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He XY, Frackowiak J, Dobkin C, Brown WT, Yang SY. Involvement of Type 10 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in the Pathogenesis of Infantile Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17604. [PMID: 38139430 PMCID: PMC10743717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 10 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD10) is the HSD17B10 gene product playing an appreciable role in cognitive functions. It is the main hub of exercise-upregulated mitochondrial proteins and is involved in a variety of metabolic pathways including neurosteroid metabolism to regulate allopregnanolone homeostasis. Deacetylation of 17β-HSD10 by sirtuins helps regulate its catalytic activities. 17β-HSD10 may also play a critical role in the control of mitochondrial structure, morphology and dynamics by acting as a member of the Parkin/PINK1 pathway, and by binding to cyclophilin D to open mitochondrial permeability pore. 17β-HSD10 also serves as a component of RNase P necessary for mitochondrial tRNA maturation. This dehydrogenase can bind with the Aβ peptide thereby enhancing neurotoxicity to brain cells. Even in the absence of Aβ, its quantitative and qualitative variations can result in neurodegeneration. Since elevated levels of 17β-HSD10 were found in brain cells of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and mouse AD models, it is considered to be a key factor in AD pathogenesis. Since data underlying Aβ-binding-alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD) were not secured from reported experiments, ABAD appears to be a fabricated alternative term for the HSD17B10 gene product. Results of this study would encourage researchers to solve the question why elevated levels of 17β-HSD10 are present in brains of AD patients and mouse AD models. Searching specific inhibitors of 17β-HSD10 may find candidates to reduce senile neurodegeneration and open new approaches for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying He
- Department of Molecular Biology, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Jannusz Frackowiak
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Carl Dobkin
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - William Ted Brown
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Song-Yu Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
- Ph.D. Program in Biology-Neuroscience, Graduate Center of the City, University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
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2
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Hanzlova M, Miskerikova MS, Rotterova A, Chalupova K, Jurkova K, Hamsikova M, Andrys R, Haleckova A, Svobodova J, Schmidt M, Benek O, Musilek K. Nanomolar Benzothiazole-Based Inhibitors of 17β-HSD10 with Cellular Bioactivity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1724-1732. [PMID: 38116418 PMCID: PMC10726454 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional mitochondrial enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10) is a potential drug target for the treatment of various pathologies. The most discussed is the pathology associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), where 17β-HSD10 overexpression and its interaction with amyloid-β peptide contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal stress. In this work, a series of new benzothiazole-derived 17β-HSD10 inhibitors were designed based on the structure-activity relationship analysis of formerly published inhibitors. A set of enzyme-based and cell-based methods were used to evaluate the inhibitory potency of new compounds, their interaction with the enzyme, and their cytotoxicity. Most compounds exhibited significantly a higher inhibitory potential compared to published benzothiazolyl ureas and good target engagement in a cellular environment accompanied by low cytotoxicity. The best hits displayed mixed-type inhibition with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the nanomolar range for the purified enzyme (3-7, 15) and/or low micromolar IC50 values in the cell-based assay (6, 13-16).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katarina Chalupova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Jurkova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Hamsikova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Andrys
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Annamaria Haleckova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Svobodova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Schmidt
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Benek
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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3
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Schmidt M, Vaskova M, Rotterova A, Fiandova P, Miskerikova M, Zemanova L, Benek O, Musilek K. Physiologically relevant fluorescent assay for identification of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 inhibitors. J Neurochem 2023; 167:154-167. [PMID: 37458164 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (HSD10) is a potential molecular target for treatment of mitochondrial-related disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Its over-expression in AD brains is one of the critical factors disturbing the homeostasis of neuroprotective steroids and exacerbating amyloid beta (Aβ)-mediated mitochondrial toxicity and neuronal stress. This study was focused on revalidation of the most potent HSD10 inhibitors derived from benzothiazolyl urea scaffold using fluorescent-based enzymatic assay with physiologically relevant substrates of 17β-oestradiol and allopregnanolone. The oestradiol-based assay led to the identification of two nanomolar inhibitors (IC50 70 and 346 nM) differing from HSD10 hits revealed from the formerly used assay. Both identified inhibitors were found to be effective also in allopregnanolone-based assay with non-competitive or uncompetitive mode of action. In addition, both inhibitors were confirmed to penetrate the HEK293 cells and they were able to inhibit the HSD10 enzyme in the cellular environment. Both molecules seem to be potential lead structures for further research and development of HDS10 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Vaskova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Rotterova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Fiandova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Miskerikova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Zemanova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Benek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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4
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He XY, Dobkin C, Brown WT, Yang SY. 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA and Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activities of Mitochondrial Type 10 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Neurodegeneration Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:1487-1497. [PMID: 35786658 PMCID: PMC9484088 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10) is necessary for brain cognitive function, but its studies were confounded by reports of Aβ-peptide binding alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD), formerly endoplasmic reticulum-associated Aβ-peptide binding protein (ERAB), for two decades so long as ABAD serves as the alternative term of 17β-HSD10. Objective: To determine whether those ABAD reports are true or false, even if they were published in prestigious journals. Methods: 6xHis-tagged 17β-HSD10 was prepared and characterized by well-established experimental procedures. Results: The N-terminal 6xHis tag did not significantly interfere with the dehydrogenase activities of 17β-HSD10, but the kinetic constants of its 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity are drastically distinct from those of ABAD, and it was not involved in ketone body metabolism as previously reported for ABAD. Furthermore, it was impossible to measure its generalized alcohol dehydrogenase activities underlying the concept of ABAD because the experimental procedures described in ABAD reports violated basic chemical and/or biochemical principles. More incredibly, both authors and journals had not yet agreed to make any corrigenda of ABAD reports. Conclusion: Brain 17β-HSD10 plays a key role in neurosteroid metabolism and further studies in this area may lead to potential treatments of neurodegeneration including AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying He
- Department of Molecular Biology, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Carl Dobkin
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - W Ted Brown
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA.,Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Song-Yu Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Biology-Neuroscience, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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Genome-wide screen identifies curli amyloid fibril as a bacterial component promoting host neurodegeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2106504118. [PMID: 34413194 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106504118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota play a critical role in regulating the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. The molecular mechanism underlying such microbe-host interaction is unclear. In this study, by feeding Caenorhabditis elegans expressing human α-syn with Escherichia coli knockout mutants, we conducted a genome-wide screen to identify bacterial genes that promote host neurodegeneration. The screen yielded 38 genes that fall into several genetic pathways including curli formation, lipopolysaccharide assembly, and adenosylcobalamin synthesis among others. We then focused on the curli amyloid fibril and found that genetically deleting or pharmacologically inhibiting the curli major subunit CsgA in E. coli reduced α-syn-induced neuronal death, restored mitochondrial health, and improved neuronal functions. CsgA secreted by the bacteria colocalized with α-syn inside neurons and promoted α-syn aggregation through cross-seeding. Similarly, curli also promoted neurodegeneration in C. elegans models of Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease and in human neuroblastoma cells.
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Vinklarova L, Schmidt M, Benek O, Kuca K, Gunn-Moore F, Musilek K. Friend or enemy? Review of 17β-HSD10 and its role in human health or disease. J Neurochem 2020; 155:231-249. [PMID: 32306391 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD10) is a multifunctional human enzyme with important roles both as a structural component and also as a catalyst of many metabolic pathways. This mitochondrial enzyme has important functions in the metabolism, development and aging of the neural system, where it is involved in the homeostasis of neurosteroids, especially in regard to estradiol, changes in which make it an essential part of neurodegenerative pathology. These roles therefore, indicate that 17β-HSD10 may be a possible druggable target for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), and in hormone-dependent cancer. The objective of this review was to provide a summary about physiological functions and pathological roles of 17β-HSD10 and the modulators of its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Vinklarova
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Schmidt
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Benek
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Kamil Musilek
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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7
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Corti O, Blomgren K, Poletti A, Beart PM. Autophagy in neurodegeneration: New insights underpinning therapy for neurological diseases. J Neurochem 2020; 154:354-371. [PMID: 32149395 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In autophagy long-lived proteins, protein aggregates or damaged organelles are engulfed by vesicles called autophagosomes prior to lysosomal degradation. Autophagy dysfunction is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases in which misfolded proteins or dysfunctional mitochondria accumulate. Excessive autophagy can also exacerbate brain injury under certain conditions. In this review, we provide specific examples to illustrate the critical role played by autophagy in pathological conditions affecting the brain and discuss potential therapeutic implications. We show how a singular type of autophagy-dependent cell death termed autosis has attracted attention as a promising target for improving outcomes in perinatal asphyxia and hypoxic-ischaemic injury to the immature brain. We provide evidence that autophagy inhibition may be protective against radiotherapy-induced damage to the young brain. We describe a specialized form of macroautophagy of therapeutic relevance for motoneuron and neuromuscular diseases, known as chaperone-assisted selective autophagy, in which heat shock protein B8 is used to deliver aberrant proteins to autophagosomes. We summarize studies pinpointing mitophagy mediated by the serine/threonine kinase PINK1 and the ubiquitin-protein ligase Parkin as a mechanism potentially relevant to Parkinson's disease, despite debate over the physiological conditions in which it is activated in organisms. Finally, with the example of the autophagy-inducing agent rilmenidine and its discrepant effects in cell culture and mouse models of motor neuron disorders, we illustrate the importance of considering aspects such a disease stage and aggressiveness, type of insult and load of damaged or toxic cellular components, when choosing the appropriate drug, timepoint and duration of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Corti
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Paediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Philip M Beart
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
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8
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Seshadri A, Alladi PA. Divergent Expression Patterns of Drp1 and HSD10 in the Nigro-Striatum of Two Mice Strains Based on their MPTP Susceptibility. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:27-38. [PMID: 30993548 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in the basal ganglia circuitry are critical events in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). We earlier compared MPTP-susceptible C57BL/6J and MPTP-resistant CD-1 mice to understand the differential prevalence of PD in different ethnic populations like Caucasians and Asian-Indians. The MPTP-resistant CD-1 mice had 33% more nigral neurons and lost only 15-17% of them following MPTP administration. In addition to other cytomorphological features, their basal ganglia neurons had higher calcium-buffering protein levels. During disease pathogenesis as well as in MPTP-induced parkinsonian models, the loss of nigral neurons is associated with reduction in mitochondrial complex-1. Under these conditions, mitochondria respond by undergoing fusion or fission. 17β-hydroxysteroid type 10, i.e., hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase10 (HSD10) and dynamin-related peptide1 (Drp1) are proteins involved in mitochondrial hyperfusion and fission, respectively. Each plays an important role in mitochondrial structure and homeostasis. Their role in determining susceptibility to the neurotoxin MPTP in basal ganglia is however unclear. We studied their expression using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting in the dorsolateral striatum, ventral tegmental area, and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of C57BL/6J and CD-1 mice. In the SNpc, which exhibits more neuron loss following MPTP, C57BL/6J had higher baseline Drp1 levels; suggesting persistence of fission under normal conditions. Whereas, HSD10 levels increased in CD-1 following MPTP administration. This suggests mitochondrial hyperfusion, as an attempt towards neuroprotection. Thus, the baseline differences in HSD10 and DRP1 levels as well as their contrasting MPTP-responses may be critical determinants of the magnitude of neuronal loss/survival. Similar differences may determine the variable susceptibility to PD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Seshadri
- Department of Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Phalguni Anand Alladi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India.
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9
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Kristofikova Z, Ricny J, Kaping D, Klaschka J, Kotoucova J, Bartos A. Levels of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 in CSF are not a valuable biomarker for multiple sclerosis. Biomark Med 2018; 12:1331-1340. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to characterize the role of mitochondrial 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10) overexpression in multiple sclerosis (MS) and to evaluate its use as a biomarker. Materials & methods: We estimated levels of 17β-HSD10, amyloid β 1–42, cyclophilin D, 17β-HSD10-cyclophilin D complexes or 17β-HSD10-parkin complexes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Results: The increase in 17β-HSD10 levels or in 17β-HSD10-parkin complexes and links to leukocytes were found only in relapsing–remitting MS. The sensitivity of the biomarker was 64%, the specificity equaled 60–63% compared with controls. Conclusion: Increased CSF levels of 17β-HSD10 in later stages of MS could be interpreted via its upregulation in demyelinated neuronal axons. CSF levels of 17β-HSD10 are not the valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis or for the progression of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Ricny
- National Institute of Mental Health, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Kaping
- National Institute of Mental Health, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Klaschka
- Institute of Computer Science, Academy of Sciences, 182 07 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jolana Kotoucova
- National Institute of Mental Health, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Bartos
- National Institute of Mental Health, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurology, Third Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
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10
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Morsy A, Trippier PC. Amyloid-Binding Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ABAD) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. J Med Chem 2018; 62:4252-4264. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C. Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
- Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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11
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Litim N, Morissette M, Caruso D, Melcangi RC, Di Paolo T. Effect of the 5α-reductase enzyme inhibitor dutasteride in the brain of intact and parkinsonian mice. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 174:242-256. [PMID: 28982631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dutasteride is a 5alpha-reductase inhibitor in clinical use to treat endocrine conditions. The present study investigated the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of dutasteride in intact and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned mice using a low dose of MPTP not affecting motor activity modeling early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). We hypothesized that dutasteride neuroprotection is due to altered steroids levels. Dutasteride pre-treatment prevented loss of striatal dopamine (DA) and its metabolite DOPAC. Dutasteride decreased effects of MPTP on striatal dopamine transporter (DAT), vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) and D2 DA receptor specific binding while D1 receptor specific binding remained unchanged. Dutasteride enhanced DAT specific binding and the glycosylated form of DAT in intact mice. MPTP-lesioned mice had plasma and brain testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels lower than control mice whereas progesterone and its metabolites (dihydroprogesterone, isopregnanolone and tetrahydroprogesterone) pathway showed increases. Dutasteride treatment by inhibiting transformation of progesterone and testosterone to its metabolites elevated plasma and brain concentrations of testosterone compared to MPTP mice and decreased DHT levels in intact mice. Plasma and brain estradiol levels were low and remained unchanged by MPTP and/or dutasteride treatment. Dutasteride treatment did not affect striatal phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream substrate GSK3β as well as phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in intact and MPTP lesioned MPTP mice. Striatal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels were markedly elevated in MPTP compared to control mice and dutasteride reduced GFAP levels in MPTP mice. Treatment with dutasteride post-lesion left unchanged striatal DA levels. These results suggest dutasteride as promising drug for PD neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadhir Litim
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL, Quebec City, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Marc Morissette
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto C Melcangi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Thérèse Di Paolo
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL, Quebec City, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.
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12
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Mouton-Liger F, Jacoupy M, Corvol JC, Corti O. PINK1/Parkin-Dependent Mitochondrial Surveillance: From Pleiotropy to Parkinson's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:120. [PMID: 28507507 PMCID: PMC5410576 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most frequent neurodegenerative disease caused by the preferential, progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta. PD is characterized by a multifaceted pathological process involving protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation and metabolism deregulation. The molecular mechanisms governing the complex interplay between the different facets of this process are still unknown. PARK2/Parkin and PARK6/PINK1, two genes responsible for familial forms of PD, act as a ubiquitous core signaling pathway, coupling mitochondrial stress to mitochondrial surveillance, by regulating mitochondrial dynamics, the removal of damaged mitochondrial components by mitochondria-derived vesicles, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Over the last decade, PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitochondrial quality control emerged as a pleiotropic regulatory pathway. Loss of its function impinges on a number of physiological processes suspected to contribute to PD pathogenesis. Its role in the regulation of innate immunity and inflammatory processes stands out, providing compelling support to the contribution of non-cell-autonomous immune mechanisms in PD. In this review, we illustrate the central role of this multifunctional pathway at the crossroads between mitochondrial stress, neuroinflammation and metabolism. We discuss how its dysfunction may contribute to PD pathogenesis and pinpoint major unresolved questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Mouton-Liger
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1127Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7225Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S 1127Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICMParis, France
| | - Maxime Jacoupy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1127Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7225Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S 1127Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICMParis, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1127Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7225Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S 1127Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICMParis, France.,Department of Neurology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CIC-1422, Hôpital Pitié-SalpêtrièreParis, France
| | - Olga Corti
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1127Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7225Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S 1127Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICMParis, France
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Ockleford C, Adriaanse P, Berny P, Brock T, Duquesne S, Grilli S, Hernandez-Jerez AF, Bennekou SH, Klein M, Kuhl T, Laskowski R, Machera K, Pelkonen O, Pieper S, Smith R, Stemmer M, Sundh I, Teodorovic I, Tiktak A, Topping CJ, Wolterink G, Angeli K, Fritsche E, Hernandez-Jerez AF, Leist M, Mantovani A, Menendez P, Pelkonen O, Price A, Viviani B, Chiusolo A, Ruffo F, Terron A, Bennekou SH. Investigation into experimental toxicological properties of plant protection products having a potential link to Parkinson's disease and childhood leukaemia. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04691. [PMID: 32625422 PMCID: PMC7233269 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2013, EFSA published a literature review on epidemiological studies linking exposure to pesticides and human health outcome. As a follow up, the EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their residues (PPR Panel) was requested to investigate the plausible involvement of pesticide exposure as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD) and childhood leukaemia (CHL). A systematic literature review on PD and CHL and mode of actions for pesticides was published by EFSA in 2016 and used as background documentation. The Panel used the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) conceptual framework to define the biological plausibility in relation to epidemiological studies by means of identification of specific symptoms of the diseases as AO. The AOP combines multiple information and provides knowledge of biological pathways, highlights species differences and similarities, identifies research needs and supports regulatory decisions. In this context, the AOP approach could help in organising the available experimental knowledge to assess biological plausibility by describing the link between a molecular initiating event (MIE) and the AO through a series of biologically plausible and essential key events (KEs). As the AOP is chemically agnostic, tool chemical compounds were selected to empirically support the response and temporal concordance of the key event relationships (KERs). Three qualitative and one putative AOP were developed by the Panel using the results obtained. The Panel supports the use of the AOP framework to scientifically and transparently explore the biological plausibility of the association between pesticide exposure and human health outcomes, identify data gaps, define a tailored testing strategy and suggests an AOP's informed Integrated Approach for Testing and Assessment (IATA). This publication is linked to the following EFSA Supporting Publications article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2017.EN-1190/full
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14
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Kristofikova Z, Ricny J, Vyhnalek M, Hort J, Laczo J, Sirova J, Klaschka J, Ripova D. Levels of 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 10 in Cerebrospinal Fluid of People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Various Types of Dementias. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 48:105-14. [PMID: 26401932 DOI: 10.3233/jad-142898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of the mitochondrial enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10, which is also known as the intracellular amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) binding protein) is observed in cortical or hippocampal regions of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). It appears that 17β-HSD10 may play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. OBJECTIVE We investigated the possibility that levels of 17β-HSD10 in cerebrospinal fluid could be a prospective biomarker of AD. METHODS We estimated the enzyme levels in 161 people (15 non-demented controls, 52 people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 35 people with probable AD, or 59 people with other types of dementia) and compared them with those of Aβ(1- 42), tau, and phospho-tau. RESULTS We found significantly higher levels of 17β-HSD10 in people with MCI due to AD (to 109.9% ), with AD (to 120.0% ), or with other types of dementia (to 110.9% ) when compared to the control group. The sensitivity of the new biomarker to AD was 80.0% , and the specificity was 73.3% (compared to controls) or 52.5-59.1% (compared to other types of dementia). Results of multiple linear regression and of correlation analysis revealed AD-mediated changes in links between 17β-HSD10 and Mini Mental State Examination score. CONCLUSION It seems that changes in 17β-HSD10 start many years before symptom onset, analogous to those in Aβ1 - 42, tau, or phospho-tau and that the levels are a relatively highly sensitive but unfortunately less specific biomarker of AD. A role of 17β-HSD10 overexpression in AD is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Ricny
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vyhnalek
- Memory Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague 5, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hort
- Memory Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague 5, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laczo
- Memory Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague 5, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Sirova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Klaschka
- Institute of Computer Science, Academy of Sciences, Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Ripova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
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15
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Esteras N, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Abramov AY. Nrf2 activation in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on its role in mitochondrial bioenergetics and function. Biol Chem 2016; 397:383-400. [PMID: 26812787 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2015-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor well-known for its function in controlling the basal and inducible expression of a variety of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes. As part of its cytoprotective activity, increasing evidence supports its role in metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics and function. Neurodegenerative diseases are excellent candidates for Nrf2-targeted treatments. Most neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia and Friedreich's ataxia are characterized by oxidative stress, misfolded protein aggregates, and chronic inflammation, the common targets of Nrf2 therapeutic strategies. Together with them, mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of most neurodegenerative disorders. The recently recognized ability of Nrf2 to regulate intermediary metabolism and mitochondrial function makes Nrf2 activation an attractive and comprehensive strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to focus on the potential therapeutic role of Nrf2 activation in neurodegeneration, with special emphasis on mitochondrial bioenergetics and function, metabolism and the role of transporters, all of which collectively contribute to the cytoprotective activity of this transcription factor.
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16
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Mounsey RB, Mustafa S, Robinson L, Ross RA, Riedel G, Pertwee RG, Teismann P. Increasing levels of the endocannabinoid 2-AG is neuroprotective in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2015; 273:36-44. [PMID: 26244281 PMCID: PMC4654430 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common chronic neurodegenerative disorder, usually of idiopathic origin. Symptoms including tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability are caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal region of the brain. Symptomatic therapies are available but no treatment slows or prevents the loss of neurons. Neuroinflammation has been implicated in its pathogenesis. To this end, the present study utilises the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) neurotoxin to reproduce the pattern of cell death evident in PD patients. Herein, the role of a potential regulator of an immune response, the endocannabinoid system (ECS), is investigated. The most prevalent endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) (3 and 5 mg/kg), was added exogenously and its enzymatic degradation inhibited to provide protection against MPTP-induced cell death. Furthermore, the addition of DFU (25 mg/kg), a selective inhibitor of inflammatory mediator cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), potentiated these effects. Levels of 2-AG were shown to be upregulated in a time- and region-specific manner following MPTP administration, indicating that the ECS represents a natural defence mechanism against inflammation, potentiation of which could provide therapeutic benefits. The results expand the current understanding of the role that this signalling system has and its potential influence in PD. We investigate the role of 2-AG in a model of Parkinson's disease. 2-AG and inhibition of its metabolism by JZL184 protected against MPTP toxicity. A combination of JZL184 with a COX-2 inhibitor increased the effect. Manipulation of endocannabinoid levels might be useful for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross B Mounsey
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Scotland, UK
| | - Sarah Mustafa
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Scotland, UK
| | - Lianne Robinson
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Scotland, UK; Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY Scotland, UK
| | - Ruth A Ross
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A, Canada
| | - Gernot Riedel
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Scotland, UK
| | - Roger G Pertwee
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Scotland, UK
| | - Peter Teismann
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Scotland, UK.
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17
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Parkin maintains mitochondrial levels of the protective Parkinson's disease-related enzyme 17-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10. Cell Death Differ 2015; 22:1563-76. [PMID: 25591737 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the PARK2 and PINK1 genes, encoding the cytosolic E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Parkin and the mitochondrial serine/threonine kinase PINK1, respectively, cause autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkin and PINK1 cooperate in a biochemical mitochondrial quality control pathway regulating mitochondrial morphology, dynamics and clearance. This study identifies the multifunctional PD-related mitochondrial matrix enzyme 17-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (HSD17B10) as a new Parkin substrate. Parkin overproduction in cells increased mitochondrial HSD17B10 abundance by a mechanism involving ubiquitin chain extension, whereas PARK2 downregulation or deficiency caused mitochondrial HSD17B10 depletion in cells and mice. HSD17B10 levels were also found to be low in the brains of PD patients with PARK2 mutations. Confocal and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy revealed that HSD17B10 recruited Parkin to the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM), close to PINK1, both in functional mitochondria and after the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). PD-causing PARK2 mutations impaired interaction with HSD17B10 and the HSD17B10-dependent mitochondrial translocation of Parkin. HSD17B10 overproduction promoted mitochondrial elongation and mitigated CCCP-induced mitochondrial degradation independently of enzymatic activity. These effects were abolished by overproduction of the fission-promiting dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). By contrast, siRNA-mediated HSD17B10 silencing enhanced mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. These findings suggest that the maintenance of appropriate mitochondrial HSD17B10 levels is one of the mechanisms by which Parkin preserves mitochondrial quality. The loss of this protective mechanism may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal degeneration in autosomal recessive PD.
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18
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Yang SY, He XY, Isaacs C, Dobkin C, Miller D, Philipp M. Roles of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 in neurodegenerative disorders. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 143:460-72. [PMID: 25007702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10) is encoded by the HSD17B10 gene mapping at Xp11.2. This homotetrameric mitochondrial multifunctional enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of neuroactive steroids and the degradation of isoleucine. This enzyme is capable of binding to other peptides, such as estrogen receptor α, amyloid-β, and tRNA methyltransferase 10C. Missense mutations of the HSD17B10 gene result in 17β-HSD10 deficiency, an infantile neurodegeneration characterized by progressive psychomotor regression and alteration of mitochondria morphology. 17β-HSD10 exhibits only a negligible alcohol dehydrogenase activity, and is not localized in the endoplasmic reticulum or plasma membrane. Its alternate name - Aβ binding alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD) - is a misnomer predicated on the mistaken belief that this enzyme is an alcohol dehydrogenase. Misconceptions about the localization and function of 17β-HSD10 abound. 17β-HSD10's proven location and function must be accurately identified to properly assess this enzyme's important role in brain metabolism, especially the metabolism of allopregnanolone. The brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of animals in an AD mouse model exhibit abnormally elevated levels of 17β-HSD10. Abnormal expression, as well as mutations of the HSD17B10 gene leads to impairment of the structure, function, and dynamics of mitochondria. This may underlie the pathogenesis of the synaptic and neuronal deficiency exhibited in 17β-HSD10 related diseases, including 17β-HSD10 deficiency and AD. Restoration of steroid homeostasis could be achieved by the supplementation of neuroactive steroids with a proper dosing and treatment regimen or by the adjustment of 17β-HSD10 activity to protect neurons. The discovery of this enzyme's true function has opened a new therapeutic avenue for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yu Yang
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA; Neuroscience Doctoral Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Xue-Ying He
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Charles Isaacs
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Carl Dobkin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA; Neuroscience Doctoral Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, NY 10016, USA
| | - David Miller
- Department of Molecular Biology, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Manfred Philipp
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College of CUNY, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; Biochemistry Doctoral Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, NY 10016, USA
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19
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Teismann P, Sathe K, Bierhaus A, Leng L, Martin HL, Bucala R, Weigle B, Nawroth PP, Schulz JB. Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) deficiency protects against MPTP toxicity. Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33:2478-90. [PMID: 22227007 PMCID: PMC3712169 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder of unknown pathogenesis characterized by the loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Oxidative stress, microglial activation and inflammatory responses seem to contribute to the pathogenesis. The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules. The formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), the first ligand of RAGE identified, requires a complex series of reactions including nonenzymatic glycation and free radical reactions involving superoxide-radicals and hydrogen peroxide. Binding of RAGE ligands results in activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB). We show that RAGE ablation protected nigral dopaminergic neurons against cell death induced by the neurotoxin MPTP that mimics most features of PD. In RAGE-deficient mice the translocation of the NF-κB subunit p65 to the nucleus, in dopaminergic neurons and glial cells was inhibited suggesting that RAGE involves the activation of NF-κB. The mRNA level of S100, one of the ligands of RAGE, was increased after MPTP treatment. The dopaminergic neurons treated with MPP(+) and S100 protein showed increased levels of apoptotic cell death, which was attenuated in RAGE-deficient mice. Our results suggest that activation of RAGE contributes to MPTP/MPP(+)-induced death of dopaminergic neurons that may be mediated by NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Teismann
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Center of Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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20
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Zschocke J. HSD10 disease: clinical consequences of mutations in the HSD17B10 gene. J Inherit Metab Dis 2012; 35:81-9. [PMID: 22127393 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-011-9415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The HSD17B10 gene is located on chromosome Xp11.2 and codes for a multifunctional protein called 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (HSD10). This protein catalyzes the 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenation (MHBD) reaction in isoleucine metabolism and is an essential component of mitochondrial RNase P required for the processing of mtDNA transcripts. HSD10 is required for normal mitochondrial maintenance, and complete loss of HSD10 is incompatible with life. Mutations in the HSD17B10 gene have been reported in 19 families. The classical infantile form of what is best named HSD10 disease is characterized by a period of more or less normal development in the first 6-18 months of life. Some patients showed transient metabolic derangement in the neonatal period, with good clinical recovery but often persistent lactate elevation. Usually from age 6-18 months affected boys show a progressive neurodegenerative disease course in conjunction with retinopathy and cardiomyopathy leading to death at age 2-4 years or later. A more severe presentation in the neonatal period with little neurological development, severe progressive cardiomyopathy, and early death, is denoted neonatal form. Juvenile and atypical/asymptomatic forms of HSD10 disease have been recognized. Heterozygous females often show non-progressive developmental delay and intellectual disability but may also be clinically normal. The pathogenesis is poorly understood but is unrelated to MHBD function. Diagnosis is based on typical abnormalities in urinary organic acid analysis and molecular studies. The same de novo mutation p.R130C was found in over half of patient families; it is associated with the infantile disease form. There is no effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Zschocke
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Schöpfstr 41, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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21
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Abstract
It is well established that the intracellular accumulation of Aβ (amyloid β-peptide) is associated with AD (Alzheimer's disease) and that this accumulation is toxic to neurons. The precise mechanism by which this toxicity occurs is not well understood; however, identifying the causes of this toxicity is an essential step towards developing treatments for AD. One intracellular location where the accumulation of Aβ can have a major effect is within mitochondria, where mitochondrial proteins have been identified that act as binding sites for Aβ, and when binding occurs, a toxic response results. At one of these identified sites, an enzyme known as ABAD (amyloid-binding alcohol dehydrogenase), we have identified changes in gene expression in the brain cortex, following Aβ accumulation within mitochondria. Specifically, we have identified two proteins that are up-regulated not only in the brains of transgenic animal models of AD but also in those of human sufferers. The increased expression of these proteins demonstrates the complex and counteracting pathways that are activated in AD. Previous studies have identified approximate contact sites between ABAD and Aβ; on basis of these observations, we have shown that by using a modified peptide approach it is possible to reverse the expression of these two proteins in living transgenic animals and also to recover mitochondrial and behavioural deficits. This indicates that the ABAD–Aβ interaction is potentially an interesting target for therapeutic intervention. To explore this further we used a fluorescing substrate mimic to measure the activity of ABAD within living cells, and in addition we have identified chemical fragments that bind to ABAD, using a thermal shift assay.
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22
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Bobba A, Petragallo VA, Marra E, Atlante A. Alzheimer's proteins, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction interplay in a neuronal model of Alzheimer's disease. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20862336 PMCID: PMC2939402 DOI: 10.4061/2010/621870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the interplay between beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, Tau fragments, oxidative stress, and mitochondria in the neuronal model of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) in which the molecular events reminiscent of AD are activated. The identification of the death route and the cause/effect relationships between the events leading to death could be helpful to manage the progression of apoptosis in neurodegeneration and to define antiapoptotic treatments acting on precocious steps of the death process. Mitochondrial dysfunction is among the earliest events linked to AD and might play a causative role in disease onset and progression. Recent studies on CGNs have shown that adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) impairment, due to interaction with toxic N-ter Tau fragment, contributes in a significant manner to bioenergetic failure and mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings open a window for new therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving and/or improving mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Bobba
- Istituto di Biomembrane e Bioenergetica, CNR, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
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23
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Cornille E, Abou-Hamdan M, Khrestchatisky M, Nieoullon A, de Reggi M, Gharib B. Enhancement of L-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity and circulating ketone body levels by pantethine. Relevance to dopaminergic injury. BMC Neurosci 2010; 11:51. [PMID: 20416081 PMCID: PMC2880308 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-11-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The administration of the ketone bodies hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate is known to exert a protective effect against metabolic disorders associated with cerebral pathologies. This suggests that the enhancement of their endogenous production might be a rational therapeutic approach. Ketone bodies are generated by fatty acid beta-oxidation, a process involving a mitochondrial oxido-reductase superfamily, with fatty acid-CoA thioesters as substrates. In this report, emphasis is on the penultimate step of the process, i.e. L-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity. We determined changes in enzyme activity and in circulating ketone body levels in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Since the active moiety of CoA is pantetheine, mice were treated with pantethine, its naturally-occurring form. Pantethine has the advantage of being known as an anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic agent with very few side effects. Results We found that dehydrogenase activity and circulating ketone body levels were drastically reduced by the neurotoxin MPTP, whereas treatment with pantethine overcame these adverse effects. Pantethine prevented dopaminergic neuron loss and motility disorders. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the protection was associated with enhancement of glutathione (GSH) production as well as restoration of respiratory chain complex I activity and mitochondrial ATP levels. Remarkably, pantethine treatment boosted the circulating ketone body levels in MPTP-intoxicated mice, but not in normal animals. Conclusions These finding demonstrate the feasibility of the enhancement of endogenous ketone body production and provide a promising therapeutic approach to Parkinson's disease as well as, conceivably, to other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Cornille
- Neurobiologie des Interactions Cellulaires et Neurophysiopathologie, UMR CNRS 6184, Université de la Méditerranée, 13015 Marseille, France
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Rauschenberger K, Schöler K, Sass JO, Sauer S, Djuric Z, Rumig C, Wolf NI, Okun JG, Kölker S, Schwarz H, Fischer C, Grziwa B, Runz H, Nümann A, Shafqat N, Kavanagh KL, Hämmerling G, Wanders RJA, Shield JPH, Wendel U, Stern D, Nawroth P, Hoffmann GF, Bartram CR, Arnold B, Bierhaus A, Oppermann U, Steinbeisser H, Zschocke J. A non-enzymatic function of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 is required for mitochondrial integrity and cell survival. EMBO Mol Med 2010; 2:51-62. [PMID: 20077426 PMCID: PMC3377269 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.200900055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of the mitochondrial enzyme 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase involved in isoleucine metabolism causes an organic aciduria with atypical neurodegenerative course. The disease-causing gene is HSD17B10 and encodes 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (HSD10), a protein also implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Here we show that clinical symptoms in patients are not correlated with residual enzymatic activity of mutated HSD10. Loss-of-function and rescue experiments in Xenopus embryos and cells derived from conditional Hsd17b10−/− mice demonstrate that a property of HSD10 independent of its enzymatic activity is essential for structural and functional integrity of mitochondria. Impairment of this function in neural cells causes apoptotic cell death whilst the enzymatic activity of HSD10 is not required for cell survival. This finding indicates that the symptoms in patients with mutations in the HSD17B10 gene are unrelated to accumulation of toxic metabolites in the isoleucine pathway and, rather, related to defects in general mitochondrial function. Therefore alternative therapeutic approaches to an isoleucine-restricted diet are required.
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25
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Muirhead KEA, Borger E, Aitken L, Conway SJ, Gunn-Moore FJ. The consequences of mitochondrial amyloid beta-peptide in Alzheimer's disease. Biochem J 2010; 426:255-70. [PMID: 20175748 DOI: 10.1042/bj20091941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Abeta (amyloid-beta peptide) has long been associated with Alzheimer's disease, originally in the form of extracellular plaques. However, in the present paper we review the growing evidence for the role of soluble intracellular Abeta in the disease progression, with particular reference to Abeta found within the mitochondria. Once inside the cell, Abeta is able to interact with a number of targets, including the mitochondrial proteins ABAD (amyloid-binding alcohol dehydrogenase) and CypD (cyclophilin D), which is a component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Interference with the normal functions of these proteins results in disruption of cell homoeostasis and ultimately cell death. The present review explores the possible mechanisms by which cell death occurs, considering the evidence presented on a molecular, cellular and in vivo level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty E A Muirhead
- School of Biology, Bute Medical Building, University of St Andrews, Westburn Lane, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, UK.
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Moeller G, Adamski J. Integrated view on 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2009; 301:7-19. [PMID: 19027824 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2008.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Revised: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
17beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17beta-HSDs) are important enzymes in steroid metabolism. Long known members of the protein family seemed to be well characterised concerning their role in the regulation of the biological potency of steroid hormones, but today more and more evidence points to pivotal contributions of these enzymes in a variety of other metabolic pathways. Therefore, studies on 17beta-HSDs develop towards metabolomic survey. Latest research results give new insights into the complex metabolic interconnectivity of the 17beta-HSDs. In this paper metabolic activities of 17beta-HSDs will be compared, their interplay with endogenous substrates summarised, and interlacing pathways depicted. Strategies on deciphering the physiological role of 17beta-HSDs and the genetic predisposition for associated diseases will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Moeller
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Ramljak S, Asif AR, Armstrong VW, Wrede A, Groschup MH, Buschmann A, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Bodemer W, Zerr I. Physiological role of the cellular prion protein (PrPc): protein profiling study in two cell culture systems. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:2681-95. [PMID: 18537284 DOI: 10.1021/pr7007187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The physiological role of the cellular prion protein (PrP (c)) is still not fully understood. Current evidence strongly suggests that PrP (c) overexpression in different cell lines sensitizes cells to apoptotic stimuli through a p53 dependent pathway. On the other hand, an expression of PrP (c) in PrP (c)-deficient cells undergoing apoptosis exhibited repeatedly antiapoptotic effects. Therefore, the presence/absence and/or the level of PrP (c) expression seem to be critical for the fluctuation between PrP (c)'s pro- and antiapoptotic properties. The present study examined whether an overexpression of PrP (c) itself, without addition of any apoptotic agent, can lead to proteome changes that might account for the higher responsiveness to apoptotic stimuli. Beyond this, we examined whether the sole introduction of PrP (c) into PrP (c)-deficient cells could be sufficient to up-regulate antiapoptotic proteins capable of mitigating apoptosis. For this purpose, we used two cell lines, one expressing [human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells] and the other lacking (mouse neuronal PrP (c)-deficient cells) endogenous PrP (c). Protein profiling following transient PrP (c) overexpression in HEK 293 cells revealed a major PrP (c) involvement in regulation of proteins participating in energy metabolism and cellular homeostasis, whereas transient introduction of PrP (c) into mouse neuronal PrP (c)-deficient cells resulted mainly in the regulation of proteins involved in protection against oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, we report for the first time that PrP (c) overexpression influenced the regulation of several proteins known to have contributory roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Revealing the correlation between presence/absence and/or different levels of PrP (c) expression with the regulation of certain cellular proteins might further contribute to our understanding of the complex role of PrP (c) in cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Ramljak
- Department of Neurology, Georg-August University, Gottingen, Germany
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Froyen G, Corbett M, Vandewalle J, Jarvela I, Lawrence O, Meldrum C, Bauters M, Govaerts K, Vandeleur L, Van Esch H, Chelly J, Sanlaville D, van Bokhoven H, Ropers HH, Laumonnier F, Ranieri E, Schwartz CE, Abidi F, Tarpey PS, Futreal PA, Whibley A, Raymond FL, Stratton MR, Fryns JP, Scott R, Peippo M, Sipponen M, Partington M, Mowat D, Field M, Hackett A, Marynen P, Turner G, Gécz J. Submicroscopic duplications of the hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase HSD17B10 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 are associated with mental retardation. Am J Hum Genet 2008; 82:432-43. [PMID: 18252223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Revised: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 11/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Submicroscopic copy-number imbalances contribute significantly to the genetic etiology of human disease. Here, we report a novel microduplication hot spot at Xp11.22 identified in six unrelated families with predominantly nonsyndromic XLMR. All duplications segregate with the disease, including the large families MRX17 and MRX31. The minimal, commonly duplicated region contains three genes: RIBC1, HSD17B10, and HUWE1. RIBC1 could be excluded on the basis of its absence of expression in the brain and because it escapes X inactivation in females. For the other genes, expression array and quantitative PCR analysis in patient cell lines compared to controls showed a significant upregulation of HSD17B10 and HUWE1 as well as several important genes in their molecular pathways. Loss-of-function mutations of HSD17B10 have previously been associated with progressive neurological disease and XLMR. The E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 has been implicated in TP53-associated regulation of the neuronal cell cycle. Here, we also report segregating sequence changes of highly conserved residues in HUWE1 in three XLMR families; these changes are possibly associated with the phenotype. Our findings demonstrate that an increased gene dosage of HSD17B10, HUWE1, or both contribute to the etiology of XLMR and suggest that point mutations in HUWE1 are associated with this disease too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Froyen
- Human Genome Laboratory, Department for Molecular and Developmental Genetics, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Froemming MK, Sames D. Harnessing Functional Plasticity of Enzymes: A Fluorogenic Probe for Imaging 17β-HSD10 Dehydrogenase, an Enzyme Involved in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:14518-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ja072601x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary K. Froemming
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027
| | - Dalibor Sames
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027
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Mancuso M, Coppedè F, Murri L, Siciliano G. Mitochondrial cascade hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: myth or reality? Antioxid Redox Signal 2007; 9:1631-46. [PMID: 17887917 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2007.1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are recognized to play a pivotal role in neuronal cell survival or death because they are regulators of both energy metabolism and apoptotic pathways. Morphologic, biochemical, and molecular genetic studies suggest that mitochondria might be a convergence point for neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The functions and properties of mitochondria might render subsets of selectively vulnerable neurons intrinsically susceptible to cellular aging and stress. However, the question, "Is mitochondrial dysfunction a necessary step in neurodegeneration?" is still unanswered. This review presents the ways in which malfunctioning mitochondria and oxidative stress might contribute to neuronal death in AD.
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31
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Liu X, Deng G, Chu X, Li N, Wu L, Li D. Formation of an enolate intermediate is required for the reaction catalyzed by 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:3187-90. [PMID: 17383181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2007] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/08/2007] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated substrate analogs were synthesized and incubated with rat liver 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, which reveals that the formation of an enolate intermediate is required for the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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Lenski C, Kooy RF, Reyniers E, Loessner D, Wanders RJA, Winnepenninckx B, Hellebrand H, Engert S, Schwartz CE, Meindl A, Ramser J. The reduced expression of the HADH2 protein causes X-linked mental retardation, choreoathetosis, and abnormal behavior. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 80:372-7. [PMID: 17236142 PMCID: PMC1785340 DOI: 10.1086/511527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we defined a new syndromic form of X-linked mental retardation in a 4-generation family with a unique clinical phenotype characterized by mild mental retardation, choreoathetosis, and abnormal behavior (MRXS10). Linkage analysis in this family revealed a candidate region of 13.4 Mb between markers DXS1201 and DXS991 on Xp11; therefore, mutation analysis was performed by direct sequencing in most of the 135 annotated genes located in the region. The gene (HADH2) encoding L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase II displayed a sequence alteration (c.574 C-->A; p.R192R) in all patients and carrier females that was absent in unaffected male family members and could not be found in 2,500 control X chromosomes, including in those of 500 healthy males. The silent C-->A substitution is located in exon 5 and was shown by western blot to reduce the amount of HADH2 protein by 60%-70% in the patient. Quantitative in vivo and in vitro expression studies revealed a ratio of splicing transcript amounts different from those normally seen in controls. Apparently, the reduced expression of the wild-type fragment, which results in the decreased protein expression, rather than the increased amount of aberrant splicing fragments of the HADH2 gene, is pathogenic. Our data therefore strongly suggest that reduced expression of the HADH2 protein causes MRXS10, a phenotype different from that caused by 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, which is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by missense mutations in this multifunctional protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Lenski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University, Munich, Germany
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Yan Y, Liu Y, Sorci M, Belfort G, Lustbader JW, Yan SS, Wang C. Surface plasmon resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance studies of ABAD-Abeta interaction. Biochemistry 2007; 46:1724-31. [PMID: 17253767 DOI: 10.1021/bi061314n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abeta binding alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD) is an NAD-dependent mitochondrial dehydrogenase. The binding between ABAD and Abeta is likely a direct link between Abeta and mitochondrial toxicity in Alzheimer's disease. In this study, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was employed to determine the temperature dependence of the affinity of the ABAD-Abeta interaction. A van't Hoff analysis revealed that the ABAD-Abeta association is driven by a favorable entropic change (DeltaS = 300 +/- 30 J mol-1 K-1) which overcomes an unfavorable enthalpy change (DeltaH = 49 +/- 7 kJ/mol). Therefore, hydrophobic interactions and changes in protein dynamics are the dominant driving forces of the ABAD-Abeta interaction. This is the first dissection of the entropic and enthalpic contribution to the energetics of a protein-protein interaction involving Abeta. SPR confirmed the conformational changes in the ABAD-Abeta complex after Abeta binding, consistent with differences seen in the crystal structures of free ABAD and the ABAD-Abeta complex. Saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR experiments directly and unambiguously demonstrated the inhibitory effect of Abeta on the ABAD-NAD interaction. Conversely, NAD inhibits the Abeta-ABAD interaction. Binding of Abeta and binding of NAD to ABAD are likely mutually exclusive. Thus, Abeta binding induces conformational and subsequently functional changes in ABAD, which may have a role in the mechanism of Abeta toxicity in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yan
- Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
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Pacenti M, Barzon L, Favaretto F, Fincati K, Romano S, Milan G, Vettor R, Palù G. Microarray analysis during adipogenesis identifies new genes altered by antiretroviral drugs. AIDS 2006; 20:1691-705. [PMID: 16931933 DOI: 10.1097/01.aids.0000242815.80462.5a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the pathogenesis of HAART-associated lipodystrophy, by investigating the effects of antiretroviral drugs on adipocyte differentiation and gene expression profile. DESIGN AND METHODS Analysis of gene expression profile by DNA microarrays and quantitative RT-PCR of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes treated with the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) lamivudine, zidovudine, stavudine, and zalcitabine, and with the protease inhibitors (PI) indinavir, saquinavir, and lopinavir during maturation into adipocytes. RESULTS Under standard adipogenic differentiation protocols, PI significantly inhibited adipocyte differentiation, as demonstrated by cell viability assay and Oil Red O staining and quantification, whereas NRTI had mild effects on adipogenesis. Gene expression profile analysis showed that treatment with NRTI modulated the expression of transcription factors, such as Aebp1, Pou5f1 and Phf6, which could play a key role in the determination of the adipocyte phenotype. PI also modulated gene expression toward inhibition of adipocyte differentiation, with up-regulation of the Wnt signaling gene Wnt10a and down-regulation of the expression of genes encoding master adipogenic transcription factors (e.g., C/EBPalpha and PPARgamma), oestrogen receptor beta, and adipocyte-specific markers (e.g., Adiponectin, Leptin, Mrap, Cd36, S100A8). CONCLUSIONS This study identifies new genes modulated by PI and NRTI in differentiating adipocytes. Abnormal expression of these genes, which include master adipogenic transcription factors and genes involved in lipid metabolism and cell cycle control, could contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of HAART-associated lipodystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Pacenti
- Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padua, Via A. Gabelli 63, I-35121 Padua, Italy
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Mejías R, Villadiego J, Pintado CO, Vime PJ, Gao L, Toledo-Aral JJ, Echevarría M, López-Barneo J. Neuroprotection by transgenic expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons of mice. J Neurosci 2006; 26:4500-8. [PMID: 16641229 PMCID: PMC6674068 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0122-06.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage to dopaminergic nigrostriatal (DNS) neurons plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key cytoprotective enzyme that provides NADPH, the major source of the reducing equivalents of a cell. Mutations of this enzyme are the most common enzymopathies worldwide. We have studied in vivo the role of G6PD overexpressed specifically in the DNS pathway and show that the increase of G6PD activity in the soma and axon terminals of DNS neurons, separately from other neurons or glial cells, protects them from parkinsonism. Analysis of DNS neurons by histological, neurochemical, and functional methods showed that even a moderate increase of G6PD activity rendered transgenic mice more resistant than control littermates to the toxic effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). The neuroprotective action of G6PD was also observed in aged animals despite that they had a greater susceptibility to MPTP. Therefore, overexpression of G6PD in dopaminergic neurons or pharmacological activation of the native enzyme should be considered as potential therapeutic strategies to PD.
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Yang SY, He XY, Schulz H. 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and short chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase in human health and disease. FEBS J 2005; 272:4874-83. [PMID: 16176262 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04911.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) functions in mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation by catalyzing the oxidation of straight chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoAs. HAD has a preference for medium chain substrates, whereas short chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCHAD) acts on a wide spectrum of substrates, including steroids, cholic acids, and fatty acids, with a preference for short chain methyl-branched acyl-CoAs. Therefore, HAD should not be referred to as SCHAD. SCHAD is not a member of the HAD family, but instead, belongs to the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily. Previously reported cases of SCHAD deficiency are due to an inherited HAD deficiency. SCHAD, also known as 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10, is important in brain development and aging. Abnormal levels of SCHAD in certain brain regions may contribute to the pathogenesis of some neural disorders. The human SCHAD gene and its protein product, SCHAD, are potential targets for intervention in conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and an X-linked mental retardation, that may arise from the impaired degradation of branched chain fatty acid and isoleucine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yu Yang
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, 10314, USA.
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Yan SD, Stern DM. Mitochondrial dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease: role of amyloid-beta peptide alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD). Int J Exp Pathol 2005; 86:161-71. [PMID: 15910550 PMCID: PMC2517415 DOI: 10.1111/j.0959-9673.2005.00427.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An important means of determining how amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) affects cells is to identify specific macromolecular targets and assess how Abeta interaction with such targets impacts on cellular functions. On the one hand, cell surface receptors interacting with extracellular Abeta have been identified, and their engagement by amyloid peptide can trigger intracellular signaling cascades. Recent evidence has indicated a potentially significant role for deposition of intracellular Abeta in cell stress associated with amyloidosis. Thus, specific intracellular targets of Abeta might also be of interest. Our review evaluates the potential significance of Abeta interaction with a mitochondrial enzyme termed Abeta-binding alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD), a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase-reductase family concentrated in mitochondria of neurones. Binding of Abeta to ABAD distorts the enzyme's structure, rendering it inactive with respect to its metabolic properties, and promotes mitochondrial generation of free radicals. Double transgenic mice in which increased levels of ABAD are expressed in an Abeta-rich environment, the latter provided by a mutant amyloid precursor protein transgene, demonstrate accelerated decline in spatial learning/memory and pathologic changes. These data suggest that mitochondria ABAD, ordinarily a contributor to metabolic homeostasis, has the capacity to become a pathogenic factor in an Abeta-rich environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Du Yan
- Departments of Pathology, Surgery, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Ageing Brain, College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, 650 West 168th Street, Black Building Rm. 17-01, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Teng FYH, Tang BL. Widespread γ-secretase activity in the cell, but do we need it at the mitochondria? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 328:1-5. [PMID: 15670741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.12.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2004] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
gamma-Secretase cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein already subjected to a prior beta-secretase cleavage generates beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide fragments, which are major constituents of the amyloid plagues found in Alzheimer's disease brain tissues. gamma-Secretase activity and components of the gamma-secretase complex are found in the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment, the Golgi, the trans-Golgi network, the plasma membrane, the endosomal-lysosomal system and recently, the mitochondria. Abeta fragments have been shown to be neurotoxic, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced apoptotic cell death. However, if Abeta fragments are indeed detrimental to neurons, the widespread presence of enzymatic activity that would result in their generation in the cell appears to make little sense. The presence of a gamma-secretase complex in the mitochondrion, an organelle that is particularly susceptible to Abeta toxicity, is even more puzzling. Emerging evidence suggests that both secreted and intracellular Abeta fragments have endogenous functions. Also, while the fibrillogenic Abeta1-42 is clearly neurotoxic, the more abundant and soluble Abeta1-40 is an antioxidant and could potentially be neuroprotective in several ways. A "physiological" amount of Abeta1-40 production by cellular gamma-secretase activity may be part of the neuron's natural counter against oxidative damage, in addition to endogenous roles in neuronal survival and modulation of synaptic transmission. In any case, whether Abeta is produced locally in the mitochondria and the function for mitochondrial Abeta, if produced, is yet unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Yu Hsuan Teng
- Department of Biochemistry and Programme in Neurobiology and Aging, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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