1
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Meitinger N, Mandal S, Sorsche D, Pannwitz A, Rau S. Red Light Absorption of [Re I(CO) 3(α-diimine)Cl] Complexes through Extension of the 4,4'-Bipyrimidine Ligand's π-System. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041905. [PMID: 36838893 PMCID: PMC9964139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhenium(I) complexes of type [Re(CO)3(NN)Cl] (NN = α-diimine) with MLCT absorption in the orange-red region of the visible spectrum have been synthesized and fully characterized, including single crystal X-ray diffraction on two complexes. The strong bathochromic shift of MLCT absorption was achieved through extension of the π-system of the electron-poor bidiazine ligand 4,4'-bipyrimidine by the addition of fused phenyl rings, resulting in 4,4'-biquinazoline. Furthermore, upon anionic cyclization of the twisted bidiazine, a new 4N-doped perylene ligand, namely, 1,3,10,12-tetraazaperylene, was obtained. Electrochemical characterization revealed a significant stabilization of the LUMO in this series, with the first reduction of the azaperylene found at E1/2(0/-) = -1.131 V vs. Fc+/Fc, which is the most anodic half-wave potential observed for N-doped perylene derivatives so far. The low LUMO energies were directly correlated to the photophysical properties of the respective complexes, resulting in a strongly red-shifted MLCT absorption band in chloroform with a λmax = 586 nm and high extinction coefficients (ε586nm > 5000 M-1 cm-1) ranging above 700 nm in the case of the tetraazaperylene complex. Such low-energy MLCT absorption is highly unusual for Re(I) α-diimine complexes, for which these bands are typically found in the near UV. The reported 1,3,10,12-tetraazaperylene complex displayed the [Re(CO)3(α-diimine)Cl] complex with the strongest MLCT red shift ever reported. UV-Vis NIR spectroelectrochemical investigations gave further insights into the nature and stability of the reduced states. The electron-poor ligands explored herein open up a new path for designing metal complexes with strongly red-shifted absorption, thus enabling photocatalysis and photomedical applications with low-energy, tissue-penetrating red light in future.
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2
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Bononi G, Iacopini D, Cicio G, Di Pietro S, Granchi C, Di Bussolo V, Minutolo F. Glycoconjugated Metal Complexes as Cancer Diagnostic and Therapeutic Agents. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:30-64. [PMID: 32735702 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of selectively delivering metal complexes to a defined cohort of cells on the basis of their metabolic features is a highly challenging goal, which may be extremely useful for a series of purposes, including diagnosis and therapy of pathological states, such as cancer. Tumor cells display augmented requests for carbohydrates and, in particular, for glucose in order to sustain their high proliferation rate, which causes an increased glycolytic process (Warburg effect). Since several metal complexes display diagnostic and/or therapeutic properties, their conjugation to carbohydrate portions often induce their preferential accumulation in cancer cells, similarly to what is observed with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). In this review we have considered the latest developments of glycoconjugates containing metal complexes in their structures. These compounds are classified as diagnostic or therapeutic agents and are further systematically discussed on the basis of the metal atom they contain. Several diagnostic techniques are possible with these probes, since, depending on the metal species included in their structures, they may be employed in nuclear medicine (PET, SPECT), magnetic resonance imaging, luminescence and phosphorescence. At the same time, the lack of selective cytotoxicity displayed by several metal-based chemotherapeutic agents, may also be solved by the conjugation of these agents to carbohydrate portions. Overall, data so far available reveal the great potential of this chemical class in the early detection and in the cure of severe neoplastic diseases, which still needs to be fully explored in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bononi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dalila Iacopini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gaspare Cicio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Current address: Menarini Ricerche S.p.A. -, Laboratori di Pisa, Via Livornese 897, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Di Pietro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Granchi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valeria Di Bussolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Minutolo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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3
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Gómez A, Jara G, Flores E, Maldonado T, Godoy F, Muñoz-Osses M, Vega A, Mera R, Silva C, Pavez J. Synthesis of mono/dinuclear rhenium(i) tricarbonyl substituted with 4-mercaptopyridine related ligands: spectral and theoretical evidence of thiolate/thione interconversion. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02328k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
κ1-S complexes show solvent-mediated tautomerism. The S–S bridge cleavage in κ1-N derivatives is attributed to the presence of a proton source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Gómez
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Geraldine Jara
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Erick Flores
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Tamara Maldonado
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Fernando Godoy
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Michelle Muñoz-Osses
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Andrés Vega
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Andrés Bello
- Viña del Mar
- Chile
| | - Raul Mera
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Carlos Silva
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Jorge Pavez
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
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4
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Knopf KM, Murphy BL, MacMillan SN, Baskin JM, Barr MP, Boros E, Wilson JJ. In Vitro Anticancer Activity and in Vivo Biodistribution of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Aqua Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14302-14314. [PMID: 28948792 PMCID: PMC8091166 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Seven rhenium(I) complexes of the general formula fac-[Re(CO)3(NN)(OH2)]+ where NN = 2,2'-bipyridine (8), 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (9), 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine (10), dimethyl 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylate (11), 1,10-phenanthroline (12), 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (13), or 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (14), were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. With the exception of 11, all complexes exhibited 50% growth inhibitory concentration (IC50) values that were less than 20 μM in HeLa cells, indicating that these compounds represent a new potential class of anticancer agents. Complexes 9, 10, and 13 were as effective in cisplatin-resistant cells as wild-type cells, signifying that they circumvent cisplatin resistance. The mechanism of action of the most potent complex, 13, was explored further by leveraging its intrinsic luminescence properties to determine its intracellular localization. These studies indicated that 13 induces cytoplasmic vacuolization that is lysosomal in nature. Additional in vitro assays indicated that 13 induces cell death without causing an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species or depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Further studies revealed that the mode of cell death does not fall into one of the canonical categories such as apoptosis, necrosis, paraptosis, and autophagy, suggesting that a novel mode of action may be operative for this class of rhenium compounds. The in vivo biodistribution and metabolism of complex 13 and its 99mTc analogue 13* were also evaluated in naı̈ve mice. Complexes 13 and 13* exhibited comparable biodistribution profiles with both hepatic and renal excretion. High-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) analysis of mouse blood plasma and urine postadministration showed considerable metabolic stability of 13, rendering this potent complex suitable for in vivo applications. These studies have shown the biological properties of this class of compounds and demonstrated their potential as promising theranostic anticancer agents that can circumvent cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Knopf
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Brendan L. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jeremy M. Baskin
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Weill Institute for Cell & Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Martin P. Barr
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eszter Boros
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13 Street, Suite 2301, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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5
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Prokop A, Czaplewska JA, Clausen M, König M, Wild A, Thorwirth R, Schulze B, Babiuch K, Pretzel D, Schubert US, Gottschaldt M. Iridium(III) Complexes of Terpyridine- and Terpyridine-Analogous Ligands Bearing Sugar Residues and Their in vitro Activity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aram Prokop
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Children's Hospital Cologne; Amsterdamer Strasse 59 50735 Cologne Germany
| | - Justyna A. Czaplewska
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Mara Clausen
- Charité Berlin; Augustenburgerplatz 1 13353 Berlin Germany
| | - Marcel König
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Children's Hospital Cologne; Amsterdamer Strasse 59 50735 Cologne Germany
| | - Andreas Wild
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Rico Thorwirth
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Benjamin Schulze
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Krzysztof Babiuch
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - David Pretzel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Michael Gottschaldt
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
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6
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Leygue N, Boulay A, Galaup C, Benoist E, Laurent S, Vander Elst L, Mestre-Voegtlé B, Picard C. Optical and relaxometric properties of monometallic (EuIII, TbIII, GdIII) and heterobimetallic (ReI/GdIII) systems based on a functionalized bipyridine-containing acyclic ligand. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:8379-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00405a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical and relaxometric properties, in aqueous solution, of Ln-BPMNTA complexes and a derived ReI/GdIII dinuclear complex are reported in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Leygue
- CNRS
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- SPCMIB
- UMR-5068
- F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9
| | - Alexandre Boulay
- CNRS
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- SPCMIB
- UMR-5068
- F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9
| | - Chantal Galaup
- CNRS
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- SPCMIB
- UMR-5068
- F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9
| | - Eric Benoist
- CNRS
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- SPCMIB
- UMR-5068
- F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9
| | - Sophie Laurent
- NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory
- Department of General
- Organic and Biomedical Chemistry
- University of Mons
- B-7000 Mons
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory
- Department of General
- Organic and Biomedical Chemistry
- University of Mons
- B-7000 Mons
| | - Béatrice Mestre-Voegtlé
- CNRS
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- SPCMIB
- UMR-5068
- F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9
| | - Claude Picard
- CNRS
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique
- SPCMIB
- UMR-5068
- F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9
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7
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Czaplewska JA, Theil F, Altuntas E, Niksch T, Freesmeyer M, Happ B, Pretzel D, Schäfer H, Obata M, Yano S, Schubert US, Gottschaldt M. Glycoconjugated Rhenium(I) and 99m-Technetium(I) Carbonyl Complexes from Pyridyltriazole Ligands Obtained by “Click Chemistry”. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Leonidova A, Gasser G. Underestimated potential of organometallic rhenium complexes as anticancer agents. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:2180-93. [PMID: 25137157 DOI: 10.1021/cb500528c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the recent years, organometallic compounds have become recognized as promising anti-cancer drug candidates. While radioactive (186/188)Re compounds are already used in clinics for cancer treatment, cold Re organometallic compounds have mostly been explored as luminescent probes for cell imaging and photosensitizers in photocatalysis. However, a growing number of studies have recently revealed the potential of Re organometallic complexes as anti-cancer agents. Several compounds have displayed cytotoxicity equaling or exceeding that of the well-established anti-cancer drug cisplatin. In this review, we present the currently known Re organometallic complexes that have shown anti-proliferative activity on cancer cell lines. A particular emphasis is placed on their cellular uptake and localization as well as their potential mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leonidova
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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9
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Kharissova OV, Méndez-Rojas MA, Kharisov BI, Méndez UO, Martínez PE. Metal complexes containing natural and and artificial radioactive elements and their applications. Molecules 2014; 19:10755-802. [PMID: 25061724 PMCID: PMC6272025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190810755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances (during the 2007–2014 period) in the coordination and organometallic chemistry of compounds containing natural and artificially prepared radionuclides (actinides and technetium), are reviewed. Radioactive isotopes of naturally stable elements are not included for discussion in this work. Actinide and technetium complexes with O-, N-, N,O, N,S-, P-containing ligands, as well π-organometallics are discussed from the view point of their synthesis, properties, and main applications. On the basis of their properties, several mono-, bi-, tri-, tetra- or polydentate ligands have been designed for specific recognition of some particular radionuclides, and can be used in the processes of nuclear waste remediation, i.e., recycling of nuclear fuel and the separation of actinides and fission products from waste solutions or for analytical determination of actinides in solutions; actinide metal complexes are also usefulas catalysts forcoupling gaseous carbon monoxide, as well as antimicrobial and anti-fungi agents due to their biological activity. Radioactive labeling based on the short-lived metastable nuclide technetium-99m (99mTc) for biomedical use as heart, lung, kidney, bone, brain, liver or cancer imaging agents is also discussed. Finally, the promising applications of technetium labeling of nanomaterials, with potential applications as drug transport and delivery vehicles, radiotherapeutic agents or radiotracers for monitoring metabolic pathways, are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana V Kharissova
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Monterrey, N.L. C.P. 66450, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Méndez-Rojas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Sta. Catarina Mártir, Cholula, Puebla. C.P. 72810, Mexico
| | - Boris I Kharisov
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Monterrey, N.L. C.P. 66450, Mexico.
| | - Ubaldo Ortiz Méndez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Monterrey, N.L. C.P. 66450, Mexico
| | - Perla Elizondo Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Monterrey, N.L. C.P. 66450, Mexico
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10
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Leonidova A, Pierroz V, Adams LA, Barlow N, Ferrari S, Graham B, Gasser G. Enhanced Cytotoxicity through Conjugation of a "Clickable" Luminescent Re(I) Complex to a Cell-Penetrating Lipopeptide. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:809-14. [PMID: 25050170 DOI: 10.1021/ml500158w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Re(I) tricarbonyl polypyridine-based complexes are particularly attractive metal complexes in the field of inorganic chemical biology due to their luminescent properties, ease of conjugation to targeting biomolecules, and the possibility to prepare their "hot" (99m)Tc analogues for radioimaging. In this study, we prepared and characterized a novel, "clickable" complex, [Re(2,2'-bipyridine)(3-ethynylpyridine)(CO)3](BF4) ([Re(CO) 3 (bipy)(py-alkyne)](BF 4 )), exhibiting the characteristic luminescent properties and moderate cytotoxicity of this general class of compound. Using Cu(I)-catalyzed "click" chemistry, the complex was efficiently attached to a lipidated peptide known to increase cell permeability, namely, the myristoylated HIV-1 Tat peptide (myr-Tat), to give Re-myr-Tat. Fluorescence microscopy localization in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) confirmed enhanced cellular uptake of Re-myr-Tat compared with [Re(CO) 3 (bipy)(py-alkyne)](BF 4 ), and cytotoxicity studies showed that this resulted in an increase in potency to a level comparable with cisplatin (13.0 ± 2.0 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leonidova
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Pierroz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luke A. Adams
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal
Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nicholas Barlow
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal
Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bim Graham
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal
Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Barthel MJ, Rinkenauer AC, Wagner M, Mansfeld U, Hoeppener S, Czaplewska JA, Gottschaldt M, Träger A, Schacher FH, Schubert US. Small but Powerful: Co-Assembly of Polyether-Based Triblock Terpolymers into Sub-30 nm Micelles and Synergistic Effects on Cellular Interactions. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2426-39. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5002894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus J. Barthel
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Dutch
Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra C. Rinkenauer
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mansfeld
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Justyna A. Czaplewska
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Gottschaldt
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Träger
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Dutch
Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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12
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13
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Isostructural Nuclear and Luminescent Probes Derived From Stabilized [2 + 1] Rhenium(I)/Technetium(I) Organometallic Complexes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:13521-8. [PMID: 24228697 DOI: 10.1021/ic401972g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Synthesis, characterization, and biological studies of emissive rhenium–glutamine conjugates. J Biol Inorg Chem 2013; 18:831-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-013-1023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Ribeiro Morais G, Falconer RA, Santos I. Carbohydrate-Based Molecules for Molecular Imaging in Nuclear Medicine. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Morais GR, Paulo A, Santos I. Organometallic Complexes for SPECT Imaging and/or Radionuclide Therapy. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300501d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Goreti Ribeiro Morais
- Unidade de Ciências
Quı́micas e Radiofarmacêuticas, Instituto
Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional
10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- Unidade de Ciências
Quı́micas e Radiofarmacêuticas, Instituto
Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional
10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santos
- Unidade de Ciências
Quı́micas e Radiofarmacêuticas, Instituto
Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional
10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
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17
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Babiuch K, Pretzel D, Tolstik T, Vollrath A, Stanca S, Foertsch F, Becer CR, Gottschaldt M, Biskup C, Schubert US. Uptake of Well-Defined, Highly Glycosylated, Pentafluorostyrene-Based Polymers and Nanoparticles by Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Macromol Biosci 2012; 12:1190-9. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201200024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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18
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Barthel MJ, Babiuch K, Rudolph T, Vitz J, Hoeppener S, Gottschaldt M, Hager MD, Schacher FH, Schubert US. Bis‐hydrophilic and functional triblock terpolymers based on polyethers: Synthesis and self‐assembly in solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus J. Barthel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2, 5612 AB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Krzysztof Babiuch
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Rudolph
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Vitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2, 5612 AB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2, 5612 AB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Gottschaldt
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2, 5612 AB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2, 5612 AB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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19
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Mikata Y, Takahashi K, Noguchi Y, Naemura M, Ugai A, Itami S, Yasuda K, Tamotsu S, Matsuo T, Storr T. Synthesis of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes with Carbohydrate-Pendant Tridentate Ligands and Their Cellular Uptake. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Louie MW, Liu HW, Lam MHC, Lam YW, Lo KKW. Luminescent rhenium(I) polypyridine complexes appended with an α-D-glucose moiety as novel biomolecular and cellular probes. Chemistry 2011; 17:8304-8. [PMID: 21714023 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Man-Wai Louie
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China
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21
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Okada T, Minoura N. Fluorescence emission and polarization analyses for evaluating binding of ruthenium metalloglycoclusters to lectins and tetanus toxin C-fragment. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:037001. [PMID: 21456874 PMCID: PMC3078059 DOI: 10.1117/1.3558727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We develop a fluorescent ruthenium metalloglycocluster for use as a powerful molecular probe in evaluating the binding between carbohydrates and lectins by fluorescence emission (FE) and fluorescence polarization (FP) analyses. Changes in the FE and FP of these metalloglycoclusters are measured following the addition of lectin [peanut agglutinin (PNA), Ricinus communis agglutinin 120, Concanavalin A (ConA), or wheat germ agglutinin] or tetanus toxin c-fragment (TCF). After the addition of PNA, the FE spectrum of [Ru(bpy-2Gal)(3)] shows a new emission peak and the FP value of [Ru(bpy-2Gal)(3)] increases. Similarly, the FE spectrum of [Ru(bpy-2Glc)(3)] shows a new emission peak and the FP value increases on addition of ConA. Because other combinations of metalloglycoclusters and lectins show little change, specific binding of galactose to PNA and that of glucose to ConA are confirmed by the FE and FP measurements. Resulting dissociation constants (K(d)) prove that the metalloglycoclusters with highly clustered carbohydrates show higher affinity for the respective lectins than those with less clustered carbohydrates. Furthermore, specific binding of [Ru(bpy-2Gal)(3)] to TCF was confirmed by the FP measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Okada
- Tokyo University of Technology, Graduate School of Bionics, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.
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22
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Babiuch K, Wyrwa R, Wagner K, Seemann T, Hoeppener S, Becer CR, Linke R, Gottschaldt M, Weisser J, Schnabelrauch M, Schubert US. Functionalized, biocompatible coating for superparamagnetic nanoparticles by controlled polymerization of a thioglycosidic monomer. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:681-91. [PMID: 21254766 DOI: 10.1021/bm101325w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
It is demonstrated that water-soluble, glucosylated poly(pentafluorostyrene) derivatives revealed favorable coating material properties for magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. To prepare the coating material in high reproducibility and purity as well as in sufficient amounts, a new route of synthesis is established. The preparation and characterization of the glucosylated, tetrafluorostyryl monomer, by thiol-para-fluorine "click" reaction, and its polymerization, via nitroxide-mediated radical process, is presented in detail. In addition, the coating material and the resulting particle properties are investigated by means of XPS, DLS, TGA, TEM, and cryo-TEM as well as flow cytometry. The glycopolymer acts as an appropriate stabilizing agent for the superparamagnetic nanoparticles by the formation of an approximately 10 nm thick shell, as shown by the XPS analysis. Furthermore, the application of FITC-labeled glycopolymer yielded fluorescent, superparamagnetic nanoparticles, which can be used for monitoring cell-carbohydrate interactions, because these particles show no cytotoxicity toward 3T3 fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Babiuch
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) and Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
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23
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Babiuch K, Becer CR, Gottschaldt M, Delaney JT, Weisser J, Beer B, Wyrwa R, Schnabelrauch M, Schubert US. Adhesion of Preosteoblasts and Fibroblasts onto Poly(pentafluorostyrene)-Based Glycopolymeric Films and their Biocompatibility. Macromol Biosci 2011; 11:535-48. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201000374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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24
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Thorp-Greenwood FL, Coogan MP. Multimodal radio- (PET/SPECT) and fluorescence imaging agents based on metallo-radioisotopes: current applications and prospects for development of new agents. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:6129-43. [PMID: 21225080 DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01398f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This perspective focuses on complexes of radioactive metal ions applied in multimodal radio- and optical imaging. The application of metal ions in radioimaging techniques such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) has advantages over lighter nuclei in terms of half-life, but there are particular issues related to their speciation (particularly leaching from complexes) and with the combination of certain ions with fluorescent systems. The basic coordination chemistry of the ions involved and issues relating to biological conditions and their compatibility with optical imaging techniques are reviewed, the current literature presented in context, and the prospect of exploiting the intrinsic luminescence of certain metal-ligand complexes is discussed.
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25
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Li MJ, Jiao P, Lin M, He W, Chen GN, Chen X. High electrochemiluminescence of a new water-soluble iridium(iii) complex for determination of antibiotics. Analyst 2011; 136:205-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00444h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Li MJ, Jiao P, He W, Yi C, Li CW, Chen X, Chen GN, Yang M. Water-Soluble and Biocompatible Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Luminescence and Sensing Application. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Boulay A, Seridi A, Zedde C, Ladeira S, Picard C, Maron L, Benoist E. Tricarbonyl ReIComplexes from Functionalised Pyridine-Triazole Derivatives: From Mononuclear to Unexpected Dimeric Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Keyes TE, Forster RJ, Blackledge C. Time resolved spectroscopy of inorganic complexes. SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES OF INORGANIC AND ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849730853-00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Time resolved spectroscopy has revolutionised our understanding of photochemical and photophysical reactions of inorganic complexes. In this review, we briefly describe the most common time resolved optical spectroscopic methods applied to inorganic complexes and outline some examples and highlights from the recent literature. The review is not intended to be exhaustive, but highlights key recent papers from coordination chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, carbonyl chemistry and bioinorganic chemistry, as well as, recent insights from ultrafast spectroscopy into the photophysics of important prototypes such as [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and [Cu(dmp)2]+. A brief perspective is then presented which discusses areas where time resolved spectroscopy of inorganic complexes could play a particularly important role in the next few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia E. Keyes
- National Biophotonics and Imaging Platform School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 7 Ireland
| | - Robert J. Forster
- National Biophotonics and Imaging Platform School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 7 Ireland
| | - Charles Blackledge
- National Biophotonics and Imaging Platform School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 7 Ireland
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29
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Ferreira CL, Marques FL, Okamoto MR, Otake AH, Sugai Y, Mikata Y, Storr T, Bowen M, Yano S, Adam MJ, Chammas R, Orvig C. Cationic technetium and rhenium complexes with pendant carbohydrates. Appl Radiat Isot 2010; 68:1087-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gottschaldt M, Schubert US, Rau S, Yano S, Vos JG, Kroll T, Clement J, Hilger I. Sugar-Selective Enrichment of a D-Glucose-Substituted Ruthenium Bipyridyl Complex Inside HepG2 Cancer Cells. Chembiochem 2010; 11:649-52. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Abstract
From the authors' opinion, this chapter constitutes a modest extension of the seminal and inspiring contribution of Stowell and Lee on neoglycoconjugates published in this series [C. P. Stowell and Y. C. Lee, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem., 37 (1980) 225-281]. The outstanding progresses achieved since then in the field of the "glycoside cluster effect" has witnessed considerable creativity in the design and synthetic strategies toward a vast array of novel carbohydrate structures and reflects the dynamic activity in the field even since the recent chapter by the Nicotra group in this series [F. Nicotra, L. Cipolla, F. Peri, B. La Ferla, and C. Radaelli, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem., 61 (2007) 353-398]. Beyond the more classical neoglycoproteins and glycopolymers (not covered in this work) a wide range of unprecedented and often artistically beautiful multivalent and monodisperse nanostructures, termed glycodendrimers for the first time in 1993, has been created. This chapter briefly surveys the concept of multivalency involved in carbohydrate-protein interactions. The topic is also discussed in regard to recent steps undertaken in glycobiology toward identification of lead candidates using microarrays and modern analytical tools. A systematic description of glycocluster and glycodendrimer synthesis follows, starting from the simplest architectures and ending in the most complex ones. Presentation of multivalent glycostructures of intermediate size and comprising, calix[n]arene, porphyrin, cyclodextrin, peptide, and carbohydrate scaffolds, has also been intercalated to better appreciate the growing synthetic complexity involved. A subsection describing novel all-carbon-based glycoconjugates such as fullerenes and carbon nanotubes is inserted, followed by a promising strategy involving dendrons self-assembling around metal chelates. The chapter then ends with those glycodendrimers that have been prepared using commercially available dendrimers possessing varied functionalities, or systematically synthesized using either divergent or convergent strategies.
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Gottschaldt M, Bohlender C, Pospiech A, Görls H, Walther M, Müller D, Klette I, Baum RP, Schubert US. InIIIand GaIIIComplexes of Sugar-Substituted Tripodal Trisalicylidene Imines: The First68Ga-Labelled Sugar Derivative. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Gottschaldt M, Schubert US. Prospects of metal complexes peripherally substituted with sugars in biomedicinal applications. Chemistry 2009; 15:1548-57. [PMID: 19130511 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes possess unique tunable properties, such as radioactivity, cytotoxicity or photophysical features, enabling them to act as diagnostic tracers or therapeutic agents. In applying them in biological systems, it is often necessary to enhance their solubility and biocompatibility. To achieve such goals, like the targeting of binding domains, transport systems and enzyme activities, the attachment of carbohydrate moieties appears to be suitable. Sugar-substitution in the periphery of metal complexes has therefore become a strongly growing field of research. Outlined herein is a selection of recent examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gottschaldt
- Laboratory for Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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35
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Assalit A, Billard T, Chambert S, Langlois BR, Queneau Y, Coe D. 2,2′-Bipyridine-3,3′-dicarboxylic carbohydrate esters and amides. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation as ligands in Cu(II)-catalysed enantioselective electrophilic fluorination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Chan YT, Moorefield CN, Newkome GR. Synthesis, characterization, and self-assembled nanofibers of carbohydrate-functionalized mono- and di(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridinyl)arenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:6928-30. [DOI: 10.1039/b914743h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Bowen ML, Chen ZF, Roos AM, Misri R, Häfeli U, Adam MJ, Orvig C. Long-chain rhenium and technetium glucosamine conjugates. Dalton Trans 2009:9228-36. [PMID: 20449200 DOI: 10.1039/b914309b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meryn L Bowen
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Gottschaldt M, Bohlender C, Müller D, Klette I, Baum RP, Yano S, Schubert US. Rhenium and 99m-technetium complexes of monosaccharide based tripodal triamines as potential radio imaging agents. Dalton Trans 2009:5148-54. [DOI: 10.1039/b901186b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Bowen ML, Orvig C. 99m-Technetium carbohydrate conjugates as potential agents in molecular imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5077-91. [PMID: 18956031 DOI: 10.1039/b809365b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This feature article covers recent reports of work towards the development of (99m)Tc-carbohydrate based agents for use in SPECT imaging, particularly of cancerous tissue. An outline of some of the key biological functions and coordination chemistry of carbohydrates is given, along with an introduction to bioconjugation and molecular imaging. Technetium coordination chemistry and the subset of this involving bioconjugates are discussed before moving into the focus of the article: glycoconjugates of (99m)Tc(v) and the more recently developed [(99m)Tc(I)(CO)(3)](+). Significant work in the last decade has featured the very attractive [(99m)Tc(CO)(3)](+) core, and the ligand sets designed for this core are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryn L Bowen
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, CanadaV6T 1Z1
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40
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Kikkeri R, Hossain LH, Seeberger PH. Supramolecular one-pot approach to fluorescent glycodendrimers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:2127-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b802177e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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