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Ormeci A, Gaudry E, Armbrüster M, Grin Y. Chemical Bonding in the Catalytic Platform Material Ga 1-x Sn x Pd 2. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200185. [PMID: 36514930 PMCID: PMC9748630 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The underlying reasons for the catalytic activity of Ga1-x Snx Pd2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) in the semi-hydrogenation of acetylene are analyzed considering electronic structure and chemical bonding. Analysis of the chemical bonding shows pronounced charge transfer from the p elements to palladium and an unusual appearance of the Pd core basins at the surface of the QTAIM (quantum theory of atoms in molecules) atoms. The charge transfer supports the formation of the negatively charged palladium catalytic centers. Gallium-only-coordinated palladium atoms reveal a smaller effective charge in comparison with palladium species having tin in their coordination sphere. Within the empirical tight-binding approach, different influence of the E-Pd distances on the calculation matrix for the energy eigenvalues and the electronic density of states (DOS) leads to an S-like shape of the plot of the energy position of the 4d band center of gravity versus substitution level x. The latter correlates strongly with the catalytic activity and with the varying charge transfer to palladium. The optimal value of negative palladium charge and the closest position of Pd d-states gravity center towards the Fermi level correlates well with the catalytically most active composition x. Combination of all features of the chemical bonding and electronic structure allows more insight into the intrinsic reasons for the catalytic activity variation in the platform material Ga1-x Snx Pd2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alim Ormeci
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Str. 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Emilie Gaudry
- Institut Jean LamourUniversité de Lorraine2 al. André Guinier54011NancyFrance
| | - Marc Armbrüster
- Faculty of Natural SciencesInstitute of ChemistryMaterials for Innovative Energy ConceptsChemnitz University of Technology09107ChemnitzGermany
| | - Yuri Grin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Str. 4001187DresdenGermany
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Bruno JE, Dwarica NS, Whittaker TN, Hand ER, Guzman CS, Dasgupta A, Chen Z, Rioux RM, Chandler BD. Supported Ni–Au Colloid Precursors for Active, Selective, and Stable Alkyne Partial Hydrogenation Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James E. Bruno
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78240, United States
| | - Nicolas S. Dwarica
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78240, United States
| | - Todd N. Whittaker
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78240, United States
| | - Emily R. Hand
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78240, United States
| | - Clemente S. Guzman
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78240, United States
| | - Anish Dasgupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Robert M. Rioux
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Bert D. Chandler
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78240, United States
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie and Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Voronin VV, Ledovskaya MS, Bogachenkov AS, Rodygin KS, Ananikov VP. Acetylene in Organic Synthesis: Recent Progress and New Uses. Molecules 2018; 23:E2442. [PMID: 30250005 PMCID: PMC6222752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in the leading synthetic applications of acetylene is discussed from the prospect of rapid development and novel opportunities. A diversity of reactions involving the acetylene molecule to carry out vinylation processes, cross-coupling reactions, synthesis of substituted alkynes, preparation of heterocycles and the construction of a number of functionalized molecules with different levels of molecular complexity were recently studied. Of particular importance is the utilization of acetylene in the synthesis of pharmaceutical substances and drugs. The increasing interest in acetylene and its involvement in organic transformations highlights a fascinating renaissance of this simplest alkyne molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Voronin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky prospect 26, Peterhof 198504, Russia.
| | - Maria S Ledovskaya
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky prospect 26, Peterhof 198504, Russia.
| | - Alexander S Bogachenkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky prospect 26, Peterhof 198504, Russia.
| | - Konstantin S Rodygin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky prospect 26, Peterhof 198504, Russia.
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky prospect 26, Peterhof 198504, Russia.
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Meyer RJ, Zhang Q, Kryczka A, Gomez C, Todorovic R. Perturbation of Reactivity with Geometry: How Far Can We Go? ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Randall J. Meyer
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Anna Kryczka
- Illinois Math and Science Academy, Aurora, Illinois 60506, United States
| | - Carolina Gomez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Ruzica Todorovic
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois 60607, United States
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