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Gardizy A, Lindenfeldar G, Paul A, Chao AM. Binge-Spectrum Eating Disorders, Mood, and Food Insecurity in Young Adults With Obesity. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024; 30:603-612. [PMID: 36600469 DOI: 10.1177/10783903221147930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disordered eating is common but underrecognized in people with obesity and the relationship of food insecurity, mood, and binge-spectrum eating disorders has not been well addressed in samples with higher weight. Young adults are particularly vulnerable to developing disordered eating. AIM The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of food insecurity, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and loneliness among young adults (aged 18-35 years) who screened positive for binge-spectrum eating disorders (i.e., binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa), those with subthreshold forms of these disorders, and individuals who did not screen positive for these conditions. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study of young adults with a self-reported body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 from the United States who were recruited online. Participants (N = 1,331; M ± SD age = 28.0 ± 3.4 years; body mass index [BMI] = 36.5 ± 6.2 kg/m2; 73.9% male; 56.3% White) completed surveys that evaluated disordered eating behaviors, food insecurity, mood, and lifestyle factors. RESULTS In the sample, 8.0% of participants screened positive for binge-spectrum eating disorder and 16.0% had probable subthreshold symptoms. Higher depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.03, 1.20], p = .01), perceived stress (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = [1.07, 1.19], p < .001), and food insecurity scores (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = [1.03, 1.21], p = .01) were associated with an increased likelihood of threshold binge-spectrum eating disorders. CONCLUSION People with disordered eating should also be evaluated for mood disorders and food insecurity and vice versa. Further research is needed to evaluate interventions that address food insecurity and mood disorders, which may help to decrease disordered eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Gardizy
- Ariana Gardizy, BSN, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Alexandra Paul
- Alexandra Paul, BA, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariana M Chao
- Ariana M. Chao, PhD, CRNP, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Rossi AA, Mannarini S, Semonella M, Castelnuovo G, Pietrabissa G. The Association between Grazing and Food Addiction: The Italian Version of the Repetitive Eating Questionnaire (Rep(Eat)-Q) and Its Relationships with Food Addiction Criteria. Nutrients 2024; 16:949. [PMID: 38612983 PMCID: PMC11013059 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the dysfunctional eating behaviors associated with excessive food intake, a construct that is gaining increasing attention is grazing-the constant, continuous, compulsive, and repetitive consumption of small/moderate amounts of food. Furthermore, in some cases, grazing seems to indicate a dependence on food and/or eating. Currently, the Repetitive Eating Questionnaire (Rep(Eat)-Q) appears to be the only questionnaire that comprehensively measures grazing, including its repetitive and compulsive eating component. Therefore, in a sample of individuals with severe obesity, the objective of this study was twofold: (A) to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Rep(Eat)-Q, and (B) to analyze the association between grazing and food addiction (FA). METHOD A cross-sectional research design was used. A total of 402 inpatients with severe obesity (BMI > 35) were recruited. Participants underwent a series of questionnaires to investigate structural validity and convergent validity and association with FA criteria. RESULTS The factorial structure of the Rep(Eat)-Q is robust and showed fit indexes: CFI = 0.973; RMSEA = 0.074; 90%CI [0.056-0.091]; and SRMR = 0.029. Also, it exhibited good internal consistency and convergent validity. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis highlights a specific association between certain FA criteria and grazing. CONCLUSIONS The Rep(Eat)-Q can be considered to be a concise, robust, reliable, and statistically sound tool to assess repetitive eating, specifically grazing. Its strong psychometric properties offer significant advantages for both research and clinical applications. Furthermore, in a sample of individuals with severe obesity, the results suggest that individuals with problematic grazing exhibit a typical behavioral profile of subjects with FA, indicating that FA can manifest through problematic grazing as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Alberto Rossi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Mannarini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Michelle Semonella
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel;
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.)
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.)
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy
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Althumiri NA, BinDhim NF, Aldabaeab AE, AlMousa N, Aljabbary RA, Alumran A. Comparing Lifestyle and Behavior of Post-Bariatric Surgery and Participants with Obesity: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:31-44. [PMID: 38192495 PMCID: PMC10771717 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s440209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is a paucity of research dedicated to exploring behavioral change in patients following bariatric surgery. However, there is a need for comparison analysis of individuals with obesity who have received surgical treatment and those who have not opted for any surgical procedures for weight loss. This study is designed to scrutinize the lifestyle choices, behavioral patterns, psychological elements, and eating habits of individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery, in contrast to those with obesity who have not undergone such a procedure. Methods This study is a secondary analysis from Sharik Diet and Health National Survey (SDHNS) dataset, which is a cross-sectional investigation covering the period from 2020 to 2022. The study focused on demographic factors like age, gender, educational attainment, and monthly earnings. Furthermore, other variables such as physical activity, leisure and workplace sitting habits, smoking patterns, strategies for managing weight, and eating and consumption behaviors were also examined. Results Out of the initial 15,980 participants reached, 4,069 satisfied the study's inclusion criteria. Bariatric surgery was reported by 806 participants (19.8%). Upon comparing three obesity status groups - The participants who underwent bariatric surgery with or without obesity, those with obesity who did not opt for any surgical weight loss measure, the analysis found that the three obesity status groups were significantly different in 21 variables from a total of 26. Moreover, a logistic regression analysis revealed that 11 variables influenced persistent obesity in the post-surgery phase, as opposed to those who successfully lost weight. These variables included advanced age, limited education, being female, lower income, waterpipe smoking habits, and the consumption of carbonated drinks. Conclusion This study showed that inability to lose weight after bariatric surgery are linked to poor lifestyle choices and behavior compared to those who were able to lose weight after the surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora A Althumiri
- Scientific Department, Informed Decision Making (IDM), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Scientific Department, Sharik Association for Research and Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser F BinDhim
- Scientific Department, Informed Decision Making (IDM), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Scientific Department, Sharik Association for Research and Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz E Aldabaeab
- Obesity Department, King Fahad Hospital of the Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah AlMousa
- Scientific Department, Sharik Association for Research and Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Arwa Alumran
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Caetano N, Costa AJRB, Pinto SL. Anxiety and Negative Body Image are Associated with Binge Eating in Patients Who Underwent Bariatric Surgery a Minimum of 2 Years. Obes Surg 2023; 33:4058-4064. [PMID: 37919533 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06924-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bariatric surgery is an effective method for the treatment of severe obesity, however, binge eating disorder (BED) and negative body image can interfere with post-surgical evolution. OBJECTIVE To describe the factors associated with BED in bariatric patients with a minimum of 2 years post-surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional observational study conducted with patients who underwent bariatric surgery through the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde [SUS]) and presenting a minimum of 2 years post-surgery. BED, depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, quality of life and body image concerns were assessed by the Binge Eating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System, and Body Shape Questionnaire, respectively. Socioeconomic and anthropometric data were also collected. RESULTS Based on the ninety-two (92) patients evaluated, 83.7% were female, and had a mean age of 43.3 ± 9 years. Symptoms of depression (p = 0.002), anxiety (p = 0.000), body image concerns (p = 0.000), poor quality of life (p = 0.010), and obesity (p = 0.008) were associated with the presence of BED. All the anthropometric variables were higher in patients with BED, except excess weight loss. Regression analysis predicted BED through the presence of body image concern and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION Anxiety symptoms and body image concerns are associated with BED in patients who underwent bariatric surgery a minimum of 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Caetano
- Nutrition Course of the Federal University of Tocantins / TO, Quadra 109 North, NS-15 Avenue, ALCNO-14, Block Bala2, North Director Plan, Palmas, Tocantins, CEP: 77001-090, Brazil.
| | - Ana Júlia R B Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences of the Federal University of Tocantins / TO, Palmas, Brazil
| | - Sônia L Pinto
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences of the Federal University of Tocantins / TO, Palmas, Brazil
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Hacker KS, Salwen-Deremer JK. Comment on: Re-evaluating the binge eating scale cut-off using DSM-5 criteria: analysis and replication in presurgical metabolic and bariatric surgery samples. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2023; 19:950-951. [PMID: 37137802 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katrina S Hacker
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Jessica K Salwen-Deremer
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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Rolle CE, Ng GY, Nho YH, Barbosa DAN, Shivacharan RS, Gold JI, Bassett DS, Halpern CH, Buch V. Accumbens connectivity during deep-brain stimulation differentiates loss of control from physiologic behavioral states. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:1384-1391. [PMID: 37734587 PMCID: PMC10811591 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of control (LOC) eating, the subjective sense that one cannot control what or how much one eats, characterizes binge-eating behaviors pervasive in obesity and related eating disorders. Closed-loop deep-brain stimulation (DBS) for binge eating should predict LOC and trigger an appropriately timed intervention. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS This study aimed to identify a sensitive and specific biomarker to detect LOC onset for DBS. We hypothesized that changes in phase-locking value (PLV) predict the onset of LOC-associated cravings and distinguish them from potential confounding states. METHODS Using DBS data recorded from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of two patients with binge eating disorder (BED) and severe obesity, we compared PLV between inter- and intra-hemispheric NAc subregions for three behavioral conditions: craving (associated with LOC eating), hunger (not associated with LOC), and sleep. RESULTS In both patients, PLV in the high gamma frequency band was significantly higher for craving compared to sleep and significantly higher for hunger compared to craving. Maximum likelihood classifiers achieved accuracies above 88% when differentiating between the three conditions. CONCLUSIONS High-frequency inter- and intra-hemispheric PLV in the NAc is a promising biomarker for closed-loop DBS that differentiates LOC-associated cravings from physiologic states such as hunger and sleep. Future trials should assess PLV as a LOC biomarker across a larger cohort and a wider patient population transdiagnostically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camarin E Rolle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Grace Y Ng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Young-Hoon Nho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel A N Barbosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rajat S Shivacharan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road Office 245C, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Joshua I Gold
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Richards D407, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dani S Bassett
- Departments of Bioengineering, Physics and Astronomy, Electrical and Systems Engineering, Neurology, and Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd St, Skirkanich Hall 240, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
| | - Casey H Halpern
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vivek Buch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road Office 245C, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
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Klapsas M, Hindle A. Patients' Pre and Post-Bariatric Surgery Experience of Dieting Behaviours: Implications for Early Intervention. Obes Surg 2023; 33:2702-2710. [PMID: 37468701 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bariatric surgery works, in part, by surgically changing signals of hunger and satiety to achieve weight loss. Not all patients experience optimal outcomes. One potential explanation is that post-surgery dieting may subvert the ability to identify physiological cues of hunger and fullness. Dieting behaviours (e.g. restriction/cognitive restraint) are correlated with disordered eating, and disordered eating implicated in poor outcomes. This study examines the experience of dieting after bariatric surgery. METHOD Seventeen adult participants who had undertaken bariatric surgery and residing in Australia participated in semi-structured interviews. Surgeries occurred in 2021 (n = 8), 2020 (n = 4), 2019 (n = 2), and one participant each had surgery in 2014, 2009, and 2004. Thematic analysis elicited themes related to post-operative dieting. RESULTS All participants reported chronic pre-surgery dieting. Lifestyle change was the overarching post-surgical theme comprising (i) flexibility (e.g. allowing food, intuitive eating), and (ii) control, comprising surgery control (e.g. set portions, surgery instilled control) and dieting control (e.g. discipline, restriction/restraint). Descriptions of lifestyle change often mirrored pre-surgery descriptions of dieting. CONCLUSION Post-surgery lifestyle change appears to encompass a tension between flexible/adaptive approaches to eating and the need to maintain control. Control may emerge as practices that mirror pre-surgery dieting with the potential to interfere with adaptive eating behaviours or promote disordered eating. Dieting behaviours may be a precursor to the development of disordered eating. Health care practitioners should regularly assess dieting behaviour post-surgery to enable early intervention where warranted. Future research should consider how post-surgery re-emerging dieting may be identified and measured to aid in intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Klapsas
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
| | - Annemarie Hindle
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia.
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, 133 McKoy Street, Wodonga, VIC, 3689, Australia.
- Centre for Eating, Weight, and Body Image, Suite 215, 100 Victoria Parade, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
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Giddens E, Noy B, Steward T, Verdejo-García A. The influence of stress on the neural underpinnings of disinhibited eating: a systematic review and future directions for research. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:713-734. [PMID: 37310550 PMCID: PMC10404573 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09814-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Disinhibited eating involves overconsumption and loss of control over food intake, and underpins many health conditions, including obesity and binge-eating related disorders. Stress has been implicated in the development and maintenance of disinhibited eating behaviours, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship are unclear. In this systematic review, we examined how the impact of stress on the neurobiological substrates of food-related reward sensitivity, interoception and cognitive control explains its role in disinhibited eating behaviours. We synthesised the findings of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies including acute and/or chronic stress exposures in participants with disinhibited eating. A systematic search of existing literature conducted in alignment with the PRISMA guidelines identified seven studies investigating neural impacts of stress in people with disinhibited eating. Five studies used food-cue reactivity tasks, one study used a social evaluation task, and one used an instrumental learning task to probe reward, interoception and control circuitry. Acute stress was associated with deactivation of regions in the prefrontal cortex implicated in cognitive control and the hippocampus. However, there were mixed findings regarding differences in reward-related circuitry. In the study using a social task, acute stress associated with deactivation of prefrontal cognitive control regions in response to negative social evaluation. In contrast, chronic stress was associated with both deactivation of reward and prefrontal regions when viewing palatable food-cues. Given the small number of identified publications and notable heterogeneity in study designs, we propose several recommendations to strengthen future research in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Giddens
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Brittany Noy
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-García
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
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Barbuti M, Carignani G, Weiss F, Calderone A, Fierabracci P, Salvetti G, Menculini G, Tortorella A, Santini F, Perugi G. Eating disorders and emotional dysregulation are associated with insufficient weight loss after bariatric surgery: a 1-year observational follow-up study. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:49. [PMID: 37266717 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Subjects with obesity, especially those seeking bariatric surgery, exhibit high rates of mental disorders and marked psychopathological traits. The primary objective of this prospective, non-interventional study was to investigate whether the presence of different psychiatric disorders, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology and emotional dysregulation influenced weight loss at 1-year follow-up after surgery. METHODS Subjects consecutively referred for pre-surgical evaluation at the Obesity Center of Pisa University Hospital were recruited. Psychiatric diagnoses were made through the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and ADHD symptomatology was assessed with the Wender-Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale (WRAADDS). Emotional dysregulation was investigated through the WRAADDS and self-report questionnaires. After surgery, weight and obesity-related comorbidities were monitored during follow-up. RESULTS Of the 99 participants recruited, 76 underwent surgery and 65 could be reevaluated 1 year after surgery. Subjects with insufficient weight loss (excess body mass index loss ≤ 53%, n = 15) had more frequent lifetime binge eating disorder (BED) and BED-mood disorders comorbidity than subjects with favorable post-surgical outcome. Additionally, they scored higher on both physician-administered and self-report scales assessing emotional dysregulation, which represents a nuclear symptom of ADHD in adults. At the logistic regression analysis, older age, higher preoperative excess body mass index and greater affective instability were predictors of reduced weight loss at 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Emotional dysregulation seems to be associated with a worse outcome after bariatric surgery. Further studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are needed to confirm the influence of different psychiatric disorders and psychopathological traits on post-surgical outcome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V, prospective descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Barbuti
- 2nd Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Carignani
- 2nd Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Weiss
- 2nd Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alba Calderone
- 1st Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obesity and Lipodystrophy Research Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Fierabracci
- 1st Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obesity and Lipodystrophy Research Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Salvetti
- 1st Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obesity and Lipodystrophy Research Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Menculini
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alfonso Tortorella
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- 1st Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obesity and Lipodystrophy Research Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulio Perugi
- 2nd Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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Ghafouri-Taleghani F, Abiri B, Zamanian A, Saidpour A. Effects of probiotic supplementation with weight reducing intervention on anthropometric measures, body composition, eating behavior, and related hormone levels in patients with food addiction and weight regain after bariatric surgery: a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:63. [PMID: 37072872 PMCID: PMC10114428 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00717-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the unfortunate events after bariatric surgery is the weight regain, which occurs in some patients. Food addiction is an eating disorder related to the brain-intestinal axis and can be effective in weight regain after bariatric surgery. In addition, the gut microbiome plays a vital role in eating behaviors, including food addiction. So, this study will aim to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation with a weight-reducing diet and cognitive behavioral therapy on anthropometric measures, body composition, eating behavior, and related hormone levels, leptin, oxytocin, and serotonin, in patients with food addiction and weight regain after bariatric surgery. METHODS We will carry out a triple-blinded randomized clinical trial for 12 weeks to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation with a weight-reducing diet and cognitive behavioral therapy on anthropometric measures, body composition, eating behavior, and related hormone levels including leptin, oxytocin, and serotonin, in patients with food addiction and weight regain after bariatric surgery. DISCUSSION Based on the available evidence, probiotic supplementation by modifying the intestinal microbiome can improve food addiction and subsequent weight loss. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20220406054437N1 Registered on 2022-06-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Ghafouri-Taleghani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abiri
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zamanian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atoosa Saidpour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Saccaro LF, Rutigliano G, Landi P, Spera M, Kraslavski A, Zappa MA, Mencacci C. Emotional Regulation Underlies Gender Differences in Pathological Eating Behavior Styles of Bariatric Surgery Candidates. WOMEN 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/women3020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost a third of bariatric surgery patients present suboptimal weight loss or important weight regain in the first five postoperative years. While the reasons underlying this are not fully understood, it is known that pathological eating styles (such as emotional or binge eating) can thwart efforts to maintain weight loss. However, detailed characterization and understanding of these eating styles have yet to be achieved. In particular, research on gender differences in pathological eating styles and psychiatric symptoms before bariatric surgery is lacking. To characterize gender differences in eating styles and their association with clinical symptoms, we prospectively enrolled 110 bariatric surgery candidates, collecting eating styles and clinical scores. Women displayed a higher frequency of emotional eating as compared to men (x2 = 9.07, p = 0.003), while men showed a higher frequency of quantitative eating behavioral style (x2 = 4.58, p = 0.044). Binge eating style was associated with higher Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) scores (p < 0.05). Emotional eating style was associated with higher HAM-D and HAM-A scores (p < 0.05). The present findings highlight the importance of understanding the role of gender differences in emotion regulation processes involved in the development and maintenance of pathological eating styles in bariatric surgery candidates. This paves the way to gender- and symptoms-specific interventions on eating behaviors to improve surgery long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi F. Saccaro
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Grazia Rutigliano
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, MRI Steiner Unit, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Landi
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Dipendenze, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Spera
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Dipendenze, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Alexandra Kraslavski
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Dipendenze, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Antonio Zappa
- UOC di Chirurgia Generale, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Piazza Principessa Clotilde 3, 20121 Milano, Italy
| | - Claudio Mencacci
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Dipendenze, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
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Smith KE, Varnado A, Thomas JG, Vithiananthan S, Jones DB, Papasavas P, Bond DS. Characterizing the Course of Loss of Control Eating and Prognostic Factors Following Bariatric Surgery: an Exploratory Analysis. Obes Surg 2023; 33:1170-1177. [PMID: 36808385 PMCID: PMC10079698 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Postoperative loss of control eating (LOCE) has detrimental associations with weight outcomes and mental health following bariatric surgery. However, little is known regarding LOCE course following surgery and preoperative factors that predict remittance, continuance, or development of LOCE. The present study aimed to characterize LOCE course in the year following surgery by identifying four groups: individuals with (1) postoperative de novo LOCE, (2) maintained LOCE (endorsed at pre- and post-surgery), (3) remitted LOCE (endorsed only at pre-surgery), and (4) those who never endorsed LOCE. Exploratory analyses examined group differences in baseline demographic and psychosocial factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 61 adult bariatric surgery patients completed questionnaires and ecological momentary assessment at pre-surgery and 3-, 6-, and 12-month postoperative follow-ups. RESULTS Results showed that 13 (21.3%) never endorsed LOCE prior to or after surgery, 12 (19.7%) developed LOCE after surgery, 7 (11.5%) evidenced remittance from LOCE after surgery, and 29 (47.5%) maintained LOCE prior to and after surgery. Relative to those who never endorsed LOCE, all groups who evidenced LOCE before and/or after surgery reported greater disinhibition; those who developed LOCE reported less planned eating; and those with maintained LOCE reported less satiety sensitivity and greater hedonic hunger. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of postoperative LOCE and need for longer-term follow-up studies. Results also suggest a need to examine the longer-term impact of satiety sensitivity and hedonic eating on LOCE maintenance, and the extent to which meal planning may buffer risk for de novo LOCE following surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Aimee Varnado
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - J Graham Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital/Brown Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | | | - Daniel B Jones
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Pavlos Papasavas
- Department of Surgery, Hartford Hospital/HealthCare, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
| | - Dale S Bond
- Department of Surgery, Hartford Hospital/HealthCare, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
- Department of Research, Hartford Hospital/HealthCare, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
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13
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Crozet J, Pasquer A, Pelascini E, Robert M. Factors influencing bariatric surgery outcomes. J Visc Surg 2023; 160:S7-S11. [PMID: 36922261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The outcomes of bariatric surgery, while often impressive, are not universally satisfactory; they vary from patient to patient and from operation to operation. Between 20-30% of patients experience suboptimal weight loss or substantial weight regain early in their postoperative course. Confronted with this chronic disease, and given that failures are difficult to manage, it is essential to better characterize obesity preoperatively, considering other metrics beyond just the body mass index (BMI), to select the best candidates for surgery and optimize the benefit/risk ratio. Based on the data of the most recent studies on bariatric surgery, our objective is to identify the predictive factors of weight loss as well as the risk factors of failure. Our analysis indicates that the choice of the surgical technique, age, initial BMI, ethnic origin, the presence of eating disorders and metabolic factors all have an impact on weight-loss outcomes after bariatric surgery. Thus, it is of major importance to carefully select patients during a preoperative multidisciplinary discussion in order to optimize weight loss and metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Crozet
- Department of digestive surgery, center of bariatric surgery, university hospital of Édouard-Herriot, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Specialized center of obesity, university hospital of Lyon, hospices civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France; University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
| | - A Pasquer
- Department of digestive surgery, center of bariatric surgery, university hospital of Édouard-Herriot, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Specialized center of obesity, university hospital of Lyon, hospices civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France; University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - E Pelascini
- Department of digestive surgery, center of bariatric surgery, university hospital of Édouard-Herriot, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Specialized center of obesity, university hospital of Lyon, hospices civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France; University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - M Robert
- Department of digestive surgery, center of bariatric surgery, university hospital of Édouard-Herriot, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Specialized center of obesity, university hospital of Lyon, hospices civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France; University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Carmen lab, Inserm unit 1060, France
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Ivezaj V, Dilip A, Grilo CM. Psychiatric comorbidity as a prospective predictor of long-term weight and psychosocial outcomes after bariatric surgery. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 83:51-58. [PMID: 37099869 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psychiatric comorbidity is common among the bariatric population although the prognostic significance of psychiatric comorbidity on outcomes is uncertain. This prospective study examined differences in weight and psychosocial functioning outcomes based on lifetime and current (post-surgical) psychiatric comorbidity. METHODS Participants were 140 adults in a RCT for loss-of-control (LOC)-eating approximately six months post-bariatric surgery. Two structured interviews were administered: the Eating Disorder Examination-Bariatric Surgery Version (EDE-BSV) to assess LOC-eating and eating-disorder psychopathology, and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to assess lifetime and current (post-surgical) psychiatric disorders. The EDE-BSV and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) were repeated at post-treatment and 24-month follow-ups. RESULTS Lifetime (75.7%) and current/post-surgical (25%) psychiatric diagnoses were common. Groups with and without psychiatric comorbidity did not differ significantly in weight loss outcomes at any timepoint but psychiatric comorbidity was associated significantly with greater LOC-eating, eating-disorder psychopathology, and depression. CONCLUSIONS Among participants with LOC-eating post-bariatric surgery, lifetime and post-surgical psychiatric comorbidity was not associated with acute or longer-term weight outcomes but predicted poorer psychosocial functioning. Findings challenge prevailing views that psychiatric comorbidity is related to poorer longer-term weight outcomes following bariatric surgery but highlight its clinical significance as it is associated with broad psychosocial difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ivezaj
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Abhaya Dilip
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University, Department of Psychology, New Haven, CT, USA
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Noria SF, Shelby RD, Atkins KD, Nguyen NT, Gadde KM. Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery: Scope of the Problem, Causes, Prevention, and Treatment. Curr Diab Rep 2023; 23:31-42. [PMID: 36752995 PMCID: PMC9906605 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-023-01498-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment of severe obesity, a proportion of patients experience clinically significant weight regain (WR) with further out from surgery. The purpose of this review is to summarize the prevalence, predictors, and causes of weight regain. RECENT FINDINGS Estimating the prevalence of WR is limited by a lack of consensus on its definition. While anatomic failures such as dilated gastric fundus after sleeve gastrectomy and gastro-gastric fistula after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass can lead to WR, the most common causes appear to be dysregulated/maladaptive eating behaviors, lifestyle factors, and physiological compensatory mechanisms. To date, dietary, supportive, behavioral, and exercise interventions have not demonstrated a clinically meaningful impact on WR, and there is limited evidence for pharmacotherapy. Future studies should be aimed at better defining WR to begin to understand the etiologies. Additionally, there is a need for non-surgical interventions with demonstrated efficacy in rigorous randomized controlled trials for the prevention and reversal of WR after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrena F Noria
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University, N718 Doan Hall, 410 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Rita D Shelby
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave #1140, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Katelyn D Atkins
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Ninh T Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, 3800 W Chapman Ave, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Kishore M Gadde
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, 3800 W Chapman Ave, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
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16
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Voss C, Liu J, Chang A, Kosmas JA, Biehl A, Flynn RL, Kruzan KP, Wildes JE, Graham AK. Weight Loss Expectations of Adults With Binge Eating: Cross-sectional Study With a Human-Centered Design Approach. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e40506. [PMID: 36853750 PMCID: PMC10015344 DOI: 10.2196/40506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People tend to overestimate their expectations for weight loss relative to what is achievable in a typical evidence-based behavioral weight management program, which can impact treatment satisfaction and outcomes. We are engaged in formative research to design a digital intervention that addresses binge eating and weight management; thus, understanding expectations among this group can inform more engaging intervention designs to produce a digital intervention that can achieve greater clinical success. Studies examining weight loss expectations have primarily focused on people who have overweight or obesity. Only one study has investigated weight loss expectations among people with binge eating disorder, a population that frequently experiences elevated weight and shape concerns and often presents to treatment with the goal of losing weight. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to investigate differences in weight loss expectations among people with varying levels of binge eating to inform the design of a digital intervention for binge eating and weight management. Such an evaluation may be crucial for people presenting for a digital intervention, given that engagement and dropout are notable problems for digital behavior change interventions. We tested the hypotheses that (1) people who endorsed some or recurrent binge eating would expect to lose more weight than those who did not endorse binge eating and (2) people who endorsed a more severe versus a low or moderate overvaluation of weight and shape would have higher weight loss expectations. METHODS A total of 760 adults (n=504, 66% female; n=441, 58% non-Hispanic White) completed a web-based screening questionnaire. One-way ANOVAs were conducted to explore weight loss expectations for binge eating status as well as overvaluation of shape and weight. RESULTS Weight loss expectations significantly differed by binge eating status. Those who endorsed some and recurrent binge eating expected to lose more weight than those who endorsed no binge eating. Participants with severe overvaluation of weight or shape expected to lose the most weight compared to those with low or moderate levels of overvaluation of weight and shape. CONCLUSIONS In the sample, people interested in a study to inform a digital intervention for binge eating and weight management overestimated their expectations for weight loss. Given that weight loss expectations can impact treatment completion and success, it may be important to assess and modify weight loss expectations among people with binge eating prior to enrolling in a digital intervention. Future work should design and test features that can modify these expectations relative to individuals' intended treatment goals to facilitate engagement and successful outcomes in a digital intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Voss
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jianyi Liu
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Angela Chang
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jacqueline A Kosmas
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Abigail Biehl
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rebecca L Flynn
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kaylee P Kruzan
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jennifer E Wildes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andrea K Graham
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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17
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Associations of COVID-19 Lockdowns on Eating Behaviors and Body Mass Index in Patients with a History of Bariatric Surgery: a Cross-Sectional Analysis. Obes Surg 2023; 33:1099-1107. [PMID: 36763309 PMCID: PMC9912237 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06460-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the eating behaviors, dietary quality, and changes in weight of postoperative bariatric surgery patients. METHODS A cross-sectional survey on eating behaviors and attitudes toward food was emailed or given to patients who had bariatric surgery before March 2020. Patient charts were reviewed for weight measures. RESULTS Seventy-five (71.43%) patients experienced weight recurrence with an average increase in body mass index (BMI) of 2.83 kg/m2 (SD: 2.19). The majority of patients reported no symptoms of binge eating (n = 81, 77.14%) with 16 (15.24%) qualifying for loss of control eating (LOCE). LOCE was significantly associated with grazing behavior (p = 0.04), emotional over-eating (p = 0.001), and food responsiveness (p = 0.002). LOCE was negatively associated with dietary quality (p = 0.0009) and satiety responsiveness (p = 0.01). Grazing behavior was significantly associated with emotional over-eating (p < 0.0001) and food responsiveness (p < 0.0001) as well as negatively associated with dietary quality (p < 0.0001). Slow eating was negatively associated with grazing (p = 0.01), emotional over-eating (p = 0.003), and food responsiveness (p < 0.0001). When included in a regression model controlling for age and sex, emotional over-eating was a significant predictor of weight recurrence (β = 0.25; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that maladaptive eating behaviors contributed to LOCE and poor dietary quality during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, slow eating may be protective against grazing, emotional over-eating, and food responsiveness.
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Zhang H, Zhai Z, Cao K, Li G, Wang Z, Han J. Short-term outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy plus uncut jejunojejunal bypass (SG-uncut JJB) in patients with obesity: a preliminary prospective cohort study. LANGENBECK'S ARCHIVES OF SURGERY 2023; 408:9. [PMID: 36602593 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-022-02742-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the safety, weight loss, and metabolic outcomes of patients with obesity with sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or sleeve gastrectomy plus uncut jejunojejunal bypass (SG-uncut JJB). METHODS This prospective study included patients with BMIs ≥ 32.5 kg/m2 or refractory metabolic disorders undergoing SG or SG-uncut JJB between January and December 2020 in our hospital (NCT04534504). Weight loss, metabolic outcomes, surgical results, and complaints during 1-year follow-up were compared between two groups. RESULTS Forty-seven patients were enrolled, 26 in the SG and 21 in the SG-uncut JJB groups. A longer operative time was observed in the SG-uncut JJB than in the SG group (140 (110-180) min vs. 90 (70-180) min, P = 0.001). No significant differences were found in complications. Total weight loss (TWL%) and excess weight loss (EWL%) in both groups increased with the duration of follow-up (P = 0.001). TWL% was greater at 1 month ((11.1 ± 2.4)% vs. (8.2 ± 4.4)%, P = 0.011] and 12 months [(29.7 ± 6.9)% vs. (20.3 ± 7.2)%, P = 0.001) with SG-uncut JJB than with SG. SG-uncut JJB and SG had similar metabolic outcomes and complaints during the 1-year follow-up, but less nausea was reported with SG-uncut JJB (9.2% vs. 46.2%, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION In short-term follow-up, SG-uncut JJB was a safe and effective bariatric surgery procedure in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Zhang
- The General Surgery Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100020
| | - Zhiwei Zhai
- The General Surgery Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100020
| | - Ke Cao
- The General Surgery Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100020
| | - Ganbin Li
- The General Surgery Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100020
| | - Zhenjun Wang
- The General Surgery Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100020
| | - Jiagang Han
- The General Surgery Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100020.
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Marek RJ, Ivezaj V, Parikh MS, Jayade M, Davila-Shiau E, Grilo CM. Factor structure and measurement invariance of the English- versus Spanish-language Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire: Brief Form (S-EDE-Q-BF) in Hispanic/Latino/a/x persons seeking bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2022; 19:576-584. [PMID: 36639321 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of eating disorder psychopathology during preoperative psychological evaluations could be facilitated with psychometrically valid measures. One of the most commonly used measures, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), is lengthy and has been found to have psychometric limitations. Research has identified a shorter version that has received reliable support across diverse samples but requires further validation for use with patients being evaluated for bariatric surgery. OBJECTIVES To cross-validate the factor structure of the EDE-Q: Brief Form (EDE-Q-BF, standalone, nonnested version) with patients being evaluated for bariatric surgery across English- and Spanish-language versions and establish measurement invariance for gender and language. SETTING Northeastern hospital in the United States. METHODS Participants (n = 618) undergoing evaluations prior to bariatric surgery who identified as Hispanic/Latino/a/x and consented to participate in this research study (which did not influence eligibility for bariatric surgery) completed self-reports. Of the 618 participants, 92 were male and 526 were female, 318 preferred English and were administered English versions of the measures, and 300 preferred Spanish and were administered Spanish versions of the measures. RESULTS The 3-factor structure ("Restraint," "Weight/Shape Concerns," and "Body Dissatisfaction") of the EDE-Q-BF fit the data well (χ2 [11] = 18.47; P = .071; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .033; comparative fit index [CFI] > .99; standardized root mean squared residual [SRMR] = .02). Scaler invariance was met for both gender and language. Correlations with external criteria further supported its validity. CONCLUSION The EDE-Q-BF can easily be administered as part of a preoperative psychological assessment battery to screen for eating disorder psychopathology and is valid for Hispanic/Latino/a/x men and women who speak either English or Spanish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Marek
- Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, Texas.
| | - Valentina Ivezaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Program for Obesity, Weight, and Eating Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Manish S Parikh
- Department of General Surgery, Bellevue Hospital/NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Maansi Jayade
- Department of General Surgery, Bellevue Hospital/NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Elissa Davila-Shiau
- Department of General Surgery, Bellevue Hospital/NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Program for Obesity, Weight, and Eating Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Oğuz G, Batmaz S, Toker Uğurlu T, Karabekiroğlu A, Al M, Mert A, Birsen O, Matsar Ay A, Eles V, Derici Ülker B, Sözeri Varma G. Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of Mahony Psychological Assessment for Bariatric Surgery. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2022; 32:331-343. [PMID: 38764887 PMCID: PMC11082636 DOI: 10.5152/pcp.2022.22011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Mahony Psychological Assessment for Bariatric Surgery which can be easily administered and used as a guide by health professionals who will be included in the treatment of patients who are potential candidates for bariatric surgery. Methods A total of 310 patients who were admitted to health institutions for bariatric surgery in 3 different provinces of Turkey answered these questions in the Turkish translation of Mahony Psychological Assessment for Bariatric Surgery. Eating disorder examination questionnaire was also administered to the patients in addition to Mahony Psychological Assessment for Bariatric Surgery. Results Early life problems due to weight scores of women were significantly higher than men (P = .001). Among the age groups, both the early life problems due to weight scores (P = .008) and dysphoric feelings about weight scores (P < .001) of the 18-44 age group were significantly higher than the participants who are over the age of 45. There is a weak-to-medium and positive correlation between the total Mahony Psychological Assessment for Bariatric Surgery total scores and all the subscale and total scores of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (P < .05 for all). These correlation results support the co-validity of Mahony Psychological Assessment for Bariatric Surgery and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. Internal consistency of the Mahony Psychological Assessment for Bariatric Surgery was at a high level except for the subscale of positive treatment attitude and supportive environment. Cronbach's ɑ values were calculated to be 0.902 for the subscale of emotional and binge eating, 0.820 for the early life problems due to weight, 0.856 for the dysphoric feelings about weight, 0.539 for the positive treatment attitude and supportive environment, and 0.919 for the whole scale. Conclusion The analyses have shown that the Turkish version of Mahony Psychological Assessment for Bariatric Surgery may be used in clinical interviews and psychiatric evaluation of bariatric surgery patients in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sedat Batmaz
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Social Sciences University of Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Toker Uğurlu
- Department of Psychiatry, Pamukkale University, School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Aytül Karabekiroğlu
- Department of Psychiatry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Al
- Clinic of Metabolic Surgery, Büyük Anadolu Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Alper Mert
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Servergazi State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Onur Birsen
- Department of General Surgery, Pamukkale University, School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | | | - Vedat Eles
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Midyat State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey
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Aylward L, Konsor M, Cox S. Binge Eating Before and After Bariatric Surgery. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:386-394. [PMID: 36287376 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-022-00486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose is to review the state of the literature of binge eating in the context of bariatric surgery including prevalence, conceptualization, assessment, course, and related sequela throughout the perioperative continuum, particularly highlighting new advancements and future directions. RECENT FINDINGS Accurate assessment of binge eating in bariatric samples is essential for optimization of patient outcomes. Binge eating is less prevalent after bariatric surgery; however, prevalence rates increase over time. Most studies do not find a relationship between pre-operative binge eating and suboptimal weight outcomes after surgery. Refinement in understanding and conceptualization of post-operative binge eating is needed; new conceptualizations have proposed such a definition. Emerging constructs relevant to binge eating for bariatric patients include food addiction and food insecurity. Despite the introduction of formal diagnostic criteria for binge eating disorder, many uncertainties regarding the prevalence, course, and effects of binge eating currently exist; varied assessment methods continue to be a barrier to research on binge eating in bariatric surgery samples. Consensus on operational definitions for post-operative binge eating and best practices for assessment are areas for future consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Aylward
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, Morgantown, USA
| | - Madeline Konsor
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie Cox
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, Morgantown, USA.
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22
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Ghizoni CM, Brasil F, Taconeli CA, Carlos LDO, Saboia F, Baretta GAP, da Cruz MRR, Campos ACL. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALE FOR BARIATRIC SURGERY: THE BARITEST. ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA : ABCD = BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY 2022; 35:e1682. [PMID: 36102490 PMCID: PMC9462854 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020220002e1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is recommended that bariatric surgery candidates undergo psychological assessment. However, no specific instrument exists to assess the psychological well-being of bariatric patients, before and after surgery, and for which all constructs are valid for both genders. AIMS This study aimed to develop and validate a new psychometric instrument to be used before and after bariatric surgery in order to assess psychological outcomes of patients. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study that composed of 660 individuals from the community and bariatric patients. BariTest was developed on a Likert scale consisting of 59 items, distributed in 6 constructs, which assess the psychological well-being that influences bariatric surgery: emotional state, eating behavior, quality of life, relationship with body weight, alcohol consumption, and social support. Validation of BariTest was developed by the confirmatory factor analysis to check the content, criteria, and construct. The R statistical software version 3.5.0 was used in all analyses, and a significance level of 5% was used. RESULTS Adjusted indices of the confirmatory factor analysis model indicate adequate adjustment. Cronbach's alpha of BariTest was 0.93, which indicates good internal consistency. The scores of the emotional state, eating behavior, and quality of life constructs were similar between the results obtained in the community and in the postoperative group, being higher than in the preoperative group. Alcohol consumption was similar in the preoperative and postoperative groups and was lower than the community group. CONCLUSIONS BariTest is a reliable scale measuring the psychological well-being of patients either before or after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fábio Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Pharmaceutical Sciences – Curitiba (PR), Brazil
| | | | | | - Flávia Saboia
- Prometheus Institute, Analytical Psychology – Maringá (PR), Brazil
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Development and Validation of Dietary Behavior Inventory-Surgery (DBI-S) in the Scope of International Post-Bariatric Surgery Guidelines and Recommendations. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183692. [PMID: 36145070 PMCID: PMC9504912 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Dietary behavior is highly relevant for patients after bariatric surgery. No instrument exists assessing adherence to medical guidelines concerning the dietary behavior of patients after bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to develop and validate such an instrument. (2) Data from patients after bariatric surgery (n = 543) were collected from March to May 2022. The development of the DBI-S was theory-based and interdisciplinary. Items’ and content validity of the DBI-S were examined. (3) The final version of the DBI-S consists of 13 items. Convergent validation was confirmed by significant correlations between DBI-S score and attitude towards healthy food (r = 0.26, p = <0.001) and impulsivity (r = −0.26, p = <0.001). Criterion validity was confirmed by significant correlations between DBI-S score and pre-/post-surgery BMI difference (r = −0.14, p = 0.002), pre-/post-surgery weight difference (r = 0.13, p = 0.003), and quality of life (r = 0.19, p = <0.001). Cluster analysis confirmed the ability to distinguish between two dietary behavior clusters (rather healthy and rather unhealthy). (4) The DBI-S is an economic and valid instrument to assess the adherence of post-bariatric surgery patients to the relevant dietary behavior recommendations and guidelines and can distinguish between rather unhealthy and healthy dietary behavior.
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Ivezaj V, Kalarchian MA, King WC, Devlin MJ, Mitchell JE, Crosby RD. Interrater reliability and internal consistency of the eating disorder examination in the longitudinal assessment of bariatric surgery study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2022; 18:1015-1022. [PMID: 35691868 PMCID: PMC9357064 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychometric studies of eating disorder measures within bariatric surgery populations are limited. OBJECTIVES To examine the interrater reliability and internal consistency of the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) among patients before and after bariatric surgery. SETTING Three clinical centers of the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery Research Consortium. METHODS The EDE-Bariatric Surgery Version was administered and audio-recorded by trained interviewers before and at annual assessments after bariatric surgery. Approximately 20% of interviews were randomly selected for rating by a second interviewer. Reliability of the original and brief EDE subscales was examined. RESULTS Interrater reliability of the EDE subscales ranged from .86-.97 for the original subscales and .83-.95 for brief subscales before surgery, and .90-.98 for the original subscales and .92-.97 for brief subscales after bariatric surgery. Interrater agreement (based on kappa) was almost perfect for overeating and binge-eating behaviors and substantial for loss-of-control eating before surgery. Similar interrater agreements (based on kappa) were observed after surgery for subjective overeating and binge-eating episodes. Internal consistency of the subscale and global scores was variable, ranging from .41-.97. CONCLUSION Findings provide support of the interrater reliability of the EDE, albeit with variable internal consistency, before and after bariatric surgery. Despite support for trained raters to reliably assess EDE constructs, variability in internal consistency suggests that further psychometric testing and rigorous scale development of disordered eating may be needed for the bariatric surgery population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wendy C King
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael J Devlin
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - James E Mitchell
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
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25
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Hilbert A, Staerk C, Strömer A, Mansfeld T, Sander J, Seyfried F, Kaiser S, Dietrich A, Mayr A. Nonnormative Eating Behaviors and Eating Disorders and Their Associations With Weight Loss and Quality of Life During 6 Years Following Obesity Surgery. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2226244. [PMID: 35951326 PMCID: PMC9372790 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.26244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Individuals with severe obesity presenting for obesity surgery (OS) frequently show nonnormative eating behaviors (NEBs) and eating disorders (EDs), but the long-term course and prospective associations with weight loss and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence and prospective relevance of presurgical and postsurgical NEBs and EDs according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, diagnosed through clinical interview, for weight loss and HRQOL up to 6 years following OS. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In the prospective, multicenter Psychosocial Registry for Obesity Surgery cohort study, patients seeking OS were recruited at 6 OS centers in Germany and assessed at baseline before surgery and at 6 months and 1 to 6 years after surgery. From a consecutive sample of 1040 volunteers with planned OS from March 1, 2012, to December 31, 2020, a total of 748 (71.92%) were included in this study. Across follow-up, 93 of the 748 patients (12.43%) dropped out. Data were analyzed from April to November 2021. INTERVENTIONS Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Both NEBs and EDs were identified using the Eating Disorder Examination interview. Main outcomes were the percentage of total body weight loss (%TBWL) and HRQOL (Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite; range, 0-100, with 0 indicating worst and 100 indicating best). RESULTS In 748 patients undergoing OS (mean [SD] age, 46.26 [11.44] years; mean [SD] body mass index [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared], 48.38 [8.09]; 513 [68.58%] female), the mean (SD) %TBWL was 26.70% (9.61%), and the mean (SD) HRQOL improvement was 35.41 (20.63) percentage points across follow-up. Both NEBs and EDs were common before surgery, with postsurgical improvements of varying degrees. Whereas NEBs and EDs did not reveal significant prospective associations with %TBWL, loss-of-control eating at follow-up was concurrently associated with lower %TBWL (estimate, -0.09; 95% CI, -0.14 to -0.04). Loss-of-control eating (estimate, -0.10; 95% CI, -0.17 to -0.03 percentage points) and binge-eating disorder of low frequency and/or limited duration (estimate, -6.51; 95% CI, -12.69 to -0.34 percentage points) at follow-up showed significant prospective associations with lower HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cohort study found prospective relevance of loss-of-control eating and binge-eating disorder of low frequency and/or limited duration for reduced long-term HRQOL following OS. These findings underline the importance of monitoring both NEBs, especially loss-of-control eating, and EDs in the long term postsurgically to identify patients in need of targeted prevention or psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Hilbert
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Staerk
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medical Biometrics, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Strömer
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medical Biometrics, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Mansfeld
- Department of General Surgery, Asklepios Clinic, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Sander
- Schön Klinik Hamburg Eilbek, Obesity Clinic, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Seyfried
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kaiser
- Department of Visceral, Pediatric and Vascular Surgery, Hospital Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Arne Dietrich
- Department of Surgery, Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Mayr
- Department of Medical Biometrics, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Di Natale C, Lucidi L, Montemitro C, Pettorruso M, Collevecchio R, Di Caprio L, Giampietro L, Aceto L, Martinotti G, Giannantonio MD. Gender Differences in the Psychopathology of Obesity: How Relevant Is the Role of Binge Eating Behaviors? Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12070955. [PMID: 35884761 PMCID: PMC9321462 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12070955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a condition that affects humans both physically and mentally. Moreover, many psychopathological conditions can be observed in obese patients that may threaten the positive outcomes of bariatric surgery. Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the main psychopathological correlates of obese candidates for bariatric surgery, with particular attention on the relationship between psychopathology and gender. Methods: In total, 273 candidates for bariatric surgery for obesity underwent a psychiatric evaluation using a compilation of psychometric scales: the Revised Symptom Checklist 90-R (SCL-90-R), the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), the Binge Eating Scale (BES), the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT) and the Obesity-Related Well-Being (ORWELL 97). The sample was divided on the basis of gender and binge eating disorder (BED) severity. Comparisons between the groups were performed using an analysis of variance model (ANOVA) or a Pearson’s chi-squared test. Further, we also divided our sample into a severe binge eating group (score > 27), a mild to moderate group (18 < score < 26) and a low/no symptoms group (score < 17). Results: Male and female subjects showed different results for the BES, with higher scores reported among women (17.50 ± 9.59) compared to men (14.08 ± 8.64). Women also showed higher scores across most of the SCL-90-R domains and worse outcomes in terms of quality of life. Both women and men in the severe binge eating group reported higher scores for the SCL-90-R. Conclusion: The symptoms of BED, along with body image dissatisfaction (BID), are among the most important to investigate for candidates for bariatric surgery in order to improve the surgery outcomes. Level of evidence: Level III as the evidence came from a cohort analytic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Natale
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.D.N.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.d.G.)
| | - Lorenza Lucidi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.D.N.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.d.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Chiara Montemitro
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.D.N.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.d.G.)
| | - Mauro Pettorruso
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.D.N.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.d.G.)
| | - Rebecca Collevecchio
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.D.N.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.d.G.)
| | - Lucia Di Caprio
- Psychiatry Department, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital, 63074 San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy;
| | - Luana Giampietro
- Psychiatry Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Liberato Aceto
- Obesity Surgery Center, SS. Annunziata Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.D.N.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.d.G.)
- Department of Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10, UK
| | - Massimo di Giannantonio
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.D.N.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.d.G.)
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Carlos LDO, Ramos MRZ, Wagner NRF, Freitas LACD, Felicidade I, Campos ACL. PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTATION ATTENUATES BINGE EATING AND FOOD ADDICTION 1 YEAR AFTER ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL. ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA : ABCD = BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY 2022; 35:e1659. [PMID: 35766604 PMCID: PMC9254603 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020210002e1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The use of probiotics as adjuvants in the treatment of eating disorders, known as psychobiotics, has already been investigated as a means of modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This study aimed to assess the effect of probiotic supplementation on binge eating and food addiction in subjects after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. METHODS This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 101 patients who received probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07) or placebo supplements for 90 days after bariatric surgery, starting on the seventh postoperative day. They were evaluated preoperatively (T0) and postoperatively at 90 days (T1) and 1 year (T2) after surgery. The Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) and Binge Eating Scale (BES) were applied to assess food addiction and binge eating, respectively. RESULTS Before surgery, one-third of the patients presented with a food addiction and binge eating diagnosis. The number of symptoms of YFAS and the BES score decreased significantly in both groups at T1 compared to T0. However, a significant effect of treatment with probiotics was observed 1 year after surgery (T2). Both the number of symptoms of food addiction and the binge eating score were lower in the probiotic group than in the placebo group (p=0.037 and p=0.030, respectively). CONCLUSION The use of probiotic supplementation for 90 days in the immediate postoperative period may decrease food addiction symptoms and binge eating score up to 1 year after surgery compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ingrid Felicidade
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Biologia Geral - Londrina - PR - Brazil
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Obesity and Psychological Factors Associated with Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery: A Longitudinal Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132690. [PMID: 35807869 PMCID: PMC9268521 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is indicated for treatment of severely obese people and can lead to significant weight loss as well as reduction of comorbidities associated with obesity. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between different psychological factors (e.g., tendency to binge eating, impulsivity, alexithymia), adherence to the nutritional plan, and weight loss after bariatric surgery. Forty-five candidates for bariatric surgery accessing a center for the care of obesity were assessed at T0 (pre-surgery) and T1 (6 months post-surgery) through anthropometric and psychometric measures. Simple linear correlations and linear regressions were conducted to evaluate the relationship between the psychological variables, adherence to nutritional plan, and weight loss 6 months after bariatric surgery. Non-planning impulsivity was the principal factor that succeeded in explaining adherence to the diet plan among all the variables considered. Adherence to the nutritional plan and non-planning impulsivity were considered reliable short-term predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery. This evidence explains the usefulness of promoting research on psychological predictors of outcome in bariatric surgery. Mid- and long-term weight maintenance and quality of life need to be investigated through further follow-up.
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Marquezin MCS, de Oliveira Scudine KG, Lamy E, Finassi CM, Carreira L, Segura WD, Rasera I, Pessotti ER, Castelo PM. Impact of gastroplasty on salivary characteristics, dental health status and oral sensory aspects: a controlled clinical study. J Oral Rehabil 2022; 49:1002-1011. [PMID: 35751503 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saliva is a non-invasive source of biomarkers useful in the study of different pathophysiological conditions. The qualitative and quantitative study of saliva, as well as the assessment of oral health, can be particularly useful for a better understanding of obesity due to its importance in the food oral perception and ingestion. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of treatment of morbid obesity (dietary counselling versus gastroplasty) on salivary characteristics, oral sensory perception and dental health in a controlled study. METHODS 73 adults (60 females; 19-59 years) with morbid obesity were divided in: Control group (CG; n=34) followed-up during a 6-months dietary program, and Gastroplasty group (GG; n=39) evaluated immediately before, 3, and 6 months after gastroplasty. Dietary habits, Oral Health Impact Profile and xerostomia complaints were investigated by interview. The clinical examination included anthropometric and caries experience evaluation. Salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, total protein and alpha-amylase levels, and sensitivity for the 4 basic tastes were assessed. Two-way mixed model and sign test were applied. RESULTS Physical and clinical aspects did not differ between groups in the beginning of the study, and GG showed a rapid weight loss after surgery (p<0.001). An improvement in most of the dietary aspects was observed, especially in the GG. A worsening in the dental health status was observed over time in both groups, with an increase in the number of filled and decayed teeth. CG showed a better oral health-related quality of life, while xerostomia complains increased in GG after gastroplasty. Salivary flow rate remained stable in both groups, but a decrease in buffering capacity, total protein, and alpha-amylase activity was observed in GG after 6-months; taste sensitivity increased from baseline to 6-months in GG (p<0.05). CONCLUSION After 6-months of follow-up, patients undergoing gastroplasty presented an improvement in dietary habits and taste sensitivity. However, changes in saliva composition and a worsening in dental health status and xerostomia complaints were also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Salomé Marquezin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - Kelly Guedes de Oliveira Scudine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - Elsa Lamy
- MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, University of Évora, Portugal
| | - Carolina Martins Finassi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - Laura Carreira
- MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, University of Évora, Portugal
| | - Wilson Dias Segura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - Irineu Rasera
- Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida (FESAR/AFYA), Brazil
| | | | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
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Shank LM, Moursi NA, Tanofsky-Kraff M. Loss-of-Control Eating and Cardiometabolic Health in Relation to Overweight and Obesity. Curr Diab Rep 2022; 22:257-266. [PMID: 35403985 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-022-01466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Loss-of-control (LOC) eating, the subjective feeling of being unable to control what or how much is being consumed, is common. The purpose of this review was to examine the relationships among LOC eating, cardiometabolic health, and weight management intervention outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS In youth and adults, LOC eating is associated with and predictive of psychological symptoms, high weight, and worsened cardiometabolic health. While LOC eating pre-intervention does not appear to impact outcomes, LOC eating during or following is associated with worsened outcomes from behavioral and surgical weight management interventions. When individuals are undergoing weight management interventions, it may be important to regularly assess for LOC eating. There is limited research on the examined relationships in diverse populations (e.g., males, individuals of a lower socio-economic status, racial/ethnic minority groups). Future research should examine these relationships across the lifespan in diverse populations, with a focus on how these relationships can be impacted through targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Shank
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Nasreen A Moursi
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
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Exploring gender, psychiatric symptoms, and eating behaviors as predictors of attrition to bariatric surgery. Am J Surg 2022; 224:999-1003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kirson D, Spierling Bagsic SR, Murphy J, Chang H, Vlkolinsky R, Pucci SN, Prinzi J, Williams CA, Fang SY, Roberto M, Zorrilla EP. Decreased excitability of leptin-sensitive anterior insula pyramidal neurons in a rat model of compulsive food demand. Neuropharmacology 2022; 208:108980. [PMID: 35122838 PMCID: PMC9055870 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.108980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Compulsive eating is an overlapping construct with binge eating that shares many characteristics with substance use disorders. Compulsive eating may impact millions of Americans; presenting in some cases of binge eating disorders, overweight/obesity, and among individuals who have not yet been diagnosed with a recognized eating disorder. To study the behavioral and neurobiological underpinnings of compulsive eating, we employ a published rodent model using cyclic intermittent access to a palatable diet to develop a self-imposed binge-withdrawal cycle. Here, we further validated this model of compulsive eating in female Wistar rats, through the lens of behavioral economic analyses and observed heightened demand intensity, inelasticity and essential value as well as increased food-seeking during extinction. Using electrophysiological recordings in the anterior insular cortex, a region previously implicated in modulating compulsive-like eating in intermittent access models, we observed functional adaptations of pyramidal neurons. Within the same neurons, application of leptin led to further functional adaptations, suggesting a previously understudied, extrahypothalamic role of leptin in modulating feeding-related cortical circuits. Collectively, the findings suggest that leptin may modulate food-related motivation or decision-making via a plastic cortical circuit that is influenced by intermittent access to a preferred diet. These findings warrant further study of whether behavioral economics analysis of compulsive eating can impact disordered eating outcomes in humans and of the translational relevance of a leptin-sensitive anterior insular circuit implicated in these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Kirson
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, 71 S Manassas, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
| | - Samantha R Spierling Bagsic
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Scripps Health, Scripps Whittier Diabetes Institute, 10140 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Jiayuan Murphy
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Hang Chang
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Roman Vlkolinsky
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Sarah N Pucci
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Julia Prinzi
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Casey A Williams
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Savannah Y Fang
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Marisa Roberto
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Eric P Zorrilla
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Gordon EL, Terrill AL, Smith TW, Ibele AR, Martinez P, McGarrity LA. Overvaluation of Shape and Weight (Not BMI) Associated with Depressive Symptoms and Binge Eating Symptoms Pre- and Post-bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2022; 32:2272-2279. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-06062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ivezaj V, Lawson JL, Lydecker JA, Duffy AJ, Grilo CM. Examination of night eating and loss-of-control eating following bariatric surgery. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:207-213. [PMID: 33730344 PMCID: PMC8925302 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Post-operative loss-of-control (LOC)-eating is a negative prognostic indicator for long-term outcomes following bariatric surgery. Emerging research suggests that night eating might also be associated with poorer post-operative outcomes. This study examined the co-occurrence and clinical features of night eating in patients with LOC-eating following bariatric surgery. METHODS Participants were 131 adults who sought treatment for eating/weight concerns 6 months following sleeve gastrectomy. The Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) interview (Bariatric-Surgery-Version) assessed LOC-eating, regular night eating (at least weekly), and eating-disorder psychopathology. Participants completed the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS Approximately, 15% met screening criteria for night-eating syndrome based on the NEQ. Greater NEQ scores were associated significantly with race, lower percent total weight loss (%TWL), and greater EDE, BDI-II, and PSQI scores. Similar results were observed when comparing groups with regular night eating (21.4%) versus without (78.6%); adjusting for race and %TWL revealed similar findings. DISCUSSION In post-bariatric patients with LOC-eating, 15% likely had night-eating syndrome and 21.4% engaged in regular night-eating behavior. The co-occurrence of LOC-eating and regular night eating following sleeve gastrectomy may represent a more severe subgroup with elevated psychopathology, poorer sleep and %TWL. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ivezaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Jessica L Lawson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Janet A Lydecker
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrew J Duffy
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Predictors of binge eating disorder and the impact on the quality of life in patients with severe obesity before bariatric surgery. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.1011364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Prevention of eating disorders in obesity. NUTR HOSP 2022; 39:121-127. [DOI: 10.20960/nh.04187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Martin-Fernandez KW, Martin-Fernandez J, Marek RJ, Ben-Porath YS, Heinberg LJ. Associations among psychopathology and eating disorder symptoms and behaviors in post-bariatric surgery patients. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:2545-2553. [PMID: 33548052 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01111-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A considerable number of post-bariatric surgery patients report problematic eating behaviors (PEBs) and/or eating disorders (EDs). Examining psychosocial variables associated with ED symptoms may identify targets for postoperative interventions to reduce these behaviors and improve surgical outcomes. METHODS A total of 161 participants completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) and the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q). Participants were classified into ED risk or no ED risk groups and subjective binge eating (SBE) or no SBE groups. Independent-sample t tests were computed to examine mean differences in total weight loss (%TWL) and MMPI-2-RF scale scores between the ED groups. Relative Risk Ratios (RRRs) were computed to determine which MMPI-2-RF scales were associated with increased risk of ED group membership. RESULTS The ED risk group lost significantly less weight (19.36% TWL) than the no ED risk group (25.18% TWL). The SBE group lost significantly less weight (17.98% TWL) than the no SBE group (25.57% TWL). Participants in the ED groups scored significantly higher on internalizing and externalizing MMPI-2-RF scales than the no ED groups. These scales were associated with increased risk (1.55-2.55 times the risk) of being classified into the ED groups. CONCLUSIONS Patients who experienced postoperative ED symptoms lost significantly less weight than patients without ED symptoms. Postoperative ED symptoms are related to, and may be impacted by, higher levels of internalizing and externalizing dysfunction after surgery. Postoperative assessment of and interventions targeting psychosocial dysfunction could decrease ED symptoms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ryan J Marek
- Department of Primary Care, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, TX, 77304, USA
| | - Yossef S Ben-Porath
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Leslie J Heinberg
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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Metabolic profiles, energy expenditures, and body compositions of the weight regain versus sustained weight loss patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:2015-2025. [PMID: 34635422 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight regain (WR) has been an emerging problem after Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and little is known about the mechanisms of WR after RYGB. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the mechanisms of WR after RYGB through the postprandial gut hormones response, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which regulates appetite control, energy expenditure, body composition, physical activities, dietary intake, and psychological factors. SETTING Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. METHODS A cross sectional study of 34 patients who underwent RYGB at least 2 years and achieved ≥50% of excess weight loss at 1year was conducted. The subjects were categorized into WR group or sustained weight loss group, based upon whether their WR was ≥15% of postoperative lowest weight. RESULTS The WR group had less augmented postprandial GLP-1 response but exaggerated hyperinsulinemia. Postprandial peptide YY, ghrelin, and glucose were not different between group. Patients who regained weight required less weight-adjusted energy expenditure and had more percentage body fat and less percentage lean mass. The caloric intake and diet composition were comparable between groups; however, the WR group had higher depression scores, binge eating scales, and hunger rating and spent significantly less time on vigorous exercise. CONCLUSIONS The mechanisms of WR in patients who were initially successful after RYGB are complex and involved not only the role of postprandial gut hormone response but are also related to energy expenditure adaptation and body composition changes. Moreover, food preference and physical activity may play roles in weight control after bariatric surgery. Further prospective controlled trial is needed to explore the mechanisms of WR.
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Carter J, Chang J, Birriel TJ, Moustarah F, Sogg S, Goodpaster K, Benson-Davies S, Chapmon K, Eisenberg D. ASMBS position statement on preoperative patient optimization before metabolic and bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:1956-1976. [PMID: 34629296 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Carter
- Clinical Issues Committee, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeons; Department of Clinical Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | - Julietta Chang
- Clinical Issues Committee, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeons; Department of Clinical Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - T Javier Birriel
- Clinical Issues Committee, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeons; Department of Clinical Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Fady Moustarah
- Clinical Issues Committee, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeons; Department of Clinical Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Stephanie Sogg
- Clinical Issues Committee, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeons; Department of Clinical Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Kasey Goodpaster
- Clinical Issues Committee, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeons; Department of Clinical Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sue Benson-Davies
- Clinical Issues Committee, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeons; Department of Clinical Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Katie Chapmon
- Clinical Issues Committee, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeons; Department of Clinical Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Dan Eisenberg
- Clinical Issues Committee, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeons; Department of Clinical Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Bianciardi E, Gentileschi P, Niolu C, Innamorati M, Fabbricatore M, Contini LM, Procenesi L, Siracusano A, Imperatori C. Assessing psychopathology in bariatric surgery candidates: discriminant validity of the SCL-90-R and SCL-K-9 in a large sample of patients. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:2211-2218. [PMID: 33226607 PMCID: PMC8437842 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-01068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pre-surgical psychosocial evaluation of bariatric surgery (BS) patients should identify psychiatric issues that could worsen after surgery and those requiring additional ongoing intervention. In this view, the use of reliable, appropriate and concise evaluating instruments is of critical importance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical utility of both the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and its brief unidimensional version, the so-called Symptom-Checklist-K-9 (SCL-K-9) in detecting the presence of psychiatric disorders among bariatric surgery (BS) candidates. METHODS Seven-hundred-and-ninety-eight BS candidates (563 women and 235 men; mean age: 44.15 ± 11.45) were enrolled in the present study. All participants underwent a full psychiatric interview and were administered the SCL-90-R. RESULTS Three-hundred-and-sixty-two patients (45.4%) met the criteria for a diagnosis of at least one psychiatric disorder and ninety-nine patients (12.4%) had psychiatric comorbidities. In the current sample, 219 patients (27.4%) met the criteria for binge eating disorders (BED), 158 (19.8%) met the criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD), and 67 (8.4%) met both criteria. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves procedure showed that both the SCL-90-R and the SCL-K-9 satisfactorily categorize patients with any psychiatric disorder, both BED and MDD (area under the ROC curve ≥ 0.70, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the SCL-90-R and the SCL-K-9 may represent first-level screening tests identifying at-risk patients, eligible for a more expensive or time-consuming clinical assessment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional, descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Bianciardi
- Psychiatric Chair, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Cracovia, 50, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Gentileschi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Niolu
- Psychiatric Chair, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Cracovia, 50, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Fabbricatore
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maria Contini
- Psychiatric Chair, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Cracovia, 50, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Procenesi
- Psychiatric Chair, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Cracovia, 50, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Psychiatric Chair, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Cracovia, 50, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Imperatori
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Wright C, Mutsekwa RN, Hamilton K, Campbell KL, Kelly J. Are eHealth interventions for adults who are scheduled for or have undergone bariatric surgery as effective as usual care? A systematic review. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:2065-2080. [PMID: 34474983 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of eHealth-delivered interventions for adults who undergo bariatric surgery on postoperative weight loss, weight loss maintenance, eating psychopathology, quality of life, depression screening, and self-efficacy. Six electronic databases were searched, with 14 studies (across 17 reports) included, involving 1633 participants. With substantial heterogeneity, qualitative descriptions have been provided. Interventions were delivered via an online program or internet modules (n = 2), telephone (n = 2), text messages (n = 2), videoconferencing (n = 3), mobile application (n = 1), and audiovisual media (n = 1). Three studies included a combination, including internet modules and telephone (n = 1), wireless fidelity scales, emails, and telephone (n = 1), and a combination of online treatment, weekly emails, and access to a private Facebook group (n = 1). All the eHealth interventions, except for one, implemented behavior change techniques, including self-monitoring, problem solving, social support, goal setting, and shaping knowledge. Both eHealth intervention and control groups lost weight across the included studies, and eHealth was found to be as effective as or more effective than the control for weight loss. Two studies measured weight loss maintenance; both eHealth and control groups regained weight in the longer term. The interventions showed significant improvement on assessment measures for eating psychopathology. In conclusion, when bariatric surgery patients have limited or no access to healthcare teams or require additional support, eHealth may be a suitable option. Future studies implementing eHealth interventions would benefit from reporting intervention components as per the behavior change techniques taxonomy and further consideration of delivering eHealth in a stepped care approach would be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene Wright
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Applied Health Economics and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
| | - Rumbidzai N Mutsekwa
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Applied Health Economics and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia; Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Nutrition and Food Service Department, Queensland, Australia; School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kyra Hamilton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrina L Campbell
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Applied Health Economics and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia; Healthcare Excellence and Innovation, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jaimon Kelly
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Applied Health Economics and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia; Centre for Online Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
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Emery RL, Benno MT, Kleih T, Bell E, Mason SM, Levine MD. Childhood traumatic events and loss of control eating in pregnancy: Findings from a community sample of women with overweight and obesity. Eat Behav 2021; 42:101513. [PMID: 33966990 PMCID: PMC8380671 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although eating disorder symptoms generally decrease in pregnancy, loss of control eating (LOC), defined by the consumption of food accompanied by a sense of being unable to control what or how much is eaten, often persists and may develop in pregnancy. Given that LOC is associated with higher weight status and psychological distress, it is important to understand factors associated with perinatal LOC. Although childhood traumatic events have been linked to LOC in non-pregnant women, the impact of such events on LOC in pregnancy is unknown. Accordingly, the present study aimed to examine the association between a history of childhood traumatic events and LOC prior to and during pregnancy among a community sample of pregnant women with overweight or obesity. Pregnant women (N = 244) were enrolled in a longitudinal study. Women completed interviews between 12 and 20 weeks gestation to document a history of childhood traumatic events and the presence of LOC in the three months prior to and during their current pregnancy. Women were assessed for LOC monthly for the remainder of pregnancy. Results from a multinomial regression model showed that women with a history of childhood traumatic events had higher odds of engaging in LOC both prior to and during pregnancy (OR = 2.52, 95% CI [1.13, 5.64], p = 0.02) but not during pregnancy only (OR = 1.58, 95% CI [0.87, 2.89], p = 0.39). These findings indicate that women with a history of childhood traumatic events may be especially prone to LOC in the months prior to conception that continues throughout pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Emery
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Maria Tina Benno
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Theresa Kleih
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Bell
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Susan M Mason
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michele D Levine
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Aouad P, Stedal K, Walø-Syversen G, Hay P, Lindvall Dahlgren C. Chew and spit (CHSP) in bariatric patients: a case series. J Eat Disord 2021; 9:89. [PMID: 34289898 PMCID: PMC8296715 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-021-00441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies into the disordered eating behaviour of chew and spit have alluded to several cohorts more likely to engage in the behaviour, one such group being bariatric surgery candidates and patients. Weight-loss surgery candidates have received little to no attention regarding engaging in chew and spit behaviour. Changes in pre- and post- surgery eating pathology related to chew and spit behaviour has yet to be explored and described in academic literature. CASE PRESENTATION The current study reports on three cases of individual women, aged 30, 35, and 62 respectively, who indicated engagement in chew and spit. All three cases underwent bariatric surgery (two underwent gastric bypass, one underwent vertical sleeve gastrectomy). Eating pathology-including chew and spit behaviour, anxiety and depression, and adherence to the Norwegian nutritional guidelines were examined pre-operatively and post-operatively (one and two-year follow-up). At baseline (pre-surgery), two participants reported that they engaged in chew and spit, compared to one patient post-surgery. All three cases reported that they, to at least some extent, adhered to dietary guidelines post-surgery. Subjective bingeing frequency appeared to be relatively low for all three cases, further declining in frequency at one-year follow-up. At baseline, one participant reported clinically significant depression and anxiety, with no clinically significant depression or anxiety reported at follow-ups in participants that chew and spit. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides a starting point for the exploration of chew and spit as a pathological symptom of disordered eating in bariatric patients. It highlights the need to further explore chew and spit before and after weight-loss surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Aouad
- InsideOut Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. .,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kristin Stedal
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gro Walø-Syversen
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Camilla Lindvall Dahlgren
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
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The Development of Feeding and Eating Disorders after Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072396. [PMID: 34371904 PMCID: PMC8308796 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients in the postoperative period following bariatric surgery are at risk of developing eating disorders. This study aims to analyze the relation between bariatric surgery and the development and recurrence of eating disorders. Material and methods: A literature review was carried out on 15 November 2020. Fourteen studies that met the eligibility criteria were included for qualitative synthesis, and 7 studies for meta-analysis. Results: The prevalence of eating disorders in the postoperative period was 7.83%, based on the 7 studies in the meta-analysis. Binge eating disorder alone was 3.81%, which was the most significant factor, and addressed in 6 of these studies. Conclusion: The investigated studies have significant methodological limitations in assessing the relation between bariatric surgery and eating disorders, since they mostly present data on prevalence. PROSPERO CRD42019135614.
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Reents J, Pedersen A. Differences in Food Craving in Individuals With Obesity With and Without Binge Eating Disorder. Front Psychol 2021; 12:660880. [PMID: 34149552 PMCID: PMC8206470 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.660880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Overeating behavior is supposedly a major contributing factor to weight gain and obesity. Binge eating disorder (BED) with reoccurring episodes of excessive overeating is strongly associated with obesity. Learning models of overeating behavior and BED assume that mere confrontation with food leads to a conditioned response that is experienced as food craving. Accordingly, individuals with obesity and BED were shown to have high trait food cravings. To date, little is known about differences in state food cravings and cue reactivity at the sight of palatable food in individuals with obesity and BED compared to individuals with obesity without BED. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine differences in cue-induced, state and trait food cravings in people with obesity with and without BED. We found that all aspects of food cravings were more prevalent in individuals with obesity and BED than in individuals without BED. By implementing a food cue reactivity paradigm, our results show that individuals with obesity with BED have more cue-induced cravings than individuals with obesity without BED. Moreover, these cue-induced cravings in individuals with obesity and BED were highest for high-fat and high-sugar foods as opposed to low-calorie foods. Thus, our results emphasize the role of increased cue reactivity and craving at the sight of palatable foods in individuals with obesity and BED. Hence, our findings support etiological models of conditioned binge eating and are in line with interventions targeting cue reactivity in BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Reents
- Institut für Psychologie, Philosophische Fakultät, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anya Pedersen
- Institut für Psychologie, Philosophische Fakultät, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Corminboeuf Y, Wild B, Zdrojewski C, Schellberg D, Favre L, Suter M, Stiefel F. BMI Course Over 10 Years After Bariatric Surgery and Biopsychosocial Complexity Assessed with the INTERMED: a Retrospective Study. Obes Surg 2021; 31:3996-4004. [PMID: 33982239 PMCID: PMC8397640 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background While bariatric surgery is an effective therapy for patients with severe obesity, not all patients benefit equally. An explanation might be that psychosocial risk factors hamper outcome. The study aimed to evaluate if biopsychosocial case complexity predicts evolution of BMI over 10 years after bariatric surgery. Methods Charts of patients (N = 236) of the Cohort of Obesity Lausanne (COOL) were retrospectively reviewed and rated with the INTERMED, a reliable and validated instrument, which assesses biopsychosocial case complexity and has been proven to predict outcome of medical treatments in different patient populations. The sample was stratified into BMI quartiles, computed from the patients’ baseline BMI. For each quartile, BMI evolution was analyzed using individual growth curve analysis. Results Growth curve analyses showed that in quartiles 1, 2, and 3, none of the INTERMED domain scores significantly predicted the BMI evolution after surgery. However, in the fourth quartile—including patients with the highest pre-surgical BMI—the social domain score of the INTERMED significantly predicted BMI evolution: patients with more social complexity showed higher increase in BMI. Conclusion Effectiveness of interventions targeted at social complexity, especially when patients suffer from severe obesity, may therefore be evaluated in future studies. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Corminboeuf
- Psychiatric Liaison Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Beate Wild
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Catherine Zdrojewski
- Psychiatric Liaison Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Schellberg
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucie Favre
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Suter
- Department of Surgery, Riviera-Chablais Hospital, Aigle-Monthey, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Stiefel
- Psychiatric Liaison Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Graham AK, Munson SA, Reddy M, Neubert SW, Green EA, Chang A, Spring B, Mohr DC, Wildes JE. Integrating User-Centered Design and Behavioral Science to Design a Mobile Intervention for Obesity and Binge Eating: Mixed Methods Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e23809. [PMID: 33970114 PMCID: PMC8145081 DOI: 10.2196/23809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accounting for how end users engage with technologies is imperative for designing an efficacious mobile behavioral intervention. Objective This mixed methods analysis examined the translational potential of user-centered design and basic behavioral science to inform the design of a new mobile intervention for obesity and binge eating. Methods A total of 22 adults (7/22, 32% non-Hispanic White; 8/22, 36% male) with self-reported obesity and recurrent binge eating (≥12 episodes in 3 months) who were interested in losing weight and reducing binge eating completed a prototyping design activity over 1 week. Leveraging evidence from behavioral economics on choice architecture, participants chose treatment strategies from 20 options (aligned with treatment targets composing a theoretical model of the relation between binge eating and weight) to demonstrate which strategies and treatment targets are relevant to end users. The process by which participants selected and implemented strategies and their change in outcomes were analyzed. Results Although prompted to select one strategy, participants selected between 1 and 3 strategies, citing perceived achievability, helpfulness, or relevance as selection reasons. Over the week, all practiced a strategy at least once; 82% (18/22) struggled with implementation, and 23% (5/22) added a new strategy. Several themes emerged on successes and challenges with implementation, yielding design implications for supporting users in behavior change. In postexperiment reflections, 82% (18/22) indicated the strategy was helpful, and 86% (19/22) planned to continue use. One-week average within-subject changes in weight (–2.2 [SD –5.0] pounds) and binge eating (–1.6 [SD –1.8] episodes) indicated small clinical improvement. Conclusions Applying user-centered design and basic behavioral science yielded design insights to incorporate personalization through user choice with guidance, which may enhance engagement with and potential efficacy of digital health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Graham
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sean A Munson
- Department of Human Centered Design & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Madhu Reddy
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Communication Studies, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sarah W Neubert
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Emilie A Green
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Angela Chang
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Bonnie Spring
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David C Mohr
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jennifer E Wildes
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Williams-Kerver GA, Steffen KJ, Smith KE, Cao L, Crosby RD, Engel SG. Negative Affect and Loss of Control Eating Among Bariatric Surgery Patients: an Ecological Momentary Assessment Pilot Investigation. Obes Surg 2021; 30:2382-2387. [PMID: 32125646 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research shows that loss of control (LOC) eating impacts weight outcomes following bariatric surgery, but mechanisms explaining the development and/or maintenance of post-surgical LOC eating remain unclear. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) research among eating disorder populations has demonstrated prospective relationships between negative affect (NA) and LOC eating; however, this momentary effect has not been examined among bariatric surgery patients. Thus, this study used EMA data to examine momentary relationships between NA and LOC eating among pre- and post-bariatric surgery patients. METHODS Fourteen pre- and 17 post-RYGB patients completed 2 weeks of EMA data collection. Participants responded to seven signals daily wherein they rated their mood and severity of LOC eating. RESULTS Higher momentary NA predicted more severe LOC eating for all participants. Group had a moderating effect, demonstrating that the association between NA and LOC eating was stronger among the post-surgery group. Percent total body weight loss (%TBWL) had a moderating effect within the post-surgery group, demonstrating that the relationship between NA and LOC eating was stronger for those who experienced less weight loss. Finally, between-subjects analyses revealed that, for individuals with lower %TBWL, lower overall NA and higher overall positive affect (PA) were related to greater LOC eating. CONCLUSIONS This research demonstrates that affect influences the effect of LOC eating on weight loss following bariatric surgery. While further work is needed to extend these preliminary findings, this research suggests that affective experience might become an important target in the assessment and treatment of LOC eating among bariatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A Williams-Kerver
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research, 120 South 8th St., PO Box 2010, Fargo, ND, 58122, USA.
| | - Kristine J Steffen
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research, 120 South 8th St., PO Box 2010, Fargo, ND, 58122, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA
| | - Kathryn E Smith
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research, 120 South 8th St., PO Box 2010, Fargo, ND, 58122, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street #2200, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Li Cao
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research, 120 South 8th St., PO Box 2010, Fargo, ND, 58122, USA
| | - Ross D Crosby
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research, 120 South 8th St., PO Box 2010, Fargo, ND, 58122, USA
| | - Scott G Engel
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research, 120 South 8th St., PO Box 2010, Fargo, ND, 58122, USA
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Watson C, Riazi A, Ratcliffe D. Exploring the Experiences of Women Who Develop Restrictive Eating Behaviours After Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2021; 30:2131-2139. [PMID: 32060849 PMCID: PMC7475057 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04424-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the experiences of women who had developed excessively restrictive eating behaviours following bariatric surgery. METHOD Five female participants, who were at least nine months post-bariatric surgery and exhibiting restrictive eating behaviours, were recruited from Bariatric Surgery Psychology Services and asked to complete qualitative face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The data was analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). RESULTS Three super-ordinate themes emerged: (1) experiences of weight stigma and weight history on self, (2) the impact of loose skin, (3) thoughts about food and disordered eating patterns. These captured the impact of past weight-related experiences-including weight stigma, intense fears of weight gain, negative cognitions about the self, the impact of excess skin, changes in the way the women thought about food and restrictive eating behaviours. DISCUSSION This study is one of the first to specifically explore restrictive eating disorders after bariatric surgery using a qualitative approach. The findings of this study may offer helpful aspects for professionals to hold in mind when identifying individuals with problematic restrictive eating behaviours following bariatric surgery. Body contouring surgery, internalised weight bias and weight stigma are explored in relation to the post-bariatric surgery treatment pathway. The current diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa are discussed to highlight difficulties in diagnosing this presentation in the post-bariatric surgery population, where people can have BMIs over 25 kg/m2 but are severely restricting energy intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Watson
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK.
| | - Afsane Riazi
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK
| | - Denise Ratcliffe
- Bariatric Surgery Psychology Department, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham, London, UK
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Oved I, Endevelt R, Mardy-Tilbor L, Raziel A, Sherf-Dagan S. Health Status, Eating, and Lifestyle Habits in the Long Term Following Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2021; 31:2979-2987. [PMID: 33829384 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is an established bariatric procedure. However, long-term data on eating and lifestyle behaviors and their effect on weight outcomes are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to examine these long-term behaviors and their associations to weight outcomes following SG. METHODS A long-term follow-up study (>5 years post-surgery) of 266 adult patients admitted to a primary SG surgery during 2008-2012 and who participated in a pre-surgery study was conducted. Data on pre-surgery demographics, anthropometrics, and medical status were obtained from the patients' medical records. Data on long-term health status, anthropometrics, lifestyle and eating habits, eating pathologies, follow-up regime, and satisfaction from the surgery were collected by an interview phone calls according to a structured questionnaire. RESULTS Data of 169 patients were available before and 7.8±1.0 years post-SG. Their baseline mean age was 41.8±11.3 years, and 71.6% of them were females. The mean post-surgery excess weight loss (EWL) was 53.2±31.2%, and 54.2% had EWL of ≥50%. Eating 3-6 meals per day, not having the urge to eat after dinner, separating liquids from solids, avoiding carbonated beverages, and performing physical activity were related to better weight-loss outcomes (P≤0.026). However, frequent need for eating sweets, binge eating, and feeling guilty or sad after eating were related to worse weight-loss outcomes (P≤0.010). Furthermore, only a minority reported taking a multivitamin and participating in follow-up meetings after more than 1 year since the surgery (≤21.3%). CONCLUSIONS In the long term following SG, approximately half achieved EWL of ≥50%, and physical activity, certain eating patterns, and eating pathologies were related to weight outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Oved
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ronit Endevelt
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,Nutrition Division, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Asnat Raziel
- Assia Medical Group, Assuta Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shiri Sherf-Dagan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ramat HaGolan St 65, 40700, Ariel, Israel. .,Department of Nutrition, Assuta Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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