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Pérez Núñez I, Díaz R, Quiñones J, Martínez A, Velázquez L, Huaiquipán R, Tapia D, Muñoz A, Valdés M, Sepúlveda N, Paz E. Molecular Characteristics and Processing Technologies of Dairy Products from Non-Traditional Species. Molecules 2024; 29:5427. [PMID: 39598816 PMCID: PMC11597077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29225427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-bovine dairy animals, commonly referred to as non-traditional dairy species, include goats, sheep, yaks, buffalo, donkeys, alpacas, llamas, and other less commonly farmed species. These animals have been integral to livestock systems since ancient times, providing milk and other essential products. Despite their historical significance, dairy production from many of these species remains predominantly confined to rural areas in developing countries, where scientific advancements and technical improvements are often limited. As a consequence of this, the scientific literature and technological developments in the processing and characterization of dairy products from these species have lagged behind those for cow's milk. This review aims to compile and analyze existing research on dairy products derived from non-traditional animals, focusing on their molecular characteristics, including proteins (alpha, beta, kappa, and total casein), fats (cholesterol and total fat), lactose, albumin, ash, total solids, and somatic cell count, among others, for each of these species. Additionally, we discuss emerging technologies employed in their processing, encompassing both non-thermal methods (such as high-pressure processing, pulsed electric fields, ultrasound processing, UV-C irradiation, gamma radiation, microfiltration, and cold plasma processing) and thermal methods (such as ohmic heating). This review also explores the specific potential applications and challenges of implementing these technologies. By synthesizing recent findings, we aim to stimulate further research into innovative technologies and strategies that can enhance the quality and yield of non-bovine dairy products. Understanding the unique properties of milk from these species may lead to new opportunities for product development, improved processing methods, and increased commercialization in both developing and developed markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Pérez Núñez
- Doctoral Program in Agrifood and Environment Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (I.P.N.); (R.H.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.)
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
| | - Rommy Díaz
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - John Quiñones
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Ailín Martínez
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
- Doctoral Program in Science Major in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Lidiana Velázquez
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
| | - Rodrigo Huaiquipán
- Doctoral Program in Agrifood and Environment Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (I.P.N.); (R.H.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.)
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
| | - Daniela Tapia
- Doctoral Program in Agrifood and Environment Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (I.P.N.); (R.H.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.)
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
| | - Alex Muñoz
- Doctoral Program in Agrifood and Environment Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (I.P.N.); (R.H.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.)
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
| | - Marcos Valdés
- Doctoral Program in Agrifood and Environment Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (I.P.N.); (R.H.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.)
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
| | - Néstor Sepúlveda
- Meat Quality Innovation and Technology Centre (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (J.Q.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (N.S.)
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Erwin Paz
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia;
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West L, Rafiq K, Converse SJ, Wilson AM, Jordan NR, Golabek KA, McNutt JW, Abrahms B. Droughts reshape apex predator space use and intraguild overlap. J Anim Ecol 2024; 93:1785-1798. [PMID: 39367545 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Droughts are increasing in frequency and severity globally due to climate change, leading to changes in resource availability that may have cascading effects on animal ecology. Resource availability is a key driver of animal space use, which in turn influences interspecific interactions like intraguild competition. Understanding how climate-induced changes in resource availability influence animal space use, and how species-specific responses scale up to affect intraguild dynamics, is necessary for predicting broader community-level responses to climatic changes. Although several studies have demonstrated the ecological impacts of drought, the behavioural responses of individuals that scale up to these broader-scale effects are not well known, particularly among animals in top trophic levels like large carnivores. Furthermore, we currently lack understanding of how the impacts of climate variability on individual carnivore behaviour are linked to intraguild dynamics, in part because multi-species datasets collected at timescales relevant to climatic changes are rare. Using 11 years of GPS data from four sympatric large carnivore species in southern Africa-lions (Panthera leo), leopards (Panthera pardus), African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) and cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)-spanning 4 severe drought events, we test whether drought conditions impact (1) large carnivore space use, (2) broad-scale intraguild spatial overlap and (3) fine-scale intraguild interactions. Drought conditions expanded space use across species, with carnivores increasing their monthly home range sizes by 35% (wild dogs) to 66% (leopards). Drought conditions increased the amount of spatial overlap between lions and subordinate felids (cheetahs and leopards) by up to 119%, but only lion-cheetah encounter rates were affected by these changes, declining in response to drought. Our findings reveal that drought has a clear signature on the space use of multiple sympatric large carnivore species, which can alter spatiotemporal partitioning between competing species. Our study thereby illuminates the links between environmental change, animal behaviour and intraguild dynamics. While fine-scale avoidance strategies may facilitate intraguild coexistence during periodic droughts, large carnivore conservation may require considerable expansion of protected areas or revised human-carnivore coexistence strategies to accommodate the likely long-term increased space demands of large carnivores under projected increases in drought intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh West
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Botswana Predator Conservation, Wild Entrust, Maun, Botswana
| | - Kasim Rafiq
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Botswana Predator Conservation, Wild Entrust, Maun, Botswana
| | - Sarah J Converse
- U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences & School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alan M Wilson
- Structure and Motion Lab, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Neil R Jordan
- Botswana Predator Conservation, Wild Entrust, Maun, Botswana
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of BEES, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Krystyna A Golabek
- Botswana Predator Conservation, Wild Entrust, Maun, Botswana
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of BEES, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Weldon McNutt
- Botswana Predator Conservation, Wild Entrust, Maun, Botswana
| | - Briana Abrahms
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Botswana Predator Conservation, Wild Entrust, Maun, Botswana
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Landry-Ducharme L, Lai S, Vézina F, Tam A, Berteaux D. Vegetation biomass and topography are associated with seasonal habitat selection and fall translocation behavior in Arctic hares. Oecologia 2024; 204:775-788. [PMID: 38554159 PMCID: PMC11062897 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-024-05534-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Habitat selection theory suggests that environmental features selected at coarse scales reveal fundamental factors affecting animal fitness. When these factors vary across seasons, they may lead to large-scale movements, including long-distance seasonal migrations. We analyzed the seasonal habitat selection of 25 satellite-tracked Arctic hares from a population on Ellesmere Island (Nunavut, Canada) that relocated over 100 km in the fall. Since no other lagomorph is known to perform such extensive movements, this population offered an ideal setting to test animal movement and habitat selection theory. On summer grounds hares selected low elevation areas, while on winter grounds they selected high vegetation biomass, high elevation, and steep slopes. During fall relocation, they alternated between stopover and traveling behavioral states (ratio 2:1). Stopover locations were characterized by higher vegetation heterogeneity and lower rugosity than traveling locations, while vegetation biomass and elevation interacted to explain stopover locations in a more complex way. The selected combination of environmental features thus varied across seasons and behavioral states, in a way broadly consistent with predictions based on the changing food and safety needs of hares. Although causality was not demonstrated, our results improve our understanding of long-distance movements and habitat selection in Arctic hares, as well as herbivore ecology in the polar desert. Results also provide strong support to animal movement and habitat selection theory, by showing how some important hypotheses hold when tested in a species phylogenetically distinct from most animal models used in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Landry-Ducharme
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
- Canada Research Chair On Northern Biodiversity, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
- Centre for Northern Studies, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Sandra Lai
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
- Canada Research Chair On Northern Biodiversity, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
- Centre for Northern Studies, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - François Vézina
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
- Centre for Northern Studies, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew Tam
- Department of National Defence, 8 Wing Canadian Forces Base Trenton, Astra, ON, Canada
| | - Dominique Berteaux
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada.
- Canada Research Chair On Northern Biodiversity, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada.
- Centre for Northern Studies, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada.
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada.
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Blumstein DM, MacManes MD. When the tap runs dry: the physiological effects of acute experimental dehydration in Peromyscus eremicus. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb246386. [PMID: 37921453 PMCID: PMC10714145 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Desert organisms have evolved physiological, biochemical and genomic mechanisms to survive the extreme aridity of desert environments. Studying desert-adapted species provides a unique opportunity to investigate the survival strategies employed by organisms in some of the harshest habitats on Earth. Two of the primary challenges faced in desert environments are maintaining water balance and thermoregulation. We collected data in a simulated desert environment and a captive colony of cactus mice (Peromyscus eremicus) and used lab-based experiments with real time physiological measurements; energy expenditure, water loss rate and respiratory exchange rate, to characterize the response to water deprivation. Mice without access to water had significantly lower energy expenditures and in turn, reduced water loss compared to mice with access to water after the first 24 h of the experiment. Additionally, we observed significant mass loss that is probably due to dehydration-associated anorexia a response to limit fluid loss by reducing waste and the solute load as well as allowing water reabsorption from the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. Finally, we observed body temperature correlated with sex, with males without access to water maintaining body temperature when compared with hydrated males, whereas body temperature decreased for females without access to water, suggesting daily metabolic depression in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M. Blumstein
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Matthew D. MacManes
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
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Gonnerman M, Shea SA, Sullivan K, Kamath P, Overturf K, Blomberg E. Dynamic winter weather moderates movement and resource selection of wild turkeys at high-latitude range limits. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2734. [PMID: 36057107 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For wide-ranging species in temperate environments, populations at high-latitude range limits are subject to more extreme conditions, colder temperatures, and greater snow accumulation compared with their core range. As climate change progresses, these bounding pressures may become more moderate on average, while extreme weather occurs more frequently. Individuals can mitigate temporarily extreme conditions by changing daily activity budgets and exhibiting plasticity in resource selection, both of which facilitate existence at and expansion of high-latitude range boundaries. However, relatively little work has explored how animals moderate movement and vary resource selection with changing weather, and a general framework for such investigations is lacking. We applied hidden Markov models and step selection functions to GPS data from wintering wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) near their northern range limit to identify how weather influenced transition among discrete movement states, as well as state-specific resource selection. We found that turkeys were more likely to spend time in a stationary state as wind chill temperatures decreased and snow depth increased. Both stationary and roosting turkeys selected conifer forests and avoided land covers associated with foraging, such as agriculture and residential areas, while shifting their strength of selection for these features during poor weather. In contrast, mobile turkeys showed relatively weak resource selection, with less response in selection coefficients during poor weather. Our findings illustrate that behavioral plasticity in response to weather was context dependent, but movement behaviors most associated with poor weather were also those in which resource selection was most plastic. Given our results, the potential for wild turkey range expansion will partly be determined by the availability of habitat that allows them to withstand periodic inclement weather. Combining hidden Markov models with step selection functions is broadly applicable for evaluating plasticity in animal behavior and dynamic resource selection in response to changing weather. We studied turkeys at northern range limits, but this approach is applicable for any system expected to experience significant changes in the coming decade, and may be particularly relevant to populations existing at range peripheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gonnerman
- Department of Wildlife Fisheries and Conservation Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Stephanie A Shea
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Kelsey Sullivan
- Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Bangor, Maine, USA
| | - Pauline Kamath
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Kaj Overturf
- Department of Wildlife Fisheries and Conservation Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Erik Blomberg
- Department of Wildlife Fisheries and Conservation Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
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Schoenecker KA, Esmaeili S, King SRB. Seasonal resource selection and movement ecology of free‐ranging horses in the western United States. J Wildl Manage 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A. Schoenecker
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center 2150 Centre Avenue, Building C Fort Collins CO 80526 USA
| | - Saeideh Esmaeili
- Colorado State University, Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory 1213 Libbie Coy Way Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Sarah R. B. King
- Colorado State University, Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory 1213 Libbie Coy Way Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
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Glass DM, Prentice PR, Evans AD, Schmitz OJ. Local differences in maximum temperature determine water use among desert bighorn sheep populations. J Wildl Manage 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M. Glass
- Yale University School of the Environment 370 Prospect Street New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Paige R. Prentice
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife 787 N Main Street Bishop CA 93514 USA
| | - Ashley D. Evans
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife 787 N Main Street Bishop CA 93514 USA
| | - Oswald J. Schmitz
- Yale University School of the Environment 370 Prospect Street New Haven CT 06511 USA
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Bai D, Wan X, Zhang L, Campos-Arceiz A, Wei F, Zhang Z. The recent Asian elephant range expansion in Yunnan, China, is associated with climate change and enforced protection efforts in human-dominated landscapes. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.889077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the northward movement of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Yunnan, China, has attracted international attention. Climate change or human disturbances have been proposed to be the key drivers, but these hypotheses have not been rigorously tested. In this study, we quantified the relationship between climate change and human impacts on the recent range expansion of Asian elephants in southwest China. We found that the first observation probability of this species in a new place during 1959–2021 had a significant and positive association with change in air temperature and human density, resulting in a movement toward a high-latitude region with a warmer climate and higher human density; however, its association with precipitation was scale-dependent in time: positive or negative during the past 10 or 5 years, respectively. Under the enforced protection policy, human-dominated areas became preferred habitats for elephants. Our results indicate that climate change and enforced protection efforts in human-dominated landscapes in the last few decades are significant drivers of the recent range expansion of Asian elephants in Yunnan, China. It is necessary to expand the current protected areas or habitat corridors toward the north or set up new reserves in the north and set up barriers between human settlements and elephant habitats to facilitate elephant movements and minimize human-elephant conflicts under accelerated global change.
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Factors affecting bighorn sheep activity at water developments in southwestern Arizona. J Wildl Manage 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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