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Leary M, Skinner JA, Pursey KM, Verdejo-Garcia A, Collins R, Collins C, Hay P, Burrows TL. The effectiveness of the TRACE online nutrition intervention in improving dietary intake, sleep quality and physical activity levels for Australian adults with food addiction: a randomised controlled trial. J Hum Nutr Diet 2024. [PMID: 38652589 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few interventions for food addiction (FA) report on dietary intake variables. The present study comprised a three-arm randomised controlled trial in adults with symptoms of FA. The aim was to evaluate dietary intake, sleep and physical activity resulting from a dietitian-led telehealth intervention at 3 months. METHODS Adults with ≥3 symptoms of FA and a body mass index > 18.5 kg/m2 were recruited. Dietary intake including energy, nutrients and diet quality were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire in addition to sleep quality and physical activity (total min) and compared between groups and over time. Personalised dietary goals set by participants were examined to determine whether improvements in percent energy from core and non-core foods were reported. RESULTS The active intervention group was superior compared to the passive intervention and control groups for improvements in percent energy from core (6.4%/day [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.0 to 12.9], p = 0.049), non-core foods (-6.4%/day [95% CI -12.9 to 0.0], p = 0.049), sweetened drinks (-1.7%/day [95% CI -2.9 to -0.4], p = 0.013), takeaway foods (-2.3%/day [95% CI -4.5 to -0.1], p = 0.045) and sodium (-478 mg/day [95% CI -765 to -191 mg], p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A dietitian-led telehealth intervention for Australian adults with FA found significant improvements in dietary intake variables. Setting personalised goals around nutrition and eating behaviours was beneficial for lifestyle change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Leary
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Janelle A Skinner
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirrilly M Pursey
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Mental Health Services, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, NSW, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Hamamah S, Hajnal A, Covasa M. Influence of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota Composition and Its Implication on Brain and Peripheral Targets. Nutrients 2024; 16:1071. [PMID: 38613104 PMCID: PMC11013759 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity remains a significant global health challenge, with bariatric surgery remaining as one of the most effective treatments for severe obesity and its related comorbidities. This review highlights the multifaceted impact of bariatric surgery beyond mere physical restriction or nutrient malabsorption, underscoring the importance of the gut microbiome and neurohormonal signals in mediating the profound effects on weight loss and behavior modification. The various bariatric surgery procedures, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), act through distinct mechanisms to alter the gut microbiome, subsequently impacting metabolic health, energy balance, and food reward behaviors. Emerging evidence has shown that bariatric surgery induces profound changes in the composition of the gut microbiome, notably altering the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enhancing populations of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia. These microbiota shifts have far-reaching effects beyond gut health, influencing dopamine-mediated reward pathways in the brain and modulating the secretion and action of key gut hormones including ghrelin, leptin, GLP-1, PYY, and CCK. The resultant changes in dopamine signaling and hormone levels contribute to reduced hedonic eating, enhanced satiety, and improved metabolic outcomes. Further, post-bariatric surgical effects on satiation targets are in part mediated by metabolic byproducts of gut microbiota like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids, which play a pivotal role in modulating metabolism and energy expenditure and reducing obesity-associated inflammation, as well as influencing food reward pathways, potentially contributing to the regulation of body weight and reduction in hedonic eating behaviors. Overall, a better understanding of these mechanisms opens the door to developing non-surgical interventions that replicate the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery on the gut microbiome, dopamine signaling, and gut hormone regulation, offering new avenues for obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 9176, USA;
| | - Andras Hajnal
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 9176, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 7200229 Suceava, Romania
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Skinner JA, Leary M, Whatnall M, Collins RA, Pursey KM, Verdejo-Garcia A, Hay PJ, Baker AL, Hides L, Paxton SJ, Wood LG, Colyvas K, Collins CE, Burrows TL. A three-arm randomised controlled trial of a telehealth intervention targeting improvement in addictive eating for Australian adults (the TRACE program). Appetite 2024; 195:107211. [PMID: 38215944 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
There is a substantial research base for addictive eating with development of interventions. The current 3-arm RCT aimed to investigate the efficacy of the TRACE (Targeted Research for Addictive and Compulsive Eating) program to decrease addictive eating symptoms and improve mental health. Participants (18-85 yrs) endorsing ≥3 addictive eating symptoms were randomly allocated to 1) active intervention, 2) passive intervention, or 3) control group. Primary outcome was change in addictive eating symptoms 3-months post-baseline measured by the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Depression, anxiety and stress were also assessed. A total of 175 individuals were randomised. Using Linear Mixed Models, from baseline to 3-months, there was significant improvement in symptom scores in all groups with mean decrease of 4.7 (95% CI: -5.8, -3.6; p < 0.001), 3.8 (95% CI: -5.2, -2.4; p < 0.001) and 1.5 (95% CI: -2.6, -0.4; p = 0.01) respectively. Compared with the control group, participants in the active intervention were five times more likely to achieve a clinically significant change in symptom scores. There was a significant reduction in depression scores in the active and passive intervention groups, but not control group [-2.9 (95% CI: -4.5, -1.3); -2.3 (95% CI: -4.3, -0.3); 0.5 (95% CI: -1.1, 2.1), respectively]; a significant reduction in stress scores within the active group, but not passive intervention or control groups [-1.3 (95% CI: -2.2, -0.5); -1.0 (95% CI: -2.1, 0.1); 0.4 (95% CI: -0.5, 1.2), respectively]; and the reduction in anxiety scores over time was similar for all groups. A dietitian-led telehealth intervention for addictive eating in adults was more effective than a passive or control condition in reducing addictive eating scores from baseline to 6 months. Trial registration: Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12621001079831.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle A Skinner
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Mark Leary
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Megan Whatnall
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Rebecca A Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Kirrilly M Pursey
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Phillipa J Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2751, Australia; Mental Health Services, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Amanda L Baker
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Leanne Hides
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Susan J Paxton
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Latrobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Lisa G Wood
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Kim Colyvas
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.
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Pimenta GP, Dandin O, Caporossi C, Aguilar Nascimento JE. RESIDUAL GASTRIC VOLUME IN MORBIDLY OBESE DIABETICS AFTER AN OVERNIGHT FASTING OR 3 HOURS OF A CARBOHYDRATE-ENRICHED SUPPLEMENT: A RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER PILOT STUDY. Arq Bras Cir Dig 2024; 36:e1791. [PMID: 38324852 PMCID: PMC10841525 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020230073e1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reduce the risk of regurgitation during anesthesia for elective procedures, residual gastric volumes (RGV) have traditionally been minimized by overnight fasting. Prolonged preoperative fasting presents some adverse consequences and has been abandoned for most surgical procedures, except for obese and/or diabetic patients. AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the RGV in morbidly obese diabetic patients after traditional or abbreviated fasting. METHODS This study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Research with Human Beings from the Federal University of Mato Grosso, under number 179.017/2012. This is a prospective, randomized, and crossover design study in eight morbidly obese type II diabetic patients. RGV was measured endoscopically after either traditional overnight fasting of at least 8 hours, or after abbreviated fasting of 6 hours for solids and 3 hours for a drink containing water plus 25 g (12.5%) of maltodextrin. Data were expressed as mean and range and differences were compared with paired t-tests at p<0.05. RESULTS The study population had a mean age of 41.5 years (28-53), weight of 135 kg (113-196), body mass index of 48.2 kg/m2 (40-62.4), and type II diabetes for 4.5 years (1-10). The RGV after abbreviated fasting was 21.5 ml (5-40) vs 26.3 ml (7-65) after traditional fasting. This difference was not significant (p=0.82). CONCLUSIONS Gastric emptying in morbidly obese diabetic patients is similar after either traditional or abbreviated fasting with a carbohydrate drink.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cervantes Caporossi
- Universidade de Varzea Grande, Department of Surgery - Varzea Grande (MT), Brazil
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Moszak M, Pelczyńska M, Wesołek A, Stenclik D, Bogdański P. Does gut microbiota affect the success of weight loss? Evidence and speculation. Nutrition 2023; 116:112111. [PMID: 37562188 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic state of excessive fat accumulation in the body, characterized by significant relapse and complicated by a range of health consequences. In the treatment of obesity, a holistic approach including diet, physical activity, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery, and psychological support is recommended. The implications of gut microbiota (GM) as a pathogenic factor in excess body weight have been discussed, and microbial-targeted therapies-including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics-are considered adjuvant in obesity management. Many studies have focused on assessing the effectiveness of probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics in weight control, although with inconclusive results, mainly because of the significant heterogeneity of the studies (with different strains, doses, forms, interventional durations, and outcomes). It is also unclear whether using probiotics or synbiotics accompanied by weight loss dietary interventions or as a part of bariatric surgery will be more effective in obesity management, not only in the short-term but also for long-term weight loss maintenance. The aim of this study was to collect and compare the available scientific data on the effectiveness of probiotic or synbiotic supplementation (as a single therapy versus as part of dietary interventions, pharmacotherapy, or bariatric therapy) on weight control in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Moszak
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Marta Pelczyńska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wesołek
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dominika Stenclik
- Student Scientific Club of Clinical Dietetics, Department of the Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Wang Y, Zheng Y, Kuang L, Yang K, Xie J, Liu X, Shen S, Li X, Wu S, Yang Y, Shi J, Wu J, Wang Y. Effects of probiotics in patients with morbid obesity undergoing bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:1029-1042. [PMID: 37674033 PMCID: PMC10600003 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are commonly used after bariatric surgery. However, uncertainty remains regarding their effects. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the effect of probiotics in patients with morbid obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Science Direct, and Web of Science were searched from inception to April 4, 2023. No language restrictions were applied. Relevant randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials were included. We used the aggregated data extracted from the trials and assessed the heterogeneity. When severe heterogeneity was detected, a random effect model was used. All stages of the review were done by independent authors. RESULTS We screened 2024 references and included 11 randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials. Compared with the protocol groups, probiotics showed significant effects on regulating aspartate amino transferase level (MD = -4.32 U/L; 95% CI [-7.10, -1.53], p = 0.002), triglycerides (MD = -20.16 mg/dL; 95% CI [-34.51, -5.82], p = 0.006), weight (MD = -1.99 kg; 95% CI [-3.97, -0.01], p = 0.05), vitamin B12 (MD = 2.24 pg/dL; 95% CI [-0.02, 4.51], p = 0.05), dietary energy (MD = -151.03 kcal; 95% CI [-215.68, -86.37], p < 0.00001), dietary protein (MD = -4.48 g/day, 95% CI [-8.76, -0.20], p = 0.04), dietary carbohydrate (MD = -34.25 g/day, 95% CI [-44.87, -23.62], p < 0.00001), and dietary fiber (MD = -2.17 g/day, 95% CI [-3.21, -1.14], p < 0.0001). There were no severe side effects related to probiotics. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis suggested that probiotics may delay the progression of liver function injury, improve lipid metabolism, reduce weight, and reduce food intake, although the effects on other indicators were insignificant. Probiotics may be helpful for patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The review was registered on PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews): CRD42023407970. No primary source of funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Youwei Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Lirun Kuang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Keyu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Jiaji Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Xinde Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Shan Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Xinchao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Shiran Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Yuyi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Jiafei Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Jialiang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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Reichmann MTF, Duarte A, Ivano F, Campos ACL. Factors Involved in the Evolution of the Basal Metabolic Rate over 30 Months After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. Obes Surg 2023; 33:3494-3501. [PMID: 37792252 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), the basal metabolic rate (BMR) falls. However, it is important to know how BMR per kilogram of body weight (BMR/kg) varies in the postoperative period. The present study evaluated the changes in the BMR/kg and its correlates over 30 months after RYGB. METHODS Eighty adult patients of both genders who underwent RYGB agreed to participate in the study. The following evaluations were performed before surgery (n=48) and 6 (n=27), 12 (n=28), 24 (n=40), and 30 months (n=29) after surgery: anthropometry, body composition (bioelectrical impedance), metabolic analysis (indirect calorimetry), and diet (food recall). Statistical analysis was performed (p = 0.05). RESULTS Although BMR decreased after surgery, BMR/kg increased significantly as compared to baseline from 12 months onward, peaking at 24 months and not significantly dipping at 30 months, suggesting stabilization of BMR/kg 2 years after surgery (pre, 10.68 ± 2.33 kcal/kg; 12 months, 12.46 ± 2.85 kcal/kg; 24 months, 18.78 ± 4.81 kcal/kg; 30 months, 18.12 ± 3.69 kcal/kg; p <0.001). Regarding the variables that influenced the BMR/kg, at 12 months, they were %LBM and intake of calcium-source foods (34%); at 24 months, it was protein intake (16%); and at 30 months, it was the intake of calcium-source foods (26.7%). CONCLUSION RYGB is associated with a significant increase in BMR when it is adjusted to body weight from 12 to 24 months postoperatively. Among the factors involved in the increase in BMR/kg are body composition and intake of protein-rich foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle T F Reichmann
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua General Carneiro, 181, Centro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
- , Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Alexia Duarte
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua General Carneiro, 181, Centro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Flavio Ivano
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição, Curitiba, PR, 1155, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos L Campos
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua General Carneiro, 181, Centro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Mir HD, Giorgini G, Di Marzo V. The emerging role of the endocannabinoidome-gut microbiome axis in eating disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 154:106295. [PMID: 37229916 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Among the sources of chemical signals regulating food intake, energy metabolism and body weight, few have attracted recently as much attention as the expanded endocannabinoid system, or endocannabinoidome (eCBome), and the gut microbiome, the two systems on which this review article is focussed. Therefore, it is legitimate to expect that these two systems also play a major role in the etiopathology of eating disorders (EDs), in particular of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder. The major mechanisms through which, also via interactions with other endogenous signaling systems, the eCBome, with its several lipid mediators and receptors, and the gut microbiome, via its variety of microbial kingdoms, phyla and species, and armamentarium of metabolites, intervene in these disorders, are described here, based on several published studies in either experimental models or patients. Additionally, in view of the emerging multi-faceted cross-talk mechanisms between these two complex systems, we discuss the possibility that the eCBome-gut microbiome axis is also involved in EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayatte-Dounia Mir
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Pneumologie et Cardiologie (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (FMED), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Giada Giorgini
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Pneumologie et Cardiologie (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (FMED), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Unité Mixte Internationale en Recherche Chimique et Biomoléculaire sur le Microbiome et son Impact sur la Santé Métabolique et la Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu) entre l'Université Laval, Québec, Canada, et le Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB-CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy; Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Pneumologie et Cardiologie (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (FMED), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Unité Mixte Internationale en Recherche Chimique et Biomoléculaire sur le Microbiome et son Impact sur la Santé Métabolique et la Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu) entre l'Université Laval, Québec, Canada, et le Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB-CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy; Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; École de nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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de Melo Barros L, da Silva Júnior AE, Praxedes DRS, Monteiro MBL, de Lima Macena M, Bueno NB. Prevalence of food addiction determined by the Yale Food Addiction Scale in Latin America: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:677-690. [PMID: 36722629 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Food addiction (FA) has been extensively investigated worldwide; however, the prevalence of FA in the Latin American population has yet to be established and past work has largely neglected the specificities of this region, that includes the most significant economic disparities in the world. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of FA measured by the Yale Food Addiction Scale in Latin America. METHOD The search was performed on MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, LILACS, IBECS, SciELO, PsycArticles, CENTRAL, and the gray literature. FA prevalence data were collected, and random effects meta-analyses were performed to calculate the overall weighted prevalence, the prevalence by country, and by clinical and non-clinical samples. RESULTS A total of 10,082 occurrences were identified through database searches, and 23 studies were included (Mexico = 9; Brazil = 7; Chile = 4; Argentina = 1; Peru = 1; Uruguay = 1). The prevalence of FA found in clinical samples was 38% (95% CI: 16%-63%; I2 = 98.67%; 8 studies), while in non-clinical samples, it was 15% (95% CI: 10%-21%; I2 = 98.51%; 15 studies). DISCUSSION The average prevalence of FA in the Latin American countries included here was in accordance with that reported in other regions worldwide. It is noteworthy that the studies were conducted only in six countries, which are among those with the highest income in the region and do not represent the situation in native populations or those with lower purchasing power. This gap in the data also reflects the effects of economic disparities on the availability of empirical data in the region. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE The prevalence of food addiction in Latin America was similar to that reported in other regions. It was higher among individuals with overweight, whether or not undergoing bariatric surgery, than in non-clinical samples. These findings contribute to aggregate information about this condition that has drawn the attention of clinicians and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila de Melo Barros
- Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo (LANUM), Faculdade de Nutrição (FANUT), Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - André Eduardo da Silva Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maíra Barbosa Lobo Monteiro
- Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo (LANUM), Faculdade de Nutrição (FANUT), Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Mateus de Lima Macena
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nassib Bezerra Bueno
- Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo (LANUM), Faculdade de Nutrição (FANUT), Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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