1
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Hang Y, Wang A, Wu N. Plasmonic silver and gold nanoparticles: shape- and structure-modulated plasmonic functionality for point-of-caring sensing, bio-imaging and medical therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2932-2971. [PMID: 38380656 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00793f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Silver and gold nanoparticles have found extensive biomedical applications due to their strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and intriguing plasmonic properties. This review article focuses on the correlation among particle geometry, plasmon properties and biomedical applications. It discusses how particle shape and size are tailored via controllable synthetic approaches, and how plasmonic properties are tuned by particle shape and size, which are embodied by nanospheres, nanorods, nanocubes, nanocages, nanostars and core-shell composites. This article summarizes the design strategies for the use of silver and gold nanoparticles in plasmon-enhanced fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), electroluminescence, and photoelectrochemistry. It especially discusses how to use plasmonic nanoparticles to construct optical probes including colorimetric, SERS and plasmonic fluorescence probes (labels/reporters). It also demonstrates the employment of Ag and Au nanoparticles in polymer- and paper-based microfluidic devices for point-of-care testing (POCT). In addition, this article highlights how to utilize plasmonic nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo bio-imaging based on SERS, fluorescence, photoacoustic and dark-field models. Finally, this article shows perspectives in plasmon-enhanced photothermal and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Hang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003-9303, USA.
| | - Anyang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003-9303, USA.
| | - Nianqiang Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003-9303, USA.
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2
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Cai S, Jin Y, Lin Y, He Y, Zhang P, Ge Z, Yang W. Micromixing within microfluidic devices: Fundamentals, design, and fabrication. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:061503. [PMID: 38098692 PMCID: PMC10718651 DOI: 10.1063/5.0178396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
As one of the hot spots in the field of microfluidic chip research, micromixers have been widely used in chemistry, biology, and medicine due to their small size, fast response time, and low reagent consumption. However, at low Reynolds numbers, the fluid motion relies mainly on the diffusive motion of molecules under laminar flow conditions. The detrimental effect of laminar flow leads to difficulties in achieving rapid and efficient mixing of fluids in microchannels. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance fluid mixing by employing some external means. In this paper, the classification and mixing principles of passive (T-type, Y-type, obstructed, serpentine, three-dimensional) and active (acoustic, electric, pressure, thermal, magnetic field) micromixers are reviewed based on the presence or absence of external forces in the micromixers, and some experiments and applications of each type of micromixer are briefly discussed. Finally, the future development trends of micromixers are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiang Cai
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yawen Jin
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yun Lin
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yingzheng He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Naval Aviation University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Peifan Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Naval Aviation University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Zhixing Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenguang Yang
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
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3
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Musile G, Grazioli C, Fornasaro S, Dossi N, De Palo EF, Tagliaro F, Bortolotti F. Application of Paper-Based Microfluidic Analytical Devices (µPAD) in Forensic and Clinical Toxicology: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:743. [PMID: 37504142 PMCID: PMC10377625 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The need for providing rapid and, possibly, on-the-spot analytical results in the case of intoxication has prompted researchers to develop rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective methods and analytical devices suitable for use in nonspecialized laboratories and at the point of need (PON). In recent years, the technology of paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs) has undergone rapid development and now provides a feasible, low-cost alternative to traditional rapid tests for detecting harmful compounds. In fact, µPADs have been developed to detect toxic molecules (arsenic, cyanide, ethanol, and nitrite), drugs, and drugs of abuse (benzodiazepines, cathinones, cocaine, fentanyl, ketamine, MDMA, morphine, synthetic cannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol, and xylazine), and also psychoactive substances used for drug-facilitated crimes (flunitrazepam, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), ketamine, metamizole, midazolam, and scopolamine). The present report critically evaluates the recent developments in paper-based devices, particularly in detection methods, and how these new analytical tools have been tested in forensic and clinical toxicology, also including future perspectives on their application, such as multisensing paper-based devices, microfluidic paper-based separation, and wearable paper-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Musile
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Cristian Grazioli
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Fornasaro
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Elio Franco De Palo
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Franco Tagliaro
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomics Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Federica Bortolotti
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
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4
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Ebrahimi G, Pakchin PS, Mota A, Omidian H, Omidi Y. Electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical devices for cancer biomarker detection: From 2D to 3D sensing systems. Talanta 2023; 257:124370. [PMID: 36858013 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) offer a unique possibility for a cost-effective portable and rapid detection of a wide range of small molecules and macromolecules and even microorganisms. In this line, electrochemical detection methods are key techniques for the qualitative analysis of different types of ligands. The electrochemical sensing μPADs have been devised for the rapid, accurate, and quantitative detection of oncomarkers through two-/three-dimensional (2D/3D) approaches. The 2D μPADs were first developed and then transformed into 3D systems via folding and/or twisting of paper. The microfluidic channels and connections were created within the layers of paper. Based on the fabrication methods, 3D μPADs can be classified into origami and stacking devices. Various fabrication methods and materials have been used to create hydrophilic channels in μPADs, among which the wax printing technique is the most common method in fabricating μPADs. In this review, we discuss the fabrication and design strategies of μPADs, elaborate on their detection modes, and highlight their applications in affinity-based electrochemical μPADs methods for the detection of oncomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Ebrahimi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Samadi Pakchin
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mota
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Omidian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA.
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5
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Curulli A. Functional Nanomaterials Enhancing Electrochemical Biosensors as Smart Tools for Detecting Infectious Viral Diseases. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093777. [PMID: 37175186 PMCID: PMC10180161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors are known as analytical tools, guaranteeing rapid and on-site results in medical diagnostics, food safety, environmental protection, and life sciences research. Current research focuses on developing sensors for specific targets and addresses challenges to be solved before their commercialization. These challenges typically include the lowering of the limit of detection, the widening of the linear concentration range, the analysis of real samples in a real environment and the comparison with a standard validation method. Nowadays, functional nanomaterials are designed and applied in electrochemical biosensing to support all these challenges. This review will address the integration of functional nanomaterials in the development of electrochemical biosensors for the rapid diagnosis of viral infections, such as COVID-19, middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS), influenza, hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and dengue, among others. The role and relevance of the nanomaterial, the type of biosensor, and the electrochemical technique adopted will be discussed. Finally, the critical issues in applying laboratory research to the analysis of real samples, future perspectives, and commercialization aspects of electrochemical biosensors for virus detection will be analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Curulli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), 00161 Rome, Italy
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6
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Korotcenkov G. Paper-Based Humidity Sensors as Promising Flexible Devices: State of the Art: Part 1. General Consideration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13061110. [PMID: 36986004 PMCID: PMC10059663 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In the first part of the review article "General considerations" we give information about conventional flexible platforms and consider the advantages and disadvantages of paper when used in humidity sensors, both as a substrate and as a humidity-sensitive material. This consideration shows that paper, especially nanopaper, is a very promising material for the development of low-cost flexible humidity sensors suitable for a wide range of applications. Various humidity-sensitive materials suitable for use in paper-based sensors are analyzed and the humidity-sensitive characteristics of paper and other humidity-sensitive materials are compared. Various configurations of humidity sensors that can be developed on the basis of paper are considered, and a description of the mechanisms of their operation is given. Next, we discuss the manufacturing features of paper-based humidity sensors. The main attention is paid to the consideration of such problems as patterning and electrode formation. It is shown that printing technologies are the most suitable for mass production of paper-based flexible humidity sensors. At the same time, these technologies are effective both in the formation of a humidity-sensitive layer and in the manufacture of electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova
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7
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Ye Z, Yuan Y, Zhan S, Liu W, Fang L, Li T. Paper-based microfluidics in sweat detection: from design to application. Analyst 2023; 148:1175-1188. [PMID: 36861489 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01818g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Sweat, as a sample that includes a lot of biochemical information, is good for non-invasive monitoring. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies on in situ monitoring of sweat. However, there are still some challenges for the continuous analysis of samples. As a hydrophilic, easy-to-process, environmentally friendly, inexpensive and easily accessible material, paper is an ideal substrate material for making in situ sweat analysis microfluidics. This review introduces the development of paper as a sweat analysis microfluidic substrate material, focusing on the advantages of the structural characteristics of paper, trench design and equipment integration applications to expand the design and research ideas for the development of in situ sweat detection technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Yuyang Yuan
- Department of Translational Medicine & Clinical Research, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China. .,Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Shaowei Zhan
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Lu Fang
- Department of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310028, China.
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Translational Medicine & Clinical Research, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China. .,National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
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8
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Palladium-platinum bimetallic nanomaterials and their application in Staphylococcus aureus detection on paper-based devices. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114669. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Curulli A. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Sensing Strategies for Food Allergen Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070503. [PMID: 35884306 PMCID: PMC9313194 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy has been indicated as the most frequent adverse reaction to food ingredients over the past few years. Since the only way to avoid the occurrence of allergic phenomena is to eliminate allergenic foods, it is essential to have complete and accurate information on the components of foodstuff. In this framework, it is mandatory and crucial to provide fast, cost-effective, affordable, and reliable analysis methods for the screening of specific allergen content in food products. This review reports the research advancements concerning food allergen detection, involving electrochemical biosensors. It focuses on the sensing strategies evidencing different types of recognition elements such as antibodies, nucleic acids, and cells, among others, the nanomaterial role, the several electrochemical techniques involved and last, but not least, the ad hoc electrodic surface modification approaches. Moreover, a selection of the most recent electrochemical sensors for allergen detection are reported and critically analyzed in terms of the sensors’ analytical performances. Finally, advantages, limitations, and potentialities for practical applications of electrochemical biosensors for allergens are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Curulli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), 00161 Rome, Italy
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10
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Simultaneous enrichment and separation based on ion concentration polarization effect on a paper based analytical device. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1208:339844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Li Z, Wu S, Ji J, Bai Y, Jia P, Gong Y, Feng S, Li F. Ball pen writing-without-ink: a truly simple and accessible method for sensitivity enhancement in lateral flow assays. RSC Adv 2022; 12:2068-2073. [PMID: 35425219 PMCID: PMC8979190 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (LFAs), a popular point-of-care testing platform, have found widespread applications from laboratory to clinics. However, LFA-based testing is still subject to limited detection sensitivity, especially for classical gold nanoparticle-based LFAs. Inspired by traditional pen-based writing technologies, we developed a ball pen writing-without-ink method to amplify the detection signal of LFAs through controlling fluid flow rate. An enhancement of detection sensitivity by two times was obtained. Since the underlying mechanism of this method to improve detection sensitivity is to control the flow rate of the liquid on paper, it may be suitable for most paper-based platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Shuang Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Yuemeng Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Pengpeng Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Yan Gong
- Suzhou DiYinAn Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Suzhou 215010 P. R. China
| | - Shangsheng Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China .,Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
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12
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Ibrahim OA, Navarro-Segarra M, Sadeghi P, Sabaté N, Esquivel JP, Kjeang E. Microfluidics for Electrochemical Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2022; 122:7236-7266. [PMID: 34995463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical energy conversion is an important supplement for storage and on-demand use of renewable energy. In this regard, microfluidics offers prospects to raise the efficiency and rate of electrochemical energy conversion through enhanced mass transport, flexible cell design, and ability to eliminate the physical ion-exchange membrane, an essential yet costly element in conventional electrochemical cells. Since the 2002 invention of the microfluidic fuel cell, the research field of microfluidics for electrochemical energy conversion has expanded into a great variety of cell designs, fabrication techniques, and device functions with a wide range of utility and applications. The present review aims to comprehensively synthesize the best practices in this field over the past 20 years. The underlying fundamentals and research methods are first summarized, followed by a complete assessment of all research contributions wherein microfluidics was proactively utilized to facilitate energy conversion in conjunction with electrochemical cells, such as fuel cells, flow batteries, electrolysis cells, hybrid cells, and photoelectrochemical cells. Moreover, emerging technologies and analytical tools enabled by microfluidics are also discussed. Lastly, opportunities for future research directions and technology advances are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A Ibrahim
- Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, V3T 0A3 Surrey, British Columbia Canada.,Fuelium S.L., Edifici Eureka, Av. Can Domènech S/N, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Marina Navarro-Segarra
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/dels Til·lers sn, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Pardis Sadeghi
- Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, V3T 0A3 Surrey, British Columbia Canada
| | - Neus Sabaté
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/dels Til·lers sn, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Esquivel
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/dels Til·lers sn, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain.,BCMaterials, Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Erik Kjeang
- Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, V3T 0A3 Surrey, British Columbia Canada
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13
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Hasandka A, Singh AR, Prabhu A, Singhal HR, Nandagopal MSG, Mani NK. Paper and thread as media for the frugal detection of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:847-865. [PMID: 34668042 PMCID: PMC8724062 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) make up a significant proportion of the global burden of disease in vulnerable groups and tend to substantially impair the quality of life of those affected, making timely detection of UTIs a priority for public health. However, economic and societal barriers drastically reduce accessibility of traditional lab-based testing methods for critical patient groups in low-resource areas, negatively affecting their overall healthcare outcomes. As a result, cellulose-based materials such as paper and thread have garnered significant interest among researchers as substrates for so-called frugal analytical devices which leverage the material's portability and adaptability for facile and reproducible diagnoses of UTIs. Although the field may be only in its infancy, strategies aimed at commercial penetration can appreciably increase access to more healthcare options for at-risk people. In this review, we catalogue recent advances in devices that use cellulose-based materials as the primary housing or medium for UTI detection and chart out trends in the field. We also explore different modalities employed for detection, with particular emphasis on their ability to be ported onto discreet casings such as sanitary products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrutha Hasandka
- Microfluidics, Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory (μSenD), Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ankita Ramchandran Singh
- Microfluidics, Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory (μSenD), Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Anusha Prabhu
- Microfluidics, Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory (μSenD), Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Hardik Ramesh Singhal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - M S Giri Nandagopal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Mani
- Microfluidics, Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory (μSenD), Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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14
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Zhang H, Xia C, Feng G, Fang J. Hospitals and Laboratories on Paper-Based Sensors: A Mini Review. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21185998. [PMID: 34577205 PMCID: PMC8472957 DOI: 10.3390/s21185998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With characters of low cost, portability, easy disposal, and high accuracy, as well as bulky reduced laboratory equipment, paper-based sensors are getting increasing attention for reliable indoor/outdoor onsite detection with nonexpert operation. They have become powerful analysis tools in trace detection with ultra-low detection limits and extremely high accuracy, resulting in their great popularity in medical detection, environmental inspection, and other applications. Herein, we summarize and generalize the recently reported paper-based sensors based on their application for mechanics, biomolecules, food safety, and environmental inspection. Based on the biological, physical, and chemical analytes-sensitive electrical or optical signals, extensive detections of a large number of factors such as humidity, pressure, nucleic acid, protein, sugar, biomarkers, metal ions, and organic/inorganic chemical substances have been reported via paper-based sensors. Challenges faced by the current paper-based sensors from the fundamental problems and practical applications are subsequently analyzed; thus, the future directions of paper-based sensors are specified for their rapid handheld testing.
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15
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Fully integrated sampler and dilutor in an electrochemical paper-based device for glucose sensing. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:302. [PMID: 34417662 PMCID: PMC8379134 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An electroanalytical platform capable to take and dilute the sample has been designed in order to fully integrate the different steps of the analytical process in only one device. The concept is based on the addition of glass-fiber pads for sampling and diluting to an electrochemical cell combining a paper-based working electrode with low-cost connector headers as counter and reference electrodes. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this all-in-one platform for biosensing applications, an enzymatic sensor for glucose determination (requiring a potential as low as −0.1 V vs. gold-plated wire by using ferrocyanide as mediator) was developed. Real food samples, such as cola beverages and orange juice, have been analyzed with the bioelectroanalytical lab-on-paper platform. As a proof-of-concept, and trying to go further in the integration of steps, sucrose was successfully detected by depositing invertase in the sampling strip. This enzyme hydrolyzes sucrose into fructose and glucose, which was determined using the enzymatic biosensor. This approach opens the pathway for the development of devices applying the lab-on-paper concept, saving costs and time, and making possible to perform decentralized analysis with high accuracy.
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16
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Delamarche E, Temiz Y, Lovchik RD, Christiansen MG, Schuerle S. Capillary Microfluidics for Monitoring Medication Adherence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuksel Temiz
- IBM Research Europe Saeumerstrasse 4 Rueschlikon Switzerland
| | | | - Michael G. Christiansen
- Institute for Translational Medicine Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5/10 8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Simone Schuerle
- Institute for Translational Medicine Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5/10 8092 Zurich Switzerland
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17
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Kim M, Kwon Y, Ahn Y. Paper-based mediatorless enzymatic microfluidic biofuel cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 190:113391. [PMID: 34118761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, eco-friendly and disposable paper-based membraneless microfluidic enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs) were developed without any mediators to reduce the toxicity and cost of EFCs. Glucose oxidase and laccase were immobilized on multi-walled carbon nanotube electrodes to catalyze the redox reaction of glucose and oxygen. Micromachining techniques well-suited for mass production were used to precisely fabricate micro-scale Y-shaped and cross-shaped EFCs. Experimental measurements showed that the concentration of glucose in the fuel solution affects the cell performance, which occurs because the flow speed of the fuel stream decreases as the concentration of glucose increases. The highest performance of power density (104.2 ± 3.35 μW cm-2) and current density (615.6 ± 3.14 μA cm-2) were obtained with the Y-shaped channel configuration at a glucose concentration of 100 mM. This performance is the best of all paper-based single EFCs reported to date. The new paper-based co-laminar flow mediatorless EFC exhibits strong potential to power miniaturized and portable on-site diagnostic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myunghun Kim
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, South Korea
| | - Youngju Kwon
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, South Korea
| | - Yoomin Ahn
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, South Korea.
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18
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Paixão GA, Souza TG, Pradela Filho LA, Ferreira MV, Takeuchi RM, Assunção RMN, Kikuti E. Low‐cost
conductive films based on graphite and cellulose acetate as promising electroanalytical platforms. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme A. Paixão
- Department Center of Education and Human Sciences Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
| | - Thaís G. Souza
- Pontal Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences Federal University of Uberlândia Ituiutaba Brazil
| | | | - Marcos V. Ferreira
- Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Regina M. Takeuchi
- Pontal Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences Federal University of Uberlândia Ituiutaba Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Rosana M. N. Assunção
- Pontal Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences Federal University of Uberlândia Ituiutaba Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Elaine Kikuti
- Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia Brazil
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19
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Delamarche E, Temiz Y, Lovchik RD, Christiansen MG, Schuerle S. Capillary Microfluidics for Monitoring Medication Adherence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17784-17796. [PMID: 33710725 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Medication adherence is a medical and societal issue worldwide, with approximately half of patients failing to adhere to prescribed treatments. The goal of this Minireview is to examine how recent work on microfluidics for point-of-care diagnostics may be used to enhance adherence to medication. It specifically focuses on capillary microfluidics since these devices are self-powered, easy to use, and well established for diagnostics and drug monitoring. Considering that an improvement in medication adherence can have a much larger effect than the development of new medical treatments, it is long overdue for the research communities working in chemistry, biology, pharmacology, and material sciences to consider developing technologies to enhance medication adherence. For these reasons, this Minireview is not meant to be exhaustive but rather to provide a quick starting point for researchers interested in joining this complex but intriguing and exciting field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuksel Temiz
- IBM Research Europe, Saeumerstrasse 4, Rueschlikon, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael G Christiansen
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simone Schuerle
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Lukyanov AV, Mitkin VV, Pryer T, Sirimark P, Theofanous TG. Capillary transport in paper porous materials at low saturation levels: normal, fast or superfast? Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 476:20200488. [PMID: 33408557 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2020.0488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The problem of capillary transport in fibrous porous materials at low levels of liquid saturation has been addressed. It has been demonstrated that the process of liquid spreading in this type of porous material at low saturation can be described macroscopically by a similar super-fast, nonlinear diffusion model to that which had been previously identified in experiments and simulations in particulate porous media. The macroscopic diffusion model has been underpinned by simulations using a microscopic network model. The theoretical results have been qualitatively compared with available experimental observations within the witness card technique using persistent liquids. The long-term evolution of the wetting spots was found to be truly universal and fully in line with the mathematical model developed. The result has important repercussions for the witness card technique used in field measurements of the dissemination of various low-volatility agents in imposing severe restrictions on collection and measurement times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex V Lukyanov
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, UK.,P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Mitkin
- Aerospace Research Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Tristan Pryer
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Penpark Sirimark
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin, Thailand
| | - Theo G Theofanous
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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21
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Jamal RB, Shipovskov S, Ferapontova EE. Electrochemical Immuno- and Aptamer-Based Assays for Bacteria: Pros and Cons over Traditional Detection Schemes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5561. [PMID: 32998409 PMCID: PMC7582323 DOI: 10.3390/s20195561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Microbiological safety of the human environment and health needs advanced monitoring tools both for the specific detection of bacteria in complex biological matrices, often in the presence of excessive amounts of other bacterial species, and for bacteria quantification at a single cell level. Here, we discuss the existing electrochemical approaches for bacterial analysis that are based on the biospecific recognition of whole bacterial cells. Perspectives of such assays applications as emergency-use biosensors for quick analysis of trace levels of bacteria by minimally trained personnel are argued.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena E. Ferapontova
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (R.B.J.); (S.S.)
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22
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Sfragano PS, Laschi S, Palchetti I. Sustainable Printed Electrochemical Platforms for Greener Analytics. Front Chem 2020; 8:644. [PMID: 32850659 PMCID: PMC7406795 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of miniaturized electrochemical platforms holds considerable importance for the in situ analytical monitoring of clinical, environmental, food, and forensic samples. However, it is crucial to pay attention to the sustainability of materials chosen to fabricate these devices, in order to decrease the amount and the impact of waste coming from their production and use. In the framework of a circular economy and an environmental footprint reduction, the electrochemical sensor production technology must discover the potentiality of innovative approaches based on techniques and materials that can satisfy the needs of environmental-friendly and greener analytics. The aim of this review is to describe some of the printing technologies most used for sensor production, including screen-printing, inkjet-printing, and 3D-printing, and the low-impact materials that are recently proposed for these techniques, such as polylactic acid, cellulose, silk proteins, biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ilaria Palchetti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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23
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Mazurkiewicz W, Podrażka M, Jarosińska E, Kappalakandy Valapil K, Wiloch M, Jönsson‐Niedziółka M, Witkowska Nery E. Paper‐Based Electrochemical Sensors and How to Make Them (Work). ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Mazurkiewicz
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Marta Podrażka
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jarosińska
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Wiloch
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Emilia Witkowska Nery
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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