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Bhattacharjee A, Jana A, Bhattacharjee S, Mitra S, De S, Alghamdi BS, Alam MZ, Mahmoud AB, Al Shareef Z, Abdel-Rahman WM, Woon-Khiong C, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Ashraf GM. The role of Aquaporins in tumorigenesis: implications for therapeutic development. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:106. [PMID: 38336645 PMCID: PMC10854195 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01459-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are ubiquitous channel proteins that play a critical role in the homeostasis of the cellular environment by allowing the transit of water, chemicals, and ions. They can be found in many different types of cells and organs, including the lungs, eyes, brain, glands, and blood vessels. By controlling the osmotic water flux in processes like cell growth, energy metabolism, migration, adhesion, and proliferation, AQPs are capable of exerting their regulatory influence over a wide range of cellular processes. Tumour cells of varying sources express AQPs significantly, especially in malignant tumours with a high propensity for metastasis. New insights into the roles of AQPs in cell migration and proliferation reinforce the notion that AQPs are crucial players in tumour biology. AQPs have recently been shown to be a powerful tool in the fight against pathogenic antibodies and metastatic cell migration, despite the fact that the molecular processes of aquaporins in pathology are not entirely established. In this review, we shall discuss the several ways in which AQPs are expressed in the body, the unique roles they play in tumorigenesis, and the novel therapeutic approaches that could be adopted to treat carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadyuti Bhattacharjee
- Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, USA
| | - Ankit Jana
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Swagato Bhattacharjee
- KoshKey Sciences Pvt Ltd, Canara Bank Layout, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Rajiv Gandhi Nagar, Kodigehalli, 560065, India
| | - Sankalan Mitra
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Swagata De
- Department of English, DDE Unit, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Badrah S Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pre-clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Zubair Alam
- Pre-clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah, Almunwarah, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Al Shareef
- College of Medicine, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael M Abdel-Rahman
- College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chan Woon-Khiong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore.
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, Greece
- Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, 1030, Wien, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, University of Witten-Herdecke, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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Yang W, Lin L, Lu T, Yu H, Zhang S. Identification of EMT-associated prognostic features among grade II/III gliomas. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2822. [PMID: 38307919 PMCID: PMC10837424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Grade II/III gliomas have a highly heterogeneous clinical course. Identifying prognostic biomarkers in grade II/III gliomas is essential to guide clinical management. We explored epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes to uncover prognostic features in grade II/III gliomas. Consensus cluster analysis of 200 EMT-related genes classified 512 grade II/III glioma samples into two molecular subtypes, C1 and C2. The C1 subtype had significantly worse overall survival compared to the C2 subtype. Pathway analysis revealed C1 tumors were highly associated with tumor progression pathways and demonstrated higher immune cell infiltration scores. Differential expression analysis identified four genes (ACTN1, AQP1, LAMC3, NRM) that discriminated the two subtypes. Validation in external datasets confirmed that high expression of this four-gene signature predicted poor prognosis in grade II/III gliomas. Cellular experiments showed ACTN1, AQP1 and NRM promoted glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. We examined correlations of the signature genes with T cell exhaustion markers and found ACTN1 expression had the strongest association. Immunohistochemistry analysis further demonstrated that ACTN1 protein expression in grade II/III gliomas was negatively correlated with patient overall survival. In summary, our study identified a concise four-gene signature that robustly predicts grade II/III gliomas prognosis across multiple datasets. The signature provides clinical relevance in distinguishing more aggressive grade II/III glioma tumors. Targeting the ACTN1, AQP1 and NRM genes may offer new therapeutic opportunities to improve grade II/III gliomas patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangbin Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianqi Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- Obesity and Metabolism Medicine-Engineering Integration Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sunfu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China.
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Guan Y, Han J, Chen D, Zhan Y, Chen J. Aquaporin 1 overexpression may enhance glioma tumorigenesis by interacting with the transcriptional regulation networks of Foxo4, Maz, and E2F families. Chin Neurosurg J 2023; 9:34. [PMID: 38057925 DOI: 10.1186/s41016-023-00342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glioblastoma has served as a valuable experimental model system for investigating the growth and invasive properties of glioblastoma. Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in facilitating cell migration and potentially contributing to tumor progression. In this study, we analyzed the role of AQP1 overexpression in glioblastoma and elucidated the main mechanisms involved. METHODS AQP1 overexpression recombinant vector was introduced into C6 rat glioma cells to construct an AQP1 overexpression C6 cell line, and its effect on cell viability and migration ability was detected by MTT and Transwell. RNA was extracted by Trizol method for gene sequencing and transcriptomics analysis, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched for up- and downregulated genes by Principal component analysis (PCA), and the molecular mechanism of AQP1 overexpression was analyzed in comparison with the control group using the NCBI GEO database. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney paired two tailed t test. RESULTS The cell viability of AQP1-transfected cell lines increased by 23% and the mean distance traveled increased by 67% compared with the control group. Quantitative analysis of gene expression showed that there were 12,121 genes with an average transcripts per million (TPM) value greater than 1. DEGs accounted for 13% of the genes expressed, with the highest correlation with upregulated genes being FOXO4 and MAZ, and the highest with downregulated genes being E2F TFs. CONCLUSIONS AQP1 may be implicated in glioma formation by interacting with the transcriptional regulation networks involving the FOXO4, MAZ, and E2F1/2. These findings shed light on the potential significance of AQP1 in glioma pathogenesis and warrant further investigations to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guan
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou City, 570102, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jinhua Han
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou City, 570102, Hainan Province, China
| | - Die Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou City, 570102, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yuefu Zhan
- Department of Radiology, Hainan Children's Hospital, Haikou City, 571103, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jianqiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou City, 570102, Hainan Province, China.
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Pellavio G, Martinotti S, Patrone M, Ranzato E, Laforenza U. Aquaporin-6 May Increase the Resistance to Oxidative Stress of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121892. [PMID: 35741021 PMCID: PMC9221246 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer of the pleural surface and is associated with previous asbestos exposure. The chemotherapy drug is one of the main treatments, but the median survival ranges from 8 to 14 months from diagnosis. The redox homeostasis of tumor cells should be carefully considered since elevated levels of ROS favor cancer cell progression (proliferation and migration), while a further elevation leads to ferroptosis. This study aims to analyze the functioning/role of aquaporins (AQPs) as a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) channel in epithelial and biphasic MPM cell lines, as well as their possible involvement in chemotherapy drug resistance. Results show that AQP-3, -5, -6, -9, and -11 were expressed at mRNA and protein levels. AQP-6 was localized in the plasma membrane and intracellular structures. Compared to normal mesothelial cells, the water permeability of mesothelioma cells is not reduced by exogenous oxidative stress, but it is considerably increased by heat stress, making these cells resistant to ferroptosis. Functional experiments performed in mesothelioma cells silenced for aquaporin-6 revealed that it is responsible, at least in part, for the increase in H2O2 efflux caused by heat stress. Moreover, mesothelioma cells knocked down for AQP-6 showed a reduced proliferation compared to mock cells. Current findings suggest the major role of AQP-6 in providing mesothelioma cells with the ability to resist oxidative stress that underlies their resistance to chemotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Pellavio
- Human Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Simona Martinotti
- DiSIT-Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, University of Piemonte Orientale, viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (S.M.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Mauro Patrone
- DiSIT-Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, University of Piemonte Orientale, viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (S.M.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Elia Ranzato
- DiSIT-Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, University of Piemonte Orientale, viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (S.M.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Human Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-98-7568
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Liao M, Qin R, Huang W, Zhu HP, Peng F, Han B, Liu B. Targeting regulated cell death (RCD) with small-molecule compounds in triple-negative breast cancer: a revisited perspective from molecular mechanisms to targeted therapies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:44. [PMID: 35414025 PMCID: PMC9006445 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of human breast cancer with one of the worst prognoses, with no targeted therapeutic strategies currently available. Regulated cell death (RCD), also known as programmed cell death (PCD), has been widely reported to have numerous links to the progression and therapy of many types of human cancer. Of note, RCD can be divided into numerous different subroutines, including autophagy-dependent cell death, apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis and anoikis. More recently, targeting the subroutines of RCD with small-molecule compounds has been emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy, which has rapidly progressed in the treatment of TNBC. Therefore, in this review, we focus on summarizing the molecular mechanisms of the above-mentioned seven major RCD subroutines related to TNBC and the latest progress of small-molecule compounds targeting different RCD subroutines. Moreover, we further discuss the combined strategies of one drug (e.g., narciclasine) or more drugs (e.g., torin-1 combined with chloroquine) to achieve the therapeutic potential on TNBC by regulating RCD subroutines. More importantly, we demonstrate several small-molecule compounds (e.g., ONC201 and NCT03733119) by targeting the subroutines of RCD in TNBC clinical trials. Taken together, these findings will provide a clue on illuminating more actionable low-hanging-fruit druggable targets and candidate small-molecule drugs for potential RCD-related TNBC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minru Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Hong-Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.,Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Yin Z, Chen W, Yin J, Sun J, Xie Q, Wu M, Zeng F, Ren H. RIPK1 is a negative mediator in Aquaporin 1-driven triple-negative breast carcinoma progression and metastasis. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:53. [PMID: 33980862 PMCID: PMC8115349 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer. In TNBC, Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), a water-transporting transmembrane protein, is aberrantly enriched in cytoplasm and causes tumor cell death evasion. However, the carcinogenetic bioactivities of cytoplasmic AQP1 cannot be attributed to the canonical "osmotic engine model". In the present study, the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), a cell death regulator, was identified to negatively mediate AQP1-driven TNBC progression and metastasis. AQP1 overabundance and RIPK1 depletion occurred in TNBC, which were correlated with aggressive oncological features and poor prognosis. AQP1 bound with RIPK1, resulting in the inhibition of RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis and RIPK1/caspase-8/caspase-3-mediated apoptosis. Genetic inhibition of RIPK1 significantly exacerbated the pro-tumor effect of AQP1, while ectopic expression of RIPK1 notably blunted AQP1 signaling. Mechanistically, AQP1 binds to the D324 site of RIPK1, and facilitates RIPK1 cleavage and inactivation by excessively activating the caspase-8/RIPK1 negative feedback loop. RIPK1D324K overexpression significantly prevented RIPK1 cleavage and weakened the aggressiveness of AQP1-enriched TNBC cells. Overall, our findings clarify the underlying mechanism of cytoplasmic AQP1-driven TNBC progression and metastasis, in which RIPK1 exerts an essential role as a negative mediator and exhibits the potential as a therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuming Yin
- Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Oncoplastic Breast Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Oncoplastic Breast Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyan Sun
- Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Oncoplastic Breast Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianrong Xie
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Min Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanxin Zeng
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China.
| | - Huiwen Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Yadav E, Yadav N, Hus A, Yadav JS. Aquaporins in lung health and disease: Emerging roles, regulation, and clinical implications. Respir Med 2020; 174:106193. [PMID: 33096317 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) aka water channels are a family of conserved transmembrane proteins (~30 kDa monomers) expressed in various organ systems. Of the 13 AQPs (AQP0 through AQP12) in the human body, four (AQPs 1, 3, 4, and 5) are expressed in the respiratory system. These channels are conventionally known for mediating transcellular fluid movements. Certain AQPs (aquaglyceroporins) have the capability to transport glycerol and potentially other solutes. There is an emerging body of literature unveiling the non-conventional roles of AQPs such as in cell proliferation and migration, gas permeation, signal potentiation, etc. Initial gene knock-out studies established a physiological role for lung AQPs, particularly AQP5, in maintaining homeostasis, by mediating fluid secretion from submucosal glands onto the airway surface liquid (ASL) lining. Subsequent studies have highlighted the functional significance of AQPs, particularly AQP1 and AQP5 in lung pathophysiology and diseases, including but not limited to chronic and acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), other inflammatory lung conditions, and lung cancer. AQP1 has been suggested as a potential prognostic marker for malignant mesothelioma. Recent efforts are directed toward exploiting AQPs as targets for diagnosis, prevention, intervention, and/or treatment of various lung conditions. Emerging information on regulatory pathways and directed mechanistic research are posited to unravel novel strategies for these clinical implications. Future considerations should focus on development of AQP inhibitors, blockers, and modulators for therapeutic needs, and better understanding the role of lung-specific AQPs in inter-individual susceptibility to chronic lung diseases such as COPD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Yadav
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Niket Yadav
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908-0738, USA
| | - Ariel Hus
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, 33146, USA
| | - Jagjit S Yadav
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
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Chow PH, Bowen J, Yool AJ. Combined Systematic Review and Transcriptomic Analyses of Mammalian Aquaporin Classes 1 to 10 as Biomarkers and Prognostic Indicators in Diverse Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1911. [PMID: 32679804 PMCID: PMC7409285 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin (AQP) channels enable regulated transport of water and solutes essential for fluid homeostasis, but they are gaining attention as targets for anticancer therapies. Patterns of AQP expression and survival rates for patients were evaluated by systematic review (PubMed and Embase) and transcriptomic analyses of RNAseq data (Human Protein Atlas database). Meta-analyses confirmed predominantly negative associations between AQP protein and RNA expression levels and patient survival times, most notably for AQP1 in lung, breast and prostate cancers; AQP3 in esophageal, liver and breast cancers; and AQP9 in liver cancer. Patterns of AQP expression were clustered for groups of cancers and associated with risk of death. A quantitative transcriptomic analysis of AQP1-10 in human cancer biopsies similarly showed that increased transcript levels of AQPs 1, 3, 5 and 9 were most frequently associated with poor survival. Unexpectedly, increased AQP7 and AQP8 levels were associated with better survival times in glioma, ovarian and endometrial cancers, and increased AQP11 with better survival in colorectal and breast cancers. Although molecular mechanisms of aquaporins in pathology or protection remain to be fully defined, results here support the hypothesis that overexpression of selected classes of AQPs differentially augments cancer progression. Beyond fluid homeostasis, potential roles for AQPs in cancers (suggested from an expanding appreciation of their functions in normal tissues) include cell motility, membrane process extension, transport of signaling molecules, control of proliferation and apoptosis, increased mechanical compliance, and gas exchange. AQP expression also has been linked to differences in sensitivity to chemotherapy treatments, suggesting possible roles as biomarkers for personalized treatments. Development of AQP pharmacological modulators, administered in cancer-specific combinations, might inspire new interventions for controlling malignant carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea J Yool
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; (P.H.C.); (J.B.)
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Tsai CM. AqF026 may act as a cancer therapeutic agent via inducing cancer cell oncosis. Med Hypotheses 2020; 140:109685. [PMID: 32220711 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and metastasis is the major cause of death in cancer, therefore, treatments to attenuate metastasis are urgently needed. Cell migration is indispensable in metastatic cascade, and aquaporins (AQPs) promote cell migration by facilitating water influx at cell front (lamellipodia). In fact, AQPs overexpressed widely among many cancer types. Accordingly, previous efforts of targeting AQPs as strategies of cancer treatments were based on AQP inhibitors, yet the efficacy of AQP inhibition was limited based on recent surveys. On the contrary, whether AQP agonist has role in cancer treatments has not been explored. AqF026, an AQP1 agonist, was initially applied to a mouse model of peritoneal dialysis. Herein, we aimed to apply AqF026 to magnify the water influx into lamellipodia of migrating cancer cells so as to induce oncosis by causing overloaded cancer cell swelling in advance of metastatic cascade. Cell swelling is a characteristic of oncosis. With impairment or insufficient regulatory volume decrease (RVD), cell swelling can lead to oncosis. Cancer cells with metastatic potentials shared the same population of cancer cells with multidrug resistance (MDR) lineage, and the impairment or insufficient RVD is shown in cancer cells with MDR. Taken together, the author hypothesized that given appropriate concentration or dose of AQP1 agonist AqF026, the AqF026 may induce oncosis of cancer cells preferentially rather than normal cells by causing overloaded water influx via AQP1 and consequent irreversible cell swelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Min Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pediatrics, MacKay Children Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wei M, Yu H, Zhang Y, Zeng J, Cai C, Shi R. Decreased expression of aquaporin 1 correlates with clinicopathological features of patients with cervical cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2843-2851. [PMID: 31118662 PMCID: PMC6499498 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s194650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to investigate the expression dynamics of Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in cervical cancer and evaluate correlations among AQP1 levels and the clinicopathological features of patients with cervical cancer. Patients and methods:AQP1 mRNA and protein levels in cervical cancer and adjacent normal tissues were evaluated by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for AQP1 was performed with a tissue microarray of cervical cancer (containing 63 cases of squamous cell cervical cancers and 10 normal cervical tissues) to investigate clinicopathological outcomes. Cut-off scores for positive expression of AQP1 were determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The χ2 test was used to analyze correlations among AQP1 expression and clinicopathological features of cervical cancer. Results: The expression of AQP1 was decreased in the majority of cervical cancer tissues by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Positive expression of AQP1 was observed in 100% (10/10) of normal cervical tissues and in 42.86% (27/63) of cervical cancer tissues by IHC analysis. The cut-off score for positive expression of AQP1 was determined to be 45% of cancer cells. Decreased expression of AQP1 was correlated with clinicopathological features including; poor pathological grade (P=0.000), late International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage (P=0.008), and positive lymph nodes (P=0.002). Conclusion: These data suggest that decreased expression of AQP1 correlated with progressive features in patients with cervical cancer. AQP1 levels may serve as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wei
- Clinical Laboratory, Nanshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518067, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuixia Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People's Republic of China
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11
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Aquaporins 1, 3 and 5 in Different Tumors, their Expression, Prognosis Value and Role as New Therapeutic Targets. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:615-625. [PMID: 30927206 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
All different types of metabolism of tumors are dependent on the flow of water molecules through the biological membrane, where fluid transfer interceded by aquaporins (AQPs) are the basis means for water entrance into the cells or outside them. Aquaporins play other roles including cellular migration, cellular expansion and cellular adhesion facilitation. Therefore, regulators of AQPs may be useful anticancer agents. Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Sciences were searched. From among the papers found, 106 were related to the subject. All of the examined cancers in relation to AQP1 included adenoid cystic carcinoma, bladder, breast, cervical, colon, colorectal, hepatocellular, lung, ovarian, plural mesothelioma, prostate, renal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. All of the studied cancers in relation with AQP3 included gastric, breast, prostate, lung, pancreas, skin, bladder, squamous cell carcinoma, cervical, adenoid cystic carcinoma, colon, colorectal, ovarian, and hepatocellular cancers and with regard to AQP5 were lung, squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian, adenoid cystic carcinoma, breast, colon, colorectal, hepatic, pancreas, gallbladder, prostate, and gastric cancers. Over or under-expression of AQP1, 3 and is exist in the mentioned cancers across different studies. Over-expression of AQP1, AQP3 and AQP5 is clearly associated with carcinogenesis, metastasis, reduced survival rate, lymph node metastasis, poorer prognosis, and cellular migration. Also, cancer treatments in relation to these markers suggest AQP reduction during the treatment.
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12
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Senk B, Goricar K, Kovac V, Dolzan V, Franko A. Genetic polymorphisms in aquaporin 1 as risk factors for malignant mesothelioma and biomarkers of response to cisplatin treatment. Radiol Oncol 2019; 53:96-104. [PMID: 30840592 PMCID: PMC6411020 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2019-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an asbestos related aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate if aquaporin 1 (AQP1) genetic polymorphisms influence the risk of MM and the response to cisplatin based MM treatment. Patients and methods The case-control study included 231 patients with MM and a control group of 316 healthy blood donors. All subjects were genotyped for three AQP1polymorphisms (rs1049305, rs1476597 and rs28362731). Logistic and Cox regression were used in statistical analysis. Results AQP1 rs1049305 polymorphism was significantly associated with MM risk in dominant model adjusted for gender and age (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.37-0.96, Padj = 0.033). This polymorphism was also significantly associated with cisplatin based treatment related anaemia (unadjusted: OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.27-0.90, P = 0.021; adjusted: for CRP: OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.27-0.99, P = 0.046), with leukopenia (OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.00-4.35, P = 0.049) in dominant model and with thrombocytopenia (OR = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.01-9.28, P = 0.048) and alopecia (OR = 2.92, 95% CI = 1.00-8.46, P = 0.049) in additive model. AQP1 rs28362731 was significantly associated with thrombocytopenia (unadjusted: OR = 3.73, 95% CI = 1.00-13.84, P = 0.049; adjusted for pain: OR = 4.63, 95% CI = 1.13-19.05, P = 0.034) in additive model. Conclusions AQP1 may play a role in the risk of MM. Furthermore, AQP1 genotype information could improve the prediction of MM patients at increased risk for cisplatin toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Senk
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Goricar
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Viljem Kovac
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vita Dolzan
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Franko
- Clinical Institute of Occupational Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Assoc. Prof. Alenka Franko, M.D., Ph.D., Clinical Institute of Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Ljubljana,
Ljubljana, Poljanski nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Phone: +386 1 5222 119; Fax: +386 1 5222 478; E-mail: ;
ORCID ID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9548-3786
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13
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Angelico G, Ieni A, Caltabiano R, Zeppa P, Tuccari G. Aquaporin-1 expression in fluoro-edenite-induced mesothelioma effusions: An approach by cell-block procedure. Cytopathology 2018; 29:455-460. [PMID: 29873855 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aquaporin 1 (AQP-1) is a water channel protein found in cell membranes, whose expression has been considered an independent favourable prognostic factor in pleural malignant mesothelioma (MM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of AQP-1 and its prognostic value in a series of pleural MM effusions, from a geographical area with high concentrations of fluoro-edenite (FE). METHODS We selected 25 MM cases from Biancavilla (Italy), an area with high environmental concentrations of FE. Cytological samples, cell-blocks (CB), clinical and follow-up data were available for all cases. Immunohistochemistry for calretinin, CK5/6, WT1, CK7 and TTF1 was used on CB sections to confirm the cytological diagnosis of MM. Immunohistochemistry for AQP-1 was performed and high expression was defined when ≥50% of tumour cells showed linear and circumferential membranous staining. RESULTS The cohort included 16 men and nine women (median age: 67.5 years; range: 49-88 years). The median survival was 14 months (range 1.5-60 months), with a significant value (P = 0.006). All cases have been histologically confirmed and classified as epithelioid (16 cases), biphasic (seven cases) and sarcomatoid (two cases). AQP-1 high expression has been observed in 16 cases. Comparing AQP-1 high expression to the survival of corresponding patients, a significant association with a slight increased overall survival of 12 months has been demonstrated. Nine patients with a AQP-1 score less than 50% showed a shorter median overall survival (7 months). CONCLUSIONS AQP-1 high expression is detectable on cytological samples of FE-induced MM with a prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Angelico
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Unit of Pathological Anatomy, University of Messina, AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | - A Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Unit of Pathological Anatomy, University of Messina, AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | - R Caltabiano
- Department "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Pathologic Anatomy, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - P Zeppa
- Pathological Anatomy, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - G Tuccari
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Unit of Pathological Anatomy, University of Messina, AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
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14
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Bellezza G, Vannucci J, Bianconi F, Metro G, Del Sordo R, Andolfi M, Ferri I, Siccu P, Ludovini V, Puma F, Sidoni A, Cagini L. Prognostic implication of aquaporin 1 overexpression in resected lung adenocarcinoma. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2018; 25:856-861. [PMID: 29106595 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aquaporins (AQPs) are a group of transmembrane water-selective channel proteins thought to play a role in the regulation of water permeability for plasma membranes. Indeed, high AQP levels have been suggested to promote the progression, invasion and metastasis of tumours. Specifically, AQP1 and AQP5 overexpression in lung adenocarcinoma (AC) have been suggested to be involved in molecular mechanisms in lung cancer. The aim of this retrospective cohort single-centre study was to assess both the levels of expression and therein the prognostic significance, regarding outcome of AQP1 and AQP5 in resected AC patients. METHODS Patients with histological diagnoses of lung AC submitted to pulmonary resection were included in this cohort study. Tissue microarrays containing cores from 185 ACs were prepared. AQP1 and AQP5 expressions were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results were scored as either low (Score 0-2) or high (Score 3-9). Clinical data, pathological tumour-node-metastasis staging and follow-up were recorded. Multivariate Cox survival analysis and Fisher's t-test were performed. RESULTS AQP1 overexpression was detected in 85 (46%) patients, while AQP5 overexpression was observed in 45 (24%) patients. AQP1 did not result being significantly correlated with clinical and pathological parameters, while AQP5 resulted more expressed in AC with mucinous and papillary predominant patterns. Patients with AQP1 overexpression had shorter disease-free survival (P = 0.001) compared with patients without AQP1 overexpression. Multivariate analysis confirmed that AQP1 overexpression was significantly associated with shorter disease-free survival (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results evidenced that AQP1 overexpression resulted in a shorter disease-free survival in lung AC patients. Being so, AQP1 overexpression might be an important prognostic marker in lung AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Bellezza
- Section of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jacopo Vannucci
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fortunato Bianconi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulio Metro
- Division of Medical Oncology, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rachele Del Sordo
- Section of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Andolfi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ivana Ferri
- Section of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Siccu
- Section of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Vienna Ludovini
- Division of Medical Oncology, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Puma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Angelo Sidoni
- Section of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucio Cagini
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
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15
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Yamazato Y, Shiozaki A, Ichikawa D, Kosuga T, Shoda K, Arita T, Konishi H, Komatsu S, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Okamoto K, Kishimoto M, Konishi E, Marunaka Y, Otsuji E. Aquaporin 1 suppresses apoptosis and affects prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29957-29974. [PMID: 30042826 PMCID: PMC6057448 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is a membrane protein whose main function is to transfer water across cellular membranes. Recent studies have described important roles for AQP1 in epithelial carcinogenesis and tumor behavior. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the role of AQP1 in the regulation of genes involved in tumor progression and the clinicopathological significance of its expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). An immunohistochemical analysis was performed on 50 primary tumor samples underwent esophagectomy. AQP1 was primarily located in the cytoplasm and/or the nuclear membrane of carcinoma cells. The 5-year survival rate of patients with the “cytoplasm dominant” expression of AQP1 (47.1%) was significantly lower than other patients (83.2%). The depletion of AQP1 using siRNA induced apoptosis in TE5 and TE15 cells. The results of microarray analysis revealed that Death receptor signaling pathway-related genes were changed in AQP1-depleted TE5 cells. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that the cytoplasm dominant expression of AQP1 is related to a poor prognosis in patients with ESCC, and that it activates tumor progression by affecting Death receptor signaling pathway. These results provide insights into the role of AQP1 as a mediator of and/or a biomarker for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Yamazato
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal, Breast & Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kosuga
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Shoda
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Fujiwara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazuma Okamoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kishimoto
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Departments of Molecular Cell Physiology and Bio-Ionomics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.,Japan Institute for Food Education and Health, St. Agnes' University, Kyoto, 602-8013, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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16
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Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: The Quest Goes on. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10060203. [PMID: 29914087 PMCID: PMC6025035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MM) is a highly aggressive tumor characterized by a poor prognosis. Although its carcinogenesis mechanism has not been strictly understood, about 80% of MM can be attributed to occupational and/or environmental exposure to asbestos fibers. The identification of non-invasive molecular markers for an early diagnosis of MM has been the subject of several studies aimed at diagnosing the disease at an early stage. The most studied biomarker is mesothelin, characterized by a good specificity, but it has low sensitivity, especially for non-epithelioid MM. Other protein markers are Fibulin-3 and osteopontin which have not, however, showed a superior diagnostic performance. Recently, interesting results have been reported for the HMGB1 protein in a small but limited series. An increase in channel proteins involved in water transport, aquaporins, have been identified as positive prognostic factors in MM, high levels of expression of aquaporins in tumor cells predict an increase in survival. MicroRNAs and protein panels are among the new indicators of interest. None of the markers available today are sufficiently reliable to be used in the surveillance of subjects exposed to asbestos or in the early detection of MM. Our aim is to give a detailed account of biomarkers available for MM.
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17
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Imaizumi H, Ishibashi K, Takenoshita S, Ishida H. Aquaporin 1 expression is associated with response to adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II and III colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6450-6456. [PMID: 29725400 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), which functions as a water transporter, is associated with cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis in numerous types of solid cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The focus of the present study was to address the potential clinical use of AQP1 expression in CRC as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for disease recurrence and therapeutic outcomes. The current study investigated the expression of AQP1 in surgically resected specimens from 268 patients with stage 0-IV CRC. AQP1 expression was positive in 112 (41.8%) patients, and was significantly associated with left-sided tumors (P<0.01) and with aggressive tumor phenotypes, including depth of invasion (P=0.03), lymph node metastasis (P=0.03), lymphatic invasion (P<0.01) and venous invasion (P<0.01). However, AQP1 expression had no significant prognostic effect on disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with stage II and III CRC following curative surgery. In 84 stage II and III patients who were administered 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy, positive AQP1 expression was associated with an increased DFS rate compared with that of AQP1-negative patients (P=0.05). Additionally, these results identified that receiving adjuvant chemotherapy was not beneficial to patients with AQP1-negative tumors. This suggests that the expression of AQP1 may be a candidate biomarker predictive of response to 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery in patients with stage II and III CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideko Imaizumi
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan.,Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Ishibashi
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan
| | - Seiichi Takenoshita
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ishida
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan
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18
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Angelico G, Caltabiano R, Loreto C, Ieni A, Tuccari G, Ledda C, Rapisarda V. Immunohistochemical Expression of Aquaporin-1 in Fluoro-Edenite-Induced Malignant Mesothelioma: A Preliminary Report. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E685. [PMID: 29495596 PMCID: PMC5877546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunohistochemical expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in asbestos-related malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is emerging as a useful prognostic indicator of improved survival. A significantly increased incidence of MPM in a small town in southern Italy was ascribed to exposure to fluoro-edenite (FE), a naturally occurring asbestos fiber. We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of AQP1 in patients affected by FE-related MPM; taking into consideration its suggested independent prognostic role, its possible correlation with clinicopathological parameters and patient outcome was also evaluated. METHODS Ten patients were selected for this study, as neoplastic tissue blocks, clinical and follow-up data were available. The immunohistochemical overexpression of AQP1 was defined as ≥50% of tumor cells showing membranous staining. RESULTS Six cases showed AQP1 expression in ≥50% of tumor cells; in this group, a significant association of AQP1 overexpression with an increased median overall survival (OS) of 26.3 months was observed. By contrast, four patients exhibited an AQP1 score of <50% of stained cells, with a shorter median OS of 8.9 months. CONCLUSIONS The present study represents further confirmation of the hypothesized prognostic role of AQP1, which seems a reliable prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Angelico
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
| | - Rosario Caltabiano
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Carla Loreto
- Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Tuccari
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
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19
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Shimasaki M, Kanazawa Y, Sato K, Tsuchiya H, Ueda Y. Aquaporin-1 and -5 are involved in the invasion and proliferation of soft tissue sarcomas. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 214:80-88. [PMID: 29258764 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Recent studies of several carcinomas have reported that aquaporin possesses novel oncogenic properties. The aim of this study was to clarify the involvement of aquaporin-1 and -5 in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of soft tissue sarcomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of aquaporin-1 and -5 was immunohistochemically examined in 73 soft tissue sarcomas as well as in benign, locally aggressive soft tissue tumors, and in soft tissues of adult humans and human fetuses. The mRNA and protein expression of aquaporin-1 and -5 genes were quantified in 19 sarcoma tissues. RESULTS Aquaporin-1 was expressed in the tumor cells of 37 (51%) and aquaporin-5 in 29 (40%) of 73 soft tissue sarcomas. Two expression patterns were identified: a differentiation-dependent pattern, similar to their expression in adult human soft tissue and in benign soft tissue tumors, and an aggressiveness-related pattern, that is similar to their expression in the mesenchymal cells of the developing fetal limb. The latter expression pattern proved to be an independent prognostic factor for patients with soft tissue sarcoma, in which aquaporin-1 was related to the invasiveness, and aquaporin-5 to the proliferation of soft tissue sarcoma cells. CONCLUSION These results indicate pivotal roles for aquaporin-1 and -5 in the aggressive growth and metastatic potential of soft tissue sarcomas, suggesting that they are promising targets for the treatment of patients with intractable soft tissue sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyako Shimasaki
- Department of Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, 920-0293 Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641 Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Sato
- Department of Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, 920-0293 Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641 Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Ueda
- Department of Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, 920-0293 Ishikawa, Japan.
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20
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Pulford E, McEvoy J, Hocking A, Prabhakaran S, Griggs K, Klebe S. The Effect of Aquaporin 1-Inhibition on Vasculogenic Mimicry in Malignant Mesothelioma. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112293. [PMID: 29104239 PMCID: PMC5713263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive malignancy of the serosal membranes, with poor overall survival and quality of life. Limited targeted treatment strategies exist due to restricted knowledge of pathogenic pathways. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a newly described phenomenon associated with increased aggressiveness in other malignancies, and has been characterized in MM. Normal mesothelium expresses aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and retained expression has been associated with improved survival in MM. AQP1 is expressed by normal vascular endothelium and is involved in mediating MM cell motility and proliferation. We investigated the role of AQP1 in VM, and its interaction with the pro-angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), which is variably expressed in MM. Matrigel VM assays were performed using NCI-H226 and NCI-H28 MM cell lines and primary cells in hypoxia and normoxia. The synthetic blocker AqB050 and siRNA were used to inhibit AQP1, and bevacizumab was used to inhibit VEGF. Inhibition of AQP1 resulted in increased VEGFA secretion by MM cells and reduced VM in MM cell lines in hypoxia but not normoxia. No change in VM was seen in MM primary cells. Combined inhibition of AQP1 and VEGF had no effect on VM in normoxia. In a heterotopic xenograft mouse model, AqB050 treatment did not alter vessel formation. AQP1 may interact with VEGFA and play a role in VM, especially under hypoxic conditions, but the heterogeneity of MM cells may result in different dominant pathways between patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Pulford
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia.
| | - James McEvoy
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia.
| | - Ashleigh Hocking
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia.
| | - Sarita Prabhakaran
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia.
- Department of Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide 5001, SA, Australia.
| | - Kim Griggs
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia.
| | - Sonja Klebe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia.
- Department of Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide 5001, SA, Australia.
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Malignant Mesothelioma, BAP1 Immunohistochemistry, and VEGFA: Does BAP1 Have Potential for Early Diagnosis and Assessment of Prognosis? DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:1310478. [PMID: 29085180 PMCID: PMC5612603 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1310478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive malignancy of the serosal membranes. Early diagnosis and accurate prognostication remain problematic. BAP1 is a tumour suppressor gene commonly mutated in MM. Germline BAP1 mutation has been associated with early onset and less aggressive disease compared with sporadic MM. Sporadic BAP1 mutations are common and are associated with improved survival in MM, contrary to other malignancies. This study investigated the prognostic role of BAP1 in matched cytology and surgical specimens and aimed to investigate the association between BAP1 and the established prognostic marker VEGFA from a cohort of 81 patients. BAP1 mutation was found in 58% of histology and 59% of cytology specimens. Loss of BAP1 expression in both surgical and cytology specimens was significantly associated with poorer survival in a multivariate analysis when controlling for known prognostic indicators. Increased levels of VEGFA in pleural effusions were associated with poor survival. We conclude that the prognostic significance of BAP1 mutations in MM cannot be determined in isolation of other prognostic factors, which may vary between patients. Pathologists should employ caution when commenting on prognostic implications of BAP1 status of MM patients in diagnostic pathology reports, but it may be useful for early diagnosis.
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Alabalık U, Türkcü G, Keleş AN, İbiloğlu İ, Urakçı Z, Büyükbayram H. Aquaporin 1, Aquaporin 3 and Aquaporin 5 expression and EGFR mutation in malignant pleural mesotheliomas: an imunohistochemical and molecular study. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2016.1264275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ulaş Alabalık
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Gül Türkcü
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Nur Keleş
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - İbrahim İbiloğlu
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Zuhat Urakçı
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Büyükbayram
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Usefulness of Aquaporin 1 as a Prognostic Marker in a Prospective Cohort of Malignant Mesotheliomas. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071041. [PMID: 27376267 PMCID: PMC4964417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumour of the serosal membranes, associated with exposure to asbestos. Survival is generally poor, but prognostication for individual patients is difficult. We recently described Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) as independent prognostic factor in two separate retrospective cohorts of MM patients. Here we assess the usefulness of AQP1 prospectively, and determine the inter-observer agreement in assessing AQP1 scores; (2) Methods: A total of 104 consecutive cases of MM were included. Sufficient tissue for immunohistochemistry was available for 100 cases, and these cases were labelled for AQP1. Labelling was assessed by two pathologists. Complete clinical information and follow up was available for 91 cases; (3) Results: Labelling of ≥50% of tumour cells for AQP indicated improved prognosis in a univariate model (median survival 13 versus 8 months, p = 0.008), but the significance was decreased in a multivariate analysis. Scoring for AQP1 was robust, with an inter-observer kappa value of 0.722, indicating substantial agreement between observers; (4) Conclusion: AQP1 is a useful prognostic marker that can be easily incorporated in existing diagnostic immunohistochemical panels and which can be reliably interpreted by different pathologists.
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Imrédi E, Tóth B, Doma V, Barbai T, Rásó E, Kenessey I, Tímár J. Aquaporin 1 protein expression is associated with BRAF V600 mutation and adverse prognosis in cutaneous melanoma. Melanoma Res 2016; 26:254-60. [PMID: 26848795 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite experimental findings suggesting the prognostic significance of Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in human melanoma, no published clinical data are available. We studied the expression of AQP1 protein in cutaneous melanoma, correlated our findings with standard histological and genetic markers, and long-term clinical follow-up. Our study evaluated the AQP1 protein expression in 78 melanoma patients, representing two predefined risk cohorts using the immune labeling technique with commercially available anti-AQP1 antibodies on routinely formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor tissue samples. BRAF V600E mutation analyses were carried out successfully in 70 patients using PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses, followed by confirmatory analysis with the Sanger sequencing technique. AQP1-expressing melanoma cells were found in 52 cases (66.7%, median H-score=124.24). Significantly higher AQP1 H-scores (P=0.047) were found in the 'high-risk' patients. No correlations were found with the established histological markers, such as mitotic index (P=0.42), Clark level (P=0.95), and Breslow thickness (P=0.51). BRAF V600 mutation analyses were successful in 89%, and showed a two times higher mutation frequency in the 'high-risk' group. The BRAF V600 mutations were significantly associated with AQP1 expression (P=0.014). Long-term follow-up indicated a reduced progression-free survival (P=0.036) and overall survival (P=0.017) for the AQP1-positive cutaneous melanoma patients. AQP1 expression is likely to be associated with an adverse prognosis in cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonóra Imrédi
- aSecond Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University bDepartment of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermatooncology of Semmelweis University cMolecular Oncology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Li C, Li X, Wu L, Jiang Z. Elevated AQP1 Expression Is Associated With Unfavorable Oncologic Outcome in Patients With Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016; 16:421-427. [PMID: 27143047 DOI: 10.1177/1533034616646288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hilar cholangiocarcinomas are malignant tumors with a poor prognosis. An early prediction of prognosis for patients may help us determine treatment strategies. Aquaporin 1 is a cell membrane channel involved in water transport, cell motility, and proliferation. Increasing evidences showed that aquaporin 1 played a role in tumor prognosis and diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of aquaporin 1 in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS Here, we analyzed messenger RNA expression data of genes function as bile secretion in a data set of 169 samples using the R2 bioinformatic platform ( http://r2.amc.nl ). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to verify the gene expression in 17 hilar cholangiocarcinoma samples. Immunohistochemistry was also performed in a series of specimens from 62 hilar cholangiocarcinoma tissues, and its clinical significance was assessed by clinical correlation and Kaplan-Meier analyses. RESULTS All data were analyzed using the R2 web application, aquaporin 1 was selected for further analysis. The significant expression variation of aquaporin 1 among 17 cases with cholangiocarcinoma was also found using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression level of aquaporin 1 protein significantly correlated with tumor-node-metastasis stage ( P = .002) and overall survival time ( P = .010). Higher aquaporin 1 expression indicated poor prognostic outcomes ( P <.05, log-rank test). Multivariate analysis also showed strong aquaporin 1 protein expression was an independent adverse prognosticator in hilar cholangiocarcinoma ( P = .002). CONCLUSION This study highlighted the prognostic value of aquaporin 1 in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Strong aquaporin 1 expression predicts poor survival, regardless of pathological features. Immunohistochemical detection of aquaporin 1, as a prognostic marker, may contribute to predicting clinical outcome for patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiang Li
- 1 Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofu Li
- 2 Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Linfeng Wu
- 3 Department of Liver, Gall, Pancreas Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- 4 Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,5 Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Jagirdar RM, Apostolidou E, Molyvdas PA, Gourgoulianis KI, Hatzoglou C, Zarogiannis SG. Influence of AQP1 on cell adhesion, migration, and tumor sphere formation in malignant pleural mesothelioma is substratum- and histological-type dependent. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L489-95. [PMID: 26773069 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00410.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer. MPM cells express aquaporin-1 (AQP1) that in other cancers has been shown to participate in the tumor metastasis processes. However, in MPM patients AQP1 overexpression is an independent prognostic factor favoring survival. In this study we aimed at evaluating the role of AQP1 in cell adhesion, migration, and tumor sphere formation in nonmalignant mesothelial cells (MeT-5A) and in epithelioid (M14K) and sarcomatoid (ZL34) MPM cell lines. We used fibronectin (FN) or homologous cell-derived extracellular martrix (ECM) substratum to investigate the role of AQP1 in these experimental phenotypes, inhibiting AQP1 by 10(-5) M mercury chloride (MC). Deposited ECM during cell culture exhibited significant concentration differences among cell types. ZL34 cell adhesion was significantly higher than MeT-5A or M14K cells on FN and ECM. MeT-5A and M14K cell adhesion on FN was sensitive to AQP1 inhibition, whereas AQP1 inhibition on ECM was limited to M14K cells. Wound healing in ZL34 cells was significantly higher than MeT-5A and M14K cells on FN and ECM. AQP1 inhibition significantly lowered cell migration in ZL34 cells on FN and ECM. Sphere formation was not dependent on FN or ECM in the media. AQP1 inhibition in FN media reduced sphere formation in M14K cells, whereas, in ECM, all three cell types were sensitive to AQP1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh M Jagirdar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece; and
| | - Eleni Apostolidou
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece; and
| | - Paschalis Adam Molyvdas
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece; and
| | | | - Chrissi Hatzoglou
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece; and Faculty of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece; and Faculty of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Wu X, Yu G. Aquaporins: New Targets for Cancer Therapy. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2015; 15:821-828. [PMID: 26438607 DOI: 10.1177/1533034615607693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are a family of integral membrane proteins that are expressed in all living organisms and play vital roles in transcellular and transepithelial water movement. Cell viability and motility are critical for progression of cancer. Cell survival requires the suitable concentration of water and solutes. The balance is largely maintained by aquaporins whose major function is the transport of water and small solutes across the plasma membrane. The important role of aquaporins has received more and more attention in the recent years. A number of recent studies have revealed that aquaporins may be involved in cell migration and angiogenesis. This review will highlight the expression of aquaporins in different malignant neoplasms. Remarkably, we will summarize the influence of drugs on aquaporins, not only the traditional Chinese medicine but also the Western medicine. Therapeutic targeting of aquaporins may thus be advantageous for blocking the mechanism common for a number of key cancer phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Clinical Oncology Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Kuiwen, Weifang, China
| | - Yixiang Zhang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Second People's Hospital of Weifang, Kuiwen, Weifang, China
| | - Xiongzhi Wu
- Patient Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Hexi, Tianjin, China
| | - Guohua Yu
- Clinical Oncology Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Kuiwen, Weifang, China
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Liu H, Wu L, Ji K, Wang W. Prognostic value of several biomarkers for the patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7375-84. [PMID: 26361957 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive tumor of the pleura closely related to asbestos exposure. Rare as it is, the incidence of MPM is predicted to increase mainly as a result of a lengthy latency period from the initial asbestos exposure, making it a public health concern for the next decades. Moreover, the patients with MPM have an extremely poor prognosis due to its high resistance to conventional oncologic treatments and delayed diagnosis. Although the result of current therapeutic modalities based on patient features and clinical stages is very frustrating, great advances have been shown in the knowledge of molecular biology of MPM in recent years. This is accompanied by dozens of putative prognostic biomarkers that are actively involved in tumor biological activities. These prognostic candidates can offer us a new insight into the biological characteristics of MPM, contributing to development of individualized therapeutic strategies directed against oncogenesis and tumor progression. Thus, personalized approaches based on the molecular biology of the patient's tissue or body fluid will potentially improve the present disappointing outcome, bringing new hope for patients with MPM. This article reviews the principal and several novel biomarkers that can have an influence on prognosis, in the hope that they can provide us with a more profound understanding of the biology of this lethal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People's Republic of China
| | - Licun Wu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kai Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, 257034, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People's Republic of China.
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Davidson B. Prognostic factors in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:789-804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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P. FR. ASPECTOS DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS EN EL MESOTELIOMA PLEURAL MALIGNO. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Blockade of aquaporin 1 inhibits proliferation, motility, and metastatic potential of mesothelioma in vitro but not in an in vivo model. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:286719. [PMID: 25821338 PMCID: PMC4364038 DOI: 10.1155/2015/286719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumor of the serosal membranes, mostly the pleura. It is related to asbestos exposure and has a poor prognosis. MM has a long latency period, and incidence is predicted to remain stable or increase until 2020. Currently, no biomarkers for a specific targeted therapy are available. Previously, we observed that expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) was an indicator of prognosis in two independent cohorts. Here we determine whether AQP1 inhibition has therapeutic potential in the treatment of MM. METHODS Functional studies were performed with H226 cells and primary MM cells harvested from pleural effusions. AQP1 expression and mesothelial phenotype was determined by immunohistochemistry. AQP1 function was inhibited by a pharmacological blocker (AqB050) or AQP1-specific siRNA. Cell proliferation, migration, and anchorage-independent cell growth were assessed. A nude mouse heterotopic xenograft model of MM was utilised for the in vivo studies. RESULTS Inhibition of AQP1 significantly decreases cell proliferation, metastatic potential, and motility without inducing nonspecific cytotoxicity or increasing apoptosis. In vivo blockade of AQP1 had no biologically significant effect on growth of established tumours. CONCLUSIONS Targeted blockade of AQP1 restricts MM growth and migration in vitro. Further work is warranted to fully evaluate treatment potential in vivo.
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Kang BW, Kim JG, Lee SJ, Chae YS, Jeong JY, Yoon GS, Park SY, Kim HJ, Park JS, Choi GS, Jeong JY. Expression of aquaporin-1, aquaporin-3, and aquaporin-5 correlates with nodal metastasis in colon cancer. Oncology 2015; 88:369-76. [PMID: 25721378 DOI: 10.1159/000369073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical significance of aquaporin-1 (AQP1), aquaporin-3 (AQP3), and aquaporin-5 (AQP5) expression was analyzed in a large number of patients with colon cancer. METHODS AQP1, AQP3, and AQP5 expression was investigated based on the immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray specimens from 486 colon cancer patients who underwent curative surgery. Scores were given to the staining intensity and percentage of positive cells, and the staining score was defined as the sum of these scores then used to categorize the AQP expression as negative, weakly AQP-positive, or strongly AQP-positive. RESULTS A total of 298 (61.3%) patients were identified as strongly AQP1-positive (staining score ≥ 6), while 38 (7.8%) were strongly AQP3-positive and 145 (29.8%) were strongly AQP5-positive. The overexpression of AQP1, AQP3, and AQP5 was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis in a multivariate logistic analysis (AQP1, p = 0.026; AQP3, p = 0.023; AQP5, p = 0.003). While the multivariate survival analysis, which included age, histology, TNM stage, and CEA level showed that the expression of AQP1, AQP3, and AQP5 had no effect on the overall survival and disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS The current study found a significant correlation between AQP1, AQP3, and AQP5 expression and lymph node metastasis in patients with surgically resected colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Woog Kang
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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The over-expression of aquaporin-1 alters erythroid gene expression in human erythroleukemia K562 cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:291-302. [PMID: 25252847 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2614-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin genes are differentially expressed in primitive versus definitive erythropoiesis. Our previous research results showed that over-expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) gene greatly promotes the erythroid differentiation of erythroleukemia K562 cells, using benzidine staining and quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis for representative erythroid-related genes, including γ-globin. But the molecular mechanisms underlying erythroid-specific gene regulation remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that AQP1 induced hemoglobins expression and altered erythroid gene expression by microarray analysis in K562 cells. The retroviral expression vector of AQP1 (pBABE-puro-AQP1) was constructed and infected K562 cells to establish a stable AQP1 over-expression cell line (K562-AQP1). AQP1 over-expression effectively inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell growth arrest in G1 phase of K562 cells. Then microarray profile was applied to analyze the differentially expressed genes which involved the mechanism of AQP1 in erythroid differentiation induction. The DAVID functional annotation clustering tool was used to identify biological functions enriched with the differentially expressed genes (n = 466 genes) and to group genes into clusters based on their functional similarity. Significant enrichment of genes involved in "oxygen transporter activity" (p = 3.8E-7) including hemoglobins (HBD, HBG, HBB, HBE1, and HBQ1), HEMGN, and EBP42 were validated by qRT-PCR. Moreover, silencing of HEMGN by RNA interference in K562-AQP1 cells resulted in down-regulation of these genes. These data provide a better understanding of the role of AQP1 in erythroid differentiation, by promoting HEMGN induction and other potential signaling pathways associated with hemoglobin induction.
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Linch M, Gennatas S, Kazikin S, Iqbal J, Gunapala R, Priest K, Severn J, Norton A, Ayite B, Bhosle J, O'Brien M, Popat S. A serum mesothelin level is a prognostic indicator for patients with malignant mesothelioma in routine clinical practice. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:674. [PMID: 25227779 PMCID: PMC4182776 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant mesothelioma (MM) carries a poor prognosis and response rates to palliative chemotherapy remain low. Identifying patients with MM that are unlikely to respond to chemotherapy could prevent futile treatments and improve patient quality of life. Studies have suggested that soluble mesothelin is a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of MM. We set out to explore the utility of serum mesothelin in routine clinical practice. METHODS We conducted a prospective exploratory study of serum mesothelin levels in 53 consecutive patients with MM at our institution between April 2009 and February 2011. Survival was assessed and analysed by mesothelin level as both continuous and categorical variables using Cox regression models. Differences in response rate between treatment groups were assessed by the Kruskal-Wallis Test. RESULTS All 53 patients, who had been given study information agreed to participate. The patients' median age was 69 (range 24-90). Median mesothelin level was 2.7 nM and this value was used to dichotomize categories: ≤2.7 nM (low) and >2.7 nM (high). The progression free survival (PFS) for low vs high mesothelin was 8.0 vs 5.1 months (HR 1.8, p-0.058). When mesothelin was accessed as a continuous variable for PFS the HR was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01-1.06; p=0.013). The overall survival (OS) for low vs high mesothelin was 17.2 vs 11.3 months (HR 1.9, p=0.088). When mesothelin was assessed as a continuous variable for OS the HR was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.99 - 1.04; p=0.073). Thirty patients received chemotherapy of which 18 had a pre-chemotherapy serum mesothelin level. In these 18 patients, the pre-chemotherapy mesothelin level did not correlate with response. CONCLUSIONS A single random sample provides information about patient prognosis but does not predict treatment response. We suggest further prospective validation of mesothelin testing as a prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sanjay Popat
- Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, SW3 6JJ London, Surrey, UK.
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Expression and prognostic value of aquaporin 1, 3 in cervical carcinoma in women of Uygur ethnicity from Xinjiang, China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98576. [PMID: 24918928 PMCID: PMC4053468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Overexpression of several aquaporins has been reported in different types of human cancer but the role of aquaporins in carcinogenesis has not yet been clearly defined. There is few report concerning role of aquaporins in human cervical carcinogenesis so far. Here, we determined the expression and prognostic value of aquaporin 1, 3 in cervical carcinoma in Chinese women of Uygur ethnicity. Methods and Results Real-time PCR analyses demonstrated aquaporin 1, 3 mRNA were differentially expressed in cervical carcinoma, CIN 2-3 and mild cervicitis. Immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated aquaporin 1 was predominantly localized to stromal endothelial cells in cervical lesions. Aquaporin 3 was localized to the membrane of normal squamous epithelium, CIN and carcinoma cells. Aquaporin 1 and 3 were upregulated in cervical cancer compared to mild cervicitis and CIN2-3 (P<0.05); Tumor expression of aquaporin 1, 3 significantly increased in advanced stage disease, and patients with deeper tumor infiltration, lymph node metastases or larger tumor volume (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that aquaporin 1, 3 were not independent prognostic factors in cervical carcinoma. Conclusion Aquaporins may participate in the initiation and progression of cervical carcinoma by promoting tumor growth, invasion or lymph node metastasis. Further study is required to determine whether aquaporins have potential as prognostic factors in cervical cancer.
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Aquaporin-1 expression in proliferative vitreoretinopathy and in epiretinal membranes. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:876208. [PMID: 24688444 PMCID: PMC3932253 DOI: 10.1155/2014/876208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is involved in cell migration and proliferation; therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate its expression in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and epiretinal membranes (ERM). Methods. 19 membranes from PVR and ERM were collected following eye surgery. AQP1 mRNA and protein expressions were determined by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence in the membranes from PVR and ERM. Results. AQP1 mRNA and protein were expressed in both PVR and ERM as shown by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. AQP1 protein expression was heterogeneous among and between PVR and ERM and colocalized with alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). There were a higher percentage of cells coexpressing AQP1 and αSMA than AQP1 and GFAP. GFAP and αSMA did not colocalize. Conclusion. Our data show for the first time AQP1 expression in both PVR and ERM. AQP1 is expressed mostly by the αSMA-positive cells, presumably myofibroblasts, but also by GFAP-positive cells, assumed to be glial cells. These original findings warrant further functional investigations aiming at studying the potential role of AQP1 in cell migration and proliferation occurring during the development of PVR and ERM.
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Ribatti D, Ranieri G, Annese T, Nico B. Aquaporins in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:1550-3. [PMID: 24064112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of 13 small hydrophobic integral transmembrane water channel proteins involved in transcellular and transepithelial water movement, transport of fluid and cell migration. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW This review article summarizes our knowledge concerning the involvement of AQPs in tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastatic process. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Tumor cells types express AQPs and a positive correlation exists between histological tumor grade and the AQP expression. Moreover, AQPs are involved also in tumor edema formation and angiogenesis in several solid and hematological tumors. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE AQPs inhibition in endothelial and tumor cells might limit tumor growth and spread, suggesting a potential therapeutic use in the treatment of tumors. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Aquaporins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy; National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy.
| | | | - Tiziana Annese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Beatrice Nico
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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El Hindy N, Rump K, Lambertz N, Zhu Y, Frey UH, Bankfalvi A, Siffert W, Sure U, Peters J, Adamzik M, Sandalcioglu IE. The functional Aquaporin 1 -783G/C-polymorphism is associated with survival in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. J Surg Oncol 2013; 108:492-8. [PMID: 24014128 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a dismal prognosis, variability exists regarding the survival-time in patients with glioblastoma-multiforme (GBM), which may be explained by genetic variation. A possible candidate-gene for such variation is Aquaporin-1 (AQP1), since Aquaporin-1-expression influences the pathogenesis and outcome of various malignancies. Functional genetic variants in the promoter of AQP1, modifying Aquaporin-1-expression, could be associated with altered survival in patients with GBM. METHODS We sequenced the human AQP1-promoter to detect novel sequence variants, which might impact on Aquaporin-1-expression and tested the hypothesis, that functional single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with different survival-times of patients suffering from GBM. RESULTS Sequencing the AQP1-promoter revealed a novel -783G/C-polymorphism. Reporter-assays showed that substitution of G for C was associated both with increased transcriptional-activation of the AQP1-promoter by serum and with increased AQP1 mRNA expression. Finally, we assessed in a cohort of 155 Caucasian patients with GBM whether the functional single-nucleotide-783G/C-polymorphism is associated with survival-time. Cox-regression analyses revealed the AQP1 -783G/C genotype status as an independent prognostic-factor when jointly considering other predictors of survival. Homozygous CC subjects had a significantly worse outcome compared to GC/GG genotypes (hazard ratio: 3.09; 95% CI, 1.43-6.65; P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the novel AQP1 polymorphism as a survival prognosticator in patients suffering from GBM that could help to identify a subgroup of patients at high risk for death. Further studies are necessary to reveal the exact molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai El Hindy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Duisburg-Essen & University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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van Zandwijk N, Reid G, Linton A, Kao S. Radical surgery for malignant pleural mesothelioma: have we identified the appropriate selection tools? Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 1:481-6. [PMID: 23977540 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2225-319x.2012.10.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nico van Zandwijk
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, PO Box 3628, Rhodes NSW 2138, Australia
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Pass HI. Biomarkers and prognostic factors for mesothelioma. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 1:449-56. [PMID: 23977535 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2225-319x.2012.10.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harvey I Pass
- Stephen E. Banner Professor of Thoracic Oncology, Vice-Chair Research, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division Chief, General Thoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Henderson DW, Reid G, Kao SC, van Zandwijk N, Klebe S. Challenges and controversies in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma: Part 2. Malignant mesothelioma subtypes, pleural synovial sarcoma, molecular and prognostic aspects of mesothelioma, BAP1, aquaporin-1 and microRNA. J Clin Pathol 2013; 66:854-61. [PMID: 23833051 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2013-201609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pleural malignant mesothelioma (MM) includes several unusual and even rare but distinctive histological subtypes, in addition to the usual subdivision into epithelioid, biphasic and sarcomatoid MM. Criteria for discrimination between fibrous pleuritis versus desmoplastic mesothelioma include evidence of neoplastic invasion for diagnosis of desmoplastic MM, but this histological assessment is complicated by the recently-described 'fake fat phenomenon' in cases of fibrous pleuritis. The distinction between biphasic and monophasic synovial sarcoma of the pleura versus biphasic and sarcomatoid MM can be problematical and is most cogently based upon molecular detection of the t(X;18) translocation, whereas a clear diagnosis of MM for a pleural tumour histologically resembling synovial sarcoma is favoured by a negative result for this translocation and, probably, microRNA evidence supportive of a diagnosis of MM. Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is a molecule involved in the growth of MM cells, and yet is a factor reported to correlate with improved survival rates for MM with an epithelioid component, in comparison to AQP1-poor MM, as assessed from AQP1 expression by epithelioid MM cells only (apart from co-expression by stromal endothelial cells in addition to the tumour cells). Recent reports have also focused upon germline mutations in the BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1), not only in cases of familial mesothelioma, but also BAP1 deletion in sporadic MM. Prognostic factors for MM include not only the histological subtypes, but other independent variables that include (among others), AQP1 expression by mesothelioma cells, the clinical status of the patient, the serum neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio and blood thrombocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Henderson
- Department of Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology, Flinders Medical Centre, , Adelaide, South Australia
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Gene expression profile of aquaporin 1 and associated interactors in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Gene 2013; 517:99-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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