1
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Han B, Liu F, Hu S, Chen X, Lin C, Lee IS, Chen C. An antibacterial membrane based on Janus bacterial cellulose with nano-sized copper oxide through polydopamine conjugation for infectious wound healing. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 332:121923. [PMID: 38431418 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) produced by Acetobacter xylinum has great advantages in wound dressing. However, the structural limitation under static culture, and lack of antibacterial properties restrict its application, especially for infectious wound healing. The present study reported an original wound dressing, which was composed of a Janus BC membrane with antibacterial nano-sized copper oxide (CuO) through polydopamine (PDA) conjugation to promote wound healing under infectious condition. The finished product (CuO/PDA/BC membrane) exhibited favorable air permeability, high hydrophilicity and good mechanical properties, as well as strong antibacterial effects by the sustained release of CuO and photothermal effect of CuO/PDA. Furthermore, CuO/PDA/BC membrane inhibited inflammatory response and promoted wound healing in an infectious wound model in vivo. These results suggested that our CuO/PDA/BC membrane had great potential as wound dressing for infectious wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, PR China
| | - Shuhang Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Chenming Lin
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - In-Seop Lee
- Institute of Human Materials, Suwon 16514, Republic of Korea
| | - Cen Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China; Zhejiang provincial key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
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2
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Villalva DG, Otoni CG, Loh W. Cubosome-carrying bacterial cellulose membrane as a versatile drug delivery platform. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:101000. [PMID: 38390343 PMCID: PMC10882115 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Using advanced nanotechnology membranes has opened up new possibilities in the field of biomedicine, particularly for controlled drug delivery and especially for topical use. Bacterial cellulose membranes (BCM), particularly, have gained prominence owing to their distinctive attributes, including remarkable water retention, safety, biodegradability, and tunable gas exchange. However, they are aqueous matrices and, for this reason, of limited capacity for incorporation of apolar compounds. Cubosomes are lipid nanoparticles composed of a surfactant bicontinuous reverse cubic phase, which, owing to their bicontinuous structure, can incorporate both polar and apolar compounds. Therefore, these particles present a promising avenue for encapsulating and releasing drugs and biomolecules due to their superior entrapment efficiency. In this study, we aim to extend earlier investigations using polymeric hydrogels for cubosome immobilization, now using BCMs, a more resilient biocompatible matrix. Phytantriol cubosome-loaded BCMs were prepared by three distinct protocols: ex situ incorporation into wet BCMs, ex situ incorporation by swelling of dry BCMs, and an in situ process with the growth of BCMs in a sterile medium already containing cubosomes. Our investigation revealed that these methodologies ensured that cubosomes remained integral, uniformly distributed, and thoroughly dispersed within the membrane, as confirmed using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and high-resolution confocal microscopy. The effective incorporation and sustained release of diclofenac were validated across the different BCMs and compared with hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel in our previous studies. Furthermore, the resistance against cubosome leaching from the three BCM and HA hydrogel samples was quantitatively evaluated and contrasted. We hope that the outcomes from this research will pave the way for innovative use of this platform in the incorporation and controlled release of varied active agents, amplifying the already multifaceted applicability of BCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caio Gomide Otoni
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM) & Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Watson Loh
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-852, Brazil
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3
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Seifi M, Motamed S, Rouientan A, Bohlouli M. The Promise of Regenerative Medicine in the Reconstruction of Auricular Cartilage Deformities. ASAIO J 2023; 69:967-976. [PMID: 37578994 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000002016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many physiologic and psychologic challenges associated with ear cartilage deformities which are incredibly distasteful to patients, particularly children. The development of regenerative medicine (RM) sciences has opened up a new window for the reconstruction of auricular cartilage because it allows the creation of a structure similar to the auricular in appearance and function. As part of this review, we discuss the role that each RM tool, including tissue engineering, cells, and biomolecules, plays in developing engineered auricular tissue. In previous studies, it was shown that the simultaneous use of natural and synthetic biomaterials as well as three-dimensional printing techniques could improve the biological and mechanical properties of this tissue. Another critical issue is using stem cells and differentiated cartilage cells to produce tissue-specific cellular structures and extracellular matrix. Also, the importance of choosing a suitable animal model in terms of handling and care facilities, physiologic similarities to humans, and breed uniformity in the preclinical assessments have been highlighted. Then, the clinical trials registered on the clinicaltrials.gov website, and the commercialized product, called AuriNovo, have been comprehensively explained. Overall, it is important to provide engineered auricular cartilage structures with acceptable safety and efficacy compared with standard methods, autologous cartilage transplantation, and prosthetic reconstruction in RM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Seifi
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine Panzdahe Khordad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadrollah Motamed
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine Panzdahe Khordad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Rouientan
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine Panzdahe Khordad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Bohlouli
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Liu D, Meng Q, Hu J. Bacterial Nanocellulose Hydrogel: A Promising Alternative Material for the Fabrication of Engineered Vascular Grafts. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3812. [PMID: 37765666 PMCID: PMC10534661 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are crucial in the human body, providing essential nutrients to all tissues while facilitating waste removal. As the incidence of cardiovascular disease rises, the demand for efficient treatments increases concurrently. Currently, the predominant interventions for cardiovascular disease are autografts and allografts. Although effective, they present limitations including high costs and inconsistent success rates. Recently, synthetic vascular grafts, made from artificial materials, have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional methods. Among these materials, bacterial cellulose hydrogel exhibits significant potential for tissue engineering applications, particularly in developing nanoscale platforms that regulate cell behavior and promote tissue regeneration, attributed to its notable physicochemical and biocompatible properties. This study reviews recent progress in fabricating engineered vascular grafts using bacterial nanocellulose, demonstrating the efficacy of bacterial cellulose hydrogel as a biomaterial for synthetic vascular grafts, specifically for stimulating angiogenesis and neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (D.L.); (Q.M.)
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5
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Brugnoli M, La China S, Lasagni F, Romeo FV, Pulvirenti A, Gullo M. Acetic acid bacteria in agro-wastes: from cheese whey and olive mill wastewater to cellulose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3729-3744. [PMID: 37115254 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, cheese whey and olive mill wastewater were investigated as potential feedstocks for producing bacterial cellulose by using acetic acid bacteria strains. Organic acids and phenolic compounds composition were assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used to investigate modifications in bacterial cellulose chemical and morphological structure. Cheese whey was the most efficient feedstock in terms of bacterial cellulose yield (0.300 g of bacterial cellulose/gram of carbon source consumed). Bacterial cellulose produced in olive mill wastewater presented a more well-defined network compared to pellicles produced in cheese whey, resulting in a smaller fiber diameter in most cases. The analysis of bacterial cellulose chemical structure highlighted the presence of different chemical bonds likely to be caused by the adsorption of olive mill wastewater and cheese whey components. The crystallinity ranged from 45.72 to 80.82%. The acetic acid bacteria strains used in this study were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, allowing to assign them to Komagataeibacter xylinus and Komagataeibacter rhaeticus species. This study proves the suitability to perform sustainable bioprocesses for producing bacterial cellulose, combining the valorisation of agro-wastes with microbial conversions carried out by acetic acid bacteria. The high versatility in terms of yield, morphology, and fiber diameters obtained in cheese whey and olive mill wastewater contribute to set up fundamental criteria for developing customized bioprocesses depending on the final use of the bacterial cellulose. KEY POINTS: • Cheese whey and olive mill wastewater can be used for bacterial cellulose production. • Bacterial cellulose structure is dependent on the culture medium. • Komagataeibacter strains support the agro-waste conversion in bacterial cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Brugnoli
- Unimore Microbial Culture Collection Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Salvatore La China
- Unimore Microbial Culture Collection Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federico Lasagni
- Unimore Microbial Culture Collection Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Flora Valeria Romeo
- Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops (CREA), Acireale, 95024, Italy
| | - Andrea Pulvirenti
- Unimore Microbial Culture Collection Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maria Gullo
- Unimore Microbial Culture Collection Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy.
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6
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Samyn P, Meftahi A, Geravand SA, Heravi MEM, Najarzadeh H, Sabery MSK, Barhoum A. Opportunities for bacterial nanocellulose in biomedical applications: Review on biosynthesis, modification and challenges. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123316. [PMID: 36682647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a natural polysaccharide produced as extracellular material by bacterial strains and has favorable intrinsic properties for primary use in biomedical applications. In this review, an update on state-of-the art and challenges in BNC production, surface modification and biomedical application is given. Recent insights in biosynthesis allowed for better understanding of governing parameters improving production efficiency. In particular, introduction of different carbon/nitrogen sources from alternative feedstock and industrial upscaling of various production methods is challenging. It is important to have control on the morphology, porosity and forms of BNC depending on biosynthesis conditions, depending on selection of bacterial strains, reactor design, additives and culture conditions. The BNC is intrinsically characterized by high water absorption capacity, good thermal and mechanical stability, biocompatibility and biodegradability to certain extent. However, additional chemical and/or physical surface modifications are required to improve cell compatibility, protein interaction and antimicrobial properties. The novel trends in synthesis include the in-situ culturing of hybrid BNC nanocomposites in combination with organic material, inorganic material or extracellular components. In parallel with toxicity studies, the applications of BNC in wound care, tissue engineering, medical implants, drug delivery systems or carriers for bioactive compounds, and platforms for biosensors are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Samyn
- SIRRIS, Department Innovations in Circular Economy, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Amin Meftahi
- Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Abbasi Geravand
- Department of Technical & Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamideh Najarzadeh
- Department of Textile Engineering, Science And Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ahmed Barhoum
- NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, 11795 Cairo, Egypt; School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, D09 Y074 Dublin, Ireland.
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7
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Hu G, Li G, Chen L, Hong FF. Production of novel elastic bacterial nanocellulose/polyvinyl alcohol conduits via mercerization and phase separation for small-caliber vascular grafts application. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124221. [PMID: 36990400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Size and properties of tubular bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) can be regulated by controllable mercerization with thinner tube walls, better mechanical properties, and improved biocompatibility. Although mercerized BNC (MBNC) conduits have considerable potential as small-caliber vascular grafts (<6 mm), poor suture retention and lack of compliance that cannot match natural blood vessels increase the difficulty of surgery and limit potential clinical application. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a kind of hydrophilic polymer with good biocompatibility and elasticity, which can precipitate in alkaline solutions. In this study, novel elastic mercerized BNC/PVA conduits (MBP) are manufactured combining mercerization of BNC tubes with precipitation and phase separation of PVA with thinner tube wall, improved suture retention, better elasticity, good hemocompatibility and great cytocompatibility. The MBP obtained with 12.5 % PVA is selected for transplantation in a rat abdominal aorta model. For 32 weeks, normal blood flow is observed using Doppler sonographic inspection, which demonstrates long-term patency. Immunofluorescence staining results also indicate the formation of endothelium and smooth muscle layers. The results indicate the introduction of PVA, and its phase separation into mercerization of tubular BNC can endow MBP conduits with better compliance and suture retention, making it a promising candidate for blood vessel replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoquan Hu
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Geli Li
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; National Advanced Functional Fiber Innovation Center, Wu Jiang, Su Zhou, China
| | - Feng F Hong
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; National Advanced Functional Fiber Innovation Center, Wu Jiang, Su Zhou, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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8
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Perużyńska M, Nowak A, Birger R, Ossowicz-Rupniewska P, Konopacki M, Rakoczy R, Kucharski Ł, Wenelska K, Klimowicz A, Droździk M, Kurzawski M. Anticancer properties of bacterial cellulose membrane containing ethanolic extract of Epilobium angustifolium L. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1133345. [PMID: 36890919 PMCID: PMC9986418 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1133345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilobium angustifolium L. is a medicinal plant well known for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties related to its high polyphenols content. In the present study, we evaluated the antiproliferative properties of ethanolic extract of E. angustifolium (EAE) against normal human fibroblasts (HDF) and selected cancer cell lines, including melanoma (A375), breast (MCF7), colon (HT-29), lung (A549) and liver (HepG2). Next, bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes were applied as a matrix for the controlled delivery of the plant extract (BC-EAE) and characterized by thermogravimetry (TG), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. In addition, EAE loading and kinetic release were defined. Finally, the anticancer activity of BC-EAE was evaluated against the HT-29 cell line, which presented the highest sensitivity to the tested plant extract (IC50 = 61.73 ± 6.42 µM). Our study confirmed the biocompatibility of empty BC and the dose and time-dependent cytotoxicity of the released EAE. The plant extract released from BC-2.5%EAE significantly reduced cell viability to 18.16% and 6.15% of the control values and increased number apoptotic/dead cells up to 37.53% and 66.90% after 48 and 72 h of treatment, respectively. In conclusion, our study has shown that BC membranes could be used as a carrier for the delivery of higher doses of anticancer compounds released in a sustained manner in the target tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Perużyńska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Nowak
- Department of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Radosław Birger
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paula Ossowicz-Rupniewska
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Konopacki
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Rafał Rakoczy
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kucharski
- Department of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Wenelska
- Department of Nanomaterials Physicochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Adam Klimowicz
- Department of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Droździk
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kurzawski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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9
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Wang F, Huang Y, He J. Preparation of 3D Printed Polylactic Acid/Bacterial Cellulose Composite Scaffold for Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4756. [PMID: 36365749 PMCID: PMC9657219 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has become a universal biomaterial owing to its intrinsic properties. BC fibers are composed of microfibers with a diameter of 3-4 nm into fiber bundles with a thickness of 40-60 nm, and interweave with each other to form a well-developed ultra-fine network structure. Polylactic acid (PLA) has good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Therefore, PLA has been widely applied in tissue engineering. Addressed herein is a novel type of PLA/BC (PLA/BC) composite scaffold prepared by 3D printing (3D), 3D modeling of the required porous membrane material support established in the computer, and decomposition of the model into 5 layer 20 μM sheets. The range of PLA loadings assessed in this work was 1.0 wt.%, 1.5 wt.%, and 2.0 wt.%, and its physicochemical properties and biological properties were characterized and evaluated. Tensile strength of PLA/BC composite scaffolds increased to 66.49 MPa compared to that of a pure BC film (25.61 MPa). Hydrophilicity was tunable with the amount of added PLA. In this paper, the effects of 3D round hole and stripe surface topology on cell growth behavior were characterized. Schwann cells (SCs) adhered to the surface of the 3D composite membrane successfully, and their proliferation rate on the surface of the regular circular pore and stripe structure was better than that of the smooth surface. Erythrocyte fixation and platelet adhesion experiments showed that the 3D composite scaffold had excellent blood compatibility. Further degradation studies showed that loose structures appeared after 1 week, and structural defects began after 3 weeks. The in vitro degradation results showed that the degradation rate of the BC membrane in simulated body fluid after 6 weeks was 14.38%, while the degradation rate of the PLA/BC composite scaffold was 18.75%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Wu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yudong Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jinmei He
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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10
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Fusco D, Meissner F, Podesser BK, Marsano A, Grapow M, Eckstein F, Winkler B. Small-diameter bacterial cellulose-based vascular grafts for coronary artery bypass grafting in a pig model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:881557. [PMID: 36225961 PMCID: PMC9548626 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.881557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical revascularization is the gold standard in most cases of complex coronary artery disease. For coronary artery bypass grafting, autologous grafts are state-of-the-art due to their long-term patency. A non-negligible amount of patients lack suitable bypass material as a result of concomitant diseases or previous interventions. As a promising alternative, tissue-engineered vascular grafts made of biomaterials such as bacterial cellulose (BC) are gaining more and more attention. However, the production of small-diameter grafts (inner diameter < 6 mm) of application-oriented length (> 5 cm) and their in vivo long-term patency remain challenging. In this study, grafts of 20 cm in length with an inner diameter of 3 mm were generated in a custom-made bioreactor. To potentially improve graft compliance and, therefore in vivo patency, BC was combined with an embedded cobalt–chromium mesh. The grafts were designed for in vivo endothelialization and specific surgical properties and implanted as an aortocoronary bypass in a left anterior descending occluded pig model (n = 8). Coronary angiography showed complete patency postoperatively at 4 weeks. Following 4 weeks in vivo, the grafts were explanted revealing a three-layered wall structure. Grafts were colonized by smooth muscle cells and a luminal layer of endothelial cells with early formation of vasa privata indicating functional remodeling. These encouraging findings in a large animal model reveal the great potential of small-diameter BC grafts for coronary and peripheral bypass grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Fusco
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Meissner
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruno K. Podesser
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Marsano
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Grapow
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Heart Center Hirslanden Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Eckstein
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Winkler
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Vienna Heart Center KFL, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Bernhard Winkler,
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11
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Zefirov VV, Sadykova VS, Ivanenko IP, Kuznetsova OP, Butenko IE, Gromovykh TI, Kiselyova OI. Liquid-crystalline ordering in bacterial cellulose produced by Gluconacetobaсter hansenii on glucose-containing media. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 292:119692. [PMID: 35725180 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This research is dedicated to the studies of the microscale morphology of bacterial cellulose (BC) obtained by means of static cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii GH-1/2008. We found that the microscale morphology depended on the BC production rate that was varied by using different glucose concentrations in the cultivation medium. It was revealed that at higher production rates, BC fibrils were aligned in a liquid-crystalline-like (LC-like) order. The observed helical alignment was always left-handed. The half-periods of the helix varied from 50 μm to 150 μm depending on the cultivation conditions. The mechanical and water absorption properties of the obtained BC pellicles were measured. The former correlated mainly with the density of the samples; the latter were the best for films with layered structure, where the BC had segregated into fleece sheets separated by gaps with low density of fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V Zefirov
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str., 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vera S Sadykova
- G.F. Gauze Institute of New Antibiotics, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., 11, bld. 1, Moscow 119021, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya P Ivanenko
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Olga P Kuznetsova
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina str., 4, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan E Butenko
- G.F. Gauze Institute of New Antibiotics, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., 11, bld. 1, Moscow 119021, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana I Gromovykh
- ChemBioTech Department, Moscow Polytechnic University, Bolshaya Semenovskaya str., 38, Moscow 107023, Russian Federation
| | - Olga I Kiselyova
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
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12
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Perumal AB, Nambiar RB, Moses J, Anandharamakrishnan C. Nanocellulose: Recent trends and applications in the food industry. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Babayekhorasani F, Hosseini M, Spicer PT. Molecular and Colloidal Transport in Bacterial Cellulose Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2404-2414. [PMID: 35544686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose biofilms are complex networks of strong interwoven nanofibers that control transport and protect bacterial colonies in the film. The design of diverse applications of these bacterial cellulose films also relies on understanding and controlling transport through the fiber mesh, and transport simulations of the films are most accurate when guided by experimental characterization of the structures and the resultant diffusion inside. Diffusion through such films is a function of their key microstructural length scales, determining how molecules, as well as particles and microorganisms, permeate them. We use microscopy to study the unique bacterial cellulose film via its pore structure and quantify the mobility dynamics of various sizes of tracer particles and macromolecules. Mobility is hindered within the films, as confinement and local movement strongly depend on the void size relative to diffusing tracers. The biofilms have a naturally periodic structure of alternating dense and porous layers of nanofiber mesh, and we tune the magnitude of the spacing via fermentation conditions. Micron-sized particles can diffuse through the porous layers but cannot penetrate the dense layers. Tracer mobility in the porous layers is isotropic, indicating a largely random pore structure there. Molecular diffusion through the whole film is only slightly reduced by the structural tortuosity. Knowledge of transport variations within bacterial cellulose networks can be used to guide the design of symbiotic cultures in these structures and enhance their use in applications like biomedical implants, wound dressings, lab-grown meat, clothing textiles, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Hosseini
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Patrick T Spicer
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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14
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Wood J, van der Gast C, Rivett D, Verran J, Redfern J. Reproducibility of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Over Sub-Cultured Generations for the Development of Novel Textiles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:876822. [PMID: 35547175 PMCID: PMC9081875 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.876822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The textile industry is in crisis and under pressure to minimize the environmental impact on its practices. Bacterial cellulose (BC), a naturally occurring form of cellulose, displays properties superior to those of its cotton plant counterpart, such as enhanced purity, crystallinity, tensile strength, and water retention and is thus suitable for an array of textile applications. It is synthesized from a variety of microorganisms but is produced in most abundance by Komagataeibacter xylinus. K. xylinus is available as a type strain culture and exists in the microbial consortium commonly known as Kombucha. Whilst existing literature studies have described the effectiveness of both K. xylinus isolates and Kombucha in the production of BC, this study investigated the change in microbial communities across several generations of sub-culturing and the impact of these communities on BC yield. Using Kombucha and the single isolate strain K. xylinus as inocula in Hestrin and Schramm liquid growth media, BC pellicles were propagated. The resulting pellicles and residual liquid media were used to further inoculate fresh liquid media, and this process was repeated over three generations. For each generation, the thickness of the pellicles and their appearance under SEM were recorded. 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted on both pellicles and liquid media samples to assess changes in communities. The results indicated that the genus Komagataeibacter was the most abundant species in all samples. Cultures seeded with Kombucha yielded thicker cellulose pellicles than those seeded with K. xylinus, but all the pellicles had similar nanofibrillar structures, with a mix of liquid and pellicle inocula producing the best yield of BC after three generations of sub-culturing. Therefore, Kombucha starter cultures produce BC pellicles which are more reproducible across generations than those created from pure isolates of K. xylinus and could provide a reproducible sustainable model for generating textile materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Wood
- Manchester Fashion Institute, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher van der Gast
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Damian Rivett
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Verran
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - James Redfern
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: James Redfern,
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15
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Bacterial cellulose-based composites for biomedical and cosmetic applications: Research progress and existing products. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118565. [PMID: 34560976 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising unique material for various biomedical and cosmetic applications due to its morphology, mechanical strength, high purity, high water uptake, non-toxicity, chemical controllability, and biocompatibility. Today, extensive investigation is into the manufacturing of BC-based composites with other components such as nanoparticles, synthetic polymers, natural polymers, carbon materials, and biomolecules, which will allow the development of a wide range of biomedical and cosmetic products. Moreover, the addition of different reinforcement substances into BC and the organized arrangement of BC nano-fibers have proven a promising improvement in their properties for biomedical applications. This review paper highlights the progress in synthesizing BC-based composites and their applications in biomedical fields, such as wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and cancer treatment. It emphasizes high-performance BC-based materials and cosmetic applications. Furthermore, it presents challenges yet to be defeated and future possibilities for BC-based composites for biomedical and cosmetic applications.
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16
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Abstract
This review highlights the current state regarding the preparation and characterization of tubular biocellulose materials as well as their application and application potential with a special focus on abdominal oncologic surgery. Biocellulose is a natural polymer synthesized by acetic acid bacteria from low molecular sugars and alcohols as a mechanically stable nanofiber network at the interface between the aqueous culture medium and air. This hydrogel is characterized by very high purity and biocompatibility, dimensional stability, and good surgical handling. With this property profile, biocellulose proves to be a promising candidate for the development of novel medical soft tissue implants. This requires close R&D cooperation between chemists, material scientists, biotechnologists, and surgeons. In this sense, this review spans from the natural polymer to the design of biocellulose implants and surgical suitability. It is also a concern of this article to show concretely the great need for such implants and the fields of application in oncological abdominal surgery where tubular biocellulose is or could be the focus of research. Furthermore, a critical assessment for the use of biocellulose materials concerning incidence malignancy and surgical interventions, complication rates, and current studies is emphasized. The regeneration of damaged bile ducts by the use of biocellulose implants is a first example.
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17
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Corzo Salinas DR, Sordelli A, Martínez LA, Villoldo G, Bernal C, Pérez MS, Cerrutti P, Foresti ML. Production of bacterial cellulose tubes for biomedical applications: Analysis of the effect of fermentation time on selected properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:1-10. [PMID: 34364942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose (BC) in cylindrical oxygen permeable molds allows the production of hollow tubular structures of increasing interest for biomedical applications (artificial blood vessels, ureters, urethra, trachea, esophagus, etc.). In the current contribution a simple set-up is used to obtain BC tubes of predefined dimensions; and the effects of fermentation time on the water holding capacity, nanofibrils network architecture, specific surface area, chemical purity, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and cell adhesion, proliferation and migration of BC tubes are systematically analysed for the first time. The results reported highlight the role of culture time on key properties of the BC tubes produced, with significant differences arising from the denser and more compact fibril arrangements generated at longer fermentation intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Corzo Salinas
- Grupo de Biotecnología y Materiales Biobasados, Instituto de Tecnología en Polímeros y Nanotecnología (ITPN-UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Las Heras 2214 (CP 1127AAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina (UBA), Av. Intendente Güiraldes 2620 (CP 1428BGA), Pabellón de Industrias, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Sordelli
- Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB), Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (HIBA), CONICET, Instituto Universitario HIBA, Potosí 4240 (CP 1199), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L A Martínez
- Centro IREN, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Villoldo
- Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB), Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (HIBA), CONICET, Instituto Universitario HIBA, Potosí 4240 (CP 1199), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Bernal
- Grupo de Ingeniería en Polímeros y Materiales Compuestos, Instituto de Tecnología en Polímeros y Nanotecnología (ITPN-UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Las Heras 2214 (CP 1127AAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - M S Pérez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto de Ingeniería Biomédica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA.
| | - P Cerrutti
- Grupo de Biotecnología y Materiales Biobasados, Instituto de Tecnología en Polímeros y Nanotecnología (ITPN-UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Las Heras 2214 (CP 1127AAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina (UBA), Av. Intendente Güiraldes 2620 (CP 1428BGA), Pabellón de Industrias, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M L Foresti
- Grupo de Biotecnología y Materiales Biobasados, Instituto de Tecnología en Polímeros y Nanotecnología (ITPN-UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Las Heras 2214 (CP 1127AAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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18
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Bacterial cellulose and its potential for biomedical applications. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107856. [PMID: 34666147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an important polysaccharide synthesized by some bacterial species under specific culture conditions, which presents several remarkable features such as microporosity, high water holding capacity, good mechanical properties and good biocompatibility, making it a potential biomaterial for medical applications. Since its discovery, BC has been used for wound dressing, drug delivery, artificial blood vessels, bone tissue engineering, and so forth. Additionally, BC can be simply manipulated to form its derivatives or composites with enhanced physicochemical and functional properties. Several polymers, carbon-based nanomaterials, and metal nanoparticles (NPs) have been introduced into BC by ex situ and in situ methods to design hybrid materials with enhanced functional properties. This review provides comprehensive knowledge and highlights recent advances in BC production strategies, its structural features, various in situ and ex situ modification techniques, and its potential for biomedical applications.
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19
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Aavani F, Biazar E, Heshmatipour Z, Arabameri N, Kamalvand M, Nazbar A. Applications of bacteria and their derived biomaterials for repair and tissue regeneration. Regen Med 2021; 16:581-605. [PMID: 34030458 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms such as bacteria and their derived biopolymers can be used in biomaterials and tissue regeneration. Various methods have been applied to regenerate damaged tissues, but using probiotics and biomaterials derived from bacteria with improved economic-production efficiency and highly applicable properties can be a new solution in tissue regeneration. Bacteria can synthesize numerous types of biopolymers. These biopolymers possess many desirable properties such as biocompatibility and biodegradability, making them good candidates for tissue regeneration. Here, we reviewed different types of bacterial-derived biopolymers and highlight their applications for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Aavani
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), 15916-34311 Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Biazar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tissue Engineering Group, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, 46841-61167 Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Zoheir Heshmatipour
- Department of Microbiology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, 46841-61167 Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Arabameri
- Department of Microbiology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, 46841-61167 Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Mahshad Kamalvand
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tissue Engineering Group, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, 46841-61167 Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Nazbar
- National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 13169-43551 Tehran, Iran
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20
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Emre Oz Y, Keskin-Erdogan Z, Safa N, Esin Hames Tuna E. A review of functionalised bacterial cellulose for targeted biomedical fields. J Biomater Appl 2021; 36:648-681. [PMID: 33673762 DOI: 10.1177/0885328221998033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC), which can be produced by microorganisms, is an ideal biomaterial especially for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems thanks to its properties of high purity, biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, high crystallinity, 3 D nanofiber structure, porosity and high-water holding capacity. Therefore, wide ranges of researches have been done on the BC production process and its structural and physical modifications to make it more suitable for certain targeted biomedical applications thoroughly. BC's properties such as mechanical strength, pore diameter and porosity can be tuned in situ or ex situ processes by using various polymer and compounds. Besides, different organic or inorganic compounds that support cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation or provide functions such as antimicrobial effectiveness can be gained to its structure for targeted application. These processes not only increase the usage options of BC but also provide success for mimicking the natural tissue microenvironment, especially in tissue engineering applications. In this review article, the studies on optimisation of BC production in the last decade and the BC modification and functionalisation studies conducted for the three main perspectives as tissue engineering, drug delivery and wound dressing with diverse approaches are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Emre Oz
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zalike Keskin-Erdogan
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Neriman Safa
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - E Esin Hames Tuna
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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21
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Shear-induced unidirectional deposition of bacterial cellulose microfibrils using rising bubble stream cultivation. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 255:117328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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22
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Bacterial Nanocellulose in Dentistry: Perspectives and Challenges. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010049. [PMID: 33374301 PMCID: PMC7796422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer that has fascinating attributes, such as biocompatibility, low cost, and ease of processing, being considered a very interesting biomaterial due to its options for moldability and combination. Thus, BC-based compounds (for example, BC/collagen, BC/gelatin, BC/fibroin, BC/chitosan, etc.) have improved properties and/or functionality, allowing for various biomedical applications, such as artificial blood vessels and microvessels, artificial skin, and wounds dressing among others. Despite the wide applicability in biomedicine and tissue engineering, there is a lack of updated scientific reports on applications related to dentistry, since BC has great potential for this. It has been used mainly in the regeneration of periodontal tissue, surgical dressings, intraoral wounds, and also in the regeneration of pulp tissue. This review describes the properties and advantages of some BC studies focused on dental and oral applications, including the design of implants, scaffolds, and wound-dressing materials, as well as carriers for drug delivery in dentistry. Aligned to the current trends and biotechnology evolutions, BC-based nanocomposites offer a great field to be explored and other novel features can be expected in relation to oral and bone tissue repair in the near future.
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23
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Bao L, Hong FF, Li G, Hu G, Chen L. Improved Performance of Bacterial Nanocellulose Conduits by the Introduction of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles and Heparin for Small-Caliber Vascular Graft Applications. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:353-364. [PMID: 33290651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a promising material for small-caliber artificial blood vessels, although promoting its anticoagulant properties with more rapid endothelialization would improve long-term patency. Silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNP) were introduced into the luminal wall surface of BNC conduits both with and without heparin (Hep) through pressurization followed by fixation. Hep was introduced in two ways: (1) embedded within SF nanoparticles to form SF-HepNPs for construction of the BNC-SF-HepNP conduit and (2) chemically grafted onto BNC and BNC-SFNP to form BNC-Hep and BNC-SFNP-Hep conduits. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of SF-HepNPs, although they did not incorporate into the fibrillar network due to their large size. Hep was successfully grafted onto BNC and BNC-SFNP, verified by toluidine blue staining. The hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility of the five samples (BNC, BNC-SFNP, BNC-SF-HepNP, BNC-Hep, and BNC-SFNP-Hep conduits) were compared in vitro. The heparinized BNC-Hep and BNC-SFNP-Hep conduits improved the anticoagulant properties, and BNC-SFNP-Hep promoted human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation but also controlled excessive human arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation, assisting rapid endothelialization and improving lumen patency. No significant inflammatory reaction or material degradation was observed after subcutaneous implantation for 4 weeks. Autogenous tissues were observed around the conduits, and cells infiltrated into the edges of all samples, the BNC-SFNP conduit causing the deepest infiltration, providing an appropriate microenvironment for angiogenesis when used in small-caliber blood vessel applications. Few inflammatory cells were found around the BNC-Hep and BNC-SFNP-Hep conduits. Thus, the anticoagulant properties of the BNC-SFNP-Hep conduit and its stimulation of endothelialization suggest that it has great potential in clinical applications as a small-caliber artificial blood vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhan Bao
- Key Lab of Science & Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.,Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China.,Scientific Research Base of Bacterial Nanofiber Manufacturing and Composite Technology, China Textile Engineering Society, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Feng F Hong
- Key Lab of Science & Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.,Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China.,Scientific Research Base of Bacterial Nanofiber Manufacturing and Composite Technology, China Textile Engineering Society, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Geli Li
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China.,Scientific Research Base of Bacterial Nanofiber Manufacturing and Composite Technology, China Textile Engineering Society, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gaoquan Hu
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China.,Scientific Research Base of Bacterial Nanofiber Manufacturing and Composite Technology, China Textile Engineering Society, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China.,Scientific Research Base of Bacterial Nanofiber Manufacturing and Composite Technology, China Textile Engineering Society, Shanghai 201620, China
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24
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Subhedar A, Bhadauria S, Ahankari S, Kargarzadeh H. Nanocellulose in biomedical and biosensing applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:587-600. [PMID: 33130267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is abundant in the nature and nanocellulose (NC) in particular is regarded as a credible green substrate to be used in bio nanocomposites for various applications. NC exhibits excellent mechanical reinforcement properties comparable to conventionally used materials due to its high specific surface area and tunable surface chemistry. Additionally, low toxicity, biodegradability and biocompatibility of NC deem it a promising material for use in different biomedical applications. In this review, we highlight the biomedical applications of NC based hydrogels and aerogels/nanocomposites and advancements of their employment in the areas of wound dressing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, scaffolds and biomedical implants. This review also explores the recent use of NC in making biosensors for the detection of cholesterol, various enzymes and diseases, heavy metal ions in human sweat and urine, and for general health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Subhedar
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Swarnim Bhadauria
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Sandeep Ahankari
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India.
| | - Hanieh Kargarzadeh
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Seinkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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25
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Greca LG, Rafiee M, Karakoç A, Lehtonen J, Mattos BD, Tardy BL, Rojas OJ. Guiding Bacterial Activity for Biofabrication of Complex Materials via Controlled Wetting of Superhydrophobic Surfaces. ACS NANO 2020; 14:12929-12937. [PMID: 33016698 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces are promising for preventing fouling and the formation of biofilms, with important implications in the food chain, maritime transport, and health sciences, among others. In this work, we exploit the interplay between wetting principles of superhydrophobic surfaces and microbial fouling for advanced three-dimensional (3D) biofabrication of biofilms. We utilize hydrostatic and capillary pressures to finely control the air-water interface and the aerotaxis-driven biofabrication on superhydrophobic surfaces. Superhydrophobic 3D molds are produced by a simple surface modification that partially embeds hydrophobic particles in silicone rubber. Thereafter, the molds allow the templating of the air-water interface of the culture medium, where the aerobic nanocellulose-producing bacteria (Komagataeibacter medellinensis) are incubated. The biofabricated replicas are hollow and seamless nanofibrous objects with a controlled morphology. Gradients of thickness, topographical feature size, and fiber orientation on the biofilm are obtained by controlling wetting, incubation time, and nutrient availability. Furthermore, we demonstrate that capillary length limitations are overcome by using pressurized closed molds, whereby a persistent air plastron allows the formation of 3D microstructures, regardless of their morphological complexity. We also demonstrate that interfacial biofabrication is maintained for at least 12 days without observable fouling of the mold surface. In summary, we achieve controlled biofouling of the air-water interface as imposed by the experimental framework under controlled wetting. The latter is central to both microorganism-based biofabrication and fouling, which are major factors connecting nanoscience, synthetic biology, and microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz G Greca
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Mahdi Rafiee
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Alp Karakoç
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Department of Communications and Networking, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Janika Lehtonen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Bruno D Mattos
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry, and Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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26
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Pooria A, Pourya A, Gheini A. Application of tissue-engineered interventions for coronary artery bypass grafts. Future Cardiol 2020; 16:675-685. [PMID: 32643391 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2019-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass graft is one of the extensively conducted procedures to release occlusion in the coronary vessel. Various biological grafts are used for this purpose, superiorly, saphenous vein graft, if unavailable, other vessels in the body, with likewise characteristics are exploited for the purpose. The choice of graft is yet under discovery that could impeccably meet all the requirements. Variation in perioperative and postoperative results have given uneven clinical inferences of these conduits. Alternatively, tissue-engineering is also being applied in this area for clinical improvements. This review underlines some of the commonly used grafts for coronary artery bypass graft and advancements in tissue engineering for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Pooria
- Department of Cardiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Afsoun Pourya
- Student of Research Committee, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Gheini
- Department of Cardiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Bao L, Tang J, Hong FF, Lu X, Chen L. Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Biocompatibility of Three Bacterial Nanocellulose Conduits for Blood Vessel Applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 239:116246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Gromovykh TI, Pigaleva MA, Gallyamov MO, Ivanenko IP, Ozerova KE, Kharitonova EP, Bahman M, Feldman NB, Lutsenko SV, Kiselyova OI. Structural organization of bacterial cellulose: The origin of anisotropy and layered structures. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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29
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Stumpf TR, Tang L, Kirkwood K, Yang X, Zhang J, Cao X. Production and evaluation of biosynthesized cellulose tubes as promising nerve guides for spinal cord injury treatment. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1380-1389. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taisa R. Stumpf
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Linda Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Kathlyn Kirkwood
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Xiuying Yang
- Hainan Institute of Science and Technology Haikou China
| | | | - Xudong Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
- Ottawa‐Carleton Institute of Biomedical Engineering Ottawa Ontario Canada
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30
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Raghavendran V, Asare E, Roy I. Bacterial cellulose: Biosynthesis, production, and applications. Adv Microb Physiol 2020; 77:89-138. [PMID: 34756212 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer produced by the acetic acid producing bacterium and has gathered much interest over the last decade for its biomedical and biotechnological applications. Unlike the plant derived cellulose nanofibres, which require pretreatment to deconstruct the recalcitrant lignocellulosic network, BC are 100% pure, and are extruded by cells as nanofibrils. Moreover, these nanofibrils can be converted to macrofibers that possess excellent material properties, surpassing even the strength of steel, and can be used as substitutes for fossil fuel derived synthetic fibers. The focus of the review is to present the fundamental long-term research on the influence of environmental factors on the organism's BC production capabilities, the production methods that are available for scaling up/scaled-up processes, and its use as a bulk commodity or for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayendran Raghavendran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Asare
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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Zhong M, Li J, Tang A, Zhang Q, Ji D, Peng M, Zhang R, Xiong G, Wan Y, Fan H. A facile green approach for fabricating bacterial cellulose scaffold with macroporous structure and cell affinity. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911519877432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose holds great promise for tissue engineering, but its application is greatly limited due to the lack of large pores and poor cell affinity. In this study, macroporous bacterial cellulose was fabricated through the dissolution of gelatin microspheres, which were incorporated with bacterial cellulose during bacterial cellulose fabrication. Then, gelatin was immobilized onto bacterial cellulose surface via procyanidins crosslinking. The results confirmed that the scaffolds possessed interconnected macroporous structure, high porosity, good water uptake ability, and good mechanical properties. The results of evaluation of cells showed that cells migrated to the inner of macroporous affinitive bacterial cellulose and displayed better spreading as well as proliferation than that on pure bacterial cellulose surfaces. The macroporous affinitive bacterial cellulose show potential as a scaffold for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinsheng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Aoqi Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dehui Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengxia Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Richao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guangyao Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yizao Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Gorgieva S, Trček J. Bacterial Cellulose: Production, Modification and Perspectives in Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1352. [PMID: 31547134 PMCID: PMC6835293 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is ultrafine, nanofibrillar material with an exclusive combination of properties such as high crystallinity (84%-89%) and polymerization degree, high surface area (high aspect ratio of fibers with diameter 20-100 nm), high flexibility and tensile strength (Young modulus of 15-18 GPa), high water-holding capacity (over 100 times of its own weight), etc. Due to high purity, i.e., absence of lignin and hemicellulose, BC is considered as a non-cytotoxic, non-genotoxic and highly biocompatible material, attracting interest in diverse areas with hallmarks in medicine. The presented review summarizes the microbial aspects of BC production (bacterial strains, carbon sources and media) and versatile in situ and ex situ methods applied in BC modification, especially towards bionic design for applications in regenerative medicine, from wound healing and artificial skin, blood vessels, coverings in nerve surgery, dura mater prosthesis, arterial stent coating, cartilage and bone repair implants, etc. The paper concludes with challenges and perspectives in light of further translation in highly valuable medical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selestina Gorgieva
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Institute of Automation, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Janja Trček
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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Khattab MM, Dahman Y. Functionalized bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers as long‐lasting drug nanocarrier for antibiotics and anticancer drugs. CAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaser Dahman
- Department of Chemical EngineeringRyerson UniversityToronto ON Canada
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Hybrid and biocompatible cellulose/polyurethane nanocomposites with water-activated shape memory properties. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 216:86-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Wang J, Tavakoli J, Tang Y. Bacterial cellulose production, properties and applications with different culture methods - A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 219:63-76. [PMID: 31151547 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an organic compound produced by certain types of bacteria. In natural habitats, the majority of bacteria synthesize extracellular polysaccharides, such as cellulose, which form protective envelopes around the cells. Many methods are currently being investigated to enhance cellulose growth. The various celluloses produced by different bacteria possess different morphologies, structures, properties, and applications. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive review of the different methods of BC production, which are critical to BC properties and their final applications. The aims of this review are to provide an overview of the production of BC from different culture methods, to analyze the characteristics of particular BC productions, to indicate existing problems associated with different methods, and to choose suitable culture approaches for BC applications in different fields. The main goals for future studies have also been discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Textile Composite, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China; Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Javad Tavakoli
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Youhong Tang
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia.
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36
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Apelgren P, Karabulut E, Amoroso M, Mantas A, Martínez Ávila H, Kölby L, Kondo T, Toriz G, Gatenholm P. In Vivo Human Cartilage Formation in Three-Dimensional Bioprinted Constructs with a Novel Bacterial Nanocellulose Bioink. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2482-2490. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Apelgren
- Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg 41685, Sweden
| | - Erdem Karabulut
- 3D Bioprinting Center, BBV at Biotech Center, Gothenburg 41346, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Matteo Amoroso
- Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg 41685, Sweden
| | - Athanasios Mantas
- 3D Bioprinting Center, BBV at Biotech Center, Gothenburg 41346, Sweden
| | | | - Lars Kölby
- Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg 41685, Sweden
| | - Tetsuo Kondo
- Biomacromolecular Materials Lab, and Biomaterial Design Lab, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Guillermo Toriz
- Wood, Cellulose and Paper Research, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
| | - Paul Gatenholm
- 3D Bioprinting Center, BBV at Biotech Center, Gothenburg 41346, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
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Anton-Sales I, Beekmann U, Laromaine A, Roig A, Kralisch D. Opportunities of Bacterial Cellulose to Treat Epithelial Tissues. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 20:808-822. [PMID: 30488795 PMCID: PMC7046991 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666181129092144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this mini-review, we highlight the potential of the biopolymer bacterial cellulose to treat damaged epithelial tissues. Epithelial tissues are cell sheets that delimitate both the external body surfaces and the internal cavities and organs. Epithelia serve as physical protection to underlying organs, regulate the diffusion of molecules and ions, secrete substances and filtrate body fluids, among other vital functions. Because of their continuous exposure to environmental stressors, damage to epithelial tissues is highly prevalent. Here, we first compare the properties of bacterial cellulose to the current gold standard, collagen, and then we examine the use of bacterial cellulose patches to heal specific epithelial tissues; the outer skin, the ocular surface, the oral mucosa and other epithelial surfaces. Special emphasis is made on the dermis since, to date, this is the most widespread medical use of bacterial cellulose. It is important to note that some epithelial tissues represent only the outermost layer of more complex structures such as the skin or the cornea. In these situations, depending on the penetration of the lesion, bacterial cellulose might also be involved in the regeneration of, for instance, inner connective tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Laromaine
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Catalunya, Spain; Tel: +34935801853; E-mails: ;
| | - Anna Roig
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Catalunya, Spain; Tel: +34935801853; E-mails: ;
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38
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Nanocellulose Composite Biomaterials in Industry and Medicine. BIOLOGICALLY-INSPIRED SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12919-4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Thomas B, Raj MC, B AK, H RM, Joy J, Moores A, Drisko GL, Sanchez C. Nanocellulose, a Versatile Green Platform: From Biosources to Materials and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11575-11625. [PMID: 30403346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
With increasing environmental and ecological concerns due to the use of petroleum-based chemicals and products, the synthesis of fine chemicals and functional materials from natural resources is of great public value. Nanocellulose may prove to be one of the most promising green materials of modern times due to its intrinsic properties, renewability, and abundance. In this review, we present nanocellulose-based materials from sourcing, synthesis, and surface modification of nanocellulose, to materials formation and applications. Nanocellulose can be sourced from biomass, plants, or bacteria, relying on fairly simple, scalable, and efficient isolation techniques. Mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments, or a combination of these, can be used to extract nanocellulose from natural sources. The properties of nanocellulose are dependent on the source, the isolation technique, and potential subsequent surface transformations. Nanocellulose surface modification techniques are typically used to introduce either charged or hydrophobic moieties, and include amidation, esterification, etherification, silylation, polymerization, urethanization, sulfonation, and phosphorylation. Nanocellulose has excellent strength, high Young's modulus, biocompatibility, and tunable self-assembly, thixotropic, and photonic properties, which are essential for the applications of this material. Nanocellulose participates in the fabrication of a large range of nanomaterials and nanocomposites, including those based on polymers, metals, metal oxides, and carbon. In particular, nanocellulose complements organic-based materials, where it imparts its mechanical properties to the composite. Nanocellulose is a promising material whenever material strength, flexibility, and/or specific nanostructuration are required. Applications include functional paper, optoelectronics, and antibacterial coatings, packaging, mechanically reinforced polymer composites, tissue scaffolds, drug delivery, biosensors, energy storage, catalysis, environmental remediation, and electrochemically controlled separation. Phosphorylated nanocellulose is a particularly interesting material, spanning a surprising set of applications in various dimensions including bone scaffolds, adsorbents, and flame retardants and as a support for the heterogenization of homogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bejoy Thomas
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India
| | - Midhun C Raj
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India
| | - Athira K B
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India
| | - Rubiyah M H
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India
| | - Jithin Joy
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India.,International and Interuniversity Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IIUCNN), Mahatma Gandhi University , 686 560 Kottayam , Kerala , India
| | - Audrey Moores
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada
| | - Glenna L Drisko
- CNRS, ICMCB, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5026 , F-33600 Pessac , France
| | - Clément Sanchez
- UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7574 Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France , 11 place, Marcelin Berthelot , F-75005 , Paris , France
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Hoshi T, Yamazaki K, Sato Y, Shida T, Aoyagi T. Production of hollow-type spherical bacterial cellulose as a controlled release device by newly designed floating cultivation. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00873. [PMID: 30456320 PMCID: PMC6236009 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a novel cultivating system for hollow-type spherical bacterial cellulose (HSBC) gel production without any molds or template. It consisted of floating aqueous medium droplet containing Gluconacetobacter xylinus (G. xylinus) at the boundary of two non-mixed silicone oil layers. The fibrils of bacterial cellulose (BC) were produced at the interface of water and oil phases. Fibril layers effectively thickened layer-by-layer and eventually formed a shell structure. The size of the HSBC gel can be controlled by the volume of dropped cell suspension. For cell suspensions of 50 μL and 10 μL, HSBC gels of approximately 4.0 mm and 2.5 mm were obtained, respectively. The shell of the HSBC gel is the gelatinous membrane formed by well-organized fibril networks; they comprised type-I crystal structure of cellulose. Additionally, we studied release profile of the fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-Dex) and observed that it released rapidly from the HSBC gels compared to from the BC gels obtained by the static culture method. The release behavior from HSBC gel agreed satisfactorily with Higuchi model. Therefore, the shell of HSBC gel is surely a thin gelatinous membrane of BC, and would be useful as a drug release device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Hoshi
- Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yamazaki
- Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
| | - Takaya Shida
- Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
| | - Takao Aoyagi
- Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
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Robotti F, Bottan S, Fraschetti F, Mallone A, Pellegrini G, Lindenblatt N, Starck C, Falk V, Poulikakos D, Ferrari A. A micron-scale surface topography design reducing cell adhesion to implanted materials. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10887. [PMID: 30022037 PMCID: PMC6052105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The micron-scale surface topography of implanted materials represents a complementary pathway, independent of the material biochemical properties, regulating the process of biological recognition by cells which mediate the inflammatory response to foreign bodies. Here we explore a rational design of surface modifications in micron range to optimize a topography comprised of a symmetrical array of hexagonal pits interfering with focal adhesion establishment and maturation. When implemented on silicones and hydrogels in vitro, the anti-adhesive topography significantly reduces the adhesion of macrophages and fibroblasts and their activation toward effectors of fibrosis. In addition, long-term interaction of the cells with anti-adhesive topographies markedly hampers cell proliferation, correlating the physical inhibition of adhesion and complete spreading with the natural progress of the cell cycle. This solution for reduction in cell adhesion can be directly integrated on the outer surface of silicone implants, as well as an additive protective conformal microstructured biocellulose layer for materials that cannot be directly microstructured. Moreover, the original geometry imposed during manufacturing of the microstructured biocellulose membranes are fully retained upon in vivo exposure, suggesting a long lasting performance of these topographical features after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Robotti
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simone Bottan
- Wyss Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federica Fraschetti
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Mallone
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Pellegrini
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Lindenblatt
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Starck
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Ferrari
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
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42
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Sun J, Shen J, Chen S, Cooper MA, Fu H, Wu D, Yang Z. Nanofiller Reinforced Biodegradable PLA/PHA Composites: Current Status and Future Trends. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E505. [PMID: 30966540 PMCID: PMC6415396 DOI: 10.3390/polym10050505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for environmental protection has led to the rapid development of greener and biodegradable polymers, whose creation provided new challenges and opportunities for the advancement of nanomaterial science. Biodegradable polymer materials and even nanofillers (e.g., natural fibers) are important because of their application in greener industries. Polymers that can be degraded naturally play an important role in solving public hazards of polymer materials and maintaining ecological balance. The inherent shortcomings of some biodegradable polymers such as weak mechanical properties, narrow processing windows, and low electrical and thermal properties can be overcome by composites reinforced with various nanofillers. These biodegradable polymer composites have wide-ranging applications in different areas based on their large surface area and greater aspect ratio. Moreover, the polymer composites that exploit the synergistic effect between the nanofiller and the biodegradable polymer matrix can lead to enhanced properties while still meeting the environmental requirement. In this paper, a broad review on recent advances in the research and development of nanofiller reinforced biodegradable polymer composites that are used in various applications, including electronics, packing materials, and biomedical uses, is presented. We further present information about different kinds of nanofillers, biodegradable polymer matrixes, and their composites with specific concern to our daily applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Sun
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jingjing Shen
- School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shoukai Chen
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Merideth A Cooper
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Hongbo Fu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Daming Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Courtenay JC, Deneke C, Lanzoni EM, Costa CA, Bae Y, Scott JL, Sharma RI. Modulating cell response on cellulose surfaces; tunable attachment and scaffold mechanics. CELLULOSE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 25:925-940. [PMID: 31983816 PMCID: PMC6954015 DOI: 10.1007/s10570-017-1612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Combining surface chemical modification of cellulose to introduce positively charged trimethylammonium groups by reaction with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) allowed for direct attachment of mammalian MG-63 cells, without addition of protein modifiers, or ligands. Very small increases in the surface charge resulted in significant increases in cell attachment: at a degree of substitution (DS) of only 1.4%, MG-63 cell attachment was > 90% compared to tissue culture plastic, whereas minimal attachment occurred on unmodified cellulose. Cell attachment plateaued above DS of ca. 1.85% reflecting a similar trend in surface charge, as determined from ζ-potential measurements and capacitance coupling (electric force microscopy). Cellulose film stiffness was modulated by cross linking with glyoxal (0.3-2.6% degree of crosslinking) to produce a range of materials with surface shear moduli from 76 to 448 kPa (measured using atomic force microscopy). Cell morphology on these materials could be regulated by tuning the stiffness of the scaffolds. Thus, we report tailored functionalised biomaterials based on cationic cellulose that can be tuned through surface reaction and glyoxal crosslinkin+g, to influence the attachment and morphology of cells. These scaffolds are the first steps towards materials designed to support cells and to regulate cell morphology on implanted biomaterials using only scaffold and cells, i.e. without added adhesion promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C. Courtenay
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Christoph Deneke
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Centre for National Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Evandro M. Lanzoni
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Centre for National Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Costa
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Centre for National Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Yongho Bae
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA
| | - Janet L. Scott
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Ram I. Sharma
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
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Performance improvements of the BNC tubes from unique double-silicone-tube bioreactors by introducing chitosan and heparin for application as small-diameter artificial blood vessels. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 178:394-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Xue Y, Mou Z, Xiao H. Nanocellulose as a sustainable biomass material: structure, properties, present status and future prospects in biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:14758-14781. [PMID: 28967940 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr04994c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose, extracted from the most abundant biomass material cellulose, has proved to be an environmentally friendly material with excellent mechanical performance owing to its unique nano-scaled structure, and has been used in a variety of applications as engineering and functional materials. The great biocompatibility and biodegradability, in particular, render nanocellulose promising in biomedical applications. In this review, the structure, treatment technology and properties of three different nanocellulose categories, i.e., nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), are introduced and compared. The cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and frontier applications in biomedicine of the three nanocellulose categories were the focus and are detailed in each section. Future prospects concerning the cytotoxicity, applications and industrial production of nanocellulose are also discussed in the last section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China.
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Production and Status of Bacterial Cellulose in Biomedical Engineering. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7090257. [PMID: 32962322 PMCID: PMC5618368 DOI: 10.3390/nano7090257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a highly pure and crystalline material generated by aerobic bacteria, which has received significant interest due to its unique physiochemical characteristics in comparison with plant cellulose. BC, alone or in combination with different components (e.g., biopolymers and nanoparticles), can be used for a wide range of applications, such as medical products, electrical instruments, and food ingredients. In recent years, biomedical devices have gained important attention due to the increase in medical engineering products for wound care, regeneration of organs, diagnosis of diseases, and drug transportation. Bacterial cellulose has potential applications across several medical sectors and permits the development of innovative materials. This paper reviews the progress of related research, including overall information about bacterial cellulose, production by microorganisms, mechanisms as well as BC cultivation and its nanocomposites. The latest use of BC in the biomedical field is thoroughly discussed with its applications in both a pure and composite form. This paper concludes the further investigations of BC in the future that are required to make it marketable in vital biomaterials.
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Reiniati I, Hrymak AN, Margaritis A. Recent developments in the production and applications of bacterial cellulose fibers and nanocrystals. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 37:510-524. [PMID: 27248159 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2016.1189871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellulosic nanomaterials provide a novel and sustainable platform for the production of high performance materials enabled by nanotechnology. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a highly crystalline material and contains pure cellulose without lignin and hemicellulose. BC offers an opportunity to provide control of the products' properties in-situ, via specific BC production methods and culture conditions. The BC potential in advanced material applications are hindered by a limited knowledge of optimal BC production conditions, efficient process scale-up, separation methods, and purification methods. There is a growing body of work on the production of bacterial cellulose nanocrystals (BCNs) from BC fibers. However, there is limited information regarding the effect of BC fibers' characteristics on the production of nanocrystals. This review describes developments in BC and BCNs production methods and factors affecting their yield and physical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Reiniati
- a Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario , Canada
| | - Andrew N Hrymak
- a Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario , Canada
| | - Argyrios Margaritis
- a Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario , Canada
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Arias SL, Shetty AR, Senpan A, Echeverry-Rendón M, Reece LM, Allain JP. Fabrication of a Functionalized Magnetic Bacterial Nanocellulose with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. J Vis Exp 2016:52951. [PMID: 27285589 PMCID: PMC4927721 DOI: 10.3791/52951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) produced by the bacteria Gluconacetobacter xylinus is synthesized and impregnated in situ with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) (Fe3O4) to yield a magnetic bacterial nanocellulose (MBNC). The synthesis of MBNC is a precise and specifically designed multi-step process. Briefly, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) pellicles are formed from preserved G. xylinus strain according to our experimental requirements of size and morphology. A solution of iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) and iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2·4H2O) with a 2:1 molar ratio is prepared and diluted in deoxygenated high purity water. A BNC pellicle is then introduced in the vessel with the reactants. This mixture is stirred and heated at 80 °C in a silicon oil bath and ammonium hydroxide (14%) is then added by dropping to precipitate the ferrous ions into the BNC mesh. This last step allows forming in situ magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) inside the bacterial nanocellulose mesh to confer magnetic properties to BNC pellicle. A toxicological assay was used to evaluate the biocompatibility of the BNC-IONP pellicle. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used to cover the IONPs in order to improve their biocompatibility. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the IONP were located preferentially in the fibril interlacing spaces of the BNC matrix, but some of them were also found along the BNC ribbons. Magnetic force microscope measurements performed on the MBNC detected the presence magnetic domains with high and weak intensity magnetic field, confirming the magnetic nature of the MBNC pellicle. Young's modulus values obtained in this work are also in a reasonable agreement with those reported for several blood vessels in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L Arias
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Akshath R Shetty
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Angana Senpan
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | | | - Lisa M Reece
- Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch; WHO Collaborating Center for Vaccine Research, Evaluation and Training on Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch
| | - Jean Paul Allain
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign;
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Liu M, Zhong C, Zhang YM, Xu ZM, Qiao CS, Jia SR. Metabolic Investigation in Gluconacetobacter xylinus and Its Bacterial Cellulose Production under a Direct Current Electric Field. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:331. [PMID: 27014248 PMCID: PMC4794480 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of a direct current (DC) electric field on the growth and metabolism of Gluconacetobacter xylinus were investigated in static culture. When a DC electric field at 10 mA was applied using platinum electrodes to the culture broth, bacterial cellulose (BC) production was promoted in 12 h but was inhibited in the last 12 h as compared to the control (without DC electric field). At the cathode, the presence of the hydrogen generated a strong reductive environment that is beneficial to cell growth. As compared to the control, the activities of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle, as well as BC productivity were observed to be slightly higher in the first 12 h. However, due to the absence of sufficient oxygen, lactic acid was accumulated from pyruvic acid at 18 h, which was not in favor of BC production. At the anode, DC inhibited cell growth in 6 h when compared to the control. The metabolic activity in G. xylinus was inhibited through the suppression of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis. At 18-24 h, cell density was observed to decrease, which might be due to the electrolysis of water that significantly dropped the pH of cultural broth far beyond the optimal range. Meanwhile, metabolites for self-protection were accumulated, for instance proline, glutamic acid, gluconic acid, and fatty acids. Notably, the accumulation of gluconic acid and lactic acid made it a really tough acid stress to cells at the anode and finally led to depression of cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Yu Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
| | - Ze Ming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
| | - Chang Sheng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
| | - Shi Ru Jia
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
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