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Issarapu P, Arumalla M, Elliott HR, Nongmaithem SS, Sankareswaran A, Betts M, Sajjadi S, Kessler NJ, Bayyana S, Mansuri SR, Derakhshan M, Krishnaveni GV, Shrestha S, Kumaran K, Di Gravio C, Sahariah SA, Sanderson E, Relton CL, Ward KA, Moore SE, Prentice AM, Lillycrop KA, Fall CHD, Silver MJ, Chandak GR. DNA methylation at the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) gene influences height in childhood. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5200. [PMID: 37626025 PMCID: PMC10457295 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40607-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human height is strongly influenced by genetics but the contribution of modifiable epigenetic factors is under-explored, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). We investigate links between blood DNA methylation and child height in four LMIC cohorts (n = 1927) and identify a robust association at three CpGs in the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) gene which replicates in a high-income country cohort (n = 879). SOCS3 methylation (SOCS3m)-height associations are independent of genetic effects. Mendelian randomization analysis confirms a causal effect of SOCS3m on height. In longitudinal analysis, SOCS3m explains a maximum 9.5% of height variance in mid-childhood while the variance explained by height polygenic risk score increases from birth to 21 years. Children's SOCS3m is associated with prenatal maternal folate and socio-economic status. In-vitro characterization confirms a regulatory effect of SOCS3m on gene expression. Our findings suggest epigenetic modifications may play an important role in driving child height in LMIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachand Issarapu
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- MRC Unit The Gambia at The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
| | - Manisha Arumalla
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Hannah R Elliott
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Suraj S Nongmaithem
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Alagu Sankareswaran
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Modupeh Betts
- MRC Unit The Gambia at The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
| | - Sara Sajjadi
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Noah J Kessler
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Swati Bayyana
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sohail R Mansuri
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Maria Derakhshan
- MRC Unit The Gambia at The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
| | - G V Krishnaveni
- Epidemiology Research Unit, CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Smeeta Shrestha
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kalyanaraman Kumaran
- Epidemiology Research Unit, CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Chiara Di Gravio
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Eleanor Sanderson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate A Ward
- MRC Unit The Gambia at The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
- Department of Women & Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophie E Moore
- MRC Unit The Gambia at The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
- Department of Women & Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- MRC Unit The Gambia at The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Caroline H D Fall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Matt J Silver
- MRC Unit The Gambia at The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK.
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR, Ghaziabad, India.
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2
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Aarts J, Roeleveld DM, Helsen MM, Walgreen B, Vitters EL, Kolls J, van de Loo FA, van Lent PL, van der Kraan PM, Koenders MI. Systemic overexpression of interleukin-22 induces the negative immune-regulator SOCS3 and potently reduces experimental arthritis in mice. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:1974-1983. [PMID: 33197269 PMCID: PMC8023992 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High levels of IL-22 are present in serum and synovial fluid of patients with RA. As both pro- and anti-inflammatory roles for IL-22 have been described in studies using animal models of RA, its exact function in arthritis remains poorly defined. With this study we aimed to further unravel the mechanism by which IL-22 exerts its effects and to decipher its therapeutic potential by overexpression of IL-22 either locally or systemically during experimental arthritis. METHODS CIA was induced in DBA-1 mice by immunization and booster injection with type II collagen (col II). Before arthritis onset, IL-22 was overexpressed either locally by intra-articular injection or systemically by i.v. injection using an adenoviral vector and clinical arthritis was scored for a period of 10 days. Subsequently, joints were isolated for histological analysis of arthritis severity and mRNA and protein expression of various inflammatory mediators was determined in the synovium, spleen and serum. RESULTS Local IL-22 overexpression did not alter arthritis pathology, whereas systemic overexpression of IL-22 potently reduced disease incidence, severity and pathology during CIA. Mice systemically overexpressing IL-22 showed strongly reduced serum cytokine levels of TNF-α and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α that correlated significantly with the enhanced expression of the negative immune regulator SOCS3 in the spleen. CONCLUSION With this study, we revealed clear anti-inflammatory effects of systemic IL-22 overexpression during CIA. Additionally, we are the first to show that the protective effect of systemic IL-22 during experimental arthritis is likely orchestrated via upregulation of the negative regulator SOCS3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Aarts
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Debbie M Roeleveld
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M Helsen
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Birgitte Walgreen
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elly L Vitters
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jay Kolls
- Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Fons A van de Loo
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter L van Lent
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M van der Kraan
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marije I Koenders
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Santos MRG, Queiroz-Junior CM, Madeira MFM, Machado FS. Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins in inflammatory bone disorders. Bone 2020; 140:115538. [PMID: 32730926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are significant regulators of cellular immune responses. Therefore, the role of SOCS in bone-inflammatory disorders, including arthritis and periodontitis, has been investigated in experimental and clinical conditions. Recent evidence shows that SOCS proteins are expressed in major bone-related cells, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes and synoviocytes, although their direct role in these cells is not fully described. These signaling molecules, especially SOCS1, 2 and 3, were shown to play critical roles in the control of bone resorption associated to inflammation. This review focuses on the involvement of SOCS proteins in inflammatory bone remodeling, including their direct and indirect role in the control of osteoclast hyperactivation, during arthritis and periodontitis. The description of the roles of SOCS proteins in inflammatory bone diseases highlights the pathways involved in the pathophysiology of these conditions and, thus, may contribute to the development and improvement of potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Rates Gonzaga Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Celso M Queiroz-Junior
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mila Fernandes Moreira Madeira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine/Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Hwang JY, Holland JE, Valenteros KB, Sun Y, Usherwood YK, Verissimo AF, McLellan JS, Grigoryan G, Usherwood EJ. Dissociating STAT4 and STAT5 Signaling Inhibitory Functions of SOCS3: Effects on CD8 T Cell Responses. Immunohorizons 2019; 3:547-558. [PMID: 31748225 PMCID: PMC7178138 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1800075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are critical for guiding the differentiation of T lymphocytes to perform specialized tasks in the immune response. Developing strategies to manipulate cytokine-signaling pathways holds promise to program T cell differentiation toward the most therapeutically useful direction. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are attractive targets, as they effectively inhibit undesirable cytokine signaling. However, these proteins target multiple signaling pathways, some of which we may need to remain uninhibited. SOCS3 inhibits IL-12 signaling but also inhibits the IL-2–signaling pathway. In this study, we use computational protein design based on SOCS3 and JAK crystal structures to engineer a mutant SOCS3 with altered specificity. We generated a mutant SOCS3 designed to ablate interactions with JAK1 but maintain interactions with JAK2. We show that this mutant does indeed ablate JAK1 inhibition, although, unexpectedly, it still coimmunoprecipitates with JAK1 and does so to a greater extent than with JAK2. When expressed in CD8 T cells, mutant SOCS3 preserved inhibition of JAK2-dependent STAT4 phosphorylation following IL-12 treatment. However, inhibition of STAT phosphorylation was ablated following stimulation with JAK1-dependent cytokines IL-2, IFN-α, and IL-21. Wild-type SOCS3 inhibited CD8 T cell expansion in vivo and induced a memory precursor phenotype. In vivo T cell expansion was restored by expression of the mutant SOCS3, and this also reverted the phenotype toward effector T cell differentiation. These data show that SOCS proteins can be engineered to fine-tune their specificity, and this can exert important changes to T cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03755
| | - John E Holland
- Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Kristine B Valenteros
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03755
| | - Yanbo Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03755
| | - Young-Kwang Usherwood
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03755
| | - Andreia F Verissimo
- Institute for Molecular Targeting, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755; and
| | - Jason S McLellan
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Gevorg Grigoryan
- Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Edward J Usherwood
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03755;
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Cepika AM, Sato Y, Liu JMH, Uyeda MJ, Bacchetta R, Roncarolo MG. Tregopathies: Monogenic diseases resulting in regulatory T-cell deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 142:1679-1695. [PMID: 30527062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Monogenic diseases of the immune system, also known as inborn errors of immunity, are caused by single-gene mutations resulting in immune deficiency and dysregulation. More than 350 diseases have been described to date, and the number is rapidly expanding, with increasing availability of next-generation sequencing facilitating the diagnosis. The spectrum of immune dysregulation is wide, encompassing deficiencies in humoral, cellular, innate, and adaptive immunity; phagocytosis; and the complement system, which lead to autoinflammation and autoimmunity. Multiorgan autoimmunity is a dominant symptom when genetic mutations lead to defects in molecules essential for the development, survival, and/or function of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Studies of "Tregopathies" are providing critical mechanistic information on Treg cell biology, the role of Treg cell-associated molecules, and regulation of peripheral tolerance in human subjects. The pathogenic immune networks underlying these diseases need to be dissected to apply and develop immunomodulatory treatments and design curative treatments using cell and gene therapy. Here we review the pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and current and future treatments of major known Tregopathies caused by mutations in FOXP3, CD25, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), LPS-responsive and beige-like anchor protein (LRBA), and BTB domain and CNC homolog 2 (BACH2) and gain-of-function mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). We also discuss deficiencies in genes encoding STAT5b and IL-10 or IL-10 receptor as potential Tregopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma-Martina Cepika
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Yohei Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Jeffrey Mao-Hwa Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Molly Javier Uyeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Rosa Bacchetta
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.
| | - Maria Grazia Roncarolo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.
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6
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Waterborg CEJ, Beermann S, Broeren MGA, Bennink MB, Koenders MI, van Lent PLEM, van den Berg WB, van der Kraan PM, van de Loo FAJ. Protective Role of the MER Tyrosine Kinase via Efferocytosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Models. Front Immunol 2018; 9:742. [PMID: 29706963 PMCID: PMC5908888 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and progressive joint disease. It appears that anti-inflammatory feedback mechanisms that could restrain joint inflammation and restore homeostasis are insufficient to perform this control. In this study, we investigated the contribution of the MER tyrosine kinase-mediated anti-inflammatory response on arthritis and whether targeting MER could be a valid approach to treat RA. Methods KRN serum transfer arthritis (KRN STA) was induced in either Mertk-deficient mice or in mice that adenovirally overexpressed Pros1. Human synovial micromasses were treated with MER-specific antibodies or PROS1. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were treated with MER-specific agonistic antibodies or by viral overexpression of Pros1. Results Mertk−/− mice showed exacerbated arthritis pathology, whereas Pros1 overexpression diminished joint pathology in KRN STA. Human synovial micromasses challenged with MER-specific antibodies enhanced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, whereas stimulating MER with PROS1 reduced the secretion of these cytokines, confirming the protective role of MER. Next, we treated CIA mice with MER-specific agonistic antibodies, and this unexpectedly resulted in exacerbated arthritis pathology. This was associated with increased numbers of apoptotic cells in their knee joints and higher serum levels of interleukin (IL)-16C, a cytokine released by secondary necrotic neutrophils. Apoptotic cell numbers and IL-16C levels were enhanced during arthritis in Mertk−/− mice and reduced in Pros1-overexpressing mice. Conclusion MER plays a protective role during joint inflammation and activating MER by its ligand PROS1 ameliorates disease. Treatment of mice with MER receptor agonistic antibodies is deleterious due to its counterproductive effect of blocking efferocytosis in the arthritic joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E J Waterborg
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Silke Beermann
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mathijs G A Broeren
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Miranda B Bennink
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marije I Koenders
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter L E M van Lent
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Wim B van den Berg
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter M van der Kraan
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Fons A J van de Loo
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Wang X, Si X, Sun J, Yue L, Wang J, Yu Z. miR-522 Modulated the Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Matrix Metalloproteinases Partly via Targeting Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:405-415. [PMID: 29394098 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.4008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Rheumatology, The Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xuwei Si
- Department of Endocrine and Rheumatology, The Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jiaying Sun
- Department of Endocrine and Rheumatology, The Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lixia Yue
- Department of Endocrine and Rheumatology, The Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Rheumatology, The Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhongming Yu
- Department of Endocrine and Rheumatology, The Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
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Kuwabara T, Matsui Y, Ishikawa F, Kondo M. Regulation of T-Cell Signaling by Post-Translational Modifications in Autoimmune Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29534522 PMCID: PMC5877680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptive immune system involves antigen-specific host defense mechanisms mediated by T and B cells. In particular, CD4+ T cells play a central role in the elimination of pathogens. Immunological tolerance in the thymus regulates T lymphocytes to avoid self-components, including induction of cell death in immature T cells expressing the self-reactive T-cell receptor repertoire. In the periphery, mature T cells are also regulated by tolerance, e.g., via induction of anergy or regulatory T cells. Thus, T cells strictly control intrinsic signal transduction to prevent excessive responses or self-reactions. If the inhibitory effects of T cells on these mechanisms are disrupted, T cells may incorrectly attack self-components, which can lead to autoimmune disease. The functions of T cells are supported by post-translational modifications, particularly phosphorylation, of signaling molecules, the proper regulation of which is controlled by endogenous mechanisms within the T cells themselves. In recent years, molecular targeted agents against kinases have been developed for treatment of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss T-cell signal transduction in autoimmune disease and provide an overview of acetylation-mediated regulation of T-cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kuwabara
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan.
| | - Yukihide Matsui
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan.
| | - Fumio Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan.
| | - Motonari Kondo
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan.
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Mahony R, Ahmed S, Diskin C, Stevenson NJ. SOCS3 revisited: a broad regulator of disease, now ready for therapeutic use? Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3323-36. [PMID: 27137184 PMCID: PMC11108554 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since their discovery, SOCS have been characterised as regulatory cornerstones of intracellular signalling. While classically controlling the JAK/STAT pathway, their inhibitory effects are documented across several cascades, underpinning their essential role in homeostatic maintenance and disease. After 20 years of extensive research, SOCS3 has emerged as arguably the most important family member, through its regulation of both cytokine- and pathogen-induced cascades. In fact, low expression of SOCS3 is associated with autoimmunity and oncogenesis, while high expression is linked to diabetes and pathogenic immune evasion. The induction of SOCS3 by both viruses and bacteria and its impact upon inflammatory disorders, underscores this protein's increasing clinical potential. Therefore, with the aim of highlighting SOCS3 as a therapeutic target for future development, this review revisits its multi-faceted immune regulatory functions and summarises its role in a broad ranges of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mahony
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Ahmed
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Diskin
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N J Stevenson
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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10
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Nepomnyashchikh TS, Antonets DV, Shchelkunov SN. Gene therapy of arthritis. RUSS J GENET+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795416050094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Zhang Y, Li X, Ciric B, Ma CG, Gran B, Rostami A, Zhang GX. Therapeutic effect of baicalin on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is mediated by SOCS3 regulatory pathway. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17407. [PMID: 26616302 PMCID: PMC4663791 DOI: 10.1038/srep17407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds derived from medicinal plants have long been considered a rich source of novel therapeutic agents. Baicalin (Ba) is a bioactive flavonoid compound derived from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis, an herb widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigate the effects and mechanism of action of Ba in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Ba treatment effectively ameliorated clinical disease severity in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35–55 peptide-induced EAE, and reduced inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). Ba reduced infiltration of immune cells into the CNS, inhibited expression of proinflammatory molecules and chemokines, and prevented Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation via STAT/NFκB signaling pathways. Further, we showed that SOCS3 induction is essential to the effects of Ba, given that the inhibitory effect of Ba on pathogenic Th17 responses was largely abolished when SOCS3 signaling was knocked down. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Ba has significant potential as a novel anti-inflammatory agent for therapy of autoimmune diseases such as MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Northwest China National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Northwest China National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bogoljub Ciric
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cun-Gen Ma
- Institute of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Shanxi Datong University Medical School, Datong, China
| | - Bruno Gran
- Clinical Neurology Research Group, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, UK
| | | | - Guang-Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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12
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Recio C, Oguiza A, Mallavia B, Lazaro I, Ortiz-Muñoz G, Lopez-Franco O, Egido J, Gomez-Guerrero C. Gene delivery of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) inhibits inflammation and atherosclerosis development in mice. Basic Res Cardiol 2015; 110:8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-014-0458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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13
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Lutsenko ED, Bondarovich NA, Gol'tsev AN. Content of IL-10 and CD4+CD210+ cells in mice with adjuvant arthritis before and after treatment with cryopreserved placental cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2014; 157:673-6. [PMID: 25257438 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-014-2641-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the serum level of IL-10, blood content of CD4+СD210+ cells, and expression of IL-10 receptors in adjuvant arthritis before and after treatment with native and cryopreserved placental cells. In animals with experimental adjuvant arthritis, a negative correlation was found between the index of arthritis and IL-10 concentration (r=-0.7; p=0.03); in addition, a considerable decrease in the content of CD4+СD210+ cells and changes in the expression of IL-10 receptors on cells of the lymph nodes and spleen were demonstrated. After administration of cryopreserved DMSO-protected placental cells (in contrast to administration of cryopreserved propanedioxysacharol-protected cell suspension), the content of CD4+СD210+ cells in the spleen of animals with experimental adjuvant arthritis returned to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Lutsenko
- Institute of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine Problems, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Khar'kov, Ukraine,
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14
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Vartoukian SR, Tilakaratne WM, Seoudi N, Bombardieri M, Bergmeier L, Tappuni AR, Fortune F. Dysregulation of the suppressor of cytokine signalling 3-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 pathway in the aetiopathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:618-29. [PMID: 24827536 PMCID: PMC4137846 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) negatively regulates the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3)/interleukin (IL)-17 pathway. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 is over-expressed in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and is a key factor in its pathogenesis. We hypothesized that IL-17 over-expression in SS results from ineffective regulation by SOCS3. The expression of SOCS3 was analysed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from SS cases, sicca controls (SC) and healthy controls (HC) and tissue samples from SS, SC and healthy salivary glands (HSG). PBMC and salivary gland tissue from SS and controls were dual-immunostained for SOCS3 and IL-17. IL-6-stimulated PBMC from SS and controls were evaluated for time-dependent STAT-3 activation and SOCS3 induction, and for IL-17 expression. Immunoblotting revealed greater levels of SOCS3 in PBMC from SS than SC (P = 0·017) or HC (P < 0·001). Similarly, the proportion of salivary-gland tissue cells staining for SOCS3 was significantly higher in SS than SC (P = 0·029) or HSG (P = 0·021). The cells in PBMC/salivary gland samples from controls predominantly expressed either SOCS3 or IL-17. However, there was a high frequency of SOCS3/IL-17 co-expression within cells of SS samples. IL-6-stimulation of PBMC from SS cases revealed prolonged activation of STAT-3 with reduced negative regulation by SOCS3, and enhanced expression of IL-17. This study showed that SOCS3 expression is up-regulated in SS. However, the absence in SS of the normal inverse relationship between SOCS3 and pSTAT-3/IL-17 indicates a functional disturbance in this signalling cascade. Consequently, a reduction in function, rather than a reduction in expression of SOCS3 accounts for the unregulated expression of IL-17 in SS, and may play a crucial role in aetiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Vartoukian
- Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, UK
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15
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Carow B, Rottenberg ME. SOCS3, a Major Regulator of Infection and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2014; 5:58. [PMID: 24600449 PMCID: PMC3928676 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we describe the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) in modulating the outcome of infections and autoimmune diseases as well as the underlying mechanisms. SOCS3 regulates cytokine or hormone signaling usually preventing, but in some cases aggravating, a variety of diseases. A main role of SOCS3 results from its binding to both the JAK kinase and the cytokine receptor, which results in the inhibition of STAT3 activation. Available data also indicate that SOCS3 can regulate signaling via other STATs than STAT3 and also controls cellular pathways unrelated to STAT activation. SOCS3 might either act directly by hampering JAK activation or by mediating the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation of the cytokine/growth factor/hormone receptor. Inflammation and infection stimulate SOCS3 expression in different myeloid and lymphoid cell populations as well as in diverse non-hematopoietic cells. The accumulated data suggest a relevant program coordinated by SOCS3 in different cell populations, devoted to the control of immune homeostasis in physiological and pathological conditions such as infection and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Carow
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Martin E Rottenberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
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16
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van den Brand BT, Abdollahi-Roodsaz S, Vermeij EA, Bennink MB, Arntz OJ, Rothlin CV, van den Berg WB, van de Loo FAJ. Therapeutic efficacy of Tyro3, Axl, and Mer tyrosine kinase agonists in collagen-induced arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [PMID: 23203851 DOI: 10.1002/art.37786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperactivation of innate immunity by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can contribute to the development of autoinflammatory or autoimmune diseases. This study evaluated the activation of Tyro3, Axl, Mer (TAM) receptors, physiologic negative regulators of TLRs, by their agonists, growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS-6) and protein S, in the prevention of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). METHODS Adenoviruses overexpressing GAS-6 and protein S were injected intravenously or intraarticularly into mice during CIA. Splenic T helper cell subsets from intravenously injected mice were studied by flow cytometry, and the knee joints of mice injected intravenously and intraarticularly were assessed histologically. Synovium from mice injected intraarticularly was evaluated for cytokine and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) expression. RESULTS Protein S significantly reduced ankle joint swelling when overexpressed systemically. Further analysis of knee joints revealed a moderate reduction in pathologic changes in the joint and a significant reduction in the number of splenic Th1 cells when protein S was overexpressed systemically. Local overexpression of GAS-6 decreased joint inflammation and joint pathology. Protein S treatment showed a similar trend of protection. Consistently, GAS-6 and protein S reduced cytokine production in the synovium. Moreover, levels of messenger RNA for interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23 were reduced by GAS-6 and protein S treatment, with a corresponding decrease in the production of interferon-γ and IL-17. TAM ligand overexpression was associated with an increase in SOCS-3 levels, which likely contributed to the amelioration of arthritis. CONCLUSION This study provides the first evidence that TAM receptor stimulation by GAS-6 and protein S can be used to ameliorate arthritis when applied systemically or locally. TAM receptor stimulation limits proinflammatory signaling and adaptive immunity. This pathway provides a novel strategy by which to combat rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B T van den Brand
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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17
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Yan C, Ward PA, Wang X, Gao H. Myeloid depletion of SOCS3 enhances LPS-induced acute lung injury through CCAAT/enhancer binding protein δ pathway. FASEB J 2013; 27:2967-76. [PMID: 23585399 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-225797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although uncontrolled inflammatory response plays a central role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI), the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the development of this disorder remain poorly understood. SOCS3 is an important negative regulator of IL-6-type cytokine signaling. SOCS3 is induced in lung during LPS-induced lung injury, suggesting that generation of SOCS3 may represent a regulatory product during ALI. In the current study, we created mice lacking SOCS3 expression in macrophages and neutrophils (LysM-cre SOCS3(fl/fl)). We evaluated the lung inflammatory response to LPS in both LysM-cre SOCS3(fl/fl) mice and the wild-type (WT) mice (SOCS3(fl/fl)). LysM-cre SOCS3(fl/fl) mice displayed significant increase of the lung permeability index (lung vascular leak of albumin), neutrophils, lung neutrophil accumulation (myeloperoxidase activity), and proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines in bronchial alveolar lavage fluids compared to WT mice. These phenotypes were consistent with morphological evaluation of lung, which showed enhanced inflammatory cell influx and intra-alveolar hemorrhage. We further identify the transcription factor, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) δ as a critical downstream target of SOCS3 in LPS-induced ALI. These results indicate that SOCS3 has a protective role in LPS-induced ALI by suppressing C/EBPδ activity in the lung. Elucidating the function of SOCS3 would represent prospective targets for a new generation of drugs needed to treat ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Yan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 20 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
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18
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Gao A, Kantarci A, Herrera BS, Gao H, Van Dyke TE. A critical role for suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 in regulating LPS-induced transcriptional activation of matrix metalloproteinase-13 in osteoblasts. PeerJ 2013; 1:e51. [PMID: 23638389 PMCID: PMC3628613 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) is a key regulator of cytokine signaling in macrophages and T cells. Although SOCS3 seems to contribute to the balance between the pro-inflammatory actions of IL-6 family of cytokines and anti-inflammatory signaling of IL-10 by negatively regulating gp130/Jak/Stat3 signal transduction, how and the molecular mechanisms whereby SOCS3 controls the downstream impact of TLR4 are largely unknown and current data are controversial. Furthermore, very little is known regarding SOCS3 function in cells other than myeloid cells and T cells. Our previous study demonstrates that SOCS3 is expressed in osteoblasts and functions as a critical inhibitor of LPS-induced IL-6 expression. However, the function of SOCS3 in osteoblasts remains largely unknown. In the current study, we report for the first time that LPS stimulation of osteoblasts induces the transcriptional activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, a central regulator of bone resorption. Importantly, we demonstrate that SOCS3 overexpression leads to a significant decrease of LPS-induced MMP-13 expression in both primary murine calvariae osteoblasts and a mouse osteoblast-like cell line, MC3T3-E1. Our findings implicate SOCS3 as an important regulatory mediator in bone inflammatory diseases by targeting MMP-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Gao
- Department of Periodontology, The Forsyth Institute , Cambridge , MA , United States
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19
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van den Brand BT, Vermeij EA, Waterborg CEJ, Arntz OJ, Kracht M, Bennink MB, van den Berg WB, van de Loo FAJ. Intravenous delivery of HIV-based lentiviral vectors preferentially transduces F4/80+ and Ly-6C+ cells in spleen, important target cells in autoimmune arthritis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55356. [PMID: 23390530 PMCID: PMC3563527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen presenting cells (APCs) play an important role in arthritis and APC specific gene therapeutic targeting will enable intracellular modulation of cell activity. Viral mediated overexpression is a potent approach to achieve adequate transgene expression levels and lentivirus (LV) is useful for sustained expression in target cells. Therefore, we studied the feasibility of lentiviral mediated targeting of APCs in experimental arthritis. Third generation VSV-G pseudotyped self-inactivating (SIN)-LV were injected intravenously and spleen cells were analyzed with flow cytometry for green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene expression and cell surface markers. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was induced by immunization with bovine collagen type II in complete Freund's adjuvant. Effect on inflammation was monitored macroscopically and T-cell subsets in spleen were analyzed by flow cytometry. Synovium from arthritic knee joints were analyzed for proinflammatory cytokine expression. Lentiviruses injected via the tail vein preferentially infected the spleen and transduction peaks at day 10. A dose escalating study showed that 8% of all spleen cells were targeted and further analysis showed that predominantly Ly6C+ and F4/80+ cells in spleen were targeted by the LV. To study the feasibility of blocking TAK1-dependent pathways by this approach, a catalytically inactive mutant of TAK1 (TAK1-K63W) was overexpressed during CIA. LV-TAK1-K63W significantly reduced incidence and arthritis severity macroscopically. Further histological analysis showed a significant decrease in bone erosion in LV-TAK1-K63W treated animals. Moreover, systemic Th17 levels were decreased by LV-TAK1-K63W treatment in addition to diminished IL-6 and KC production in inflamed synovium. In conclusion, systemically delivered LV efficiently targets monocytes and macrophages in spleen that are involved in autoimmune arthritis. Moreover, this study confirms efficacy of TAK1 targeting in arthritis. This approach may provide a valuable tool in targeting splenic APCs, to unravel their role in autoimmune arthritis and to identify and validate APC specific therapeutic targets.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation/immunology
- Antigens, Ly/genetics
- Antigens, Ly/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Arthritis, Experimental/genetics
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Autoimmunity
- Collagen Type II
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Cytokines/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/pathology
- Gene Expression
- Genetic Vectors
- Green Fluorescent Proteins
- HIV/genetics
- Injections, Intravenous
- MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/genetics
- MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/pathology
- Synovial Fluid/chemistry
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- Transduction, Genetic
- Transgenes
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben T. van den Brand
- Rheumatology Research and Advanced Therapeutics, Department of Rheumatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eline A. Vermeij
- Rheumatology Research and Advanced Therapeutics, Department of Rheumatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Claire E. J. Waterborg
- Rheumatology Research and Advanced Therapeutics, Department of Rheumatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Onno J. Arntz
- Rheumatology Research and Advanced Therapeutics, Department of Rheumatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Kracht
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Miranda B. Bennink
- Rheumatology Research and Advanced Therapeutics, Department of Rheumatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim B. van den Berg
- Rheumatology Research and Advanced Therapeutics, Department of Rheumatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fons A. J. van de Loo
- Rheumatology Research and Advanced Therapeutics, Department of Rheumatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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20
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van de Loo FAJ, Veenbergen S, van den Brand B, Bennink MB, Blaney-Davidson E, Arntz OJ, van Beuningen HM, van der Kraan PM, van den Berg WB. Enhanced suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 in arthritic cartilage dysregulates human chondrocyte function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 64:3313-23. [PMID: 22576756 DOI: 10.1002/art.34529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS-3) in human articular chondrocytes and its functional consequences. METHODS Chondrocytes were isolated from the cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis (OA), patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and trauma patients and from the healthy cartilage of patients with a femoral neck fracture. The human chondrocyte cell line G6 and primary bovine chondrocytes were used in validation experiments. SOCS-3 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and SOCS-3 protein levels were determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis. To ascertain the role of SOCS-3 in the chondrocyte response to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the expression of SOCS3 was either reduced by small interfering RNA or enhanced by viral transduction. RESULTS The expression of SOCS-3 mRNA (but not that of SOCS-1 mRNA) was significantly enhanced in chondrocytes obtained from OA cartilage (mean ± SD ΔC(t) 3.4 ± 1.0) and RA cartilage (ΔC(t) 3.4 ± 1.4) compared with cartilage obtained from patients with femoral neck fracture (ΔC(t) 5.3 ± 1.2). The expression of SOCS3 correlated significantly with that of other genes known to be expressed in arthritic chondrocytes, such as MMP13 (r = 0.743), ADAMTS4 (r = 0.779), and ADAMTS5 (r = 0.647), and an inverse relationship was observed with COL2A1 (r = -0.561). Up-regulation of SOCS-3 by IL-1 in G6 chondrocytes and its spontaneous expression in OA chondrocytes were reduced by mithramycin, a specific inhibitor of transcription factor Sp-1. Overexpression of SOCS-3 in bovine chondrocytes reduced IL-1- and LPS-induced nitric oxide production and insulin-like growth factor 1-induced proteoglycan synthesis. Interestingly, a similar impairment of function was observed in OA chondrocytes, which was partially restored by SOCS-3 gene knockdown. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that both SOCS-3 mRNA and SOCS-3 protein are expressed in human arthritic chondrocytes and affect cellular responses involved in cartilage pathology.
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Orabona C, Pallotta MT, Grohmann U. Different partners, opposite outcomes: a new perspective of the immunobiology of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Mol Med 2012; 18:834-42. [PMID: 22481272 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2012.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a metabolic enzyme that catalyzes tryptophan conversion into kynurenines, is a crucial regulator of immunity. Altered IDO activity is often associated with pathology, including neoplasia and autoimmunity. IDO is highly expressed in dendritic cells (DCs) that exploit the enzyme's activity and the production of tryptophan catabolites to regulate immune responses by acting on several cell types, including T lymphocytes, of which they promote a regulatory phenotype. IDO also contains immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) that, once bound by distinct molecular partners, will either promote degradation or initiate signaling activity and self-maintenance of the enzyme. We here discuss how ITIM-dependent molecular events can affect the functional plasticity of IDO by modifying the protein half-life and its enzymic and nonenzymic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciriana Orabona
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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22
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Okamoto Y, Tanaka M, Fukui T, Masuzawa T. Brazilian propolis inhibits the differentiation of Th17 cells by inhibition of interleukin-6-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2012; 34:803-9. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2012.657304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Effector T cells in rheumatoid arthritis: Lessons from animal models. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:3649-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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24
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Arntz OJ, Geurts J, Veenbergen S, Bennink MB, van den Brand BT, Abdollahi-Roodsaz S, van den Berg WB, van de Loo FA. A crucial role for tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in synovial lining cells and the reticuloendothelial system in mediating experimental arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2010; 12:R61. [PMID: 20370892 PMCID: PMC2888212 DOI: 10.1186/ar2974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that mainly affects synovial joints. Biologics directed against tumor-necrosis-factor (TNF)-alpha are efficacious in the treatment of RA. However, the role of TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1) in mediating the TNFalpha effects in RA has not been elucidated and conflicting data exist in experimental arthritis models. The objective is to investigate the role of TNFR1 in the synovial lining cells (SLC) and the reticuloendothelial system (RES) during experimental arthritis. METHODS Third generation of adenovirus serotype 5 were either injected locally in the knee joint cavity or systemically by intravenous injection into the retro-orbital venous sinus to specifically target SLC and RES, respectively. Transduction of organs was detected by immunohistochemistry of the eGFP transgene. An adenoviral vector containing a short hairpin (sh) RNA directed against TNFR1 (HpTNFR1) was constructed and functionally evaluated in vitro using a nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) reporter assay and in vivo in streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis (SCW) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Adenoviruses were administered before onset of CIA, and the effect of TNFR1 targeting on the clinical development of arthritis, histology, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), cytokine analyses and T-cell assays was evaluated. RESULTS Systemic delivery of Ad5.CMV-eGFP predominantly transduced the RES in liver and spleen. Local delivery transduced the synovium and not the RES in liver, spleen and draining lymph nodes. In vitro, HpTNFR1 reduced the TNFR1 mRNA expression by three-fold resulting in a 70% reduction of TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB activation. Local treatment with HpTNFR1 markedly reduced mRNA and protein levels of interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 in SLC during SCW arthritis and ameliorated CIA. Systemic targeting of TNFR1 in RES of liver and spleen by systemic delivery of Ad5 virus encoding for a small hairpin RNA against TNFR1 markedly ameliorated CIA and simultaneously reduced the mRNA expression of IL-1beta, IL-6 and Saa1 (75%), in the liver and that of Th1/2/17-specific transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3 and RORgammaT in the spleen. Flow cytometry confirmed that HpTNFR1 reduced the numbers of interferon (IFN)gamma (Th1)-, IL-4 (Th2)- and IL-17 (Th17)-producing cells in spleen. CONCLUSIONS TNFR1-mediated signaling in both synovial lining cells and the reticuloendothelial system independently played a major pro-inflammatory and immunoregulatory role in the development of experimental arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onno J Arntz
- Rheumatology Research and Advanced Therapeutics, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Ortiz-Muñoz G, Lopez-Parra V, Lopez-Franco O, Fernandez-Vizarra P, Mallavia B, Flores C, Sanz A, Blanco J, Mezzano S, Ortiz A, Egido J, Gomez-Guerrero C. Suppressors of cytokine signaling abrogate diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 21:763-72. [PMID: 20185635 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2009060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) is an important mechanism by which hyperglycemia contributes to renal damage, suggesting that modulation of this pathway may prevent renal and vascular complications of diabetes. Here, we investigated the involvement of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) as intracellular negative regulators of JAK/STAT activation in diabetic nephropathy. In a rat model, inducing diabetes resulted in JAK/STAT activation and increased expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3. In humans, we observed increased expression of glomerular and tubulointerstitial SOCS proteins in biopsies of patients with diabetic nephropathy. In vitro, high concentrations of glucose activated JAK/STAT/SOCS in human mesangial and tubular cells. Overexpression of SOCS reversed the glucose-induced activation of the JAK/STAT pathway, expression of STAT-dependent genes (chemokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix proteins), and cell proliferation. In vivo, intrarenal delivery of adenovirus expressing SOCS1 and SOCS3 to diabetic rats significantly improved renal function and reduced renal lesions associated with diabetes, such as mesangial expansion, fibrosis, and influx of macrophages. SOCS gene delivery also decreased the activation of STAT1 and STAT3 and the expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic proteins in the diabetic kidney. In summary, these results provide direct evidence for a link between the JAK/STAT/SOCS axis and hyperglycemia-induced cell responses in the kidney. Suppression of the JAK/STAT pathway by increasing intracellular SOCS proteins may have therapeutic potential in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Ortiz-Muñoz
- Renal and Vascular Research Laboratory, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
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Transcriptional regulation of cytokines and oxidative stress by gallic acid in human THP-1 monocytes. Cytokine 2009; 49:229-34. [PMID: 20015662 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Increased inflammation/prooxidation has been linked not only to Type 2 diabetes but also in prediabetes state. In this study we investigated hyperglycemia-mediated proinflammatory/prooxidant effects in THP-1 monocytes and tested whether gallic acid could attenuate changes in gene expression induced by high-glucose. Cells were treated either with 5.5mM glucose or 25mM glucose in the absence and presence of gallic acid. While oxidative DNA damage was assessed by COMET assay, GSH and GSSG levels were estimated fluorimetrically. Gene expression patterns were determined by RT-PCR. Cells treated with high-glucose showed increased DNA damage and glutathione depletion and this was attenuated in the presence of gallic acid. High-glucose treated cells exhibited increased mRNA expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, NADPH oxidase and TXNIP and gallic acid attenuated these proinflammatory and prooxidant effects. Cells treated with high-glucose revealed a deficiency in mounting SOCS-3 expression and gallic acid upregulates this feedback regulatory signal. Gallic acid attenuates DNA damage, maintains glutathione turnover, and suppresses hyperglycemia-induced activation of proinflammatory and prooxidant gene expression. Gallic acid beneficially modulate transcription of functionally diverse groups of genes and its regulation of SOCS-3 and TXNIP signals is a newly identified mechanism that has therapeutic implications.
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Abstract
Recent work has implicated a novel Th effector cell subset, the Th17 cell subset, in the development of both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) because of the ability of Th17 cells to produce cytokines like IL-17 and IL-21 that can drive both inflammatory and humoral responses. In this review, we will discuss recent studies that have begun elucidating the factors that regulate the development of Th17 cells and provide a brief overview of the role of Th17 cells in RA and SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Pernis
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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