1
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Wilson DWN, Fataftah MS, Mathe Z, Mercado BQ, DeBeer S, Holland PL. Three-Coordinate Nickel and Metal-Metal Interactions in a Heterometallic Iron-Sulfur Cluster. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4013-4025. [PMID: 38308743 PMCID: PMC10993082 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Biological multielectron reactions often are performed by metalloenzymes with heterometallic sites, such as anaerobic carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH), which has a nickel-iron-sulfide cubane with a possible three-coordinate nickel site. Here, we isolate the first synthetic iron-sulfur clusters having a nickel atom with only three donors, showing that this structural feature is feasible. These have a core with two tetrahedral irons, one octahedral tungsten, and a three-coordinate nickel connected by sulfide and thiolate bridges. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), Mössbauer, and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) data are combined with density functional theory (DFT) computations to show how the electronic structure of the cluster arises from strong magnetic coupling between the Ni, Fe, and W sites. X-ray absorption spectroscopy, together with spectroscopically validated DFT analysis, suggests that the electronic structure can be described with a formal Ni1+ atom participating in a nonpolar Ni-W σ-bond. This metal-metal bond, which minimizes spin density at Ni1+, is conserved in two cluster oxidation states. Fe-W bonding is found in all clusters, in one case stabilizing a local non-Hund state at tungsten. Based on these results, we compare different M-M interactions and speculate that other heterometallic clusters, including metalloenzyme active sites, could likewise store redox equivalents and stabilize low-valent metal centers through metal-metal bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. N. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Majed S. Fataftah
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Zachary Mathe
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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2
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Simons JM, de Heer TJ, van de Poll RCJ, Muravev V, Kosinov N, Hensen EJM. Structure Sensitivity of CO 2 Hydrogenation on Ni Revisited. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20289-20301. [PMID: 37677099 PMCID: PMC10515628 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite the large number of studies on the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to CO and hydrocarbons by metal nanoparticles, the nature of the active sites and the reaction mechanism have remained unresolved. This hampers the development of effective catalysts relevant to energy storage. By investigating the structure sensitivity of CO2 hydrogenation on a set of silica-supported Ni nanoparticle catalysts (2-12 nm), we found that the active sites responsible for the conversion of CO2 to CO are different from those for the subsequent hydrogenation of CO to CH4. While the former reaction step is weakly dependent on the nanoparticle size, the latter is strongly structure sensitive with particles below 5 nm losing their methanation activity. Operando X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy results showed that significant oxidation or restructuring, which could be responsible for the observed differences in CO2 hydrogenation rates, was absent. Instead, the decreased methanation activity and the related higher CO selectivity on small nanoparticles was linked to a lower availability of step edges that are active for CO dissociation. Operando infrared spectroscopy coupled with (isotopic) transient experiments revealed the dynamics of surface species on the Ni surface during CO2 hydrogenation and demonstrated that direct dissociation of CO2 to CO is followed by the conversion of strongly bonded carbonyls to CH4. These findings provide essential insights into the much debated structure sensitivity of CO2 hydrogenation reactions and are key for the knowledge-driven design of highly active and selective catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme
F. M. Simons
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and
Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ton J. de Heer
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and
Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rim C. J. van de Poll
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and
Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Valery Muravev
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and
Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolay Kosinov
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and
Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and
Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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3
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Hannigan MD, Tami JL, Zimmerman PM, McNeil AJ. Rethinking Catalyst Trapping in Ni-Catalyzed Thieno[3,2- b]thiophene Polymerization. Macromolecules 2022; 55:10821-10830. [PMID: 37396500 PMCID: PMC10312364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Catalyst-transfer polymerization (CTP) is a chain-growth method used to synthesize conjugated polymers. Although CTP works well for most donor-type monomers, the polymerization stalls with thieno[3,2-b]thiophene when using Ni catalysts. Previous reports have rationalized this result by suggesting that the catalyst is trapped in a Ni0 π-complex with the highly electron-rich arene. In this study, evidence is provided that the catalyst trap is more likely a NiII complex that arises from oxidative insertion of Ni0 into the C-S bonds of thieno[3,2-b]thiophene. This result is consistent with the known reactivity of Ni0 complexes toward S-heteroarenes and is supported herein by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra acquired in situ, as well as data collected from small-molecule model reactions and density-functional theory simulations of the polymerization. We propose that this C-S insertion pathway and related off-cycle reactions may be relevant to understanding or enabling the CTP of other monomers with fused thiophenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Hannigan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jessica L Tami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Paul M Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Anne J McNeil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States; Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2800, United States
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4
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Wolzak LA, de Zwart FJ, Oudsen JPH, Bartlett SA, de Bruin B, Reek JN, Tromp M, Korstanje TJ. Exogenous Ligand‐free Nickel‐catalyzed carboxylate O‐arylation Insight into NiI/NiIII cycles. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas A. Wolzak
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences NETHERLANDS
| | - Felix J. de Zwart
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences NETHERLANDS
| | - Jean-Pierre H. Oudsen
- Technical University of Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin Physical/Biophysical Chemistry GERMANY
| | | | - Bas de Bruin
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences NETHERLANDS
| | - Joost N.H. Reek
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences NETHERLANDS
| | - Moniek Tromp
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Faculty of Science and Engineering Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen NETHERLANDS
| | - Ties J. Korstanje
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences NETHERLANDS
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5
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McGuire RT, Lundrigan T, MacMillan JWM, Robertson KN, Yadav AA, Stradiotto M. Mapping Dual-Base-Enabled Nickel-Catalyzed Aryl Amidations: Application in the Synthesis of 4-Quinolones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200352. [PMID: 35085411 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The C-N cross-coupling of (hetero)aryl (pseudo)halides with NH substrates employing nickel catalysts and organic amine bases represents an emergent strategy for the sustainable synthesis of (hetero)anilines. However, unlike protocols that rely on photoredox/electrochemical/reductant methods within NiI/III cycles, the reaction steps that comprise a putative Ni0/II C-N cross-coupling cycle for a thermally promoted catalyst system using organic amine base have not been elucidated. Here we disclose an efficient new nickel-catalyzed protocol for the C-N cross-coupling of amides and 2'-(pseudo)halide-substituted acetophenones, for the first time where the (pseudo)halide is chloride or sulfonate, which makes use of the commercial bisphosphine ligand PAd2-DalPhos (L4) in combination with an organic amine base/halide scavenger, leading to 4-quinolones. Room-temperature stoichiometric experiments involving isolated Ni0, I, and II species support a Ni0/II pathway, where the combined action of DBU/NaTFA allows for room-temperature amide cross-couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T McGuire
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Travis Lundrigan
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Joshua W M MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Katherine N Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Arun A Yadav
- Paraza Pharma Inc., 2525 Avenue Marie-Curie, Montreal, Quebec, H4S 2E1, Canada
| | - Mark Stradiotto
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
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6
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McGuire RT, Lundrigan T, MacMillan JWM, Robertson KN, Yadav AA, Stradiotto M. Mapping Dual‐Base‐Enabled Nickel‐Catalyzed Aryl Amidations: Application in the Synthesis of 4‐Quinolones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mark Stradiotto
- Dalhousie University Department of Chemistry Studley Campus B3H 4J3 Halifax CANADA
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7
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He W, Beattie DD, Zhou H, Bowes EG, Schafer LL, Love JA, Kennepohl P. Direct metal-carbon bonding in symmetric bis(C-H) agostic nickel(i) complexes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15298-15307. [PMID: 34976350 PMCID: PMC8635179 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03578a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Agostic interactions are examples of σ-type interactions, typically resulting from interactions between C–H σ-bonds with empty transition metal d orbitals. Such interactions often reflect the first step in transition metal-catalysed C–H activation processes and thus are of critical importance in understanding and controlling σ bond activation chemistries. Herein, we report on the unusual electronic structure of linear electron-rich d9 Ni(i) complexes with symmetric bis(C–H) agostic interactions. A combination of Ni K edge and L edge XAS with supporting TD-DFT/DFT calculations reveals an unconventional covalent agostic interaction with limited contributions from the valence Ni 3d orbitals. The agostic interaction is driven via the empty Ni 4p orbitals. The surprisingly strong Ni 4p-derived agostic interaction is dominated by σ contributions with minor π contributions. The resulting ligand–metal donation occurs directly along the C–Ni bond axis, reflecting a novel mode of bis-agostic bonding. Symmetric Ni(i) agostic complexes reveal an unusual mode of bonding that is dominated by direct carbon-to-metal charge transfer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada .,Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - D Dawson Beattie
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada .,Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Eric G Bowes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Laurel L Schafer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Jennifer A Love
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada .,Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Pierre Kennepohl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada .,Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
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8
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Tendera L, Helm M, Krahfuss MJ, Kuntze-Fechner MW, Radius U. Case Study of N- i Pr versus N-Mes Substituted NHC Ligands in Nickel Chemistry: The Coordination and Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes at [Ni(NHC) 2 ]. Chemistry 2021; 27:17849-17861. [PMID: 34713939 PMCID: PMC9299202 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A case study on the effect of the employment of two different NHC ligands in complexes [Ni(NHC)2] (NHC=iPr2ImMe1Me, Mes2Im 2) and their behavior towards alkynes is reported. The reaction of a mixture of [Ni2(iPr2ImMe)4(μ‐(η2 : η2)‐COD)] B/ [Ni(iPr2ImMe)2(η4‐COD)] B’ or [Ni(Mes2Im)2] 2, respectively, with alkynes afforded complexes [Ni(NHC)2(η2‐alkyne)] (NHC=iPr2ImMe: alkyne=MeC≡CMe 3, H7C3C≡CC3H74, PhC≡CPh 5, MeOOCC≡CCOOMe 6, Me3SiC≡CSiMe37, PhC≡CMe 8, HC≡CC3H79, HC≡CPh 10, HC≡C(p‐Tol) 11, HC≡C(4‐tBu‐C6H4) 12, HC≡CCOOMe 13; NHC=Mes2Im: alkyne=MeC≡CMe 14, MeOOCC≡CCOOMe 15, PhC≡CMe 16, HC≡C(4‐tBu‐C6H4) 17, HC≡CCOOMe 18). Unusual rearrangement products 11 a and 12 a were identified for the complexes of the terminal alkynes HC≡C(p‐Tol) and HC≡C(4‐tBu‐C6H4), 11 and 12, which were formed by addition of a C−H bond of one of the NHC N‐iPr methyl groups to the C≡C triple bond of the coordinated alkyne. Complex 2 catalyzes the cyclotrimerization of 2‐butyne, 4‐octyne, diphenylacetylene, dimethyl acetylendicarboxylate, 1‐pentyne, phenylacetylene and methyl propiolate at ambient conditions, whereas 1Me is not a good catalyst. The reaction of 2 with 2‐butyne was monitored in some detail, which led to a mechanistic proposal for the cyclotrimerization at [Ni(NHC)2]. DFT calculations reveal that the differences between 1Me and 2 for alkyne cyclotrimerization lie in the energy profile of the initiation steps, which is very shallow for 2, and each step is associated with only a moderate energy change. The higher stability of 3 compared to 14 is attributed to a better electron transfer from the NHC to the metal to the alkyne ligand for the N‐alkyl substituted NHC, to enhanced Ni‐alkyne backbonding due to a smaller CNHC−Ni−CNHC bite angle, and to less steric repulsion of the smaller NHC iPr2ImMe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Tendera
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Helm
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam J Krahfuss
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian W Kuntze-Fechner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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9
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Lewis LC, Shafaat HS. Reversible Electron Transfer and Substrate Binding Support [NiFe 3S 4] Ferredoxin as a Protein-Based Model for [NiFe] Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13869-13875. [PMID: 34488341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The nickel-iron carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) enzyme catalyzes the reversible and selective interconversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO) with high rates and negligible overpotential. Despite decades of research, many questions remain about this complex metalloenzyme system. A simplified model enzyme could provide substantial insight into biological carbon cycling. Here, we demonstrate reversible electron transfer and binding of both CO and cyanide, a substrate and an inhibitor of CODH, respectively, in a Pyrococcus furiosus (Pf) ferredoxin (Fd) protein that has been reconstituted with a nickel-iron sulfide cluster ([NiFe3S4] Fd). The [NiFe3S4] cluster mimics the core of the native CODH active site and thus serves as a protein-based structural model of the CODH subsite. Notably, despite binding cyanide, no CO binding is observed for the physiological [Fe4S4] clusters in Pf Fd, providing chemical rationale underlying the evolution of a site-differentiated cluster for substrate conversion in native CODH. The demonstration of a substrate-binding metalloprotein model of CODH sets the stage for high-resolution spectroscopic and mechanistic studies correlating the subsite structure and function, ultimately guiding the design of anthropogenic catalysts that harness the advantages of CODH for effective CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke C Lewis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Hannah S Shafaat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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10
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Hannigan MD, McNeil AJ, Zimmerman PM. Using JPP to Identify Ni Bidentate Phosphine Complexes In Situ. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13400-13408. [PMID: 34405991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Identifying intermediates of Ni-containing reactions can be challenging due to the high reactivity of Ni complexes and their sensitivity toward air and moisture. Many Ni bidentate phosphine complexes are diamagnetic and can be analyzed in situ via 31P NMR spectroscopy, but the oxidation state of Ni is difficult to determine using 31P chemical shift analysis alone. The J-coupling between P atoms, JPP, has been proposed to correlate with oxidation state, but few investigations have looked at how JPP is affected by parameters such as length of the linker or identity of the phosphine or other ligands. The present investigation into the JPP values of Ni bidentate phosphine complexes with two-carbon and three-carbon linkers shows that the JPP values observed in 31P NMR spectra, |JPP|, are competent indicators of the oxidation state at Ni. For complexes with two-carbon linkers, |JPP| > 40 Hz is typical of Ni0 while |JPP| < 30 Hz is typical of NiII; this trend is reversed for complexes with three-carbon linkers. Additionally, the Lewis acidity of the Ni and Lewis basicity of the phosphine ligand affect JPP predictably. For example, increased P-to-Ni donation arising from more-donating phosphines or more-withdrawing ligands trans to the P atoms causes a more negative JPP. These results should enable the oxidation state of Ni and properties of ligands in Ni bidentate phosphine complexes to be determined in situ during reactions containing these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Hannigan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Anne J McNeil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States.,Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2800, United States
| | - Paul M Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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11
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Parmar U, Somvanshi D, Kori S, Desai AA, Dandela R, Maity DK, Kapdi AR. Room-Temperature Amination of Chloroheteroarenes in Water by a Recyclable Copper(II)-Phosphaadamantanium Sulfonate System. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8900-8925. [PMID: 34156851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Buchwald-Hartwig amination of chloroheteroarenes has been a challenging synthetic process, with very few protocols promoting this important transformation at ambient temperature. The current report discusses about an efficient copper-based catalytic system (Cu/PTABS) for the amination of chloroheteroarenes at ambient temperature in water as the sole reaction solvent, a combination that is first to be reported. A wide variety of chloroheteroarenes could be coupled efficiently with primary and secondary amines as well as selected amino acid esters under mild reaction conditions. Catalytic efficiency of the developed protocol also promotes late-stage functionalization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) such as antibiotics (floxacins) and anticancer drugs. The catalytic system also performs efficiently at a very low concentration of 0.0001 mol % (TON = 980,000) and can be recycled 12 times without any appreciable loss in activity. Theoretical calculations reveal that the π-acceptor ability of the ligand PTABS is the main reason for the appreciably high reactivity of the catalytic system. Preliminary characterization of the catalytic species in the reaction was carried out using UV-VIS and ESR spectroscopy, providing evidence for the Cu(II) oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaysinh Parmar
- Aether Industries Limited, B-21/7, Hojiwala Industrial Estate, Sachin, Surat 394230, Gujarat, India
| | - Dipesh Somvanshi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh road, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Santosh Kori
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh road, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Odisha Campus, IIT Khragpur extension Centre, Mouza Samantpuri, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Aman A Desai
- Aether Industries Limited, B-21/7, Hojiwala Industrial Estate, Sachin, Surat 394230, Gujarat, India
| | - Rambabu Dandela
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Odisha Campus, IIT Khragpur extension Centre, Mouza Samantpuri, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Dilip K Maity
- Chemical Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
- Chemical Sciences, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Anant R Kapdi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh road, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
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12
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Greaves ME, Ronson TO, Maseras F, Nelson DJ. The Effect of Added Ligands on the Reactions of [Ni(COD)(dppf)] with Alkyl Halides: Halide Abstraction May Be Reversible. Organometallics 2021; 40:1997-2007. [PMID: 34295014 PMCID: PMC8288641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The reactions of
dppf-nickel(0) with alkyl halides proceed via
three-coordinate nickel(0) intermediates of the form [Ni(dppf)(L)].
The effects of the identity of the added ligand (L) on catalyst speciation
and the rates of reactions of [Ni(COD)(dppf)] with alkyl halides have
been investigated using kinetic experiments and density functional
theory calculations. A series of monodentate ligands have been investigated
in attempts to identify trends in reactivity. Sterically bulky and
electron-donating ligands are found to decrease the reaction rate.
It was found that (i) the halide abstraction step is not always irreversible
and the subsequent recombination of a nickel(I) complex with an alkyl
halide can have a significant effect on the overall rate of the reaction
and (ii) some ligands lead to very stable [Ni(dppf)(L)2] species. The yields of prototypical (dppf)nickel-catalyzed Kumada
cross-coupling reactions of alkyl halides are significantly improved
by the addition of free ligands, which provides another important
variable to consider when optimizing nickel-catalyzed reactions of
alkyl halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Greaves
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland.,Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Thomas O Ronson
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - David J Nelson
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
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13
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Majhi PK, Zimmer M, Morgenstern B, Scheschkewitz D. Transition-Metal Complexes of Heavier Cyclopropenes: Non-Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson Coordination and Facile Si═Ge Functionalization. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8981-8986. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paresh Kumar Majhi
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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14
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Greaves ME, Johnson Humphrey ELB, Nelson DJ. Reactions of nickel(0) with organochlorides, organobromides, and organoiodides: mechanisms and structure/reactivity relationships. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00374g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of nickel(0) complexes with phosphine, bipyridine-type, and N-heterocyclic carbene ligands with aryl, vinyl, and alkyl halides is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Greaves
- WestCHEM Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
- Chemical Development
| | | | - David J. Nelson
- WestCHEM Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
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15
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Nattmann L, Cornella J. Ni(4-tBustb)3: A Robust 16-Electron Ni(0) Olefin Complex for Catalysis. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Nattmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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16
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Tendera L, Schaub T, Krahfuss MJ, Kuntze‐Fechner MW, Radius U. Large vs. Small NHC Ligands in Nickel(0) Complexes: The Coordination of Olefins, Ketones and Aldehydes at [Ni(NHC)
2
]. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Tendera
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Thomas Schaub
- CaRLa (Catalysis Research Laboratory) Im Neuenheimer Feld 584 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Organic Synthesis BASF SE Carl‐Bosch‐Strasse 38 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - Mirjam J. Krahfuss
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | | | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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17
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Müller I, Munz D, Werncke CG. Reactions of Alkynes with Quasi-Linear 3d Metal(I) Silylamides of Chromium to Cobalt: A Comparative Study. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:9521-9537. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C. Gunnar Werncke
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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18
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Cooper AK, Leonard DK, Bajo S, Burton PM, Nelson DJ. Aldehydes and ketones influence reactivity and selectivity in nickel-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura reactions. Chem Sci 2020; 11:1905-1911. [PMID: 34123283 PMCID: PMC8148322 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05444h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The energetically-favorable coordination of aldehydes and ketones - but not esters or amides - to Ni0 during Suzuki-Miyaura reactions can lead either to exquisite selectivity and enhanced reactivity, or to inhibition of the reaction. Aryl halides where the C-X bond is connected to the same π-system as an aldehyde or ketone undergo unexpectedly rapid oxidative addition to [Ni(COD)(dppf)] (1), and are selectively cross-coupled during competition reactions. When aldehydes and ketones are present in the form of exogenous additives, the cross-coupling reaction is inhibited to an extent that depends on the strength of the coordination of the pendant carbonyl group to Ni0. This work advances our understanding of how common functional groups interact with Ni0 catalysts and how these interactions affect workhorse catalytic reactions in academia and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair K Cooper
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL Scotland UK
| | - David K Leonard
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL Scotland UK
| | - Sonia Bajo
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL Scotland UK
| | - Paul M Burton
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre Bracknell Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - David J Nelson
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL Scotland UK
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19
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Campbell MW, Compton JS, Kelly CB, Molander GA. Three-Component Olefin Dicarbofunctionalization Enabled by Nickel/Photoredox Dual Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:20069-20078. [PMID: 31833357 PMCID: PMC7086343 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An intermolecular, photocatalytic dicarbofunctionalization (DCF) of olefins enabled by the merger of Giese-type addition with Ni/photoredox dual catalysis has been realized. Capitalizing on the rapid addition of 3° radicals to alkenes and their reluctance toward single electron metalation to Ni complexes, regioselective alkylation and arylation of olefins is possible. This dual catalytic method not only permits elaborate species to be assembled from commodity materials, but also allows quaternary and tertiary centers to be installed in a singular, chemoselective olefin difunctionalization. This multicomponent process occurs under exceptionally mild conditions, compatible with a diverse range of functional groups and synthetic handles such as pinacolboronate esters. This technology was directly applied to the synthesis of an intermediate to a preclinical candidate (TK-666) and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W. Campbell
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Jordan S. Compton
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Christopher B. Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, P. O. Box 842006 Richmond, VA 23284-9069, United States
- Medicines for All Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Biotech 8 737 N. 5th Street, Richmond, VA 23219-1441 United States
| | - Gary A. Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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20
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21
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He W, Kennepohl P. Direct experimental evaluation of ligand-induced backbonding in nickel metallacyclic complexes. Faraday Discuss 2019; 220:133-143. [PMID: 31544197 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00041k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The details of ligand-induced backbonding in nickel diphosphine π complexes are explored using nickel L-edge (3d←2p) X-ray absorption spectroscopy as a means of quantifying the degree of backbonding derived from direct Ni 3d donation into the π ligand. It is observed that backbonding into weakly π acidic ligands such as alkenes and arenes is dominated by contributions from the diphosphine ligand via σ-donation, leading to activated metallacycles with a Ni(0) d10 metal centre. With more strongly π acidic ligands, however, metal contributions to backbonding increase substantially leading to a more electron-deficient metal centre that is best described as having a Ni(i) spectroscopic oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying He
- The University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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