1
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Sadeqi Nezhad M. Poly (beta-amino ester) as an in vivo nanocarrier for therapeutic nucleic acids. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:95-113. [PMID: 36266918 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic nucleic acids are an emerging class of therapy for treating various diseases through immunomodulation, protein replacement, gene editing, and genetic engineering. However, they need a vector to effectively and safely reach the target cells. Most gene and cell therapies rely on ex vivo gene delivery, which is laborious, time-consuming, and costly; therefore, devising a systematic vector for effective and safe in vivo delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids is required to target the cells of interest in an efficient manner. Synthetic nanoparticle vector poly beta amino ester (PBAE), a class of degradable polymer, is a promising candidate for in vivo gene delivery. PBAE is considered the most potent in vivo vector due to its excellent transfection performance and biodegradability. PBAE nanoparticles showed tunable charge density, diverse structural characteristics, excellent encapsulation capacity, high stability, stimuli-responsive release, site-specific delivery, potent binding to nucleic acids, flexible binding ability to various conjugates, and effective endosomal escape. These unique properties of PBAE are an essential contribution to in vivo gene delivery. The current review discusses each of the components used for PBAE synthesis and the impact of various environmental and physicochemical factors of the body on PBAE nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sadeqi Nezhad
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Translational Biomedical Science Department, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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2
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Alazzo A, Gumus N, Gurnani P, Stolnik S, Rahman R, Spriggs K, Alexander C. Investigating histidinylated highly branched poly(lysine) for siRNA delivery. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:236-246. [PMID: 34852030 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01793d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The temporary silencing of disease-associated genes utilising short interfering RNA (siRNA) is a potent and selective route for addressing a wide range of life limiting disorders. However, the few clinically approved siRNA therapies rely on lipid based formulations, which although potent, provide limited chemical space to tune the stability, efficacy and tissue selectivity. In this study, we investigated the role of molar mass and histidinylation for poly(lysine) based non-viral vectors, synthesised through a fully aqueous thermal condensation polymerisation. Formulation and in vitro studies revealed that higher molar mass derivatives yielded smaller polyplexes attributed to a greater affinity for siRNA at lower N/P ratios yielding greater transfection efficiency, albeit with some cytotoxicity. Histidinylation had a negligible effect on formulation size, yet imparted a moderate improvement in biocompatibility, but did not provide any meaningful improvement over silencing efficiency compared to non-histidinylated derivatives. This was attributed to a greater degree of cellular internalisation for non-histidinylated analogues, which was enhanced with the higher molar mass material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alazzo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.,Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Nurcan Gumus
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Snjezana Stolnik
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Ruman Rahman
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Keith Spriggs
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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3
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Monnery BD. Polycation-Mediated Transfection: Mechanisms of Internalization and Intracellular Trafficking. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4060-4083. [PMID: 34498457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyplex-mediated gene transfection is now in its' fourth decade of serious research, but the promise of polyplex-mediated gene therapy has yet to fully materialize. Only approximately one in a million applied plasmids actually expresses. A large part of this is due to an incomplete understanding of the mechanism of polyplex transfection. There is an assumption that internalization must follow a canonical mechanism of receptor mediated endocytosis. Herein, we present arguments that untargeted (and most targeted) polyplexes do not utilize these routes. By incorporating knowledge of syndecan-polyplex interactions, we can show that syndecans are the "target" for polyplexes. Further, it is known that free polycations (which disrupt cell-membranes by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of phospholipid esters) are necessary for (untargeted) endocytosis. This can be incorporated into the model to produce a novel mechanism of endocytosis, which fits the observed phenomenology. After membrane translocation, polyplex containing vesicles reach the endosome after diffusing through the actin mesh below the cell membrane. From there, they are acidified and trafficked toward the lysosome. Some polyplexes are capable of escaping the endosome and unpacking, while others are not. Herein, it is argued that for some polycations, as acidification proceeds the polyplexes excluding free polycations, which disrupt the endosomal membrane by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, allowing the polyplex to escape. The polyplex's internal charge ratio is now insufficient for stability and it releases plasmids which diffuse to the nucleus. A small proportion of these plasmids diffuse through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), with aggregation being the major cause of loss. Those plasmids that have diffused through the NPC will also aggregate, and this appears to be the reason such a small proportion of nuclear plasmids express mRNA. Thus, the structural features which promote unpacking in the endosome and allow for endosomal escape can be determined, and better polycations can be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryn D Monnery
- Department of Organic and (Bio)Polymer Chemistry, Hasselt University, Building F, Agoralaan 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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4
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Saadati A, Hasanzadeh M, Seidi F. Biomedical application of hyperbranched polymers: Recent Advances and challenges. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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5
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Mendoza-Guevara CC, Ramon-Gallegos E, Martinez-Escobar A, Alonso-Morales R, Ramos-Godinez MDP, Ortega J. Attachment and in vitro transfection efficiency of an anti-rabies Chitosan-DNA nanoparticle vaccine. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2021; 21:105-116. [PMID: 34170830 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2021.3092307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In Mexico, urban rabies has been reduced during the last decade thanks to intensive canine control and vaccination campaigns; however, rabies transmitted by wild animals, especially by bats, has been increasing due to vampire bats feeding on livestock. Vampire bat populations has been controlled by culling with vampiricides, reducing indiscriminately other bat species. Hence, bat vaccination for rabies offers an alternative for culling. Nevertheless, available rabies vaccines are not suitable for their use in wildlife from emerging countries. This project presents an alternative for the use of plasmid vaccines using bio-nanotechnology, to create low-cost and accessible vaccines. To accomplish this goal, chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized by ionic gelation and conjugated by coacervation with a pDNA rabies vaccine to test their attachment efficiency. Also, the conjugate was functionalized with Protoporphyrin IX and Folic acid as biomarkers. The nanoparticles complex was characterized by ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and the Z potential was obtained. In vitro tests were performed on cell viability and transfection. The nanoparticles possessed a low polydispersity, a mean size of 118.5 ± 13.6 nm and a Z potential of 17.3 mV. The attachment efficiency was of 100% independent of pDNA added. In contrast to functionalized nanoparticles which showed a max attachment efficiency of 99.6% dependent of pDNA concentration and the method of functionalization. The conjugate did not influence the viability and they improved the transfection efficiency. Results suggest that these nanoparticles are easy to prepare, inexpensive, and exhibit potential for plasmid delivery as it improves transfection efficiency of pDNA vaccines.
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6
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Karlsson J, Rhodes KR, Green JJ, Tzeng SY. Poly(beta-amino ester)s as gene delivery vehicles: challenges and opportunities. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1395-1410. [PMID: 32700581 PMCID: PMC7658038 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1796628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gene delivery technologies are being developed for an increasing number of biomedical applications, with delivery vehicles including viruses and non-viral materials. Among biomaterials used for non-viral gene delivery, poly(beta-amino ester)s (PBAEs), a class of synthetic, biodegradable polymers, have risen as a leading gene delivery vehicle that has been used for multiple applications in vitro and in vivo. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the key properties of PBAEs and their development, including a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of PBAEs for gene delivery applications. The use of PBAEs to improve the properties of other drug delivery vehicles is also summarized. EXPERT OPINION PBAEs are designed to have multiple characteristics that are ideal for gene delivery, including their reversible positive charge, which promotes binding to nucleic acids as well as imparting high buffering capacity, and their rapid degradability under mild conditions. Simultaneously, some of their properties also lead to nanoparticle instability and low transfection efficiency in physiological environments. The ease with which PBAEs can be chemically modified as well as non-covalently blended with other materials, however, allows them to be customized specifically to overcome delivery barriers for varied applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Karlsson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Kelly R. Rhodes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Jordan J. Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Departments of Oncology, Ophthalmology, and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Stephany Y. Tzeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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7
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Yoo J, Rejinold NS, Lee D, Noh I, Koh WG, Jon S, Kim YC. CD44-Mediated Methotrexate Delivery by Hyaluronan-Coated Nanoparticles Composed of a Branched Cell-Penetrating Peptide. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:494-504. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Won-Gun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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8
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Amphoteric poly(amido amine)s with adjustable balance between transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity for gene delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 175:10-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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9
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Li Z, Wang X, Tian Z, Chen Z. Fluorescent protein nanovessels packing DNA into a nucleosome-like gene carrier. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04750a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By forming a nucleosome-like structure, BBNCs can function as DNA carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, and International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, and International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Tian
- Jilin Agricultural University Information Teaching and Management Center
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, and International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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10
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Li Z, Ding H, Yan F, Li H, Chen Z. Transformable protein–gold hybrid materials serve as supramolecular vehicles for gene delivery. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10141d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PGHN–DNA can be a good model to study DNA–carrier interaction as well as a new carrier for gene delivery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Han Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Fei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Hongwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Zhijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
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11
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Zhang J, Yu J, Jiang J, Chen X, Sun Y, Yang Z, Yang T, Cai C, Zhao X, Ding P. Uptake Pathways of Guandinylated Disulfide Containing Polymers as Nonviral Gene Carrier Delivering DNA to Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 118:903-913. [PMID: 27764887 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymers of guanidinylated disulfide containing poly(amido amine)s (Gua-SS-PAAs), have shown high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity. Previously, we synthesized two Gua-SS-PAA polymers, using guanidino containing monomers (i.e., arginine and agmatine, denoted as ARG and AGM, respectively) and N,N'-cystaminebisacrylamide (CBA). In this study, these two polymers, AGM-CBA and ARG-CBA were complexed with plasmid DNA, and their uptake pathway was investigated. Complexes distribution in MCF-7 cells, and changes on cell endosomes/lysosomes and membrane after the cells were exposed to complexes were tested. In addition, how the transfection efficiency changed with the cell cycle status as well as endocytosis inhibitors were studied. The polymers of AGM-CBA and ARG-CBA can avoid endosomal/lysosomal trap, therefore, greatly delivering plasmid DNA (pDNA) to the cell nucleoli. It is the guanidine groups in the polymers that enhanced complexes' permeation through cell membrane with slight membrane damage, and targeting to the nucleoli. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 903-913, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiankun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jingzheng Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tianzhi Yang
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, Maine
| | - Cuifang Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, School of life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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12
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Sun Y, Xian L, Yu J, Yang T, Zhang J, Yang Z, Jiang J, Cai C, Zhao X, Yang L, Ding P. Structure-Function Correlations of Poly(Amido Amine)s for Gene Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2016; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Sun
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Lei Xian
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Jiankun Yu
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Tianzhi Yang
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences; School of Pharmacy; Husson University; Bangor ME 04401-2929 USA
| | - Jinmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Jingzheng Jiang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Cuifang Cai
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology; School of life Science and Biopharmaceutics; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
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13
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Yu J, Zhang J, Xing H, Yang Z, Cai C, Zhang C, Zhao X, Wei M, Yang L, Ding P. Guanidinylated bioresponsive poly(amido amine)s designed for intranuclear gene delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4011-24. [PMID: 27574429 PMCID: PMC4993266 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s109406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanidinylated poly(amido amine)s with multiple disulfide linkages (Gua-SS-PAAs) were designed and constructed as nonviral gene carriers. The main chains of these novel carriers were synthesized based on monomers containing guanidino groups (guanidine hydrochloride and chlorhexidine), which could avoid complicated side-chain-modification reactions while introducing the guanidino groups. The synthesized Gua-SS-PAAs polymers were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, molecular weight, and polydispersity. Furthermore, Gua-SS-PAAs polymers were complexed with pDNA, and the properties of the complexes were determined, including entrapment efficiency, particle size, ζ-potential, atomic force microscopy images, stability, DNA complexation ability, reduction sensitivity, cytotoxicity, and transfection efficiency. The new Gua-SS-PAAs carriers exhibited higher transfection efficiency and lower cytotoxicity compared with two widely used gene delivery carriers, polyethylenimine and lipofectamine 2000. Furthermore, the relationship between the side-chain structure and morphological/biological properties was extrapolated, and the results showed that guanidine in the side chain aids in the improvement of transfection efficiency. In addition, the introduction of guanidino group might confer the new carriers with nuclear localization function compared to carriers without it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Jinmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Haonan Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Cuifang Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Conglu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Minjie Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
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14
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Yoo J, Lee D, Gujrati V, Rejinold NS, Lekshmi KM, Uthaman S, Jeong C, Park IK, Jon S, Kim YC. Bioreducible branched poly(modified nona-arginine) cell-penetrating peptide as a novel gene delivery platform. J Control Release 2016; 246:142-154. [PMID: 27170226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been widely used to deliver nucleic acid molecules. Generally, CPPs consisting of short amino acid sequences have a linear structure, resulting in a weak complexation and low transfection efficacy. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel type of CPP is required to enhance the delivery efficacy while maintaining its safe use at the same time. Herein, we report that a bioreducible branched poly-CPP structure capable of responding to reducing conditions attained both outstanding delivery effectiveness and selective gene release in carcinoma cells. Branched structures provide unusually strong electrostatic attraction between DNA and siRNA molecules, thereby improving the transfection capability through a tightly condensed form. We designed a modified type of nona-arginine (mR9) and synthesized a branched-mR9 (B-mR9) using disulfide bonds. A novel B-mR9/pDNA polyplex exhibited redox-cleavability and high transfection efficacy compared to conventional CPPs, with higher cell viability as well. B-mR9/VEGF siRNA polyplex exhibited significant serum stability and high gene-silencing effects in vitro. Furthermore, the B-mR9 polyplex showed outstanding tumor accumulation and inhibition ability in vivo. The results suggest that the bioreducible branched poly CPP has great potential as a gene delivery platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisang Yoo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - DaeYong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Vipul Gujrati
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - N Sanoj Rejinold
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamali Manickavasagam Lekshmi
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Centre for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Gwangju 501-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Centre for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Gwangju 501-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanuk Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Centre for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Gwangju 501-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeu-Chun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Gerges I, Tamplenizza M, Rossi E, Tocchio A, Martello F, Recordati C, Kumar D, Forsyth NR, Liu Y, Lenardi C. A Tailor-Made Synthetic Polymer for Cell Encapsulation: Design Rationale, Synthesis, Chemical-Physics and Biological Characterizations. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:870-81. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irini Gerges
- Fondazione Filarete per le Bioscienze e l'Innovazione; Viale Ortles 22/4 20139 Milan Italy
- Tensive s.r.l.; Via Timavo 34 20124 Milan Italy
| | - Margherita Tamplenizza
- Fondazione Filarete per le Bioscienze e l'Innovazione; Viale Ortles 22/4 20139 Milan Italy
- Tensive s.r.l.; Via Timavo 34 20124 Milan Italy
| | - Eleonora Rossi
- SEMM; European School of Molecular Medicine; Campus IFOM-IEO, Via Adamello 16 20139 Milano Italy
| | - Alessandro Tocchio
- SEMM; European School of Molecular Medicine; Campus IFOM-IEO, Via Adamello 16 20139 Milano Italy
| | - Federico Martello
- Fondazione Filarete per le Bioscienze e l'Innovazione; Viale Ortles 22/4 20139 Milan Italy
- Tensive s.r.l.; Via Timavo 34 20124 Milan Italy
| | - Camilla Recordati
- Fondazione Filarete per le Bioscienze e l'Innovazione; Viale Ortles 22/4 20139 Milan Italy
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Materials Science Centre; University of Manchester; Grosvenor Street Manchester M17HS Greater Manchester UK
| | - Nicholas R. Forsyth
- Guy Hilton Research Centre; Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine; University of Keele; Thornburrow Drive Stoke-on-Trent ST47QB Staffordshire UK
| | - Yang Liu
- Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; Loughborough University; Ashby Rd Loughborough LE11 3TU Leicestershire UK
| | - Cristina Lenardi
- Fondazione Filarete per le Bioscienze e l'Innovazione; Viale Ortles 22/4 20139 Milan Italy
- CIMAINA; Dipartimento di Fisica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Celoria 16 20133 Milano Italy
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16
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Yang J, Li Y, Jin S, Xu J, Wang PC, Liang XJ, Zhang X. Engineered biomaterials for development of nucleic acid vaccines. Biomater Res 2015; 19:5. [PMID: 26331076 PMCID: PMC4552455 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-014-0025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid vaccines have attracted many attentions since they have presented some superiority over traditional vaccines. However, they could only induce moderate immunogenicity. The route and formulation of nucleic acid vaccines have strong effects on the immune response and efficiency. Numerous biomaterials are used as a tool to enhance the immunogenicity of antigens. They deliver the antigens into the cells through particle- and non-particle-mediated pathway. However, challenges remain due to lack of comprehensive understanding of the actions of these biomaterials as a carrier/adjuvant. Herein, this review focuses on the evolution of biomaterials used for nucleic acid vaccines, discusses the advantages and disadvantages for gene delivery and immunostimulation of variety of structures of the biomaterials, in order to provide new thought on rational design of carrier/adjuvant and better understanding of mechanism of action in both immunostimulatory and delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 PR China
| | - Yan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 PR China ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Shubin Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 PR China
| | - Paul C Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060 USA
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 PR China
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17
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Song Y, Zhang T, Song X, Zhang L, Zhang C, Xing J, Liang XJ. Polycations with excellent gene transfection ability based on PVP-g-PDMAEMA with random coil and micelle structures as non-viral gene vectors. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:911-918. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01754d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PVP-g-PDMAEMA formed random coils in water and PVP-g-PDMAEMA-b-PMMA self-assembled into spherical core–shell micelles. Both displayed excellent pDNA compacting abilities at an extremely low N/P ratio, with PVP-g-PDMAEMA-b-PMMA also showing excellent gear transfection efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Song
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Tingbin Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- College of Material Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Chunqiu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jinfeng Xing
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China
- Beijing
- China
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18
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Abstract
The recent research progress in biological and biomedical applications of hyperbranched polymers has been summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dali Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Charles Institute of Dermatology
- School of Medicine and Medical Science
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Deyue Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology
- School of Medicine and Medical Science
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
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19
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Islam MA, Park T, Singh B, Maharjan S, Firdous J, Cho MH, Kang SK, Yun CH, Choi Y, Cho CS. Major degradable polycations as carriers for DNA and siRNA. J Control Release 2014; 193:74-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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20
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Jin Q, Wang Y, Cai T, Wang H, Ji J. Bioinspired photo-degradable amphiphilic hyperbranched poly(amino ester)s: Facile synthesis and intracellular drug delivery. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Alex SM, Sharma CP. Enhanced intracellular uptake and endocytic pathway selection mediated by hemocompatible ornithine grafted chitosan polycation for gene delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 122:792-800. [PMID: 25193152 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is adopted in gene therapy research to create gene vectors that will facilitate gene transfer to cells with utmost efficacy and safety. For vector design, polymers are the preferred nonviral colloidal systems as they are feasible for any chemical modifications. In this study, chitosan, a versatile biopolymer has been subjected to chemical conjugation with the amino acid ornithine to generate chitosan-ornithine conjugate (CON) for gene delivery. With the help of FTIR and (1)H NMR spectra the chemical composition of the chitosan derivative was confirmed. Buffering capacity was found enhanced with the synthesised chitosan derivative when compared to the parent unmodified chitosan. The cationic derivative formed nanoparticles when mixed with negatively charged DNA. The nanoparticles showed good DNA retardation ability in agarose gel electrophoresis and sizes were ascertained by DLS and TEM observations. The derivative on interaction with blood plasma showed negligible protein adsorption and did not cause either hemolysis or RBC aggregation in blood. In vitro cell culture also revealed the CON derivative to be nontoxic to cells and capable of transfection with an explicit increase in cellular uptake of nanoparticles. An uptake study in the presence of endocytosis inhibitors indicated the specific pathway used for cell entry. The results revealed that the clathrin mediated pathway and dynamin played a role in the internalisation of these specific nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Alex
- Division of Biosurface Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
| | - Chandra P Sharma
- Division of Biosurface Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
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22
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Oupický D, Li J. Bioreducible polycations in nucleic acid delivery: past, present, and future trends. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:908-22. [PMID: 24678057 PMCID: PMC4410047 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycations that are degradable by reduction of disulfide bonds are developed for applications in delivery of nucleic acids. This Feature Article surveys methods of synthesis of bioreducible polycations and discusses current understanding of the mechanism of action of bioreducible polyplexes. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between the biological redox environment and toxicity, trafficking, transfection activity, and in vivo behavior of bioreducible polycations and polyplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Oupický
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5830, USA.
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23
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Jin L, Zeng X, Liu M, Deng Y, He N. Current progress in gene delivery technology based on chemical methods and nano-carriers. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:240-55. [PMID: 24505233 PMCID: PMC3915088 DOI: 10.7150/thno.6914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene transfer methods are promising in the field of gene therapy. Current methods for gene transfer include three major groups: viral, physical and chemical methods. This review mainly summarizes development of several types of chemical methods for gene transfer in vitro and in vivo by means of nano-carriers like; calcium phosphates, lipids, and cationic polymers including chitosan, polyethylenimine, polyamidoamine dendrimers, and poly(lactide-co-glycolide). This review also briefly introduces applications of these chemical methods for gene delivery.
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24
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Xu Z, He B, Wei W, Liu K, Yin M, Yang W, Shen J. Highly water-soluble perylenediimide-cored poly(amido amine) vector for efficient gene transfection. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:3079-3086. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00195h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A highly water-soluble perylenediimide-core poly(amido amine) (PDI-PAmAm) with peripheral amine groups has been synthesized. PDI-PAmAm can be rapidly internalized into live cells with high efficacy of gene delivery and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Bicheng He
- Department of Entomology
- China Agricultural University
- 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Entomology
- China Agricultural University
- 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Kelan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Meizhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Entomology
- China Agricultural University
- 100193 Beijing, China
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25
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Lei Q, Sun YX, Chen S, Qin SY, Jia HZ, Zhuo RX, Zhang XZ. Fabrication of novel reduction-sensitive gene vectors based on three-armed peptides. Macromol Biosci 2013; 14:546-56. [PMID: 24327554 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To address the inherent barriers of gene transfection, two reduction-sensitive branched polypeptides (RBPs) are synthesized and explored as novel non-viral gene vectors. The introduced disulfide linkages in RBPs facilitate glutathione-triggered intracellular gene release and reduce polymer degradation-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the highly branched architecture concurrently realizes multivalency for strong DNA binding and elicits conformational flexibility for tight DNA compacting, which are beneficial for cellular entry. To increase the endosomal escape of plasmid DNA, pH-sensitive histidyl residues are incorporated into RBPs to improve buffer capacity in an acidic environment. In vitro study demonstrates that RBPs can efficiently mediate the DNA transfection and avoid apparent cytotoxicity in HeLa and COS7. The present gene delivery system offers a simple and flexible approach to fabricate microenvironment-specific branched gene vectors for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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26
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Yang J, Liu H, Zhang X. Design, preparation and application of nucleic acid delivery carriers. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 32:804-17. [PMID: 24239630 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gene delivery vectors must deliver their cargoes into the cytosol or the nucleus, where DNA or siRNA functions in vivo. Therefore it is crucial for the rational design of the nucleic acid delivery carriers. Compared with viral vectors, non-viral vectors have overcome some fatal defections in gene therapy. Whereas the most important issue for the non-viral vectors is the low transfection efficiency, which hinders the progress of non-viral carriers. Sparked by the structures of the virus and understanding of the process of virus infection, various biomimic structures of non-viral carriers were designed and prepared to improve the transfection issues in vitro and in vivo. However, less impressive results are achieved. In this review, we will investigate the evolution of the virus-mimicking carriers of nucleic acids for gene therapy, especially in cancer therapy; explore and discuss the relationship between the structures, materials and functions of the carriers, to provide guidance for establishing safe and highly efficient non-viral carriers for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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