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Wang Y, Cheng S, Fleishman JS, Chen J, Tang H, Chen ZS, Chen W, Ding M. Targeting anoikis resistance as a strategy for cancer therapy. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 75:101099. [PMID: 38850692 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Anoikis, known as matrix detachment-induced apoptosis or detachment-induced cell death, is crucial for tissue development and homeostasis. Cancer cells develop means to evade anoikis, e.g. anoikis resistance, thereby allowing for cells to survive under anchorage-independent conditions. Uncovering the mechanisms of anoikis resistance will provide details about cancer metastasis, and potential strategies against cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. Here, we summarize the principal elements and core molecular mechanisms of anoikis and anoikis resistance. We discuss the latest progress of how anoikis and anoikis resistance are regulated in cancers. Furthermore, we summarize emerging data on selective compounds and nanomedicines, explaining how inhibiting anoikis resistance can serve as a meaningful treatment modality against cancers. Finally, we discuss the key limitations of this therapeutic paradigm and possible strategies to overcome them. In this review, we suggest that pharmacological modulation of anoikis and anoikis resistance by bioactive compounds could surmount anoikis resistance, highlighting a promising therapeutic regimen that could be used to overcome anoikis resistance in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sihang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Wenkuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mingchao Ding
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Intervention, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China.
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Elkady N, Aldesoky AI, Dawoud MM. Evaluation of ARK5 and SIRT3 expression in renal cell carcinoma and their clinical significance. Diagn Pathol 2023; 18:125. [PMID: 37996927 PMCID: PMC10666306 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) represents 3% of malignant tumours in adults and 1.78% in Egypt. AMPK-related protein kinase 5 (ARK5) is mainly associated with a hypoxic microenvironment which is a feature of the major RCC subtypes. Additionally, it displays decreased mitochondrial respiration. SIRT3 is a mitochondrial deacetylase that modifies multiple mitochondrial proteins. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty eight cases of RCC, and 30 non-neoplastic cases (of End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) were subjected to immunohistochemistry by ARK5 and SIRT3. The results of IHC were correlated together and correlated with the available clinicopathologic and survival data. RESULTS Although no significant difference was detected between RCC and ESKD groups regarding ARK5 expression, there was a significant association with RCC regarding H-score and nucleocytoplasmic expression (both P = 0.001). Also, SIRT3 was highly expressed in RCC in comparison to the ESKD group (H-score: P = 0.001). There were significant associations between nucleocytoplasmic ARK5 expression and higher tumour grade, low apoptotic and high mitotic indices, tumour extent, advanced tumour stage, and impaired response of tumours to chemotherapeutic drugs (P = 0.039, P = 0.001, P = 0.027, P = 0.011, P = 0.009, and P = 0.014 respectively). Moreover, the H score of ARK5 expression showed significant associations with tumour grade, apoptotic and mitotic indices, tumour extension, tumour stage, and response to therapy (P = 0.01, 0.035, 0.001, 0.004. 0.003 and 0.013). Regarding SIRT3 expression, it showed significant associations with apoptotic and mitotic indices, tumour extent, tumour stage and response to therapy (P = 0.022, 0.02, 0.042, 0.039 and 0.027). Interestingly, there was a highly significant correlation between the expression of ARK5 and SIRT3 (P = 0.009). Univariate survival analysis revealed a significant association between short survival duration and both nucleocytoplasmic expression of ARK5 and positive SIRT3 expression (P = 0.014 and 0.035). CONCLUSION ARK5 and SIRT3 are overexpressed in RCC and associated with parameters of poor prognosis as well as short survival. Both seem to influence response to therapy in RCC. So, they could be new targets for therapy that may improve tumour response and patients' survival. There is a postulated relationship that needs more extensive investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Elkady
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Menoufia, 32511, Egypt
| | - Amira I Aldesoky
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mohammed Dawoud
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Menoufia, 32511, Egypt.
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Han YH, Wang Y, Lee SJ, Jin MH, Sun HN, Kwon T. Regulation of anoikis by extrinsic death receptor pathways. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:227. [PMID: 37667281 PMCID: PMC10478316 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic cancer cells can develop anoikis resistance in the absence of substrate attachment and survive to fight tumors. Anoikis is mediated by endogenous mitochondria-dependent and exogenous death receptor pathways, and studies have shown that caspase-8-dependent external pathways appear to be more important than the activity of the intrinsic pathways. This paper reviews the regulation of anoikis by external pathways mediated by death receptors. Different death receptors bind to different ligands to activate downstream caspases. The possible mechanisms of Fas-associated death domain (FADD) recruitment by Fas and TNF receptor 1 associated-death domain (TRADD) recruitment by tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), and DR4- and DR5-associated FADD to induce downstream caspase activation and regulate anoikis were reviewed. This review highlights the possible mechanism of the death receptor pathway mediation of anoikis and provides new insights and research directions for studying tumor metastasis mechanisms. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hao Han
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Biological Engineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Mei-Hua Jin
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, 56216, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Doan C, Aouizerat BE, Ye Y, Dang D, Asam K, Bhattacharya A, Howard T, Patel YK, Viet DT, Figueroa JD, Zhong JF, Thomas CM, Morlandt AB, Yu G, Callahan NF, Allen CT, Grandhi A, Herford AS, Walker PC, Nguyen K, Kidd SC, Lee SC, Inman JC, Slater JM, Viet CT. Neurotrophin Pathway Receptors NGFR and TrkA Control Perineural Invasion, Metastasis, and Pain in Oral Cancer. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2200190. [PMID: 35925599 PMCID: PMC9533666 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients suffer from poor survival due to metastasis or locoregional recurrence, processes that are both facilitated by perineural invasion (PNI). OSCC has higher rates of PNI than other cancer subtypes, with PNI present in 80% of tumors. Despite the impact of PNI on oral cancer prognosis and pain, little is known about the genes that drive PNI, which in turn drive pain, invasion, and metastasis. In this study, clinical data, preclinical, and in vitro models are leveraged to elucidate the role of neurotrophins in OSCC metastasis, PNI, and pain. The expression data in OSCC patients with metastasis, PNI, or pain demonstrate dysregulation of neurotrophin genes. TrkA and nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) are focused, two receptors that are activated by NGF, a neurotrophin expressed at high levels in OSCC. It is demonstrated that targeted knockdown of these two receptors inhibits proliferation and invasion in an in vitro and preclinical model of OSCC, and metastasis, PNI, and pain. It is further determined that TrkA knockdown alone inhibits thermal hyperalgesia, whereas NGFR knockdown alone inhibits mechanical allodynia. Collectively the results highlight the ability of OSCC to co-opt different components of the neurotrophin pathway in metastasis, PNI, and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coleen Doan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Bradley E. Aouizerat
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
| | - Yi Ye
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
| | - Dongmin Dang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
| | - Kesava Asam
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
| | - Aditi Bhattacharya
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
| | - Timothy Howard
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
| | - Yogin K. Patel
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
| | - Dan T. Viet
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, NY, United States
| | - Johnny D. Figueroa
- Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Jiang F. Zhong
- Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Carissa M. Thomas
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Anthony B. Morlandt
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Gary Yu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Nicholas F. Callahan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL
| | - Clint T. Allen
- Section on Translational Tumor Immunology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Anupama Grandhi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Alan S. Herford
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Paul C. Walker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Stephanie C. Kidd
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Steve C. Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Jared C. Inman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Jason M. Slater
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Chi T. Viet
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA
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The Multiple Roles of CD147 in the Development and Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158336. [PMID: 35955471 PMCID: PMC9369056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation (CD)147, also termed extracellular matrix metalloprotease inducer or basigin, is a glycoprotein ubiquitously expressed throughout the human body, the oral cavity included. CD147 actively participates in physiological tissue development or growth and has important roles in reactive processes such as inflammation, immunity, and tissue repair. It is worth noting that deregulated expression and/or activity of CD147 is observed in chronic inflammatory or degenerative diseases, as well as in neoplasms. Among the latter, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by an upregulation of CD147 in both the neoplastic and normal cells constituting the tumor mass. Most interestingly, the expression and/or activity of CD147 gradually increase as healthy oral mucosa becomes inflamed; hyperplastic/dysplastic lesions are then set on, and, eventually, OSCC develops. Based on these findings, here we summarize published studies which evaluate whether CD147 could be employed as a marker to monitor OSCC development and progression. Moreover, we describe CD147-promoted cellular and molecular events which are relevant to oral carcinogenesis, with the aim to provide useful information for assessing whether CD147 may be the target of novel therapeutic approaches directed against OSCC.
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6
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Yapryntseva MA, Maximchik PV, Zhivotovsky B, Gogvadze V. Mitochondrial sirtuin 3 and various cell death modalities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:947357. [PMID: 35938164 PMCID: PMC9354933 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.947357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 3, a member of the mammalian sirtuin family of proteins, is involved in the regulation of multiple processes in cells. It is a major mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase with a broad range of functions, such as regulation of oxidative stress, reprogramming of tumor cell energy pathways, and metabolic homeostasis. One of the intriguing functions of sirtuin 3 is the regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, a key step in apoptosis initiation/progression. Moreover, sirtuin 3 is involved in the execution of various cell death modalities, which makes sirtuin 3 a possible regulator of crosstalk between them. This review is focused on the role of sirtuin 3 as a target for tumor cell elimination and how mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Polina V. Maximchik
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Gogvadze
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Vladimir Gogvadze,
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7
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Radaic A, Malone E, Kamarajan P, Kapila YL. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded with Nisin (SLN-Nisin) are More Effective Than Free Nisin as Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Anticancer Agents. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022; 18:1227-1235. [PMID: 35854440 PMCID: PMC9741812 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are peptides produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of other prokaryotes. Nisin is a bacteriocin widely used in the food industry and for biomedical applications. However, bacteriocins have some limitations, as they experience mechanisms of resistance, degradation by proteases, and suboptimal intracellular delivery. Combining bacteriocins with nanoscale drug delivery systems (nano-DDS) is an approach that can help overcome these limitations. Among the nano-DDS, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) have been described as promising candidates, because of their potential for industrial scale-up and lower toxicity. The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to investigate the use of nisin-loaded SLN (SLN-Nisin) as an antimicrobial and anticancer therapeutic. We show that SLN-Nisin can significantly inhibit the growth of the oral pathogen, Treponema denticola, disrupt oral biofilms, and decrease oral squamous cell carcinoma cell (OSCC) viability compared to free nisin. Further, analysis with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed significant morphological changes in OSCC cells challenged with SLN-Nisin, compared to the empty-nanoparticle or free nisin, indicating that SLN-Nisin likely decreases cell viability by increasing pore formation. This data reveals that nano-DDS are robust tools that can enhance bacteriocin properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Radaic
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, 94143, CA, USA
| | - Erin Malone
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, 94143, CA, USA
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, 94143, CA, USA
| | - Yvonne L. Kapila
- Division of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences in the Sections of Biosystems and Function and the Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences in the Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Box 951668, Mail Office 53-039, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA,Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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8
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Ramesh N, Krithika C, Kannan A, Anuradha G, Aniyan Y. Expression of Sirtuin 3 in oral cancer and oral leukoplakia: A cross-sectional observational study. J Int Oral Health 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_9_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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9
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Jakoube P, Cutano V, González-Morena JM, Keckesova Z. Mitochondrial Tumor Suppressors-The Energetic Enemies of Tumor Progression. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4652-4667. [PMID: 34183354 PMCID: PMC9397617 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor suppressors represent a critical line of defense against tumorigenesis. Their mechanisms of action and the pathways they are involved in provide important insights into cancer progression, vulnerabilities, and treatment options. Although nuclear and cytosolic tumor suppressors have been extensively investigated, relatively little is known about tumor suppressors localized within the mitochondria. However, recent research has begun to uncover the roles of these important proteins in suppressing tumorigenesis. Here, we review this newly developing field and summarize available information on mitochondrial tumor suppressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Jakoube
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Valentina Cutano
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Juan M. González-Morena
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Keckesova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Corresponding Author: Zuzana Keckesova, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, Prague 16000, Czech Republic. Phone: 420-2201-83584; E-mail:
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Brockmueller A, Sameri S, Liskova A, Zhai K, Varghese E, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D, Kubatka P, Shakibaei M. Resveratrol's Anti-Cancer Effects through the Modulation of Tumor Glucose Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020188. [PMID: 33430318 PMCID: PMC7825813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The prevention and treatment of cancer is an ongoing medical challenge. In the context of personalized medicine, the well-studied polyphenol resveratrol could complement classical tumor therapy. It may affect key processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, proliferation, metastasis, glucose metabolism, and apoptosis in various cancers because resveratrol acts as a multi-targeting agent by modulating multiple signal transduction pathways. This review article focuses on resveratrol’s ability to modify tumor glucose metabolism and its associated therapeutic capacity. Resveratrol reduces glucose uptake and glycolysis by affecting Glut1, PFK1, HIF-1α, ROS, PDH, and the CamKKB/AMPK pathway. It also inhibits cell growth, invasion, and proliferation by targeting NF-kB, Sirt1, Sirt3, LDH, PI-3K, mTOR, PKM2, R5P, G6PD, TKT, talin, and PGAM. In addition, resveratrol induces apoptosis by targeting integrin, p53, LDH, and FAK. In conclusion, resveratrol has many potentials to intervene in tumor processes if bioavailability can be increased and this natural compound can be used selectively. Abstract Tumor cells develop several metabolic reprogramming strategies, such as increased glucose uptake and utilization via aerobic glycolysis and fermentation of glucose to lactate; these lead to a low pH environment in which the cancer cells thrive and evade apoptosis. These characteristics of tumor cells are known as the Warburg effect. Adaptive metabolic alterations in cancer cells can be attributed to mutations in key metabolic enzymes and transcription factors. The features of the Warburg phenotype may serve as promising markers for the early detection and treatment of tumors. Besides, the glycolytic process of tumors is reversible and could represent a therapeutic target. So-called mono-target therapies are often unsafe and ineffective, and have a high prevalence of recurrence. Their success is hindered by the ability of tumor cells to simultaneously develop multiple chemoresistance pathways. Therefore, agents that modify several cellular targets, such as energy restriction to target tumor cells specifically, have therapeutic potential. Resveratrol, a natural active polyphenol found in grapes and red wine and used in many traditional medicines, is known for its ability to target multiple components of signaling pathways in tumors, leading to the suppression of cell proliferation, activation of apoptosis, and regression in tumor growth. Here, we describe current knowledge on the various mechanisms by which resveratrol modulates glucose metabolism, its potential as an imitator of caloric restriction, and its therapeutic capacity in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Saba Sameri
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 6517838678 Hamadan, Iran;
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-892-1807-2624; Fax: +49-892-1807-2625
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Kamarajan P, Ateia I, Shin JM, Fenno JC, Le C, Zhan L, Chang A, Darveau R, Kapila YL. Periodontal pathogens promote cancer aggressivity via TLR/MyD88 triggered activation of Integrin/FAK signaling that is therapeutically reversible by a probiotic bacteriocin. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008881. [PMID: 33002094 PMCID: PMC7529280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies reveal significant associations between periodontitis and oral cancer. However, knowledge about the contribution of periodontal pathogens to oral cancer and potential regulatory mechanisms involved is limited. Previously, we showed that nisin, a bacteriocin and commonly used food preservative, reduced oral cancer tumorigenesis and extended the life expectancy in tumor-bearing mice. In addition, nisin has antimicrobial effects on key periodontal pathogens. Thus, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that key periodontal pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Fusobacterium nucleatum) promote oral cancer via specific host-bacterial interactions, and that bacteriocin/nisin therapy may modulate these responses. All three periodontal pathogens enhanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell migration, invasion, tumorsphere formation, and tumorigenesis in vivo, without significantly affecting cell proliferation or apoptosis. In contrast, oral commensal bacteria did not affect OSCC cell migration. Pathogen-enhanced OSCC cell migration was mediated via integrin alpha V and FAK activation, since stably blocking alpha V or FAK expression abrogated these effects. Nisin inhibited these pathogen-mediated processes. Further, Treponema denticola induced TLR2 and 4 and MyD88 expression. Stable suppression of MyD88 significantly inhibited Treponema denticola-induced FAK activation and abrogated pathogen-induced migration. Together, these data demonstrate that periodontal pathogens contribute to a highly aggressive cancer phenotype via crosstalk between TLR/MyD88 and integrin/FAK signaling. Nisin can modulate these pathogen-mediated effects, and thus has therapeutic potential as an antimicrobial and anti-tumorigenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Islam Ateia
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Jae M. Shin
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - J. Christopher Fenno
- Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Charles Le
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Ling Zhan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Ana Chang
- Department of Periodontics, Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Richard Darveau
- Department of Periodontics, Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Yvonne L. Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
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12
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Mou F, Mou C. Necrostatin-1 Alleviates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis and Extracellular Matrix Expression in Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919739. [PMID: 32019905 PMCID: PMC7020761 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is harmful for patients’ life and health. The effective treatment of IPF is lacking because of unclear pathogenesis. Necrostatin-1 has protective effects on lung injury and can suppress the fibrosis development. I this study we investigated whether necrostatin-1 could decrease the proliferation of pulmonary fibroblasts, pulmonary fibrosis and expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) in IPF. Material/Methods The IPF mice model was conducted by intra-tracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM) (2 mg/kg) for C57BL/6N mice. Necrostatin-1 treatment was performed with 1 mg/kg necrostatin-1 by an intravenous injection for C57BL/6N mice. Lung tissue structures and collagen deposition were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining. IPF in vitro model was constructed by MRC-5 cells induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). And, 20 μM necrostatin-1 was used to treat the TGF-β1 induced MRC-5 cells. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay detected the viability of MRC-5 cells. The expression of receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 and -3 (RIPK1 and RIPK3), α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen IV, collagen I, fibronectin (FN), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in lung tissues and MRC-5 cells was measured by western blot analysis. The α-SMA expression in lung tissues was also analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results The expression of RIPK1 and RIPK3 in lung tissues of BLM induced mice was increased. The degree of pulmonary fibrosis and expression of α-SMA, collagen IV, collagen I, FN, and TGF-β in lung tissues of BLM induced mice was enhanced. The proliferation of MRC-5 cells was increased when MRC-5 cells were induced by TGF-β. The expression of RIPK1, RIPK3, α-SMA, collagen IV, collagen I, and FN was increased in TGF-β induced MRC-5 cells. And, necrostatin-1 could effectively reverse the changes of pulmonary fibrosis, RIPK1, RIPK3, and ECM in vivo and in vitro experiments. Conclusions Necrostatin-1 attenuated pulmonary fibrosis in lung tissues of BLM induced mice and inhibited the fibroblast proliferation. And, necrostatin-1 also decreased the expression of RIPK1, RIPK3, and ECM in lung tissues of BLM induced mice and TGF-β induced fibroblasts. Necrostatin-1 could be a new effective drug for the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghong Mou
- Department of Respiration, The People's Hospital of Kaizhou District, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Canglang Mou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
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13
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Kim YS, Gupta Vallur P, Jones VM, Worley BL, Shimko S, Shin DH, Crawford LC, Chen CW, Aird KM, Abraham T, Shepherd TG, Warrick JI, Lee NY, Phaeton R, Mythreye K, Hempel N. Context-dependent activation of SIRT3 is necessary for anchorage-independent survival and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells. Oncogene 2020; 39:1619-1633. [PMID: 31723239 PMCID: PMC7036012 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells must alter their antioxidant capacity for maximal metastatic potential. Yet the antioxidant adaptations required for ovarian cancer transcoelomic metastasis, which is the passive dissemination of cells in the peritoneal cavity, remain largely unexplored. Somewhat contradicting the need for oxidant scavenging are previous observations that expression of SIRT3, a nutrient stress sensor and regulator of mitochondrial antioxidant defenses, is often suppressed in many primary tumors. We have discovered that this mitochondrial deacetylase is specifically upregulated in a context-dependent manner in cancer cells. SIRT3 activity and expression transiently increased following ovarian cancer cell detachment and in tumor cells derived from malignant ascites of high-grade serous adenocarcinoma patients. Mechanistically, SIRT3 prevents mitochondrial superoxide surges in detached cells by regulating the manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2). This mitochondrial stress response is under dual regulation by SIRT3. SIRT3 rapidly increases SOD2 activity as an early adaptation to cellular detachment, which is followed by SIRT3-dependent increases in SOD2 mRNA during sustained anchorage-independence. In addition, SIRT3 inhibits glycolytic capacity in anchorage-independent cells thereby contributing to metabolic changes in response to detachment. While manipulation of SIRT3 expression has few deleterious effects on cancer cells in attached conditions, SIRT3 upregulation and SIRT3-mediated oxidant scavenging are required for anoikis resistance in vitro following matrix detachment, and both SIRT3 and SOD2 are necessary for colonization of the peritoneal cavity in vivo. Our results highlight the novel context-specific, pro-metastatic role of SIRT3 in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Soo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Piyushi Gupta Vallur
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Victoria M Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Beth L Worley
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sara Shimko
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Dong-Hui Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - LaTaijah C Crawford
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chi-Wei Chen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Katherine M Aird
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Abraham
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Trevor G Shepherd
- The Mary & John Knight Translational Ovarian Cancer Research Unit, Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology Oncology and Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua I Warrick
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nam Y Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rebecca Phaeton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Mythreye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA.
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14
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The Roles of Sirtuin Family Proteins in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121949. [PMID: 31817470 PMCID: PMC6966446 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin family members are characterized by either mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase or deacylase activity and are linked to various cancer-related biological pathways as regulators of transcriptional progression. Sirtuins play fundamental roles in carcinogenesis and maintenance of the malignant phenotype, mainly participating in cancer cell viability, apoptosis, metastasis, and tumorigenesis. Although sirtuin family members have a high degree of homology, they may play different roles in various kinds of cancer. This review highlights their fundamental roles in tumorigenesis and cancer development and provides a critical discussion of their dual roles in cancer, namely, as tumor promoters or tumor suppressors.
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15
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Ko EK, Chorich LP, Sullivan ME, Cameron RS, Layman LC. JAK/STAT signaling pathway gene expression is reduced following Nelf knockdown in GnRH neurons. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 470:151-159. [PMID: 29050862 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is crucial for the proper function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, subsequent puberty, and reproduction. When GnRH neuron migration or GnRH regulation is impaired, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism results. Mutations in the gene for nasal embryonic luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (NELF) have been identified in GnRH-deficient humans. NELF is a predominantly nuclear protein that may participate in gene transcription, but the genes NELF regulates are unknown. To address this question, RNA was extracted from NLT GnRH neuronal cells following either stable Nelf knockdown or scrambled control and subjected to cDNA arrays. Transcription factors and cell migration gene expression was altered most commonly. Members of the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway, including Stat1, Stat2, Stat5a, Jak2, Irf7 and Irf9, were significantly down regulated as assessed by RT-qPCR. Protein levels of STAT1, phospho-STAT1, and JAK2 were reduced, but the protein level of phospho-JAK2 was not. These findings suggest a role for NELF in the regulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, which have important functions in GnRH neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Ko
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility, & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States; Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Lynn P Chorich
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility, & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Megan E Sullivan
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility, & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Richard S Cameron
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Lawrence C Layman
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility, & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States; Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
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16
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Guan E, Wang Y, Wang C, Zhang R, Zhao Y, Hong J. Necrostatin-1 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. Exp Lung Res 2017; 43:378-387. [PMID: 29199874 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2017.1384083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Receptor-interacting protein (RIP) kinase family members are involved in several biological processes. However, their role in acute lung injury (ALI) is still unclear. In the present study, we aim to determine the expression and function of RIP kinase family in ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, ALI was induced in BALB/c male mice by intravenously injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The expression levels of the RIP kinase family in ALI mice were determined using western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. The specific RIP-1 inhibitor, necrostatin-1, was used to treat LPS-induced ALI mice, followed by survival time recording, as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical staining of lung tissues, western blotting, myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of related cytokines and downstream target expression. RESULTS We found that RIP-1 expression was upregulated in the lung of ALI mice and inhibition of RIP-1 by necrostatin-1 significantly prolonged the survival time of mice, which was accompanied by less serve lung injury. Furthermore, lower expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, IL-8, cyclooxygenase [COX]-2, monocyte chemoattractant protein [MCP]-1, and IL-1β), MPO and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation were found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues of necrostatin-1-treated ALI mice. Necrostatin-1 also attenuated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 cells. CONCLUSIONS In summary, necrostatin-1 protected against LPS-induced ALI in mice by inhibiting inflammation and pulmonary NF-κB activation. Thus, necrostatin-1 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqin Guan
- a Department of Pediatrics , the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , Shandong , China.,b Department of Pediatrics , Qingdao Municipal Hospital , Qingdao , Shandong , China
| | - Yue Wang
- b Department of Pediatrics , Qingdao Municipal Hospital , Qingdao , Shandong , China
| | - Caixia Wang
- b Department of Pediatrics , Qingdao Municipal Hospital , Qingdao , Shandong , China
| | - Ruiyun Zhang
- b Department of Pediatrics , Qingdao Municipal Hospital , Qingdao , Shandong , China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- b Department of Pediatrics , Qingdao Municipal Hospital , Qingdao , Shandong , China
| | - Jiang Hong
- a Department of Pediatrics , the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , Shandong , China
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17
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Sirtuins Expression and Their Role in Retinal Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3187594. [PMID: 28197299 PMCID: PMC5288547 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3187594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins have received considerable attention since the discovery that silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) extends the lifespan of yeast. Sir2, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide- (NAD-) dependent histone deacetylase, serves as both a transcriptional effector and energy sensor. Oxidative stress and apoptosis are implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative eye diseases. Sirtuins confer protection against oxidative stress and retinal degeneration. In mammals, the sirtuin (SIRT) family consists of seven proteins (SIRT1–SIRT7). These vary in tissue specificity, subcellular localization, and enzymatic activity and targets. In this review, we present the current knowledge of the sirtuin family and discuss their structure, cellular location, and biological function with a primary focus on their role in different neuroophthalmic diseases including glaucoma, optic neuritis, and age-related macular degeneration. The potential role of certain therapeutic targets is also described.
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18
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Xiong Y, Wang M, Zhao J, Han Y, Jia L. Sirtuin 3: A Janus face in cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2227-2235. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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19
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Pearson AT, Jackson TL, Nör JE. Modeling head and neck cancer stem cell-mediated tumorigenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3279-89. [PMID: 27151511 PMCID: PMC5312795 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A large body of literature has emerged supporting the importance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the pathogenesis of head and neck cancers. CSCs are a subpopulation of cells within a tumor that share the properties of self-renewal and multipotency with stem cells from normal tissue. Their functional relevance to the pathobiology of cancer arises from the unique properties of tumorigenicity, chemotherapy resistance, and their ability to metastasize and invade distant tissues. Several molecular profiles have been used to discriminate a stem cell from a non-stem cell. CSCs can be grown for study and further enriched using a number of in vitro techniques. An evolving option for translational research is the use of mathematical and computational models to describe the role of CSCs in complex tumor environments. This review is focused discussing the evidence emerging from modeling approaches that have clarified the impact of CSCs to the biology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Pearson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., SPC 5848, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5848, USA.
| | - Trachette L Jackson
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan School of Literature, Sciences, and the Arts, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jacques E Nör
- Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Rm. 2309, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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20
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Xiang XY, Kang JS, Yang XC, Su J, Wu Y, Yan XY, Xue YN, Xu Y, Liu YH, Yu CY, Zhang ZC, Sun LK. SIRT3 participates in glucose metabolism interruption and apoptosis induced by BH3 mimetic S1 in ovarian cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:773-84. [PMID: 27277143 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bcl-2 antiapoptotic proteins are important cancer therapy targets; however, their role in cancer cell metabolism remains unclear. We found that the BH3-only protein mimetic S1, a novel pan Bcl-2 inhibitor, simultaneously interrupted glucose metabolism and induced apoptosis in human SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells, which was related to the activation of SIRT3, a stress-responsive deacetylase. S1 interrupted the cellular glucose metabolism mainly through causing damage to mitochondrial respiration and inhibiting glycolysis. Moreover, S1 upregulated the gene and protein expression of SIRT3, and induced the translocation of SIRT3 from the nucleus to mitochondria. SIRT3 silencing reversed the effects of S1 on glucose metabolism and apoptosis through increasing the level of HK-II localized to the mitochondria, while a combination of the glycolysis inhibitor 2-DG and S1 intensified the cytotoxicity through further upregulation of SIRT3 expression. This study underscores an essential role of SIRT3 in the antitumor effect of Bcl-2 inhibitors in human ovarian cancer through regulating both metabolism and apoptosis. The manipulation of Bcl-2 inhibitors combined with the use of classic glycolysis inhibitors may be rational strategies to improve ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yan Xiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Song Kang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Chun Yang
- Centre of Nephrology and Urology, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Xue
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ye Xu
- Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical College, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Yu-He Liu
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College, BeiHua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Yan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College, BeiHua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116012, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Kun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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McCormick KD, Ghosh A, Trivedi S, Wang L, Coyne CB, Ferris RL, Sarkar SN. Innate immune signaling through differential RIPK1 expression promote tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:522-9. [PMID: 26992898 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a devastating disease for which new treatments, such as immunotherapy are needed. Synthetic double-stranded RNAs, which activate toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), have been used as potent adjuvants in cancer immunotherapy by triggering a proapoptotic response in cancer cells. A better understanding of the mechanism of TLR3-mediated apoptosis and its potential involvement in controlling tumor metastasis could lead to improvements in current treatment. Using paired, autologous primary and metastatic HNSCC cells we previously showed that metastatic, but not primary tumor-derived cells, were unable to activate prosurvival NF-κB in response to p(I):p(C) resulting in an enhanced apoptotic response. Here, we show that transcriptional downregulation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) in metastatic HNSCC cells causes a loss of TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling, resulting in enhanced apoptosis. Loss of RIPK1 strongly correlates with metastatic disease in a cohort of HNSCC patients. This downregulation of RIPK1 is possibly mediated by enhanced methylation of the RIPK1 promoter in tumor cells and enhances protumorigenic properties such as cell migration. The results described here establish a novel mechanism of TLR3-mediated apoptosis in metastatic cells and may create new opportunities for using double stranded RNA to target metastatic tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D McCormick
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Cancer Virology Program and
| | - Arundhati Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Cancer Virology Program and
| | - Sumita Trivedi
- Cancer Immunology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Carolyn B Coyne
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Cancer Virology Program and
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Cancer Immunology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA, Department of Otolaryngology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Saumendra N Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Cancer Virology Program and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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22
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Alhazzazi TY, Kamarajan P, Xu Y, Ai T, Chen L, Verdin E, Kapila YL. A Novel Sirtuin-3 Inhibitor, LC-0296, Inhibits Cell Survival and Proliferation, and Promotes Apoptosis of Head and Neck Cancer Cells. Anticancer Res 2016; 36:49-60. [PMID: 26722027 PMCID: PMC5417072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The survival rate of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) stands at approximately 50% and this has not improved in decades. This study developed a novel sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) inhibitor (LC-0296) and examined its role in altering HNSCC tumorigenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of the SIRT3 inhibitor, LC-0296, on cell survival, proliferation, and apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species levels in HNSCC cells were studied. RESULTS LC-0296 reduces cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis of HNSCC cells but not of normal human oral keratinocytes. This inhibitory effect is mediated, in part, via modulation of reactive oxygen species levels. Additionally, LC-0296 works synergistically to increase the sensitivity of HNSCC cells to radiation and cisplatin treatment. CONCLUSION Development of novel SIRT3 inhibitors, such as LC-0296, might enable the development of new targeted therapies to treat and improve the survival rate of patients with head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki Y Alhazzazi
- Department of Oral Biology, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Yanli Xu
- Center for Drug Design, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A
| | - Teng Ai
- Center for Drug Design, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A
| | - Liqiang Chen
- Center for Drug Design, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A
| | - Eric Verdin
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A
| | - Yvonne L Kapila
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A.
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Liu W, Liu Y, Liu H, Zhang W, Fu Q, Xu J, Gu J. Tumor Suppressive Function of p21-activated Kinase 6 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:28489-28501. [PMID: 26442588 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.658237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies identified the oncogenic role of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Contrarily, PAK6 was found to predict a favorable prognosis in RCC patients. Nevertheless, the ambiguous tumor suppressive function of PAK6 in hepatocarcinogenesis remains obscure. Herein, decreased PAK6 expression was found to be associated with tumor node metastasis stage progression and unfavorable overall survival in HCC patients. Additionally, overexpression and silence of PAK6 experiments showed that PAK6 inhibited xenografted tumor growth in vivo, and restricted cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion and promoted cell apoptosis and anoikis in vitro. Moreover, overexpression of kinase dead and nuclear localization signal deletion mutants of PAK6 experiments indicated the tumor suppressive function of PAK6 was partially dependent on its kinase activity and nuclear translocation. Furthermore, gain or loss of function in polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) components, including EZH2, SUZ12, and EED, elucidated epigenetic control of H3K27me3-arbitrated PAK6 down-regulation in hepatoma cells. More importantly, negative correlation between PAK6 and EZH2 expression was observed in hepatoma tissues from HCC patients. These data identified the tumor suppressive role and potential underlying mechanism of PAK6 in hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisi Liu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032
| | - Yidong Liu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032
| | - Haiou Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Weijuan Zhang
- Departments of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032
| | - Qiang Fu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032.
| | - Jianxin Gu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032
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Nisin ZP, a Bacteriocin and Food Preservative, Inhibits Head and Neck Cancer Tumorigenesis and Prolongs Survival. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131008. [PMID: 26132406 PMCID: PMC4489501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of small antimicrobial peptides or bacteriocins, like nisin, to treat cancer is a new approach that holds great promise. Nisin exemplifies this new approach because it has been used safely in humans for many years as a food preservative, and recent laboratory studies support its anti-tumor potential in head and neck cancer. Previously, we showed that nisin (2.5%, low content) has antitumor potential in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in vitro and in vivo. The current studies explored a naturally occurring variant of nisin (nisin ZP; 95%, high content) for its antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. Nisin ZP induced the greatest level of apoptosis in HNSCC cells compared to low content nisin. HNSCC cells treated with increasing concentrations of nisin ZP exhibited increasing levels of apoptosis and decreasing levels of cell proliferation, clonogenic capacity, and sphere formation. Nisin ZP induced apoptosis through a calpain-dependent pathway in HNSCC cells but not in human oral keratinocytes. Nisin ZP also induced apoptosis dose-dependently in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with concomitant decreases in vascular sprout formation in vitro and reduced intratumoral microvessel density in vivo. Nisin ZP reduced tumorigenesis in vivo and long-term treatment with nisin ZP extended survival. In addition, nisin treated mice exhibited normal organ histology with no evidence of inflammation, fibrosis or necrosis. In summary, nisin ZP exhibits greater antitumor effects than low content nisin, and thus has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic for HNSCC.
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Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), a therapeutic target with oncogenic and tumor-suppressive function in cancer. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1047. [PMID: 24503539 PMCID: PMC3944233 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), a major mitochondria NAD+-dependent deacetylase, may target mitochondrial proteins for lysine deacetylation and also regulate cellular functions. And, SIRT3 is an emerging instrumental regulator of the mitochondrial adaptive response to stress, such as metabolic reprogramming and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Accumulating evidence has recently demonstrated that SIRT3 may function as either oncogene or tumor suppressor on influencing cell death by targeting a series of key modulators and their relevant pathways in cancer. Thus, in this review, we present the structure, transcriptional regulation, and posttranslational modifications of SIRT3. Subsequently, we focus on highlighting the Janus role of SIRT3 with oncogenic or tumor-suppressive function in cancer, which may provide more new clues for exploring SIRT3 as a therapeutic target for drug discovery.
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26
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Kamarajan P, Shin JM, Qian X, Matte B, Zhu JY, Kapila YL. ADAM17-mediated CD44 cleavage promotes orasphere formation or stemness and tumorigenesis in HNSCC. Cancer Med 2013; 2:793-802. [PMID: 24403253 PMCID: PMC3892384 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44, an extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor, has been described as a cancer stem cell marker in multiple cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC orasphere formation or stemness was characterized by cleavage of CD44, and thus we hypothesized that this proteolytic processing may be critical to stemness and tumorigenesis. We tested this hypothesis by examining the mechanisms that regulate this process in vitro and in vivo, and by exploring its clinical relevance in human specimens. Sphere assays have been used to evaluate stemness in vitro. Spheres comprised of HNSCC cells or oraspheres and an oral cancer mouse model were used to examine the significance of CD44 cleavage using stable suppression and inhibition approaches. These mechanisms were also examined in HNSCC specimens. Oraspheres exhibited increased levels of CD44 cleavage compared to their adherent counterparts. Given that disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17 (ADAM17) is a major matrix metalloproteinase known to cleave CD44, we chemically inhibited and stably suppressed ADAM17 expression in HNSCC cells and found that these treatments blocked CD44 cleavage and abrogated orasphere formation. Furthermore, stable suppression of ADAM17 in HNSCC cells also diminished tumorigenesis in an oral cancer mouse model. Consistently, stable suppression of CD44 in HNSCC cells abrogated orasphere formation and inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo. The clinical relevance of these findings was confirmed in matched primary and metastatic human HNSCC specimens, which exhibited increased levels of ADAM17 expression and concomitant CD44 cleavage compared to controls. CD44 cleavage by ADAM17 is critical to orasphere formation or stemness and HNSCC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Yuan H, Su L, Chen WY. The emerging and diverse roles of sirtuins in cancer: a clinical perspective. Onco Targets Ther 2013; 6:1399-416. [PMID: 24133372 PMCID: PMC3797239 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s37750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are a highly conserved family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+))-dependent protein lysine modifying enzymes with deacetylase, adenosine diphosphateribosyltransferase and other deacylase activities. Mammals have seven sirtuins, namely SIRT1-7. They are key regulators for a wide variety of cellular and physiological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, DNA damage and stress response, genome stability, cell survival, metabolism, energy homeostasis, organ development, aging, and cancer. Here we present an extensive literature review of the roles of mammalian sirtuins, particularly SIRT1 as that is the most studied sirtuin, in human epithelial, neuronal, hematopoietic, and mesenchymal malignancies, covering breast, prostate, lung, thyroid, liver, colon, gastric, pancreatic, ovarian, and cervical cancers, tumors of the central nervous system, leukemia and lymphoma, and soft tissue sarcomas. Collective evidence suggests sirtuins are involved in both promoting and suppressing tumorigenesis depending on cellular and molecular contexts. We discuss the potential use of sirtuin modulators, especially sirtuin inhibitors, in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Yuan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
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28
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Alhazzazi TY, Kamarajan P, Verdin E, Kapila YL. Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) and the Hallmarks of Cancer. Genes Cancer 2013; 4:164-71. [PMID: 24020007 DOI: 10.1177/1947601913486351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7), the mammalian homologs of the silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, have been a major focus of study in the scientific community this past decade because of their emerging role in cancer biology and other age-related diseases. Emerging functions for this unique family of enzymes include roles in genomic stability, angiogenesis, metabolism, and anoikis. Here, we review recent developments on the role of sirtuins in cancer with a particular focus on SIRT3 and its role in the hallmarks of cancer and as a potential drug target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki Y Alhazzazi
- Division of Oral Biology, Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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29
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Morris BJ. Seven sirtuins for seven deadly diseases of aging. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 56:133-71. [PMID: 23104101 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.10.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins are a class of NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases having beneficial health effects. This extensive review describes the numerous intracellular actions of the seven mammalian sirtuins, their protein targets, intracellular localization, the pathways they modulate, and their role in common diseases of aging. Selective pharmacological targeting of sirtuins is of current interest in helping to alleviate global disease burden. Since all sirtuins are activated by NAD(+), strategies that boost NAD(+) in cells are of interest. While most is known about SIRT1, the functions of the six other sirtuins are now emerging. Best known is the involvement of sirtuins in helping cells adapt energy output to match energy requirements. SIRT1 and some of the other sirtuins enhance fat metabolism and modulate mitochondrial respiration to optimize energy harvesting. The AMP kinase/SIRT1-PGC-1α-PPAR axis and mitochondrial sirtuins appear pivotal to maintaining mitochondrial function. Downregulation with aging explains much of the pathophysiology that accumulates with aging. Posttranslational modifications of sirtuins and their substrates affect specificity. Although SIRT1 activation seems not to affect life span, activation of some of the other sirtuins might. Since sirtuins are crucial to pathways that counter the decline in health that accompanies aging, pharmacological agents that boost sirtuin activity have clinical potential in treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dementia, osteoporosis, arthritis, and other conditions. In cancer, however, SIRT1 inhibitors could have therapeutic value. Nutraceuticals such as resveratrol have a multiplicity of actions besides sirtuin activation. Their net health benefit and relative safety may have originated from the ability of animals to survive environmental changes by utilizing these stress resistance chemicals in the diet during evolution. Each sirtuin forms a key hub to the intracellular pathways affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Morris
- Basic & Clinical Genomics Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, Building F13, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Joo NE, Ritchie K, Kamarajan P, Miao D, Kapila YL. Nisin, an apoptogenic bacteriocin and food preservative, attenuates HNSCC tumorigenesis via CHAC1. Cancer Med 2012; 1:295-305. [PMID: 23342279 PMCID: PMC3544465 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nisin, a bacteriocin and commonly used food preservative, may serve as a novel potential therapeutic for treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), as it induces preferential apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and reduces cell proliferation in HNSCC cells, compared with primary keratinocytes. Nisin also reduces HNSCC tumorigenesis in vivo. Mechanistically, nisin exerts these effects on HNSCC, in part, through CHAC1, a proapoptotic cation transport regulator, and through a concomitant CHAC1-independent influx of extracellular calcium. In addition, although CHAC1 is known as an apoptotic mediator, its effects on cancer cell apoptosis have not been examined. Our studies are the first to report CHAC1's new role in promoting cancer cell apoptosis under nisin treatment. These data support the concept that nisin decreases HNSCC tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo by inducing increased cell apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation; effects that are mediated by activation of CHAC1, increased calcium influxes, and induction of cell cycle arrest. These findings support the use of nisin as a potentially novel therapeutic for HNSCC, and as nisin is safe for human consumption and currently used in food preservation, its translation into a clinical setting may be facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam E Joo
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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