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Prameswari HS, Kamarullah W, Pranata R, Putra ICS, Undarsa AC, Iqbal M, Dewi TI, Kusumawardhani NY, Akbar MR, Astuti A. Meta-analysis of cardiac magnetic resonance in prognosticating left ventricular function in peripartum cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 39295149 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.15024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) may result in a number of detrimental adverse cardiovascular events, notably persistent left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reduction or even mortality. Imaging parameters on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and their prognostic implications have rarely been perused in PPCM. We aimed to describe CMR's prognostic value in predicting poor left ventricular (LV) function recovery using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T2-weighted or T2 mapping. METHODS AND RESULTS PubMed, Europe PMC, and ScienceDirect were screened for studies on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and myocardial oedema using CMR and PPCM. The outcome of interest was poor LV function recovery, with a follow-up period of at least 6 months. Comparisons between groups with the presence of LGE, myocardial oedema, and recovered against non-recovered patients were pooled. A random-effects model was employed to calculate the effect size. All pooled results were expressed as risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The area under the curve (AUC) was generated to test overall prognostic accuracy. Six cohort studies with 162 patients were included. The mean age of participants in this study was 30.6 years, and the majority of patients were diagnosed with PPCM after delivery. LGE was associated with a higher risk of poor LV function recovery, particularly when conducted at a later stage of disease (≥2.8 months) [RR = 2.83 (95% CI = 1.25-6.40); P = 0.001]. On the contrary, CMR conducted early (<2.8 months) exhibited a greater predictive value for myocardial oedema perceived by T2 mapping [RR = 3.44 (95% CI = 1.04-11.34); P = 0.043]. Diagnostic-test accuracy meta-analysis revealed that LGE had a sensitivity of 73% (95% CI, 56-85%), specificity of 79% (95% CI, 45-95%), and AUC of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.75-0.82) in predicting poor LV recovery when performed in the later phase, whereas significant myocardial oedema in those with non-recovered LV function had a sensitivity of 12% (95% CI, 2-52%), specificity of 68% (95% CI, 39-88%), and AUC of 0.40 (95% CI, 0.36-0.44) while undertaken in the latter phase. Our findings support the notion that inflammation plays a significant role in PPCM and that alterations to tissue composition occur in a time-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Contrast-enhanced CMR can be utilized as an adjunct examination in post-partum PPCM patients to stratify the risk of poor LV function recovery while conducted at a suitable point in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawani Sasmaya Prameswari
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - William Kamarullah
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Raymond Pranata
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Iwan Cahyo Santosa Putra
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Alberta Claudia Undarsa
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Iqbal
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Triwedya Indra Dewi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Nuraini Yasmin Kusumawardhani
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Rizki Akbar
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Astri Astuti
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
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Satti DI, Choi E, Patel HP, Faisaluddin M, Mehta A, Patel B, Oyeka CP, Hegde S, Kwapong YA, Chan JSK, Anderson S, Ibrahim NE, Sinha SS, Dani SS, Sharma G. Cardiomyopathies in Pregnancy: Trends and Clinical Outcomes in Delivery Hospitalizations in the United States (2005-2020). Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102855. [PMID: 39299364 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiomyopathy (CDM) in pregnancy is associated with maternal morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES To explore trends and clinical outcomes in CDM subtypes during delivery hospitalizations. METHODS We used the National Inpatient Sample database to identify delivery hospitalizations between 2005-2020 by CDM subtypes: peripartum (PPCM), dilated (DCM), hypertrophic (HCM), and restrictive (RCM). Maternal and fetal outcomes were identified using International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Baseline characteristics and temporal trends of CDM subtypes were analyzed. Maternal cardiovascular, pregnancy, and fetal outcomes were evaluated by CDM subtype using univariate logistic regression. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. RESULTS During 2005-2020, 37,125 out of 61,811,842 delivery hospitalizations were complicated by CDM. Among CDM-related delivery hospitalizations, the most prevalent were DCM (46%), followed by PPCM (45.6%), HCM (4.6%), and RCM (3.9%). The rates of in-hospital mortality (1.7%), adverse cardiovascular events such as acute heart failure (17%), cardiogenic shock (3.4%), and cardiac arrest (3.1%), and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia (14.2%) and preterm labor (11%), were highest among PPCM (all p < 0.0001). The prevalence of PPCM (49.1% to 38.5%) decreased while the prevalence of HCM (2.7% to 8.8%) and DCM (48% to 52.2%) increased over time. CONCLUSIONS Over a 15-year period, PPCM had higher rates of in-hospital mortality, cardiovascular events, and adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to other CDM subtypes. While the prevalence of PPCM decreased over time, the prevalence of HCM and DCM increased. Hence, further research on cardiomyopathies during pregnancy and prospective studies on this vulnerable patient cohort are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish Iltaf Satti
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eunjung Choi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Harsh P Patel
- Department of Cardiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | | | - Adhya Mehta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bhavin Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Joseph Mercy Oakland Hospital, Pontiac, MI, USA
| | | | - Shruti Hegde
- Department of Cardiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Yaa Adoma Kwapong
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Shannon Anderson
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nasrien E Ibrahim
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shashank S Sinha
- Inova Schar Heart and Vascular, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Sourbha S Dani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Garima Sharma
- Inova Schar Heart and Vascular, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, Virginia, USA.
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Kittleson MM, Breathett K, Ziaeian B, Aguilar D, Blumer V, Bozkurt B, Diekemper RL, Dorsch MP, Heidenreich PA, Jurgens CY, Khazanie P, Koromia GA, Van Spall HGC. 2024 Update to the 2020 ACC/AHA Clinical Performance and Quality Measures for Adults With Heart Failure: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Performance Measures. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 84:1123-1143. [PMID: 39127953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
This document describes performance measures for heart failure that are appropriate for public reporting or pay-for-performance programs and is meant to serve as a focused update of the "2020 ACC/AHA Clinical Performance and Quality Measures for Adults With Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Performance Measures." The new performance measures are taken from the "2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines" and are selected from the strongest recommendations (Class 1 or Class 3). In contrast, quality measures may not have as much evidence base and generally comprise metrics that might be useful for clinicians and health care organizations for quality improvement but are not yet appropriate for public reporting or pay-for-performance programs. New performance measures include optimal blood pressure control in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and the use of guideline-directed medical therapy in hospitalized patients. New quality measures include the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction, the optimization of guideline-directed medical therapy prior to intervention for chronic secondary severe mitral regurgitation, continuation of guideline-directed medical therapy for patients with heart failure with improved ejection fraction, identifying both known risks for cardiovascular disease and social determinants of health, patient-centered counseling regarding contraception and pregnancy risks for individuals with cardiomyopathy, and the need for a monoclonal protein screen to exclude light chain amyloidosis when interpreting a bone scintigraphy scan assessing for transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis.
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Du Plessis J, Gujrathi R, Hassanin M, McKee H, Hanneman K, Karur GR, Chan V, Warnica W, Wald RM, Nguyen ET. Peripartum Cardiomyopathy is Associated With Abnormalities of Myocardial Deformation and Late Gadolinium Enhancement. Can Assoc Radiol J 2024:8465371241268426. [PMID: 39239934 DOI: 10.1177/08465371241268426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) affects women in late pregnancy and postpartum. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can contribute to PPCM diagnosis and management. We explored CMR findings in PPCM, including myocardial strain and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) patterns. Materials and Methods: This retrospective single-centre study included patients with PPCM who underwent CMR from 2010 to 2018. Exclusions were other cardiomyopathy causes. CMR parameters, including ventricular function, LGE, and myocardial strain, were compared between the PPCM group and healthy controls. Transthoracic echocardiographic data were reviewed to assess functional improvement in PPCM patients. Results: Thirty-two women with PPCM (mean age 42 ± 6 years) and 26 controls (mean age 43 ± 14 years) were included. PPCM patients had significantly lower left ventricular (LV) ejection fractions (median 37.5% vs 60.5%, P < .001), higher LV end-diastolic volumes (median 108 ml/m² vs 76 ml/m², P < .001), and reduced global LV strain compared to controls. Eighteen PPCM patients (58%) had non-ischaemic pattern LGE, with no LGE in controls besides hingepoint LGE (23%). LGE was most prevalent in the basal and mid anteroseptum. LGE patterns included linear mid-wall, subepicardial, and right ventricular side of the septum. Twenty-four patients (92%) showed improvement in LVEF at follow-up echocardiogram (mean LVEF 28% ± 1.9% at diagnosis and 45% ± 3% at follow-up, P < .001). Conclusion: We identified a non-ischaemic pattern LGE that is nonspecific in isolation but could suggest PPCM in the correct clinical context along with abnormal CMR strain values. Future studies should evaluate the clinical application of these findings to facilitate earlier diagnosis and enhance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Du Plessis
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Medical Imaging Toronto, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Magdi Hassanin
- Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | | | - Kate Hanneman
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Medical Imaging Toronto, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gauri Rani Karur
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Medical Imaging Toronto, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Will Warnica
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Medical Imaging Toronto, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel M Wald
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Medical Imaging Toronto, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Elsie T Nguyen
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Medical Imaging Toronto, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
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Kittleson MM, Breathett K, Ziaeian B, Aguilar D, Blumer V, Bozkurt B, Diekemper RL, Dorsch MP, Heidenreich PA, Jurgens CY, Khazanie P, Koromia GA, Van Spall HGC. 2024 Update to the 2020 ACC/AHA Clinical Performance and Quality Measures for Adults With Heart Failure: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Performance Measures. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2024; 17:e000132. [PMID: 39116212 DOI: 10.1161/hcq.0000000000000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
This document describes performance measures for heart failure that are appropriate for public reporting or pay-for-performance programs and is meant to serve as a focused update of the "2020 ACC/AHA Clinical Performance and Quality Measures for Adults With Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Performance Measures." The new performance measures are taken from the "2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines" and are selected from the strongest recommendations (Class 1 or Class 3). In contrast, quality measures may not have as much evidence base and generally comprise metrics that might be useful for clinicians and health care organizations for quality improvement but are not yet appropriate for public reporting or pay-for-performance programs. New performance measures include optimal blood pressure control in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and the use of guideline-directed medical therapy in hospitalized patients. New quality measures include the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction, the optimization of guideline-directed medical therapy prior to intervention for chronic secondary severe mitral regurgitation, continuation of guideline-directed medical therapy for patients with heart failure with improved ejection fraction, identifying both known risks for cardiovascular disease and social determinants of health, patient-centered counseling regarding contraception and pregnancy risks for individuals with cardiomyopathy, and the need for a monoclonal protein screen to exclude light chain amyloidosis when interpreting a bone scintigraphy scan assessing for transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis.
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Puhakka AM, Macharey G, Ziller V, Gissler M, Tekay A, Keil C, Hilfiker-Kleiner D. Peripartum heart failure in Finland: A population-based record linkage study. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 39183443 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Heart failure in late pregnancy and the postpartum period (HFPP) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) being the most common subtype. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the prevalence of HFPP in the Finnish population and identify the underlying risk factors associated with its occurrence. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the Finnish Medical Birth Register and the Finnish Care Register for Health Care, covering 1996 to 2021. The dataset comprised 1 387 457 deliveries. HFPP cases were identified based on specific ICD-10 codes. To ensure the accuracy of our findings, we excluded cases with pre-existing cardiomyopathies and other significant cardiac diseases diagnosed before pregnancy. We employed logistic regression models to evaluate the associations between maternal factors and the incidence of HFPP. RESULTS We identified 159 cases of HFPP, resulting in an incidence rate of 11.5 per 100 000 deliveries. This incidence is comparable with rates reported in other Scandinavian countries and lower than those observed in Germany. Consistent with findings from European cohorts, our study confirmed that pregnancy-associated hypertensive disorders, particularly preeclampsia, as well as complications such as preterm delivery, twin pregnancy and elective caesarean section, are substantial risk factors for HFPP. These results support previous research linking angiogenic imbalance to the pathogenesis of PPCM. Significant risk factors for HFPP included maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥35 [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28-3.25, P = 0.003], history of maternal hypertensive disorder (aOR 2.44, 95% CI 1.22-4.88, P = 0.012), gestational hypertension without significant proteinuria (aOR 2.14, 95% CI 1.27-3.61, P = 0.004), preeclampsia (aOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.39-4.23, P = 0.002), type 1 or type 2 diabetes (aOR 3.27, 95% CI 1.66-6.45, P < 0.001) and twin pregnancy (aOR 2.74, 95% CI 1.37-5.49, P = 0.005). Additionally, extensive prepartum [odds ratio (OR) 2.86, 95% CI 1.18-6.98, P = 0.018] and postpartum blood loss (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.44-5.02, P = 0.001) and maternal mental disorders (OR 7.39, 95% CI 4.10-13.31, P < 0.001) were significantly more common among HFPP patients. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of HFPP among women in Finland from 1996 to 2021 was low. HFPP exhibited a strong association with several risk factors, including preeclampsia, obesity, preterm delivery, twin pregnancy, elective caesarean section, multifoetal births, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, significant prepartum and postpartum blood loss and maternal mental health disorders. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions and careful monitoring in high-risk groups to mitigate the impact of HFPP on maternal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti M Puhakka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Georg Macharey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Volker Ziller
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine and Osteology, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mika Gissler
- Department of Knowledge Brokers, Finnish Institute of Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aydin Tekay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Corinna Keil
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine Baldingerstraße, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Huang H, Ye Q, Xu Y, Tao B, Liu J, Xie T, Zha L. Risk Factors and Clinical Features of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in a Chinese Population. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:3763-3772. [PMID: 39131748 PMCID: PMC11314513 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s468377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the risk factors and characteristic clinical features of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) to lay the groundwork for early identification, screening, diagnosis, and intervention in high-risk pregnant women. Patients and methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze data from 44 patients with PPCM and 226 normal pregnant women from a Chinese population. Results Significant differences were found between the groups in terms of various factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), heart rate, and medical history. Logistic regression models identified abnormal electrocardiography (OR=18.852), upper respiratory tract infection (OR=41.822), gestational hypertension (OR=18.188), and cesarean section (OR=8.394) as risk factors for PPCM. Common clinical features observed in patients with PPCM included cough, wheezing, and chest tightness (68.18%), left heart enlargement (56.82%) and valvular insufficiency (81.82%). Additionally, cardiotropic virus was detected in a subset of patients (43.18%) and NT-proBNP was elevated ≥ 400 pg/mL (81.82%). Conclusion In the Chinese population, the presence of abnormal electrocardiograms during pregnancy, history of upper respiratory tract infection, gestational hypertension, and maternal choice of cesarean section suggest the possibility of PPCM development. Factors such as advanced age, family history of cardiovascular disease, gestational diabetes mellitus, eclampsia, anemia, and hypoproteinemia should be considered. Clinically, patients present with cough, wheezing, chest tightness, enlarged left heart, valvular insufficiency and NT-proBNP elevated ≥ 400 pg/mL. This study could serve as a valuable reference for medical practitioners for the early identification and screening of patients with PPCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoming Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junlan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingfeng Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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Singh A, Irfan H, Ali T, Mughal S, Shaukat A, Jawwad M, Akilimali A. Precision medicine in peripartum cardiomyopathy: advancing diagnosis and management through genomic and phenotypic integration. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:4664-4667. [PMID: 39118717 PMCID: PMC11305805 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare and life-threatening cardiac condition characterized by heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction, often developing in late pregnancy or the early postpartum period. Despite being a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, clinical presentation of PPCM frequently overlaps with normal pregnancy-related physiological changes, causing diagnostic delays and increased complications. Current management strategies, primarily derived from general heart failure protocols, are evolving to address the unique aspects of PPCM. This includes the development of personalized medicine approaches that integrate genetic profiling, biomarker evaluation, and clinical phenotyping. Notable genes such as titin (TTN), Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3), and lamin A/C (LMNA) are implicated in PPCM, revealing a complex genetic landscape similar to other cardiomyopathies. Biomarkers like N-terminal pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) are under investigation for their diagnostic and prognostic value, indicating that personalized treatments hold the promise of enhancing diagnostic precision and therapeutic outcomes by tailoring interventions to individual patient profiles. This review article aims to highlight how integrating genetic and phenotypic data can establish a novel framework for managing PPCM, potentially transforming treatment paradigms and improving long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi
| | - Hamza Irfan
- Department of Medicine, Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi
| | - Sanila Mughal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi
| | - Ayesha Shaukat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi
| | - Mohammad Jawwad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi
| | - Aymar Akilimali
- Department of research, Medical Research Circle (MedReC), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
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Perea Rojas DM, Seni Hernandez CD, Rojas Torres IL, Olivares Olmos M, Garcia Jarava CM, Gaivao Arciniegas DJ, Seni Hernandez SA, Corrales Calderon LM, Perea Vasquez LE, Salva Camano S. Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report of Mortality From a Rare and Potentially Fatal Condition. J Med Cases 2024; 15:171-179. [PMID: 39091572 PMCID: PMC11287909 DOI: 10.14740/jmc4228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) poses a significant challenge in maternal health, characterized by heart failure with reduced ejection fraction during late pregnancy or early postpartum. Despite advances in understanding PPCM, it remains life-threatening with substantial maternal morbidity and mortality. This article reviews the epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic challenges, management strategies, and outcomes associated with PPCM. A case report of a 29-year-old woman with PPCM is presented, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and tailored management. The patient's presentation was marked by atypical symptoms, including dysuria, lumbar pain, persistent fever, and oral intake intolerance. Despite aggressive medical intervention, the patient experienced a tragic outcome, succumbing to cardiopulmonary arrest within 48 h of admission. This case underscores the challenges in diagnosing and managing PPCM, particularly when presenting with nonspecific symptoms and emphasizes the urgent need for improved diagnostic criteria and therapeutic interventions to mitigate adverse outcomes in affected individuals.
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Rosano GMC, Stolfo D, Anderson L, Abdelhamid M, Adamo M, Bauersachs J, Bayes-Genis A, Böhm M, Chioncel O, Filippatos G, Hill L, Lainscak M, Lambrinou E, Maas AHEM, Massouh AR, Moura B, Petrie MC, Rakisheva A, Ray R, Savarese G, Skouri H, Van Linthout S, Vitale C, Volterrani M, Metra M, Coats AJS. Differences in presentation, diagnosis and management of heart failure in women. A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:1669-1686. [PMID: 38783694 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress in the care of individuals with heart failure (HF), important sex disparities in knowledge and management remain, covering all the aspects of the syndrome, from aetiology and pathophysiology to treatment. Important distinctions in phenotypic presentation are widely known, but the mechanisms behind these differences are only partially defined. The impact of sex-specific conditions in the predisposition to HF has gained progressive interest in the HF community. Under-recruitment of women in large randomized clinical trials has continued in the more recent studies despite epidemiological data no longer reporting any substantial difference in the lifetime risk and prognosis between sexes. Target dose of medications and criteria for device eligibility are derived from studies with a large predominance of men, whereas specific information in women is lacking. The present scientific statement encompasses the whole scenario of available evidence on sex-disparities in HF and aims to define the most challenging and urgent residual gaps in the evidence for the scientific and clinical HF communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe M C Rosano
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Cardiology, San Raffaele Cassino Hospital, Cassino, Italy
| | - Davide Stolfo
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisa Anderson
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's University of London and St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Magdy Abdelhamid
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marianna Adamo
- ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Poujol, CIBERCV, Badalona, Spain
| | - Michael Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ovidiu Chioncel
- University of Medicine Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
- Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases 'Prof. C.C. Iliescu', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens University Hospital Attikon, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Loreena Hill
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Mitja Lainscak
- Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Rakičan, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Angela H E M Maas
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Angela R Massouh
- Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Brenda Moura
- Armed Forces Hospital, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mark C Petrie
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Amina Rakisheva
- City Cardiological Center, Almaty Kazakhstan Qonaev city hospital, Almaty Region, Kazakhstan
| | - Robin Ray
- Department of Cardiology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gianluigi Savarese
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Heart and Vascular and Neuro Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hadi Skouri
- Division of Cardiology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical city, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Maurizio Volterrani
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
- Cardio-Pulmonary Department, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Metra
- ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Papazoglou AS, Leite AR, Moysidis DV, Anastasiou V, Daios S, Borges-Canha M, Giannopoulos G, Neves JS, Ziakas A, Giannakoulas G. Serum Prolactin Levels and Mortality in Adults Without Prolactinoma: A Meta-Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:e1652-e1664. [PMID: 38366650 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prolactin (PRL) is a highly versatile, multifunctional hormone synthesized and secreted by lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary. Its metabolic role has been extensively studied even in normoprolactinemic populations. Recently, a wealth of observational data have outlined the potential prognostic value of PRL in various clinical settings. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to systematically evaluate and quantitatively synthesize the association between serum PRL levels and risk of mortality in adults without prolactinoma. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted up to June 10, 2023, to identify studies reporting the association of serum PRL levels with clinical outcomes of adults without prolactinoma. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the adjusted hazard ratios [(a)HRs] for all-cause and cardiovascular death (CVD) during follow-up. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies were deemed eligible reporting the outcomes of adults without prolactinoma, in whom serum PRL levels were measured for risk-stratification. Fourteen studies reported appropriate data for meta-analysis encompassing a total of 23 596 individuals. Each unit of PRL increase was independently associated with increased risk of all-cause (pooled aHR = 1.17 [1.08-1.27]; I2 = 48%) and CV mortality (pooled aHR = 1.54 [1.14-2.09]; I2 = 89%). Individuals belonging to the highest PRL category had significantly higher risk for all-cause (pooled aHR = 1.81 [1.43-2.30]; I2 = 65%) and CV (pooled aHR = 1.59 [1.04-2.42]; I2 = 82%) mortality compared to their lowest-PRL category counterparts. The association between PRL levels and in-hospital death did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION PRL levels seem to be an independent predictor for mortality. Further validation is warranted before its role as a risk-stratification tool can be delineated in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Rita Leite
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Unit of Cardiovascular Research and Development-Unic@RISE, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Vasileios Anastasiou
- First Cardiology Department, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece
| | - Stylianos Daios
- First Cardiology Department, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece
| | - Marta Borges-Canha
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Unit of Cardiovascular Research and Development-Unic@RISE, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Georgios Giannopoulos
- Second Cardiology Department, Ippokrateion University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - João Sérgio Neves
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Unit of Cardiovascular Research and Development-Unic@RISE, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonios Ziakas
- First Cardiology Department, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece
| | - George Giannakoulas
- First Cardiology Department, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece
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Bak M, Youn J, Bae D, Lee J, Lee S, Cho D, Choi J. Temporal Trends in Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes for Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: The Nationwide Multicenter Registry Over 20 Years. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034055. [PMID: 38904229 PMCID: PMC11255681 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.034055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a fatal disease affecting young patients and fetuses, little is known about its recent prognosis and risk factors. This study investigated temporal trends in clinical characteristics and outcomes for PPCM in a nationwide multicenter registry. METHODS AND RESULTS The study population comprised 340 patients (mean age, 33 years) who were diagnosed with PPCM between January 2000 and September 2022 in 26 tertiary hospitals in South Korea. PPCM was defined as heart failure with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤45% and no previously known cardiac disease. The main study outcomes included time to the first occurrence of all-cause death, heart transplantation, and cardiovascular hospitalization. The diagnosis of PPCM cases increased notably during the study period (P<0.001). However, clinical outcomes showed no significant improvement (all-cause death for 10 years: 0.9% [2000-2010] versus 2.3% [2011-2022], P=0.450; all-cause death and heart transplantation for 10 years: 3.6% [2000-2010] versus 3.0% [2011-2022] P=0.520; all-cause death, heart transplantation, and cardiovascular hospitalization for 10 years: 11.7% [2000-2010] versus 19.8% [2011-2022], P=0.240). High body mass index (hazard ratio [HR], 1.106 [95% CI, 1.024-1.196]; P=0.011), the presence of gestational diabetes (HR, 5.346 [95% CI, 1.778-16.07]; P=0.002), and increased baseline left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (HR, 1.078 [95% CI, 1.002-1.159]; P=0.044) were significant risk factors for poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS While the incidence of PPCM has increased over the past 20 years, the prognosis has not improved significantly. Timely management and close follow-up are necessary for high-risk patients with PPCM with high body mass index, gestational diabetes, or large left ventricular end-diastolic dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Bak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jong‐Chan Youn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Research Institute for Intractable Cardiovascular Disease, College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Dae‐Hwan Bae
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University HospitalChungbuk National University College of MedicineChungbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Ju‐Hee Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University HospitalChungbuk National University College of MedicineChungbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Sunki Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineKorea University Guro Hospital, Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Hyuk Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineKorea University Anam Hospital, Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin‐Oh Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
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Niu C, Zhang J, Zhu K, Agbakoba G, Dunnigan K, Okolo PI. Cardiovascular complications during delivery hospitalizations in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Clin Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00392-024-02476-5. [PMID: 38953945 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-024-02476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cardiovascular outcomes among pregnant women has yet to be thoroughly investigated. Our aim is to assess the odds of cardiovascular disease and cardiac arrhythmias during hospital admissions for delivery and identify contributing factors associated with cardiovascular complications in pregnant women with IBD. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of data from the National Inpatient Sample, obtained from delivery admissions of pregnant women with and without IBD, identified via International Classification of Diseases codes, from 2009 to 2019. Using a regression model, we compared the odds of cardiovascular complications between these two groups, adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors as confounding variables. RESULTS Our study included 71,361 pregnancies with IBD and 41,117,443 pregnancies without this condition. The incidence of IBD in pregnancy rose near three-fold increase over the decade. In comparison to pregnancies without IBD, those involving pregnant patients with IBD exhibited an increased likelihood of encountering cardiovascular complications, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1.37 (95% CI, 1.29-1.46). This heightened risk encompasses a range of conditions, including peripartum cardiomyopathy (AOR, 9.45; 95% CI, 3.86-23.15), cardiac arrhythmias (AOR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.59-2.60), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (AOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.37-1.66), notably preeclampsia, eclampsia, and the syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP syndrome). Pregnancies with IBD were also associated with three-fold higher odds of venous thromboembolism (AOR, 3.91; 95% CI, 1.45-10.48). CONCLUSIONS Pregnant patients with IBD had an increased odds of cardiovascular complications during delivery admissions, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted prevention strategies for this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengu Niu
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Rochester General Hospital, 1425 Portland Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA.
| | | | - Kaiwen Zhu
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Rochester General Hospital, 1425 Portland Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA
| | | | - Karin Dunnigan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA
| | - Patrick I Okolo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA
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14
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Oleas Quezada JD, Coyago Iñiguez JA, Guerrero Cevallos ER. [Peripartum cardiomyopathy with biventricular failure plus pulmonary thromboembolism and atrial septal defect]. HIPERTENSION Y RIESGO VASCULAR 2024; 41:194-197. [PMID: 38632004 DOI: 10.1016/j.hipert.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This case report examines peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), a rare variant of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, which manifests at the end of labor or puerperium. The frequency of this pathology varies globally, and its association with risk factors such as genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases, viral infections, suggests a multifactorial etiology. Diagnostic criteria include: Heart failure secondary to left ventricular systolic dysfunction, manifested in the puerperium or at the end of pregnancy and lack of other identifiable causes of heart failure. The case presents a patient with no significant personal pathological history, who, 17 days post cesarean section developed acute symptoms, including abdominal pain, dry cough and dyspnea. Clinical findings revealed hypoxemia, alterations in blood tests and an echocardiogram that confirmed an atrial septal defect. Multidisciplinary management resulted in successful treatment and the patient was discharged without complications. This case highlights the importance of MCPP, a disease with high maternal mortality. The connection between atrial septal defect and PPCM, as well as the involvement of pulmonary thromboembolism.
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Stone J, Chandrasekaran S. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Position Statement: Extending Medicaid coverage for 12 months postpartum. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 231:B12-B14. [PMID: 38588962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Position: The Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine supports federal and state policies that expand Medicaid eligibility and extend Medicaid coverage through 12 months postpartum to address the maternal morbidity and mortality crisis and improve health equity. Access to coverage is essential to optimize maternal health following pregnancy and childbirth and avoid preventable causes of maternal morbidity and mortality that extend throughout the first year postpartum. The Society opposes policies such as work requirements or limitations on coverage for undocumented individuals that unnecessarily impose restrictions on Medicaid eligibility.
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Gumilar KE, Rauf KBA, Akbar MIA, Imanadha NC, Atmojo S, Putri AY, Dachlan EG, Dekker G. Connecting the Dots: Exploring the Interplay Between Preeclampsia and Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. J Pregnancy 2024; 2024:7713590. [PMID: 38957710 PMCID: PMC11219213 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7713590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia and peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) are significant obstetric problems that can arise during or after pregnancy. Both are known to be causes of maternal mortality and morbidity. Several recent studies have suggested a link between preeclampsia and the pathophysiology of PPCM. However, the common thread that connects the two has yet to be thoroughly and fully articulated. Here, we investigate the complex dynamics of preeclampsia and PPCM in this review. Our analysis focuses mainly on inflammatory and immunological responses, endothelial dysfunction as a shared pathway, and potential genetic predisposition to both diseases. To begin, we will look at how excessive inflammatory and immunological responses can lead to clinical symptoms of both illnesses, emphasizing the role of proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells in modifying vascular and tissue responses. Second, we consider endothelial dysfunction to be a crucial point at which endothelial damage and activation contribute to pathogenesis through increased vascular permeability, vascular dysfunction, and thrombus formation. Finally, we examine recent information suggesting genetic predispositions to preeclampsia and PPCM, such as genetic variants in genes involved in the management of blood pressure, the inflammatory response, and heart structural integrity. With this synergistic study, we seek to encourage more research and creative therapy solutions by emphasizing the need for an interdisciplinary approach to understanding and managing the connection between preeclampsia and PPCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanisyah Erza Gumilar
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyFaculty of MedicineUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyHospital of Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyFaculty of MedicineUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyHospital of Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nareswari Cininta Imanadha
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyFaculty of MedicineUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyDr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Susetyo Atmojo
- National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alisia Yuana Putri
- Department of CardiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Erry Gumilar Dachlan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyFaculty of MedicineUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyDr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Gus Dekker
- Women's and Children's DivisionLyell McEwin HospitalMedical School NorthUniversity of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Banmala S, Awal S, Bata L, Adhikari P, Basnet S, Chaudhary B. Heart failure due to peripartum cardiomyopathy presenting in the first week of puerperium-A case series from Nepal. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e9043. [PMID: 38827942 PMCID: PMC11142894 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.9043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare cause of heart failure associated with pregnancy without any other known cause. With a prognosis that can vary from the complete recovery of left ventricular function to maternal mortality as well as recurrence with subsequent pregnancies, early diagnosis and treatment of PPCM is important in management. Bromocriptine treatment is beneficial effects on LVEF and mortality in women with severe acute PPCM in addition to standard heart failure therapy. However, further study is required to establish its effect in PPCM. Abstract Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare cause of heart failure associated with pregnancy without any other known cause. Most of the clinical presentation is similar to symptoms of advanced pregnancy making the diagnosis difficult. Reported are three patients who developed dyspnea, orthopnea, and dry cough during the first week of puerperium. On examination, bilateral lower limb edema and bilateral basal lung crepitation were present in all patients. Chest radiograph showed pulmonary edema in cases two and three, and pleural effusion in case one. All patients had reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and raised N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels. Case two developed PPCM in the background of left pyelonephritis. Case three was complicated by acute kidney injury. All patients were managed with bromocriptine, diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and fluid restriction. Hence, PPCM though rare should be considered as a differential in women presenting with features of heart failure in later months of pregnancy or within 5 months of delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabin Banmala
- Department of General Practice and Emergency MedicineSindhuli HospitalSindhuliNepal
| | - Shila Awal
- Department of General Practice and Emergency MedicineSuryabinayak Municipal HospitalBhaktapurNepal
| | - Lokendra Bata
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShree Birendra HospitalKathmanduNepal
| | - Priya Adhikari
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesKathmanduNepal
| | - Sarita Basnet
- Department of AnaesthesiologyDhulikhel HospitalDhulikhelNepal
| | - Babita Chaudhary
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShree Birendra HospitalKathmanduNepal
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Wallet T, Legrand L, Isnard R, Gandjbakhch E, Pousset F, Proukhnitzky J, Dommergues M, Nizard J, Charron P. Pregnancy and cardiac maternal outcomes in women with inherited cardiomyopathy: interest of the CARPREG II risk score. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:1506-1514. [PMID: 38361389 PMCID: PMC11098662 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Inherited cardiomyopathies are relatively rare but carry a high risk of cardiac maternal morbidity and mortality during pregnancy and postpartum. However, data for risk stratification are scarce. The new CARPREG II score improves prediction of prognosis in pregnancies associated with heart disease, though its role in inherited cardiomyopathies is unclear. We aim to describe characteristics and cardiac maternal outcomes in patients with inherited cardiomyopathy during pregnancy, and to evaluate the interest of the CARPREG II risk score in this population. METHODS AND RESULTS In this retrospective single-centre study, 90 consecutive pregnancies in 74 patients were included (mean age 32 ± 5 years), including 28 cases of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), 46 of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 11 of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and 5 of left ventricular noncompaction, excluding peripartum cardiomyopathy. The discriminatory power of several risk scores was assessed by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). Median CARPREG II score was 2 [0;3] and was higher in the DCM subgroup. A severe cardiac maternal complication was observed in 18 (20%) pregnancies, mainly driven by arrhythmia and heart failure (each event in 10 pregnancies), with 3 cardiovascular deaths. Forty-three pregnancies (48%) presented foetal/neonatal complications (18 premature delivery, 3 foetal/neonatal death). CARPREG II was significantly associated with cardiac maternal complications (P < 0.05 for all) and showed a higher AUC (0.782) than CARPREG (0.755), mWHO (0.697) and ZAHARA (0.604). CONCLUSIONS Pregnancy in women with inherited cardiomyopathy carries a high risk of maternal cardiovascular complications. CARPREG II is the most efficient predictor of cardiovascular complications in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wallet
- Department of Cardiology, APHP, ICAN (Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition), Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalACTION Study groupParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
| | - Lise Legrand
- Department of Cardiology, APHP, ICAN (Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition), Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalACTION Study groupParisFrance
| | - Richard Isnard
- Department of Cardiology, APHP, ICAN (Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition), Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalACTION Study groupParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
| | - Estelle Gandjbakhch
- Department of Cardiology, APHP, ICAN (Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition), Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalACTION Study groupParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
| | - Françoise Pousset
- Department of Cardiology, APHP, ICAN (Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition), Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalACTION Study groupParisFrance
| | - Julie Proukhnitzky
- Department of Cardiology, APHP, ICAN (Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition), Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalACTION Study groupParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- Department of GeneticsAPHP, National Referral Center for Inherited Cardiac Diseases, Inserm UMR_1166ParisFrance
| | - Marc Dommergues
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsAPHP, Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalParisFrance
| | - Jacky Nizard
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsAPHP, Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalParisFrance
| | - Philippe Charron
- Department of Cardiology, APHP, ICAN (Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition), Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalACTION Study groupParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- Department of GeneticsAPHP, National Referral Center for Inherited Cardiac Diseases, Inserm UMR_1166ParisFrance
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19
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Hoevelmann J, Sliwa K, Schaar JM, Briton O, Böhm M, Meyer MR, Viljoen C. Adherence to heart failure treatment in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:1677-1687. [PMID: 38439175 PMCID: PMC11098641 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is characterized by left ventricular (LV) dysfunction developing towards the end of pregnancy or in the first months postpartum. Although about 60% of women with PPCM (the majority of which are prescribed evidence based heart failure [HF] medications) show LV recovery within 6 to 12 months, others remain with persistently impaired LV function. Poor adherence to medical therapy represents a major cause of avoidable hospitalizations, disability, and death in other cardiovascular conditions. In this study, we aimed to determine drug adherence to HF therapy among women with PPCM and to identify possible associations between drug adherence and LV recovery, functional status and psychological well-being. METHODS AND RESULTS In this single-centre, prospective, observational study, we included 36 consecutive women with PPCM. Adherence to HF treatment was assessed by (i) verifying the collection of pharmacy refills and (ii) using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Participants were thereby classified as 'adherent' (i.e. all prescribed HF drugs were detectable by LC-HRMS), 'partially adherent' (i.e. at least one prescribed drug detectable) or 'non-adherent' (i.e. none of the prescribed drugs detectable). Health state index scores were assessed by EQ-5D-5L and HADS-A/D (for anxiety/depression). Patients' median age was 32.4 years (IQR 27.6-36.1). At the adherence visit (which occurred at a median of 16 months [IQR 5-45] after PPCM diagnosis), prescription included beta-blockers (77.8%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (75%), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (47.2%) and loop diuretics (95.2%). Less than two thirds of patients (63.9%) collected all their pharmacy refills in the 6 months prior to adherence visit. According to LC-HRMS, 23.5% participants were classified as adherent, 53.0% as partially adherent, and 23.5% as non-adherent. Adherence was associated with significantly lower LVEDD at follow-up (47 mm [IQR 46-52), vs. 56 mm [IQR 49-64] with partial adherence, and 62 mm [IQR 55-64] with non-adherence, P = 0.022), and higher LVEF at follow-up (60% [IQR 41-65]), vs. partially adherence (46% [IQR 34-50]) and non-adherence (41.0% [IQR 29-47], P = 014). Adherent patients had a lower overall EQ- 5D score (5.5 [IQR 5-7.5], vs. 6 [IQR 5-7] in partially adherent, and 10 [IQR 8-15] in non-adherent patients, P = 0.032) suggestive of a better self-rated health status. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to HF therapy was associated with favourable LV reverse remodelling in PPCM and better self-rated health status. Our study highlights the importance of drug adherence for functional recovery. Drug adherence should be an important component of patient communication and specific interventions in PPCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hoevelmann
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des SaarlandesSaarland University HospitalHomburg (Saar)Germany
| | - Karen Sliwa
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Division of Cardiology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Juel Maalouli Schaar
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS)Saarland UniversityHomburg (Saar)Germany
| | - Olivia Briton
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Michael Böhm
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des SaarlandesSaarland University HospitalHomburg (Saar)Germany
| | - Markus R. Meyer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS)Saarland UniversityHomburg (Saar)Germany
| | - Charle Viljoen
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Division of Cardiology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
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20
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Moreno G, Martínez-Sellés M, Vicente-Galán MJ, Vicent L. Pregnancy, Reproductive Factors, and Female Heart Failure Risk and Outcomes. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2024; 21:203-213. [PMID: 38507017 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-024-00657-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent evidence on female-specific risk factors related to reproductive status or pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS Pregnancy-related factors, including hypertensive disorders and gestational diabetes, increase the risk of heart failure in women, while breastfeeding and hormone therapy may offer protection. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome, placental abruption, younger maternal age at first live birth, younger maternal age at last live birth, number of stillbirths, number of pregnancies, onset of menstruation before 12 years of age, shorter reproductive age, ovariectomy, and prolonged absence of ovarian hormones may increase the risk of heart failure in women. Conversely, breastfeeding status and hormone therapy (for menopause or contraception) may serve as protective factors, while fertility treatments have no discernible effect on the risk of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Moreno
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular Multidisciplinar Traslacional (GICMT), Área de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez-Sellés
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Calle Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Vicente-Galán
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Consulta de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Hospital de Día/Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Vicent
- Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular Multidisciplinar Traslacional (GICMT), Área de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario, 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Falconi S, Okimi A, Wesley S, Sethi P, Datta P, Krutsch K. The concentration of maternal sacubitril/valsartan transferred into human milk is negligible. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1389513. [PMID: 38841677 PMCID: PMC11150817 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1389513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a common cause of heart failure (HF) in the peripartum. Some medications are considered safe while breastfeeding. However, sacubitril/valsartan (Entresto), while efficacious, is not recommended in breastfeeding women due to concerns about adverse infant development, and no published data suggest otherwise. Objectives This study aimed to assess the transfer of sacubitril/valsartan into human milk and evaluate the infant's risk of drug exposure. Methods The InfantRisk Human Milk Biorepository released samples and corresponding health information from five breastfeeding maternal-infant dyads exposed to sacubitril/valsartan. Sacubitril, valsartan, and LBQ657 (sacubitril active metabolite) concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) from timed samples 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 h following medication administration at steady state conditions. Results Valsartan levels were below the detection limit of 0.19 ng/mL in all milk samples. Sacubitril was measurable in all milk samples of the five participants, peaking 1 h after drug administration at a mean concentration of 1.52 ng/mL for a total infant dose of 0.00049 mg/kg/12 h and a relative infant dose (RID) calculated at 0.01%. The maximum concentration of its active metabolite LBQ657 in the milk samples was observed 4 h after medication administration and declined over the remaining 12-h dosing interval, for an average concentration of 9.5 ng/mL. The total infant dose was 0.00071 mg/kg/12 h, and the RID was 0.22%. Two mothers reported continuing to breastfeed while taking sacubitril/valsartan; both mothers stated observing no negative effects in their breastfed infants. Conclusion The transfer of sacubitril/valsartan into human milk is minimal. These concentrations are unlikely to pose a significant risk to breastfeeding infants, with a combined calculated RID of <0.25%, which is far lower than the industry safety standards (RID <10%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirin Falconi
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Abiodun Okimi
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Shaun Wesley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Pooja Sethi
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Palika Datta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Kaytlin Krutsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, United States
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22
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Qiu W, Cai A, Nie Z, Wang J, Ou Y, Feng Y. Sex Differences in the Associations of Traditional Risk Factors and Incident Heart Failure Hospitalization: A Prospective Cohort Study of 102 278 Chinese General Adults. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033777. [PMID: 38726897 PMCID: PMC11179797 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence regarding sex differences in the associations of traditional risk factors with incident heart failure (HF) hospitalization among Chinese general adults is insufficient. This study aimed to evaluate the potential sex differences in the associations of traditional risk factors with HF among Chinese general adults. METHODS AND RESULTS Data were from a subcohort of the China PEACE (Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events) Million Persons Project. The traditional risk factors were collected at baseline, and the study outcome was HF-related hospitalization identified from the Inpatients Registry. A total of 102 278 participants (mean age, 54.3 years; 39.5% men) without prevalent HF were recruited. A total of 1588 cases of HF-related hospitalization were captured after a median follow-up of 3.52 years. The incidence rates were significantly higher in men (2.1%) than in women (1.2%). However, the observed lower risk of HF in women was significantly attenuated or even vanished when several traditional risk factors were poorly controlled (P for sex-by-risk factors <0.05). The selected 11 risk factors collectively explained 62.5% (95% CI, 55.1-68.8) of population attributable fraction for HF in women, which is much higher than in men (population attributable fraction, 39.6% [95% CI, 28.5-48.9]). CONCLUSIONS Although women had a lower incidence rate of hospitalization for HF than men in this study, the risk for HF increased more remarkably in women than in men when several traditional risk factors were poorly controlled. This study suggests that intensive preventative strategies are immediately needed in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weida Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research LaboratoryGuangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Anping Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research LaboratoryGuangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhiqiang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research LaboratoryGuangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Global Health Research CenterGuangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research LaboratoryGuangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Global Health Research CenterGuangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Yanqiu Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research LaboratoryGuangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Global Health Research CenterGuangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Yingqing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research LaboratoryGuangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Global Health Research CenterGuangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
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23
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Bandyopadhyay A, Puri S, Samra T, Ashok V. Preeclamptic heart failure - perioperative concerns and management: a narrative review. Perioper Med (Lond) 2024; 13:37. [PMID: 38730290 PMCID: PMC11083801 DOI: 10.1186/s13741-024-00391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is an important cause of heart failure during pregnancy and the postpartum period. The aim of this review is to elucidate the pathophysiology and clinical features of preeclamptic heart failure and describe the medical and anesthetic management of these high-risk parturients. This article reviews the current evidence base regarding preeclamptic heart failure and its pathophysiology, types, and clinical features. We also describe the medical and anesthetic management of these patients during the peripartum period. Heart failure due to preeclampsia can present as either systolic or diastolic dysfunction. The management strategies of systolic heart failure include dietary salt restriction, diuresis, and cautious use of beta-blockers and vasodilators. Diuretics are the mainstay in the treatment of diastolic heart failure. In the absence of obstetric indications, vaginal delivery is the safest mode of delivery in these high-risk patients, and the use of an early labor epidural for analgesia is recommended. These patients would require increased invasive monitoring during labor and vaginal delivery. Neuraxial and general anesthesia have been used successfully for cesarean section in these patients but require crucial modifications of the standard technique. Uterotonic drugs have significant cardiovascular and pulmonary effects, and a clear understanding of these is essential during the management of these patients. Preeclamptics with heart failure require individualized peripartum care, as cardiac decompensation is an important risk factor for maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. These high-risk parturients benefit from timely multidisciplinary team inputs and collaborated management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjishnujit Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunaakshi Puri
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Post Graduate Institute of Child Health, Noida, India
| | - Tanvir Samra
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Vighnesh Ashok
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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24
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Katende A, Roos L, Urio VZ, Mahundi E, Myovela V, Mnzava D, Mlula C, Chitimbwa C, Raphael DM, Gingo W, Franzeck FC, Paris DH, Elzi L, Weisser M, Rohacek M. Recovery of left ventricular systolic function in peripartum cardiomyopathy: an observational study from rural Tanzania. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:243. [PMID: 38724901 PMCID: PMC11080156 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the recovery rate of the left ventricular systolic function of women diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy receiving specialized care in rural Tanzania. METHODS In this observational study, women diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy at a referral center in rural Tanzania between December 2015 and September 2021 were included. Women diagnosed between February and September 2021 were followed prospectively, those diagnosed between December 2015 and January 2021 were tracked back for a follow-up echocardiography. All participants received a clinical examination, a comprehensive echocardiogram, and a prescription of guideline-directed medical therapy. The primary outcome was recovery of the left ventricular systolic function (left ventricular ejection fraction > 50%). RESULTS Median age of the 110 participants was 28.5 years (range 17-45). At enrolment, 49 (45%) participants were already on cardiac medication, 50 (45%) had severe eccentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle, and the median left ventricular ejection fraction was 30% (range 15-46). After a median follow-up of 8.98 months (IQR 5.72-29.37), 61 (55%) participants were still on cardiac medication. Full recovery of the left ventricular systolic function was diagnosed in 76 (69%, 95% CI 59.6-77.6%) participants. In the multivariate analysis, a higher left ventricular ejection fraction at baseline was positively associated with full recovery (each 5% increase; OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.10-2.62, p = 0.012), while higher age was inversely associated (each 10 years increase; OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.19-0.82, p = 0.012). CONCLUSION Left ventricular systolic function recovered completely in 69% of study participants with peripartum cardiomyopathy from rural Tanzania under specialized care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Katende
- St. Francis Regional Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Laurine Roos
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Victor Z Urio
- St. Francis Regional Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Evance Mahundi
- St. Francis Regional Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Victor Myovela
- St. Francis Regional Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Dorcas Mnzava
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Chipegwa Mlula
- St. Francis Regional Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | | | - Dominick M Raphael
- St. Francis Regional Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Winfrid Gingo
- St. Francis Regional Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Fabian C Franzeck
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Research and analytics services, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel H Paris
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigia Elzi
- Regional Hospital of Bellinzona e Valli, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Maja Weisser
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Rohacek
- St. Francis Regional Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania.
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania.
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Kreuzstrasse 2, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland.
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25
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Papazoglou AS, Leite AR. Breaking down peripartum cardiomyopathy: A learning adventure. Letter regarding the article 'Outcomes at 1 year in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy: Findings from the ESC EORP PPCM Registry'. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:1269. [PMID: 38247173 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Rita Leite
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research and Development - Unic@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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26
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Safira A, Tjahjadi AK, Adytia GJ, Waitupu A, Sutanto H. Peripartum cardiomyopathy unveiled: Etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic insights. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102474. [PMID: 38395115 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) remains a significant challenge in maternal health, marked by its unpredictable onset and varied clinical outcomes. With rising incidence rates globally, understanding PPCM is vital for improving maternal care and prognosis. This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on PPCM, highlighting recent advancements in its diagnosis, management, and therapeutic approaches. This comprehensive review delves into the epidemiology of PPCM, underscoring its global impact and demographic variations. We explore the complex etiology of the condition, examining known risk factors and discussing the potential pathophysiological mechanisms, including oxidative stress and hormonal influences. The clinical presentation of PPCM, often similar yet distinct from other forms of cardiomyopathy, is analyzed to aid in differential diagnosis. Diagnostic challenges are addressed, emphasizing the role of advanced imaging and biomarkers. Current management strategies are reviewed, focusing on the absence of disease-specific treatments and the application of general heart failure protocols. The review also discusses the prognosis of PPCM, factors influencing recovery, and the implications for future pregnancies. Finally, we highlight emerging research directions and the urgent need for disease-specific therapies, aiming to provide a roadmap for future studies and improved patient care. This review serves as a crucial resource for clinicians and researchers, contributing to a deeper understanding and better management of PPCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardea Safira
- Internal Medicine Study Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Angela Kimberly Tjahjadi
- Internal Medicine Study Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Galih Januar Adytia
- Internal Medicine Study Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Alief Waitupu
- Internal Medicine Study Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Henry Sutanto
- Internal Medicine Study Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
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27
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Qureshi N, Kontorovich A, Veledar E, Tlachi P, Feltovich H, Mancini DM, Barghash M, Stone J, Bianco A, Shaw LJ, Lala A. Frequency and Clinical Implications of Referrals to Heart Failure Among Patients with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. J Card Fail 2024; 30:717-721. [PMID: 38158153 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare but significant cause of new-onset heart failure (HF) during the peri- and post-partum periods. Advances in GDMT for HF with reduced ventricular function have led to substantial improvements in survival and quality of life, yet few studies examine the longitudinal care received by patients with PPCM. The aim of this research is to address this gap by retrospectively characterizing patients with PPCM across a multihospital health system and investigating the frequency of cardiology and HF specialty referrals. Understanding whether surveillance and medical management differ among patients referred to HF will help to underscore the importance of referring patients with PPCM to HF specialists for optimal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Qureshi
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, New York
| | - Amy Kontorovich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Emir Veledar
- Department of Biostatistics at Robert Stempel College of Public Health Florida International University, Miami, Florida; Department of Cardiology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Pilar Tlachi
- Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Helen Feltovich
- Blavatnik Family Women's Health Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Donna M Mancini
- Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Maya Barghash
- Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Joanne Stone
- The Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Angela Bianco
- The Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Leslee J Shaw
- Blavatnik Family Women's Health Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Anuradha Lala
- Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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28
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Elkattawy O, Hamlet CA, Dikdan R, Mohamed O, Lee TJ, Hussain A, Elkattawy S, Afriyie F, Hossain A, Gardin JM. Pulmonary Embolism in Patients Admitted With Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Prevalence, Predictors, and Associated In-Hospital Adverse Events. Cureus 2024; 16:e60953. [PMID: 38910650 PMCID: PMC11193664 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is defined as an idiopathic left ventricular failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF <45%) that affects women in the last month of pregnancy or in the months after giving birth. The pathophysiology remains elusive, resulting in complications with varied severity; one of the most concerning complications is thromboembolism, specifically pulmonary embolism (PE). The purpose of this study was to characterize and evaluate the real-world prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of PE in PPCM. Methods The data were derived from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from January 2016 to December 2019. The primary outcomes assessed were baseline and hospital admission characteristics and comorbidities for patients with PPCM with or without PE. Outcomes for PPCM patients with PE and predictors of mortality for PPCM were also analyzed. Results PE developed in 105 of 4,582 patients with PPCM (2.3%). Patients with PPCM and PE had longer hospital stays (10.86 days ± 1.4 vs. 5.73 ± 0.2 days, p = 0.001) and total charges ($169,487 ± $39,628 vs. $86,116 ± $3,700, p = 0.001). Patients with PE had a higher burden of coagulopathy (13.3% vs. 3.0%, p = 0.01), intracardiac thrombus (6.7% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.01), and iron deficiency anemia (21.0% vs. 12.6%, p = 0.01). Patients without PE were found to have a higher burden of preeclampsia (14.7% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.01) and obstructive sleep apnea (5.4% vs. 1.0%, p = 0.045). Predictors of mortality in patients with PPCM included cardiogenic shock (aOR 13.42, 95% CI 7.50-24.03, p = 0.05), PE (aOR 6.60, 95% CI 2.506-17.39, p = 0.05), non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI; aOR 3.57, 95% CI 1.35-9.44, p = 0.05), chronic kidney disease (aOR 3.23, 95% CI 1.68-6.22, p = 0.05), and atrial fibrillation (aOR 2.57; 95% CI 1.25-5.30, p = 0.05). Conclusion Although an uncommon complication, PE in PPCM demonstrates an association with higher mortality and financial burden. Along with PE, we found predictors of mortality in PPCM to include atrial fibrillation, NSTEMI, chronic kidney disease, and cardiogenic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Elkattawy
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Casey A Hamlet
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Ryan Dikdan
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Omar Mohamed
- Medicine, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, USA
| | - Thomas J Lee
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Aysha Hussain
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Sherif Elkattawy
- Cardiology, St. Joseph's University Medical Center, Paterson, USA
| | - Felix Afriyie
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Afif Hossain
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Julius M Gardin
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
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Bauersachs J, Jackson AM, Sliwa K. Reply to 'Breaking down peripartum cardiomyopathy: A learning adventure'. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:1269-1270. [PMID: 38515325 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alice M Jackson
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karen Sliwa
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine and Cardiology University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Colle B, Demeure F, Higny J, Benoit M, Henry JP, Michaux I, Robaye B, Xhaët O, Gabriel L, Guedes A, Blommaert D, Dulieu N, Berners Y, Wery F, Droogmans S, Cosyns B, Luchian ML. Emerging Trends in Left Ventricular Thrombus: A Comprehensive Review of Non-Ischemic and Ischemic Cardiopathies, Including Eosinophilic Myocarditis, Chagas Cardiomyopathy, Amyloidosis, and Innovative Anticoagulant Approaches. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:948. [PMID: 38732361 PMCID: PMC11083388 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14090948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the intricate aspects of left ventricular thrombus (LVT), a potential complication in both ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. It provides a thorough understanding of left ventricular thrombus, revealing its uncommon incidence in the general population (7 cases per 10,000 patients), predominantly linked to ischemic heart diseases (ICMs) at an 80% prevalence rate. Diagnostic tools, notably transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), demonstrate varying sensitivity but remain indispensable in specific clinical contexts related to LVT as non-invasive diagnostic modalities. A detailed comparison between ICM patients and those with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) who have left ventricular thrombus reveals subtle distinctions with significant clinical implications. This analysis underscores the importance of these imaging techniques in distinguishing between the two conditions. Additionally, we explored the occurrence of LVT in specific non-ischemic cardiomyopathies, including Takotsubo syndrome, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, eosinophilic myocarditis, Chagas disease, cardiac amyloidosis, and several other conditions. The article further delves into anticoagulation strategies, thoroughly examining their impact on LVT regression and patient outcomes. Pharmacological interventions, with a focus on direct oral anticoagulants, emerge as promising alternatives; however, there is insufficient information on their efficiency and safety, especially in NICM population. In conclusion, this review highlights the complex nature of LVT, incorporating a range of etiopathogenic factors, diagnostic complexities, and evolving therapeutic approaches. It emphasizes the pressing need for ongoing research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Colle
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Fabian Demeure
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Julien Higny
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Martin Benoit
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Jean-Philippe Henry
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Michaux
- Department of Intensive Care, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Benoit Robaye
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Olivier Xhaët
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Laurence Gabriel
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Antoine Guedes
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Dominique Blommaert
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Dulieu
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Yannick Berners
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Fabian Wery
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Steven Droogmans
- Department of Cardiology, Centrum voor Hart-en Vaatziekten, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Cosyns
- Department of Cardiology, Centrum voor Hart-en Vaatziekten, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria-Luiza Luchian
- Department of Cardiology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne, Av. Dr. G. Thérasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
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Jackson AM, Goland S, Farhan HA, Yaseen IF, Prameswari HS, Böhm M, Jhund PS, Maggioni AP, van der Meer P, Sliwa K, Bauersachs J, Petrie MC. A novel score to predict left ventricular recovery in peripartum cardiomyopathy derived from the ESC EORP Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Registry. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1430-1439. [PMID: 38282532 PMCID: PMC11032708 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There are no established clinical tools to predict left ventricular (LV) recovery in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). Using data from women enrolled in the ESC EORP PPCM Registry, the aim was to derive a prognostic model to predict LV recovery at 6 months and develop the 'ESC EORP PPCM Recovery Score'-a tool for clinicians to estimate the probability of LV recovery. METHODS From 2012 to 2018, 752 women from 51 countries were enrolled. Eligibility included (i) a peripartum state, (ii) signs or symptoms of heart failure, (iii) LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 45%, and (iv) exclusion of alternative causes of heart failure. The model was derived using data from participants in the Registry and internally validated using bootstrap methods. The outcome was LV recovery (LVEF ≥50%) at six months. An integer score was created. RESULTS Overall, 465 women had a 6-month echocardiogram. LV recovery occurred in 216 (46.5%). The final model included baseline LVEF, baseline LV end diastolic diameter, human development index (a summary measure of a country's social and economic development), duration of symptoms, QRS duration and pre-eclampsia. The model was well-calibrated and had good discriminatory ability (C-statistic 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-0.83). The model was internally validated (optimism-corrected C-statistic 0.78, 95% CI 0.73-0.82). CONCLUSIONS A model which accurately predicts LV recovery at 6 months in women with PPCM was derived. The corresponding ESC EORP PPCM Recovery Score can be easily applied in clinical practice to predict the probability of LV recovery for an individual in order to guide tailored counselling and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice M Jackson
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sorel Goland
- The Heart Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
- Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University, Jerusalem
| | - Hasan Ali Farhan
- Iraqi Board for Medical Specializations, Scientific Council of Cardiology, Baghdad Heart Center, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Israa Fadhil Yaseen
- Iraqi Board for Medical Specializations, Scientific Council of Cardiology, Baghdad Heart Center, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Michael Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Firenze, Italy
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Sliwa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine and Cardiology University of Cape Town, Cape Heart Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark C Petrie
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Angeli E, Jordan M, Otto M, Stojanović SD, Karsdal M, Bauersachs J, Thum T, Fiedler J, Genovese F. The role of fibrosis in cardiomyopathies: An opportunity to develop novel biomarkers of disease activity. Matrix Biol 2024; 128:65-78. [PMID: 38423395 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies encompass a spectrum of heart disorders with diverse causes and presentations. Fibrosis stands out as a shared hallmark among various cardiomyopathies, reflecting a common thread in their pathogenesis. This prevalent fibrotic response is intricately linked to the consequences of dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, emphasizing its significance in the development and progression the disease. This review explores the ECM involvement in various cardiomyopathies and its impact on myocardial stiffness and fibrosis. Additionally, we discuss the potential of ECM fragments as early diagnosis, prognosis, and risk stratification. Biomarkers deriving from turnover of collagens and other ECM proteins hold promise in clinical applications. We outline current clinical management, future directions, and the potential for personalized ECM-targeted therapies with specific focus on microRNAs. In summary, this review examines the role of the fibrosis in cardiomyopathies, highlighting the potential of ECM-derived biomarkers in improving disease management with implications for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet Angeli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Maria Jordan
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Mandy Otto
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Stevan D Stojanović
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany; Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | | | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Jan Fiedler
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Federica Genovese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Rakisheva A, Sliwa K, Bauersachs J, Van Linthout S, Chopra VK, Bayes-Genis A, Fruzzetti F, Cannatà A, Deniau B, Mebazaa A, Savarese G, Ray R, Vitale C, Metra M, Rosano GMC. Multidisciplinary care of peripartum heart failure: A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:742-753. [PMID: 38679896 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is the most common cardiovascular complication during pregnancy and the postpartum period. It is associated with increased risk of maternal morbidity and mortality as well as potentially life-threatening foetal pathology. Management of heart failure in pregnancy requires expert knowledge of cardiovascular disease as well as obstetrics which underscores the importance of multidisciplinary cardio-obstetrics teams in order to optimize diagnosis, treatment and outcome. This includes counselling of women at risk before and during the course of pregnancy in order to strengthen the relationship between medical specialists and patients, as well as to allow patient-centred delivery of care and improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Rakisheva
- Department of Cardiology, City Cardiology Center, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Qonaev City Hospital, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Karen Sliwa
- Cape Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Institut del Cor, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Franca Fruzzetti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Cannatà
- King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Deniau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Burn Unit, University Hospital Saint-Louis - Lariboisière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR-S 942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stress Condition (MASCOT), Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
- FHU PROMICE, DMU Parabol, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Burn Unit, University Hospital Saint-Louis - Lariboisière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR-S 942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stress Condition (MASCOT), Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
- FHU PROMICE, DMU Parabol, Paris, France
| | - Gianluigi Savarese
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robin Ray
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Cristiana Vitale
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Marco Metra
- Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Karabayir I, Wilkie G, Celik T, Butler L, Chinthala L, Ivanov A, Moore Simas TA, Davis RL, Akbilgic O. Development and validation of an electrocardiographic artificial intelligence model for detection of peripartum cardiomyopathy. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2024; 6:101337. [PMID: 38447673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2024.101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study used electrocardiogram data in conjunction with artificial intelligence methods as a noninvasive tool for detecting peripartum cardiomyopathy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the efficacy of an artificial intelligence-based heart failure detection model for peripartum cardiomyopathy detection. STUDY DESIGN We first built a deep-learning model for heart failure detection using retrospective data at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center. Cases were adult and nonpregnant female patients with a heart failure diagnosis; controls were adult nonpregnant female patients without heart failure. The model was then tested on an independent cohort of pregnant women at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center with or without peripartum cardiomyopathy. We also tested the model in an external cohort of pregnant women at Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist. Key outcomes were assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. We also repeated our analysis using only lead I electrocardiogram as an input to assess the feasibility of remote monitoring via wearables that can capture single-lead electrocardiogram data. RESULTS The University of Tennessee Health Science Center heart failure cohort comprised 346,339 electrocardiograms from 142,601 patients. In this cohort, 60% of participants were Black and 37% were White, with an average age (standard deviation) of 53 (19) years. The heart failure detection model achieved an area under the curve of 0.92 on the holdout set. We then tested the ability of the heart failure model to detect peripartum cardiomyopathy in an independent University of Tennessee Health Science Center cohort of pregnant women and an external Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist cohort of pregnant women. The independent University of Tennessee Health Science Center cohort included 158 electrocardiograms from 115 patients; our deep-learning model achieved an area under the curve of 0.83 (0.77-0.89) for this data set. The external Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist cohort involved 80 electrocardiograms from 43 patients; our deep-learning model achieved an area under the curve of 0.94 (0.91-0.98) for this data set. For identifying peripartum cardiomyopathy diagnosed ≥10 days after delivery, the model achieved an area under the curve of 0.88 (0.81-0.94) for the University of Tennessee Health Science Center cohort and of 0.96 (0.93-0.99) for the Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist cohort. When we repeated our analysis by building a heart failure detection model using only lead-I electrocardiograms, we obtained similarly high detection accuracies, with areas under the curve of 0.73 and 0.93 for the University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist cohorts, respectively. CONCLUSION Artificial intelligence can accurately detect peripartum cardiomyopathy from electrocardiograms alone. A simple electrocardiographic artificial intelligence-based peripartum screening could result in a timelier diagnosis. Given that results with 1-lead electrocardiogram data were similar to those obtained using all 12 leads, future studies will focus on remote screening for peripartum cardiomyopathy using smartwatches that can capture single-lead electrocardiogram data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Karabayir
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (Drs Karabayir, Celik, Butler, Ivanov, and Akbilgic)
| | - Gianna Wilkie
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA (Drs Wilkie and Simas)
| | - Turgay Celik
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (Drs Karabayir, Celik, Butler, Ivanov, and Akbilgic)
| | - Liam Butler
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (Drs Karabayir, Celik, Butler, Ivanov, and Akbilgic)
| | - Lokesh Chinthala
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN (Mr Chinthala and Dr Davis)
| | - Alexander Ivanov
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (Drs Karabayir, Celik, Butler, Ivanov, and Akbilgic)
| | - Tiffany A Moore Simas
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA (Drs Wilkie and Simas)
| | - Robert L Davis
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN (Mr Chinthala and Dr Davis)
| | - Oguz Akbilgic
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (Drs Karabayir, Celik, Butler, Ivanov, and Akbilgic).
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35
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Prameswari HS, Dewi TI, Hasan M, Martanto E, Astuti A, Saboe A, Cool CJ. Clinical Presentation and 6-Month Outcomes of Patients with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in Indonesia. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:1073-1083. [PMID: 38529099 PMCID: PMC10962360 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s447214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the rarity of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) globally, baseline characteristic data for PPCM patients are still scarce. Therefore, this study aims to determine the baseline characteristics and 6-month outcomes of PPCM patients in Indonesia. Methods From January 2014 to December 2021, all PPCM patients aged ≥18 years who were admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia, participated in this single-center, prospective cohort study. All patients were re-evaluated within 6 months of PPCM diagnosis. Results A total of 138 patients with PPCM were admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung. The mean age of all patients was 30.4 ± 6.4 years old. Approximately 60% patients were multipara and had preeclampsia. All guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure was received by most patients, excluding mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (25.2%) and bromocriptine (14.1%). The neonatal mortality rate was 5.1%. Among those who survived, 61.2% had normal weight, 31.8% had low birth weight, and 7% had very low birth weight. At the 6-month follow-up, 6.7% of the patients died, 63.3% recovered, and 1.9% were rehospitalized. Conclusion The present study found a high incidence of PPCM in Indonesia. Our patients frequently had preeclampsia, which contributed to the higher rate of miscarriage and low birth weight. Our liberal use of beta-blockers and ACEi/ARB may have contributed to the higher 6-month recovery rate than that in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawani Sasmaya Prameswari
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Triwedya Indra Dewi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Melawati Hasan
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Erwan Martanto
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Astri Astuti
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Aninka Saboe
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Charlotte Johanna Cool
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
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Lee SU, Park JY, Hong S, Wie JH, Shin JE, Choi SK, Kim WJ, Kim YH, Jo YS, Park IY, Kil K, Ko HS. Risk factors for pregnancy-associated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:211. [PMID: 38509461 PMCID: PMC10953203 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06402-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pregnancy-associated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasing and contributing to maternal morbidity, little is known about its impact on pregnancy. We examined the risk factors for and adverse pregnancy outcomes of HFpEF in pregnant women. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of pregnancy-related hospitalizations from 2009 to 2020 using the perinatal database of seven multicenters. Cases of HFpEF were identified using the International Classification of Diseases and echocardiography findings. The patients were categorized into the HFpEF and control groups. Risk factors were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis to generate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Furthermore, adjusted associations between HFpEF and adverse pregnancy outcomes were determined. Risk scores for the stratification of women at a high risk of HFpEF were calculated using a statistical scoring model. RESULTS Of the 34,392 women identified, 258 (0.76%) were included in the HFpEF group. In multivariate analysis, HFpEF was significantly associated with old maternal age (OR, 1.04; 95% CI 1.02-1.07), multiple pregnancy (OR, 2.22; 95% CI 1.53-3.23), rheumatic disease (OR, 2.56; 95% CI 1.54-4.26), pregnancy induce hypertension (OR 6.02; 95% CI 3.61-10.05), preeclampsia (OR 24.66; 95% CI 18.61-32.66), eclampsia or superimposed preeclampsia (OR 32.74; 95% CI 21.60-49.64) and transfusion in previous pregnancy (OR 3.89; 95% CI 1.89-8.01). A scoring model to predict HFpEF with those factors achieved an area under the curve of 0.78 at cutoff value of 3. Women with HFpEF also had increased odds ratios of intensive care unit admission during the perinatal period (odds ratio, 5.98; 95% confidence interval, 4.36-8.21) and of postpartum hemorrhage (odds ratio, 5.98; 95% confidence interval, 2.02-3.64). CONCLUSIONS Pregnancy-associated HFpEF is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. A scoring model may contribute to screening HFpEF using echocardiography and preparing adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Ui Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Young Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Subeen Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ha Wie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Eun Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Kyung Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Jeng Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Sung Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Yang Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kicheol Kil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medine, The Catholic University of Korea, 10, 63-Ro, Yeongdeungpo-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Sun Ko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea.
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Elkattawy O, Sabra A, Patel S, Elkattawy S, Delorenzo J, Kumar N, Abdeen M, Elsamna H, Shamoon F. Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Prevalence, Predictors, and Associated In-Hospital Adverse Events. Cureus 2024; 16:e56386. [PMID: 38633921 PMCID: PMC11022975 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) among patients admitted with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) as well as to analyze the independent association of VT with in-hospital outcomes among PPCM patients. Methods Data were obtained from the National Inpatient Sample from January 2016 to December 2019. We assessed predictors of VT in patients admitted with PPCM. We also assessed the independent association of VT with clinical outcomes among patients admitted with PPCM. Results From 2016 to 2019, 4730 patients with PPCM were reported to the national inpatient sample database, 309 of which developed VT (6.5%). Using multivariate analysis, we found predictors of VT to include patient characteristics and factors such as age (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.020, p=0.023), chronic kidney disease (aOR=1.440, p=0.048), coagulopathy (aOR=1.964, p=0.006), and atrial fibrillation (aOR=3.965, p<0.001). Conversely, pre-eclampsia was significantly associated with a decreased risk of VT in PPCM patients (aOR=0.218, p=0.001). Conclusion In a large cohort of patients admitted with peripartum cardiomyopathy, we found the prevalence of VT to be 6.5%. Risk factors for VT in this patient population included conditions such as coagulopathy and atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Elkattawy
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Ahmed Sabra
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Sanjna Patel
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Sherif Elkattawy
- Cardiology, Saint Joseph's University Medical Center, Paterson, USA
| | - Julia Delorenzo
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Navina Kumar
- Internal Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Mariam Abdeen
- Internal Medicine, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, USA
| | - Hassan Elsamna
- College of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA
| | - Fayez Shamoon
- Cardiology, Saint Joseph's University Medical Center, Paterson, USA
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Sivalingam D, Ajith Kumar AK, Shashank MR, Murthy PR, Venkatesha Gupta KV. COVID-19 complicating pregnancy: A retrospective study of nine intensive care unit patients. Obstet Med 2024; 17:28-35. [PMID: 38655195 PMCID: PMC10183341 DOI: 10.1177/1753495x231169849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background With the emergence of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it was essential to determine the impact of this disease on pregnant women and neonatal outcomes. In this study, we present a series of nine cases of pregnant women with COVID-19 disease requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Methods We retrospectively collected clinical data of pregnant women with COVID-19 disease admitted to ICU between September 2020 and September 2021. Results Most common presenting symptom was cough. Two patients had no respiratory symptoms at presentation. Five of the nine patients required invasive mechanical ventilation. Seven patients required caesarean section, four of whom delivered preterm. There were no maternal or neonatal deaths. Conclusions Although maternal and neonatal outcomes reported in our study are encouraging, it is imperative to emphasize the importance of an individualized, multidisciplinary approach, and good healthcare infrastructure for optimal management of this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sivalingam
- Liver Transplant Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Rela Institute and Medical Center, Chennai, India
| | - AK Ajith Kumar
- Critical Care Medicine, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - MR Shashank
- Critical Care Medicine, Aster CMI Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Pooja R Murthy
- Critical Care Medicine, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India
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Ejim EC, Karaye KM, Antia S, Isiguzo GC, Njoku PO. Peripartum cardiomyopathy in low- and middle-income countries. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2024; 93:102476. [PMID: 38395024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) causes pregnancy-associated heart failure, typically during the last month of pregnancy, and up to 6 months post-partum, in women without known cardiovascular disease. PPCM is a global disease, but with a significant geographical variability within and between countries. Its true incidence in Africa is still unknown because of the lack of a PPCM population-based study. The variability in the epidemiology of PPCM between and within countries could be due to differences in the prevalence of both genetic and non-genetic risk factors. Several risk factors have been implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of PPCM over the years. Majority of patients with PPCM present with symptoms and signs of congestive cardiac failure. Diagnostic work up in PPCM is prompted by strong clinical suspicion, but Echocardiography is the main imaging technique for diagnosis. The management of PPCM involves multiple disciplines - cardiologists, anaesthetists, intensivists, obstetricians, neonatologists, and the prognosis varies widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel C Ejim
- Department of Medicine, University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
| | - Kamilu M Karaye
- Bayero University & Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria.
| | - Samuel Antia
- Department of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
| | - Godsent C Isiguzo
- Department of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
| | - Paschal O Njoku
- Department of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
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Sliwa K, van der Meer P, Viljoen C, Jackson AM, Petrie MC, Mebazaa A, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Maggioni AP, Laroche C, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Tavazzi L, Roos-Hesselink JW, Hamdan R, Frogoudaki A, Ibrahim B, Farhan HAF, Mbakwem A, Seferovic P, Böhm M, Pieske B, Johnson MR, Bauersachs J. Socio-economic factors determine maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy: A study of the ESC EORP PPCM registry. Int J Cardiol 2024; 398:131596. [PMID: 37979788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a global disease with substantial morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to analyze to what extent socioeconomic factors were associated with maternal and neonatal outcomes. METHODS In 2011, >100 national and affiliated member cardiac societies of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) were contacted to contribute to a global PPCM registry, under the auspices of the ESC EORP Programme. We investigated the characteristics and outcomes of women with PPCM and their babies according to individual and country-level sociodemographic factors (Gini index coefficient [GINI index], health expenditure [HE] and human developmental index [HDI]). RESULTS 739 women from 49 countries (Europe [33%], Africa [29%], Asia-Pacific [15%], Middle East [22%]) were enrolled. Low HDI was associated with greater left ventricular (LV) dilatation at time of diagnosis. However, baseline LV ejection fraction did not differ according to sociodemographic factors. Countries with low HE prescribed guideline-directed heart failure therapy less frequently. Six-month mortality was higher in countries with low HE; and LV non-recovery in those with low HDI, low HE and lower levels of education. Maternal outcome (death, re-hospitalization, or persistent LV dysfunction) was independently associated with income. Neonatal death was significantly more common in countries with low HE and low HDI, but was not influenced by maternal income or education attainment. CONCLUSIONS Maternal and neonatal outcomes depend on country-specific socioeconomic characteristics. Attempts should therefore be made to allocate adequate resources to health and education, to improve maternal and fetal outcomes in PPCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Sliwa
- Cape Heart Institute, Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Charle Viljoen
- Cape Heart Institute, Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alice M Jackson
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mark C Petrie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospitals Saint Louis-Lariboisière Paris, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | - Aldo P Maggioni
- ANMCO Research Centre, Firenze, Italy; EURObservational Research Programme, European Society of Cardiology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Cecile Laroche
- EURObservational Research Programme, European Society of Cardiology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Berlin Institute of Gender in Medicine (GiM), Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | | | - Righab Hamdan
- Cardiology Department, Al Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Hasan Ali Farhan Farhan
- Iraqi Board for Medical Specializations, Scientific Council of Cardiology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad Heart Center, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Amam Mbakwem
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Petar Seferovic
- University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Michael Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mark R Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Kirovakov Z, Kutsarov A, Todorov S, Penchev P. Vertigo During Pregnancy: A Narrative Review of the Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment. Cureus 2024; 16:e55657. [PMID: 38495964 PMCID: PMC10944550 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
From the time of conception until the time of labor, a woman's body and mind undergo a variety of hormonal and other changes. Patients may also experience vertigo and a lack of balance during this period. Disabling and physically painful, these symptoms may strike at any moment. Pregnancy-related vertigo has been the focus of several studies. We looked at the research on vertigo in pregnant women in detail. This narrative review aims to examine the causes, pathophysiology, and current treatments for vertigo during pregnancy. Vertigo during pregnancy has a diverse etiology, with typical causes including hormonal changes and modifications in vascular dynamics. Vertigo may start to appear due to pathophysiological mechanisms involving vestibular and central nervous system adaptations. Numerous alternatives for treatment are available, including dietary changes, vestibular therapy, medicines, and surgical procedures. The thorough assessment of the current research on vertigo during pregnancy provided by this narrative review will help medical practitioners make wise clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlatko Kirovakov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital for Active Treatment - Burgas, Burgas, BGR
- Faculty of Public Health and Health Care, Prof. Asen Zlatarov University, Burgas, BGR
| | - Asen Kutsarov
- Department of Health Care, Medical University Varna, Affiliate Veliko Tarnovo, Veliko Tarnovo, BGR
| | - Svetoslav Todorov
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospital for Active Treatment - Burgas, Burgas, BGR
- Faculty of Medicine, Prof. Asen Zlatarov University, Burgas, BGR
| | - Plamen Penchev
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR
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Park S, Kim M, Lee DI, Lee JH, Kim S, Lee SY, Bae JW, Hwang KK, Kim DW, Cho MC, Bae DH. Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment of catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy-associated pheochromocytoma: a case report. Acute Crit Care 2024; 39:194-198. [PMID: 35545235 PMCID: PMC11002611 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2021.01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The main mechanism of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is catecholamine-induced acute myocardial stunning. Pheochromocytoma, a catecholamine-secreting tumor, can cause several cardiovascular complications, including hypertensive crisis, myocardial infarction, toxic myocarditis, and TCM. A 29-year-old woman presented to our hospital with general weakness, vomiting, dyspnea, and chest pain. The patient was nullipara, 28 weeks' gestation, and had a cachexic morphology. Her cardiac enzyme levels were elevated and bedside echocardiography showed apical akinesia, suggesting TCM. The next day, she could not feel the fetal movement, and an emergency cesarean section was performed. After delivery, the patient experienced cardiac arrest and was transferred to the intensive care unit for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Spontaneous circulation returned after 28 minutes of CPR, but cardiogenic shock continued, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was initiated. On the third day of ECMO maintenance, left ventricular ejection fraction improved and blood pressure stabilized. On the eighth day after ECMO insertion, it was removed. However, complications of the left leg vessels occurred, and several surgeries and interventions were performed. A left adrenal gland mass was found on computed tomography and was removed while repairing the leg vessels. Pheochromocytoma was diagnosed and left adrenalectomy was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangshin Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Dae In Lee
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Lee
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sangmin Kim
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Yeub Lee
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jang-Whan Bae
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kyung-Kuk Hwang
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Dong-Woon Kim
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Myeong-Chan Cho
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Dae-Hwan Bae
- Regional Cardiovascular Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
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Imran TF, Ataklte F, Khalid M, Lopez D, Mohebali D, Bello NA, Gaziano JM, Djousse L, Arany Z, Sabe MA, French K, Poppas A, Wu W, Choudhary G. Clinical predictors of right ventricular dysfunction and association with adverse outcomes in peripartum cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:422-432. [PMID: 38030384 PMCID: PMC10804155 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We sought to identify factors associated with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and association with adverse outcomes in peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a multi-centre cohort study to identify subjects with PPCM with the following criteria: left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%, development of heart failure within the last month of pregnancy or 5 months of delivery, and no other identifiable cause of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Outcomes included a composite of (i) major adverse events (need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ventricular assist device, orthotopic heart transplantation, or death) or (ii) recurrent heart failure hospitalization. RV function was obtained from echocardiogram reports. In total, 229 women (1993-2017) met criteria for PPCM. Mean age was 32.4 ± 6.8 years, 28% were of African descent, 50 (22%) had RV dysfunction, and 38 (17%) had PASP ≥ 30 mmHg. After a median follow-up of 3.4 years (interquartile range 1.0-8.8), 58 (25%) experienced the composite outcome of adverse events. African descent, family history of cardiomyopathy, LVEF, and PASP were significant predictors of RV dysfunction. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we found that women with RV dysfunction were three times more likely to experience the adverse composite outcome: hazard ratio 3.21 (95% confidence interval: 1.11-9.28), P = 0.03, in a multivariable model adjusting for age, race, body mass index, preeclampsia, hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, and LVEF. Women with PASP ≥ 30 mmHg had a lower probability of survival free from adverse events (log-rank P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS African descent and family history of cardiomyopathy were significant predictors of RV dysfunction. RV dysfunction and elevated PASP were significantly associated with a composite of major adverse cardiac events. This at-risk group may prompt closer monitoring or early referral for advanced therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasnim F. Imran
- Providence VA Medical CenterWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown University830 Chalkstone AveProvidenceRI02809USA
- Lifespan Cardiovascular InstituteWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Feven Ataklte
- Providence VA Medical CenterWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown University830 Chalkstone AveProvidenceRI02809USA
- Lifespan Cardiovascular InstituteWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Mahnoor Khalid
- Lifespan Cardiovascular InstituteWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Diana Lopez
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and the VA Boston Healthcare SystemHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | | | - Natalie A. Bello
- Smidt Heart InstituteCedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and the VA Boston Healthcare SystemHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Luc Djousse
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and the VA Boston Healthcare SystemHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Zolt Arany
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Marwa A. Sabe
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Katharine French
- Lifespan Cardiovascular InstituteWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Athena Poppas
- Lifespan Cardiovascular InstituteWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Wen‐Chih Wu
- Providence VA Medical CenterWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown University830 Chalkstone AveProvidenceRI02809USA
- Lifespan Cardiovascular InstituteWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Gaurav Choudhary
- Providence VA Medical CenterWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown University830 Chalkstone AveProvidenceRI02809USA
- Lifespan Cardiovascular InstituteWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
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Yurista S, Wadhera P, Eder RA, Elkayam U, Siddiqi OK. Peripartum HFpEF: Identification of a Novel Phenotype and the Need for Cardio-Obstetrics Management. JACC. ADVANCES 2024; 3:100799. [PMID: 38939402 PMCID: PMC11198047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Salva Yurista
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Priya Wadhera
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert A. Eder
- New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Uri Elkayam
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Omar K. Siddiqi
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Yao JV, Wong J, Aggarwal A. A rare case of peripartum cardiomyopathy complicated by renal and splenic infarctions. Med J Aust 2024; 220:17-19. [PMID: 38058001 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.52184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
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Arany Z. Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 2024; 390:154-164. [PMID: 38197818 DOI: 10.1056/nejmra2306667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Arany
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Ardissino M, Halliday BP, de Marvao A. The global landscape of peripartum cardiomyopathy: Morbidity, mortality, recovery and inequity. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:43-45. [PMID: 38013247 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Ardissino
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Brian P Halliday
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Antonio de Marvao
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Peterson AN, Hickerson LC, Pschirrer ER, Friend LB, Taub CC. Management of Friedreich Ataxia-Associated Cardiomyopathy in Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature. Am J Cardiol 2024; 210:118-129. [PMID: 37838071 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
A major manifestation of Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is cardiomyopathy, caused by mitochondrial proliferation in myocytes. Because the lifespan for patients with FRDA improves with better treatment modalities, more patients are becoming pregnant, meaning that more medical providers must know how to care for this population. This report provides a review of the literature on multidisciplinary management of pregnant patients with FRDA and cardiomyopathy from preconception through lactation. A cardio-obstetrics team, including cardiology, anesthesiology, and obstetrics, should be involved for this entire period. All patients should be counseled on pregnancy risk using elements of existing stratification systems, and contraception should be discussed, highlighting the safety of intrauterine devices. Electrocardiogram should be obtained at baseline and each trimester, looking for atrial arrhythmias and ST-segment changes, as should transthoracic echocardiogram, with a focus on left ventricular ejection fraction-which is typically normal in FRDA cardiomyopathy-and relative wall thickness and global longitudinal strain-which tend to decrease as cardiomyopathy progresses. Brain natriuretic peptide is also a helpful marker to detect adverse events. If heart failure develops, it should be treated like any other etiology of heart failure during pregnancy. Atrial arrhythmias should be treated with β blockers or electrical cardioversion and anticoagulation, as necessary. Most patients with FRDA can deliver vaginally, and neuraxial analgesia is recommended during labor because of the risks associated with general anesthesia. Breastfeeding is encouraged, even for those taking cardiac medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh N Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Leigh C Hickerson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - E Rebecca Pschirrer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Lynsy B Friend
- Heart and Vascular Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Cynthia C Taub
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
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Greer OYO, Anandanadesan R, Shah NM, Price S, Johnson MR. Cardiogenic shock in pregnancy. BJOG 2024; 131:127-139. [PMID: 37794623 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac disease complicates 1%-4% of pregnancies globally, with a predominance in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Increasing maternal age, rates of obesity, cardiovascular comorbidities, pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes all contribute to acquired cardiovascular disease in pregnancy. Additionally, improved survival in congenital heart disease (CHD) has led to increasing numbers of women with CHD undergoing pregnancy. Implementation of individualised care plans formulated through pre-conception counselling and based on national and international guidance have contributed to improved clinical outcomes. However, there remains a significant proportion of women of reproductive age with no apparent comorbidities or risk factors that develop heart disease during pregnancy, with no indication for pre-conception counselling. The most extreme manifestation of cardiac disease is cardiogenic shock (CS), where the primary cardiac pathology results in inadequate cardiac output and hypoperfusion, and is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Key to management is early recognition, intervention to treat any potentially reversible underlying pathology and supportive measures, up to and including mechanical circulatory support (MCS). In this narrative review we discuss recent developments in the classification of CS, and how these may be adapted to improve outcomes of pregnant women with, or at risk of developing, this potentially lethal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orene Y O Greer
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rathai Anandanadesan
- Departments of Cardiology and Intensive Care, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Critical Care, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nishel M Shah
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Susanna Price
- Departments of Cardiology and Intensive Care, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark R Johnson
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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50
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Jackson AM, Bauersachs J, Petrie MC, van der Meer P, Laroche C, Farhan HA, Frogoudaki A, Ibrahim B, Fouad DA, Damasceno A, Karaye K, Goland S, Maggioni AP, Briton O, Sliwa K. Outcomes at one year in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy: Findings from the ESC EORP PPCM Registry. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:34-42. [PMID: 37823238 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS There are few prospective reports of 1-year outcomes for women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). We report findings from the European Society of Cardiology EURObservational Research Programme PPCM Registry. METHODS AND RESULTS The registry enrolled women from 51 countries from 2012 to 2018. Eligibility included: (i) a peripartum state, (ii) signs or symptoms of heart failure, (iii) left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction ≤45%, (iv) exclusion of alternative causes of heart failure. We report mortality, thromboembolism, stroke, rehospitalization, LV recovery and remodelling at 1 year. Differences between regions were compared. One-year mortality data were available in 535 (71%) women and follow-up differed across regions. At 1 year, death from any cause occurred in 8.4% of women, with regional variation (Europe 4.9%, Africa 6.5%, Asia-Pacific 9.2%, Middle East 18.9%; p < 0.001). The frequencies of thromboembolism and stroke were 6.3% and 2.5%, respectively, and were similar across regions. A total of 14.0% of women had at least one rehospitalization and 3.5% had recurrent rehospitalizations (i.e. two or more). Overall, 66.1% of women had recovery of LV function (22% between 6 months and 1 year), with a mean LV ejection fraction increase from baseline of 21.2% (±13.6). Recovery occurred most frequently in Asia-Pacific (77.5%) and least frequently in the Middle East (32.7%). There were significant regional differences in the use of heart failure pharmacotherapies. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 1 in 12 women with PPCM had died by 1 year and thromboembolism and stroke occurred in 6.3% and 2.5%, respectively. Around 1 in 7 women had been rehospitalized and, in 1 in 3, LV recovery had not occurred. PPCM is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice M Jackson
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark C Petrie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cecile Laroche
- EURObservational Research Programme, European Society of Cardiology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Hasan Ali Farhan
- Iraqi Board for Medical Specializations, Scientific Council of Cardiology, Baghdad Heart Center/Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Bassem Ibrahim
- Department of Cardiology, North Cumbria University Hospital, Carlisle, UK
| | - Doaa A Fouad
- Department of Cardiology, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | | | - Kamilu Karaye
- Department of Medicine, Bayero University and Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Sorel Goland
- The Heart Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- EURObservational Research Programme, European Society of Cardiology, Sophia Antipolis, France
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Olivia Briton
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine and Cardiology University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karen Sliwa
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine and Cardiology University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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