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Necula D, Riviere-Cazaux C, Shen Y, Zhou M. Insight into the roles of CCR5 in learning and memory in normal and disordered states. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 92:1-9. [PMID: 33276089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As cognitive impairments continue to rise in prevalence, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of learning and memory in normal and disordered states. C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) has been implicated in the regulation of multiple forms of learning and memory via its regulation on learning-related cell signaling and neuronal plasticity. As a chemokine receptor and a co-receptor for HIV, CCR5's role in immune response and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) has been widely studied. In contrast, CCR5 is less understood in cognitive deficits associated with other disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), stroke and certain psychiatric disorders. A broad overview of the present literature shows that CCR5 acts as a potent suppressor of synaptic plasticity and learning and memory, although a few studies have reported the opposite effect of CCR5 in stroke or AD animal models. By summarizing the current literature of CCR5 in animal and human studies of cognition, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of CCR5 in learning and memory in both normal and disordered states and to discuss the possibility of CCR5 suppression as an effective therapeutic to alleviate cognitive deficits in HAND, AD, and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Necula
- Department of Neuroscience, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cecile Riviere-Cazaux
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Yang Shen
- Neurobiology, Psychiatry and Psychology Departments & Integrative Center for Learning and Memory, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Miou Zhou
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA.
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Chang HW, Kanegasaki S, Jin F, Deng Y, You Z, Chang J, Kim DY, Timilshina M, Kim J, Lee YJ, Toyama‐Sorimachi N, Tsuchiya T. A common signaling pathway leading to degranulation in mast cells and its regulation by CCR1-ligand. Allergy 2020; 75:1371-1381. [PMID: 31954080 DOI: 10.1111/all.14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal transduction pathways mediated by various receptors expressed on mast cells are thought to be complex, and inhibitory signals that turn off activating signals are not known. METHODS Upstream signaling cascades mediated by several known receptors in bone marrow-derived mast cells that lead to degranulation and mediator release were studied by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. Small interfering RNAs and knockout mice were used to confirm findings. RESULTS All ligands tested including IgE/Ag, SCF, HSP70, CCL3, and its valiant eMIP induced phosphorylation of linker for activation of T cells (LAT), which triggered their receptor-mediated downstream signaling cascades that controlled degranulation and mediator release. Phosphorylation of lymphocyte-specific protein kinase (Lck) was induced by each ligand, which commonly played an indispensable role in LAT phosphorylation. In contrast, phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase was additionally induced in cells stimulated only with IgE/Ag and SCF, which is also associated with LAT phosphorylation in part. Degranulation and mediator release induced by IgE/Ag, SCF, or HSP70 were enhanced by nanomolar doses of CCR1 ligands CCL3 and eMIP via enhanced LAT phosphorylation. On the other hand, micromolar doses of CCR1 ligand inhibited degranulation and mediator release from mast cells stimulated with IgE/Ag, SCF, or HSP70 by de-phosphorylation of phosphorylated Lck with Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1. CONCLUSIONS Linker for activation of T cells plays a central role in signal transduction pathways in mast cells stimulated with any ligand tested. Dose-dependent alternate costimulation and inhibition of CCR1 ligands in IgE/Ag-, SCF-, or HSP70-stimulated mast cells occur at the level of Lck-LAT phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeun Wook Chang
- College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Shiro Kanegasaki
- Research Institute National Center for Global Health and Medicine Shinjuku‐ku Japan
- College of Medicine Yeungnam University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Fansi Jin
- College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Yifeng Deng
- College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiwei You
- College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae‐Ryong Kim
- College of Medicine Yeungnam University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Ju Lee
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Catholic University of Daegu Daegu Republic of Korea
| | | | - Tomoko Tsuchiya
- Research Institute National Center for Global Health and Medicine Shinjuku‐ku Japan
- College of Medicine Yeungnam University Daegu Republic of Korea
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CD22 and CD72 cooperatively contribute to the development of the reverse Arthus reaction model. J Dermatol Sci 2019; 95:36-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Otitis Media and Nasopharyngeal Colonization in ccl3-/- Mice. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00148-17. [PMID: 28847849 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00148-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously found CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) to be a potent effector of inflammation during otitis media (OM): exogenous CCL3 rescues the OM phenotype of tumor necrosis factor-deficient mice and the function of macrophages deficient in several innate immune molecules. To further delineate the role of CCL3 in OM, we evaluated middle ear (ME) responses of ccl3-/-mice to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). CCL chemokine gene expression was evaluated in wild-type (WT) mice during the complete course of acute OM. OM was induced in ccl3-/- and WT mice, and infection and inflammation were monitored for 21 days. Phagocytosis and killing of NTHi by macrophages were evaluated by an in vitro assay. The nasopharyngeal bacterial load was assessed in naive animals of both strains. Many CCL genes showed increased expression levels during acute OM, with CCL3 being the most upregulated, at levels 600-fold higher than the baseline. ccl3-/- deletion compromised ME bacterial clearance and prolonged mucosal hyperplasia. ME recruitment of leukocytes was delayed but persisted far longer than in WT mice. These events were linked to a decrease in the macrophage capacity for NTHi phagocytosis and increased nasopharyngeal bacterial loads in ccl3-/- mice. The generalized impairment in inflammatory cell recruitment was associated with compensatory changes in the expression profiles of CCL2, CCL7, and CCL12. CCL3 plays a significant role in the clearance of infection and resolution of inflammation and contributes to mucosal host defense of the nasopharyngeal niche, a reservoir for ME and upper respiratory infections. Therapies based on CCL3 could prove useful in treating or preventing persistent disease.
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Tajfirouz D, West DM, Yin XT, Potter CA, Klein R, Stuart PM. CXCL9 compensates for the absence of CXCL10 during recurrent Herpetic stromal keratitis. Virology 2017; 506:7-13. [PMID: 28282568 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) is a disease that is typically associated with reactivation of a latent HSV-1 infection. This disease is driven, in part, by chemokines that recruit leukocytes to the cornea. Surprisingly, neutralization of CXCL10 significantly reduced disease, while B6-CXCL10-/- mice exhibited worse disease compared with similarly infected wild-type controls. We hypothesized that compensatory up-regulation of CXCL9 occurs in the absence of CXCL10. Analysis of CXCL9 expression in HSV-1-infected B6 mice and B6-CXCL10-/- mice revealed significantly more CXCL9 in B6-XCL10-/- mice. Treatment of B6 and B6-CXCL10-/- mice with neutralizing antibodies to CXCL9 reduced HSK scores in B6-CXCL10-/-, but not B6 mice. We conclude that CXCL10 production worsens HSK and that CXCL9 may compensate in CXCL10-deficient animals. These studies identify the critical role that CXCL10 plays in the pathogenesis of recurrent HSK, and that CXCL9 displays its importance when CXCL10 is absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deena Tajfirouz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Devin M West
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiao-Tang Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chloe A Potter
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robyn Klein
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology & Immunology, Anatomy & Neurobiology Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patrick M Stuart
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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6
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Li JL, Lim CH, Tay FW, Goh CC, Devi S, Malleret B, Lee B, Bakocevic N, Chong SZ, Evrard M, Tanizaki H, Lim HY, Russell B, Renia L, Zolezzi F, Poidinger M, Angeli V, St John AL, Harris JE, Tey HL, Tan SM, Kabashima K, Weninger W, Larbi A, Ng LG. Neutrophils Self-Regulate Immune Complex-Mediated Cutaneous Inflammation through CXCL2. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:416-424. [PMID: 26802238 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of immune complexes (ICs) in tissues triggers acute inflammatory pathology characterized by massive neutrophil influx leading to edema and hemorrhage, and is especially associated with vasculitis of the skin, but the mechanisms that regulate this type III hypersensitivity process remain poorly understood. Here, using a combination of multiphoton intravital microscopy and genomic approaches, we re-examined the cutaneous reverse passive Arthus reaction and observed that IC-activated neutrophils underwent transmigration, triggered further IC formation, and transported these ICs into the interstitium, whereas neutrophil depletion drastically reduced IC formation and ameliorated vascular leakage in vivo. Thereafter, we show that these neutrophils expressed high levels of CXCL2, which further amplified neutrophil recruitment and activation in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner. Notably, CXCL1 expression was restricted to tissue-resident cell types, but IC-activated neutrophils may also indirectly, via soluble factors, modulate macrophage CXCL1 expression. Consistent with their distinct cellular origins and localization, only neutralization of CXCL2 but not CXCL1 in the interstitium effectively reduced neutrophil recruitment. In summary, our study establishes that neutrophils are able to self-regulate their own recruitment and responses during IC-mediated inflammation through a CXCL2-driven feed forward loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson LiangYao Li
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Chun Hwee Lim
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Fen Wei Tay
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Chi Ching Goh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Sapna Devi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Benoit Malleret
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore; Department of Microbiology, Yoon Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Nadja Bakocevic
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Shu Zhen Chong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Maximilien Evrard
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Hideaki Tanizaki
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hwee Ying Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Yoon Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bruce Russell
- Department of Microbiology, Yoon Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Laurent Renia
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Francesca Zolezzi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Michael Poidinger
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Veronique Angeli
- Department of Microbiology, Yoon Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ashley L St John
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - John E Harris
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Suet Mien Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Centenary Institute for Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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Lee DH, Park MH, Hwang CJ, Hwang JY, Yoon HS, Yoon DY, Hong JT. CCR5 deficiency increased susceptibility to lipopolysaccharide-induced acute renal injury. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:1151-62. [PMID: 26055553 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) regulates leukocyte chemotaxis and activation, and its deficiency exacerbates development of nephritis. Therefore, we investigated the role of CCR5 during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury. CCR5-deficient (CCR5-/-) and wild-type (CCR5+/+) mice, both aged about 10 months, had acute renal injury induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg). Compared with CCR5+/+ mice, CCR5-/- mice showed increased mortality and renal injury, including elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, following LPS challenge. Compared to CCR5+/+ mice, CCR5-/- mice also exhibited greater increases in the serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β following LPS challenge. Furthermore, infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils, expression of intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and the number of apoptotic cells were more greatly increased by LPS treatment in CCR5-/- mice than in CCR5+/+ mice. The concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were also significantly increased in the kidney of CCR5-/- mice after LPS challenge. Moreover, primary kidney cells from CCR5-/- mice showed greater increases in TNF-α production and p38 MAP kinase activation following treatment with LPS compared with that observed in the cells from CCR5+/+ mice. LPS-induced TNF-α production and apoptosis in the primary kidney cells from CCR5-/- mice were inhibited by treatment with p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. These results suggest that CCR5 deficiency increased the production of TNF-α following LPS treatment through increased activation of the p38 pathway in the kidney, resulting in renal apoptosis and leukocyte infiltration and led to exacerbation of LPS-induced acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Ju Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Suk Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, 1, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
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Krebs C, Fraune C, Schmidt-Haupt R, Turner JE, Panzer U, Quang MN, Tannapfel A, Velden J, Stahl RA, Wenzel UO. CCR5 deficiency does not reduce hypertensive end-organ damage in mice. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25:479-86. [PMID: 22258337 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2011.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CCR5 is expressed on infiltrating T cells in hypertensive mice and CCR5 antagonists reduce hypertension making CCR5 an interesting target in treatment of hypertension. METHODS To evaluate the role of CCR5 in hypertensive renal and cardiac end-organ damage, we induced hypertension with desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and angiotensin II (Ang II) in wild-type (WT) and CCR5-deficient mice. RESULTS CCR5 expression was increased in renal cortex and cardiac tissue as measured by quantitative PCR. Systolic blood pressure and renal function did not differ between hypertensive CCR5(-/-) and WT mice. DOCA + Ang II induced massive albuminuria and glomerular injury but no difference was found between CCR5(-/-) and WT mice. In addition, no difference was found for renal inflammation as measured by infiltrating T cells, macrophages, and CCL2 expression. The renal expression of the CCR5 ligands, CCL3, and CCL5 was increased in the kidney of hypertensive mice. For CCL3 the increase was significantly higher in CCR5(-/-) than in WT mice. DOCA + Ang II induced cardiac damage as assessed by heart weight, cardiac fibrosis as well as expression of fetal and matrix components but no significant difference was found between CCR5(-/-) and WT mice. CONCLUSIONS CCR5 deficiency does not influence hypertensive renal and cardiac end-organ damage. Cells that infiltrate by expression of CCR5 are either not pathogenic or CCR5-positive leukocytes can migrate via alternative chemokine receptors. Beneficial effects of CCR5 antagonists in hypertension are most likely due to unspecific effects of the antagonists. Possibly, other chemokine receptors in concert with CCR5 are important for hypertensive injury.
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Repeke CE, Ferreira SB, Claudino M, Silveira EM, de Assis GF, Avila-Campos MJ, Silva JS, Garlet GP. Evidences of the cooperative role of the chemokines CCL3, CCL4 and CCL5 and its receptors CCR1+ and CCR5+ in RANKL+ cell migration throughout experimental periodontitis in mice. Bone 2010; 46:1122-30. [PMID: 20053385 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is characterized by the inflammatory bone resorption in response to the bacterial challenge, in a host response that involves a series of chemokines supposed to control cell influx into periodontal tissues and determine disease outcome. In this study, we investigated the role of chemokines and its receptors in the immunoregulation of experimental PD in mice. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-infected C57Bl/6 (WT) mice developed an intense inflammatory reaction and severe alveolar bone resorption, associated with a high expression of CCL3 and the migration of CCR5+, CCR1+ and RANKL+ cells to periodontal tissues. However, CCL3KO-infected mice developed a similar disease phenotype than WT strain, characterized by the similar expression of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-10), osteoclastogenic factors (RANKL and OPG) and MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, TIMP-1 and TIMP-3), and similar patterns of CCR1+, CCR5+ and RANKL+ cell migration. The apparent lack of function for CCL3 is possible due the relative redundancy of chemokine system, since chemokines such as CCL4 and CCL5, which share the receptors CCR1 and CCR5 with CCL3, present a similar kinetics of expression than CCL3. Accordingly, CCL4 and CCL5 kinetics of expression after experimental periodontal infection remain unaltered regardless the presence/absence of CCL3. Conversely, the individual absence of CCR1 and CCR5 resulted in a decrease of leukocyte infiltration and alveolar bone loss. When CCR1 and CCR5 were simultaneously inhibited by met-RANTES treatment a significantly more effective attenuation of periodontitis progression was verified, associated with lower values of bone loss and decreased counts of leukocytes in periodontal tissues. Our results suggest that the absence of CCL3 does not affect the development of experimental PD in mice, probably due to the presence of homologous chemokines CCL4 and CCL5 that overcome the absence of this chemokine. In addition, our data demonstrate that the absence of chemokine receptors CCR1+ and CCR5+ attenuate of inflammatory bone resorption. Finally, our data shows data the simultaneous blockade of CCR1 and CCR5 with MetRANTEs presents a more pronounced effect in the arrest of disease progression, demonstrating the cooperative role of such receptors in the inflammatory bone resorption process throughout experimental PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Repeke
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry of Bauru, São Paulo University, FOB/USP, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisola, 9-75-CEP 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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10
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Fifadara NH, Aye CC, Raghuwanshi SK, Richardson RM, Ono SJ. CCR1 expression and signal transduction by murine BMMC results in secretion of TNF-alpha, TGFbeta-1 and IL-6. Int Immunol 2009; 21:991-1001. [PMID: 19592420 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxp066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptors (CCRs) are important co-stimulatory molecules found on many blood cells and associated with various diseases. The expression and function of CCRs on mast cells has been quite controversial. In this study, we report for the first time that murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) express messenger RNA and protein for CCR1. BMMC cultured in the presence of murine recombinant stem cell factor and murine IL-3 expressed CCR1 after 5-6 weeks. We also report for the first time that mBMMC(CCR1+) cells endogenously express neurokinin receptor-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1. To examine the activity of CCR1 on these BMMC, we simultaneously stimulated two receptors: CCR1 by its ligand macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha and the IgE receptor FcepsilonRI by antigen cross-linking. We found that co-stimulation enhanced BMMC degranulation compared with FcepsilonRI stimulation alone, as assessed by beta-hexosaminidase activity (85 versus 54%, P < 0.0001) and Ca(2+) influx (223 versus 183 nM, P < 0.05). We also observed significant increases in mast cell secretion of key growth factors, cytokines and chemokine mediators upon CCR1-FcepsilonRI co-stimulation. These factors include transforming growth factor beta-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the cytokine IL-6. Taken together, our data indicate that CCR1 plays a key role in BMMC function. These findings contribute to our understanding of mechanisms for immune cell trafficking during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimita H Fifadara
- Department of Opthalmology, Dobbs Ocular Immunology Laboratories, Emory Eye Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Kharabi Masouleh B, Ten Dam GB, Wild MK, Seelige R, van der Vlag J, Rops AL, Echtermeyer FG, Vestweber D, van Kuppevelt TH, Kiesel L, Götte M. Role of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 (CD138) in delayed-type hypersensitivity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:4985-93. [PMID: 19342678 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0800574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 (CD138) modulates the activity of chemokines, cytokines, integrins, and other adhesion molecules which play important roles in the regulation of inflammation. We have previously shown that syndecan-1-deficient murine leukocytes display increased interactions with endothelial cells and increased diapedesis in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we demonstrate that syndecan-1 has an important function as a negative modulator in the murine contact allergy model of oxazolone-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). Following elicitation of the DTH response, syndecan-1-deficient mice showed an increase in leukocyte recruitment, resulting in an increased and prolonged edema formation. Expression of the cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 of the chemokines CCL5/RANTES and CCL-3/MIP-1alpha and of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1 were significantly increased in syndecan-1-deficient compared with wild-type mice. In wild-type mice, syndecan-1 mRNA and protein expression was reduced during the DTH response. The differentially increased adhesion of syndecan-1-deficient leukocytes to ICAM-1 was efficiently inhibited in vitro by CD18-blocking Abs, which emerges as one mechanistic explanation for the anti-inflammatory effects of syndecan-1. Collectively, our results show an important role of syndecan-1 in the contact DTH reaction, identifying syndecan-1 as a novel target in anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Kharabi Masouleh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Center, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Turner JE, Paust HJ, Steinmetz OM, Peters A, Meyer-Schwesinger C, Heymann F, Helmchen U, Fehr S, Horuk R, Wenzel U, Kurts C, Mittrücker HW, Stahl RAK, Panzer U. CCR5 deficiency aggravates crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 181:6546-56. [PMID: 18941245 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.9.6546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CCR5 is predominantly expressed on monocytes and Th1-polarized T cells, and plays an important role in T cell and monocyte recruitment in inflammatory diseases. To investigate the functional role of CCR5 in renal inflammation, we induced a T cell-dependent model of glomerulonephritis (nephrotoxic serum nephritis) in CCR5(-/-) mice. Induction of nephritis in wild-type mice resulted in up-regulation of renal mRNA expression of the three CCR5 chemokine ligands, CCL5 (15-fold), CCL3 (4.9-fold), and CCL4 (3.4-fold), in the autologous phase of the disease at day 10. The up-regulated chemokine expression was paralleled by infiltration of monocytes and T cells, followed by renal tissue injury, albuminuria, and loss of renal function. Nephritic CCR5(-/-) mice showed a 3- to 4-fold increased renal expression of CCL5 (61.6-fold vs controls) and CCL3 (14.1-fold vs controls), but not of CCL4, in comparison with nephritic wild-type mice, which was accompanied by augmented renal T cell and monocyte recruitment and increased lethality due to uremia. Furthermore, CCR5(-/-) mice showed an increased renal Th1 response, whereas their systemic humoral and cellular immune responses were unaltered. Because the CCR5 ligands CCL5 and CCL3 also act via CCR1, we investigated the effects of the pharmacological CCR1 antagonist BX471. CCR1 blockade in CCR5(-/-) mice significantly reduced renal chemokine expression, T cell infiltration, and glomerular crescent formation, indicating that increased renal leukocyte recruitment and consecutive tissue damage in nephritic CCR5(-/-) mice depended on functional CCR1. In conclusion, this study shows that CCR5 deficiency aggravates glomerulonephritis via enhanced CCL3/CCL5-CCR1-driven renal T cell recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Sá VC, Silva TA, Reis CMS, Cunha FQ, Figueiredo F, Bocca AL. The pattern of immune cell infiltration in chromoblastomycosis: involvement of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha/CCL3 and fungi persistence. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2007; 49:49-53. [PMID: 17384820 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652007000100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2006] [Accepted: 08/02/2006] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromoblastomycosis (CR) is a subcutaneous chronic mycosis characterized by a granulomatous inflammatory response. However, little is known regarding the pattern of leukocyte subsets in CR and the pathways involved in their recruitment. The objective of this study was to assess the cellular subsets, chemokine, chemokine receptors and enzymes in CR. The inflammatory infiltrate was characterized by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against macrophages (CD68), Langerhans'cells (S100), lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RO, CD20 and CD56) and neutrophils (CD15). The expression of MIP-1alpha (Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha), chemokine receptors (CXCR3 and CCR1) and enzymes (superoxide dismutase-SOD and nitric oxide synthase-iNOS) was also evaluated by the same method. We observed an increase in all populations evaluated when compared with the controls. Numbers of CD15(+) and CD56(+) were significantly lower than CD3(+), CD4(+), CD20(+) and CD68(+) cells. Statistical analysis revealed an association of fungi numbers with CD3, CD45RO and iNOS-positive cells. Furthermore, MIP-1alpha expression was associated with CD45RO, CD68, iNOS and CXCR3. Our results suggest a possible role of MIP-1alpha and fungi persistence in the cell infiltration in CR sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanuza Cristina Sá
- Cell Biology Department, Institute of Biology, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Moreno C, Gustot T, Nicaise C, Quertinmont E, Nagy N, Parmentier M, Le Moine O, Devière J, Louis H. CCR5 deficiency exacerbates T-cell-mediated hepatitis in mice. Hepatology 2005; 42:854-62. [PMID: 16175603 DOI: 10.1002/hep.20865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Experimental T-cell-mediated hepatitis induced by concanavalin A (Con A) involves the production of different cytokines and chemokines and is characterized by leukocyte infiltration. Because the chemokine receptor CCR5 and its ligands (CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5) regulate leukocyte chemotaxis and activation, we investigated the role of CCR5 during Con A-induced liver injury. Serum levels of CCR5 ligands and their hepatic transcript levels were significantly increased after Con A injection, whereas CCR5+ liver mononuclear cells were recruited to the liver. CCR5-deficient (CCR5-/-) mice disclosed increased mortality and liver injury following Con A administration compared with wild-type mice. CCR5-/- mice also exhibited increased production of interleukin 4, tumor necrosis factor alpha, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and a prominent liver mononuclear cell infiltrate, among which many cells were CCR1+. In vivo neutralization of CCR5 ligands in CCR5-/- mice afforded a protection against hepatitis only when CCL5 was neutralized. In conclusion, CCR5 deficiency exacerbates T-cell-mediated hepatitis, and leads to increased levels of CCR5 ligands and a more pronounced liver mononuclear infiltrate, suggesting that CCR5 expression can modulate severity of immuno-mediated liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Moreno
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepato-Pancreatology, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
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