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Zhang F, Zhan J, Wang Y, Cheng J, Wang M, Chen P, Ouyang J, Li J. Enhancing thalassemia gene carrier identification in non-anemic populations using artificial intelligence erythrocyte morphology analysis and machine learning. Eur J Haematol 2024; 112:692-700. [PMID: 38154920 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-anemic thalassemia trait (TT) accounted for a high proportion of TT cases in South China. OBJECTIVE To use artificial intelligence (AI) analysis of erythrocyte morphology and machine learning (ML) to identify TT gene carriers in a non-anemic population. METHODS Digital morphological data from 76 TT gene carriers and 97 controls were collected. The AI technology-based Mindray MC-100i was used to quantitatively analyze the percentage of abnormal erythrocytes. Further, ML was used to construct a prediction model. RESULTS Non-anemic TT carriers accounted for over 60% of the TT cases. Random Forest was selected as the prediction model and named TT@Normal. The TT@Normal algorithm showed outstanding performance in the training, validation, and external validation sets and could efficiently identify TT carriers in the non-anemic population. The top three weights in the TT@Normal model were the target cells, microcytes, and teardrop cells. Elevated percentages of abnormal erythrocytes should raise a strong suspicion of being a TT gene carrier. TT@Normal could be promoted and used as a visualization and sharing tool. It is accessible through a URL link and can be used by medical staff online to predict the possibility of TT gene carriage in a non-anemic population. CONCLUSIONS The ML-based model TT@Normal could efficiently identify TT carriers in non-anemic people. Elevated percentages of target cells, microcytes, and teardrop cells should raise a strong suspicion of being a TT gene carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Science, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyu Zhan
- Department of Pediatric, Baiyun District Maternal and Child Healthcare Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Science, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Science, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meinan Wang
- IVD Domestic Clinical Application Department, Mindray Biomedical Electronics Co., Ltd, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Peisong Chen
- Department of Laboratory Science, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Ouyang
- Department of Laboratory Science, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxun Li
- Department of Laboratory Science, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Sun D, Li X, Liu Y, Quan J, Jin G. Construction of GPC3-modified Lipopolymer SiRNA Delivery System. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:CPD-EPUB-139892. [PMID: 38644723 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128258852231204102044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene therapy has been widely concerned because of its unique therapeutic mechanism. However, due to the lack of safe and effective carries, it has not been widely used in clinical practice. Glypican 3 (GPC3) is a highly specific proteoglycan for hepatocellular carcinoma and is a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. Herein, to monitor the effect of gene therapy and enhance the transfection efficiency of gene carriers, GPC3-modified lipid polyethyleneimine-modified superparamagnetic nanoparticle (GLPS), a type of visualized carrier for siRNA (small-interfering RNA) targeting the liver, was prepared. METHODS We performed in vitro gene silencing, cytotoxicity, and agarose gel electrophoresis to identify the optimal GLPS formulation. In vitro MRI and Prussian blue staining verified the liver-targeting function of GLPS. We also analyzed the biocompatibility of GLPS by co-culturing with rabbit red blood cells. Morphological changes were evaluated using HE staining. RESULTS The GLPS optimal formulation consisted of LPS and siRNA at a mass ratio of 25:1 and LPS and DSPE-PEG-GPC3 at a molar ratio of 2:3. GLPS exhibited evident liver-targeting function. In vitro, we did not observe morphological changes in red blood cells or hemolysis after co-culture. In vivo, routine blood analysis revealed no abnormalities after GLPS injection. Moreover, the tissue morphology of the kidney, spleen, and liver was normal without injury or inflammation. CONCLUSION GLPS could potentially serve as an effective carrier for liver-targeted MRI monitoring and siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Yaru Liu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Jishan Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Guangyu Jin
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
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Kim S, Thuy LT, Lee J, Choi JS. Second-Generation Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Conjugated with Oligopeptides Can Enhance Plasmid DNA Delivery In Vitro. Molecules 2023; 28:7644. [PMID: 38005366 PMCID: PMC10674462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers have attracted considerable attention in the field of gene therapy due to their flexibility in introducing different functional moieties and reduced toxicity at low generations. However, their transfection efficiency remains a limitation. Therefore, an essential approach for improving their transfection efficiency as gene carriers involves modifying the structure of PAMAM by conjugating functional groups around their surface. In this study, we successfully conjugated an RRHRH oligopeptide to the surface of PAMAM generation 2 (PAMAM G2) to create RRHRH-PAMAM G2. This construction aims to condense plasmid DNA (pDNA) and facilitate its penetration into cell membranes, leading to its promising potential for gene therapy. RRHRH-PAMAM G2/pDNA complexes were smaller than 100 nm and positively charged. Nano-polyplexes can enter the cell and show a high transfection efficiency after 24 h of transfection. The RRHRH-PAMAM G2 was non-toxic to HeLa, NIH3T3, A549, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. These results strongly suggest that RRHRH-PAMAM G2 holds promise as a gene carrier for gene therapy owing to its biocompatibility and ability to deliver genes to the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joon Sig Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (L.T.T.); (J.L.)
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4
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Fang H, Wu Y, Chen L, Cao Z, Deng Z, Zhao R, Zhang L, Yang Y, Liu Z, Chen Q. Regulating the Obesity-Related Tumor Microenvironment to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS Nano 2023; 17:4748-4763. [PMID: 36809912 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Obesity usually induces systemic metabolic disturbances, including in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This is because adaptive metabolism related to obesity in the TME with a low level of prolyl hydroxylase-3 (PHD3) depletes the major fatty acid fuels of CD8+ T cells and leads to the poor infiltration and unsatisfactory function of CD8+ T cells. Herein, we discovered that obesity could aggravate the immunosuppressive TME and weaken CD8+ T cell-mediated tumor cell killing. We have thus developed gene therapy to relieve the obesity-related TME to promote cancer immunotherapy. An efficient gene carrier was prepared by modifying polyethylenimine with p-methylbenzenesulfonyl (abbreviated as PEI-Tos) together with hyaluronic acid (HA) shielding, achieving excellent gene transfection in tumors after intravenous administration. HA/PEI-Tos/pDNA (HPD) containing the plasmid encoding PHD3 (pPHD3) can effectively upregulate the expression of PHD3 in tumor tissues, revising the immunosuppressive TME and significantly increasing the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, thereby improving the responsiveness of immune checkpoint antibody-mediated immunotherapy. Efficient therapeutic efficacy was achieved using HPD together with αPD-1 in colorectal tumor and melanoma-bearing obese mice. This work provides an effective strategy to improve immunotherapy of tumors in obese mice, which may provide a useful reference for the immunotherapy of obesity-related cancer in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huapan Fang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yicheng Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Linfu Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhiqin Cao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zheng Deng
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Abstract
Recently, polysaccharides have been proved to be an interesting drug delivery system as gene carriers, and natural polysaccharides have attracted more attention in the field of biomaterials due to their unique non-toxicity, good biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Compared with other polysaccharides, chitosan and dextran have more extensive and profound applications and can directly or indirectly deliver therapeutic genes. Chinese medicinal polysaccharides often do not have cationic groups and cannot directly deliver therapeutic genes. They usually need certain chemical modifications. The operation process is difficult, but better therapeutic effects are achieved. In this paper, the classification of polysaccharides and the research progress in modified polysaccharides as novel gene carriers are reviewed to provide a reference for polysaccharides as novel gene carriers in gene therapy. Moreover, efficient transfection of DNA and RNA therapeutic genes requires the development of new efficient and low-toxic vectors as well as the optimization of existing delivery vectors. Therefore, the research on polysaccharide gene vector has a long way to go and has good prospects in scientific research and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haotian Bai
- College of Basic Medical Science, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Park SY, Yun YH, Park BJ, Seo HI, Chung I. Fabrication and Biological Activities of Plasmid DNA Gene Carrier Nanoparticles Based on Biodegradable l-Tyrosine Polyurethane. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:ph15010017. [PMID: 35056074 PMCID: PMC8780858 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is a suitable alternative to chemotherapy due to the complications of drug resistance and toxicity of drugs, and is also known to reduce the occurrence of cellular mutation through the use of gene carriers. In this study, gene carrier nanoparticles with minimal toxicity and high transfection efficiency were fabricated from a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, l-tyrosine polyurethane (LTU), which was polymerized from presynthesized desaminotyrosyl tyrosine hexyl ester (DTH) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), by using double emulsion and solvent evaporation techniques, resulting in the formation of porous nanoparticles, and then used to evaluate their potential biological activities through molecular controlled release and transfection studies. To assess cellular uptake and transfection efficiency, two model drugs, fluorescently labeled bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) and plasmid DNA-linear polyethylenimine (LPEI) complex, were successfully encapsulated in nanoparticles, and their transfection properties and cytotoxicities were evaluated in LX2 as a normal cell and in HepG2 and MCF7 as cancer cells. The morphology and average diameter of the LTU nanoparticles were confirmed using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering, while confocal microscopy was used to validate the cellular uptake of FITC-BSA-encapsulated LTU nanoparticles. Moreover, the successful cellular uptake of LTU nanoparticles encapsulated with pDNA-LPEI and the high transfection efficiency, confirmed by gel electrophoresis and X-gal assay transfection, indicated that LTU nanoparticles had excellent cell adsorption ability, facilitated gene encapsulation, and showed the sustained release tendency of genes through transfection experiments, with an optimal concentration ratio of pDNA and LPEI of 1:10. All the above characteristics are ideal for gene carriers designed to transport and release drugs into the cytoplasm, thus facilitating effective gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yong Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Yang H. Yun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA;
| | - Bum-Joon Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Hyung-Il Seo
- Department of Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea;
| | - Ildoo Chung
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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7
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Niu L, Chen G, Feng Y, Liu X, Pan P, Huang L, Guo Y, Li M. Polyethylenimine-Modified Bombyx mori Silk Fibroin as a Delivery Carrier of the ING4-IL-24 Coexpression Plasmid. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3592. [PMID: 34685354 PMCID: PMC8538240 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major challenges for lung cancer gene therapy is to find a gene delivery vector with high efficiency and low toxicity. In this study, low-molecular-weight polyethyleneimine (PEI, 1.8 kDa) was grafted onto the side chains of Bombyx mori silk fibroin (BSF) to prepare cationized BSF (CBSF), which was used to package the plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoded by the inhibitor of growth 4 (ING4) and interleukin-24 (IL-24). FTIR and 1H-NMR spectra demonstrated that PEI was effectively coupled to the side chains of BSF by amino bonds. The results of the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid method and zeta potential showed that the free amino group content on BSF increased from 125.1 ± 1.2 µmol/mL to 153.5 ± 2.2 µmol/mL, the isoelectric point increased from 3.68 to 8.82, and the zeta potential reversed from - 11.8 ± 0.1 mV to + 12.4 ± 0.3 mV after PEI grafting. Positively charged CBSF could package pDNA to form spherical CBSF/pDNA complexes. In vitro, human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and human embryonic lung fibroblast WI-38 cells were transfected with CBSF/pDNA complexes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis and flow cytometry tests showed that CBSF/pDNA complexes can effectively transfect A549 cells, and the transfection efficiency was higher than that of 25 kDa PEI/pDNA complexes. CCK-8 assay results showed that CBSF/pDNA complexes significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells but had no significant effect on WI-38 cells and exhibited lower cytotoxicity to WI-38 cells than 25 kDa PEI. Therefore, a gene delivery system, constructed with the low-molecular-weight PEI-modified silk fibroin protein and the ING4-IL-24 double gene coexpression plasmid has potential applications in gene therapy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingzhong Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Department of Textile Engineering, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (L.N.); (G.C.); (Y.F.); (X.L.); (P.P.); (L.H.); (Y.G.)
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8
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Zheng N, Luo X, Zhang Z, Wang A, Song W. Cationic Polyporphyrins as siRNA Delivery Vectors for Photodynamic and Gene Synergistic Anticancer Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:27513-27521. [PMID: 34086446 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Successful gene therapy is highly dependent on the efficiency of gene delivery, which is mostly achieved by the carrier. Current gene carriers are generally nontherapeutic and take over most of the proportion in the delivery systems. Therefore, a library of polymerized and cationic photosensitive drugs (polyphotosensitizers, pPSs) with HIF-1α siRNA delivery capability is constructed to realize using "drug" to deliver "gene". The pPS component acts as both a therapeutic carrier for intracellular HIF-1α siRNA delivery and a photosensitive drug with photodynamic therapy (PDT). A reactive oxygen species (ROS)-cleavable linker is used to polymerize PS, allowing the successful segregation of PS monomers in space, avoiding the undesired aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect and enhancing the in vitro and in vivo PDT effect. The complexes formed by pPSs and HIF-1α siRNA exhibited desired siRNA condensation and serum stability at the optimal conditions (pPSs with guanidines/siRNA weight ratio of 15), efficient intracellular internalization, and gene-silencing efficiency (60%) compared with commercial available transfection reagents (40%), as well as synergistic in vitro and in vivo phototoxicity for the combination PDT-gene therapy toward cancer treatment. This study provides a promising paradigm for the design of both the gene delivery carrier and the photosensitizer, as well as for broad utilities in the combination therapy toward cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Luo
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Wangze Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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9
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Cao Z, Xiao H, Li L, Liu M, Lin G, Zhai P, Yong KT, Wang X, Xu G. The Codelivery of siRNA and QDs by pH-Responsive Micelle for Hepatoma Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1194. [PMID: 31680969 PMCID: PMC6797843 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, RNA interfering (RNAi) has become a promising approach for cancer therapy. However, the application of RNAi for clinics is still hindered due to the lack of safe and efficient carriers. In this study, a pH-responsive micelle based on polycaprolactone-block-poly 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (PCL-PDEM) cationic copolymer was developed to carry short interfering RNA (siRNA) for silencing interleukin 8 (IL-8) gene in hepatoma cancer cells. The transfection efficiency of the PCL-PDEM-siRNA/quantum dots (QDs) nanoplex has reached about 70%, and the expression level of IL-8 decreased about 63%. Furthermore, the codelivery of QDs and siRNA has been realized, which is beneficial to visualize the process of siRNA delivery. No considerable cytotoxicity from the nanoparticles has been observed, indicating that our responsive cationic micelle is potential in clinical trial for hepatoma cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huiyu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Maixian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guimiao Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Zhai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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10
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Li H, Wang Z, Zhang J, Yuan C, Zhang H, Hou X, Zhang D. Enhanced shRNA delivery by the combination of polyethylenimine, ultrasound, and nanobubbles in liver cancer. Technol Health Care 2019; 27:263-272. [PMID: 31045545 PMCID: PMC6597992 DOI: 10.3233/thc-199025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional cancer treatments such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy destroy both cancer and normal cells, which limit their clinical application. It is difficult to achieve the best results for any liver cancer patients using any single treatment method. Gene therapy for HCC demands non-invasive, efficient, targeted and safe gene transfection strategies. OBJECTIVE In this study, a nonviral shRNA gene delivery system utilizing a combination of PEI, US, and NBs was developed for targeting survivin in liver Cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS The PEI-shRNA-NBs cumulated in the tumor tissue because of the EPR effect. By exposure to the US, micelles shRNA may be released from PEI-shRNA-NBs in tumor tissues and the shRNA then transmitted efficiently to cancer cells. Considerably enhanced therapeutic outcome was obtained with the gene silencing effect enhanced. CONCLUSIONS PEI-shRNA-NBs possess the potential to become promising tools intended for shRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyan Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinxin Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Yang JL, Cai R, Chen DY, Tan JQ, Huang LH. [Screening indices and their cut-off values for full-term neonates carrying β-thalassemia gene]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2018; 20:990-993. [PMID: 30572986 PMCID: PMC7389490 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the screening indices and their cut-off values for full-term neonates carrying β-thalassemia gene. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 1 193 full-term neonates who underwent β-thalassemia screening (hemoglobin analysis with dried blood spots on neonatal heel blood filter paper and mutation detection of 17 β-globin genes). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between screening indices and β-thalassemia gene, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of screening indices in determining the presence or absence of β-thalassemia gene. RESULTS Of the 1 193 neonates, 638 carried β-thalassemia gene. Of the 1 193 neonates, 637 (53.39%) had no HbA2, among whom 310 carried β-thalassemia gene and 327 did not carry this gene; 556 (46.61%) had HbA2, among whom 328 carried β-thalassemia gene and 228 did not carry this gene. As for the neonates without HbA2, the β-thalassemia gene group had a significantly lower HbA level and a significantly higher HbF level than the β-thalassemia gene-negative group (P<0.01). As for the neonates with HbA2, the β-thalassemia gene group had a significantly lower HbA level and significantly higher HbF and HbA2/HbA ratio than the β-thalassemia gene-negative group (P<0.01). In the neonates without HbA2, HbA, gestational age, and HbA combined with gestational age had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.865, 0.515, and 0.870, respectively, in determining the presence or absence of β-thalassemia gene (P<0.01), and HbA and HbA combined with gestational age had a similar AUC and a certain diagnostic value. In the neonates with HbA2, HbA, HbA2/HbA ratio, and HbA combined with HbA2/HbA ratio had an AUC of 0.943, 0.885, and 0.978, respectively, in determining the presence or absence of β-thalassemia gene. The HbA combined with HbA2/HbA ratio had the largest AUC. In the neonates without HbA2, HbA had the largest AUC in determining the presence or absence of β-thalassemia gene at the cut-off value of 11.6%, with a sensitivity of 85.81% and a specificity of 79.82%. In the neonates with HbA2, an HbA of 16.1%-22.0% and an HbA2/HbA ratio of >1.4 had the largest AUC in determining the presence or absence of β-thalassemia gene, with a sensitivity of 91.38% and a specificity of 91.89%. CONCLUSIONS HbA and HbA2/HbA ratio are effective indices for screening out full-term neonates carrying β-thalassemia gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ling Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545001, China.
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12
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Abstract
Genetic association studies hinge on definite clinical case definitions of the disease of interest. This is why more penetrant mutations were overrepresented in early multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) studies, whereas less penetrant mutations went underrepresented. Enrichment of genetic association studies with advanced disease may produce a flawed understanding of disease evolution, precipitating far-reaching surgical strategies like bilateral total adrenalectomy and 4-gland parathyroidectomy in MEN2. The insight into the natural course of the disease gleaned over the past 25 years caused a paradigm shift in MEN2: from the removal of target organs at the expense of greater operative morbidity to close biochemical surveillance and targeted resection of adrenal tumors and hyperplastic parathyroid glands. The lead time provided by early identification of asymptomatic MEN2 carriers under biochemical surveillance delimits a 'window of opportunity', within which (i) pre-emptive total thyroidectomy alone is adequate, circumventing morbidity attendant to central node dissection; (ii) subtotal 'tissue-sparing' adrenalectomy is sufficient, trading the risk of steroid dependency for the risk of a second pheochromocytoma in the adrenal remnant and (iii) parathyroidectomy is limited to enlarged glands, trading the risk of postoperative hypoparathyroidism for the risk of leaving behind hyperactive parathyroid glands. Future research should delineate further the mutation-specific, age-dependent penetrance of pheochromocytoma and primary hyperparathyroidism to refine the risk-oriented approach to MEN2. The sweeping changes in the management of MEN2 since the new millenium hold the hope that death and major morbidity from this uncommon disease can be eliminated in our lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Machens
- Department of GeneralVisceral and Vascular Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Henning Dralle
- Department of GeneralVisceral and Transplantation Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Duo X, Wang J, Li Q, Neve AL, Akpanyung M, Nejjari A, Ali ZSS, Feng Y, Zhang W, Shi C. CAGW Peptide Modified Biodegradable Cationic Copolymer for Effective Gene Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E158. [PMID: 30970836 PMCID: PMC6432137 DOI: 10.3390/polym9050158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, gene therapy has become a promising technology to enhance endothelialization of artificial vascular grafts. The ideal gene therapy requires a gene carrier with low cytotoxicity and high transfection efficiency. In this paper, we prepared a biodegradable cationic copolymer poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-graft-PEI (PLGA-g-PEI), grafted Cys-Ala-Gly-Trp (CAGW) peptide onto this copolymer via the thiol-ene Click-reaction, and then prepared micelles by a self-assembly method. pEGFP-ZNF580 plasmids (pDNA) were condensed by these micelles via electrostatic interaction to form gene complexes. The CAGW peptide enables these gene complexes with special recognition for endothelial cells, which could enhance their transfection. As a gene carrier system, the PLGA-g-PEI-g-CAGW/pDNA gene complexes were evaluated and the results showed that they had suitable diameter and zeta potential for cellular uptake, and exhibited low cytotoxicity and high transfection efficiency for EA.hy926 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghong Duo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, Qinghai, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Agnaldo Luis Neve
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Mary Akpanyung
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Abdelilah Nejjari
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Zaidi Syed Saqib Ali
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China.
| | - Changcan Shi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325011, Zhejiang, China.
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325011, Zhejiang, China.
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Mathew AP, Cho KH, Uthaman S, Cho CS, Park IK. Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E152. [PMID: 30970831 PMCID: PMC6432211 DOI: 10.3390/polym9040152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological condition of the human body is a composite of different environments, each with its own parameters that may differ under normal, as well as diseased conditions. These environmental conditions include factors, such as pH, temperature and enzymes that are specific to a type of cell, tissue or organ or a pathological state, such as inflammation, cancer or infection. These conditions can act as specific triggers or stimuli for the efficient release of therapeutics at their destination by overcoming many physiological and biological barriers. The efficacy of conventional treatment modalities can be enhanced, side effects decreased and patient compliance improved by using stimuli-responsive material that respond to these triggers at the target site. These stimuli or triggers can be physical, chemical or biological and can be internal or external in nature. Many smart/intelligent stimuli-responsive therapeutic gene carriers have been developed that can respond to either internal stimuli, which may be normally present, overexpressed or present in decreased levels, owing to a disease, or to stimuli that are applied externally, such as magnetic fields. This review focuses on the effects of various internal stimuli, such as temperature, pH, redox potential, enzymes, osmotic activity and other biomolecules that are present in the body, on modulating gene expression by using stimuli-regulated smart polymeric carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansuja Pulickal Mathew
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Ki-Hyun Cho
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
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15
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Feng Y, Guo M, Liu W, Hao X, Lu W, Ren X, Shi C, Zhang W. Co-self-assembly of cationic microparticles to deliver pEGFP-ZNF580 for promoting the transfection and migration of endothelial cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 12:137-149. [PMID: 28053529 PMCID: PMC5191575 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s107593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene transfection efficiency of polyethylenimine (PEI) varies with its molecular weight. Usually, high molecular weight of PEI means high gene transfection, as well as high cytotoxicity in gene delivery in vivo. In order to enhance the transfection efficiency and reduce the cytotoxicity of PEI-based gene carriers, a novel cationic gene carrier was developed by co-self-assembly of cationic copolymers. First, a star-shaped copolymer poly(3(S)-methyl-morpholine-2,5-dione-co-lactide) (P(MMD-co-LA)) was synthesized using D-sorbitol as an initiator, and the cationic copolymer (P(MMD-co-LA)-g-PEI) was obtained after grafting low-molecular weight PEI. Then, by co-self-assembly of this cationic copolymer and a diblock copolymer methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG)-b-P(MMD-co-LA), microparticles (MPs) were formed. The core of MPs consisted of a biodegradable block of P(MMD-co-LA), and the shell was formed by mPEG and PEI blocks. Finally, after condensation of pEGFP-ZNF580 by these MPs, the plasmids were protected from enzymatic hydrolysis effectively. The result indicated that pEGFP-ZNF580-loaded MP complexes were suitable for cellular uptake and gene transfection. When the mass ratio of mPEG-b-P(MMD-co-LA) to P(MMD-co-LA)-g-PEI reached 3/1, the cytotoxicity of the complexes was very low at low concentration (20 μg mL-1). Additionally, pEGFP-ZNF580 could be transported into endothelial cells (ECs) effectively via the complexes of MPs/pEGFP-ZNF580. Wound-healing assay showed that the transfected ECs recovered in 24 h. Cationic MPs designed in the present study could be used as an applicable gene carrier for the endothelialization of artificial blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakai Feng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University
- Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CNITECH, CAS, Wenzhou
| | - Mengyang Guo
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University
| | - Xuefang Hao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University
| | - Xiangkui Ren
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University
- Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Changcan Shi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CNITECH, CAS, Wenzhou
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Yu J, Zhang J, Xing H, Sun Y, Yang Z, Yang T, Cai C, Zhao X, Yang L, Ding P. Novel guanidinylated bioresponsive poly(amidoamine)s designed for short hairpin RNA delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:6651-6666. [PMID: 27994462 PMCID: PMC5154728 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s115773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two different disulfide (SS)-containing poly(amidoamine) (PAA) polymers were constructed using guanidino (Gua)-containing monomers (ie, arginine [Arg] and agmatine [Agm]) and N,N′-cystamine bisacrylamide (CBA) by Michael-addition polymerization. In order to characterize these two Gua-SS-PAA polymers and investigate their potentials as short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-delivery carriers, pSilencer 4.1-CMV FANCF shRNA was chosen as a model plasmid DNA to form complexes with these two polymers. The Gua-SS-PAAs and plasmid DNA complexes were determined with particle sizes less than 90 nm and positive ζ-potentials under 20 mV at nucleic acid:polymer weight ratios lower than 1:24. Bioresponsive release of plasmid DNA was observed from both newly constructed complexes. Significantly lower cytotoxicity was observed for both polymer complexes compared with polyethylenimine and Lipofectamine 2000, two widely used transfection reagents as reference carriers. Arg-CBA showed higher transfection efficiency and gene-silencing efficiency in MCF7 cells than Agm-CBA and the reference carriers. In addition, the cellular uptake of Arg-CBA in MCF7 cells was found to be higher and faster than Agm-CBA and the reference carriers. Similarly, plasmid DNA transport into the nucleus mediated by Arg-CBA was more than that by Agm-CBA and the reference carriers. The study suggested that guanidine and carboxyl introduced into Gua-SS-PAAs polymers resulted in a better nuclear localization effect, which played a key role in the observed enhancement of transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity. Overall, two newly synthesized Gua-SS-PAAs polymers demonstrated great potential to be used as shRNA carriers for gene-therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haonan Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianzhi Yang
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME, USA
| | - Cuifang Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Duan J, Cai L, Ma D, Xue W. Supramolecular Aggregate as a High-Efficiency Gene Carrier Mediated with Optimized Assembly Structure. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:29343-29355. [PMID: 27739303 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For cancer gene therapy, a safe and high-efficient gene carrier is a must. To resolve the contradiction between gene transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity, many polymers with complex topological structures have been synthesized, although their synthesis processes and structure control are difficult as well as the high molecular weight also bring high cytotoxicity. We proposed an alternative strategy that uses supramolecular inclusion to construct the aggregate from the small molecules for gene delivery, and to further explore the relationship between the topological assembly structure and their ability to deliver gene. Herein, PEI-1.8k-conjugating β-CD through 6-hydroxyl (PEI-6-CD) and 2-hydroxyl (PEI-2-CD) have been synthesized respectively and then assembled with diferrocene (Fc)-ended polyethylene glycol (PEG-Fc). The obtained aggregates were then used to deliver MMP-9 shRNA plasmid for MCF-7 cancer therapy. It was found that the higher gene transfection efficiency can be obtained by selecting PEI-2-CD as the host and tuning the host/guest molar ratios. With the rational modulation of supramolecular architectures, the aggregate played the functions similar to macromolecules which exhibit higher transfection efficiency than PEI-25k, but show much lower cytotoxicity because of the nature of small/low molecules. In vitro and in vivo assays confirmed that the aggregate could deliver MMP-9 shRNA plasmid effectively into MCF-7 cells and then downregulate MMP-9 expression, which induced the significant MCF-7 cell apoptosis, as well inhibit MCF-7 tumor growth with low toxicity. The supramolecular aggregates maybe become a promising carrier for cancer gene therapy and also provided an alternative strategy for designing new gene carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Junkun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lingguang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
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18
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Yu J, Zhang J, Xing H, Yang Z, Cai C, Zhang C, Zhao X, Wei M, Yang L, Ding P. Guanidinylated bioresponsive poly(amido amine)s designed for intranuclear gene delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4011-24. [PMID: 27574429 PMCID: PMC4993266 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s109406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanidinylated poly(amido amine)s with multiple disulfide linkages (Gua-SS-PAAs) were designed and constructed as nonviral gene carriers. The main chains of these novel carriers were synthesized based on monomers containing guanidino groups (guanidine hydrochloride and chlorhexidine), which could avoid complicated side-chain-modification reactions while introducing the guanidino groups. The synthesized Gua-SS-PAAs polymers were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, molecular weight, and polydispersity. Furthermore, Gua-SS-PAAs polymers were complexed with pDNA, and the properties of the complexes were determined, including entrapment efficiency, particle size, ζ-potential, atomic force microscopy images, stability, DNA complexation ability, reduction sensitivity, cytotoxicity, and transfection efficiency. The new Gua-SS-PAAs carriers exhibited higher transfection efficiency and lower cytotoxicity compared with two widely used gene delivery carriers, polyethylenimine and lipofectamine 2000. Furthermore, the relationship between the side-chain structure and morphological/biological properties was extrapolated, and the results showed that guanidine in the side chain aids in the improvement of transfection efficiency. In addition, the introduction of guanidino group might confer the new carriers with nuclear localization function compared to carriers without it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Jinmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Haonan Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Cuifang Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Conglu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Minjie Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
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19
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Zhan B, Shi K, Dong Z, Lv W, Zhao S, Han X, Wang H, Liu H. Coarse-Grained Simulation of Polycation/DNA-Like Complexes: Role of Neutral Block. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2834-44. [PMID: 26076229 DOI: 10.1021/mp500861c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Complexes formed by polycations and DNA are of great research interest because of their prospective application in gene therapy. Whereas the applications of multiblock based polycation generally exhibit promising features, a thorough understanding on the effect of neutral block incorporated in polycation is still lacking. By using coarse-grained dynamics simulation with the help of a simple model for solvent mediated interaction, we perform a theoretical study on the physicochemical properties of various polyplexes composed of a single DNA-like polyanion chain and numbers of linear polycationic chains with different modifications. By analyzing various properties, we find the hydrophobic/hydrophilic modifications of linear polycations may bring an improvement on one aspect of the properties as gene carrier but also involve a trade-off with another one. In particular, polycation with a hydrophobic middle block and a hydrophilic tail block display distinct advantages among di- and triblock linear polycations as gene carrier, while careful design of the hydrophobic block should be made to reduce the zeta potential. The simulation results are compared with available experimental data displaying good agreements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicai Zhan
- †State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kaihang Shi
- †State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhexi Dong
- †State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | | | - Shuangliang Zhao
- †State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | | | | | - Honglai Liu
- †State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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20
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Li Q, Shi C, Zhang W, Behl M, Lendlein A, Feng Y. Nanoparticles complexed with gene vectors to promote proliferation of human vascular endothelial cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1225-35. [PMID: 25755152 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymers containing biodegradable hydrophobic segments of depsipeptide based copolymers have been synthesized and explored as gene carriers for enhancing proliferation of endothelial cells in vitro. These polymers form nanoparticles (NPs) with positive charges on their surface, which could condense recombinant plasmids of enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmid and ZNF580 gene (pEGFP-ZNF580) and protect them against DNase I. ZNF580 gene is efficiently transported into EA.hy926 cells to promote their proliferation, whereby the transfection efficiency of NPs/pEGFP-ZNF580 is approximately similar to that of Lipofectamine 2000. These results indicate that the NPs might have potential as a carrier for pEGFP-ZNF580, which could support endothelialization of cardiovascular implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Changcan Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force; Tianjin 300162 China
| | - Marc Behl
- Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine; Tianjin 300072 China
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine; Tianjin 300072 China
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 China
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Abstract
In this study, we synthesized a water-soluble poly(amic acid-co-imide) (PA-I) from ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride (EDTA) and 2,2′-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) that possesses comparable transfection efficiency to that of polyethylenimine (PEI), when prepared in combination with divalent calcium cations. The polycondensation of monomers afforded poly(amic acid) (PA) precursors, and subsequent thermal imidization resulted in the formation of PA-I. At a polymer/DNA ratio (indicated by the molar ratio of nitrogen in the polymer to phosphate in DNA) of 40, complete retardation of the DNA band was observed by gel electrophoresis, indicating the strong association of DNA with PA-I. A zeta potential of −22 mV was recorded for the PA-I polymer solution, and no apparent cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations up to 500 μg·mL−1. In the presence of divalent Ca2+, the transfection efficiency of PA-I was higher than that of PA, due to the formation of a copolymer/Ca2+/DNA polyplex and the reduction in negative charge due to thermal cyclization. Interestingly, a synergistic effect of Ca2+ and the synthesized copolymer on DNA transfection was observed. The use of Ca2+ or copolymer alone resulted in unsatisfactory delivery, whereas the formation of three-component polyplexes synergistically increased DNA transfection. Our findings demonstrated that a PA-I/Ca2+/DNA polyplex could serve as a promising candidate for gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Yuan Wu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; Department of Radiation Oncology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan ; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan ; Department of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Chang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sydeny Peng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Numata K, Ohtani M, Yoshizumi T, Demura T, Kodama Y. Local gene silencing in plants via synthetic dsRNA and carrier peptide. Plant Biotechnol J 2014; 12:1027-34. [PMID: 24905384 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Quick and facile transient RNA interference (RNAi) is one of the most valuable plant biotechnologies for analysing plant gene functions. To establish a novel double-strand RNA (dsRNA) delivery system for plants, we developed an ionic complex of synthetic dsRNA with a carrier peptide in which a cell-penetrating peptide is fused with a polycation sequence as a gene carrier. The dsRNA-peptide complex is 100-300 nm in diameter and positively charged. Infiltration of the complex into intact leaf cells of Arabidopsis thaliana successfully induced rapid and efficient down-regulation of exogenous and endogenous genes such as yellow fluorescent protein and chalcone synthase. The present method realizes quick and local gene silencing in specific tissues and/or organs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Numata
- Enzyme Research Team, Biomass Engineering Program Cooperative Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
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Li N, Luo HC, Yang C, Deng JJ, Ren M, Xie XY, Lin DZ, Yan L, Zhang LM. Cationic star-shaped polymer as an siRNA carrier for reducing MMP-9 expression in skin fibroblast cells and promoting wound healing in diabetic rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:3377-87. [PMID: 25075185 PMCID: PMC4106967 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s66368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is deleterious to the cutaneous wound-healing process in the context of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to explore whether a cationic star-shaped polymer consisting of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) core and poly(amidoamine) dendron arms (β-CD-[D3]7) could be used as the gene carrier of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to reduce MMP-9 expression for enhanced diabetic wound healing. Methods The cytotoxicity of β-CD-(D3)7 was investigated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (MMT) method in the rat CRL1213 skin fibroblast cell line. The transfection efficiency of β-CD-(D3)7/MMP-9-small interfering RNA (siRNA) complexes was determined by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Quantitative real time (RT) polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure the gene expression of MMP-9 after the transfection by β-CD-(D3)7/MMP-9-siRNA complexes. The β-CD-(D3)7/MMP-9-siRNA complexes were injected on the wounds of streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Wound closure was measured on days 4 and 7 post-wounding. Results β-CD-(D3)7 exhibited low cytotoxicity in fibroblast cells, and easily formed the complexes with MMP-9-siRNA. The β-CD-(D3)7/MMP-9-siRNA complexes were readily taken up by fibroblast cells, resulting in the downregulation of MMP-9 gene expression (P<0.01). Animal experiments revealed that the treatment by β-CD-(D3)7/MMP-9-siRNA complexes enhanced wound closure in diabetic rats on day 7 post-wounding (P<0.05). Conclusion β-CD-(D3)7 may be used as an efficient carrier for the delivery of MMP-9-siRNA to reduce MMP-9 expression in skin fibroblast cells and promote wound healing in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng-Cong Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jie Deng
- DSAPM Lab and PCFM Lab, Institute of Polymer Science, Department of Polymer and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Diao-Zhu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- DSAPM Lab and PCFM Lab, Institute of Polymer Science, Department of Polymer and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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He B, Chu Y, Yin M, Müllen K, An C, Shen J. Fluorescent nanoparticle delivered dsRNA toward genetic control of insect pests. Adv Mater 2013; 25:4580-4584. [PMID: 23794475 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201301201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescent cationic core-shell nanoparticle efficiently enters into cells with high transfection efficacy. A FNP/CHT10-dsRNA complex is orally fed to insect pests and knocks down a midgut-specific chitinase gene of the Asian corn borer, which leads to death. This is the first report on the genetic control of insect pests through a non-viral gene delivery system to knock down key developmental gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicheng He
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
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Wang Y, Cui H, Sun C, Du W, Cui J, Zhao X. Study on performance of magnetic fluorescent nanoparticles as gene carrier and location in pig kidney cells. Nanoscale Res Lett 2013; 8:127. [PMID: 23497428 PMCID: PMC3606607 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-8-127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the performance of green fluorescent magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) as gene carrier and location in pig kidney cells. When the mass ratio of NPs to green fluorescent protein plasmid DNA reached 1:16 or above, DNA molecules can be combined completely with NPs, which indicates that the NPs have good ability to bind negative DNA. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments were carried out to investigate the binding mechanism between NPs and DNA. AFM images show that individual DNA strands come off of larger pieces of netlike agglomerations and several spherical nanoparticles are attached to each individual DNA strand and interact with each other. The pig kidney cells were labelled with membrane-specific red fluorescent dye 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate and nucleus-specific blue fluorescent dye 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride. We found that green fluorescent nanoparticles can past the cell membrane and spread throughout the interior of the cell. The NPs seem to locate more frequently in the cytoplasm than in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei Du
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinhui Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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Cavalli R, Bisazza A, Trotta M, Argenziano M, Civra A, Donalisio M, Lembo D. New chitosan nanobubbles for ultrasound-mediated gene delivery: preparation and in vitro characterization. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:3309-18. [PMID: 22802689 PMCID: PMC3396386 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s30912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of nonviral gene delivery systems is one of the most intriguing topics in nanomedicine. However, despite the advances made in recent years, several key issues remain unsettled. One of the main problems relates to the difficulty in designing nanodevices for targeted delivery of genes and other drugs to specific anatomic sites. In this study, we describe the development of a novel chitosan nanobubble-based gene delivery system for ultrasound-triggered release. METHODS AND RESULTS Chitosan was selected for the nanobubble shell because of its low toxicity, low immunogenicity, and excellent biocompatibility, while the core consisted of perfluoropentane. DNA-loaded chitosan nanobubbles were formed with a mean diameter of less than 300 nm and a positive surface charge. Transmission electron microscopic analysis confirmed composition of the core-shell structure. The ability of the chitosan nanobubbles to complex with and protect DNA was confirmed by agarose gel assay. Chitosan nanobubbles were found to be stable following insonation (2.5 MHz) for up to 3 minutes at 37°C. DNA release was evaluated in vitro in both the presence and absence of ultrasound. The release of chitosan nanobubble-bound plasmid DNA occurred after just one minute of insonation. In vitro transfection experiments were performed by exposing adherent COS7 cells to ultrasound in the presence of different concentrations of plasmid DNA-loaded nanobubbles. In the absence of ultrasound, nanobubbles failed to trigger transfection at all concentrations tested. In contrast, 30 seconds of ultrasound promoted a moderate degree of transfection. Cell viability experiments demonstrated that neither ultrasound nor the nanobubbles affected cell viability under these experimental conditions. CONCLUSION Based on these results, chitosan nanobubbles have the potential to be promising tools for ultrasound-mediated DNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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