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Usai G, Cordara A, Mazzocchi E, Re A, Fino D, Pirri CF, Menin B. Coupling dairy wastewaters for nutritional balancing and water recycling: sustainable heterologous 2-phenylethanol production by engineered cyanobacteria. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1359032. [PMID: 38497052 PMCID: PMC10940361 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1359032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Microalgae biotechnology is hampered by the high production costs and the massive usage of water during large-volume cultivations. These drawbacks can be softened by the production of high-value compounds and by adopting metabolic engineering strategies to improve their performances and productivity. Today, the most sustainable approach is the exploitation of industrial wastewaters for microalgae cultivation, which couples valuable biomass production with water resource recovery. Among the food processing sectors, the dairy industry generates the largest volume of wastewaters through the manufacturing process. These effluents are typically rich in dissolved organic matter and nutrients, which make it a challenging and expensive waste stream for companies to manage. Nevertheless, these rich wastewaters represent an appealing resource for microalgal biotechnology. In this study, we propose a sustainable approach for high-value compound production from dairy wastewaters through cyanobacteria. This strategy is based on a metabolically engineered strain of the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (already published elsewhere) for 2-phenylethanol (2-PE). 2-PE is a high-value aromatic compound that is widely employed as a fragrance in the food and cosmetics industry thanks to its pleasant floral scent. First, we qualitatively assessed the impact of four dairy effluents on cyanobacterial growth to identify the most promising substrates. Both tank-washing water and the liquid effluent of exhausted sludge resulted as suitable nutrient sources. Thus, we created an ideal buffer system by combining the two wastewaters while simultaneously providing balanced nutrition and completely avoiding the need for fresh water. The combination of 75% liquid effluent of exhausted sludge and 25% tank-washing water with a fine-tuning ammonium supplementation yielded 180 mg L-1 of 2-PE and a biomass concentration of 0.6 gDW L-1 within 10 days. The mixture of 90% exhausted sludge and 10% washing water produced the highest yield of 2-PE (205 mg L-1) and biomass accumulation (0.7 gDW L-1), although in 16 days. Through these treatments, the phosphates were completely consumed, and nitrogen was removed in a range of 74%-77%. Overall, our approach significantly valorized water recycling and the exploitation of valuable wastewaters to circularly produce marketable compounds via microalgae biotechnology, laying a promising groundwork for subsequent implementation and scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Usai
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cordara
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering—DIATI, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Mazzocchi
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Angela Re
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Debora Fino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Menin
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IBBA-CNR, Milan, Italy
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Hafidh Al Mahrouqi, Vega J, Dobretsov S, Abdala Díaz RT. The Effect of Medium Concentration and Nitrogen Source on the Productivity and Biochemical Composition of Arthrospira platensis. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Hafidh Al Mahrouqi, Dobretsov S, Avilés A, Díaz RTA. Spirulina Optimization Using Cane Molasses as the Cost-Effective Alternative of Sodium Bicarbonate. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s106235902213012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Zhu Z, Jiang J, Fa Y. Overcoming the Biological Contamination in Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Mass Cultivations for Photosynthetic Biofuel Production. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225220. [PMID: 33182530 PMCID: PMC7698126 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae and cyanobacteria have shown significant potential for the development of the next biofuels innovation because of their own characteristics as photosynthetic microorganisms. However, it is confronted with a lot of severe challenges on the economic scaling-up of the microalgae- and cyanobacteria-based biofuels production. One of these major challenges is the lack of a reliable preventing and controlling culture system of biological contamination, which can attack the cell growth or product accumulation causing crashing effects. To increase the commercial viability of microalgae- and cyanobacteria-based biofuels production, overcoming the biological contaminations should be at the top of the priority list. Here, we highlight the importance of two categories of biological contaminations and their controlling strategies in the mass cultivations of microalgae and cyanobacteria, and outline the directions that should be exploited in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Jihong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China;
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yun Fa
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (Y.F.)
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Sasaki M, Takagi A, Ota S, Kawano S, Sasaki D, Asayama M. Coproduction of lipids and extracellular polysaccharides from the novel green alga Parachlorella sp. BX1.5 depending on cultivation conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 25:e00392. [PMID: 31871922 PMCID: PMC6909058 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel strain of microalga Parachlorella sp. BX1.5 was isolated and its unique properties of producing lipids and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) characterized. The cells could extracellularly produce a large amount of acidic EPS, when cultured in nitrogen-deficient BG110 medium (BG11–N) with 2 % CO2-air supply. The main component of intracellularly accumulated lipids was triacylglycerol (TAG), depending on the different cultivation conditions of BG11, BG11–N, BG11–P (phosphate depleted), and BG11–N–P (nitrogen and phosphate depleted). Fatty-methyl-esters (FAMEs), methyl-esterification of total lipids, consisted of abundant saturated C16 and unsaturated C18 fatty acids under the culture conditions. Cell spot assays on BG11 plates revealed the resistance of cells to pH 2–11, high temperatures of 50–70 °C, ultraviolet irradiation, and drought, under different culture conditions, thereby suggesting the biological significance of lipid and EPS accumulation. The prospects of BX1.5 as a dual producer has also been discussed for biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuki Sasaki
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Akari Takagi
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ota
- Department of Integrated Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Kawano
- Department of Integrated Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan
- Future Center Initiative, The University of Tokyo, 178-4-4 Wakashiba, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0871, Japan
| | - Daisaku Sasaki
- BioX Chemical Industries Co. Ltd., 2-20-11 Inokuchidai, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima 733-0844, Japan
| | - Munehiko Asayama
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
- Corresponding author at: College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan.
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Dehghani J, Adibkia K, Movafeghi A, Barzegari A, Pourseif MM, Maleki Kakelar H, Golchin A, Omidi Y. Stable transformation of Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis: a promising microalga for production of edible vaccines. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9267-9278. [PMID: 30159589 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The planktonic blue-green microalga Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis possesses important features (e.g., high protein and vital lipids contents as well as essential vitamins) and can be consumed by humans and animals. Accordingly, this microalga gained growing attention as a new platform for producing edible-based pharmaceutical proteins. However, there are limited successful strategies for the transformation of S. platensis, in part because of an efficient expression of strong endonucleases in its cytoplasm. In the current work, as a pilot step for the expression of therapeutic proteins, an Agrobacterium-based system was established to transfer gfp:gus and hygromycin resistance (hygr) genes into the genome of S. platensis. The presence of acetosyringone in the transfection medium significantly reduced the transformation efficiency. The PCR and real-time RT-PCR data confirmed the successful integration and transcription of the genes. Flow cytometry and β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity experiments confirmed the successful production of GFP and the enzyme. Moreover, the western blot analysis showed a ~ 90 kDa band in the transformed cells, indicating the successful production of the GFP:GUS protein. Three months after the transformation, the gene expression stability was validated by histochemical, flow cytometry, and hygromycin B resistance analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Dehghani
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Movafeghi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Pourseif
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Maleki Kakelar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asal Golchin
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Magro FG, Margarites AC, Reinehr CO, Gonçalves GC, Rodigheri G, Costa JAV, Colla LM. Spirulina platensis biomass composition is influenced by the light availability and harvest phase in raceway ponds. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:1868-1877. [PMID: 28593820 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1340352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of cyanobacteria and its potential use for biofuel production in scale-up conditions is a topic of growing importance. The aim of our work is to study the effects of illumination, stirring, and different growth phases on the cultivation of the cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis in 10 L raceways. The cultivations were carried out in a greenhouse under measured, but not controlled, illumination and in agitated raceways with stirring speeds varying from 0.1 to 0.4 m s-1, using culture media with nutrient depletion. At the end of the stationary phase (SP) and decline of culture, the biomass was harvested and used to determine the chemical composition. The stirring rate and the growing phase influenced the carbohydrate concentration. In both phases of cultivation, compared to high-speed stirring, stirring at lower speeds produced fewer carbohydrates in the culture. Biomass grown until the end of the SP with a stirring speed of 0.35 m s-1 had a carbohydrate content of 72%, which is very high compared to that reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Cláudia Margarites
- a Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo , Brazil
| | | | | | - Grazieli Rodigheri
- c Environmental Engineering , University of Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo , Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Maria Colla
- a Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo , Brazil
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8
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Specht EA, Karunanithi PS, Gimpel JA, Ansari WS, Mayfield SP. Host Organisms: Algae. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527807796.ch16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Specht
- University of California; California Center for Algae Biotechnology; Division of Biological Sciences; 9500 Gilman Drive San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Prema S. Karunanithi
- University of California; California Center for Algae Biotechnology; Division of Biological Sciences; 9500 Gilman Drive San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Javier A. Gimpel
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering; Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Universidad de Chile; 851 Beaucheff Santiago USA
| | - William S. Ansari
- University of California; California Center for Algae Biotechnology; Division of Biological Sciences; 9500 Gilman Drive San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Stephen P. Mayfield
- University of California; California Center for Algae Biotechnology; Division of Biological Sciences; 9500 Gilman Drive San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093 USA
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9
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Ganuza E, Sellers CE, Bennett BW, Lyons EM, Carney LT. A Novel Treatment Protects Chlorella at Commercial Scale from the Predatory Bacterium Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:848. [PMID: 27379027 PMCID: PMC4913114 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The predatory bacterium, Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus, can destroy a Chlorella culture in just a few days, rendering an otherwise robust algal crop into a discolored suspension of empty cell walls. Chlorella is used as a benchmark for open pond cultivation due to its fast growth. In nature, V. chlorellavorus plays an ecological role by controlling this widespread terrestrial and freshwater microalga, but it can have a devastating effect when it attacks large commercial ponds. We discovered that V. chlorellavorus was associated with the collapse of four pilot commercial-scale (130,000 L volume) open-pond reactors. Routine microscopy revealed the distinctive pattern of V. chlorellavorus attachment to the algal cells, followed by algal cell clumping, culture discoloration and ultimately, growth decline. The “crash” of the algal culture coincided with increasing proportions of 16s rRNA sequencing reads assigned to V. chlorellavorus. We designed a qPCR assay to predict an impending culture crash and developed a novel treatment to control the bacterium. We found that (1) Chlorella growth was not affected by a 15 min exposure to pH 3.5 in the presence of 0.5 g/L acetate, when titrated with hydrochloric acid and (2) this treatment had a bactericidal effect on the culture (2-log decrease in aerobic counts). Therefore, when qPCR results indicated a rise in V. chlorellavorus amplicons, we found that the pH-shock treatment prevented the culture crash and doubled the productive longevity of the culture. Furthermore, the treatment could be repeatedly applied to the same culture, at the beginning of at least two sequential batch cycles. In this case, the treatment was applied preventively, further increasing the longevity of the open pond culture. In summary, the treatment reversed the infection of V. chlorellavorus as confirmed by observations of bacterial attachment to Chlorella cells and by detection of V. chlorellavorus by 16s rRNA sequencing and qPCR assay. The pH-shock treatment is highly selective against prokaryotes, and it is a cost-effective treatment that can be used throughout the scale up and production process. To our knowledge, the treatment described here is the first effective control of V. chlorellavorus and will be an important tool for the microalgal industry and biofuel research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneko Ganuza
- Microbiology Group, Heliae Development LLC, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | | | - Braden W Bennett
- Molecular Ecology Group, Heliae Development LLC, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | - Eric M Lyons
- Microbiology Group, Heliae Development LLC, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | - Laura T Carney
- Molecular Ecology Group, Heliae Development LLC, Gilbert, AZ, USA
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10
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Vieira Salla AC, Margarites AC, Seibel FI, Holz LC, Brião VB, Bertolin TE, Colla LM, Costa JAV. Increase in the carbohydrate content of the microalgae Spirulina in culture by nutrient starvation and the addition of residues of whey protein concentrate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 209:133-141. [PMID: 26967336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-renewable sources that will end with time are the largest part of world energy consumption, which emphasizes the necessity to develop renewable sources of energy. This necessity has created opportunities for the use of microalgae as a biofuel. The use of microalgae as a feedstock source for bioethanol production requires high yields of both biomass and carbohydrates. With mixotrophic cultures, wastewater can be used to culture algae. The aim of the study was to increase the carbohydrate content in the microalgae Spirulina with the additions of residues from the ultra and nanofiltration of whey protein. The nutrient deficit in the Zarrouk medium diluted to 20% and the addition of 2.5% of both residue types led to high carbohydrate productivity (60 mg L(-1) d(-1)). With these culture conditions, the increase in carbohydrate production in Spirulina indicated that the conditions were appropriate for use with microalgae as a feedstock in the production of bioethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Vieira Salla
- Laboratory of Fermentations, Course of Food Engineering and Course of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, km 171, BR 285, P.O. Box 611, CEP 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Margarites
- Laboratory of Fermentations, Course of Food Engineering and Course of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, km 171, BR 285, P.O. Box 611, CEP 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ivan Seibel
- Laboratory of Fermentations, Course of Food Engineering and Course of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, km 171, BR 285, P.O. Box 611, CEP 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Holz
- Laboratory of Fermentations, Course of Food Engineering and Course of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, km 171, BR 285, P.O. Box 611, CEP 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Vandré Barbosa Brião
- Laboratory of Fermentations, Course of Food Engineering and Course of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, km 171, BR 285, P.O. Box 611, CEP 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Telma Elita Bertolin
- Laboratory of Fermentations, Course of Food Engineering and Course of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, km 171, BR 285, P.O. Box 611, CEP 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciane Maria Colla
- Laboratory of Fermentations, Course of Food Engineering and Course of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, km 171, BR 285, P.O. Box 611, CEP 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, CEP 96201-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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Zhou W, Sui Z, Wang J, Hu Y, Kang KH, Hong HR, Niaz Z, Wei H, Du Q, Peng C, Mi P, Que Z. Effects of sodium bicarbonate concentration on growth, photosynthesis, and carbonic anhydrase activity of macroalgae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, and Gracilaria chouae (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 128:259-70. [PMID: 26960545 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0240-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
There is potential for bicarbonate to improve crop yields and economic efficiency of marine algae. However, few studies have focused on the effect of bicarbonate on the growth, photosynthesis, and enzyme activity associated with carbon utilization, especially in commercial macroalgae. Here, the addition of bicarbonate (up to 420 mg L(-1)) to macroalgal cultures has been evaluated for Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, and Gracilaria chouae with respect to growth rate, photosynthetic activity, carbonic anhydrase activity, and biochemical composition. The results showed that the effects of NaHCO3 on growth, chlorophyll a, phycoerythrin, photosynthetic oxygen evolution, photochemical parameters of PSI and PSII, carbonic anhydrase activity, and nitrogen content were significant (P < 0.05) and followed the same pattern in the three species. The parameter values were promoted in lower NaHCO3 concentrations (up to 252 or 336 mg L(-1)) and inhibited in higher NaHCO3 concentrations (>336 mg L(-1) for Gp. lemaneiformis and >420 mg L(-1) for the other two species). Moreover, species-specific differences induced by supplementation with bicarbonate were discovered during culture. Optimal concentrations of NaHCO3 used in this study were 252 mg L(-1) for Gp. lemaneiformis and 336 mg L(-1) for G. vermiculophylla and G. chouae. These results suggest that an adequate supplementation of sodium bicarbonate is a viable strategy for promoting growth and photosynthetic activity in some macroalgae as well as for improving biochemical composition. The study will help to accelerate the growth rate of algae and improve the quality of thalli, and will also be useful for enhancing the understanding of carbon utilization in macroalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenghong Sui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yiyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Kyoung Ho Kang
- Department of Aquaculture, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Jeonnam, 550-749, South Korea
| | - Hye Ran Hong
- Department of Aquaculture, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Jeonnam, 550-749, South Korea
| | - Zeeshan Niaz
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Huihui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qingwei Du
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Mi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhou Que
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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12
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White RL, Ryan RA. Long-Term Cultivation of Algae in Open-Raceway Ponds: Lessons from the Field. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2015.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. White
- Sapphire Energy, Inc., Columbus Algal Biomass Farm, Columbus, NM
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13
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Wensel P, Helms G, Hiscox B, Davis WC, Kirchhoff H, Bule M, Yu L, Chen S. Isolation, characterization, and validation of oleaginous, multi-trophic, and haloalkaline-tolerant microalgae for two-stage cultivation. ALGAL RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Dianursanti, Rizkytata BT, Gumelar MT, Abdullah TH. Industrial Tofu Wastewater as a Cultivation Medium of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Stephens E, Ross IL, Mussgnug JH, Wagner LD, Borowitzka MA, Posten C, Kruse O, Hankamer B. Future prospects of microalgal biofuel production systems. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2010; 15:554-64. [PMID: 20655798 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2010.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate change mitigation, economic growth and stability, and the ongoing depletion of oil reserves are all major drivers for the development of economically rational, renewable energy technology platforms. Microalgae have re-emerged as a popular feedstock for the production of biofuels and other more valuable products. Even though integrated microalgal production systems have some clear advantages and present a promising alternative to highly controversial first generation biofuel systems, the associated hype has often exceeded the boundaries of reality. With a growing number of recent analyses demonstrating that despite the hype, these systems are conceptually sound and potentially sustainable given the available inputs, we review the research areas that are key to attaining economic reality and the future development of the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Stephens
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St. Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
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Matsunaga T, Takeyama H, Miyashita H, Yokouchi H. Marine microalgae. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2006; 96:165-88. [PMID: 16566091 DOI: 10.1007/b135784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine microalgae, the largest primary biomass, have been attracting attention as resources for new metabolites and biotechnologically useful genes. The diversified marine environment harbors a large variety of microalgae. In this paper, the biotechnological aspects and fundamental characteristics of marine microalgae are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Matsunaga
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588 Tokyo, Japan.
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Liu ZQ, Cui CH, Zhang YM. Studies of the effect on tumor and normal cells in vitro with bioactive materials isolated from algae by a microcalorimetric method. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 1991; 23:163-7. [PMID: 1940008 DOI: 10.1016/0165-022x(91)90063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recently much attention has been focused on the human physiological actions with bioactive materials from algae to enhance immunocompetence and to strengthen antineoplastic activity. In the study reported in this paper an MS 80 standard Calvet microcalorimeter was used for measuring the thermogram of HeLa, human breast carcinoma (Bcap-37) and diploid fibroblasts from human feral lung (2BS) under conditions with or without the presence of bioactive materials (Sp) from algae. At the same time, the cell number was counted, the inhibition rate of growth and the death rate were obtained. It has been shown that the Sp (100 micrograms/ml) was the growth inhibitor and lethal to tumor cells (Bcap-37 and HeLa), but had no influence on the normal (2BS) cells under the same conditions in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Q Liu
- Department of Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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18
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Hashimoto S, Furukawa K. Nutrient removal from secondary effluent by filamentous algae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0922-338x(89)90088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Boussiba S, Vonshak A, Cohen Z, Avissar Y, Richmond A. Lipid and biomass production by the halotolerant microalga Nannochloropsis salina. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-4565(87)90006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Lee YK. Enclosed bioreactors for the mass cultivation of photosynthetic microorganisms: the future trend. Trends Biotechnol 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-7799(86)90243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Richmond A, Grobbelaar JU. Factors affecting the output rate of Spirulina platensis with reference to mass cultivation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-4565(86)90002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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23
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Bedell GW. Stimulation of commercial algal biomass production by the use of geothermal water for temperature control. Biotechnol Bioeng 1985; 27:1063-6. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260270720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ip SY, Bridger JS. Comment on the paper ?the production ofSpirulina biomass? by Vonshak et al. Biotechnol Bioeng 1985; 27:902-4. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260270624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Microbial Biomass from Renewables: A Second Review of Alternatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-040307-3.50013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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