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Chen L, Zhang S, Duan Y, Song X, Chang M, Feng W, Chen Y. Silicon-containing nanomedicine and biomaterials: materials chemistry, multi-dimensional design, and biomedical application. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1167-1315. [PMID: 38168612 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01022k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The invention of silica-based bioactive glass in the late 1960s has sparked significant interest in exploring a wide range of silicon-containing biomaterials from the macroscale to the nanoscale. Over the past few decades, these biomaterials have been extensively explored for their potential in diverse biomedical applications, considering their remarkable bioactivity, excellent biocompatibility, facile surface functionalization, controllable synthesis, etc. However, to expedite the clinical translation and the unexpected utilization of silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials, it is highly desirable to achieve a thorough comprehension of their characteristics and biological effects from an overall perspective. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion on the state-of-the-art progress of silicon-composed biomaterials, including their classification, characteristics, fabrication methods, and versatile biomedical applications. Additionally, we highlight the multi-dimensional design of both pure and hybrid silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials and their intrinsic biological effects and interactions with biological systems. Their extensive biomedical applications span from drug delivery and bioimaging to therapeutic interventions and regenerative medicine, showcasing the significance of their rational design and fabrication to meet specific requirements and optimize their theranostic performance. Additionally, we offer insights into the future prospects and potential challenges regarding silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials. By shedding light on these exciting research advances, we aspire to foster further progress in the biomedical field and drive the development of innovative silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials with transformative applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiu Duan
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P. R. China.
| | - Xinran Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Meiqi Chang
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
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2
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Slynchuk V, Schedel C, Scheele M, Schnepf A. Stabilization of Colloidal Germanium Nanoparticles: From the Study to the Prospects of the Application in Thin-Film Technology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15948. [PMID: 37958931 PMCID: PMC10649905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the stabilization of halide-terminated Ge nanoparticles prepared via a disproportionation reaction of metastable Ge(I)X solutions with well-defined size distribution. Further tailoring of the stability of the Ge nanoparticles was achieved using variations in the substituent. Ge nanoparticles obtained in this way are readily dispersed in organic solvents, long-term colloidally stable, and are perfect prerequisites for thin-film preparation. This gives these nanomaterials a future in surface-dependent optical applications, as shown for the halide-terminated nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia Slynchuk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Christine Schedel
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Marcus Scheele
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Andreas Schnepf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
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3
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Sharova EA, Falchevskaya AS, Leonchuk SS, Redkov AV, Nikolaev V, Vinogradov VV. Liquid metal-mediated fabrication of metalloid nanoarchitectures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10928-10931. [PMID: 37605935 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02882h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
By overcoming all conventional limitations associated with the synthesis of metalloid micro- and nanoparticles in aqueous media, we present a new one-step approach to the synthesis of highly crystalline metalloid hollow architectures. The liquid metal-mediated synthesis of Ge- and Sb-based hollow structures with satisfactory reaction kinetics at room temperature and normal pressure is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Sharova
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
| | - Aleksandra S Falchevskaya
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
| | - Sergei S Leonchuk
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexey V Redkov
- Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering RAS, Saint-Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaly Nikolaev
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
| | - Vladimir V Vinogradov
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
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4
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Padawer-Curry JA, Bowen RM, Jarang A, Wang X, Lee JM, Bauer AQ. Wide-Field Optical Imaging in Mouse Models of Ischemic Stroke. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2616:113-151. [PMID: 36715932 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2926-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging is a powerful tool for evaluating how local and global brain circuits evolve after focal ischemia and how these changes relate to functional recovery. For example, acutely after stroke, changes in functional brain organization relate to initial deficit and are predictive of recovery potential. During recovery, the reemergence and restoration of connections lost due to stroke correlate with recovery of function. Thus, information gleaned from functional neuroimaging can be used as a proxy for behavior and inform on the efficacy of interventional strategies designed to affect plasticity mechanisms after injury. And because these findings are consistently observed across species, bridge measurements can be made in animal models to enrich findings in human stroke populations. In mice, genetic engineering techniques have provided several new opportunities for extending optical neuroimaging methods to more direct measures of neuronal activity. These developments are especially useful in the context of stroke where neurovascular coupling can be altered, potentially limiting imaging measures based on hemodynamic activity alone. This chapter is designed to give an overview of functional wide-field optical imaging (WFOI) for applications in rodent models of stroke, primarily in the mouse. The goal is to provide a protocol for laboratories that want to incorporate an affordable functional neuroimaging assay into their current research thrusts, but perhaps lack the background knowledge or equipment for developing a new arm of research in their lab. Within, we offer a comprehensive guide developing and applying WFOI technology with the hope of facilitating accessibility of neuroimaging technology to other researchers in the stroke field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah A Padawer-Curry
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Imaging Science PhD Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan M Bowen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anmol Jarang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jin-Moo Lee
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Adam Q Bauer
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Imaging Science PhD Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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5
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Recent Advances in Nanomaterials of Group XIV Elements of Periodic Table in Breast Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122640. [PMID: 36559135 PMCID: PMC9781757 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. The elements of group XIV in the periodic table exhibit a wide range of chemical manners. Recently, there have been remarkable developments in the field of nanobiomedical research, especially in the application of engineered nanomaterials in biomedical applications. In this review, we concentrate on the recent investigations on the antiproliferative effects of nanomaterials of the elements of group XIV in the periodic table on breast cancer cells. In this review, the data available on nanomaterials of group XIV for breast cancer treatment has been documented, providing a useful insight into tumor biology and nano-bio interactions to develop more effective nanotherapeutics for cancer patients.
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Ju Z, Qi X, Sfadia R, Wang M, Tseng E, Panchul EC, Carter SA, Kauzlarich SM. Single-Crystalline Germanium Nanocrystals via a Two-Step Microwave-Assisted Colloidal Synthesis from GeI 4. ACS MATERIALS AU 2022; 2:330-342. [PMID: 36855386 PMCID: PMC9888621 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.1c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal germanium (Ge) nanocrystals (NCs) are of great interest with possible applications for photovoltaics and near-IR detectors. In many examples of colloidal reactions, Ge(II) precursors are employed, and NCs of diameter ∼3-10 nm have been prepared. Herein, we employed a two-step microwave-assisted reduction of GeI4 in oleylamine (OAm) to prepare monodispersed Ge NCs with a size of 18.9 ± 1.84 nm. More importantly, the as-synthesized Ge NCs showed high crystallinity with single-crystal nature as indicated by powder X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The Tauc plot derived from photothermal deflection spectroscopy measurement on Ge NCs thin films shows a decreased bandgap of the Ge NCs obtained from GeI4 compared with that of the Ge NCs from GeI2 with a similar particle size, indicating a higher crystallinity of the samples prepared with the two-step reaction from GeI4. The calculated Urbach energy indicates less disorder in the larger NCs. This disorder might correlate with the fraction of surface states associated with decreased particle size or with the increased molar ratio of ligands to germanium. Solutions involved in this two-step reaction were investigated with 1H NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS). One possible reaction pathway is proposed to unveil the details of the reaction involving GeI4 and OAm. Overall, this two-step synthesis produces high-quality Ge NCs and provides new insight on nanoparticle synthesis of covalently bonding semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ju
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Xiao Qi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Roy Sfadia
- Department
of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Minyuan Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Emily Tseng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Elizabeth C. Panchul
- Department
of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Sue A. Carter
- Department
of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Susan M. Kauzlarich
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States,
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7
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Synthesis of germanium sols via thermal decomposition of gaseous germane. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Ge M, Zong M, Xu D, Chen Z, Yang J, Yao H, Wei C, Chen Y, Lin H, Shi J. Freestanding germanene nanosheets for rapid degradation and photothermal conversion. MATERIALS TODAY NANO 2021; 15:100119. [DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.mtnano.2021.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
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9
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Algar WR, Massey M, Rees K, Higgins R, Krause KD, Darwish GH, Peveler WJ, Xiao Z, Tsai HY, Gupta R, Lix K, Tran MV, Kim H. Photoluminescent Nanoparticles for Chemical and Biological Analysis and Imaging. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9243-9358. [PMID: 34282906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research related to the development and application of luminescent nanoparticles (LNPs) for chemical and biological analysis and imaging is flourishing. Novel materials and new applications continue to be reported after two decades of research. This review provides a comprehensive and heuristic overview of this field. It is targeted to both newcomers and experts who are interested in a critical assessment of LNP materials, their properties, strengths and weaknesses, and prospective applications. Numerous LNP materials are cataloged by fundamental descriptions of their chemical identities and physical morphology, quantitative photoluminescence (PL) properties, PL mechanisms, and surface chemistry. These materials include various semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene derivatives, carbon dots, nanodiamonds, luminescent metal nanoclusters, lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles and downshifting nanoparticles, triplet-triplet annihilation nanoparticles, persistent-luminescence nanoparticles, conjugated polymer nanoparticles and semiconducting polymer dots, multi-nanoparticle assemblies, and doped and labeled nanoparticles, including but not limited to those based on polymers and silica. As an exercise in the critical assessment of LNP properties, these materials are ranked by several application-related functional criteria. Additional sections highlight recent examples of advances in chemical and biological analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, and cellular, tissue, and in vivo imaging and theranostics. These examples are drawn from the recent literature and organized by both LNP material and the particular properties that are leveraged to an advantage. Finally, a perspective on what comes next for the field is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Melissa Massey
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rehan Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Katherine D Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - William J Peveler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Zhujun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyungki Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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10
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Exciton-Photon Interactions in Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Radiative Transitions, Non-Radiative Processes and Environment Effects. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11020497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss several fundamental processes taking place in semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots (QDs)) when their electron subsystem interacts with electromagnetic (EM) radiation. The physical phenomena of light emission and EM energy transfer from a QD exciton to other electronic systems such as neighbouring nanocrystals and polarisable 3D (semi-infinite dielectric or metal) and 2D (graphene) materials are considered. In particular, emission decay and FRET rates near a plane interface between two dielectrics or a dielectric and a metal are discussed and their dependence upon relevant parameters is demonstrated. The cases of direct (II–VI) and indirect (silicon) band gap semiconductors are compared. We cover the relevant non-radiative mechanisms such as the Auger process, electron capture on dangling bonds and interaction with phonons. Some further effects, such as multiple exciton generation, are also discussed. The emphasis is on explaining the underlying physics and illustrating it with calculated and experimental results in a comprehensive, tutorial manner.
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11
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Xu Y, Li P, Cheng D, Wu C, Lu Q, Yang W, Zhu X, Yin P, Liu M, Li H, Zhang Y. Group IV nanodots: synthesis, surface engineering and application in bioimaging and biotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10290-10308. [PMID: 33103712 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01881c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Group IV nanodots (NDs) mainly including carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge) have aroused much attention as one type of important nanomaterials that are widely studied in optoelectronics, semiconductors, sensors and biomedicine-related fields owing to the low cost of synthesis, good stability, excellent biocompatibility, and some attractive newly emerged properties. In this review, the synthesis, surface engineering and application in bioimaging and biotherapy of group IV NDs are summarized and discussed. The recent progress in the rational synthesis and functionalization, specific therapy-related properties, together with in vivo and in vitro bioimaging are highlighted. Their new applications in biotherapy such as photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are illustrated with respect to C, Si and Ge NDs. The current challenges and future applications of these emerging materials in bioimaging and biotherapy are presented. This review provides readers with a distinct perspective of the group IV NDs nanomaterials for synthesis and surface engineering, and newly emerging properties related to applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Peipei Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Dan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Qiujun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Weipeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Peng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Meiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Haitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
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12
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Pescara B, Mazzio KA. Morphological and Surface-State Challenges in Ge Nanoparticle Applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11685-11701. [PMID: 32866013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic properties of Ge in tandem with advances in its nanostructuring have resulted in its increased attention in a variety of fields as an alternative to traditional group 12-14 and 14-16 nanoparticles (NPs). The small band gap and size-dependent development of the optical properties in tandem with their good charge transport properties make Ge NPs a suitable material for optoelectronic devices. The low toxicity of Ge, together with its IR photoluminescence (PL) that overlaps with desirable biological optical windows used for tissue imaging, allows the exploitation of these materials in the field of bioimaging and as drug carriers. In addition, the ability of germanium to both exhibit high mechanical stability in its NP form and alloy with lithium and sodium metals has led to it being a highly attractive material for next-generation lithium ion and beyond-lithium batteries. While it is attracting considerable attention in a variety of areas, research on Ge NPs is still relatively nascent. Fundamental aspects of this material, such as its Bohr radius and the origin of different observed PLs, are still under debate. Moreover, the ability to produce Ge NPs with controlled dimensions and morphology is not yet as mature as for other classes of nanomaterials. In this review, the mechanisms and origins of these properties will be introduced, which we then relate to specific applications presented in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Pescara
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katherine A Mazzio
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Wilbrink J, Huang CC, Dohnalova K, Paulusse JMJ. Critical assessment of wet-chemical oxidation synthesis of silicon quantum dots. Faraday Discuss 2020; 222:149-165. [PMID: 32104860 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00099b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The wet-chemical Si QD synthesis by oxidation of magnesium silicide (Mg2Si) with bromine (Br2) was revisited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L. Wilbrink
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
| | - Chia-Ching Huang
- Institute of Physics
- University of Amsterdam
- 1098 XH Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Katerina Dohnalova
- Institute of Physics
- University of Amsterdam
- 1098 XH Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
- SpectriS-dot b.v
| | - Jos M. J. Paulusse
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
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14
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Ossicini S, Marri I, Amato M, Palummo M, Canadell E, Rurali R. Ab initio studies of the optoelectronic structure of undoped and doped silicon nanocrystals and nanowires: the role of size, passivation, symmetry and phase. Faraday Discuss 2020; 222:217-239. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00085b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Results from ab initio calculations for singly- and co- doped Si nanocrystals and nanowires are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ossicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Metodi Dell’Ingegneria
- Centro Interdipartimentale En&Tech
- Universitá di Modena e Reggio Emilia
- I-42125 Reggio Emilia
- Italy
| | - Ivan Marri
- Centro S3
- CNR-Istituto di Nanoscienze
- I-41125 Modena
- Italy
| | - Michele Amato
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS)
- CNRS
- Université Paris Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- Centre Scientifique D’Orsay
| | - Maurizia Palummo
- Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN
- Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata
- 00133 Roma
- Italy
| | - Enric Canadell
- Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus de Bellaterra
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Riccardo Rurali
- Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus de Bellaterra
- Barcelona
- Spain
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15
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Greenhagen JR, Andaraarachchi HP, Li Z, Kortshagen UR. Synthesis of PEG-grafted boron doped Si nanocrystals. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:211103. [PMID: 31822090 PMCID: PMC7043846 DOI: 10.1063/1.5128608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon nanocrystals are intriguing materials for biomedical imaging applications because of their unique optical properties and biological compatibility. We report a new surface functionalization route to synthesize biological buffer soluble and colloidally stable silicon nanocrystals, which is enabled by surface boron doping. Harnessing the distinctive Lewis acidic boron surface sites, postsynthetic modifications of plasma synthesized boron doped nanocrystals were carried out with polyethylene glycol (PEG-OH) ligands in dimethyl sulfoxide under photochemical conditions. The influence of PEG concentration, PEG molecular weight, and boron doping percentage on the nanocrystal solubility in a biological buffer has been investigated. The boron doping facilitates the surface functionalization via two probable pathways, by providing excellent initial dispersiblity in polar solvents and providing available acidic boron surface sites for bonding. These boron doped silicon nanocrystals have nearly identical absorption features as intrinsic silicon nanocrystals, indicating that they are promising candidates for biological imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse R. Greenhagen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | | | - Zhaohan Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Uwe R. Kortshagen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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16
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Beekman M, Kauzlarich SM, Doherty L, Nolas GS. Zintl Phases as Reactive Precursors for Synthesis of Novel Silicon and Germanium-Based Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E1139. [PMID: 30965603 PMCID: PMC6479709 DOI: 10.3390/ma12071139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent experimental and theoretical work has demonstrated significant potential to tune the properties of silicon and germanium by adjusting the mesostructure, nanostructure, and/or crystalline structure of these group 14 elements. Despite the promise to achieve enhanced functionality with these already technologically important elements, a significant challenge lies in the identification of effective synthetic approaches that can access metastable silicon and germanium-based extended solids with a particular crystal structure or specific nano/meso-structured features. In this context, the class of intermetallic compounds known as Zintl phases has provided a platform for discovery of novel silicon and germanium-based materials. This review highlights some of the ways in which silicon and germanium-based Zintl phases have been utilized as precursors in innovative approaches to synthesize new crystalline modifications, nanoparticles, nanosheets, and mesostructured and nanoporous extended solids with properties that can be very different from the ground states of the elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Beekman
- Department of Physics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
| | - Susan M Kauzlarich
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Luke Doherty
- Department of Physics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
- Department of Materials Engineering, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
| | - George S Nolas
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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17
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Skorupska S, Grabowska-Jadach I. Cytotoxicity studies of quantum dots with the electroporation method. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 126:86-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Hao H, Shen W. Structural evolution and effective improvement of emission quantum yields for silicon nanocrystals synthesized by femtosecond laser ablation in HF-contained solution. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:015705. [PMID: 30362465 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aae67c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stable luminescent colloidal silicon (Si) nanocrystals (NCs) with sufficient surface protection are prepared through femtosecond laser ablation in organic solvent containing diverse concentrations of HF solution. The average size of Si NCs shows the decreasing tendency from 6.5 to 2.7 nm when the concentration of HF varies from 0 to 11.1 vol% (volume ratio). In line with the structural evolution, UV-visible absorption, photoluminescence (PL) excitation spectra, and time-resolved PL, we propose that room temperature blue emission peaks at 412 and 440 nm originate from alkyl-related radiative recombination centers. The enhanced PL quantum yield of colloidal Si NCs from 16.3% to 76.5% has been attributed to the effective passivation and suppression of non-radiative defect centers with increasing HF concentration from 0 to 11.1 vol%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Wang
- College of Material Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Long Teng Road, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
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19
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Keshavarz M, Tan B, Venkatakrishnan K. Multiplex Photoluminescent Silicon Nanoprobe for Diagnostic Bioimaging and Intracellular Analysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700548. [PMID: 29593957 PMCID: PMC5867044 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a label-free multiplex photoluminescent silicon nanoprobe (PLSN-probe) is introduced as a potential substitute for quantum dots (QDs) in bioimaging. An inherently non-photoluminescent silicon substrate is altered to create the PLSN-probe, to overcome the major drawbacks of presently available QDs. Additionally, crystallinity alterations of the multiplane crystalline PLSN-probes lead to broad absorption and multiplex fluorescence emissions, which are attributed to the simultaneous existence of multiple crystal planes. The PLSN-probe not only demonstrates unique optical properties that can be exploited for bioimaging but also exhibits cell-selective uptake that allows the differentiation and diagnosis of HeLa and fibroblast cells. Moreover, multiplex emissions of the PLSN-probe illuminate different organelles such as the nucleus, nucleolemma, and cytoskeleton, depending on size-based preferential uptake by the cell organs. This in vitro study reveals that cancerous HeLa cells have a higher propensity for taking up the PLSN-probe compared to fibroblast cells, allowing the diagnosis of cancerous HeLa cells. Additionally, the fluorescence intensity per unit area of the cell is found to be a reliable means for distinguishing between dead and healthy cells. It is anticipated that the multifunctionality of the PLSN-probes will lead to better insight into the use of such probes for bioimaging and diagnosis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Keshavarz
- Nanocharacterization LaboratoryDepartment of Aerospace EngineeringRyerson University350 Victoria StreetTorontoONM5B 2K3Canada
- Institute for Biomedical EngineeringScience and Technology (iBEST)Partnership between Ryerson University and St. Michael's HospitalTorontoONM5B 1W8Canada
- Ultrashort Laser Nanomanufacturing Research FacilityDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringRyerson University350 Victoria StreetTorontoONM5B 2K3Canada
- NanoBioInterface FacilityDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringRyerson University350 Victoria StreetTorontoONM5B 2K3Canada
| | - Bo Tan
- Nanocharacterization LaboratoryDepartment of Aerospace EngineeringRyerson University350 Victoria StreetTorontoONM5B 2K3Canada
| | - Krishnan Venkatakrishnan
- Ultrashort Laser Nanomanufacturing Research FacilityDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringRyerson University350 Victoria StreetTorontoONM5B 2K3Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical ScienceSt. Michael's HospitalTorontoONM5B 1W8Canada
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20
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Kajiya D, Saitow KI. Si nanocrystal solution with stability for one year. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41299-41307. [PMID: 35559330 PMCID: PMC9091691 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08816k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) are a promising material for next-generation nanostructured devices. High-stability SiNC solutions are required for practical use as well as studies on the properties of SiNC. Here, we show a solution of SiNCs that was stable for one year without aggregation. The stable solution was synthesized by a facile process, i.e., pulsed laser ablation of a Si wafer in isopropyl alcohol (IPA). The long-term stability was due to a large ζ-potential of −50 mV from a SiNC passivation layer composed of oxygen, hydrogen, and alkane groups, according to the results of eight experiments and theoretical calculations. This passivation layer also resulted in good performance as an additive for a conductive polymer film. Namely, a 5-fold enhancement in carrier density was established by the addition of SiNCs into an organic conductive polymer, poly(3-dodecylthiophene), which is useful for solar cells. Furthermore, it was found that fresh (<1 day) and aged (4 months) SiNCs give the same enhancement. The long-term stability was attributed to a great repulsive energy in IPA, whose value was quantified as a function the distance between SiNCs. A stable nanocrystal for one year without aggregation in a liquid is synthesized by one-step, one-pot, and one-hour process.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kajiya
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development (N-BARD)
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-hiroshima
- Japan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Ken-ichi Saitow
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development (N-BARD)
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-hiroshima
- Japan
- Department of Chemistry
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21
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McVey BFP, O'Mara PB, McGrath AJ, Faramus A, Yasarapudi VB, Gonçales VR, Tan VTG, Schmidt TW, Gooding JJ, Tilley RD. Role of Surface Capping Molecule Polarity on the Optical Properties of Solution Synthesized Germanium Nanocrystals. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:8790-8798. [PMID: 28551999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The role surface capping molecules play in dictating the optical properties of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) is becoming increasingly evident. In this paper the role of surface capping molecule polarity on the optical properties of germanium NCs (Ge NCs) is explored. Capping molecules are split into two groups: nonpolar and polar. The NCs are fully characterized structurally and optically to establish the link between observed optical properties and surface capping molecules. Ge NC optical properties altered by surface capping molecule polarity include emission maximum, emission lifetime, quantum yield, and Stokes shift. For Ge NCs, this work also allows rational tuning of their optical properties through changes to surface capping molecule polarity, leading to improvements in emerging Ge based bioimaging and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - A Faramus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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22
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Ravotto L, Chen Q, Ma Y, Vinogradov SA, Locritani M, Bergamini G, Negri F, Yu Y, Korgel BA, Ceroni P. Bright long-lived luminescence of silicon nanocrystals sensitized by two-photon absorbing antenna. Chem 2017; 2:550-560. [PMID: 28966989 PMCID: PMC5619661 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanocrystals of the average diameter of 5 nm, functionalized with 4,7-di(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole chromophores (TBT) and dodecyl chains, exhibit near-infrared emission upon one-photon (1P) excitation at 515 nm and two-photon (2P) excitation at 960 nm. By using TBT chromophores as an antenna we were able to enhance both 1P and 2P absorption cross-sections of the silicon nanocrystals to more efficiently excite their long-lived luminescence. These results chart a path to two-photon-excitable imaging probes with long-lived oxygen-independent luminescence - a rare combination of properties that should allow for a substantial increase in imaging contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ravotto
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Qi Chen
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China)
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China)
| | - Sergei A Vinogradov
- Departments of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mirko Locritani
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bergamini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Negri
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Yixuan Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Brian A Korgel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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23
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Ortega S, Ibáñez M, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Kovalenko MV, Cadavid D, Cabot A. Bottom-up engineering of thermoelectric nanomaterials and devices from solution-processed nanoparticle building blocks. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:3510-3528. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00567e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based bottom-up engineered nanomaterials are extremely appealing for the direct solid-state conversion between heat and electricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ortega
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research – IREC
- 08930 Sant Adrià de Besòs
- Spain
| | - Maria Ibáñez
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
| | - Yu Liu
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research – IREC
- 08930 Sant Adrià de Besòs
- Spain
| | - Yu Zhang
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research – IREC
- 08930 Sant Adrià de Besòs
- Spain
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
| | - Doris Cadavid
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research – IREC
- 08930 Sant Adrià de Besòs
- Spain
| | - Andreu Cabot
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research – IREC
- 08930 Sant Adrià de Besòs
- Spain
- ICREA
- 08010 Barcelona
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