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Murata T, Iwadate M, Takizawa Y, Miyakoshi M, Hayase S, Yang W, Cai Y, Yokoyama S, Nagashima K, Wakabayashi Y, Zhu J, Kimura S. An Adult Mouse Thyroid Side Population Cell Line that Exhibits Enriched Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Thyroid 2017; 27:460-474. [PMID: 28125936 PMCID: PMC5346910 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of thyroid stem/progenitor cells have been hampered due to the small organ size and lack of tissue, which limits the yield of these cells. A continuous source that allows the study and characterization of thyroid stem/progenitor cells is desired to push the field forward. METHOD A cell line was established from Hoechst-resistant side population cells derived from mouse thyroid that were previously shown to contain stem/progenitor-like cells. Characterization of these cells were carried out by using in vitro two- and three-dimensional cultures and in vivo reconstitution of mice after orthotopic or intravenous injection, in conjunction with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunohisto(cyto)chemistry/immunofluorescence, and RNA seq analysis. RESULTS These cells were named SPTL (side population cell-derived thyroid cell line). Under low serum culturing conditions, SPTL cells expressed the thyroid differentiation marker NKX2-1, a transcription factor critical for thyroid differentiation and function, while no expression of other thyroid differentiation marker genes were observed. SPTL cells formed follicle-like structures in Matrigel® cultures, which did not express thyroid differentiation marker genes. In mouse models of orthotopic and intravenous injection, the latter following partial thyroidectomy, a few SPTL cells were found in part of the follicles, most of which expressed NKX2-1. SPTL cells highly express genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as demonstrated by RNA seq analysis, and exhibit a gene-expression pattern similar to anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that SPTL cells have the capacity to differentiate into thyroid to a limited degree. SPTL cells may provide an excellent tool to study stem cells, including cancer stem cells of the thyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Murata
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Manabu Iwadate
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yoshinori Takizawa
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Masaaki Miyakoshi
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Suguru Hayase
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wenjing Yang
- DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yan Cai
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shigetoshi Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kunio Nagashima
- Electron Microscope Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Yoshiyuki Wakabayashi
- DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jun Zhu
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shioko Kimura
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Jun Hong S, Rogers PI, Kihlken J, Warfel J, Bull C, Deuter-Reinhard M, Feng D, Xie J, Kyle A, Merfeld-Clauss S, Johnstone BH, Traktuev DO, Chen PS, Lindner JR, March KL. Intravenous xenogeneic transplantation of human adipose-derived stem cells improves left ventricular function and microvascular integrity in swine myocardial infarction model. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2015; 86:E38-48. [PMID: 24905889 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.25566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The potential for beneficial effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on myocardial perfusion and left ventricular dysfunction in myocardial ischemia (MI) has not been tested following intravenous delivery. METHODS Surviving pigs following induction of MI were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 different groups: the placebo group (n = 7), the single bolus group (SB) (n = 7, 15 × 10(7) ASCs), or the divided dose group (DD) (n = 7, 5 × 10(7) ASCs/day for three consecutive days). Myocardial perfusion defect area and coronary flow reserve (CFR) were compared during the 28-day follow-up. Also, serial changes in the absolute number of circulating CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T cells were measured. RESULTS The increases in ejection fraction were significantly greater in both the SB and the DD groups compared to the placebo group (5.4 ± 0.9%, 3.7 ± 0.7%, and -0.4 ± 0.6%, respectively), and the decrease in the perfusion defect area was significantly greater in the SB group than the placebo group (-36.3 ± 1.8 and -11.5 ± 2.8). CFR increased to a greater degree in the SB and the DD groups than in the placebo group (0.9 ± 0.2, 0.8 ± 0.1, and 0.2 ± 0.2, respectively). The circulating number of CD8(+) T cells was significantly greater in the SB and DD groups than the placebo group at day 7 (3,687 ± 317/µL, 3,454 ± 787/µL, and 1,928 ± 457/µL, respectively). The numbers of small vessels were significantly greater in the SB and the DD groups than the placebo group in the peri-infarct area. CONCLUSIONS Both intravenous SB and DD delivery of ASCs are effective modalities for the treatment of MI in swine. Intravenous delivery of ASCs, with its immunomodulatory and angiogenic effects, is an attractive noninvasive approach for myocardial rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Jun Hong
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Pamela I Rogers
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - John Kihlken
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jessica Warfel
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Chris Bull
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Maja Deuter-Reinhard
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Dongni Feng
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jie Xie
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Aaron Kyle
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Stephanie Merfeld-Clauss
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Brian H Johnstone
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Dmitry O Traktuev
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Peng-Sheng Chen
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Keith L March
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Hong SJ, Hou D, Brinton TJ, Johnstone B, Feng D, Rogers P, Fearon WF, Yock P, March KL. Intracoronary and retrograde coronary venous myocardial delivery of adipose-derived stem cells in swine infarction lead to transient myocardial trapping with predominant pulmonary redistribution. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2013; 83:E17-25. [PMID: 22972685 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.24659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the comparative fate of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) as well as their impact on coronary microcirculation following either retrograde coronary venous (RCV) or arterial delivery. BACKGROUND Local delivery of ASCs to the heart has been proposed as a practical approach to limiting the extent of myocardial infarction. Mouse models of mesenchymal stem cell effects on the heart have also demonstrated significant benefits from systemic (intravenous) delivery, prompting a question about the advantage of local delivery. There has been no study addressing the extent of myocardial vs. systemic disposition of ASCs in large animal models following local delivery to the myocardium. METHODS In an initial experiment, dose-dependent effects of ASC delivery on coronary circulation in normal swine were evaluated to establish a tolerable ASC dosing range for intracoronary (IC) delivery. In a set of subsequent experiments, an anterior acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was created by balloon occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery, followed by either IC or RCV infusion of 10(7) (111)Indium-labeled autologous ASCs 6 days following AMI. Indices of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) were measured before sacrifices to collect tissues for analysis at 1 or 24 hr after cell delivery. RESULTS IC delivery of porcine ASCs to normal myocardium was well tolerated up to a cumulative dose of 14 × 10(6) cells (approximately 0.5 × 10(6) cells/kg). There was evidence suggesting microcirculatory trapping of ASC: at unit doses of 50 × 10(6) ASCs, IMR and CFR were found to be persistently altered in the target LAD distribution at 7 days following delivery, whereas at 10 × 10(6) ASCs, only CFR was altered. In the context of recent MI, a significantly higher percentage of ASCs was retained at 1 hr with IC delivery compared with RCV delivery (57.2 ± 12.7% vs. 17.9 ± 1.6%, P = 0.037) but this initial difference was not apparent at 24 hr (22.6 ± 5.5% vs. 18.7 ± 8.6%; P = 0.722). In both approaches, most ASC redistributed to the pulmonary circulation by 24 hr postdelivery. There were no significant differences in CFR or IMR following ASC delivery to infarcted tissue by either route. CONCLUSIONS Selective intravascular delivery of ASC by coronary arterial and venous routes leads to similarly limited myocardial cell retention with predominant redistribution of cells to the lungs. IC arterial delivery of ASC leads to only transiently greater myocardial retention, which is accompanied by obstruction of normal regions of coronary microcirculation at higher doses. The predominant intrapulmonary localization of cells following local delivery via both methods prompts the notion that systemic delivery of ASC might provide similarly beneficial outcomes while avoiding risks of inadvertent microcirculatory compromise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Jun Hong
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis; Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indianapolis; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Schulte JB, Simionescu A, Simionescu DT. The acellular myocardial flap: a novel extracellular matrix scaffold enriched with patent microvascular networks and biocompatible cell niches. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2013; 19:518-30. [PMID: 23151037 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2012.0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a great need for acellular, fully vascularized, and biocompatible myocardial scaffolds that provide agreeable biological, nutritional, and biomechanical niches for reseeded cells for in vitro and in vivo applications. We generated myocardial flap scaffolds comprising porcine left-anterior ventricular myocardium and its associated coronary arteries and veins and investigated the combinatorial effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) perfusion on both the myocardial extracellular matrix (ECM) and the vascular ECM. Results showed that all scaffolds displayed a fully intact and patent vasculature, with arterial burst pressures indistinguishable from native coronary arteries and perfusion to the level of capillaries. Scaffolds were free of cellular proteins and retained collagen and elastin ECM components, exhibited excellent mechanical properties, and were cytocompatible toward relevant seeded cells. SDS perfusion preserved collagen IV, laminin, and fibronectin well, but only reduced DNA content by 33%; however, this was further improved by post-SDS nuclease treatments. By comparison, NaOH was very effective in removing cells and eliminated more than 95% of tissue DNA, but also significantly reduced levels of laminin and fibronectin. Such constructs can be readily trimmed to match the size of the infarct and might be able to functionally integrate within host myocardium and be nourished by direct anastomotic connection with the host's own vasculature; they might also be useful as physiologically accurate models for in vitro studies of cardiac physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason B Schulte
- Biocompatibility and Tissue Regeneration Laboratories, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
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