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Han X, Yang Q, Lu Y, Xu M, Tao Q, Jiang S, He X, Bai Y, Zhang T, Bai L, Hu J, Zhu Y, Liu H, Li L. Genome-wide association study reveals the candidate genes of humerus quality in laying duck. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103851. [PMID: 38806002 PMCID: PMC11154710 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone plays a crucial role in poultry's health and production. However, during the selection and cage farming, there has been a decline in bone quality. As the development of breeding theory, researchers find that it's possible to enhance bone quality through selective breeding.This study measure 8 humerus quality in 260 samples of the 350-day-old female duck. By descripting the basic characteristic traits, mechanical property traits we found that all the bone quality traits had a large variable coefficient, especially mechanical properties trait (20-70%), indicating that there was a large difference in bone health status among laying ducks. The phenotypic correlations showed a high correlation between weight and density, diameter and perimeter, breaking and toughness (r = 0.52-0.68). And then, we performed the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) to reveal the candidate genes of humerus quality in ducks. Seven candidate protein-coding genes were identified with perimeter trait, and 52 protein-coding genes were associated with toughness trait. We also analysed the candidate region and performed KEGG and GO analyse for 75 candidate genes. Furthermore, the expression analyse of the above candidate genes in different stage of humerus and different tissues were performed. Finally, AP2A2, SMAD3, SMNDC1, NFIA, EPHB2, PMEPA1, UNC5C, ESR1, VAV3, NFATC2 deserve further focus. The obtained results can contribute to new insight into bone quality and provide new genetic biomarkers for application in duck breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qinglan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yinjuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Mengru Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shuaixue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xinxin He
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lili Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuanchun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - HeHe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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Janssen JN, Kalev-Altman R, Shalit T, Sela-Donenfeld D, Monsonego-Ornan E. Differential gene expression in the calvarial and cortical bone of juvenile female mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1127536. [PMID: 37378024 PMCID: PMC10291685 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1127536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Both the calvarial and the cortical bones develop through intramembranous ossification, yet they have very different structures and functions. The calvaria enables the rapid while protected growth of the brain, whereas the cortical bone takes part in locomotion. Both types of bones undergo extensive modeling during embryonic and post-natal growth, while bone remodeling is the most dominant process in adults. Their shared formation mechanism and their highly distinct functions raise the fundamental question of how similar or diverse the molecular pathways that act in each bone type are. Methods To answer this question, we aimed to compare the transcriptomes of calvaria and cortices from 21-day old mice by bulk RNA-Seq analysis. Results The results revealed clear differences in expression levels of genes related to bone pathologies, craniosynostosis, mechanical loading and bone-relevant signaling pathways like WNT and IHH, emphasizing the functional differences between these bones. We further discussed the less expected candidate genes and gene sets in the context of bone. Finally, we compared differences between juvenile and mature bone, highlighting commonalities and dissimilarities of gene expression between calvaria and cortices during post-natal bone growth and adult bone remodeling. Discussion Altogether, this study revealed significant differences between the transcriptome of calvaria and cortical bones in juvenile female mice, highlighting the most important pathway mediators for the development and function of two different bone types that originate both through intramembranous ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Nicolas Janssen
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rotem Kalev-Altman
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tali Shalit
- The Ilana and Pascal Mantoux Institute for Bioinformatics, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dalit Sela-Donenfeld
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Efrat Monsonego-Ornan
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Lesciotto KM, Tomlinson L, Leonard S, Richtsmeier JT. Embryonic and Early Postnatal Cranial Bone Volume and Tissue Mineral Density Values for C57BL/6J Laboratory Mice. Dev Dyn 2022; 251:1196-1208. [PMID: 35092111 PMCID: PMC9250594 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laboratory mice are routinely used in craniofacial research based on the relatively close genetic relationship and conservation of developmental pathways between humans and mice. Since genetic perturbations and disease states may have localized effects, data from individual cranial bones are valuable for the interpretation of experimental assays. We employ high‐resolution microcomputed tomography to characterize cranial bones of C57BL/6J mice at embryonic day (E) 15.5 and E17.5, day of birth (P0), and postnatal day 7 (P7) and provide estimates of individual bone volume and tissue mineral density (TMD). Results Average volume and TMD values are reported for individual bones. Significant differences in volume and TMD during embryonic ages likely reflect early mineralization of cranial neural crest‐derived and intramembranously forming bones. Although bones of the face and vault had higher TMD values during embryonic ages, bones of the braincase floor had significantly higher TMD values by P7. Conclusions These ontogenetic data on cranial bone volume and TMD serve as a reference standard for future studies using mice bred on a C57BL/6J genetic background. Our findings also highlight the importance of differentiating “control” data from mice that are presented as “unaffected” littermates, particularly when carrying a single copy of a cre‐recombinase gene. Higher average volume and density of cranial neural crest‐derived and intramembranously‐forming bones during embryonic development. Higher average density in bones of the braincase floor during early postnatal development. Ontogenetic data on cranial bone volume and TMD serve as a reference standard for mice bred on a C57BL/6J genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Lesciotto
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX, USA
| | | | - Steven Leonard
- College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joan T Richtsmeier
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Kamath RAD, Benson MD. EphB3 as a Potential Mediator of Developmental and Reparative Osteogenesis. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 212:125-137. [PMID: 34695818 PMCID: PMC9397499 DOI: 10.1159/000520369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ephrin-B family of membrane-bound ligands is involved in skeletal patterning, osteogenesis, and bone homeostasis. Yet, despite the increasing collection of data affirming their importance in bone, the Eph tyrosine kinases that serve as the receptors for these ephrins in osteoblast stem cell niches remain unidentified. Here we report the expression of EphB3 at sites of bone growth in the embryo, especially at the calvaria suture fronts, periosteum, chondrocytes, and trabeculae of developing long bones. Strong EphB3 expression persisted in the adult calvarial sutures and in the proliferative chondrocytes of long bones, both of which are documented niches for osteoblastic stem cells. We observed EphB3-positive cells in the tissue filling a created calvarial injury, further implying EphB3 involvement in bone healing. Genetic knockout of EphB3 caused an increase in the bone tissue volume as a fraction of total volume in 6-week-old calvaria and in femoral trabecular density, compared to wild type controls. This difference resolved by 12 weeks of age, when we instead observed an increase in the bone volume of femoral trabeculae and in trabecular thickness. Our data identify EphB3 as a candidate regulator of osteogenesis either alone or in combination with other bone-expressed Ephs, and indicate that it appears to function as a limiter of bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajay A. D. Kamath
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas TX 75246, USA
| | - M. Douglas Benson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas TX 75246, USA
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Arthur A, Gronthos S. Eph-Ephrin Signaling Mediates Cross-Talk Within the Bone Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:598612. [PMID: 33634116 PMCID: PMC7902060 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.598612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal integrity is maintained through the tightly regulated bone remodeling process that occurs continuously throughout postnatal life to replace old bone and to repair skeletal damage. This is maintained primarily through complex interactions between bone resorbing osteoclasts and bone forming osteoblasts. Other elements within the bone microenvironment, including stromal, osteogenic, hematopoietic, endothelial and neural cells, also contribute to maintaining skeletal integrity. Disruption of the dynamic interactions between these diverse cellular systems can lead to poor bone health and an increased susceptibility to skeletal diseases including osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteomalacia, and major fractures. Recent reports have implicated a direct role for the Eph tyrosine kinase receptors and their ephrin ligands during bone development, homeostasis and skeletal repair. These membrane-bound molecules mediate contact-dependent signaling through both the Eph receptors, termed forward signaling, and through the ephrin ligands, referred to as reverse signaling. This review will focus on Eph/ ephrin cross-talk as mediators of hematopoietic and stromal cell communication, and how these interactions contribute to blood/ bone marrow function and skeletal integrity during normal steady state or pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Arthur
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Wang Y, Ling L, Tian F, Won Kim SH, Ho S, Bikle DD. Ablation of Ephrin B2 in Col2 Expressing Cells Delays Fracture Repair. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5912608. [PMID: 32987403 PMCID: PMC7609132 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ephrin B2 is critical for endochondral bone development. In this study, we investigated its role in fracture repair by deleting ephrin B2 in type II collagen (Col.2) expressing cells. We used a nonstable tibia fracture model to evaluate fracture repair at 3 sites: intramembranous bone formation, endochondral bone formation, and intramedullary bone formation. We observed that during fracture repair, deletion of ephrin B2 impaired periosteal stem cell activation, inhibited their proliferation, decreased their survival, and blocked their differentiation into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. In addition, deletion of ephrin B2 decreased vascular endothelial growth factor production as well as vascular invasion into the fracture site. These changes led to reduced cartilage to bone conversion in the callus with decreased new bone formation, resulting in impaired fracture repair. Our data indicate that ephrin B2 in Col2-expressing cells is a critical regulator of fracture repair, pointing to a new and potentially targetable mechanism to enhance fracture repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Wang
- Endocrine Unit, University of California, San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
- Correspondence: Yongmei Wang, MD, PhD, Endocrine Unit (111N), VAMC, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158. E-mail:
| | - Lin Ling
- Endocrine Unit, University of California, San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Faming Tian
- Endocrine Unit, University of California, San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sun Hee Won Kim
- Endocrine Unit, University of California, San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sunita Ho
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Micro-CT and Imaging Facility, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel D Bikle
- Endocrine Unit, University of California, San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
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Wang W, Yuan C, Geng T, Liu Y, Zhu S, Zhang C, Liu Z, Wang P. EphrinB2 overexpression enhances osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells partially through ephrinB2-mediated reverse signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:40. [PMID: 31996240 PMCID: PMC6990579 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alveolar bone loss is a frequent occurrence. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) which have invasive accessibility and high osteogenic potential is a promising source for cell-based bone regeneration. EphrinB2 is involved in bone homeostasis and osteogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of ephrinB2 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs and bone defect repair. Methods EphrinB2 expression was analyzed during osteogenic induction of human DPSCs (hDPSCs). Endogenous ephrinB2 expression in hDPSCs was then upregulated using EfnB2 lentiviral vectors. The effect of ephrinB2 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation capacity of hDPSCs was investigated in vitro, and activation of ephrinB2-EphB4 bidirectional signaling in ephrinB2-overexpressing hDPSCs was detected. In vivo, a canine alveolar bone defect model was established and canine DPSCs (cDPSCs) were cultured, characterized, EfnB2-tranfected, and combined with a PuraMatrix scaffold. Micro-CT analysis was performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of ephrinB2-overexpressing cDPSCs on bone defect repair. Results EphrinB2 was upregulated after osteogenic induction of hDPSCs. EphrinB2 overexpression enhanced osteogenic differentiation capacity of hDPSCs in vitro. Moreover, p-ephrinB2 instead of p-EphB4 was upregulated by ephrinB2 overexpression, and activation of ephrinB2-mediated reverse signaling promoted osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. In a canine bone defect model, ephrinB2 overexpression in cDPSCs significantly improved trabecular bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) and trabecular thickness, as demonstrated by radiographic analysis. Conclusions EphrinB2 overexpression enhanced osteogenic potential of DPSCs partially via upregulation of ephrinB2-mediated reverse signaling and effectively promoted alveolar bone defect repair. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1540-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changyong Yuan
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tengyu Geng
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoyue Zhu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zongxiang Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Penglai Wang
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
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Lipopolysaccharide inhibits osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells partially through toll-like receptor 4-mediated ephrinB2 downregulation. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3407-3416. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03211-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Wang P, Wang W, Geng T, Liu Y, Zhu S, Liu Z, Yuan C. EphrinB2 regulates osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and alveolar bone defect regeneration in beagles. J Tissue Eng 2019; 10:2041731419894361. [PMID: 31897285 PMCID: PMC6918499 DOI: 10.1177/2041731419894361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
EphrinB2, a membrane protein regulating bone homeostasis, has been demonstrated to induce osteogenic gene expression in periodontal ligament fibroblasts. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of ephrinB2 on osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and on alveolar bone regeneration in vivo. We assessed the osteogenic gene expression and osteogenic differentiation potential of ephrinB2-modified human and canine periodontal ligament stem cells, in which ephrinB2 expression was upregulated via lentiviral vector transduction. EphrinB2-modified canine periodontal ligament stem cells combined with PuraMatrix were delivered to critical-sized alveolar bone defects in beagles to evaluate bone regeneration. Results showed that ephrinB2 overexpression enhanced osteogenic gene transcription and mineral deposition in both human and canine periodontal ligament stem cells. Animal experiments confirmed that ephrinB2-modified canine periodontal ligament stem cells + PuraMatrix resulted in greater trabecular bone volume per tissue volume and trabecular thickness compared with other groups. Our study demonstrated that ephrinB2 promoted osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and alveolar bone repair in beagles, highlighting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of alveolar bone damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglai Wang
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tengyu Geng
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shaoyue Zhu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Zongxiang Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Changyong Yuan
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Changes in ephrin gene expression during bone healing identify a restricted repertoire of ephrins mediating fracture repair. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 151:43-55. [PMID: 30250975 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1712-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To identify the repertoire of ephrin genes that might regulate endochondral bone fracture repair, we examined changes in ephrin ligand and receptor (Eph) gene expression in fracture callus tissues during bone fracture healing. Ephrin and Eph proteins were then localized in the fracture callus tissues present when changes in gene expression were observed. Ephrin gene expression was widespread in fracture tissues, but the repertoire of ephrin genes with significant changes in expression that might suggest a regulatory role in fracture callus development was restricted to the ephrin A family members Epha4, Epha5 and the ephrin B family member Efnb1. After 3 weeks of healing, Epha4 fracture expression was downregulated from 1.3- to 0.8-fold and Epha5 fracture expression was upregulated from 1.2- to 1.5-fold of intact contralateral femur expression, respectively. Efnb1 expression was downregulated from 1.5- to 1.2-fold after 2 weeks post-fracture. These ephrin proteins were localized to fracture callus prehypertrophic chondrocytes and osteoblasts, as well as to the periosteum and fibrous tissues. The observed positive correlation between mRNA levels of EfnB1 with Col10 and Epha5 with Bglap, together with colocalized expression with their respective proteins, suggest that EfnB1 is a positive mediator of prehypertrophic chondrocyte development and that Epha5 contributes to osteoblast-mediated mineralization of fracture callus. In contrast, mRNA levels of Epha4 and Efnb1 correlated negatively with Bglap, thus suggesting a negative role for these two ephrin family members in mature osteoblast functions. Given the number of family members and widespread expression of the ephrins, a characterization of changes in ephrin gene expression provides a basis for identifying ephrin family members that might regulate the molecular pathways of bone fracture repair. This approach suggests that a highly restricted repertoire of ephrins, EfnB1 and EphA5, are the major mediators of fracture callus cartilage hypertrophy and ossification, respectively, and proposes candidates for additional functional study and eventual therapeutic application.
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Ge YW, Liu ZQ, Sun ZY, Yu DG, Feng K, Zhu ZA, Mao YQ. Titanium particle‑mediated osteoclastogenesis may be attenuated via bidirectional ephrin‑B2/eph‑B4 signaling in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2031-2041. [PMID: 30015911 PMCID: PMC6108887 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of bidirectional ephrin-B2/erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular receptor 4 (ephB4) signaling in the regulation of wear particle-mediated osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were induced into osteoclasts by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL, 50 ng/ml). EphB4-Fc, an osteoblast membrane surface receptor (4 µg/ml), was used to stimulate the ephrin-B2 ligand of osteoclasts in the presence and absence of titanium (Ti). Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was used to detect the number of osteoclasts, and phalloidin staining was used to examine the cytoskeletons of the osteoclasts. A bone pit absorption experiment was used to measure osteoclast function. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to examine osteoclastogenesis. ELISAs were used to detect the production of inflammatory factors. The data demonstrated that Ti significantly promoted the differentiation of BMMs into mature osteoclasts in the presence of RANKL and significantly promoted expression of the ephrin-B2, nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 (NFATc1), TRAP, Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit (C-FOS), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) genes. Phalloidin and TRAP staining revealed that following the addition of ephB4-Fc, the number, size and cytoskeletal elements of Key words: osteoclasts, osteoblasts, remodeling, ephrin-B2, osteoclastogenesis osteoclasts were significantly decreased compared with those in the titanium particle group without ephB4-Fc. Compared with the titanium particle group, the bone pit absorption experiment revealed significantly decreased absorption pit areas in the titanium particle+ephB4-Fc group. The expression of the NFATc1, TRAP, C-FOS and MMP9 genes was markedly decreased in the ephB4-Fc group; however, the expression of the ephrin-B2 gene was increased compared with the Ti particle group without ephB4-Fc after 5 days. Production of inflammatory cytokines was inhibited by Ti particles through bidirectional signals. Addition of ephB4-Fc inhibited the osteoclast-mediated formation of Ti particles via bidirectional ephrin-B2/ephB4 signaling. Activation of this bidirectional signaling pathway may be a potential clinical treatment for osteolysis surrounding prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Ge
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qing Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yu Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - De-Gang Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Kai Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-An Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Qing Mao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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12
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Muñoz D, Castillo H, Henríquez JP, Marcellini S. Bone regeneration after traumatic skull injury in Xenopus tropicalis. Mech Dev 2018; 154:153-161. [PMID: 30420272 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of regenerative biology is to improve human health by exploiting cellular and molecular mechanisms favoring tissue repair. In recent years, non-mammalian vertebrates have emerged as powerful model organisms to tackle the problem of tissue regeneration. Here, we analyze the process of bone repair in metamorphosing Xenopus tropicalis tadpoles subjected to traumatic skull injury. Five days after skull perforation, a dense and highly vascularized mesenchymal is apparent over the injury site. Using an in vivo bone staining procedure based on independent pulses of Alizarin red and Calcein green, we show that the deposition of new bone matrix completely closes the wound in 15 days. The absence of cartilage implies that bone repair follows an intramembranous ossification route. Collagen second harmonic imaging reveals that while a well-organized lamellar type of bone is deposited during development, a woven type of bone is produced during the early-phase of the regeneration process. Osteoblasts lying against the regenerating bone robustly express fibrillar collagen 1a1, SPARC and Dlx5. These analyses establish Xenopus tropicalis as a new model system to improve traumatic skull injury recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Muñoz
- Group for the Study of Developmental Processes (GDeP), Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Chile; Laboratory of Development and Evolution (LADE), University of Concepción, Chile
| | - Héctor Castillo
- Group for the Study of Developmental Processes (GDeP), Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Chile; Laboratory of Development and Evolution (LADE), University of Concepción, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Henríquez
- Group for the Study of Developmental Processes (GDeP), Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Chile; Center for Advanced Microscopy (CMA Bio-Bio), University of Concepción, Chile
| | - Sylvain Marcellini
- Group for the Study of Developmental Processes (GDeP), Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Chile; Laboratory of Development and Evolution (LADE), University of Concepción, Chile.
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13
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Lindsey RC, Rundle CH, Mohan S. Role of IGF1 and EFN-EPH signaling in skeletal metabolism. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:T87-T102. [PMID: 29581239 PMCID: PMC5966337 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1) and ephrin ligand (EFN)-receptor (EPH) signaling are both crucial for bone cell function and skeletal development and maintenance. IGF1 signaling is the major mediator of growth hormone-induced bone growth, but a host of different signals and factors regulate IGF1 signaling at the systemic and local levels. Disruption of the Igf1 gene results in reduced peak bone mass in both experimental animal models and humans. Additionally, EFN-EPH signaling is a complex system which, particularly through cell-cell interactions, contributes to the development and differentiation of many bone cell types. Recent evidence has demonstrated several ways in which the IGF1 and EFN-EPH signaling pathways interact with and depend upon each other to regulate bone cell function. While much remains to be elucidated, the interaction between these two signaling pathways opens a vast array of new opportunities for investigation into the mechanisms of and potential therapies for skeletal conditions such as osteoporosis and fracture repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Lindsey
- Musculoskeletal Disease CenterVA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Division of BiochemistryDepartment of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular MedicineDepartment of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Charles H Rundle
- Musculoskeletal Disease CenterVA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Department of MedicineLoma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease CenterVA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Division of BiochemistryDepartment of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular MedicineDepartment of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Department of MedicineLoma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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14
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Rundle CH, Xing W, Lau KHW, Mohan S. Bidirectional ephrin signaling in bone. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2016; 2:65-76. [PMID: 30775469 PMCID: PMC6372807 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between ephrin ligands (efn) and their receptors (Eph) is capable of inducing forward signaling, from ligand to receptor, as well as reverse signaling, from receptor to ligand. The ephrins are widely expressed in many tissues, where they mediate cell migration and adherence, properties that make the efn-Eph signaling critically important in establishing and maintaining tissue boundaries. The efn-Eph system has also received considerable attention in skeletal tissues, as ligand and receptor combinations are predicted to mediate interactions between the different types of cells that regulate bone development and homeostasis. This review summarizes our current understanding of efn-Eph signaling with a particular focus on the expression and functions of ephrins and their receptors in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Rundle
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, 11201 Benton St, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Weirong Xing
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, 11201 Benton St, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Kin-Hing William Lau
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, 11201 Benton St, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, 11201 Benton St, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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15
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Hsieh P, Veeramah KR, Lachance J, Tishkoff SA, Wall JD, Hammer MF, Gutenkunst RN. Whole-genome sequence analyses of Western Central African Pygmy hunter-gatherers reveal a complex demographic history and identify candidate genes under positive natural selection. Genome Res 2016; 26:279-90. [PMID: 26888263 PMCID: PMC4772011 DOI: 10.1101/gr.192971.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
African Pygmies practicing a mobile hunter-gatherer lifestyle are phenotypically and genetically diverged from other anatomically modern humans, and they likely experienced strong selective pressures due to their unique lifestyle in the Central African rainforest. To identify genomic targets of adaptation, we sequenced the genomes of four Biaka Pygmies from the Central African Republic and jointly analyzed these data with the genome sequences of three Baka Pygmies from Cameroon and nine Yoruba famers. To account for the complex demographic history of these populations that includes both isolation and gene flow, we fit models using the joint allele frequency spectrum and validated them using independent approaches. Our two best-fit models both suggest ancient divergence between the ancestors of the farmers and Pygmies, 90,000 or 150,000 yr ago. We also find that bidirectional asymmetric gene flow is statistically better supported than a single pulse of unidirectional gene flow from farmers to Pygmies, as previously suggested. We then applied complementary statistics to scan the genome for evidence of selective sweeps and polygenic selection. We found that conventional statistical outlier approaches were biased toward identifying candidates in regions of high mutation or low recombination rate. To avoid this bias, we assigned P-values for candidates using whole-genome simulations incorporating demography and variation in both recombination and mutation rates. We found that genes and gene sets involved in muscle development, bone synthesis, immunity, reproduction, cell signaling and development, and energy metabolism are likely to be targets of positive natural selection in Western African Pygmies or their recent ancestors.
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Affiliation(s)
- PingHsun Hsieh
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Krishna R Veeramah
- Arizona Research Laboratories Division of Biotechnology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Joseph Lachance
- Department of Biology and Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; Department of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Sarah A Tishkoff
- Department of Biology and Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Wall
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Michael F Hammer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA; Arizona Research Laboratories Division of Biotechnology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Ryan N Gutenkunst
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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16
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Wang Y, Menendez A, Fong C, ElAlieh HZ, Chang W, Bikle DD. Ephrin B2/EphB4 mediates the actions of IGF-I signaling in regulating endochondral bone formation. J Bone Miner Res 2014; 29:1900-13. [PMID: 24677183 PMCID: PMC4108521 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ephrin B2/EphB4 mediates interactions among osteoblasts (OBs), osteoclasts (OCLs), and chondrocytes to regulate their differentiation. We investigated the role of ephrin B2/EphB4 signaling in mediating the anabolic effects of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) on those cells and overall endochondral bone formation. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the expression of ephrin B2 in OBs, OCLs, and osteocytes, and the expression of EphB4 in OBs and osteocytes was dramatically decreased in global IGF-I knockout mice. Inactivation of EphB4 by EphB4 small, interfering RNA (siRNA) in cultured bone marrow stromal cells significantly decreased the mRNA levels of OB differentiation markers and abolished the stimulatory effects of IGF-I on these markers. Blocking the interaction of EphB4 and ephrin B2 in the OB-OCL cocultures with the EphB4 specific peptide TNYL-RAW or deletion of ephrin B2 in OCL prior to coculture led to fewer and smaller tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells, decreased expression of OB differentiation markers, and blunted response to IGF-I for both OCL and OB differentiation. In the growth plate, both ephrin B2 and EphB4 are expressed in late stage proliferating and prehypertrophic chondrocytes, and their expression was decreased in mice lacking the IGF-I receptor specifically in chondrocytes. In vitro, blocking the interaction of EphB4 and ephrin B2 in chondrogenic ATDC5 cells with TNYL-RAW significantly decreased both basal and IGF1-induced expression of type II and type X collagen. In the cocultures of ATDC5 cells and spleen cells (osteoclast precursors), TNYL-RAW decreased the numbers of TRAP-positive cells and the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK), and blocked their stimulation by IGF-I. Our data indicate that IGF-I/IGF-IR signaling promotes OB, OCL, and chondrocyte differentiation via ephrin B2/EphB4 mediated cell-cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Wang
- Endocrine Unit, University of California, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
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17
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Cheng S, Kesavan C, Mohan S, Qin X, Alarcon CM, Wergedal J, Xing W. Transgenic overexpression of ephrin b1 in bone cells promotes bone formation and an anabolic response to mechanical loading in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69051. [PMID: 23874863 PMCID: PMC3708903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To test if ephrin B1 overexpression enhances bone mass, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing ephrin B1 under the control of a 3.6 kb rat collagen 1A1 promoter (Col3.6-Tgefnb1). Col3.6-Tgefnb1 mice express 6-, 12- and 14-fold greater levels of full-length ephrin B1 protein in bone marrow stromal cells, calvarial osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, respectively. The long bones of both genders of Col3.6-Tgefnb1 mice have increased trabecular bone volume, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness and decreased trabecular separation. Enhanced bone formation and decreased bone resorption contributed to this increase in trabecular bone mass in Col3.6-Tgefnb1 mice. Consistent with these findings, our in vitro studies showed that overexpression of ephrin B1 increased osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, osterix and collagen 1A1 expression in bone marrow stromal cells. Interaction of ephrin B1 with soluble clustered EphB2-Fc decreased osteoclast precursor differentiation into multinucleated cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the mechanical loading-induced increase in EphB2 expression and newly formed bone were significantly greater in the Col3.6-Tgefnb1 mice than in WT littermate controls. Our findings that overexpression of ephrin B1 in bone cells enhances bone mass and promotes a skeletal anabolic response to mechanical loading suggest that manipulation of ephrin B1 actions in bone may provide a means to sensitize the skeleton to mechanical strain to stimulate new bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohong Cheng
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
| | - Chandrasekhar Kesavan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
| | - Xuezhong Qin
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
| | - Catrina M. Alarcon
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
| | - Jon Wergedal
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
| | - Weirong Xing
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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