1
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Goren AY, Gungormus E, Vatanpour V, Yoon Y, Khataee A. Recent Progress on Synthesis and Properties of Black Phosphorus and Phosphorene As New-Age Nanomaterials for Water Decontamination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38604807 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Concerted efforts have been made in recent years to find solutions to water and wastewater treatment challenges and eliminate the difficulties associated with treatment methods. Various techniques are used to ensure the recycling and reuse of water resources. Owing to their excellent chemical, physical, and biological properties, nanomaterials play an important role when integrated into water/wastewater treatment technologies. Black phosphorus (BP) is a potential nanomaterial candidate for water and wastewater treatment, especially its monolayer 2D derivative called phosphorene. Phosphorene offers relative adjustability in its direct bandgap, high charge carrier mobility, and improved in-plane anisotropy compared to the most extensively studied 2D nanomaterials. In this study, we examined the physical and chemical characteristics and synthetic processes of BP and phosphorene. We provide an overview of the latest advancements in the main applications of BP and phosphorene in water/wastewater treatment, which are categorized as photocatalytic, adsorption, and membrane filtration processes. Additionally, we explore the existing difficulties in the integration of BP and phosphorene into water/wastewater treatment technologies and prospects for future research in this field. In summary, this review highlights the ongoing necessity for significant research efforts on the integration of BP and phosphorene in water and wastewater applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yagmur Goren
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Gungormus
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Vahid Vatanpour
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
- Environmental Engineering Department & National Research Center on Membrane Technologies (MEM-TEK), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Yeojoon Yoon
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Department of Chemical Engineering & ITU Synthetic Fuels and Chemicals Technology Center (ITU-SENTEK), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
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2
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Zhao M, Casiraghi C, Parvez K. Electrochemical exfoliation of 2D materials beyond graphene. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3036-3064. [PMID: 38362717 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00815k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
After the discovery of graphene in 2004, the field of atomically thin crystals has exploded with the discovery of thousands of 2-dimensional materials (2DMs) with unique electronic and optical properties, by making them very attractive for a broad range of applications, from electronics to energy storage and harvesting, and from sensing to biomedical applications. In order to integrate 2DMs into practical applications, it is crucial to develop mass scalable techniques providing crystals of high quality and in large yield. Electrochemical exfoliation is one of the most promising methods for producing 2DMs, as it enables quick and large-scale production of solution processable nanosheets with a thickness well below 10 layers and lateral size above 1 μm. Originally, this technique was developed for the production of graphene; however, in the last few years, this approach has been successfully extended to other 2DMs, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorous, hexagonal boron nitride, MXenes and many other emerging 2D materials. This review first provides an introduction to the fundamentals of electrochemical exfoliation and then it discusses the production of each class of 2DMs, by introducing their properties and giving examples of applications. Finally, a summary and perspective are given to address some of the challenges in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK.
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK.
| | - Khaled Parvez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK.
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3
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Shu C, Zhou PJ, Jia PZ, Zhang H, Liu Z, Tang W, Sun X. Electrochemical Exfoliation of Two‐Dimensional Phosphorene Sheets and its Energy Application. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200857. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Shu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Ph.D. Jiangqi Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Ph.D. Zhanhui Jia
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources Shanghai 200245 P. R. China
| | - Zhongxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources Shanghai 200245 P. R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi An Shi, Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
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Yu W, Dong Z, Abdelwahab I, Zhao X, Shi J, Shao Y, Li J, Hu X, Li R, Ma T, Wang Z, Xu QH, Tang DY, Song Y, Loh KP. High-Yield Exfoliation of Monolayer 1T'-MoTe 2 as Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast Photonics. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18448-18457. [PMID: 34714041 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-phase exfoliation can be developed for the large-scale production of two-dimensional materials for photonic applications. Although atomically thin 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) show enhanced nonlinear optical properties or photoluminescence quantum yield relative to the bulk phase, these properties are weak in the absolute sense due to the ultrashort optical path, and they are also sensitive to layer-dependent symmetry properties. Another practical issue is that the chemical stability of some TMDs (e.g., Weyl semimetals) decreases dramatically as the thickness scales down to monolayer, precluding application as optical components in air. To address these issues, a way of exfoliating TMDs that ensures instantaneous passivation needs to be developed. Here, we employed a polymer-assisted electrochemical exfoliation strategy to synthesize PVP-passivated TMDs monolayers that could be spin coated and restacked into organic-inorganic superlattices with well-defined X-ray diffraction patterns. The segregation of restacked TMDs (e.g., MoS2) by PVP allows the inversion asymmetry of individual layers to be maintained in these superlattices, which allows second harmonic generation and photoluminescence to be linearly scaled with thickness. PVP-passivated monolayer 1T'-MoTe2 saturable absorber fabricated from these flakes exhibits fast response and recovery time (<150 fs) and pulse stability. Continuous-wave mode-locking based on 1T'-MoTe2 saturable absorber in a fiber ring laser cavity has been realized, attaining a fundamental repetition rate of 3.15 MHz and pulse duration as short as 867 fs at 1563 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zikai Dong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, 100124 Beijing, China
| | - Ibrahim Abdelwahab
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yan Shao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiao Hu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Runlai Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
| | - Qing-Hua Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Ding Yuan Tang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yanrong Song
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, 100124 Beijing, China
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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Yu W, Yang J, Li J, Zhang K, Xu H, Zhou X, Chen W, Loh KP. Facile Production of Phosphorene Nanoribbons towards Application in Lithium Metal Battery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102083. [PMID: 34292638 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Like phosphorene, phosphorene nanoribbon (PNR) promises exotic properties but unzipping phosphorene into edge-defined PNR is non-trivial because of uncontrolled cutting of phosphorene along random directions. Here a facile electrochemical strategy to fabricate zigzag-edged PNRs in high yield (>80%) is reported. The presence of chemically active zigzag edges in PNR allows it to spontaneously react with Li to form a Li+ ion conducting Li3 P phase, which can be used as a protective layer on Li metal anode in lithium metal batteries (LMBs). PNR protective layer prevents the parasitic reaction between lithium metal and electrolyte and promotes Li+ ion diffusion kinetics, enabling homogenous Li+ ion flux and long-time cycling stability up to 1100 h at a current density of 1 mA cm-2 . LiFePO4 |PNR-Li full-cell batteries with an areal capacity of 2 mAh cm-2 , a lean electrolyte (20 µl mAh-1 ) and a negative/positive (N/P) electrodes ratio of 3.5 can be stably cycled over 100 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jinlin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Haomin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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6
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Wang L, Guan R, Qi Y, Zhang F, Li P, Wang J, Qu P, Zhou G, Shi W. Constructing Zn-P charge transfer bridge over ZnFe 2O 4-black phosphorus 3D microcavity structure: Efficient photocatalyst design in visible-near-infrared region. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 600:463-472. [PMID: 34030006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) is one of the most promising visible-near-infrared light-driven photocatalysts with favorite photoelectric properties and unique tunable direct band gap. Nevertheless, the further development of BP is hindered by the fast carrier recombination rate and high Gibbs free energy. Herein, an innovative strategy is developed for the controllable construction of Zn-P bonds induced zinc ferrite/black phosphorus (ZnFe2O4-BP) three dimensions (3D) microcavity structure. The Zn-P bonds serve as an efficient channel to optimize the carrier transport and Gibbs free energy of BP simultaneously. Besides, the unique 3D core-shell microcavity structure maintains the multiple reflections of sunlight inside the catalysts, which greatly improves the sunlight utilization upon photocatalysis. An optimized photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 560 µmol h-1g-1 under near-infrared light (>820 nm) is achieved. A possible photocatalytic mechanism is proposed based on a series of experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations, this work provides a new sight to design high-quantity BP-based full-spectrum photocatalysts for solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Wang
- Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials, Henan D&A Engineering Center of Advanced Battery Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China.
| | - Renquan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmentally Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Yafang Qi
- Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials, Henan D&A Engineering Center of Advanced Battery Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Fuli Zhang
- Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials, Henan D&A Engineering Center of Advanced Battery Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Pan Li
- Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials, Henan D&A Engineering Center of Advanced Battery Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Junmei Wang
- Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials, Henan D&A Engineering Center of Advanced Battery Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Peng Qu
- Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials, Henan D&A Engineering Center of Advanced Battery Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Weilong Shi
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
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7
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Guo H, Chu W, Prezhdo OV, Zheng Q, Zhao J. Strong Modulation of Band Gap, Carrier Mobility and Lifetime in Two-Dimensional Black Phosphorene through Acoustic Phonon Excitation. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3960-3967. [PMID: 33872035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorene (BP) has been attracting intense attention due to its high charge mobility and potential applications in electronic, optical and optoelectronic devices. We demonstrate by ab initio molecular dynamics and nonadiabatic quantum dynamics simulations that the excitation of out-of-plane acoustic phonon (ZA) provides strong modulation of the band gap, carrier lifetime and carrier mobility in BP. A 1% tensile strain can significantly enhance ZA mode excitation at room temperature, distinctly reducing the band gap, carrier mobility, and lifetime. These electronic properties can be tuned easily by influencing the excitation amplitude of the ZA mode. Unique to the family of two-dimensional materials, the ZA mode plays an essential role in controlling the electronic properties of BP. The results of our study provide valuable guidelines for design of functional nanodevices based on 2D BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Guo
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Weibin Chu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Qijing Zheng
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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8
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Qin H, Yang Y, Shi W, She Y. Few-layer Bi 2O 2CO 3 nanosheets derived from electrochemically exfoliated bismuthene for the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin antibiotic. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13731-13738. [PMID: 35423924 PMCID: PMC8697568 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00528f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Few-layer two-dimensional (2D) Bi2O2CO3 nanosheets with a thickness of 4-5 nm were successfully fabricated via electrochemical exfoliation, followed by an exposure to ambient conditions. The formation process for these nanosheets was explored through ex situ X-ray diffractometer. The photocatalytic capacity of 2D Bi2O2CO3 nanosheets was investigated towards the degradation of ciprofloxacin. It was shown that 2D Bi2O2CO3 nanosheets exhibited better catalytic performance than Bi2O2CO3 nanoparticles synthesized by hydrothermal method under UV-Vis light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is due to the larger specific surface area, as well as the lower band gap. Additionally, the radical trap experiments demonstrate that holes and hydroxyl radicals are of great importance in the degradation of ciprofloxacin. Finally, the 2D Bi2O2CO3 nanosheets show high stability in the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin, and could have a prospective application in the treatment of antibiotic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangdao Qin
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University Tongren 554300 China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Yingchang Yang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University Tongren 554300 China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University Tongren 554300 China
| | - Yuanbin She
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
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Li Q, Wu JT, Liu Y, Qi XM, Jin HG, Yang C, Liu J, Li GL, He QG. Recent advances in black phosphorus-based electrochemical sensors: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1170:338480. [PMID: 34090586 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of liquid-phase-exfoliated black phosphorus (BP) as a field-effect transistor in 2014, BP, with its 2D layered structure, has attracted significant attention, owing to its anisotropic electroconductivity, tunable direct bandgap, extraordinary surface activity, moderate switching ratio, high hole mobility, good biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Several pioneering research efforts have explored the application of BP in different types of electrochemical sensors. This review summarizes the latest synthesis methods, protection strategies, and electrochemical sensing applications of BP and its derivatives. The typical synthesis methods for BP-based crystals, nanosheets, and quantum dots are discussed in detail; the degradation of BP under ambient conditions is introduced; and state-of-the-art protection methodologies for enhancing BP stability are explored. Various electrochemical sensing applications, including chemically modified electrodes, electrochemiluminescence sensors, enzyme electrodes, electrochemical aptasensors, electrochemical immunosensors, and ion-selective electrodes are discussed in detail, along with the mechanisms of BP functionalization, sensing strategies, and sensing properties. Finally, the major challenges in this field are outlined and future research avenues for BP-based electrochemical sensors are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Jing-Tao Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Xiao-Man Qi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Hong-Guang Jin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Guang-Li Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China.
| | - Quan-Guo He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
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10
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Guo H, Chu W, Zheng Q, Zhao J. Tuning the Carrier Lifetime in Black Phosphorene through Family Atom Doping. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:4662-4667. [PMID: 32464063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is highly desirable to control the carrier lifetime in two-dimensional (2D) materials to suit the needs of various device functionalities. In this work, by ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulation, we find the single atom doping from phosphorus family elements can sufficiently tune the carrier lifetime in black phosphorene (BP). Instead of forming electron-hole (e-h) recombination centers, the e-h recombination is suppressed by doping compared with the pristine BP. Moreover, it is found the carrier lifetime has a strong correlation with the mass of the doping atoms. A doping atom with larger mass leads to a longer lifetime. With the heaviest family element Bi doping, the carrier lifetime increases from 0.29 to 5.34 ns. This trend can be understood from the reduction of the nuclear velocity due to the heavy doping atom. We propose this conclusion can be extended to other monoelemental 2D semiconductors, which provides important guidance for the future design of functional nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Guo
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Weibin Chu
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Qijing Zheng
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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11
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Free‐Standing Black Phosphorus Foils for Energy Storage and Catalysis. Chemistry 2020; 26:8162-8169. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Le TH, Oh Y, Kim H, Yoon H. Exfoliation of 2D Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications. Chemistry 2020; 26:6360-6401. [PMID: 32162404 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The fascinating properties of single-layer graphene isolated by mechanical exfoliation have inspired extensive research efforts toward two-dimensional (2D) materials. Layered compounds serve as precursors for atomically thin 2D materials (briefly, 2D nanomaterials) owing to their strong intraplane chemical bonding but weak interplane van der Waals interactions. There are newly emerging 2D materials beyond graphene, and it is becoming increasingly important to develop cost-effective, scalable methods for producing 2D nanomaterials with controlled microstructures and properties. The variety of developed synthetic techniques can be categorized into two classes: bottom-up and top-down approaches. Of top-down approaches, the exfoliation of bulk 2D materials into single or few layers is the most common. This review highlights chemical and physical exfoliation methods that allow for the production of 2D nanomaterials in large quantities. In addition, remarkable examples of utilizing exfoliated 2D nanomaterials in energy and environmental applications are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Hai Le
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Yuree Oh
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research &, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.,Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Yoon
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research &, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.,Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
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13
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Chen H, Chen J, Si J, Hou Y, Zheng Q, Yang B, Li Z, Gao L, Lei L, Wen Z, Feng X. Ultrathin tin monosulfide nanosheets with the exposed (001) plane for efficient electrocatalytic conversion of CO 2 into formate. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3952-3958. [PMID: 34122865 PMCID: PMC8152678 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06548b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Current Sn-based materials are ideal catalysts developed to drive the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to formate, but competing proton reduction to hydrogen is an ever-present drain on catalytic selectivity. Herein, we report a reliable electrochemical exfoliation route, with the assistance of alternating voltage, for large-scale preparation of two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin tin monosulfide nanosheets (SnS NSs), which feature a large lateral size of 1.0 μm with a thickness of ∼5.0 nm. Systematic electrochemical studies demonstrated that the achieved SnS NSs exhibited an outstanding electrocatalytic activity towards the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to the formate product, as evidenced by a considerable faradaic efficiency (F.E.) of 82.1%, a high partial current density of 18.9 mA cm-2 at -1.1 V, and a low Tafel slope of 180 mV dec-1. Further, using an electrode prepared from the resulting SnS NSs by the particle transfer method, a remarkably high formate F.E. over 91% was achieved in a wide potential window. Such high performance renders the SnS NSs among the best reported tin sulfide-based CO2RR electrocatalysts. Theoretical calculations coupled with comprehensive experimental studies demonstrated that the synergistic effect between the ultrathin layered architecture and dominantly exposed (001) plane of SnS NSs accounted for the uniquely efficient catalytic activity for the CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Junxiang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Jincheng Si
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Correlated Quantum Materials Group, Materials Science and Technology, Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 Bethel Valley Road Oak Ridge TN37831 USA
| | - Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhongjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Liguo Gao
- School Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Panjin 124221 China
| | - Lecheng Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhenhai Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01062 Dresden Germany
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14
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Yang S, Chen G, Ricciardulli AG, Zhang P, Zhang Z, Shi H, Ma J, Zhang J, Blom PWM, Feng X. Topochemical Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Phosphides Using Phosphorene Templates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:465-470. [PMID: 31593361 PMCID: PMC6972539 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal phosphides (TMPs) have emerged as a fascinating class of narrow-gap semiconductors and electrocatalysts. However, they are intrinsic nonlayered materials that cannot be delaminated into two-dimensional (2D) sheets. Here, we demonstrate a general bottom-up topochemical strategy to synthesize a series of 2D TMPs (e.g. Co2 P, Ni12 P5 , and Cox Fe2-x P) by using phosphorene sheets as the phosphorus precursors and 2D templates. Notably, 2D Co2 P is a p-type semiconductor, with a hole mobility of 20.8 cm2 V-1 s-1 at 300 K in field-effect transistors. It also behaves as a promising electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), thanks to the charge-transport modulation and improved surface exposure. In particular, iron-doped Co2 P (i.e. Co1.5 Fe0.5 P) delivers a low overpotential of only 278 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 that outperforms the commercial Ir/C benchmark (304 mV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- Chair for Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401062DresdenGermany
| | - Guangbo Chen
- Chair for Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401062DresdenGermany
| | | | - Panpan Zhang
- Chair for Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401062DresdenGermany
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Chair for Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401062DresdenGermany
| | - Huanhuan Shi
- Chair for Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401062DresdenGermany
| | - Ji Ma
- Chair for Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401062DresdenGermany
| | - Jian Zhang
- Chair for Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401062DresdenGermany
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Chair for Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401062DresdenGermany
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15
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Thurakkal S, Zhang X. Recent Advances in Chemical Functionalization of 2D Black Phosphorous Nanosheets. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902359. [PMID: 31993294 PMCID: PMC6974947 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their tunable direct bandgap, high charge carrier mobility, and unique in-plane anisotropic structure, black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) have emerged as one of the most important candidates among the 2D materials beyond graphene. However, the poor ambient stability of black phosphorus limits its practical application, due to the chemical degradation of phosphorus atoms to phosphorus oxides in the presence of oxygen and/or water. Chemical functionalization is demonstrated as an efficient approach to enhance the ambient stability of BPNSs. Herein, various covalent strategies including radical addition, nitrene addition, nucleophilic substitution, and metal coordination are summarized. In addition, efficient noncovalent functionalization methods such as van der Waals interactions, electrostatic interactions, and cation-π interactions are described in detail. Furthermore, the preparations, characterization, and diverse applications of functionalized BPNSs in various fields are recapped. The challenges faced and future directions for the chemical functionalization of BPNSs are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shameel Thurakkal
- Division of Chemistry and BiochemistryDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyKemigården 4SE‐412 96GöteborgSweden
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and BiochemistryDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyKemigården 4SE‐412 96GöteborgSweden
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16
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Yang S, Chen G, Ricciardulli AG, Zhang P, Zhang Z, Shi H, Ma J, Zhang J, Blom PWM, Feng X. Topochemical Synthesis of Two‐Dimensional Transition‐Metal Phosphides Using Phosphorene Templates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Guangbo Chen
- Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | | | - Panpan Zhang
- Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Huanhuan Shi
- Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
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17
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Zhang S, Li XY, Yang W, Tian H, Han Z, Ying H, Wang G, Han WQ. Novel Synthesis of Red Phosphorus Nanodot/Ti 3C 2T x MXenes from Low-Cost Ti 3SiC 2 MAX Phases for Superior Lithium- and Sodium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:42086-42093. [PMID: 31637912 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MXenes, synthesized from MAX, have emerged as new energy-storage materials for a good combination of metallic conductivity and rich surface chemistry. The reported MXenes are synthesized mostly from Al-based MAX. It is still a big challenge to synthesize MXenes from abundant Si-based MAX because of its strong Ti-Si bonds. Here, we report for the first time a high-energy ultrasonic cell-crushing extraction method to successfully prepare Ti3C2Tx MXenes from Si-based MAX using a single low-concentration etchant. This novel strategy for preparing MXenes has a high extraction efficiency and is a fast preparation process of less than 2 h for selective etching of Si. Furthermore, through the high-energy ball-milling technology, unique P-O-Ti bonded red phosphorus nanodot/Ti3C2Tx (PTCT) composites were successfully prepared, which enable superior electrochemical performance in lithium- and sodium-ion batteries because of the double-morphology structure, where the amorphous nano red phosphorus particles were strongly absorbed to Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets, facilitating the transport of alkali ions during cycling processes. This novel synthesis method of Ti3C2Tx MXenes from Si-based MAX and unique P-O-Ti bonded PTCT composites opens a new door for preparing high-performance MXene-based materials and facilitating the development of low-cost MXenes and other two-dimensional materials for next-generation energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunlong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201800 , China
| | - Wentao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Huajun Tian
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, Faculty of Science , University of Technology Sydney , Sydney , NSW 2007 , Australia
| | - Zhongkang Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201800 , China
| | - Hangjun Ying
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Guoxiu Wang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, Faculty of Science , University of Technology Sydney , Sydney , NSW 2007 , Australia
| | - Wei-Qiang Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
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18
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Wang T, Jin X, Yang J, Wu J, Yu Q, Pan Z, Shi X, Xu Y, Wu H, Wang J, He T, Zhang K, Zhou P. Oxidation-Resistant Black Phosphorus Enable Highly Ambient-Stable Ultrafast Pulse Generation at a 2 μm Tm/Ho-Doped Fiber Laser. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:36854-36862. [PMID: 31535548 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) ranks among the most promising saturable absorber materials for ultrafast pulse generations at 2 μm. However, the easy-to-degrade characteristic of BP seriously limits the long-term operation of ultrafast fiber lasers and hence becomes a bottleneck for its relevant practical applications. In this paper, a modified electrochemical delamination exfoliation process was explored to produce high-performance, large-size, and oxidation-resistant BP nanosheets, where BP nanosheets in high yield with evenly coated tetra-n-butyl-ammonium organics by precisely controlling the intercalation chemistry can be obtained. A mode-locked Tm/Ho co-doped fiber laser with high temporal stability and long-term operation capability was demonstrated based on the innovatively fabricated BP saturable absorber. The self-starting mode-locking operation featuring a high signal-to-noise ratio of 58 dB and long-term stability has been verified for at least 3 weeks, which indicates the successful passivation of the employed synthesis method. These results fully indicated that passivated BP is an efficient candidate in a 2 μm range ultrafast photonic field, which will promote the ultrafast optical application of BP and also other infrared photonic and photoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , China
| | - Xiaoxi Jin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , China
| | | | - Jian Wu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , China
| | | | - Zhenghui Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117574 , Singapore
| | - Xinyao Shi
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
| | | | - Hanshuo Wu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , China
| | - Tingchao He
- College of Physics and Energy , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | | | - Pu Zhou
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies , National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , China
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19
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Yu W, Li J, Herng TS, Wang Z, Zhao X, Chi X, Fu W, Abdelwahab I, Zhou J, Dan J, Chen Z, Chen Z, Li Z, Lu J, Pennycook SJ, Feng YP, Ding J, Loh KP. Chemically Exfoliated VSe 2 Monolayers with Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903779. [PMID: 31423650 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Among van der Waals layered ferromagnets, monolayer vanadium diselenide (VSe2 ) stands out due to its robust ferromagnetism. However, the exfoliation of monolayer VSe2 is challenging, not least because the monolayer flake is extremely unstable in air. Using an electrochemical exfoliation approach with organic cations as the intercalants, monolayer 1T-VSe2 flakes are successfully obtained from the bulk crystal at high yield. Thiol molecules are further introduced onto the VSe2 surface to passivate the exfoliated flakes, which improves the air stability of the flakes for subsequent characterizations. Room-temperature ferromagnetism is confirmed on the exfoliated 2D VSe2 flakes using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), and magnetic force microscopy (MFM), where the monolayer flake displays the strongest ferromagnetic properties. Se vacancies, which can be ubiquitous in such materials, also contribute to the ferromagnetism of VSe2 , although density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that such effect can be minimized by physisorbed oxygen molecules or covalently bound thiol molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Tun Seng Herng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Zishen Wang
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiao Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, 5 Research Link, Singapore, 117603, Singapore
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Ibrahim Abdelwahab
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
| | - Jiadong Dan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Zhongxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zejun Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Jiong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Stephen J Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Yuan Ping Feng
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
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20
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Qiu S, Zou B, Sheng H, Guo W, Wang J, Zhao Y, Wang W, Yuen RKK, Kan Y, Hu Y. Electrochemically Exfoliated Functionalized Black Phosphorene and Its Polyurethane Acrylate Nanocomposites: Synthesis and Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:13652-13664. [PMID: 30900457 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its mechanical performance, thermal stability, and size effects, single or few-layer black phosphorus (BP) has the potential to prepare the polymer nanocomposites as a candidate of nanoadditives, similar to graphene. The step to realize the scalable exfoliation of single or few-layer BP nanosheets is crucial to BP applications. Herein, we utilized a facile, green, and scalable electrochemical strategy for generating cobaltous phytate-functionalized BP nanosheets (BP-EC-Exf) wherein the BP crystal served as the cathode and phytic acid served as a modifier and an electrolyte simultaneously. Moreover, high-performance polyurethane acrylate/BP-EC-Exf (PUA/BP-EC) nanocomposites are easily prepared by a convenient UV-curable strategy for the first time. Significantly, the conclusion of introducing BP-EC-Exf into the PUA matrix resulted in enhancement in mechanical properties of PUA in terms of the tensile strength (increased by 59.8%) and tensile fracture strain (increased by 88.1%), in the distinct improvement in flame retardancy of PUA in terms of the decreased peak heat release rate (reduced by 44.5%) and total heat release (decreased by 34.5%), and in lower intensities of pyrolysis products including toxic CO. Moreover, it was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra that the air stability of PUA/BP-EC nanocomposites was maintained after exposure to environmental conditions for 4 months. The air-stable BP nanosheets, which were wrapped and embedded in the PUA matrix, can achieve the isolation and protection effect. This modified electrochemical method toward the simultaneous exfoliation and functionalization of BP nanosheets provides an efficient approach for fabricating BP-polymer-based nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuilai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Bin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Haibo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Junling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Yuyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Richard K K Yuen
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Yongchun Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
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21
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Qiu S, Zhou Y, Zhou X, Zhang T, Wang C, Yuen RKK, Hu W, Hu Y. Air-Stable Polyphosphazene-Functionalized Few-Layer Black Phosphorene for Flame Retardancy of Epoxy Resins. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805175. [PMID: 30714318 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Similar to graphene, few-layer black phosphorus (BP) features thermal stability, mechanical properties, and characteristic dimension effects, which has potential as a new member of nanofillers for fabricating polymer nanocomposites. Herein, a cross-linked polyphosphazene-functionalized BP (BP-PZN) is developed with abundant -NH2 groups via a one-pot polycondensation of 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene on the surface of BP nanosheets. Whereafter, the resulting BP-PZN is incorporated into epoxy resin (EP) to study the flame-retardant property and smoke suppression performance. Cone results show that the introduction of 2 wt% BP-PZN distinctly improves the flame-retardant property of EP, for instance, 59.4% decrease in peak heat release rate and 63.6% reduction in total heat release. The diffusion of pyrolysis products from EP during combustion is obviously suppressed after incorporating the BP-PZN nanosheets. Meanwhile, the EP/BP-PZN nanocomposites exhibit air stability after exposure to ambient conditions for four months. The air stability of the BP nanosheets in EP matrix is assigned to surface wrapping by PZN and embedded in the polymer matrix as dual protection. As a new member of the 2D nanomaterials, BP nanosheets have potential to be a new choice for fabricating high-performance nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuilai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yifan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Richard K K Yuen
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Weizhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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22
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Wang T, Jin X, Yang J, Wu J, Yu Q, Pan Z, Wu H, Li J, Su R, Xu J, Zhang K, He T, Zhou P. Ultra-stable pulse generation in ytterbium-doped fiber laser based on black phosphorus. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:195-202. [PMID: 36132444 PMCID: PMC9473206 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00221e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated a high-quality black phosphorus (BP) crystal fabricated via a modified electrochemical delamination exfoliation process. Employing the nonlinear transmittance method and Z-scan technique, the nonlinear optical properties of BP were characterized. Based on the saturable absorber (SA) of BP, we designed a passively Q-switched ytterbium (Yb)-doped fiber laser operating at 1.06 μm. Additionally, the pulse laser could operate stably for at least 69 days. These experimental results indicate that the modified BP is an ultra-stable and promising optical modulation material for ultrashort pulse generation in Yb-doped fiber lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China
| | - Xiaoxi Jin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China
| | - Jie Yang
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Qiang Yu
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Zhenghui Pan
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Hanshuo Wu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China
| | - Junzi Li
- College of Physics and Energy, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Rongtao Su
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China
| | - Jiangming Xu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China
| | - Kai Zhang
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Tingchao He
- College of Physics and Energy, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Pu Zhou
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China
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23
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Nicotra G, van Veen E, Deretzis I, Wang L, Hu J, Mao Z, Fabio V, Spinella C, Chiarello G, Rudenko A, Yuan S, Politano A. Anisotropic ultraviolet-plasmon dispersion in black phosphorus. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21918-21927. [PMID: 30457626 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr05502e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
By means of momentum-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) coupled with scanning transmission electron microscopy, we have studied the dispersion relation of interband plasmonic modes in the ultraviolet in black phosphorus. We find that the dispersion of the interband plasmons is anisotropic. Experimental results are reproduced by density functional theory, by taking into account both the anisotropy of the single-particle response function, arising from the anisotropic band structure, and the damping. Moreover, our theoretical model also indicates the presence of low-energy excitations in the near-infrared that are selectively active in the armchair direction, whose existence has been experimentally validated by high-resolution EELS (HREELS) in reflection mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Nicotra
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (IMM-CNR), VIII Strada 5, I-95121 Catania, Italy.
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24
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Yang S, Zhang P, Wang F, Ricciardulli AG, Lohe MR, Blom PWM, Feng X. Fluoride‐Free Synthesis of Two‐Dimensional Titanium Carbide (MXene) Using A Binary Aqueous System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Faxing Wang
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | | | - Martin R. Lohe
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed)Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01069 Dresden Germany
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25
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Yang S, Zhang P, Wang F, Ricciardulli AG, Lohe MR, Blom PWM, Feng X. Fluoride-Free Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide (MXene) Using A Binary Aqueous System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15491-15495. [PMID: 30289581 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) titanium carbide (Ti3 C2 ) is emerging as an important member of the MXene family. However, fluoride-based synthetic procedures remain an impediment to the practical applications of this promising class of materials. Here we demonstrate an efficient fluoride-free etching method based on the anodic corrosion of titanium aluminium carbide (Ti3 AlC2 ) in a binary aqueous electrolyte. The dissolution of aluminium followed by in situ intercalation of ammonium hydroxide results in the extraction of carbide flakes (Ti3 C2 Tx , T=O, OH) with sizes up to 18.6 μm and high yield (over 90 %) of mono- and bilayers. All-solid-state supercapacitor based on exfoliated sheets exhibits high areal and volumetric capacitances of 220 mF cm-2 and 439 F cm-3 , respectively, at a scan rate of 10 mV s-1 , superior to those of LiF/HCl-etched MXenes. Our strategy paves a safe way to the scalable synthesis and application of MXene materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Faxing Wang
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Martin R Lohe
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paul W M Blom
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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26
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Xu W, Liang W, Wu W, Fan C, Rao M, Su D, Zhong Z, Yang C. Supramolecular Assembly-Improved Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion in Aqueous Solution. Chemistry 2018; 24:16677-16685. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry &, Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and; Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 P.R. China
| | - Wenting Liang
- Institute of Environmental Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 P.R. China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry &, Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and; Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 P.R. China
| | - Chunying Fan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry &, Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and; Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 P.R. China
| | - Ming Rao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry &, Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and; Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 P.R. China
| | - Dan Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry &, Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and; Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry &, Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and; Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 P.R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry &, Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and; Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 P.R. China
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