1
|
Prag HA, Murphy MP, Krieg T. Preventing mitochondrial reverse electron transport as a strategy for cardioprotection. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:34. [PMID: 37639068 PMCID: PMC10462584 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In the context of myocardial infarction, the burst of superoxide generated by reverse electron transport (RET) at complex I in mitochondria is a crucial trigger for damage during ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Here we outline the necessary conditions for superoxide production by RET at complex I and how it can occur during reperfusion. In addition, we explore various pathways that are implicated in generating the conditions for RET to occur and suggest potential therapeutic strategies to target RET, aiming to achieve cardioprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiran A Prag
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Michael P Murphy
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shahbazi Nia S, Hossain MA, Ji G, Jonnalagadda SK, Obeng S, Rahman MA, Sifat AE, Nozohouri S, Blackwell C, Patel D, Thompson J, Runyon S, Hiranita T, McCurdy CR, McMahon L, Abbruscato TJ, Trippier PC, Neugebauer V, German NA. Studies on diketopiperazine and dipeptide analogs as opioid receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115309. [PMID: 37054561 PMCID: PMC10634475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Using the structure of gliotoxin as a starting point, we have prepared two different chemotypes with selective affinity to the kappa opioid receptor (KOR). Using medicinal chemistry approaches and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, structural features required for the observed affinity were identified, and advanced molecules with favorable Multiparameter Optimization (MPO) and Ligand Lipophilicity (LLE) profiles were prepared. Using the Thermal Place Preference Test (TPPT), we have shown that compound2 blocks the antinociceptive effect of U50488, a known KOR agonist. Multiple reports suggest that modulation of KOR signaling is a promising therapeutic strategy in treating neuropathic pain (NP). As a proof-of-concept study, we tested compound 2 in a rat model of NP and recorded its ability to modulate sensory and emotional pain-related behaviors. Observed in vitro and in vivo results suggest that these ligands can be used to develop compounds with potential application as pain therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Shahbazi Nia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Guangchen Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Sravan K Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Samuel Obeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Social and Administrative Sciences, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, Birmingham, AL, 35229, USA
| | - Md Ashrafur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Ali Ehsan Sifat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Saeideh Nozohouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Collin Blackwell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Dhavalkumar Patel
- Office of Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Jon Thompson
- Veterinary School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Scott Runyon
- Reserach Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Takato Hiranita
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Christopher R McCurdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Lance McMahon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Nadezhda A German
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Unraveling the Peculiar Features of Mitochondrial Metabolism and Dynamics in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041192. [PMID: 36831534 PMCID: PMC9953833 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men in Western countries. Mitochondria, the "powerhouse" of cells, undergo distinctive metabolic and structural dynamics in different types of cancer. PCa cells experience peculiar metabolic changes during their progression from normal epithelial cells to early-stage and, progressively, to late-stage cancer cells. Specifically, healthy cells display a truncated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and inefficient oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) due to the high accumulation of zinc that impairs the activity of m-aconitase, the enzyme of the TCA cycle responsible for the oxidation of citrate. During the early phase of cancer development, intracellular zinc levels decrease leading to the reactivation of m-aconitase, TCA cycle and OXPHOS. PCa cells change their metabolic features again when progressing to the late stage of cancer. In particular, the Warburg effect was consistently shown to be the main metabolic feature of late-stage PCa cells. However, accumulating evidence sustains that both the TCA cycle and the OXPHOS pathway are still present and active in these cells. The androgen receptor axis as well as mutations in mitochondrial genes involved in metabolic rewiring were shown to play a key role in PCa cell metabolic reprogramming. Mitochondrial structural dynamics, such as biogenesis, fusion/fission and mitophagy, were also observed in PCa cells. In this review, we focus on the mitochondrial metabolic and structural dynamics occurring in PCa during tumor development and progression; their role as effective molecular targets for novel therapeutic strategies in PCa patients is also discussed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mitra S, Rauf A, Sutradhar H, Sadaf S, Hossain MJ, Soma MA, Emran TB, Ahmad B, Aljohani ASM, Al Abdulmonem W, Thiruvengadam M. Potential candidates from marine and terrestrial resources targeting mitochondrial inhibition: Insights from the molecular approach. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109509. [PMID: 36368509 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the target sites for multiple disease manifestations, for which it is appealing to researchers' attention for advanced pharmacological interventions. Mitochondrial inhibitors from natural sources are of therapeutic interest due to their promising benefits on physiological complications. Mitochondrial complexes I, II, III, IV, and V are the most common sites for the induction of inhibition by drug candidates, henceforth alleviating the manifestations, prevalence, as well as severity of diseases. Though there are few therapeutic options currently available on the market. However, it is crucial to develop new candidates from natural resources, as mitochondria-targeting abnormalities are rising to a greater extent. Marine and terrestrial sources possess plenty of bioactive compounds that are appeared to be effective in this regard. Ample research investigations have been performed to appraise the potentiality of these compounds in terms of mitochondrial disorders. So, this review outlines the role of terrestrial and marine-derived compounds in mitochondrial inhibition as well as their clinical status too. Additionally, mitochondrial regulation and, therefore, the significance of mitochondrial inhibition by terrestrial and marine-derived compounds in drug discovery are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Swabi 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.
| | - Hriday Sutradhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Samia Sadaf
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mahfuza Afroz Soma
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Institute of Biotechnology & Microbiology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KP, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pozdnyakov DI, Zolotykh DS, Vihor AA. [An effect of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate on changes in mitochondrial function under conditions of focal cerebral ischemia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:111-116. [PMID: 37994896 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2023123111111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate an effect of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate on changes in mitochondrial function under experimental focal cerebral ischemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Focal cerebral ischemia was modeled in Wistar rats by thermocoagulation of the middle cerebral artery. Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate («Mexidol») and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate («Ethoxidol») were injected into the tail vein 30 minutes after ischemia simulation and then for 3 days at doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg. After 72 hours, changes in neurological deficits, aerobic and anaerobic respiration activity, the concentration of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide and apoptosis-inducing factor, as well as the activity of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase in brain tissue supernatants were assessed. RESULTS The course administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate dose-dependently contributed to a decrease in the concentration of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide and apoptosis-inducing factor in the brain tissue. The restoration of mitochondrial energy function was also shown with the use of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate in all studied doses, while the administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate led to the restoration of mitochondrial-dependent energy production only at higher doses (100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg). CONCLUSION The effect of malic acid and succinic acid salts of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine on the change in the redox and apoptosis-regulating function of mitochondria does not depend on the type of anion, whereas the change in the energy function of mitochondria is associated with the salt residue included in the drug structure and its dosage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D I Pozdnyakov
- Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - Branch of the Volgograd State Medical University, Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - D S Zolotykh
- Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - Branch of the Volgograd State Medical University, Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - A A Vihor
- Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - Branch of the Volgograd State Medical University, Pyatigorsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shamilov AA, Olennikov DN, Pozdnyakov DI, Bubenchikova VN, Garsiya ER, Larskii MV. Caucasian Blueberry: Comparative Study of Phenolic Compounds and Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Potential of Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium arctostaphylos Leaves. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122079. [PMID: 36556444 PMCID: PMC9782065 DOI: 10.3390/life12122079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Two Caucasian blueberries Vaccinium myrtillus L. and Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. are famous berry bushes growing in the Caucasus region and used to treat neurological diseases, but the chemistry and bioactivity of leaf extracts are still poorly studied. (2) Methods: Phenolic compounds of V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos leaf extracts were profiled and quantified by HPLC-PDA-ESI-tQ-MS. The neurotropic potential of Vaccinium extracts was studied using the model of middle cerebral artery permanent occlusion to determine cerebral blood flow, the area of the brain tissue necrosis, and antioxidant enzyme activity (including superoxide dismutase, succinate dehydrogenase, and cytochrome C oxidase), as well as the concentration of TBARS. (3) Results: Hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids were identified in the leaves of V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos, and the dominant metabolite of both extracts was 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid in the amount of 105-226 mg/g. The studied extracts enhanced the cerebral hemodynamics and decreased the frequency of necrotic and lipooxidative processes in the brain tissue, accompanied by an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The positive effect of V. arctostaphylos was stronger and exceeded the effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba standardized extract. (4) Conclusion: The leaf extracts of Caucasian blueberries V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos as a new source of hydroxycinnamates demonstrated a protective effect of the brain ischemia pathology and can be used as therapeutic agents to treat neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnold A. Shamilov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Daniil N. Olennikov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Science, 6 Sakhyanovoy Street, 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-902-160-06-27
| | - Dmitryi I. Pozdnyakov
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Valentina N. Bubenchikova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Kursk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 3 Karl Marks Street, 305000 Kursk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina R. Garsiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail V. Larskii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chlorinated benzothiadiazines inhibit angiogenesis through suppression of VEGFR2 phosphorylation. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 67:116805. [PMID: 35635929 PMCID: PMC9888588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis inhibitors are a critical pharmacological tool for the treatment of solid tumors. Suppressing vascular permeability leads to inhibition of tumor growth, invasion, and metastatic potential by blocking the supply of oxygen and nutrients. Disruption of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway is a validated target for the design of antiangiogenic agents. Several VEGFR2 inhibitors have been clinically approved over the past years. Structural analysis of these clinical VEGFR2 inhibitors highlighted key functional group overlap with the benzothiadiazine core contained in a library of in-house compounds. Herein we ascribe anti-angiogenic activity to a series of chlorinated benzothiadiazines. Selected compounds show significant activity to completely ameliorate VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation by suppression of VEGFR2 phosphorylation. The scaffold is devoid of activity to inhibit carbonic anhydrases and generally lacks cytotoxicity across a range of cancer and non-malignant cell lines. Assay of activity at 468 kinases shows remarkable selectivity with only four kinases inhibited > 65% at 10 µM concentration, and with significant activity to inhibit TNK2/ACK1 and PKRD2 by > 90%. All four identified kinase targets are known modulators of angiogenesis, thus highlighting compound 17b as a novel angiogenesis inhibitor for further development.
Collapse
|
8
|
Mondal A, Jia D, Bhatt V, Akel M, Roberge J, Guo JY, Langenfeld J. Ym155 localizes to the mitochondria leading to mitochondria dysfunction and activation of AMPK that inhibits BMP signaling in lung cancer cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13135. [PMID: 35908087 PMCID: PMC9338953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The imidazolium compound Ym155 was first reported to be a survivin inhibitor. Ym155 potently induces cell death of many types of cancer cells in preclinical studies. However, in phase II clinical trials Ym155 failed to demonstrate a significant benefit. Studies have suggested that the cytotoxic effects of Ym155 in cancer cells are not mediated by the inhibition of survivin. Understanding the mechanism by which Ym155 induces cell death would provide important insight how to improve its efficacy as a cancer therapeutic. We demonstrate a novel mechanism by which Ym155 induces cell death by localizing to the mitochondria causing mitochondrial dysfunction. Our studies suggest that Ym155 binds mitochondrial DNA leading to a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation, decrease in TCA cycle intermediates, and an increase in mitochondrial permeability. Furthermore, we show that mitochondrial stress induced by Ym155 and other mitochondrial inhibitors activates AMP-activated kinase leading to the downregulation to bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. We provide first evidence that Ym155 initiates cell death by disrupting mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Mondal
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Dongxuan Jia
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Vrushank Bhatt
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Moumen Akel
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jacques Roberge
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, RUBRIC, Office for Research, Rutgers Translational Science, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | | | - John Langenfeld
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baysal BE, Alahmari AA, Rodrick TC, Tabaczynski D, Curtin L, Seshadri M, Jones DR, Sexton S. Succinate dehydrogenase inversely regulates red cell distribution width and healthy lifespan in chronically hypoxic mice. JCI Insight 2022; 7:158737. [PMID: 35881479 PMCID: PMC9536274 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased red cell distribution width (RDW), which measures erythrocyte volume (MCV) variability (anisocytosis), has been linked to early mortality in many diseases and in older adults through unknown mechanisms. Hypoxic stress has been proposed as a potential mechanism. However, experimental models to investigate the link between increased RDW and reduced survival are lacking. Here, we show that lifelong hypobaric hypoxia (~10% O2) increases erythrocyte numbers, hemoglobin and RDW, while reducing longevity in male mice. Compound heterozygous knockout (chKO) mutations in succinate dehydrogenase (Sdh; mitochondrial complex II) genes Sdhb, Sdhc and Sdhd reduce Sdh subunit protein levels, RDW, and increase healthy lifespan compared to wild-type (WT) mice in chronic hypoxia. RDW-SD, a direct measure of MCV variability, and the standard deviation of MCV (1SD-RDW) show the most statistically significant reductions in Sdh hKO mice. Tissue metabolomic profiling of 147 common metabolites shows the largest increase in succinate with elevated succinate to fumarate and succinate to oxoglutarate (2-ketoglutarate) ratios in Sdh hKO mice. These results demonstrate that mitochondrial complex II level is an underlying determinant of both RDW and healthy lifespan in hypoxia, and suggest that therapeutic targeting of Sdh might reduce high RDW-associated clinical mortality in hypoxic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bora E Baysal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, United States of America
| | - Abdulrahman A Alahmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, United States of America
| | - Tori C Rodrick
- Metabolomics Core Resource Laboratory, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States of America
| | - Debra Tabaczynski
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, United States of America
| | - Leslie Curtin
- Laboratory Animal Shared Resources, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, United States of America
| | - Mukund Seshadri
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, United States of America
| | - Drew R Jones
- Metabolomics Core Resource Laboratory, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States of America
| | - Sandra Sexton
- Laboratory Animal Shared Resources, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao R, Feng T, Gao L, Sun F, Zhou Q, Wang X, Liu J, Zhang W, Wang M, Xiong X, Jia W, Chen W, Wang L, Han B. PPFIA4 promotes castration-resistant prostate cancer by enhancing mitochondrial metabolism through MTHFD2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:125. [PMID: 35382861 PMCID: PMC8985307 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains a major obstacle in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). Dysregulated mitochondrial function has been linked to the initiation and progression of diverse human cancers. Deciphering the novel molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial function may provide important insights for developing novel therapeutics for CRPC. Methods We investigate the expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type F polypeptide interacting protein alpha 4 (PPFIA4) using public datasets and tumor specimens from PCa cases by immunohistochemistry. Gain- and loss-of-function studies are performed in PCa cell lines and mouse models of subcutaneous xenograft to characterize the role of PPFIA4 in CRPC. Gene expression regulation is evaluated by a series of molecular and biochemical experiments in PCa cell lines. The therapeutic effects of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) inhibitor combined enzalutamide are assessed using in vitro functional assays and in vivo mouse models. Results We show that the increase of PPFIA4 exacerbates aggressive phenotype resembling CRPC. A fraction of PPFIA4 localizes to mitochondria and interacts with MTHFD2, a key enzyme for one-carbon metabolism. Androgen deprivation increases the translocation of PPFIA4 into mitochondria and increases the interaction between PPFIA4 and MTHFD2, which result in the elevation of tyrosine phosphorylated MTHFD2. Consequently, the levels of NADPH synthesis increase, resulting in protection against androgen deprivation-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as promotion of tumor growth. Clinically, PPFIA4 expression is significantly increased in CRPC tissues compared with localized PCa ones. Importantly, an MTHFD2 inhibitor, DS18561882, combined with enzalutamide can significantly inhibit CRPC cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion Overall, our findings reveal a PPFIA4-MTHFD2 complex in mitochondria that links androgen deprivation to mitochondrial metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, which suggest a potential strategy to inhibit CRPC progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02331-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junmei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xueting Xiong
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wenqiao Jia
- Department of Health Management CenterQilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weiwen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University; Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Bo Han
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Odell LR, Chau N, Russell CC, Young KA, Gilbert J, Robinson PJ, Sakoff JA, McCluskey A. Pyrimidyn-Based Dynamin Inhibitors as Novel Cytotoxic Agents. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100560. [PMID: 34590434 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Five focused libraries of pyrimidine-based dynamin GTPase inhibitors, in total 69 compounds were synthesised, and their dynamin inhibition and broad-spectrum cytotoxicity examined. Dynamin plays a crucial role in mitosis, and as such inhibition of dynamin was expected to broadly correlate with the observed cytotoxicity. The pyrimidines synthesised ranged from mono-substituted to trisubstituted. The highest levels of dynamin inhibition were noted with di- and tri- substituted pyrimidines, especially those with pendent amino alkyl chains. Short chains and simple heterocyclic rings reduced dynamin activity. There were three levels of dynamin activity noted: 1-10, 10-25 and 25-60 μM. Screening of these compounds in a panel of cancer cell lines: SW480 (colon), HT29 (colon), SMA (spontaneous murine astrocytoma), MCF-7 (breast), BE2-C (glioblastoma), SJ-G2 (neuroblastoma), MIA (pancreas), A2780 (ovarian), A431 (skin), H460 (lung), U87 (glioblastoma) and DU145 (prostate) cell lines reveal a good correlation between the observed dynamin inhibition and the observed cytotoxicity. The most active analogues (31 a,b) developed returned average GI50 values of 1.0 and 0.78 μM across the twelve cell lines examined. These active analogues were: N2 -(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N4 -dodecyl-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine (31 a) and N4 -(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N2 -dodecyl-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine (31 b).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke R Odell
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ngoc Chau
- Cell Signalling Unit Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145 Hawkesbury Road, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Cecilia C Russell
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Kelly A Young
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Jayne Gilbert
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Edith Street, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Cell Signalling Unit Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145 Hawkesbury Road, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jennette A Sakoff
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Edith Street, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rahman MS, Kumari S, Esfahani SH, Nozohouri S, Jayaraman S, Kinarivala N, Kocot J, Baez A, Farris D, Abbruscato TJ, Karamyan VT, Trippier PC. Discovery of First-in-Class Peptidomimetic Neurolysin Activators Possessing Enhanced Brain Penetration and Stability. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12705-12722. [PMID: 34436882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peptidase neurolysin (Nln) is an enzyme that functions to cleave various neuropeptides. Upregulation of Nln after stroke has identified the enzyme as a critical endogenous cerebroprotective mechanism and validated target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Overexpression of Nln in a mouse model of stroke results in dramatic improvement of stroke outcomes, while pharmacological inhibition aggravates them. Activation of Nln has therefore emerged as an intriguing target for drug discovery efforts for ischemic stroke. Herein, we report the discovery and hit-to-lead optimization of first-in-class Nln activators based on histidine-containing dipeptide hits identified from a virtual screen. Adopting a peptidomimetic approach provided lead compounds that retain the pharmacophoric histidine moiety and possess single-digit micromolar potency over 40-fold greater than the hit scaffolds. These compounds exhibit 5-fold increased brain penetration, significant selectivity over highly homologous peptidases, greater than 65-fold increase in mouse brain stability, and 'drug-like' fraction unbound in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafikur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Shiva Hadi Esfahani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Saeideh Nozohouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Srinidhi Jayaraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Nihar Kinarivala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Joanna Kocot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Andrew Baez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Delaney Farris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States.,Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Vardan T Karamyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States.,Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaushik P, Ali M, Salman M, Tabassum H, Parvez S. Harnessing the mitochondrial integrity for neuroprotection: Therapeutic role of piperine against experimental ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2021; 149:105138. [PMID: 34284077 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a rapidly increasing global burden and is associated with severe neurological decline and mortality. There is urgent requirement of the efforts, aimed to identify therapeutic strategies that are effective in clinic to promote significant recovery from IS. Studies have shown that mitochondria mediated neuroprotection can be a competent target against ischemic damage. Therefore, we examined whether mitochondrial impairment is regulated by Piperine (PIP), an alkaloid of Piper Longum, which has neuroprotective activity against ischemic brain injury. In this study, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) surgery was performed on male Wistar rats for 90 min followed by 22.5 h of reperfusion for mimicking the IS condition. This study consisted of three groups: sham, tMCAO and tMCAO + PIP (10 mg/kg b.wt., p.o/day for 15 days), and studied for behavioral tests, infarct volume, brain pathological changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation alongwith cell survival status. PIP pre-treatment showed reduction in neurological alterations and infarct volume. In addition, PIP pre-treatment suppressed the mitochondrial dysfunction and might have anti-apoptotic potential by preventing Cytochrome c (Cyt c) release from mitochondria to cytoplasm and caspase 3 activation. It also regulates pro-apoptotic, Bax and anti-apoptotic, Bcl-2 proteins accompanied by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive cells in cortex region. Quantitative Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results also showed that PIP reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory protein, interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) and enhanced cell survival by restoring the activity of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its transcription protein, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Taken together, PIP reduced the mitochondrial dysfunction, neurological impairment, and enhanced neuronal survival. In conclusion, our findings reinforce PIP as an effective neuroprotective agent and provide important evidence about its role as a potential target to serve as a promising therapy for treatment of IS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Kaushik
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mubashshir Ali
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohd Salman
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Heena Tabassum
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, V. Ramalingaswamy Bhawan, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yu B, Zhao B, Hao Z, Chen L, Cao L, Guo X, Zhang N, Yang D, Tang L, Fan Z. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrazole-aromatic containing carboxamides as potent SDH inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113230. [PMID: 33581553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To continue our ongoing studies on discovery of new potent antifungal leads, 43 novel pyrazole-aromatic containing carboxamides were rationally designed and synthesized. Bioassays indicated that most target compounds displayed good in vitro antifungal activities against Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia cerealis and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and in vivo antifungal activity against R. solani. Compound 11ea exhibited the most significant in vitro activity against R. cerealis (EC50 = 0.93 μg/mL) with about 2-fold more potent than a previously reported lead compound A1 (EC50 = 2.01 μg/mL), and about 11-fold more potent than the positive control/commercial succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor thifluzamide (EC50 = 23.09 μg/mL). Structure-activity relationship analysis and molecular docking simulations indicated that the presence of difluoromethyl pyrazole-(m-benzene) carboxamide scaffold obviously increased the antifungal activity. The further enzymatic bioassay showed that both thifluzamide and compound 11ea displayed excellent SDH inhibitory effects, and fluorescence quenching analysis suggested that they may share the same target SDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, PR China
| | - Zesheng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lixin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Nailou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Dongyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Liangfu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Zhijin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huwaimel BI, Bhakta M, Kulkarni CA, Milliken AS, Wang F, Peng A, Brookes PS, Trippier PC. Discovery of Halogenated Benzothiadiazine Derivatives with Anticancer Activity*. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1143-1162. [PMID: 33331124 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory complex II (CII), also known as succinate dehydrogenase, plays a critical role in mitochondrial metabolism. Known but low potency CII inhibitors are selectively cytotoxic to cancer cells including the benzothiadiazine-based anti-hypoglycemic diazoxide. Herein, we study the structure-activity relationship of benzothiadiazine derivatives for CII inhibition and their effect on cancer cells for the first time. A 15-fold increase in CII inhibition was achieved over diazoxide, albeit with micromolar IC50 values. Cytotoxicity evaluation of the novel derivatives resulted in the identification of compounds with much greater antineoplastic effect than diazoxide, the most potent of which possesses an IC50 of 2.93±0.07 μM in a cellular model of triple-negative breast cancer, with high selectivity over nonmalignant cells and more than double the potency of the clinical agent 5-fluorouracil. No correlation between cytotoxicity and CII inhibition was found, thus indicating an as-yet-undefined mechanism of action of this scaffold. The derivatives described herein represent valuable hit compounds for therapeutic discovery in triple-negative breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bader I Huwaimel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
| | - Myla Bhakta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Chaitanya A Kulkarni
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Alexander S Milliken
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Aimin Peng
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Paul S Brookes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ashraf-Uz-Zaman M, Shahi S, Akwii R, Sajib MS, Farshbaf MJ, Kallem RR, Putnam W, Wang W, Zhang R, Alvina K, Trippier PC, Mikelis CM, German NA. Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel urea compounds as FGFR1 inhibitors to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112866. [PMID: 33039722 PMCID: PMC7744370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of cancer characterized by higher metastatic and reoccurrence rates, where approximately one-third of TNBC patients suffer from the metastasis in the brain. At the same time, TNBC shows good responses to chemotherapy, a feature that fuels the search for novel compounds with therapeutic potential in this area. Recently, we have identified novel urea-based compounds with cytotoxicity against selected cell lines and with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier in vivo. We have synthesized and analyzed a library of more than 40 compounds to elucidate the key features responsible for the observed activity. We have also identified FGFR1 as a molecular target that is affected by the presence of these compounds, confirming our data using in silico model. Overall, we envision that these compounds can be further developed for the potential treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashraf-Uz-Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Sadisna Shahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Racheal Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Md Sanaullah Sajib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | | | - Raja Reddy Kallem
- Clinical Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - William Putnam
- Clinical Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karina Alvina
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Nadezhda A German
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Singh Y, Trautwein C, Dhariwal A, Salker MS, Alauddin M, Zizmare L, Pelzl L, Feger M, Admard J, Casadei N, Föller M, Pachauri V, Park DS, Mak TW, Frick JS, Wallwiener D, Brucker SY, Lang F, Riess O. DJ-1 (Park7) affects the gut microbiome, metabolites and the development of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Sci Rep 2020; 10:16131. [PMID: 32999308 PMCID: PMC7528091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72903-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The proper communication between gut and brain is pivotal for the maintenance of health and, dysregulation of the gut-brain axis can lead to several clinical disorders. In Parkinson’s disease (PD) 85% of all patients experienced constipation many years before showing any signs of motor phenotypes. For differential diagnosis and preventive treatment, there is an urgent need for the identification of biomarkers indicating early disease stages long before the disease phenotype manifests. DJ-1 is a chaperone protein involved in the protection against PD and genetic mutations in this protein have been shown to cause familial PD. However, how the deficiency of DJ-1 influences the risk of PD remains incompletely understood. In the present study, we provide evidence that DJ-1 is implicated in shaping the gut microbiome including; their metabolite production, inflammation and innate immune cells (ILCs) development. We revealed that deficiency of DJ-1 leads to a significant increase in two specific genera/species, namely Alistipes and Rikenella. In DJ-1 knock-out (DJ-1-/-) mice the production of fecal calprotectin and MCP-1 inflammatory proteins were elevated. Fecal and serum metabolic profile showed that malonate which influences the immune system was significantly more abundant in DJ-1−/− mice. DJ-1 appeared also to be involved in ILCs development. Further, inflammatory genes related to PD were augmented in the midbrain of DJ-1−/− mice. Our data suggest that metabolites and inflammation produced in the gut could be used as biomarkers for PD detection. Perhaps, these metabolites and inflammatory mediators could be involved in triggering inflammation resulting in PD pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Singh
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Tübingen University, Calwerstraße 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. .,Research Institute of Women's Health, Tübingen University, Calwerstraße 7/6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Trautwein
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center (WSIC), Tübingen University, Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Achal Dhariwal
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Madhuri S Salker
- Research Institute of Women's Health, Tübingen University, Calwerstraße 7/6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Md Alauddin
- Research Institute of Women's Health, Tübingen University, Calwerstraße 7/6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Laimdota Zizmare
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center (WSIC), Tübingen University, Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisann Pelzl
- Department of Vegetative Physiology, Tübingen University, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Clinical Transfusion Medicine Centre, Tübingen University, Otfried-Müller-Straße 4/1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martina Feger
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jakob Admard
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Tübingen University, Calwerstraße 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Casadei
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Tübingen University, Calwerstraße 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Föller
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Vivek Pachauri
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David S Park
- Health Research Innovation Centre, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Tak W Mak
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, UHN, 620 University Ave, Toronto, M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Julia-Stefanie Frick
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Tübingen University, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Straße 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Diethelm Wallwiener
- Research Institute of Women's Health, Tübingen University, Calwerstraße 7/6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Y Brucker
- Research Institute of Women's Health, Tübingen University, Calwerstraße 7/6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Vegetative Physiology, Tübingen University, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Tübingen University, Calwerstraße 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Osinubi A, Izunobi J, Bao X, Asekun O, Kong J, Gui C, Familoni O. Synthesis and in vitro anticancer activities of substituted N-(4'-nitrophenyl)-l-prolinamides. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200906. [PMID: 33047051 PMCID: PMC7540745 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Prolinamides are present in secondary metabolites and have wide-ranging biological properties as well as antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. N-(4'-substituted phenyl)-l-prolinamides 4a-4w were synthesized in two steps, starting from the condensation of p-fluoronitrobenzene 1a-1b with l-proline 2a-2b, under aqueous-alcoholic basic conditions to afford N-aryl-l-prolines 3a-3c, which underwent amidation via a two-stage, one-pot reaction involving SOCl2 and amines, to furnish l-prolinamides in 20-80% yield. The cytotoxicities of 4a-4w against four human carcinoma cell lines (SGC7901, HCT-116, HepG2 and A549) were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; with good tumour inhibitory activities (79.50 ± 1.24%-50.04 ± 1.45%) against HepG2. 4a exhibited the best anti-tumour activity against A549 with percentage cell inhibition of 95.41 ± 0.67% at 100 µM. Likewise, 4s (70.13 ± 3.41%) and 4u (83.36 ± 1.70%) displayed stronger antineoplastic potencies against A549 than the standard, 5-fluorouracil (64.29 ± 2.09%), whereas 4a (93.33 ± 1.36%) and 4u (81.29 ± 2.32%) outperformed the reference (81.20 ± 0.08%) against HCT-116. SGC7901 showed lower percentage cell viabilities with 4u (8.02 ± 1.54%) and 4w (27.27 ± 2.38%). These results underscore the antiproliferative efficacies of l-prolinamides while exposing 4a and 4u as promising broad-spectrum anti-cancer agents. Structure-activity relationship studies are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adejoke Osinubi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
- Chemical Sciences Department, College of Science and Information Technology, Tai Solarin University of Education, P.M.B. 2118, Ijebu Ode, Ogun Postal, Nigeria
| | - Josephat Izunobi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Xiaoguang Bao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Olayinka Asekun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Jiehong Kong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshan Gui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Oluwole Familoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Frattaruolo L, Brindisi M, Curcio R, Marra F, Dolce V, Cappello AR. Targeting the Mitochondrial Metabolic Network: A Promising Strategy in Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176014. [PMID: 32825551 PMCID: PMC7503725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, which implements a profound metabolic rewiring in order to support a high proliferation rate and to ensure cell survival in its complex microenvironment. Although initial studies considered glycolysis as a crucial metabolic pathway in tumor metabolism reprogramming (i.e., the Warburg effect), recently, the critical role of mitochondria in oncogenesis, tumor progression, and neoplastic dissemination has emerged. In this report, we examined the main mitochondrial metabolic pathways that are altered in cancer, which play key roles in the different stages of tumor progression. Furthermore, we reviewed the function of important molecules inhibiting the main mitochondrial metabolic processes, which have been proven to be promising anticancer candidates in recent years. In particular, inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), heme flux, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), glutaminolysis, mitochondrial dynamics, and biogenesis are discussed. The examined mitochondrial metabolic network inhibitors have produced interesting results in both preclinical and clinical studies, advancing cancer research and emphasizing that mitochondrial targeting may represent an effective anticancer strategy.
Collapse
|
20
|
Kulkarni CA, Nadtochiy SM, Kennedy L, Zhang J, Chhim S, Alwaseem H, Murphy E, Fu D, Brookes PS. ALKBH7 mediates necrosis via rewiring of glyoxal metabolism. eLife 2020; 9:58573. [PMID: 32795389 PMCID: PMC7442491 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkb homolog 7 (ALKBH7) is a mitochondrial α-ketoglutarate dioxygenase required for DNA alkylation-induced necrosis, but its function and substrates remain unclear. Herein, we show ALKBH7 regulates dialdehyde metabolism, which impacts the cardiac response to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Using a multi-omics approach, we find no evidence ALKBH7 functions as a prolyl-hydroxylase, but we do find Alkbh7-/- mice have elevated glyoxalase I (GLO-1), a dialdehyde detoxifying enzyme. Metabolic pathways related to the glycolytic by-product methylglyoxal (MGO) are rewired in Alkbh7-/- mice, along with elevated levels of MGO protein adducts. Despite greater glycative stress, hearts from Alkbh7-/- mice are protected against IR injury, in a manner blocked by GLO-1 inhibition. Integrating these observations, we propose ALKBH7 regulates glyoxal metabolism, and that protection against necrosis and cardiac IR injury bought on by ALKBH7 deficiency originates from the signaling response to elevated MGO stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya A Kulkarni
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Sergiy M Nadtochiy
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Leslie Kennedy
- NHLBI Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Jimmy Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Sophea Chhim
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Hanan Alwaseem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- NHLBI Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Dragony Fu
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Paul S Brookes
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Prag HA, Kula-Alwar D, Pala L, Caldwell ST, Beach TE, James AM, Saeb-Parsy K, Krieg T, Hartley RC, Murphy MP. Selective Delivery of Dicarboxylates to Mitochondria by Conjugation to a Lipophilic Cation via a Cleavable Linker. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3526-3540. [PMID: 32692564 PMCID: PMC7482397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Many
mitochondrial metabolites and bioactive molecules contain
two carboxylic acid moieties that make them unable to cross biological
membranes. Hence, there is considerable interest in facilitating the
uptake of these molecules into cells and mitochondria to modify or
report on their function. Conjugation to the triphenylphosphonium
(TPP) lipophilic cation is widely used to deliver molecules selectively
to mitochondria in response to the membrane potential. However, permanent
attachment to the cation can disrupt the biological function of small
dicarboxylates. Here, we have developed a strategy using TPP to release
dicarboxylates selectively within mitochondria. For this, the dicarboxylate
is attached to a TPP compound via a single ester bond, which is then
cleaved by intramitochondrial esterase activity, releasing the dicarboxylate
within the organelle. Leaving the second carboxylic acid free also
means mitochondrial uptake is dependent on the pH gradient across
the inner membrane. To assess this strategy, we synthesized a range
of TPP monoesters of the model dicarboxylate, malonate. We then tested
their mitochondrial accumulation and ability to deliver malonate to
isolated mitochondria and to cells, in vitro and in vivo. A TPP–malonate monoester compound, TPP11–malonate, in which the dicarboxylate group was attached
to the TPP compound via a hydrophobic undecyl link, was most effective
at releasing malonate within mitochondria in cells and in
vivo. Therefore, we have developed a TPP–monoester
platform that enables the selective release of bioactive dicarboxylates
within mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiran A Prag
- Molecular Research Center, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Duvaraka Kula-Alwar
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Pala
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart T Caldwell
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy E Beach
- Department of Surgery, Cambridge National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M James
- Molecular Research Center, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Kourosh Saeb-Parsy
- Department of Surgery, Cambridge National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C Hartley
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P Murphy
- Molecular Research Center, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kumari S, Carmona AV, Tiwari AK, Trippier PC. Amide Bond Bioisosteres: Strategies, Synthesis, and Successes. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12290-12358. [PMID: 32686940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The amide functional group plays a key role in the composition of biomolecules, including many clinically approved drugs. Bioisosterism is widely employed in the rational modification of lead compounds, being used to increase potency, enhance selectivity, improve pharmacokinetic properties, eliminate toxicity, and acquire novel chemical space to secure intellectual property. The introduction of a bioisostere leads to structural changes in molecular size, shape, electronic distribution, polarity, pKa, dipole or polarizability, which can be either favorable or detrimental to biological activity. This approach has opened up new avenues in drug design and development resulting in more efficient drug candidates introduced onto the market as well as in the clinical pipeline. Herein, we review the strategic decisions in selecting an amide bioisostere (the why), synthetic routes to each (the how), and success stories of each bioisostere (the implementation) to provide a comprehensive overview of this important toolbox for medicinal chemists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Angelica V Carmona
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bat-Erdene U, Kanayama D, Tan D, Turner WC, Houk KN, Ohashi M, Tang Y. Iterative Catalysis in the Biosynthesis of Mitochondrial Complex II Inhibitors Harzianopyridone and Atpenin B. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8550-8554. [PMID: 32365298 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The pentasubstituted pyridine natural products harzianopyridone and atpenins are potent inhibitors of mitochondrial complex II. We identified the pathways of these compounds from their fungal producers and uncovered that the biosynthetic steps require multiple iterative enzymes. In particular, a methyltransferase and a flavin-dependent monooxygenase are used iteratively to introduce C5 and C6 methoxy groups. The pathway unexpectedly requires the installation and removal of an N-methoxy group, which is proposed to be a directing group that tunes the reactivity of the pyridone ring, possibly through the alpha effect.
Collapse
|
24
|
Sarkadi B, Meszaros K, Krencz I, Canu L, Krokker L, Zakarias S, Barna G, Sebestyen A, Papay J, Hujber Z, Butz H, Darvasi O, Igaz P, Doczi J, Luconi M, Chinopoulos C, Patocs A. Glutaminases as a Novel Target for SDHB-Associated Pheochromocytomas/Paragangliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E599. [PMID: 32150977 PMCID: PMC7139890 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma/paragangliomas (Pheo/PGL) are rare endocrine cancers with strong genetic background. Mutations in the SDHB subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) predispose patients to malignant disease with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Using a host of cellular and molecular biology techniques in 2D and 3D cell culture formats we show that SDH inhibition had cell line specific biological and biochemical consequences. Based on our studies performed on PC12 (rat chromaffin cell line), Hela (human cervix epithelial cell line), and H295R (human adrenocortical cell line) cells, we demonstrated that chromaffin cells were not affected negatively by the inhibition of SDH either by siRNA directed against SDHB or treatment with SDH inhibitors (itaconate and atpenin A5). Cell viability and intracellular metabolite measurements pointed to the cell line specific consequences of SDH impairment and to the importance of glutamate metabolism in chromaffin cells. A significant increase in glutaminase-1 (GLS-1) expression after SDH impairment was observed in PC12 cells. GLS-1 inhibitor BPTES was capable of significantly decreasing proliferation of SDH impaired PC12 cells. Glutaminase-1 and SDHB expressions were tested in 35 Pheo/PGL tumor tissues. Expression of GLS1 was higher in the SDHB low expressed group compared to SDHB high expressed tumors. Our data suggest that the SDH-associated malignant potential of Pheo/PGL is strongly dependent on GLS-1 expression and glutaminases may be novel targets for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Sarkadi
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (S.Z.); (P.I.)
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (K.M.); (L.K.); (H.B.); (O.D.)
| | - Katalin Meszaros
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (K.M.); (L.K.); (H.B.); (O.D.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Bionics Innovation Center, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Ildiko Krencz
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (I.K.); (G.B.); (J.P.); (Z.H.)
| | - Letizia Canu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Lilla Krokker
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (K.M.); (L.K.); (H.B.); (O.D.)
- Bionics Innovation Center, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Sara Zakarias
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (S.Z.); (P.I.)
| | - Gabor Barna
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (I.K.); (G.B.); (J.P.); (Z.H.)
| | - Anna Sebestyen
- Bionics Innovation Center, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (I.K.); (G.B.); (J.P.); (Z.H.)
| | - Judit Papay
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (I.K.); (G.B.); (J.P.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zoltan Hujber
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (I.K.); (G.B.); (J.P.); (Z.H.)
| | - Henriett Butz
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (K.M.); (L.K.); (H.B.); (O.D.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Bionics Innovation Center, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Otto Darvasi
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (K.M.); (L.K.); (H.B.); (O.D.)
- Bionics Innovation Center, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Peter Igaz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (S.Z.); (P.I.)
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Doczi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (J.D.); (C.C.)
| | - Michaela Luconi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Christos Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (J.D.); (C.C.)
| | - Attila Patocs
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (K.M.); (L.K.); (H.B.); (O.D.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Bionics Innovation Center, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ohtawa M, Yano K, Miyao A, Hiura T, Sugiyama K, Arima S, Kita K, Omura S, Nagamitsu T. Structure–activity relationship studies of atpenin A5 analogs with chemical modification of the side chain moiety. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
26
|
Wang S, Wu H, Chen F, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Sun B. The antitumor activity of 4,4′-bipyridinium amphiphiles. RSC Adv 2019; 9:33023-33028. [PMID: 35529125 PMCID: PMC9073189 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06172j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of 4,4′-bipyridinium amphiphiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
- PR China
| | - Hongshuai Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
- PR China
| | - Fanghui Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
- PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
- PR China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
- PR China
| | - Baiwang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
- PR China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Calixto NM, dos Santos DB, Bezerra JCB, Silva LDA. In silico repositioning of approved drugs against Schistosoma mansoni energy metabolism targets. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203340. [PMID: 30596650 PMCID: PMC6312253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected parasitosis caused by Schistosoma spp. Praziquantel is used for the chemoprophylaxis and treatment of this disease. Although this monotherapy is effective, the risk of resistance and its low efficiency against immature worms compromises its effectiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new schistosomicide drugs. However, the development of new drugs is a long and expensive process. The repositioning of approved drugs has been proposed as a quick, cheap, and effective alternative to solve this problem. This study employs chemogenomic analysis with use of bioinformatics tools to search, identify, and analyze data on approved drugs with the potential to inhibit Schistosoma mansoni energy metabolism enzymes. The TDR Targets Database, Gene DB, Protein, DrugBank, Therapeutic Targets Database (TTD), Promiscuous, and PubMed databases were used. Fifty-nine target proteins were identified, of which 18 had one or more approved drugs. The results identified 20 potential drugs for schistosomiasis treatment; all approved for use in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Melo Calixto
- Department of Bioinformatics, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano—Campus Ceres, Ceres, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Daniela Braz dos Santos
- LAERPH- Laboratory of Parasite-Host Relationship Study, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - José Clecildo Barreto Bezerra
- LAERPH- Laboratory of Parasite-Host Relationship Study, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lourival de Almeida Silva
- Department of Bioinformatics, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano—Campus Ceres, Ceres, Goiás, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Succinate Accumulation Is Associated with a Shift of Mitochondrial Respiratory Control and HIF-1α Upregulation in PTEN Negative Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072129. [PMID: 30037119 PMCID: PMC6073160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea of using metabolic aberrations as targets for diagnosis or therapeutic intervention has recently gained increasing interest. In a previous study, our group discovered intriguing differences in the oxidative mitochondrial respiration capacity of benign and prostate cancer (PCa) cells. In particular, we found that PCa cells had a higher total respiratory activity than benign cells. Moreover, PCa cells showed a substantial shift towards succinate-supported mitochondrial respiration compared to benign cells, indicating a re-programming of respiratory control. This study aimed to investigate the role of succinate and its main plasma membrane transporter NaDC3 (sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter member 3) in PCa cells and to determine whether targeting succinate metabolism can be potentially used to inhibit PCa cell growth. Using high-resolution respirometry analysis, we observed that ROUTINE respiration in viable cells and succinate-supported respiration in permeabilized cells was higher in cells lacking the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin-homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), which is frequently lost in PCa. In addition, loss of PTEN was associated with increased intracellular succinate accumulation and higher expression of NaDC3. However, siRNA-mediated knockdown of NaDC3 only moderately influenced succinate metabolism and did not affect PCa cell growth. By contrast, mersalyl acid—a broad acting inhibitor of dicarboxylic acid carriers—strongly interfered with intracellular succinate levels and resulted in reduced numbers of PCa cells. These findings suggest that blocking NaDC3 alone is insufficient to intervene with altered succinate metabolism associated with PCa. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that loss of PTEN is associated with increased succinate accumulation and enhanced succinate-supported respiration, which cannot be overcome by inhibiting the succinate transporter NaDC3 alone.
Collapse
|
29
|
Gorska-Ponikowska M, Kuban-Jankowska A, Eisler SA, Perricone U, Lo Bosco G, Barone G, Nussberger S. 2-Methoxyestradiol Affects Mitochondrial Biogenesis Pathway and Succinate Dehydrogenase Complex Flavoprotein Subunit A in Osteosarcoma Cancer Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 15:73-89. [PMID: 29275365 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Dysregulation of mitochondrial pathways is implicated in several diseases, including cancer. Notably, mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial biogenesis are favored in some invasive cancer cells, such as osteosarcoma. Hence, the aim of the current work was to investigate the effects of 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME), a potent anticancer agent, on the mitochondrial biogenesis of osteosarcoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Highly metastatic osteosarcoma 143B cells were treated with 2-ME separately or in combination with L-lactate, or with the solvent (non-treated control cells). Protein levels of α-syntrophin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) were determined by western blotting. Impact of 2-ME on mitochondrial mass, regulation of cytochrome c oxidase I (COXI) expression, and succinate dehydrogenase complex flavoprotein subunit A (SDHA) was determined by immunofluorescence analyses. Inhibition of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) activity by 2-ME was investigated by fluorescence assay and also, using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. RESULTS L-lactate induced mitochondrial biogenesis pathway via up-regulation of COXI. 2-ME inhibited mitochondrial biogenesis via regulation of PGC-1α, COXI, and SIRT3 in a concentration-dependent manner as a consequence of nuclear recruitment of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide generation. It was also proved that 2-ME inhibited SIRT3 activity by binding to both the canonical and allosteric inhibitor binding sites. Moreover, regardless of the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway, 2-ME affected the expression of SDHA. CONCLUSION Herein, mitochondrial biogenesis pathway regulation and SDHA were presented as novel targets of 2-ME, and moreover, 2-ME was demonstrated as a potent inhibitor of SIRT3. L-lactate was confirmed to exert pro-carcinogenic effects on osteosarcoma cells via the induction of the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway. Thus, L-lactate level may be considered as a prognostic biomarker for osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Gorska-Ponikowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland .,Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Stephan A Eisler
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Giosuè Lo Bosco
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stephan Nussberger
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Verma K, Gupta N, Zang T, Wangtrakluldee P, Srivastava SK, Penning TM, Trippier PC. AKR1C3 Inhibitor KV-37 Exhibits Antineoplastic Effects and Potentiates Enzalutamide in Combination Therapy in Prostate Adenocarcinoma Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1833-1845. [PMID: 29891491 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3), also known as type 5 17 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, is responsible for intratumoral androgen biosynthesis, contributing to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and eventual chemotherapeutic failure. Significant upregulation of AKR1C3 is observed in CRPC patient samples and derived CRPC cell lines. As AKR1C3 is a downstream steroidogenic enzyme synthesizing intratumoral testosterone (T) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the enzyme represents a promising therapeutic target to manage CRPC and combat the emergence of resistance to clinically employed androgen deprivation therapy. Herein, we demonstrate the antineoplastic activity of a potent, isoform-selective and hydrolytically stable AKR1C3 inhibitor (E)-3-(4-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3-(3-phenylpropanamido)phenyl)acrylic acid (KV-37), which reduces prostate cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo and sensitizes CRPC cell lines (22Rv1 and LNCaP1C3) toward the antitumor effects of enzalutamide. Crucially, KV-37 does not induce toxicity in nonmalignant WPMY-1 prostate cells nor does it induce weight loss in mouse xenografts. Moreover, KV-37 reduces androgen receptor (AR) transactivation and prostate-specific antigen expression levels in CRPC cell lines indicative of a therapeutic effect in prostate cancer. Combination studies of KV-37 with enzalutamide reveal a very high degree of synergistic drug interaction that induces significant reduction in prostate cancer cell viability via apoptosis, resulting in >200-fold potentiation of enzalutamide action in drug-resistant 22Rv1 cells. These results demonstrate a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of drug-resistant CRPC that invariably develops in prostate cancer patients following initial treatment with AR antagonists such as enzalutamide. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(9); 1833-45. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Nehal Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Tianzhu Zang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Phumvadee Wangtrakluldee
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sanjay K Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas.,Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, Texas
| | - Trevor M Penning
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas. .,Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nayak AP, Kapur A, Barroilhet L, Patankar MS. The fiber arrangement of the pathological human tympanic membrane. Cancers (Basel) 1981; 10:cancers10090337. [PMID: 30231564 PMCID: PMC6162441 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10090337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is an important metabolic adaptation of cancer cells. There is growing evidence that oxidative phosphorylation is also an active metabolic pathway in many tumors, including in high grade serous ovarian cancer. Metastasized ovarian tumors use fatty acids for their energy needs. There is also evidence of ovarian cancer stem cells privileging oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for their metabolic needs. Metformin and thiazolidinediones such as rosiglitazone restrict tumor growth by inhibiting specific steps in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. These observations suggest that strategies to interfere with oxidative phosphorylation should be considered for the treatment of ovarian tumors. Here, we review the literature that supports this hypothesis and describe potential agents and critical control points in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway that can be targeted using small molecule agents. In this review, we also discuss potential barriers that can reduce the efficacy of the inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amruta P Nayak
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 54911, USA.
| | - Arvinder Kapur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 54911, USA.
| | - Lisa Barroilhet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 54911, USA.
| | - Manish S Patankar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 54911, USA.
| |
Collapse
|