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Álvarez-Robles MJ, Bernal MP, De Brasi-Velasco S, Sevilla F, Clemente R. Response of Phragmites australis to increasing As(V) concentrations: Accumulation and speciation of As, and plant oxidative stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134937. [PMID: 35561768 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of macrophytes has been proposed recently as a suitable option for the phytostabilization or rhizofiltration of soils or waters contaminated by trace elements. As one of the most representative species of this type of plant, common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) has shown tolerance to high concentrations of potentially hazardous elements, as is the case of arsenic. However, a deeper knowledge of how these plants deal with this toxicity, including their oxidative response, is needed for the optimum utilization of this species in phytoremediation procedures. In fact, little is known about how common reed plants react to As toxicity or the tolerance limits and accumulation potential of this species. In this work, common reed plants were exposed to a range of As(V) mass concentrations (0.5-10 mg L-1) in a hydroponic experiment, and the performance of the plants (growth, photosynthetic pigments, and oxidative stress related parameters) was evaluated and related to the major As species present in the different parts of the plants. The plants did not show any apparent symptom of toxicity and no significant effects were found for any of the different plant parameters analyzed. Arsenic was mostly accumulated as As(III) in the roots of the plants, and almost no translocation to the aerial part of the plants was observed for any of the As species analyzed. Common reed has shown a high capacity for As accumulation in its roots with no signs of toxicity, despite small nutrient imbalances. Thus, it can be considered to be a good candidate for use in the rhizofiltration and phytostabilization of As contaminated waters and soils, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Álvarez-Robles
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M P Bernal
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - S De Brasi-Velasco
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - F Sevilla
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - R Clemente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Lizama-Allende K, Ayala J, Jaque I, Echeverría P. The removal of arsenic and metals from highly acidic water in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands with alternative supporting media. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124832. [PMID: 33421850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland system was used to quantify the arsenic removal capacity in the treatment of highly acidic, arsenic and metal-rich water: pH ≈ 2, Fe ≈ 57 mg/L, Pb ≈ 0.9 mg/L, Zn ≈ 12 mg/L. The system was operated in two stages, being As ≈ 2.1 mg/L in stage one, and ≈ 3.7 mg/L in stage 2. Limestone and zeolite were employed as main supporting media to build non-vegetated and vegetated cells with Phragmites australis. The system was very effective in the removal of arsenic and iron (> 96%), and lead (> 94%) throughout the whole experimental period, having the four treatment types a similar performance. The main effect of the media type was on the pH adjustment capacity: limestone cells were able to raise the pH to ≈ 7.1, whereas zeolite cells raised it to ≈ 3.8. The contribution of plant uptake to the overall removal of As, Fe and Zn was minor; accounting for less than 0.02%, 0.07% and 0.7% respectively. As such, pollutants were mainly retained in the wetland beds. Our results suggest that limestone is recommended over zeolite as wetland medium mainly due to its neutralization capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Lizama-Allende
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Chile, Av. Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago 8370449, Chile.
| | - José Ayala
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Chile, Av. Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago 8370449, Chile.
| | - Ignacio Jaque
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Chile, Av. Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago 8370449, Chile.
| | - Pablo Echeverría
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Chile, Av. Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago 8370449, Chile.
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Balciunas EM, Kappelmeyer U, Harms H, Heipieper HJ. Increasing ibuprofen degradation in constructed wetlands by bioaugmentation with gravel containing biofilms of an ibuprofen-degrading Sphingobium yanoikuyae. Eng Life Sci 2020; 20:160-167. [PMID: 32874179 PMCID: PMC7447911 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of ibuprofen in laboratory scale constructed wetlands. Four (planted and unplanted) laboratory-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands were supplemented with ibuprofen in order to elucidate (i) the role of plants on ibuprofen removal and (ii) to evaluate the removal performance of a bioaugmented lab scale wetland. The planted systems showed higher ibuprofen removal efficiency than an unplanted one. The system planted with Juncus effusus was found to have a higher removal rate than the system planted with Phalaris arundinacea. The highest removal rate of ibuprofen was found after inoculation of gravel previously loaded with a newly isolated ibuprofen-degrading bacterium identified as Sphingobium yanoikuyae. This experiment showed that more than 80 days of CW community adaptation for ibuprofen treatment could be superseded by bioaugmentation with this bacterial isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Marcos Balciunas
- Department of Environmental BiotechnologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZLeipzigGermany
| | - Uwe Kappelmeyer
- Department of Environmental BiotechnologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZLeipzigGermany
| | - Hauke Harms
- Department of Environmental MicrobiologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZLeipzigGermany
| | - Hermann J. Heipieper
- Department of Environmental BiotechnologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZLeipzigGermany
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4
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Krzciuk K, Gałuszka A. Presence and possible origin of positive Eu anomaly in shoot samples of Juncus effusus L. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 58:126432. [PMID: 31778963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.126432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rare earth elements (REE) are non-essential elements for plants. They stimulate plant growth at low doses, but at high levels are phytotoxic. There are differences in concentrations of REE in various organs of the same plant species, but the normalized REE patterns can be very similar in samples of the same species collected in different locations. Here we compare normalized REE curves in above-ground samples of Juncus effusus L. (common rush, soft rush) collected from sites with different land-use types. METHODS The concentrations of rare earth elements were measured in 55 shoot samples of J. effusus L. The samples were collected from 15 sampling sites located in the Holy Cross Mts., south-central Poland and analyzed with the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results were normalized to the North American Shale Composite and anomalies of different elements were calculated. RESULTS Total REE concentrations varied from 0.028 mg/kg to 2.7 mg/kg. The samples were enriched in the light REE (from La to Eu) with the highest concentrations of La and Ce. The North American Shale Composite (NASC)-normalized REE curves were roughly similar in all samples except for two samples collected in the acid mine drainageaffected areas. CONCLUSION All samples showed positive europium anomalies in NASC-normalized REE concentration patterns. The most probable explanation of this is that the uptake and translocation of Eu in J. effusus (and possibly in other wetland plants) is caused by a short-term decrease of the redox potential in a rhizosphere favoring reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ and thus enhancing Eu mobility in the soil-plant environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Krzciuk
- Geochemistry and the Environment Div., Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 15G Świętokrzyska St, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Gałuszka
- Geochemistry and the Environment Div., Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 15G Świętokrzyska St, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
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Wang Y, Cai Z, Sheng S, Pan F, Chen F, Fu J. Comprehensive evaluation of substrate materials for contaminants removal in constructed wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134736. [PMID: 31715485 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Considerable number of studies have been carried out to develop and apply various substrate materials for constructed wetlands (CWs), however, there is a lack of method and model for comprehensive evaluation of different types of CWs substrates. To this end, this article summarized nearly all the substrate materials of CWs available in the literatures, including natural materials, agricultural/industrial wastes and artificial materials. The sources and physicochemical properties of various substrate materials, as well as their removal capacities for main water contaminants including nutrients, heavy metals, surfactants, pesticides/herbicides, emerging contaminants and fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) were comprehensively described. Further, a scoring model for the substrate evaluation was constructed based on likely cost, availability, permeability, reuse and contaminant removal capacities, which can be used to select the most suitable substrate material for different considerations. The provided information and constructed model contribute to better understanding of CWs substrate for readers, and help solve practical problems on substrates selection and CWs construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhengqing Cai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sheng Sheng
- Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China
| | - Fei Pan
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Fenfei Chen
- Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Wiessner A, Kuschk P, Nguyen PM, Müller JA. The sulfur depot in the rhizosphere of a common wetland plant, Juncus effusus, can support long-term dynamics of inorganic sulfur transformations. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:375-383. [PMID: 28605708 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The sulfur cycle in the rhizosphere of constructed wetlands is frequently interlaced with transformations of carbon and nitrogen. Knowledge about the manifold sulfur transformations may thus aid in improving treatment performance of constructed wetlands. In this study, two laboratory-scale constructed wetland models (planted fixed bed reactors; PFR1 and PFR2) were used to investigate inorganic sulfur transformations at various total loads of sulfate and organic carbon. Sulfate, sulfide and elemental sulfur were the most abundant sulfur compounds detected, thus providing evidence for the simultaneous occurrence of dissimilatory sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation. This co-occurrence was likely enabled by oxygen micro-gradients in the root-near environment, i.e. aerobic sulfide and elemental sulfur oxidation took place mostly at the roots while sulfate and elemental sulfur reduction occurred in the pore water under reduced redox conditions. The rhizosphere was found to be first sink, then source for sulfur during the course of the experiment. Immobilization of reduced sulfur was triggered by catabolism of organic matter coupled to dissimilatory sulfate reduction and the subsequent partial oxidation of generated sulfide. Good plant status was critical for sulfur deposition in the systems. Without externally provided sulfate the sulfur depot of the rhizosphere was a prolonged source for sulfur, which was remobilized into the pore water. Oscillations between sulfide and sulfur (PFR1) or sulfide and sulfate (PFR2) suggested a dynamic interplay between plants and various microbial guilds, i.e. dissimilatory sulfate and sulfur reducers on one side and sulfide and sulfur oxidizers on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arndt Wiessner
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kuschk
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Phuong Minh Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Jochen A Müller
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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7
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Zhang Z, Moon HS, Myneni SCB, Jaffé PR. Effect of dissimilatory iron and sulfate reduction on arsenic dynamics in the wetland rhizosphere and its bioaccumulation in wetland plants (Scirpus actus). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 321:382-389. [PMID: 27669379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microbial redox transformations of arsenic (As) are coupled to dissimilatory iron and sulfate reduction in the wetlands, however, the processes involved are complex and poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the effect of dissimilatory iron and sulfate reduction on As dynamics in the wetland rhizosphere and its bioaccumulation in plants using greenhouse mesocosms. Results show that high Fe (50μM ferrihydrite/g solid medium) and SO42- (5mM) treatments are most favorable for As sequestration in the presence of wetland plants (Scirpus actus), probably because root exudates facilitate the microbial reduction of Fe(III), SO42-, and As(V) to sequester As(III) by incorporation into iron sulfides and/or plant uptake. As retention in the solid medium and accumulation in plants were mainly controlled by SO42- rather than Fe levels. Compared to the low SO42- (0.1mM) treatment, high SO42- resulted in 2 times more As sequestered in the solid medium, 30 times more As in roots, and 49% less As in leaves. An As speciation analysis in pore water indicated that 19% more dissolved As was reduced under high SO42- than low SO42- levels, which is consistent with the fact that more dissimilatory arsenate-respiring bacteria were found under high SO42- levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyun Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton 08540, USA
| | - Hee Sun Moon
- Groundwater Department, Korean Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Deajeon 34132, Korea.
| | - Satish C B Myneni
- Department of Geoscience, Princeton University, Princeton 08540, USA
| | - Peter R Jaffé
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton 08540, USA.
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8
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Usharani B, Vasudevan N. Impact of heavy metal toxicity and constructed wetland system as a tool in remediation. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2014; 71:102-110. [PMID: 25454352 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2014.988674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to throw light upon the global concern of heavy metal-contaminated sites and their remediation through an ecofriendly approach. Accumulated heavy metals in soil and water bodies gain entry through the food chain and pose serious threat to all forms of life. This has engendered interest in phytoremediation techniques where hyperaccumulators are used. Constructed wetland has a pivotal role and is a cost-effective technique in the remediation of heavy metals. Metal availability and mobility are influenced by the addition of chelating agents, which enhance the availability of metal uptake. This review helps in identifying the critical knowledge gaps and areas to enhance research in the future to develop strategies such as genetically engineered hyperaccumulators to attain an environment devoid of heavy metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Usharani
- a Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University , Chennai , India
| | - N Vasudevan
- a Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University , Chennai , India
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Guan L, Shiiya A, Hisatomi S, Fujii K, Nonaka M, Harada N. Sulfate-reducing bacteria mediate thionation of diphenylarsinic acid under anaerobic conditions. Biodegradation 2014; 26:29-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-014-9713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wu M, Li Q, Tang X, Huang Z, Lin L, Scholz M. Arsenic(V) Removal in Wetland Filters Treating Drinking Water with Different Substrates and Plants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2014; 94:618-638. [PMID: 24771958 PMCID: PMC3996534 DOI: 10.1080/03067319.2013.864647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands are an attractive choice for removing arsenic (As) within water resources used for drinking water production. The role of substrate and vegetation in As removal processes is still poorly understood. In this study, gravel, zeolite (microporous aluminosilicate mineral), ceramsite (lightweight expanded clay aggregate) and manganese sand were tested as prospective substrates while aquatic Juncus effuses (Soft Rush or Common Rush) and terrestrial Pteris vittata L. (Chinese Ladder Brake; known as As hyperaccumulator) were tested as potential wetland plants. Indoor batch adsorption experiments combined with outdoor column experiments were conducted to assess the As removal performances and process mechanisms. Batch adsorption results indicated that manganese sand had the maximum As(V) adsorption rate of 4.55 h-1 and an adsorption capacity of 42.37 μg/g compared to the other three aggregates. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm equations better than other kinetic and isotherm models. Film-diffusion was the rate-limiting step. Mean adsorption energy calculation results indicated that chemical forces, particle diffusion and physical processes dominated As adsorption to manganese sand, zeolite and gravel, respectively. During the whole running period, manganese sand-packed wetland filters were associated with constantly 90% higher As(V) reduction of approximate 500 μg/L influent loads regardless if planted or not. The presence of P. vittata contributed to no more than 13.5% of the total As removal. In contrast, J. effuses was associated with a 24% As removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Basin Water Environmental Research Institute, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
- Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-environmental Science in Hubei Province, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Qingyun Li
- Basin Water Environmental Research Institute, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
- Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-environmental Science in Hubei Province, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Xianqiang Tang
- Ecological Remediation Technology Centre, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
- Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-environmental Science in Hubei Province, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Zhuo Huang
- Basin Water Environmental Research Institute, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
- Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-environmental Science in Hubei Province, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Li Lin
- Basin Water Environmental Research Institute, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
- Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-environmental Science in Hubei Province, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Miklas Scholz
- Civil Engineering Research Group, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, The University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, England, UK
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Rofkar JR, Dwyer DF. Irrigation of three wetland species and a hyperaccumlating fern with arsenic-laden solutions: observations of growth, arsenic uptake, nutrient status, and chlorophyll content. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2013; 15:561-572. [PMID: 23819297 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2012.723059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Engineered wetlands can be an integral part of a treatment strategy for remediating arsenic-contaminated wastewater, wherein, As is removed by adsorption to soil particles, chemical transformation, precipitation, or accumulation by plants. The remediation process could be optimized by choosing plant species that take up As throughout the seasonal growing period. This report details experiments that utilize wetland plant species native to Ohio (Carex stricta, Pycnanthemum virginianum, and Spartina pectinata) that exhibit seasonally related maximal growth rates, plus one hyperaccumulating fern (Pteris vittata) that was used to compare arsenic tolerance. All plants were irrigated with control or As-laden nutrient solutions (either 0, 1.5, or 25 mg As L(-1)) for 52 d. Biomass, nutrient content, and chlorophyll content were compared between plants treated and control plants (n = 5). At the higher concentration of arsenic (25 mg L(-1)), plant biomass, leaf area, and total chlorophyll were all lower than values in control plants. A tolerance index, based on total plant biomass at the end of the experiment, indicated C. stricta (0.99) and S. pectinata (0.84) were more tolerant than the other plant species when irrigated with 1.5 mg As L(-1). These plant species can be considered as candidates for engineered wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R Rofkar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
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Lizama A K, Fletcher TD, Sun G. Removal processes for arsenic in constructed wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:1032-1043. [PMID: 21549410 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic pollution in aquatic environments is a worldwide concern due to its toxicity and chronic effects on human health. This concern has generated increasing interest in the use of different treatment technologies to remove arsenic from contaminated water. Constructed wetlands are a cost-effective natural system successfully used for removing various pollutants, and they have shown capability for removing arsenic. This paper reviews current understanding of the removal processes for arsenic, discusses implications for treatment wetlands, and identifies critical knowledge gaps and areas worthy of future research. The reactivity of arsenic means that different arsenic species may be found in wetlands, influenced by vegetation, supporting medium and microorganisms. Despite the fact that sorption, precipitation and coprecipitation are the principal processes responsible for the removal of arsenic, bacteria can mediate these processes and can play a significant role under favourable environmental conditions. The most important factors affecting the speciation of arsenic are pH, alkalinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, the presence of other chemical species--iron, sulphur, phosphate--,a source of carbon, and the wetland substrate. Studies of the microbial communities and the speciation of arsenic in the solid phase using advanced techniques could provide further insights on the removal of arsenic. Limited data and understanding of the interaction of the different processes involved in the removal of arsenic explain the rudimentary guidelines available for the design of wetlands systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Lizama A
- Department of Civil Engineering, Building 60, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Rofkar JR, Dwyer DF. Effects of light regime, temperature, and plant age on uptake of arsenic by Spartina pectinata and Carex stricta. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2011; 13:528-537. [PMID: 21972500 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2010.495151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report here on efforts to show that a combination of native wetland plant species might perform better than a monoculture in wetlands designed for arsenic remediation by supplementing weaknesses. Carex stricta and Spartina pectinata were used in hydroponic experiments. (i) Arsenic uptake was first assessed at two ages via exposure to control or arsenic-laden solutions (0 or 1.5 mg As L(-1) as Na2HAsO4) for two weeks. Age had no significant effect on arsenic concentrations in roots, but translocation factors were greater in older plants of C. stricta and S. pectinata (0.45 and 0.07, respectively) than in younger plants (0.10 and 0.01, respectively). (ii) Seasonal effects were assessed by determining uptake kinetics for both species in conditions representative of spring temperatures (15/5 degrees C) and light regimes (1050 micromol m(-2) s(-1), 13 h day(-1)) and summer temperatures (28/17 degrees C) and light regimes (1300 micromol m(-2) s(-1), 15 h day(-1)). Both species had comparable rates of arsenic uptake into roots in summer conditions (44.0 and 46.5 mg As kg(-1) dry wt. h(-1) in C. stricta and S. pectinata, respectively), but C. stricta had a higher maximum net influx rate in spring conditions (24.5 versus 10.4 mg As kg(-1) dry wt. h(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R Rofkar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, the University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43618, USA
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Singhakant C, Koottatep T, Satayavivad J. Enhanced arsenic removals through plant interactions in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2009; 44:163-169. [PMID: 19123096 DOI: 10.1080/10934520802539780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) removal in pilot-scale subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (CWs) was investigated by comparing between CW units with vetiver grasses (CWplanted) and CW units without vetiver grasses (CWunplanted) in order to determine the roles of vetiver grasses affecting As removal. Based on the data obtained from 147 days of experiment, it is apparent that CWplanted units could remove As significantly higher than those of CWunplanted units with approximately 7-14%. Although analysis of As mass balance in CW units revealed that only 0.5-1.0% of total As was found in vetiver grasses, the As retained within bed of the CWplanted units (23.6-29.7 g) was higher than those in the CWunplanted units (21.3-26.8 g) at the end of the experiment, illustrating the effect of vetiver grasses on As accumulation in the CW units. Determination of As in different fractions in the CW bed suggested that the main mechanism of As retention was due mainly to As entrapment into the porous of bed materials (50-57% of total fraction), this mechanism is likely not affected by the presence of vetiver grasses. However, fraction of As-bound in organic matters that could be released from plant roots decomposition indicated the increase adsorption capacity of CW bed. In addition, organic sulfides produced from their root decomposition could help remove As through the precipitation/co-precipitation process. Under reducing condition in those CWplanted units, As could be leached out in the form of iron and manganese-bound complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatchawal Singhakant
- School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand.
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Kuschk P, Wiessner A, Kästner M, Müller R, Münch C, Paredes D. Pflanzenkläranlagen - Zukunftspotenzial und Forschungsbedarf. CHEM-ING-TECH 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200800085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Rahman K, Wiessner A, Kuschk P, Mattusch J, Kästner M, Müller R. Dynamics of Arsenic Species in Laboratory-Scale Horizontal Subsurface-Flow Constructed Wetlands Treating an Artificial Wastewater. Eng Life Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200800087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Rahman K, Wiessner A, Kuschk P, Mattusch J, Offelder A, Kästner M, Müller R. Redox Dynamics of Arsenic Species in the Root-Near Environment of Juncus effusus Investigated in a Macro-Gradient-Free Rooted Gravel Bed Reactor. Eng Life Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200800093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Masih D, Izumi Y, Aika K, Seida Y. Optimization of an Iron Intercalated Montmorillonite Preparation for the Removal of Arsenic at Low Concentrations. Eng Life Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200620171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Wiessner A, Kuschk P, Buddhawong S, Stottmeister U, Mattusch J, Kästner M. Effectiveness of Various Small-Scale Constructed Wetland Designs for the Removal of Iron and Zinc from Acid Mine Drainage under Field Conditions. Eng Life Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200620161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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