduce injuries when transferring patients: a critical appraisal of reviews and a realist synthesis. Int J Nurs Stud 2014; 51:1381-94. [PMID: 24767612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There has been extensive investment in programmes to reduce injuries among health care staff caused by moving and handling patients or residents. Given conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of such programmes, the present paper conducted a critical appraisal of systematic reviews assessing the effectiveness of interventions in reducing back pain and injuries among healthcare staff. A realist synthesis was conducted on a second set of reports to identify best practices for moving and handling programmes. DESIGN A critical appraisal of systematic reviews and a realist synthesis to identify best practices for moving and handling programmes. DATA SOURCES A literature search of five databases (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and ScienceDirect) located 150 reports assessing programme outcomes published in refereed journals between 2000 and 2013. REVIEW METHODS The critical appraisal included six systematic reviews. The realist synthesis included 47 studies that provided descriptive information about programme mechanisms. RESULTS Five of the six systematic reviews covered interventions involving either staff training or training and equipment supply. One review covered multi-component interventions. All concluded that training staff by itself was ineffective. There were differing conclusions regarding the effectiveness of training and equipment interventions and multi-component programmes. The reviews provided little information about the content of programme components. The realist synthesis noted the need for management commitment and support, and six core programme components; a policy requiring safe transfer practices, ergonomic assessment of spaces where people are transferred, transfer equipment including lifts, specific risk assessment protocols, adequate training of all care staff, and coordinators coaches or resource staff. These programme components are likely to be synergistic; omitting one component weakens the impact of the other components. CONCLUSIONS Five systematic reviews provided little information regarding the core components of effective programmes. Given the absence of experimental trials for multi-component programmes, the best available evidence for the effectiveness of multi-component programmes is from pre-post studies and large-scale surveys. The realist synthesis provided detailed information about the core components for effective programmes. Further studies, which include qualitative data, are needed to provide evidence about the specific mechanisms through which components contribute to effective patient handling programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Thomas
- Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
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Lee SJ, Faucett J, Gillen M, Krause N. Musculoskeletal pain among critical-care nurses by availability and use of patient lifting equipment: An analysis of cross-sectional survey data. Int J Nurs Stud 2013; 50:1648-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Caspi CE, Dennerlein JT, Kenwood C, Stoddard AM, Hopcia K, Hashimoto D, Sorensen G. Results of a pilot intervention to improve health and safety for health care workers. J Occup Environ Med 2013; 55:1449-55. [PMID: 24270297 PMCID: PMC3858503 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0b013e3182a7e65a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the feasibility of a multicomponent pilot intervention to improve worker safety and wellness in two Boston hospitals. METHODS A 3-month intervention was conducted on seven hospital units. Pre- (374 workers) and postsurveys (303 workers) assessed changes in safety/ergonomic behaviors and practices, and social support. Wellness outcomes included self-reported pain/aching in specific body areas (musculoskeletal disorders or MSDs) and physical activity (PA). RESULTS Pain was reported frequently (81%), and PA averaged 4 hours per week. There was a postintervention increase in safe patient handling (P < 0.0001), safety practices (P = 0.0004), ergonomics (P = 0.009), and supervisor support (P = 0.01), but no changes in MSDs or PA. CONCLUSIONS Safe patient handling, ergonomics, and safety practices are good targets for worker safety and wellness interventions; longer intervention periods may reduce the risk of MSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Eicher Caspi
- From the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health (Dr Caspi), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn; Department of Physical Therapy (Dr Dennerlein), Northeastern University, Boston, Mass; New England Research Institutes (Mr Kenwood and Dr Stoddard), Watertown, Mass; College of Nursing (Dr Hopcia), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill; Department of Occupational Heath (Dr Hashimoto), Partner's HealthCare, Inc, Boston, Mass; Department of Society, Human Development and Health (Dr Sorensen), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass; and Center for Community-Based Research (Dr Sorensen), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass
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Yassi A, Lockhart K. Work-relatedness of low back pain in nursing personnel: a systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2013; 19:223-44. [PMID: 23885775 DOI: 10.1179/2049396713y.0000000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although non-specific low back pain (LBP) is known to be multifactorial, studies from across the globe have documented their higher prevalence in nurses. This systematic review was conducted to ascertain whether this much-documented association constitutes a causal relationship, and whether there is a discernible threshold of exposures associated with this elevated risk. METHODS PRISMA guidelines were followed and standard critical appraisal tools were applied. The outcome of interest was non-specific LBP or back injury; exposure was "performing nursing duties." Applicable studies, published in English during 1980-2012, were identified through database searches, screened against preset inclusion/exclusion criteria. Ergonomic assessments of nursing tasks were included along with epidemiological studies. Bradford Hill considerations for causation were utilized as a framework for discussing findings. FINDINGS Of 987 studies identified, 89 qualified for inclusion, comprising 21 longitudinal, 36 cross-sectional analytic, 23 descriptive biomechanical/ergonomic, and 9 review studies. Overall studies showed that nursing activities conferred increased risk for, and were associated with back disorders regardless of nursing technique, personal characteristics, and non-work-related factors. Patient handling appears to confer the highest risk, but other nursing duties are also associated with elevated risk, and confound dose-response assessments related to patient handling alone. Associations were strong, consistent, temporally possible, plausible, coherent, and analogous to other exposure-outcomes, with risk estimates ranging from 1·2 to 5·5 depending on definitions. A threshold of nursing activities below which the risk of back disorders is not elevated has not been established. INTERPRETATION Notwithstanding the bio-psycho-social nature of LBP, and complexities of studying this area, sufficient evidence exists of a causal relationship between nursing tasks and back disorders to warrant new policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalee Yassi
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Abstract
The advantages and disadvantages of different methods of carrying objects on spine loading are still not fully understood. Previous studies have either examined the effects of carrying using physiological measures or examined isolated spine segments using biomechanical models. Additionally, most studies have been restricted to only a small number of carrying conditions. Very few studies have attempted to examine the various factors influencing spine loading together. To improve understanding of interacting factors on carrying, this study assessed the lumbar spine loads of 16 subjects as they assumed six styles of carrying at two weight levels and two activity levels (walking vs. standing). Concurrent with each trial, a subject-specific biomechanical model was used to assess spine forces over the full lumbar spine. Most carrying methods in the trials resulted in relatively low levels of spine loading. Anterior/posterior (A/P) shear loading was the only spine-loading dimension that reached biomechanically meaningful levels. Two carrying conditions, with bins carried in front of the body, significantly increased A/P shear compared with other carrying styles. This increase appeared to be due to the greater moment arms occurring in these conditions. Many of the other carrying styles produced A/P shears that were similar to those observed when carrying nothing at all. Of all the tasks, the backpack carry characteristically produced especially low spine loads. The findings of the study suggest that to achieve optimal carrying in terms of spine loading, loads should be positioned close to the body, even when carrying relatively light loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Rose
- a Biodynamics Laboratory, The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize work-related knee injuries treated in US emergency departments (EDs). METHODS We characterized work-related knee injuries treated in EDs in 2007 and examined trends from 1998 to 2007 by using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-occupational supplement. RESULTS In 2007, 184,300 (± 54,000; 95% confidence interval) occupational knee injuries were treated in US EDs, accounting for 5% of the 3.4 (± 0.9) million ED-treated occupational injuries. The ED-treated knee injury rate was 13 (± 4) injuries per 10,000 full-time equivalent workers. Younger workers and older female workers had high rates. Strains/sprains and contusions/abrasions were common-frequently resulting from falls and bodily reaction/overexertion events. Knee injury rates declined from 1998 through 2007. CONCLUSIONS Knee injury prevention should emphasize reducing falls and bodily reaction/overexertion events, particularly among all youth and older women.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Association between medical cost from workplace injuries and aging and its effect modification by sex were examined. METHODS Medical costs reimbursed from workers' compensation between 2003 and 2009 were used. A multiple zero-truncated negative binomial regression predicted percent changes in medical cost. Cubic regression spline smoothers tested effect modification. RESULTS Reimbursed medical costs comprised 3452 claims. Medical costs increased with aging; however, the trends differ by sex. Medical cost increase after 10 years of age increase was 27% among men (95% CI = 17% to 38%) and was 15% among women (12% to 22%). Medical cost spent among the youngest women was higher than that for the oldest men. The ratio of cost between the oldest women and oldest men was double. CONCLUSIONS Prioritizing controls for injuries in hospitals should focus on women and aging workers.
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