1
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Qi C, Mankinen O, Telkki VV, Hilty C. Measuring Protein-Ligand Binding by Hyperpolarized Ultrafast NMR. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5063-5066. [PMID: 38373110 PMCID: PMC10910566 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Protein-ligand interactions can be detected by observing changes in the transverse relaxation rates of the ligand upon binding. The ultrafast NMR technique, which correlates the chemical shift with the transverse relaxation rate, allows for the simultaneous acquisition of R2 for carbon spins at different positions. In combination with dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP), where the signal intensity is enhanced by thousands of times, the R2 values of several carbon signals from unlabeled benzylamine are observable within a single scan. The hyperpolarized ultrafast chemical shift-R2 correlated experiment separates chemical shift encoding from the readout phase in the NMR pulse sequence, which allows it to beat the fundamental limit on the spectral resolution otherwise imposed by the sampling theorem. Applications enabled by the ability to measure multiple relaxation rates in a single scan include the study of structural properties of protein-ligand interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Qi
- Chemistry
Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United
States
| | - Otto Mankinen
- NMR
Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University
of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ville-Veikko Telkki
- NMR
Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University
of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Christian Hilty
- Chemistry
Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United
States
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2
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Tolkkinen K, Mailhiot SE, Selent A, Mankinen O, Henschel H, Nieminen MT, Hanni M, Kantola AM, Liimatainen T, Telkki VV. SPICY: a method for single scan rotating frame relaxometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13164-13169. [PMID: 37129427 PMCID: PMC10171246 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05988f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
T 1ρ is an NMR relaxation mode that is sensitive to low frequency molecular motions, making it an especially valuable tool in biomolecular research. Here, we introduce a new method, SPICY, for measuring T1ρ relaxation times. In contrast to conventional T1ρ experiments, in which the sequence is repeated many times to determine the T1ρ time, the SPICY sequence allows determination of T1ρ within a single scan, shortening the experiment time remarkably. We demonstrate the method using 1H T1ρ relaxation dispersion experiments. Additionally, we combine the sequence with spatial encoding to produce 1D images in a single scan. We show that T1ρ relaxation times obtained using the single scan approach are in good agreement with those obtained using the traditional experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne Selent
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Otto Mankinen
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Henning Henschel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Miika T Nieminen
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Matti Hanni
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anu M Kantola
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Timo Liimatainen
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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3
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Maillet B, Sidi-Boulenouar R, Coussot P. Dynamic NMR Relaxometry as a Simple Tool for Measuring Liquid Transfers and Characterizing Surface and Structure Evolution in Porous Media. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15009-15025. [PMID: 36468708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Porous media containing voids which can be filled with gas and/or liquids are ubiquitous in our everyday life: soils, wood, bricks, concrete, sponges, and textiles. It is of major interest to identify how a liquid, pushing another fluid or transporting particles, ions, or nutriments, can penetrate or be extracted from the porous medium. High-resolution X-ray microtomography, neutron imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging are techniques allowing us to obtain, in a nondestructive way, a view of the internal processes in nontransparent porous media. Here we review the possibilities of a simple though powerful technique which provides various direct quantitative information on the liquid distribution inside the porous structure and its variations over time due to fluid transport and/or phase changes. It relies on the analysis of the details of the NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) relaxation of the proton spins of the liquid molecules and its evolution during some process such as the imbibition, drying, or phase change of the sample. This rather cheap technique then allows us to distinguish how the liquid is distributed in the different pore sizes or pore types and how this evolves over time; since the NMR relaxation time depends on the fraction of time spent by the molecule along the solid surface, this technique can also be used to determine the specific surface of some pore classes in the material. The principles of the technique and its contribution to the physical understanding of the processes are illustrated through examples: imbibition, drying or fluid transfers in a nanoporous silica glass, large pores dispersed in a fine polymeric porous matrix, a pile of cellulose fibers partially saturated with bound water, a softwood, and a simple porous inclusion in a cement paste. We thus show the efficiency of the technique to quantify the transfers with a good temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Maillet
- Laboratoire Navier (Ecole des Ponts Paris Tech-Université Gustave Eiffel-CNRS), 77420Champs-sur-Marne, France
| | - Rahima Sidi-Boulenouar
- Laboratoire Navier (Ecole des Ponts Paris Tech-Université Gustave Eiffel-CNRS), 77420Champs-sur-Marne, France
| | - Philippe Coussot
- Laboratoire Navier (Ecole des Ponts Paris Tech-Université Gustave Eiffel-CNRS), 77420Champs-sur-Marne, France
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4
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Ullah MS, Mankinen O, Zhivonitko VV, Telkki VV. Ultrafast transverse relaxation exchange NMR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22109-22114. [PMID: 36074123 PMCID: PMC9491048 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02944h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular exchange between different physical or chemical environments occurs due to either diffusion or chemical transformation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides a means of understanding the molecular exchange in a noninvasive way and without tracers. Here, we introduce a novel two dimensional, single-scan ultrafast Laplace NMR (UF LNMR) method to monitor molecular exchange using transverse relaxation as a contrast. The UF T2–T2 relaxation exchange spectroscopy (REXSY) method shortens the experiment time by one to two orders of magnitude compared to its conventional counterpart. Contrary to the conventional EXSY, the exchanging sites are distinguished based on T2 relaxation times instead of chemical shifts, making the method especially useful for systems including physical exchange of molecules. Therefore, the UF REXSY method offers an efficient means for quantification of exchange processes in various fields such as cellular metabolism and ion transport in electrolytes. As a proof of principle, we studied a halogen-free orthoborate based ionic liquid system and followed molecular exchange between molecular aggregates and free molecules. The results are in good agreement with the conventional exchange studies. Due to the single-scan nature, the method potentially significantly facilitates the use of modern hyperpolarization techniques to boost the sensitivity by several orders of magnitude. An ultrafast two-dimensional NMR method allows quantification of molecular exchange rates efficiently based on T2 relaxation contrast.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sharif Ullah
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O.Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Otto Mankinen
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O.Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Vladimir V Zhivonitko
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O.Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Ville-Veikko Telkki
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O.Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
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5
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Kharbanda Y, Urbańczyk M, Zhivonitko VV, Mailhiot S, Kettunen MI, Telkki VV. Sensitive, Efficient and Portable Analysis of Molecular Exchange Processes by Hyperpolarized Ultrafast NMR. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203957. [PMID: 35499690 PMCID: PMC9400989 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molecular exchange processes are ubiquitous in nature. Here, we introduce a method to analyze exchange processes by using low-cost, portable, single-sided NMR instruments. The inherent magnetic field inhomogeneity of the single-sided instruments is exploited to achieve diffusion contrast of exchange sites and spatial encoding of 2D data. This so-called ultrafast diffusion exchange spectroscopy method shortens the experiment time by two to four orders of magnitude. Furthermore, because full 2D data are measured in a single scan (in a fraction of a second), the sensitivity of the experiment can be improved by several orders of magnitude using so-called nuclear spin hyperpolarization methods (in this case, dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization). As the first demonstration of the feasibility of the method in various applications, we show that the method enables quantification of intra- and extracellular exchange of water in a yeast cell suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mateusz Urbańczyk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Sarah Mailhiot
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90540, Finland
| | - Mikko I Kettunen
- Kuopio Biomedical Imaging Unit, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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6
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Lhoste C, Lorandel B, Praud C, Marchand A, Mishra R, Dey A, Bernard A, Dumez JN, Giraudeau P. Ultrafast 2D NMR for the analysis of complex mixtures. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 130-131:1-46. [PMID: 36113916 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
2D NMR is extensively used in many different fields, and its potential for the study of complex biochemical or chemical mixtures has been widely demonstrated. 2D NMR gives the ability to resolve peaks that overlap in 1D spectra, while providing both structural and quantitative information. However, complex mixtures are often analysed in situations where the data acquisition time is a crucial limitation, due to an ongoing chemical reaction or a moving sample from a hyphenated technique, or to the high-throughput requirement associated with large sample collections. Among the great diversity of available fast 2D methods, ultrafast (or single-scan) 2D NMR is probably the most general and versatile approach for complex mixture analysis. Indeed, ultrafast NMR has undergone an impressive number of methodological developments that have helped turn it into an efficient analytical tool, and numerous applications to the analysis of mixtures have been reported. This review first summarizes the main concepts, features and practical limitations of ultrafast 2D NMR, as well as the methodological developments that improved its analytical potential. Then, a detailed description of the main applications of ultrafast 2D NMR to mixture analysis is given. The two major application fields of ultrafast 2D NMR are first covered, i.e., reaction/process monitoring and metabolomics. Then, the potential of ultrafast 2D NMR for the analysis of hyperpolarized mixtures is described, as well as recent developments in oriented media. This review focuses on high-resolution liquid-state 2D experiments (including benchtop NMR) that include at least one spectroscopic dimension (i.e., 2D spectroscopy and DOSY) but does not cover in depth applications without spectral resolution and/or in inhomogeneous fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Lhoste
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | | | - Clément Praud
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Achille Marchand
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Rituraj Mishra
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Arnab Dey
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Aurélie Bernard
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
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7
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Kharbanda Y, Urbańczyk M, Zhivonitko VV, Mailhiot S, Kettunen MI, Telkki V. Sensitive, Efficient and Portable Analysis of Molecular Exchange Processes by Hyperpolarized Ultrafast NMR. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mateusz Urbańczyk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | | | | | - Mikko I. Kettunen
- Kuopio Biomedical Imaging Unit A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
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8
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Telkki VV, Urbańczyk M, Zhivonitko V. Ultrafast methods for relaxation and diffusion. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 126-127:101-120. [PMID: 34852922 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Relaxation and diffusion NMR measurements offer an approach to studying rotational and translational motion of molecules non-invasively, and they also provide chemical resolution complementary to NMR spectra. Multidimensional experiments enable the correlation of relaxation and diffusion parameters as well as the observation of molecular exchange phenomena through relaxation or diffusion contrast. This review describes how to accelerate multidimensional relaxation and diffusion measurements significantly through spatial encoding. This so-called ultrafast Laplace NMR approach shortens the experiment time to a fraction and makes even single-scan experiments possible. Single-scan experiments, in turn, significantly facilitate the use of nuclear spin hyperpolarization methods to boost sensitivity. The ultrafast Laplace NMR method is also applicable with low-field, mobile NMR instruments, and it can be exploited in many disciplines. For example, it has been used in studies of the dynamics of fluids in porous materials, identification of intra- and extracellular metabolites in cancer cells, and elucidation of aggregation phenomena in atmospheric surfactant solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mateusz Urbańczyk
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014, Finland; Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Tickner BJ, Zhivonitko VV, Telkki VV. Ultrafast Laplace NMR to study metal-ligand interactions in reversible polarisation transfer from parahydrogen. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:16542-16550. [PMID: 34338685 PMCID: PMC8359933 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02383g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Laplace Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) can determine relaxation parameters and diffusion constants, giving valuable information about molecular structure and dynamics. Information about relaxation times (T1 and T2) and the self-diffusion coefficient (D) can be extracted from exponentially decaying NMR signals by performing a Laplace transform, which is a different approach to traditional NMR involving Fourier transform of a free induction decay. Ultrafast Laplace NMR uses spatial encoding to collect the entire data set in just a single scan which provides orders of magnitude time savings. In this work we use ultrafast Laplace NMR D-T2 correlation sequences to measure key relaxation (T2) and diffusion (D) parameters of methanolic solutions containing pyridine. For the first time we combine this technique with the hyperpolarisation technique Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE), which employs an iridium catalyst to reversibly transfer polarisation from parahydrogen, to boost the 1H NMR signals of pyridine by up to 300-fold. We demonstrate use of ultrafast Laplace NMR to monitor changes in pyridine T2 and D associated with ligation to the iridium SABRE catalyst and kinetic isotope exchange reactions. The combined 1440-fold reduction in experiment time and 300-fold 1H NMR signal enhancement allow the determination of pyridine D coefficients and T2 values at 25 mM concentrations in just 3 seconds using SABRE hyperpolarised ultrafast Laplace NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben. J. Tickner
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu90014Finland
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10
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Dumez JN. -Frequency-swept pulses for ultrafast spatially encoded NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 323:106817. [PMID: 33518177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast NMR based on spatial encoding yields arbitrary multidimensional spectra in a single scan. The dramatic acceleration afforded by spatial parallelisation makes it possible to capture transient species and processes, and has notably been applied to the monitoring of reactions and the analysis of hyperpolarised species. At the heart of ultrafast NMR lies the spatially sequential manipulation of nuclear spins. This is virtually always achieved by combining a swept radio-frequency pulse with a magnetic field gradient pulse. The dynamics of nuclear spins during these pulse sequence elements is key to understand and design ultrafast NMR experiments, and can often be described by surprisingly simple models. This article describes the spatial encoding of relaxation, chemical shift and diffusion in a common framework and discusses directions for future developments.
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11
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Peng WK, Ng TT, Loh TP. Machine learning assistive rapid, label-free molecular phenotyping of blood with two-dimensional NMR correlational spectroscopy. Commun Biol 2020; 3:535. [PMID: 32985608 PMCID: PMC7522972 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Translation of the findings in basic science and clinical research into routine practice is hampered by large variations in human phenotype. Developments in genotyping and phenotyping, such as proteomics and lipidomics, are beginning to address these limitations. In this work, we developed a new methodology for rapid, label-free molecular phenotyping of biological fluids (e.g., blood) by exploiting the recent advances in fast and highly efficient multidimensional inverse Laplace decomposition technique. We demonstrated that using two-dimensional T1-T2 correlational spectroscopy on a single drop of blood (<5 μL), a highly time- and patient-specific 'molecular fingerprint' can be obtained in minutes. Machine learning techniques were introduced to transform the NMR correlational map into user-friendly information for point-of-care disease diagnostic and monitoring. The clinical utilities of this technique were demonstrated through the direct analysis of human whole blood in various physiological (e.g., oxygenated/deoxygenated states) and pathological (e.g., blood oxidation, hemoglobinopathies) conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weng Kung Peng
- Precision Medicine - Engineering Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715 330, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Tian-Tsong Ng
- Institute for Infocomm Research, Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Ping Loh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
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12
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Urbańczyk M, Kharbanda Y, Mankinen O, Telkki VV. Accelerating Restricted Diffusion NMR Studies with Time-Resolved and Ultrafast Methods. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9948-9955. [PMID: 32551510 PMCID: PMC7439255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Restricted
diffusion of fluids in porous materials can be studied
by pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) non-invasively
and without tracers. If the experiment is repeated many times with
varying diffusion delays, detailed information about pore sizes and
tortuosity can be recorded. However, the measurements are very time-consuming
because numerous repetitions are needed for gradient ramping and varying
diffusion delays. In this paper, we demonstrate two different strategies
for acceleration of the restricted diffusion NMR measurements: time-resolved
diffusion NMR and ultrafast Laplace NMR. The former is based on time-resolved
non-uniform sampling, while the latter relies on spatial encoding
of two-dimensional data. Both techniques allow similar 1–2
order of magnitude acceleration of acquisition, but they have different
strengths and weaknesses, which we discuss in detail. The feasibility
of the methods was proven by investigating restricted diffusion of
water inside tracheid cells of thermally modified pine wood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Otto Mankinen
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.,Oulu Functional NeuroImaging Group, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, 90029 Oulu, Finland
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13
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Abstract
The exchange of molecules between different physical or chemical environments due to diffusion or chemical transformations has a crucial role in a plethora of fundamental processes such as breathing, protein folding, chemical reactions and catalysis. Here, we introduce a method for a single-scan, ultrafast NMR analysis of molecular exchange based on the diffusion coefficient contrast. The method shortens the experiment time by one to four orders of magnitude. Consequently, it opens the way for high sensitivity quantification of important transient physical and chemical exchange processes such as in cellular metabolism. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate that the method reveals the structure of aggregates formed by surfactants relevant to aerosol research. Analysis of exchange processes is time consuming by two-dimensional exchange NMR spectroscopy. Here the authors demonstrate a single-scan ultrafast Laplace NMR approach based on spatial encoding to measure molecular diffusion, with an increase by a factor six in the sensitivity per unit time.
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14
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Zhivonitko VV, Ullah MS, Telkki VV. Nonlinear sampling in ultrafast Laplace NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 307:106571. [PMID: 31445478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.106571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast Laplace NMR (UF-LNMR) reduces the experiment time of multidimensional relaxation and diffusion measurements to a fraction. Here, we demonstrate a method for nonlinear (in this case logarithmic) sampling of the indirect dimension in UF-LNMR measurements. The method is based on the use of frequency-swept pulses with the frequency nonlinearly increasing with time. This leads to an optimized detection of exponential experimental data and significantly improved resolution of LNMR parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Sharif Ullah
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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15
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Dumez JN. Spatial encoding and spatial selection methods in high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 109:101-134. [PMID: 30527133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A family of high-resolution NMR methods share the common concept of acquiring in parallel different sub-experiments in different spatial regions of the NMR tube. These spatial encoding and spatial selection methods were for the most part introduced independently from each other and serve different purposes, but they share common ingredients, often derived from magnetic resonance imaging, and they all benefit from a greatly improved time-efficiency. This review article provides a description of several spatial encoding and spatial selection methods, including single-scan multidimensional experiments (ultrafast 2D NMR, DOSY, Z spectroscopy, inversion recovery and Laplace NMR), pure shift and selective refocusing experiments (including Zangger-Sterk decoupling, G-SERF and PSYCHE), a Z filter, and fast-pulsing slice-selective experiments. Some key elements for spatial parallelisation are introduced and when possible a common framework is used for the analysis of each method. Sensitivity considerations are discussed, and a selection of applications is analysed to illustrate which questions can be answered thanks to spatial encoding and spatial selection methods, and discuss the perspectives for future developments and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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16
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Zhang G, Ahola S, Lerche MH, Telkki VV, Hilty C. Identification of Intracellular and Extracellular Metabolites in Cancer Cells Using 13C Hyperpolarized Ultrafast Laplace NMR. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11131-11137. [PMID: 30125087 PMCID: PMC6168181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Ultrafast
Laplace NMR (UF-LNMR), which is based on the spatial
encoding of multidimensional data, enables one to carry out 2D relaxation
and diffusion measurements in a single scan. Besides reducing the
experiment time to a fraction, it significantly facilitates the use
of nuclear spin hyperpolarization to boost experimental sensitivity,
because the time-consuming polarization step does not need to be repeated.
Here we demonstrate the usability of hyperpolarized UF-LNMR in the
context of cell metabolism, by investigating the conversion of pyruvate
to lactate in the cultures of mouse 4T1 cancer cells. We show that 13C ultrafast diffusion–T2 relaxation correlation measurements, with the sensitivity enhanced
by several orders of magnitude by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization
(D-DNP), allows the determination of the extra- vs intracellular
location of metabolites because of their significantly different values
of diffusion coefficients and T2 relaxation
times. Under the current conditions, pyruvate was located predominantly
in the extracellular pool, while lactate remained primarily intracellular.
Contrary to the small flip angle diffusion methods reported in the
literature, the UF-LNMR method does not require several scans with
varying gradient strength, and it provides a combined diffusion and T2 contrast. Furthermore, the ultrafast concept
can be extended to various other multidimensional LNMR experiments,
which will provide detailed information about the dynamics and exchange
processes of cell metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Susanna Ahola
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science , University of Oulu , P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu , Finland
| | - Mathilde H Lerche
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance , Technical University of Denmark , Building 349, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Ville-Veikko Telkki
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science , University of Oulu , P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu , Finland
| | - Christian Hilty
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
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17
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King JN, Fallorina A, Yu J, Zhang G, Telkki VV, Hilty C, Meldrum T. Probing molecular dynamics with hyperpolarized ultrafast Laplace NMR using a low-field, single-sided magnet. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6143-6149. [PMID: 30090302 PMCID: PMC6053973 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01329b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Laplace NMR (LNMR) offers deep insights on diffusional and rotational motion of molecules. The so-called "ultrafast" approach, based on spatial data encoding, enables one to carry out a multidimensional LNMR experiment in a single scan, providing from 10 to 1000-fold acceleration of the experiment. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of ultrafast diffusion-T2 relaxation correlation (D-T2) measurements with a mobile, low-field, relatively low-cost, single-sided NMR magnet. We show that the method can probe a broad range of diffusion coefficients (at least from 10-8 to 10-12 m2 s-1) and reveal multiple components of fluids in heterogeneous materials. The single-scan approach is demonstrably compatible with nuclear spin hyperpolarization techniques because the time-consuming hyperpolarization process does not need to be repeated. Using dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), we improved the NMR sensitivity of water molecules by a factor of 105 relative to non-hyperpolarized NMR in the 0.3 T field of the single-sided magnet. This enabled us to acquire a D-T2 map in a single, 22 ms scan, despite the low field and relatively low mole fraction (0.003) of hyperpolarized water. Consequently, low-field, hyperpolarized ultrafast LNMR offers significant prospects for advanced, mobile, low-cost and high-sensitivity chemical and medical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared N King
- Department of Chemistry , The College of William & Mary , Williamsburg , Virginia 23187-8795 , USA .
| | - Alfredo Fallorina
- Department of Chemistry , The College of William & Mary , Williamsburg , Virginia 23187-8795 , USA .
| | - Justin Yu
- Department of Chemistry , The College of William & Mary , Williamsburg , Virginia 23187-8795 , USA .
| | - Guannan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU , College Station , Texas 77843 , USA
| | - Ville-Veikko Telkki
- NMR Research Unit , Faculty of Science , University of Oulu , 90014 Oulu , Finland
| | - Christian Hilty
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU , College Station , Texas 77843 , USA
| | - Tyler Meldrum
- Department of Chemistry , The College of William & Mary , Williamsburg , Virginia 23187-8795 , USA .
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18
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Telkki VV. Hyperpolarized Laplace NMR. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:619-632. [PMID: 29441608 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Laplace nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dealing with NMR relaxation and diffusion experiments, reveals details of molecular motion and provides chemical resolution complementary to NMR spectra. Laplace NMR has witnessed a great progress in past decades due to the development of methodology and signal processing, and it has lots of extremely interesting applications in various fields, including chemistry, biochemistry, geology, archaeology, and medicine. The aim of this minireview is to give a pedagogically oriented overview of Laplace NMR. It does not provide a full literature review of the field, but, instead, it elucidate the benefits and features of Laplace NMR methods through few selected examples. The minireview describes also recent progress in multidimensional Laplace NMR and Laplace inversion methods. Furthermore, the potential of modern hyperpolarization methods as well as ultrafast approach to increase the sensitivity and time-efficiency of the Laplace NMR experiments is highlighted.
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19
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Montrazi ET, Lucas-Oliveira E, Araujo-Ferreira AG, Barsi-Andreeta M, Bonagamba TJ. Simultaneous acquisition for T 2-T 2 Exchange and T 1-T 2 correlation NMR experiments. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2018; 289:63-71. [PMID: 29471277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The NMR measurements of longitudinal and transverse relaxation times and its multidimensional correlations provide useful information about molecular dynamics. However, these experiments are very time-consuming, and many researchers proposed faster experiments to reduce this issue. This paper presents a new way to simultaneously perform T2-T2 Exchange and T1-T2 correlation experiments by taking the advantage of the storage time and the two steps phase cycling used for running the relaxation exchange experiment. The data corresponding to each step is either summed or subtracted to produce the T2-T2 and T1-T2 data, enhancing the information obtained while maintaining the experiment duration. Comparing the results from this technique with traditional NMR experiments it was possible to validate the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elton T Montrazi
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, PO Box 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Everton Lucas-Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, PO Box 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur G Araujo-Ferreira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, PO Box 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariane Barsi-Andreeta
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, PO Box 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Tito J Bonagamba
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, PO Box 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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20
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Javed MA, Ahola S, Håkansson P, Mankinen O, Aslam MK, Filippov A, Shah FU, Glavatskih S, Antzutkin ON, Telkki VV. Structure and dynamics elucidation of ionic liquids using multidimensional Laplace NMR. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:11056-11059. [PMID: 28948273 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05493a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the ability of multidimensional Laplace NMR (LNMR), comprising relaxation and diffusion experiments, to reveal essential information about microscopic phase structures and dynamics of ionic liquids that is not observable using conventional NMR spectroscopy or other techniques.
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21
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Chen H, Cai S, Chen Z. A method for longitudinal relaxation time measurement in inhomogeneous fields. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 281:118-124. [PMID: 28586739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) plays a crucial role in the study of spin dynamics, signal optimization and data quantification. However, the measurement of chemical shift-specific T1 constants is hampered by the magnetic field inhomogeneity due to poorly shimmed external magnetic fields or intrinsic magnetic susceptibility heterogeneity in samples. In this study, we present a new protocol to determine chemical shift-specific T1 constants in inhomogeneous fields. Based on intermolecular double-quantum coherences, the new method can resolve overlapped peaks in inhomogeneous fields. The measurement results are in consistent with the measurements in homogeneous fields using the conventional method. Since spatial encoding technique is involved, the experimental time for the new method is very close to that for the conventional method. With the aid of T1 knowledge, some concealed information can be exploited by T1 weighting experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shuhui Cai
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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22
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Ahola S, Mankinen O, Telkki VV. Ultrafast NMR diffusion measurements exploiting chirp spin echoes. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2017; 55:341-347. [PMID: 27726201 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Standard diffusion NMR measurements require the repetition of the experiment multiple times with varying gradient strength or diffusion delay. This makes the experiment time-consuming and restricts the use of hyperpolarized substances to boost sensitivity. We propose a novel single-scan diffusion experiment, which is based on spatial encoding of two-dimensional data, employing the spin-echoes created by two successive adiabatic frequency-swept chirp π pulses. The experiment is called ultrafast pulsed-field-gradient spin-echo (UF-PGSE). We present a rigorous derivation of the echo amplitude in the UF-PGSE experiment, justifying the theoretical basis of the method. The theory reveals also that the standard analysis of experimental data leads to a diffusion coefficient value overestimated by a few per cent. Although the overestimation is of the order of experimental error and thus insignificant in many practical applications, we propose that it can be compensated by a bipolar gradient version of the experiment, UF-BP-PGSE, or by corresponding stimulated-echo experiment, UF-BP-pulsed-field-gradient stimulated-echo. The latter also removes the effect of uniform background gradients. The experiments offer significant prospects for monitoring fast processes in real time as well as for increasing the sensitivity of experiments by several orders of magnitude by nuclear spin hyperpolarization. Furthermore, they can be applied as basic blocks in various ultrafast multidimensional Laplace NMR experiments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Ahola
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, POBox 3000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Otto Mankinen
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, POBox 3000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
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23
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Barskiy DA, Coffey AM, Nikolaou P, Mikhaylov DM, Goodson BM, Branca RT, Lu GJ, Shapiro MG, Telkki VV, Zhivonitko VV, Koptyug IV, Salnikov OG, Kovtunov KV, Bukhtiyarov VI, Rosen MS, Barlow MJ, Safavi S, Hall IP, Schröder L, Chekmenev EY. NMR Hyperpolarization Techniques of Gases. Chemistry 2017; 23:725-751. [PMID: 27711999 PMCID: PMC5462469 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear spin polarization can be significantly increased through the process of hyperpolarization, leading to an increase in the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments by 4-8 orders of magnitude. Hyperpolarized gases, unlike liquids and solids, can often be readily separated and purified from the compounds used to mediate the hyperpolarization processes. These pure hyperpolarized gases enabled many novel MRI applications including the visualization of void spaces, imaging of lung function, and remote detection. Additionally, hyperpolarized gases can be dissolved in liquids and can be used as sensitive molecular probes and reporters. This Minireview covers the fundamentals of the preparation of hyperpolarized gases and focuses on selected applications of interest to biomedicine and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila A Barskiy
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Aaron M Coffey
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Panayiotis Nikolaou
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | - Boyd M Goodson
- Southern Illinois University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Technology Center, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Rosa T Branca
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - George J Lu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Mikhail G Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | | | - Vladimir V Zhivonitko
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Matthew S Rosen
- MGH/A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Michael J Barlow
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Shahideh Safavi
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ian P Hall
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Department of Structural Biology, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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24
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Moraes TB, Monaretto T, Colnago LA. Rapid and simple determination of T1 relaxation times in time-domain NMR by Continuous Wave Free Precession sequence. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 270:1-6. [PMID: 27376553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation times have been widely used in time-domain NMR (TD-NMR) to determine several physicochemical properties of petroleum, polymers, and food products. The measurement of T2 through the CPMG pulse sequence has been used in most of these applications because it denotes a rapid, robust method. On the other hand, T1 has been occasionally used in TD-NMR due to the long measurement time required to collect multiple points along the T1 relaxation curve. Recently, several rapid methods to measure T1 have been proposed. Those methods based upon single shot, known as Continuous Wave Free Precession (CWFP) pulse sequences, have been employed in the simultaneous measurement of T1 and T2 in a rapid fashion. However, these sequences can be used exclusively in instrument featuring short dead time because the magnitude of the signal at thermal equilibrium is required. In this paper, we demonstrate that a special CWFP sequence with a low flip angle can be a simple and rapid method to measure T1 regardless of instruments dead time. Experimental results confirmed that the method called CWFP-T1 may be used to measure both single T1 value and T1 distribution in heterogeneous samples. Therefore, CWFP-T1 sequence can be a feasible alternative to CPMG in the determination of physicochemical properties, particularly in processes where fast protocols are requested such as industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Bueno Moraes
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Monaretto
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Colnago
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil.
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25
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Williamson NH, Röding M, Galvosas P, Miklavcic SJ, Nydén M. Obtaining T1-T2 distribution functions from 1-dimensional T1 and T2 measurements: The pseudo 2-D relaxation model. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 269:186-195. [PMID: 27344611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present the pseudo 2-D relaxation model (P2DRM), a method to estimate multidimensional probability distributions of material parameters from independent 1-D measurements. We illustrate its use on 1-D T1 and T2 relaxation measurements of saturated rock and evaluate it on both simulated and experimental T1-T2 correlation measurement data sets. Results were in excellent agreement with the actual, known 2-D distribution in the case of the simulated data set. In both the simulated and experimental case, the functional relationships between T1 and T2 were in good agreement with the T1-T2 correlation maps from the 2-D inverse Laplace transform of the full 2-D data sets. When a 1-D CPMG experiment is combined with a rapid T1 measurement, the P2DRM provides a double-shot method for obtaining a T1-T2 relationship, with significantly decreased experimental time in comparison to the full T1-T2 correlation measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan H Williamson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Magnus Röding
- SP Food and Bioscience, Frans Perssons väg 6, 402 29 Göteborg, Sweden; School of Energy and Resources, UCL Australia, University College London, 220 Victoria Square, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Petrik Galvosas
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Stanley J Miklavcic
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Magnus Nydén
- School of Energy and Resources, UCL Australia, University College London, 220 Victoria Square, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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26
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King JN, Lee VJ, Ahola S, Telkki VV, Meldrum T. Ultrafast Multidimensional Laplace NMR Using a Single-Sided Magnet. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jared N. King
- Department of Chemistry; The College of William & Mary; P.O. Box 8795 Williamsburg VA 23187-8795 USA
| | - Vanessa J. Lee
- Department of Chemistry; The College of William & Mary; P.O. Box 8795 Williamsburg VA 23187-8795 USA
| | - Susanna Ahola
- NMR Research Group; Faculty of Science; University of Oulu; 90014 Oulu Finland
| | - Ville-Veikko Telkki
- NMR Research Group; Faculty of Science; University of Oulu; 90014 Oulu Finland
| | - Tyler Meldrum
- Department of Chemistry; The College of William & Mary; P.O. Box 8795 Williamsburg VA 23187-8795 USA
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27
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King JN, Lee VJ, Ahola S, Telkki VV, Meldrum T. Ultrafast Multidimensional Laplace NMR Using a Single-Sided Magnet. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5040-3. [PMID: 26960011 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Laplace NMR (LNMR) consists of relaxation and diffusion measurements providing detailed information about molecular motion and interaction. Here we demonstrate that ultrafast single- and multidimensional LNMR experiments, based on spatial encoding, are viable with low-field, single-sided magnets with an inhomogeneous magnetic field. This approach shortens the experiment time by one to two orders of magnitude relative to traditional experiments, and increases the sensitivity per unit time by a factor of three. The reduction of time required to collect multidimensional data opens significant prospects for mobile chemical analysis using NMR. Particularly tantalizing is future use of hyperpolarization to increase sensitivity by orders of magnitude, allowed by single-scan approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared N King
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA, 23187-8795, USA
| | - Vanessa J Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA, 23187-8795, USA
| | - Susanna Ahola
- NMR Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ville-Veikko Telkki
- NMR Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tyler Meldrum
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA, 23187-8795, USA.
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28
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Qiu W, Wei Z, Ding N, Yang Y, Ye Q, Lin Y, Chen Z. Partial-Homogeneity-Based Two-Dimensional High-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy under Inhomogeneous Magnetic Fields. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1493-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Qiu
- Department of Electronic Science; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance; State Key Laboratory for the Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- Department of Electronic Science; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance; State Key Laboratory for the Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Nan Ding
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Electronic Science; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance; State Key Laboratory for the Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qimiao Ye
- Department of Electronic Science; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance; State Key Laboratory for the Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Electronic Science; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance; State Key Laboratory for the Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance; State Key Laboratory for the Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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29
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Monaretto T, Andrade FD, Moraes TB, Souza AA, deAzevedo ER, Colnago LA. On resonance phase alternated CWFP sequences for rapid and simultaneous measurement of relaxation times. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2015; 259:174-178. [PMID: 26363504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
T1 and T2 relaxation times have been frequently used as probes for physical-chemical properties in several time-domain NMR applications (TD-NMR) such as food, polymers and petroleum industries. T2 measurements are usually achieved using the traditional Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence because it is a fast and robust method. On the other hand, the traditional methods for determining T1, i.e., inversion and saturation recovery, are time-consuming, driving several authors to develop rapid 1D and 2D methods to obtain T1 and T2 or T1/T2 ratio. However, these methods usually require sophisticated processing and/or high signal to noise ratio (SNR). This led us to develop simple methods for rapid and simultaneous determination of T1 and T2 using Continuous Wave Free Precession (CWFP) and Carr-Purcell Continuous Wave Free Precession (CP-CWFP) pulse sequences. Nevertheless, a drawback of these sequences is that they require specific adjustment of the frequency offset or the time interval between pulses (Tp). In this paper we present an alternative form of these sequences, named CWFPx-x, CP-CWFPx-x, where a train of π/2 pulses with phases alternated by π enable performing the experiments on-resonance and independently of Tp, when Tp<T2(∗). Moreover, a CPMG type sequence with π/2 refocusing pulses shows similar results to CP-CWFP when the pulses are alternated between y and -y axis, CPMG90y-y. In these approaches, the relaxation times are determined using the magnitude of the signals after the first pulse |M0| and in the steady-state |Mss|, as well as the exponential time constant T(∗) to reach the steady-state regime, as in conventional CWFP. CP-CWFPx-x shows the highest dynamic range to measure T(∗) among CWFP sequences and, therefore, is the best technique to measure T1 and T2 since it is less susceptible to SNR and can be performed for any T1/T2 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Monaretto
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil; Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Diuk Andrade
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Tiago Bueno Moraes
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Andre Alves Souza
- Schlumberger Brazil Research and Geoengineering Center, Rua Paulo Emídio Barbosa, 485, Quadra 7B, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-907, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ribeiro deAzevedo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Colnago
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil.
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30
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Ultrafast multidimensional Laplace NMR for a rapid and sensitive chemical analysis. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8363. [PMID: 26381101 PMCID: PMC4595760 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy relies on the versatile chemical information conveyed by spectra. To complement conventional NMR, Laplace NMR explores diffusion and relaxation phenomena to reveal details on molecular motions. Under a broad concept of ultrafast multidimensional Laplace NMR, here we introduce an ultrafast diffusion-relaxation correlation experiment enhancing the resolution and information content of corresponding 1D experiments as well as reducing the experiment time by one to two orders of magnitude or more as compared with its conventional 2D counterpart. We demonstrate that the method allows one to distinguish identical molecules in different physical environments and provides chemical resolution missing in NMR spectra. Although the sensitivity of the new method is reduced due to spatial encoding, the single-scan approach enables one to use hyperpolarized substances to boost the sensitivity by several orders of magnitude, significantly enhancing the overall sensitivity of multidimensional Laplace NMR. Laplace NMR provides complementary information to traditional NMR, such as details of molecular motion. Here, the authors report a correlation experiment capable of providing information on the physical environment of molecules while enhancing the chemical resolution and greatly reducing the experiment times.
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