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Marin JJG, Cives-Losada C, Macias RIR, Romero MR, Marijuan RP, Hortelano-Hernandez N, Delgado-Calvo K, Villar C, Gonzalez-Santiago JM, Monte MJ, Asensio M. Impact of liver diseases and pharmacological interactions on the transportome involved in hepatic drug disposition. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 228:116166. [PMID: 38527556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The liver plays a pivotal role in drug disposition owing to the expression of transporters accounting for the uptake at the sinusoidal membrane and the efflux across the basolateral and canalicular membranes of hepatocytes of many different compounds. Moreover, intracellular mechanisms of phases I and II biotransformation generate, in general, inactive compounds that are more polar and easier to eliminate into bile or refluxed back toward the blood for their elimination by the kidneys, which becomes crucial when the biliary route is hampered. The set of transporters expressed at a given time, i.e., the so-called transportome, is encoded by genes belonging to two gene superfamilies named Solute Carriers (SLC) and ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC), which account mainly, but not exclusively, for the uptake and efflux of endogenous substances and xenobiotics, which include many different drugs. Besides the existence of genetic variants, which determines a marked interindividual heterogeneity regarding liver drug disposition among patients, prevalent diseases, such as cirrhosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and several cholestatic liver diseases, can alter the transportome and hence affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat these patients. Moreover, hepatic drug transporters are involved in many drug-drug interactions (DDI) that challenge the safety of using a combination of agents handled by these proteins. Updated information on these questions has been organized in this article by superfamilies and families of members of the transportome involved in hepatic drug disposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J G Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Candela Cives-Losada
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio I R Macias
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta R Romero
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca P Marijuan
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Kevin Delgado-Calvo
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmen Villar
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesus M Gonzalez-Santiago
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria J Monte
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maitane Asensio
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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Marin JJG, Serrano MA, Herraez E, Lozano E, Ortiz-Rivero S, Perez-Silva L, Reviejo M, Briz O. Impact of genetic variants in the solute carrier ( SLC) genes encoding drug uptake transporters on the response to anticancer chemotherapy. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:27. [PMID: 39143954 PMCID: PMC11322974 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2024.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Cancer drug resistance constitutes a severe limitation for the satisfactory outcome of these patients. This is a complex problem due to the co-existence in cancer cells of multiple and synergistic mechanisms of chemoresistance (MOC). These mechanisms are accounted for by the expression of a set of genes included in the so-called resistome, whose effectiveness often leads to a lack of response to pharmacological treatment. Additionally, genetic variants affecting these genes further increase the complexity of the question. This review focuses on a set of genes encoding members of the transportome involved in drug uptake, which have been classified into the MOC-1A subgroup of the resistome. These proteins belong to the solute carrier (SLC) superfamily. More precisely, we have considered here several members of families SLC2, SLC7, SLC19, SLC22, SLCO, SLC28, SLC29, SLC31, SLC46, and SLC47 due to the impact of their expression and genetic variants in anticancer drug uptake by tumor cells or, in some cases, general bioavailability. Changes in their expression levels and the appearance of genetic variants can contribute to the Darwinian selection of more resistant clones and, hence, to the development of a more malignant phenotype. Accordingly, to address this issue in future personalized medicine, it is necessary to characterize both changes in resistome genes that can affect their function. It is also essential to consider the time-dependent dimension of these features, as the genetic expression and the appearance of genetic variants can change during tumor progression and in response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J. G. Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Maria A. Serrano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Elisa Herraez
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Elisa Lozano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sara Ortiz-Rivero
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Laura Perez-Silva
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Maria Reviejo
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
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Mestareehi A. Global Gene Expression Profiling and Bioinformatics Analysis Reveal Downregulated Biomarkers as Potential Indicators for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:26075-26096. [PMID: 38911766 PMCID: PMC11191119 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to elucidate the significance of CLEC4G, CAMK2β, SLC22A1, CBFA2T3, and STAB2 in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and their associated molecular biological characteristics. Additionally, the research sought to identify new potential biomarkers with therapeutic and diagnostic relevance for clinical applications. Methods and Materials: We utilized a publicly available high throughput phosphoproteomics and proteomics data set of HCC to focus on the analysis of 12 downregulated phosphoproteins in HCC. Our approach integrates bioinformatic analysis with pathway analysis, encompassing gene ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and the construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Results: In total, we quantified 11547 phosphorylation sites associated with 4043 phosphoproteins from a cohort of 159 HCC patients. Within this extensive data set, our specific focus was on 19 phosphorylation sites displaying significant downregulation (log2 FC ≤ -2 with p-values < 0.0001). Remarkably, our investigation revealed distinct pathways exhibiting differential regulation across multiple dimensions, including the genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic levels. These pathways encompass a wide range of critical cellular processes, including cellular component organization, cell cycle control, signaling pathways, transcriptional and translational control, and metabolism. Furthermore, our bioinformatics analysis unveiled noteworthy insights into the subcellular localizations, biological processes, and molecular functions associated with these proteins and phosphoproteins. Within the context of the PPI network, we identified 12 key genes CLEC4G, STAB2, ADH1A, ADH1B, CAMK2B, ADH4, CHGB, PYGL, ADH1C, AKAP12, CBFA2T3, and SLC22A1 as the top highly interconnected hub genes. Conclusions: The findings related to CLEC4G, ADH1B, SLC22A1, CAMK2β, CBFA2T3, and STAB2 indicate their reduced expression in HCC, which is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Furthermore, the results of KEGG and GO pathway analyses suggest that these genes may impact liver cancer by engaging various targets and pathways, ultimately promoting the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. These results underscore the significant potential of CLEC4G, ADH1B, SLC22A1, CAMK2β, CBFA2T3, and STAB2 as key contributors to HCC development and advancement. This insight holds promise for identifying therapeutic targets and charting research avenues to enhance our understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aktham Mestareehi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, P.O. Box 22, Amman 11622, Jordan
- School
of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
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4
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Chava S, Ekmen N, Ferraris P, Aydin Y, Moroz K, Wu T, Thung SN, Dash S. Mechanisms of Sorafenib Resistance in HCC Culture Relate to the Impaired Membrane Expression of Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCT1). J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:839-855. [PMID: 38741679 PMCID: PMC11090194 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s452152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sorafenib, an FDA-approved drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, encounters resistance in many patients. Deciphering the mechanisms underlying sorafenib resistance is crucial for devising alternative strategies to overcome it. Aim This study aimed to investigate sorafenib resistance mechanisms using a diverse panel of HCC cell lines. Methods HCC cell lines were subjected to continuous sorafenib treatment, and stable cell lines (Huh 7.5 and Huh 7PX) exhibiting sustained growth in its presence were isolated. The investigation of drug resistance mechanisms involved a comparative analysis of drug-targeted signal transduction pathways (EGFR/RAF/MEK/ERK/Cyclin D), sorafenib uptake, and membrane expression of the drug uptake transporter. Results HCC cell lines (Huh 7.5 and Huh 7PX) with a higher IC50 (10μM) displayed a more frequent development of sorafenib resistance compared to those with a lower IC50 (2-4.8μM), indicating a potential impact of IC50 variation on initial treatment response. Our findings reveal that activated overexpression of Raf1 kinases and impaired sorafenib uptake, mediated by reduced membrane expression of organic cation transporter-1 (OCT1), contribute to sorafenib resistance in HCC cultures. Stable expression of the drug transporter OCT1 through cDNA transfection or adenoviral delivery of OCT1 mRNA increased sorafenib uptake and successfully overcame sorafenib resistance. Additionally, consistent with sorafenib resistance in HCC cultures, cirrhotic liver-associated human HCC tumors often exhibited impaired membrane expression of OCT1 and OCT3. Conclusion Intrinsic differences among HCC cell clones, affecting sorafenib sensitivity at the expression level of Raf kinases, drug uptake, and OCT1 transporters, were identified. This study underscores the potential of HCC tumor targeted OCT1 expression to enhance sorafenib treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Chava
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Nergiz Ekmen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Pauline Ferraris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yucel Aydin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Krzysztof Moroz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Swan N Thung
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Srikanta Dash
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, USA
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5
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Ladd AD, Duarte S, Sahin I, Zarrinpar A. Mechanisms of drug resistance in HCC. Hepatology 2024; 79:926-940. [PMID: 36680397 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
HCC comprises ∼80% of primary liver cancer. HCC is the only major cancer for which death rates have not improved over the last 10 years. Most patients are diagnosed with advanced disease when surgical and locoregional treatments are not feasible or effective. Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor targeting cell growth and angiogenesis, was approved for advanced unresectable HCC in 2007. Since then, other multikinase inhibitors have been approved. Lenvatinib was found to be noninferior to sorafenib as a first-line agent. Regorafenib, cabozantinib, and ramucirumab were shown to prolong survival as second-line agents. Advances in immunotherapy for HCC have also added hope for patients, but their efficacy remains limited. A large proportion of patients with advanced HCC gain no long-term benefit from systemic therapy due to primary and acquired drug resistance, which, combined with its rising incidence, keeps HCC a highly fatal disease. This review summarizes mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to therapy and includes methods for bypassing resistance. It addresses recent advancements in immunotherapy, provides new perspectives on the linkage between drug resistance and molecular etiology of HCC, and evaluates the role of the microbiome in drug resistance. It also discusses alterations in signaling pathways, dysregulation of apoptosis, modulations in the tumor microenvironment, involvement of cancer stem cells, changes in drug metabolism/transport, tumor hypoxia, DNA repair, and the role of microRNAs in drug resistance. Understanding the interplay among these factors will provide guidance on the development of new therapeutic strategies capable of improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra D Ladd
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sergio Duarte
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ilyas Sahin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ali Zarrinpar
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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6
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Wu Z, Jiang S, Chen Y. Non-coding RNA and Drug resistance in cholangiocarcinoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:194-202. [PMID: 38125756 PMCID: PMC10730441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a highly aggressive cancer with a dismal prognosis and limited resectability. Chemotherapy has demonstrated tremendous benefits for patients with advanced and inoperable cancer, but drug resistance poses a significant obstacle. Despite recent progress in cancer therapy, the mechanisms driving drug resistance are multifaceted and not completely comprehended. Non-coding RNA refers to RNA molecules that are endogenous and do not code for proteins. Particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, are widely acknowledged to be involved in cancer initiation, proliferation, and metastasis. Recently, evidences suggests that abnormal expression of non-coding RNAs contributes to resistance to different type of cancer therapies in cholangiocarcinoma. This occurs via the rewiring of signaling pathways including the reduction of anticancer drugs, apoptosis, interaction between cholangiocarcinoma and tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and cancer stemness. Thus, our review aims to demonstrate the potential of targeting non-coding RNA to override drug resistance and summarize the molecular mechanisms of how non-coding RNA contributes to drug resistance in cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Wu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Street, Yuzhong District, 404100, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiming Jiang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Street, Yuzhong District, 404100, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Street, Yuzhong District, 404100, Chongqing, China
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Giannitrapani L, Di Gaudio F, Cervello M, Scionti F, Ciliberto D, Staropoli N, Agapito G, Cannataro M, Tassone P, Tagliaferri P, Seidita A, Soresi M, Affronti M, Bertino G, Russello M, Ciriminna R, Lino C, Spinnato F, Verderame F, Augello G, Arbitrio M. Genetic Biomarkers of Sorafenib Response in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2197. [PMID: 38396873 PMCID: PMC10888718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification of biomarkers for predicting inter-individual sorafenib response variability could allow hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient stratification. SNPs in angiogenesis- and drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME)-related genes were evaluated to identify new potential predictive biomarkers of sorafenib response in HCC patients. Five known SNPs in angiogenesis-related genes, including VEGF-A, VEGF-C, HIF-1a, ANGPT2, and NOS3, were investigated in 34 HCC patients (9 sorafenib responders and 25 non-responders). A subgroup of 23 patients was genotyped for SNPs in ADME genes. A machine learning classifier method was used to discover classification rules for our dataset. We found that only the VEGF-A (rs2010963) C allele and CC genotype were significantly associated with sorafenib response. ADME-related gene analysis identified 10 polymorphic variants in ADH1A (rs6811453), ADH6 (rs10008281), SULT1A2/CCDC101 (rs11401), CYP26A1 (rs7905939), DPYD (rs2297595 and rs1801265), FMO2 (rs2020863), and SLC22A14 (rs149738, rs171248, and rs183574) significantly associated with sorafenib response. We have identified a genetic signature of predictive response that could permit non-responder/responder patient stratification. Angiogenesis- and ADME-related genes correlation was confirmed by cumulative genetic risk score and network and pathway enrichment analysis. Our findings provide a proof of concept that needs further validation in follow-up studies for HCC patient stratification for sorafenib prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Giannitrapani
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (L.G.); (M.C.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.D.G.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Francesca Di Gaudio
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.D.G.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (N.S.); (P.T.); (P.T.)
| | - Domenico Ciliberto
- Medical and Translational Oncology Unit, A.O.U. R. Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta Staropoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (N.S.); (P.T.); (P.T.)
- Medical and Translational Oncology Unit, A.O.U. R. Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Agapito
- Department of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Mario Cannataro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (N.S.); (P.T.); (P.T.)
- Medical and Translational Oncology Unit, A.O.U. R. Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (N.S.); (P.T.); (P.T.)
- Medical and Translational Oncology Unit, A.O.U. R. Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Aurelio Seidita
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.D.G.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
- Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, C.O.U. Medical Oncology, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Maurizio Soresi
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.D.G.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Marco Affronti
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.D.G.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Gaetano Bertino
- Hepatology Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico-San Marco, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | | | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (C.L.)
| | - Claudia Lino
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (C.L.)
| | - Francesca Spinnato
- Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, C.O.U. Medical Oncology, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Francesco Verderame
- Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, C.O.U. Medical Oncology, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Giuseppa Augello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Mariamena Arbitrio
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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8
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Chen Y, Lin Y, Guan S, Zhao Z, Lin D, Guan J, Zhou C, Liu J, Cao X, Lin Z, Chen D, Shang J, Zhang W, Chen H, Chen L, Ma S, Gu L, Zhao J, Huang M, Wang X, Long H. The Effects of Drug Exposure and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Aaptinib-Induced Severe Toxicities in Solid Tumors. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1583-1590. [PMID: 37775332 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the value of drug exposure and host germline genetic factors in predicting apatinib (APA)-related toxicities. METHOD In this prospective study, plasma APA concentrations were quantified using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and 57 germline mutations were genotyped in 126 advanced solid tumor patients receiving 250 mg daily APA, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor II inhibitor. The correlation between drug exposure, genetic factors, and the toxicity profile was analyzed. RESULTS Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was more prone to APA-related toxicities and plasma concentrations of APA, and its main metabolite M1-1 could be associated with high-grade adverse events (AEs) (P < 0.01; M1-1, P < 0.01) and high-grade antiangiogenetic toxicities (APA, P = 0.034; P < 0.05), including hypertension, proteinuria, and hand-foot syndrome, in the subgroup of NSCLC. Besides, CYP2C9 rs34532201 TT carriers tended to have higher levels of APA (P < 0.001) and M1-1 (P < 0.01), whereas CYP2C9 rs1936968 GG carriers were predisposed to higher levels of M1-1 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Plasma APA and M1-1 exposures were able to predict severe AEs in NSCLC patients. Dose optimization and drug exposure monitoring might need consideration in NSCLC patients with CYP2C9 rs34532201 TT and rs1936968 GG. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Apatinib is an anti-VEGFR2 inhibitor for the treatment of multiple cancers. Though substantial in response, apatinib-induced toxicity has been a critical issue that is worth clinical surveillance. Few data on the role of drug exposure and genetic factors in apatinib-induced toxicity are available. Our study demonstrated a distinct drug-exposure relationship in NSCLC but not other tumors and provided invaluable evidence of drug exposure levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms as predictive biomarkers in apatinib-induced severe toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhao Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Yaobin Lin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Shaoxing Guan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Zerui Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Daren Lin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Jin Guan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Chengzhi Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Junling Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Xiaolong Cao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Zhichao Lin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Diyao Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Jianbiao Shang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Weijian Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Huohui Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Likun Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Shudong Ma
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Lijia Gu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Jian Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Min Huang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Xueding Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
| | - Hao Long
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.C., S.G., M.H., X.W.); Departments of Thoracic Oncology (Y.L., Z.Z., H.L.) and Medical Oncology (J.L., L.C.), State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medical Oncology (D.L.), Thoracic Surgery (Z.L.), and Gynecology (W.Z.), Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Jiangmen, China (J.G.); Department of Medical Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (C.Z.); Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China (X.C.); Department of Targeted Interventional Oncology, First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China (D.C.); Department of Oncology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China (J.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China (H.C.); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (S.M.); Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (J.Z.)
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Herraez E, Al-Abdulla R, Soto M, Briz O, Bettinger D, Bantel H, Del Carmen S, Serrano MA, Geier A, Marin JJG, Macias RIR. Role of organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) in the response of hepatocellular carcinoma to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115812. [PMID: 37722628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Impaired function of organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been associated with unsatisfactory response to sorafenib. However, some patients lacking OCT1 at the plasma membrane (PM) of HCC cells still respond to sorafenib, suggesting that another transporter may contribute to take up this drug. The aim of this study was to investigate whether OCT3 could contribute to the uptake of sorafenib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and whether OCT3 determination can predict HCC response to sorafenib. Cells overexpressing OCT3 were used to determine the ability of this carrier to transport sorafenib. Immunostaining of OCT3 was performed in HCC samples obtained in the TRANSFER study. Considering the intensity of staining and the number of OCT3-positive cells, tumors were classified as having absent, weak, moderate, or strong OCT3 expression and were also categorized according to the presence or absence of PM staining. Functional in vitro studies revealed that OCT3 is also able to mediate sorafenib uptake. Other TKIs, such as regorafenib, lenvatinib, and cabozantinib can also interact with this transporter. In silico studies suggested that the expression of OCT3 is better preserved in HCC than that of OCT1. In HCC samples, OCT3 was expressed at the PM of cancer cells, and its presence, detected in 26% of tumors, was associated with better outcomes in patients treated with sorafenib. In conclusion, analysis by immunohistochemistry of OCT3 in the PM of tumor cells may help to predict the response of HCC patients to sorafenib and potentially to other TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Herraez
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruba Al-Abdulla
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Institut für Medizinische Biochemie und Molekularbiologie (IMBM), Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Meraris Soto
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dominik Bettinger
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heike Bantel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sofia Del Carmen
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca) and CIBERONC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria A Serrano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Geier
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jose J G Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rocio I R Macias
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Shameem M, Jian Bagherpoor A, Nakhi A, Dosa P, Georg G, Kassie F. Mitochondria-targeted metformin (mitomet) inhibits lung cancer in cellular models and in mice by enhancing the generation of reactive oxygen species. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:1619-1629. [PMID: 37401866 PMCID: PMC10961008 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Although some epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between the use of metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug, and the incidence of lung cancer, the real benefits of the drug are unclear as the efficacy is low and the outcomes are quite heterogeneous. To develop a more potent form of metformin, we synthesized mitochondria-targeted metformin (mitomet) and tested its efficacy in in vitro and in vivo models of lung cancer. Mitomet was cytotoxic to transformed bronchial cells and several non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines but relatively safe to normal bronchial cells, and these effects were mediated mainly via induction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Studies using isogenic A549 cells showed that mitomet was selectively toxic to those cells deficient in the tumor suppressor gene LKB1, which is widely mutated in NSCLC. Mitomet also significantly reduced the multiplicity and size of lung tumors induced by a tobacco smoke carcinogen in mice. Overall, our findings showed that mitomet, which was about 1000 and 100 times more potent than metformin, in killing NSCLC cells and reducing the multiplicity and size of lung tumors in mice, respectively, is a promising candidate for the chemoprevention and treatment of lung cancer, in particular against LKB1-deficient lung cancers which are known to be highly aggressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shameem
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Ali Nakhi
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Peter Dosa
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Gunda Georg
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Fekadu Kassie
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
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11
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Hassan M, Shahzadi S, Yasir M, Chun W, Kloczkowski A. Computational prognostic evaluation of Alzheimer's drugs from FDA-approved database through structural conformational dynamics and drug repositioning approaches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18022. [PMID: 37865690 PMCID: PMC10590448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug designing is high-priced and time taking process with low success rate. To overcome this obligation, computational drug repositioning technique is being promptly used to predict the possible therapeutic effects of FDA approved drugs against multiple diseases. In this computational study, protein modeling, shape-based screening, molecular docking, pharmacogenomics, and molecular dynamic simulation approaches have been utilized to retrieve the FDA approved drugs against AD. The predicted MADD protein structure was designed by homology modeling and characterized through different computational resources. Donepezil and galantamine were implanted as standard drugs and drugs were screened out based on structural similarities. Furthermore, these drugs were evaluated and based on binding energy (Kcal/mol) profiles against MADD through PyRx tool. Moreover, pharmacogenomics analysis showed good possible associations with AD mediated genes and confirmed through detail literature survey. The best 6 drug (darifenacin, astemizole, tubocurarine, elacridar, sertindole and tariquidar) further docked and analyzed their interaction behavior through hydrogen binding. Finally, MD simulation study were carried out on these drugs and evaluated their stability behavior by generating root mean square deviation and fluctuations (RMSD/F), radius of gyration (Rg) and soluble accessible surface area (SASA) graphs. Taken together, darifenacin, astemizole, tubocurarine, elacridar, sertindole and tariquidar displayed good lead like profile as compared with standard and can be used as possible therapeutic agent in the treatment of AD after in-vitro and in-vivo assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Hassan
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
| | - Saba Shahzadi
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Andrzej Kloczkowski
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
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12
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Du X, Cai H, Jin N, Wu Z, Wang L, Wang Z, Xie B. Differences in the pharmacokinetics and steady-state blood concentrations of orally administered lenvatinib in adult and juvenile rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1140849. [PMID: 37576809 PMCID: PMC10420079 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1140849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics and steady-state serum concentrations of lenvatinib in adult and juvenile rats. Experimental study: An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method was developed to quantify lenvatinib in the serum and liver of rats. Six juvenile and six adult rats in each group were orally administered with a single dose of 7.0 mg/kg lenvatinib suspension for pharmacokinetics. Another 12 juvenile and adult rats were subjected to oral gavage with 7.0 mg/kg lenvatinib once daily for 5 days. Biofluild samples were pre-treated by protein precipitation and sorafenib was used as the internal standard for UPLC-MS analysis. The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by compartment and statistical model. The mRNA expression of CYP3A2 and SLC22A1 in liver of adult and juvenile rats was measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Results: The UPLC-MS method met the requirements for quantitative analysis of lenvatinib in serum and liver. The pharmacokinetic results showed that the mean retention time (MRT(0-∞)) was 19.64 ± 7.64 h and 126.38 ± 130.18 h, with AUC(0-∞) values of 3.97 ± 0.73 μg‧mL-1 h and 5.95 ± 2.27 μg mL-1 h in adult and juvenile rats, respectively. When comparing adult rats (0.35 ± 0.15 μg/mL) to juvenile rats, no significant differences were observed in steady-state serum lenvatinib (0.32 ± 0.11 μg/mL), but a noteworthy decrease to one-third of steady-state liver lenvatinib was observed after multiple oral doses of lenvatinib in juvenile rats. Additional findings revealed that the mRNA expression of CYP3A2 and SLC22A1 was notably increased by 6.86 and 14.67 times, respectively, in juvenile rats compared to adult rats. Conclusion: Juvenile rats exhibit lower levels of lenvatinib in the liver's steady-state, potentially due to the disparity in CYP3A2 mRNA expression. These results imply that the dosage of lenvatinib for pediatric patients may need to be augmented in order to attain the desired clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Du
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Medical College of Jiaxing University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Digital Health of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hongxin Cai
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Medical College of Jiaxing University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Digital Health of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Nan Jin
- Medical College of Jiaxing University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Digital Health of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhiguo Wu
- Medical College of Jiaxing University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Digital Health of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Lele Wang
- Medical College of Jiaxing University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Digital Health of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Medical College of Jiaxing University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Digital Health of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Baogang Xie
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Medical College of Jiaxing University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Digital Health of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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13
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Asensio M, Herraez E, Macias RIR, Lozano E, Muñoz-Bellvís L, Sanchez-Vicente L, Morente-Carrasco A, Marin JJG, Briz O. Relevance of the organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3) in the personalized pharmacological treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115681. [PMID: 37429423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Although pharmacological treatment is the best option for most patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its success is very limited, partly due to reduced uptake and enhanced efflux of antitumor drugs. Here we have explored the usefulness of vectorizing drugs towards the organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3) to enhance their efficacy against HCC cells. In silico studies (RNA-Seq data, 11 cohorts) and immunohistochemistry analyses revealed a marked interindividual variability, together with general downregulation but still expression of OATP1B3 in the plasma membrane of HCC cells. The measurement of mRNA variants in 20 HCC samples showed the almost absence of the cancer-type variant (Ct-OATP1B3) together with marked predominance of the liver-type variant (Lt-OATP1B3). In Lt-OATP1B3-expressing cells, the screening of 37 chemotherapeutical drugs and 17 tyrosine kinase receptors inhibitors (TKIs) revealed that 10 classical anticancer drugs and 12 TKIs were able to inhibit Lt-OATP1B3-mediated transport. Lt-OATP1B3-expressing cells were more sensitive than Mock parental cells (transduced with empty lentiviral vectors) to some Lt-OATP1B3 substrates (paclitaxel and the bile acid-cisplatin derivative Bamet-UD2), but not to cisplatin, which is not transported by Lt-OATP1B3. This enhanced response was abolished by competition with taurocholic acid, a known Lt-OATP1B3 substrate. Tumors subcutaneously generated in immunodeficient mice by Lt-OATP1B3-expressing HCC cells were more sensitive to Bamet-UD2 than those derived from Mock cells. In conclusion, Lt-OATP1B3 expression should be screened before deciding the use of anticancer drugs substrates of this carrier in the personalized treatment of HCC. Moreover, Lt-OATP1B3-mediated uptake must be considered when designing novel anti-HCC targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitane Asensio
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Herraez
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio I R Macias
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Lozano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Muñoz-Bellvís
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Service of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red del Cáncer (CIBERONC), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sanchez-Vicente
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana Morente-Carrasco
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Area of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose J G Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Karaś K, Karwaciak I, Chałaśkiewicz K, Sałkowska A, Pastwińska J, Bachorz RA, Ratajewski M. Anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor AT7519. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:115002. [PMID: 37311277 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancerous tumors and one of the leading causes of death among cancer-related disorders. Chemotherapy is ineffective in HCC patients, and the number of drugs that are in use is limited. Thus, new molecules are needed that could increase the effectiveness of anti-HCC regimens. Here, we show that AT7519, a CDK inhibitor, exerts positive effects on HCC cells: it inhibits proliferation, migration and clonogenicity. Detailed analysis of the transcriptomes of cells treated with this compound indicated that AT7519 affects a substantial portion of genes that are associated with HCC development and progression. Moreover, we showed that the concomitant use of AT7519 with gefitinib or cabozantinib sensitized HCC cells to these drugs. Thus, our research indicates that AT7519 is worth considering in monotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma patients or in combination with other drugs, e.g., gefitinib or cabozantinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Karaś
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Iwona Karwaciak
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chałaśkiewicz
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Sałkowska
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Pastwińska
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał A Bachorz
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Ratajewski
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland.
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15
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Samavarchi Tehrani S, Esmaeili F, Shirzad M, Goodarzi G, Yousefi T, Maniati M, Taheri-Anganeh M, Anushiravani A. The critical role of circular RNAs in drug resistance in gastrointestinal cancers. Med Oncol 2023; 40:116. [PMID: 36917431 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, drug resistance (DR) in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, as the main reason for cancer-related mortality worldwide, has become a serious problem in the management of patients. Several mechanisms have been proposed for resistance to anticancer drugs, including altered transport and metabolism of drugs, mutation of drug targets, altered DNA repair system, inhibited apoptosis and autophagy, cancer stem cells, tumor heterogeneity, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Compelling evidence has revealed that genetic and epigenetic factors are strongly linked to DR. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) interferences are the most crucial epigenetic alterations explored so far, and among these ncRNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are the most emerging members known to have unique properties. Due to the absence of 5' and 3' ends in these novel RNAs, the two ends are covalently bonded together and are generated from pre-mRNA in a process known as back-splicing, which makes them more stable than other RNAs. As far as the unique structure and function of circRNAs is concerned, they are implicated in proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and DR. A clear understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for circRNAs-mediated DR in the GI cancers will open a new window to the management of GI cancers. Hence, in the present review, we will describe briefly the biogenesis, multiple features, and different biological functions of circRNAs. Then, we will summarize current mechanisms of DR, and finally, discuss molecular mechanisms through which circRNAs regulate DR development in esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Esmaeili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Golnaz Goodarzi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- Department of English, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Amir Anushiravani
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Ren Z, Gao D, Luo Y, Song Z, Wu G, Qi N, Li A, Liu X. Identification of fatty acid metabolism-related clusters and immune infiltration features in hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1496-1523. [PMID: 36881382 PMCID: PMC10042688 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a type of liver cancer which is characterized by inflammation-associated tumor. The unique characteristics of tumor immune microenvironment in HCC contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis. It was also clarified that aberrant fatty acid metabolism (FAM) might accelerate tumor growth and metastasis of HCC. In this study, we aimed to identify fatty acid metabolism-related clusters and establish a novel prognostic risk model in HCC. Gene expression and corresponding clinical data were searched from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) portal. From the TCGA database, by unsupervised clustering method, we determined three FAM clusters and two gene clusters with distinct clinicopathological and immune characteristics. Based on 79 prognostic genes identified from 190 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among three FAM clusters, five prognostic DEGs (CCDC112, TRNP1, CFL1, CYB5D2, and SLC22A1) were determined to construct risk model by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate cox regression analysis. Furthermore, the ICGC dataset was used to validate the model. In conclusion, the prognostic risk model constructed in this study exhibited excellent indicator performance of overall survival, clinical feature, and immune cell infiltration, which has the potential to be an effective biomarker for HCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Ren
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Duan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yue Luo
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Zhenghui Song
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Guojing Wu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Na Qi
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
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17
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An Angiogenic Gene Signature for Prediction of the Prognosis and Therapeutic Responses of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043324. [PMID: 36834736 PMCID: PMC9965274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Among cancer-related deaths worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks second. The hypervascular feature of most HCC underlines the importance of angiogenesis in therapy. This study aimed to identify the key genes which could characterize the angiogenic molecular features of HCC and further explore therapeutic targets to improve patients' prognosis. Public RNAseq and clinical data are from TCGA, ICGC, and GEO. Angiogenesis-associated genes were downloaded from the GeneCards database. Then, we used multi-regression analysis to generate a risk score model. This model was trained on the TCGA cohort (n = 343) and validated on the GEO cohort (n = 242). The predicting therapy in the model was further evaluated by the DEPMAP database. We developed a fourteen-angiogenesis-related gene signature that was distinctly associated with overall survival (OS). Through the nomograms, our signature was proven to possess a better predictive role in HCC prognosis. The patients in higher-risk groups displayed a higher tumor mutation burden (TMB). Interestingly, our model could group subsets of patients with different sensitivities to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and Sorafenib. We also predicted that Crizotinib, an anti-angiogenic drug, might be more sensitive to these patients with high-risk scores by the DEPMAP. The inhibitory effect of Crizotinib in human vascular cells was obvious in vitro and in vivo. This work established a novel HCC classification based on the gene expression values of angiogenesis genes. Moreover, we predicted that Crizotinib might be more effective in the high-risk patients in our model.
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The Role of Organic Cation Transporters in the Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032101. [PMID: 36768423 PMCID: PMC9917293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) decisively contributed in revolutionizing the therapeutic approach to cancer, offering non-invasive, tolerable therapies for a better quality of life. Nonetheless, degree and duration of the response to TKI therapy vary depending on cancer molecular features, the ability of developing resistance to the drug, on pharmacokinetic alterations caused by germline variants and unwanted drug-drug interactions at the level of membrane transporters and metabolizing enzymes. A great deal of approved TKIs are inhibitors of the organic cation transporters (OCTs). A handful are also substrates of them. These transporters are polyspecific and highly expressed in normal epithelia, particularly the intestine, liver and kidney, and are, hence, arguably relevant sites of TKI interactions with other OCT substrates. Moreover, OCTs are often repressed in cancer cells and might contribute to the resistance of cancer cells to TKIs. This article reviews the OCT interactions with approved and in-development TKIs reported in vitro and in vivo and critically discusses the potential clinical ramifications thereof.
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Zi Q, Cui H, Liang W, Chi Q. Machine learning algorithm and deep neural networks identified a novel subtype in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2022; 35:305-320. [DOI: 10.3233/cbm-220147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Due to the lack of specific characteristics in the early stage of the disease, patients are usually diagnosed in the advanced stage of disease progression. OBJECTIVE: This study used machine learning algorithms to identify key genes in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and constructed a prediction model to predict the survival risk of HCC patients. METHODS: The transcriptome data and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The differential expression analysis and COX proportional-hazards model participated in the identification of survival-related genes. K-Means, Random forests, and LASSO regression are involved in identifying novel subtypes of HCC and screening key genes. The prediction model was constructed by deep neural networks (DNN), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) reveals the metabolic pathways where key genes are located. RESULTS: Two subtypes were identified with significantly different survival rates (p< 0.0001, AUC = 0.720) and 17 key genes associated with the subtypes. The accuracy rate of the deep neural network prediction model is greater than 93.3%. The GSEA analysis found that the survival-related genes were significantly enriched in hallmark gene sets in the MSigDB database. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we used machine learning algorithms to screen out 17 genes related to the survival risk of HCC patients, and trained a DNN model based on them to predict the survival risk of HCC patients. The genes that make up the model are all key genes that affect the formation and development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zi
- Department of Engineering Structure and Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanwei Cui
- Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Samii Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingjia Chi
- Department of Engineering Structure and Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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RNA splicing: a dual-edged sword for hepatocellular carcinoma. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:173. [PMID: 35972700 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
RNA splicing is the fundamental process that brings diversity at the transcriptome and proteome levels. The spliceosome complex regulates minor and major processes of RNA splicing. Aberrant regulation is often associated with different diseases, including diabetes, stroke, hypertension, and cancer. In the majority of cancers, dysregulated alternative RNA splicing (ARS) events directly affect tumor progression, invasiveness, and often lead to poor survival of the patients. Alike the rest of the gastrointestinal malignancies, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which alone contributes to ~ 75% of the liver cancers, a large number of ARS events have been observed, including intron retention, exon skipping, presence of alternative 3'-splice site (3'SS), and alternative 5'-splice site (5'SS). These events are reported in spliceosome and non-spliceosome complexes genes. Molecules such as MCL1, Bcl-X, and BCL2 in different isoforms can behave as anti-apoptotic or pro-apoptotic, making the spliceosome complex a dual-edged sword. The anti-apoptotic isoforms of such molecules bring in resistance to chemotherapy or cornerstone drugs. However, in contrast, multiple malignant tumors, including HCC that target the pro-apoptotic favoring isoforms/variants favor apoptotic induction and make chemotherapy effective. Herein, we discuss different splicing events, aberrations, and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) in modulating RNA splicing in HCC tumorigenesis with a possible therapeutic outcome.
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He Q, Guo P, Bo Z, Yu H, Yang J, Wang Y, Chen G. Noncoding RNA-mediated molecular bases of chemotherapy resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:249. [PMID: 35945536 PMCID: PMC9361533 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant progress in decreasing the occurrence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it remains a public health issue worldwide on the basis of its late presentation and tumor recurrence. To date, apart from surgical interventions, such as surgical resection, liver transplantation and locoregional ablation, current standard antitumor protocols include conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, due to the high chemoresistance nature, most current therapeutic agents show dismal outcomes for this refractory malignancy, leading to disease relapse. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms involved in chemotherapy resistance remain systematically ambiguous. Herein, HCC is hierarchically characterized by the formation of primitive cancer stem cells (CSCs), progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), unbalanced autophagy, delivery of extracellular vesicles (EVs), escape of immune surveillance, disruption of ferroptosis, alteration of the tumor microenvironment and multidrug resistance-related signaling pathways that mediate the multiplicity and complexity of chemoresistance. Of note, anecdotal evidence has corroborated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) extensively participate in the critical physiological processes mentioned above. Therefore, understanding the detailed regulatory bases that underlie ncRNA-mediated chemoresistance is expected to yield novel insights into HCC treatment. In the present review, a comprehensive summary of the latest progress in the investigation of chemotherapy resistance concerning ncRNAs will be elucidated to promote tailored individual treatment for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikuan He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengyi Guo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315199, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Bo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhuan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
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22
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Zhou Y, Lauschke VM. Population pharmacogenomics: an update on ethnogeographic differences and opportunities for precision public health. Hum Genet 2022; 141:1113-1136. [PMID: 34652573 PMCID: PMC9177500 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Both safety and efficacy of medical treatment can vary depending on the ethnogeographic background of the patient. One of the reasons underlying this variability is differences in pharmacogenetic polymorphisms in genes involved in drug disposition, as well as in drug targets. Knowledge and appreciation of these differences is thus essential to optimize population-stratified care. Here, we provide an extensive updated analysis of population pharmacogenomics in ten pharmacokinetic genes (CYP2D6, CYP2C19, DPYD, TPMT, NUDT15 and SLC22A1), drug targets (CFTR) and genes involved in drug hypersensitivity (HLA-A, HLA-B) or drug-induced acute hemolytic anemia (G6PD). Combined, polymorphisms in the analyzed genes affect the pharmacology, efficacy or safety of 141 different drugs and therapeutic regimens. The data reveal pronounced differences in the genetic landscape, complexity and variant frequencies between ethnogeographic groups. Reduced function alleles of CYP2D6, SLC22A1 and CFTR were most prevalent in individuals of European descent, whereas DPYD and TPMT deficiencies were most common in Sub-Saharan Africa. Oceanian populations showed the highest frequencies of CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles while their inferred CYP2D6 activity was among the highest worldwide. Frequencies of HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-B*58:01 were highest across Asia, which has important implications for the risk of severe cutaneous adverse reactions upon treatment with carbamazepine and allopurinol. G6PD deficiencies were most frequent in Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia with pronounced differences in variant composition. These variability data provide an important resource to inform cost-effectiveness modeling and guide population-specific genotyping strategies with the goal of optimizing the implementation of precision public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Murphy AJ, Li AH, Li P, Sun H. Therapeutic Targeting of Alternative Splicing: A New Frontier in Cancer Treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:868664. [PMID: 35463320 PMCID: PMC9027816 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.868664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability for cells to harness alternative splicing enables them to diversify their proteome in order to carry out complex biological functions and adapt to external and internal stimuli. The spliceosome is the multiprotein-RNA complex charged with the intricate task of alternative splicing. Aberrant splicing can arise from abnormal spliceosomes or splicing factors and drive cancer development and progression. This review will provide an overview of the alternative splicing process and aberrant splicing in cancer, with a focus on serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins and their recently reported roles in cancer development and progression and beyond. Recent mapping of the spliceosome, its associated splicing factors, and their relationship to cancer have opened the door to novel therapeutic approaches that capitalize on the widespread influence of alternative splicing. We conclude by discussing small molecule inhibitors of the spliceosome that have been identified in an evolving era of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Murphy
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alex H. Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Peichao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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24
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Zheng Q, Zhang B, Li C, Zhang X. Overcome Drug Resistance in Cholangiocarcinoma: New Insight Into Mechanisms and Refining the Preclinical Experiment Models. Front Oncol 2022; 12:850732. [PMID: 35372014 PMCID: PMC8970309 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.850732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive tumor characterized by a poor prognosis. Therapeutic options are limited in patients with advanced stage of CCA, as a result of the intrinsic or acquired resistance to currently available chemotherapeutic agents, and the lack of new drugs entering into clinical application. The challenge in translating basic research to the clinical setting, caused by preclinical models not being able to recapitulate the tumor characteristics of the patient, seems to be an important reason for the lack of effective and specific therapies for CCA. So, there seems to be two ways to improve patient outcomes. The first one is developing the combination therapies based on a better understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the resistance to currently available chemotherapeutic agents. The second one is developing novel preclinical experimental models that better recapitulate the genetic and histopathological features of the primary tumor, facilitating the screening of new drugs for CCA patients. In this review, we discussed the evidence implicating the mechanisms underlying treatment resistance to currently investigated drugs, and the development of preclinical experiment models for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfan Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Changfeng Li
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Ho CM, Lin KT, Shen R, Gu DL, Lee SS, Su WH, Jou YS. Prognostic comparative genes predict targets for sorafenib combination therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1752-1763. [PMID: 35495118 PMCID: PMC9024375 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale comparative transcriptomics analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma reveals 664 prognostic comparative HCC (pcHCC) genes. pcHCC genes included novel targets with potential utility in sorafenib combination therapies. Knockdown of the selective pcHCC genes NCAPG and CENPW downregulated the p38/STAT3 axis to enhance sorafenib combination treatments.
With the increasing incidence and mortality of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide, revealing innovative targets to improve therapeutic strategies is crucial for prolonging the lives of patients. To identify innovative targets, we conducted a comprehensive comparative transcriptome analysis of 5,410 human HCCs and 974 mouse liver cancers to identify concordantly expressed genes associated with patient survival. Among the 664 identified prognostic comparative HCC (pcHCC) genes, upregulated pcHCC genes were associated with prognostic clinical features, including large tumor size, vascular invasion and late HCC stages. Interestingly, after validating HCC patient prognoses in multiple independent datasets, we matched the 664 aberrant pcHCC genes with the sorafenib-altered genes in TCGA_LIHC patients and found these 664 pcHCC genes were enriched in sorafenib-related functions, such as downregulated xenobiotic and lipid metabolism and upregulated cell proliferation. Therapeutic agents targeting aberrant pcHCC genes presented divergent molecular mechanisms, including suppression of sorafenib-unrelated oncogenic pathways, induction of sorafenib-unrelated ferroptosis, and modulation of sorafenib transportation and metabolism, to potentiate sorafenib therapeutic effects in HCC combination therapy. Moreover, the pcHCC genes NCAPG and CENPW, which have not been targeted in combination with sorafenib treatment, were knocked down and combined with sorafenib treatment, which reduced HCC cell viability based on disruption to the p38/STAT3 axis, thereby hypersensitizing HCC cells. Together, our results provide important resources and reveal that 664 pcHCC genes represent innovative targets suitable for developing therapeutic strategies in combination with sorafenib based on the divergent synergistic mechanisms for HCC tumor suppression.
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26
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Cai D, Zhao Z, Hu J, Dai X, Zhong G, Gong J, Qi F. Identification of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Therapeutic Biomarkers by a Novel Molecular Subtype Based on Aging-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Surg 2022; 9:836080. [PMID: 35392063 PMCID: PMC8980463 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.836080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors with poor prognosis. Increasing evidence has revealed that immune cells and checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and aging are associated with the prognosis of HCC. However, the association between aging and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in HCC is still unclear.MethodsRNA expression profiles and clinical data concerning HCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Based on differentially expressed aging-related genes (DEAGs), unsupervised clustering was used to identify a novel molecular subtype in HCC. The features of immune cell infiltration and checkpoints were further explored through CIBERSORTx. Enrichment analysis and both univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were conducted to construct a 3-gene model for predicting prognosis and chemosensitivity. Finally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of the 3 genes were verified in HCC and other cancers through database searches and experiments.ResultsEleven differentially expressed AGs (GHR, APOC3, FOXM1, PON1, TOP2A, FEN1, HELLS, BUB1B, PPARGC1A, PRKDC, and H2AFX) correlated with the prognosis of HCC were used to divide HCC into two subtypes in which the prognosis was different. In cluster 2, which had a poorer prognosis, the infiltration of naive B cells and monocytes was lower in the TCGA and GEO cohorts, while the infiltration of M0 macrophages was higher. In addition, the TCGA cohort indicated that the microenvironment of cluster 2 had more immunosuppression through immune checkpoints. Enrichment analysis suggested that the MYC and E2F targets were positively associated with cluster 2 in the TCGA and GEO cohorts. Additionally, 3 genes (HMGCS2, SLC22A1, and G6PD) were screened to construct the prognostic model through univariate/multivariate Cox analysis. Then, the model was validated through the TCGA validation set and GEO dataset (GSE54236). Cox analysis indicated that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor and that patients in the high-risk group were sensitive to multiple targeted drugs (sorafenib, gemcitabine, rapamycin, etc.). Finally, significantly differential expression of the 3 genes was detected across cancers.ConclusionWe systematically described the immune differences in the TME between the molecular subtypes based on AGs and constructed a novel three-gene signature to predict prognosis and chemosensitivity in patients with HCC.
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Functional Genomic Screening in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Reveals New Roadblocks in Early Pancreatic Endoderm Formation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030582. [PMID: 35159392 PMCID: PMC8834018 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells, with their ability to proliferate indefinitely and to differentiate into virtually all cell types of the human body, provide a novel resource to study human development and to implement relevant disease models. Here, we employed a human pancreatic differentiation platform complemented with an shRNA screen in human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to identify potential drivers of early endoderm and pancreatic development. Deep sequencing followed by abundancy ranking pinpointed six top hit genes potentially associated with either improved or impaired endodermal differentiation, which were selected for functional validation in CRISPR-Cas9 mediated knockout (KO) lines. Upon endoderm differentiation (DE), particularly the loss of SLC22A1 and DSC2 led to impaired differentiation efficiency into CXCR4/KIT-positive DE cells. qPCR analysis also revealed changes in differentiation markers CXCR4, FOXA2, SOX17, and GATA6. Further differentiation of PSCs to the pancreatic progenitor (PP) stage resulted in a decreased proportion of PDX1/NKX6-1-positive cells in SLC22A1 KO lines, and in DSC2 KO lines when differentiated under specific culture conditions. Taken together, our study reveals novel genes with potential roles in early endodermal development.
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Marin JJG, Romero MR, Herraez E, Asensio M, Ortiz-Rivero S, Sanchez-Martin A, Fabris L, Briz O. Mechanisms of Pharmacoresistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: New Drugs but Old Problems. Semin Liver Dis 2022; 42:87-103. [PMID: 34544160 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with poor prognosis when diagnosed at advanced stages in which curative treatments are no longer applicable. A small group of these patients may still benefit from transarterial chemoembolization. The only therapeutic option for most patients with advanced HCC is systemic pharmacological treatments based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immunotherapy. Available drugs only slightly increase survival, as tumor cells possess additive and synergistic mechanisms of pharmacoresistance (MPRs) prior to or enhanced during treatment. Understanding the molecular basis of MPRs is crucial to elucidate the genetic signature underlying HCC resistome. This will permit the selection of biomarkers to predict drug treatment response and identify tumor weaknesses in a personalized and dynamic way. In this article, we have reviewed the role of MPRs in current first-line drugs and the combinations of immunotherapeutic agents with novel TKIs being tested in the treatment of advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J G Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.,Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta R Romero
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.,Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Herraez
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.,Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maitane Asensio
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.,Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Ortiz-Rivero
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Anabel Sanchez-Martin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luca Fabris
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Liver Center (YLC), School of Medicine, Yale University New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.,Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Mayr C, Kiesslich T, Modest DP, Stintzing S, Ocker M, Neureiter D. Chemoresistance and resistance to targeted therapies in biliary tract cancer: What have we learned? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:221-233. [PMID: 35098846 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2034785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biliary tract cancer (BTC), including intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer, is a rare and highly difficult to manage human malignancy. Besides late diagnosis and associated unresectability, frequently observed unresponsiveness towards and recurrence following chemotherapy or targeted therapy essentially contribute to the dismal prognosis of BTC patients. AREAS COVERED The review provides an update on individual mechanisms involved resistance of BTC towards conventional chemotherapy as well as targeted therapies. We review the distinct mechanisms of pharmacoresistance (MPRs) which have been defined in BTC cells on a molecular basis and examine the specific consequences for the various approaches of chemo-, targeted or immunomodulatory therapies. EXPERT OPINION Based on currently available experimental and clinical data, the present knowledge about these MPRs in BTCs are summarized. While some possible tactics for overcoming these mechanisms of resistance have been investigated, a BTC-specific and efficient approach based on comprehensive in vitro and in vivo experimental systems is not yet available. Additionally, a reliable monitoring of therapy-relevant cellular changes needs to be established which allows for choosing the optimal drug (combination) before and/or during pharmacological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mayr
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics - Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austrial.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austrial
| | - Tobias Kiesslich
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics - Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austrial.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austrial
| | - Dominik Paul Modest
- Medical Department, Division of Hematology,Oncology,and Tumor Immunology (Campus Charité Mitte), Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Medical Department, Division of Hematology,Oncology,and Tumor Immunology (Campus Charité Mitte), Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Ocker
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Neureiter
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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Jafarzadeh A, Paknahad MH, Nemati M, Jafarzadeh S, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Rajabi A, Shojaie L, Mirzaei H. Dysregulated expression and functions of microRNA-330 in cancers: A potential therapeutic target. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112600. [PMID: 34968919 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As small non-coding RNAs, MicroRNAs (miRNAs) bind to the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA targets to control gene transcription and translation. The gene of miR-330 has two miRNA products, including miR-330-3p and miR-330-5p, which exhibit anti-tumorigenesis and/or pro-tumorigenesis effects in many kinds of malignancies. In cancers, miR-330-3p and miR-330-5p aberrant expression can influence many malignancy-related processes such as cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as well as angiogenesis and responsiveness to treatment. In many cancer types (such as lung, prostate, gastric, breast, bladder, ovarian, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer, and osteosarcoma), miR-330-5p acts as an anti-tumor agent. These cancers have low levels of miR-330-5p that leads to the upregulation of the tumor promotor target genes leading to tumor progression. Here, overexpression of miR-330-5p using miRNA inducers can prevent tumor development. Dual roles of miR-330-5p have been also indicated in the thyroid, liver and cervical cancers. Moreover, miR-330-3p exhibits pro-tumorigenesis effects in lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, osteosarcoma, bladder cancer, and cervical cancer. Here, downregulation of miR-330-3p using miRNA inhibitors can prevent tumor development. Demonstrated in breast and liver cancers, miR-330-3p also has dual roles. Importantly, the activities of miR-330-3p and/or miR-330-5p are regulated by upstream regulators long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including circular and linear lncRNAs. This review comprehensively explained miR-330-3p and miR-330-5p role in development of cancers, while highlighting their downstream target genes and upstream regulators as well as possible therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Paknahad
- Department of Cardiology, Chamran Cardiovascular Research Education Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Haematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Research center for Liver diseases, Keck school of medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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31
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Impact of Alternative Splicing Variants on Liver Cancer Biology. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010018. [PMID: 35008179 PMCID: PMC8750444 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Among the top ten deadly solid tumors are the two most frequent liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma, and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, whose development and malignancy are favored by multifactorial conditions, which include aberrant maturation of pre-mRNA due to abnormalities in either the machinery involved in the splicing, i.e., the spliceosome and associated factors, or the nucleotide sequences of essential sites for the exon recognition process. As a consequence of cancer-associated aberrant splicing in hepatocytes- and cholangiocytes-derived cancer cells, abnormal proteins are synthesized. They contribute to the dysregulated proliferation and eventually transformation of these cells to phenotypes with enhanced invasiveness, migration, and multidrug resistance, which contributes to the poor prognosis that characterizes these liver cancers. Abstract The two most frequent primary cancers affecting the liver, whose incidence is growing worldwide, are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), which are among the five most lethal solid tumors with meager 5-year survival rates. The common difficulty in most cases to reach an early diagnosis, the aggressive invasiveness of both tumors, and the lack of favorable response to pharmacotherapy, either classical chemotherapy or modern targeted therapy, account for the poor outcome of these patients. Alternative splicing (AS) during pre-mRNA maturation results in changes that might affect proteins involved in different aspects of cancer biology, such as cell cycle dysregulation, cytoskeleton disorganization, migration, and adhesion, which favors carcinogenesis, tumor promotion, and progression, allowing cancer cells to escape from pharmacological treatments. Reasons accounting for cancer-associated aberrant splicing include mutations that create or disrupt splicing sites or splicing enhancers or silencers, abnormal expression of splicing factors, and impaired signaling pathways affecting the activity of the splicing machinery. Here we have reviewed the available information regarding the impact of AS on liver carcinogenesis and the development of malignant characteristics of HCC and iCCA, whose understanding is required to develop novel therapeutical approaches aimed at manipulating the phenotype of cancer cells.
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32
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Manzia TM, Parente A, Lenci I, Sensi B, Milana M, Gazia C, Signorello A, Angelico R, Grassi G, Tisone G, Baiocchi L. Moving forward in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1939-1955. [PMID: 35070034 PMCID: PMC8713313 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i12.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being the second most frequent primary liver tumor in humans, early diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are still unsatisfactory. In fact, survival after 5 years is expected in less than one fourth of patients diagnosed with this disease. Rare incidence, late appearance of symptoms and heterogeneous biology are all factors contributing to our limited knowledge of this cancer and determining its poor prognosis in the clinical setting. Several efforts have been made in the last decades in order to achieve an improved classification/understanding with regard to the diverse CCA forms. Location within the biliary tree has helped to distinguish between intrahepatic, perihilar and distal CCA types. Sequence analysis contributed to identifying several characteristic genetic aberrations in CCA that may also serve as possible targets for therapy. Novel findings are expected to significantly improve the management of this malignancy in the near future. In this changing scenario our review focuses on the current and future strategies for CCA treatment. Both systemic and surgical treatments are discussed in detail. The results of the main studies in this field are reported, together with the ongoing trials. The current findings suggest that an integrated multidisciplinary approach to this malignancy would be helpful to improve its outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso M Manzia
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Alessandro Parente
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Ilaria Lenci
- Hepatology Unit, University of Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Bruno Sensi
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Martina Milana
- Hepatology Unit, University of Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Carlo Gazia
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Angelico
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grassi
- Hepatology Unit, University of Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tisone
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
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33
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Impact of alternative splicing on mechanisms of resistance to anticancer drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114810. [PMID: 34673012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A shared characteristic of many tumors is the lack of response to anticancer drugs. Multiple mechanisms of pharmacoresistance (MPRs) are involved in permitting cancer cells to overcome the effect of these agents. Pharmacoresistance can be primary (intrinsic) or secondary (acquired), i.e., triggered or enhanced in response to the treatment. Moreover, MPRs usually result in the lack of sensitivity to several agents, which accounts for diverse multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. MPRs are based on the dynamic expression of more than one hundred genes, constituting the so-called resistome. Alternative splicing (AS) during pre-mRNA maturation results in changes affecting proteins involved in the resistome. The resulting splicing variants (SVs) reduce the efficacy of anticancer drugs by lowering the intracellular levels of active agents, altering molecular targets, enhancing both DNA repair ability and defensive mechanism of tumors, inducing changes in the balance between pro-survival and pro-apoptosis signals, modifying interactions with the tumor microenvironment, and favoring malignant phenotypic transitions. Reasons accounting for cancer-associated aberrant splicing include mutations that create or disrupt splicing sites or splicing enhancers or silencers, abnormal expression of splicing factors, and impaired signaling pathways affecting the activity of the splicing machinery. Here we have reviewed the impact of AS on MPR in cancer cells.
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34
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Atwa SM, Odenthal M, El Tayebi HM. Genetic Heterogeneity, Therapeutic Hurdle Confronting Sorafenib and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4343. [PMID: 34503153 PMCID: PMC8430643 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the latest advances in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening and treatment modalities, HCC is still representing a global burden. Most HCC patients present at later stages to an extent that conventional curative options are ineffective. Hence, systemic therapy represented by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sorafenib, in the first-line setting is the main treatment modality for advanced-stage HCC. However, in the two groundbreaking phase III clinical trials, the SHARP and Asia-Pacific trials, sorafenib has demonstrated a modest prolongation of overall survival in almost 30% of HCC patients. As HCC develops in an immune-rich milieu, particular attention has been placed on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a novel therapeutic modality for HCC. Yet, HCC therapy is hampered by the resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and the subsequent tumor recurrence. HCC is characterized by substantial genomic heterogeneity that has an impact on cellular response to the applied therapy. And hence, this review aims at giving an insight into the therapeutic impact and the different mechanisms of resistance to sorafenib and ICIs as well as, discussing the genomic heterogeneity associated with such mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Atwa
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11865, Egypt;
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Hend M. El Tayebi
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
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35
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Dahiya M, Dureja H. Sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma: potential molecular targets and resistance mechanisms. J Chemother 2021; 34:286-301. [PMID: 34291704 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2021.1955202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most widespread typical therapy-resistant, unresectable type of malignant solid tumour with a high death rate constituting huge medical concern. Sorafenib is a small molecule oral multi-target kinase potent inhibitor that acts by suppressing/blocking the multiplication of the tumour cells, angiogenesis, and encouraging apoptosis of the tumour cells. Though, the precise mechanism of tumour cell death induction by sorafenib is yet under exploration. Furthermore, genetic heterogeneity plays a critical role in developing sorafenib resistance, which leads the way to identify the need for predictive biomarkers responsible for drug resistance. Therefore, it is essential to find out the fundamental resistance mechanisms to expand therapeutic plans. The authors summarize the molecular concepts of resistance, progression, potential molecular targets, HCC management therapies, and discussion on the advancements expected in the coming future, inclusive of biomarker-driven treatment strategies, which may provide the prospects to design innovative therapeutically targeted strategies for the HCC treatment and the clinical implementation of emerging targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Dahiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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36
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Expression and clinical significance of organic cation transporter family in glioblastoma multiforme. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:1115-1121. [PMID: 34080124 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solute carrier (SLC) 22 A1, A2, and A3 are polyspecific transporters transporting organic cations like histamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, MPP + , and toxins. The expression of SLC22A1-A3 in cancer is seldom investigated, and the function of SLC22A1-A3 in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is never elucidated. MATERIALS In our study, we detected the expression of SLC22A1-A3 in 11 fresh GBMs and tumor-adjacent brain tissues with qPCR, and in 129 paraffin-embedded GBMs with immunohistochemistry (IHC). With chi-square test, we investigated the correlation between expression of SLC22A1-A3 and the clinicopathological factors including patients' age, sex, tumor size, and KPS score. With Kaplan-Meier method and Cox-regression model, we estimated the prognostic significance of SLC22A1-A3 in GBM. RESULTS SLC22A3 was significantly downregulated in GBMs compared with the tumor-adjacent normal tissues. With univariate survival analyses, we showed that SLC22A3, instead of SLC22A1 and A2, was an independent biomarker predicting favorable prognosis. With multivariate analyses, SLC22A3 was identified as an independent prognostic biomarker indicating the favorable outcome of GBM. CONCLUSIONS SLC22A3 is an independent favorable prognostic biomarker of GBM. Patients with low SLC22A3 may be more high-risk and should receive more intensive post-operational supervision and treatments.
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37
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Fernández-Tussy P, Rodríguez-Agudo R, Fernández-Ramos D, Barbier-Torres L, Zubiete-Franco I, Davalillo SLD, Herraez E, Goikoetxea-Usandizaga N, Lachiondo-Ortega S, Simón J, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Juan VGD, McCain MV, Perugorria MJ, Mabe J, Navasa N, Rodrigues CMP, Fabregat I, Boix L, Sapena V, Anguita J, Lu SC, Mato JM, Banales JM, Villa E, Reeves HL, Bruix J, Reig M, Marin JJG, Delgado TC, Martínez-Chantar ML. Anti-miR-518d-5p overcomes liver tumor cell death resistance through mitochondrial activity. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:555. [PMID: 34050139 PMCID: PMC8163806 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03827-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of miRNAs is a hallmark of cancer, modulating oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and drug responsiveness. The multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib is one of the first-line drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), although the outcome for treated patients is heterogeneous. The identification of predictive biomarkers and targets of sorafenib efficacy are sorely needed. Thus, selected top upregulated miRNAs from the C19MC cluster were analyzed in different hepatoma cell lines compared to immortalized liver human cells, THLE-2 as control. MiR-518d-5p showed the most consistent upregulation among them. Thus, miR-518d-5p was measured in liver tumor/non-tumor samples of two distinct cohorts of HCC patients (n = 16 and n = 20, respectively). Circulating miR-518d-5p was measured in an independent cohort of HCC patients receiving sorafenib treatment (n = 100), where miR-518d-5p was analyzed in relation to treatment duration and patient's overall survival. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed in human hepatoma BCLC3 and Huh7 cells to analyze the effect of miR-518d-5p inhibition/overexpression during the response to sorafenib. Compared with healthy individuals, miR-518d-5p levels were higher in hepatic and serum samples from HCC patients (n = 16) and in an additional cohort of tumor/non-tumor paired samples (n = 20). MiR-518d-5p, through the inhibition of c-Jun and its mitochondrial target PUMA, desensitized human hepatoma cells and mouse xenograft to sorafenib-induced apoptosis. Finally, serum miR-518d-5p was assessed in 100 patients with HCC of different etiologies and BCLC-stage treated with sorafenib. In BCLC-C patients, higher serum miR-518d-5p at diagnosis was associated with shorter sorafenib treatment duration and survival. Hence, hepatic miR-518d-5p modulates sorafenib resistance in HCC through inhibition of c-Jun/PUMA-induced apoptosis. Circulating miR-518d-5p emerges as a potential lack of response biomarker to sorafenib in BCLC-C HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Fernández-Tussy
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Rubén Rodríguez-Agudo
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - David Fernández-Ramos
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Barbier-Torres
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Imanol Zubiete-Franco
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Sergio López de Davalillo
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Elisa Herraez
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.11762.330000 0001 2180 1817Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Naroa Goikoetxea-Usandizaga
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Sofia Lachiondo-Ortega
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Jorge Simón
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Virginia Gutiérrez-de Juan
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Misti V. McCain
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Northern Institute for Cancer Research, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Maria J. Perugorria
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain ,grid.424810.b0000 0004 0467 2314IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jon Mabe
- grid.6496.d0000 0004 1763 8481Electronics and Communications Unit, IK4-Tekniker, Eibar, Spain
| | - Nicolás Navasa
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity, CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Cecilia M. P. Rodrigues
- grid.9983.b0000 0001 2181 4263Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Fabregat
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257TGF-β and Cancer Group, Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Loreto Boix
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Barcelona-Clínic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer,Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Victor Sapena
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Barcelona-Clínic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer,Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Juan Anguita
- grid.424810.b0000 0004 0467 2314IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain ,grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity, CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - José M. Mato
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus M. Banales
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain ,grid.424810.b0000 0004 0467 2314IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Erica Villa
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Gastroenterology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Helen L. Reeves
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Northern Institute for Cancer Research, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ,grid.420004.20000 0004 0444 2244Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Freeman Hospital, Freeman Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN UK
| | - Jordi Bruix
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Barcelona-Clínic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer,Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Maria Reig
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Barcelona-Clínic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer,Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Jose J. G. Marin
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.11762.330000 0001 2180 1817Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Teresa C. Delgado
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María L. Martínez-Chantar
- grid.420175.50000 0004 0639 2420Liver Disease Laboratory, Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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High expression of PARD3 predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11078. [PMID: 34040099 PMCID: PMC8154901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90507-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most commonly cancers with poor prognosis and drug response. Identifying accurate therapeutic targets would facilitate precision treatment and prolong survival for HCC. In this study, we analyzed liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and identified PARD3 as one of the most significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, we investigated the relationship between PARD3 and outcomes of HCC, and assessed predictive capacity. Moreover, we performed functional enrichment and immune infiltration analysis to evaluate functional networks related to PARD3 in HCC and explore its role in tumor immunity. PARD3 expression levels in 371 HCC tissues were dramatically higher than those in 50 paired adjacent liver tissues (p < 0.001). High PARD3 expression was associated with poor clinicopathologic feathers, such as advanced pathologic stage (p = 0.002), vascular invasion (p = 0.012) and TP53 mutation (p = 0.009). Elevated PARD3 expression also correlated with lower overall survival (OS, HR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.45-2.98, p < 0.001) and disease-specific survival (DSS, HR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.27-3.16, p = 0.003). 242 up-regulated and 71 down-regulated genes showed significant association with PARD3 expression, which were involved in genomic instability, response to metal ions, and metabolisms. PARD3 is involved in diverse immune infiltration levels in HCC, especially negatively related to dendritic cells (DCs), cytotoxic cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Altogether, PARD3 could be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of HCC.
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Harati R, Vandamme M, Blanchet B, Bardin C, Praz F, Hamoudi RA, Desbois-Mouthon C. Drug-Drug Interaction between Metformin and Sorafenib Alters Antitumor Effect in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:32-45. [PMID: 33990407 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The multitarget inhibitor sorafenib is a first-line treatment of patients with advanced unresectable HCC. Recent clinical studies have evidenced that patients treated with sorafenib together with the antidiabetic drug metformin have a survival disadvantage compared with patients receiving sorafenib only. Here, we examined whether a clinically relevant dose of metformin (50 mg/kg per day) could influence the antitumoral effects of sorafenib (15 mg/kg per day) in a subcutaneous xenograft model of human HCC growth using two different sequences of administration, i.e., concomitant versus sequential dosing regimens. We observed that the administration of metformin 6 hours prior to sorafenib was significantly less effective in inhibiting tumor growth (15.4% tumor growth inhibition) than concomitant administration of the two drugs (59.5% tumor growth inhibition). In vitro experiments confirmed that pretreatment of different human HCC cell lines with metformin reduced the effects of sorafenib on cell viability, proliferation, and signaling. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed significant differences between xenografted tumors obtained under the concomitant and the sequential dosing regimens. Taken together, these observations call into question the benefit of parallel use of metformin and sorafenib in patients with advanced HCC and diabetes, as the interaction between the two drugs could ultimately compromise patient survival. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: When drugs are administered sequentially, metformin alters the antitumor effect of sorafenib, the reference treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, in a preclinical murine xenograft model of liver cancer progression as well as in hepatic cancer cell lines. Defective activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway as well as major transcriptomic changes are associated with the loss of the antitumor effect. These results echo recent clinical work reporting a poorer prognosis for patients with liver cancer who were cotreated with metformin and sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Harati
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy (R.H.), and Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine (R.A.H), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (R.H., M.V., F.P., C.D.-M.) and Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (C.D.-M.), Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Paris, Paris, France; Département de Pharmacocinétique et Pharmacochimie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, CARPEM, Paris, France (B.B., C.B.); UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (B.B); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France (F.P.); and Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom (R.A.H.)
| | - Marc Vandamme
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy (R.H.), and Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine (R.A.H), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (R.H., M.V., F.P., C.D.-M.) and Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (C.D.-M.), Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Paris, Paris, France; Département de Pharmacocinétique et Pharmacochimie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, CARPEM, Paris, France (B.B., C.B.); UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (B.B); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France (F.P.); and Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom (R.A.H.)
| | - Benoit Blanchet
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy (R.H.), and Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine (R.A.H), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (R.H., M.V., F.P., C.D.-M.) and Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (C.D.-M.), Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Paris, Paris, France; Département de Pharmacocinétique et Pharmacochimie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, CARPEM, Paris, France (B.B., C.B.); UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (B.B); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France (F.P.); and Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom (R.A.H.)
| | - Christophe Bardin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy (R.H.), and Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine (R.A.H), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (R.H., M.V., F.P., C.D.-M.) and Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (C.D.-M.), Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Paris, Paris, France; Département de Pharmacocinétique et Pharmacochimie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, CARPEM, Paris, France (B.B., C.B.); UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (B.B); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France (F.P.); and Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom (R.A.H.)
| | - Françoise Praz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy (R.H.), and Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine (R.A.H), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (R.H., M.V., F.P., C.D.-M.) and Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (C.D.-M.), Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Paris, Paris, France; Département de Pharmacocinétique et Pharmacochimie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, CARPEM, Paris, France (B.B., C.B.); UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (B.B); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France (F.P.); and Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom (R.A.H.)
| | - Rifat Akram Hamoudi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy (R.H.), and Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine (R.A.H), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (R.H., M.V., F.P., C.D.-M.) and Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (C.D.-M.), Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Paris, Paris, France; Département de Pharmacocinétique et Pharmacochimie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, CARPEM, Paris, France (B.B., C.B.); UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (B.B); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France (F.P.); and Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom (R.A.H.)
| | - Christèle Desbois-Mouthon
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy (R.H.), and Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine (R.A.H), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (R.H., M.V., F.P., C.D.-M.) and Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (C.D.-M.), Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Paris, Paris, France; Département de Pharmacocinétique et Pharmacochimie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, CARPEM, Paris, France (B.B., C.B.); UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (B.B); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France (F.P.); and Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom (R.A.H.)
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Manna D, Sarkar D. Multifunctional Role of Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 (AEG-1) in Cancer: Focus on Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081792. [PMID: 33918653 PMCID: PMC8069505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemotherapy is a major mode of treatment for cancers. However, cancer cells adapt to survive in stressful conditions and in many cases, they are inherently resistant to chemotherapy. Additionally, after initial response to chemotherapy, the surviving cancer cells acquire new alterations making them chemoresistant. Genes that help adapt the cancer cells to cope with stress often contribute to chemoresistance and one such gene is Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1). AEG-1 levels are increased in all cancers studied to date and AEG-1 contributes to the development of highly aggressive, metastatic cancers. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the mechanism by which AEG-1 augments tumor development with special focus on its ability to regulate chemoresistance. We also discuss potential ways to inhibit AEG-1 to overcome chemoresistance. Abstract Cancer development results from the acquisition of numerous genetic and epigenetic alterations in cancer cells themselves, as well as continuous changes in their microenvironment. The plasticity of cancer cells allows them to continuously adapt to selective pressures brought forth by exogenous environmental stresses, the internal milieu of the tumor and cancer treatment itself. Resistance to treatment, either inherent or acquired after the commencement of treatment, is a major obstacle an oncologist confronts in an endeavor to efficiently manage the disease. Resistance to chemotherapy, chemoresistance, is an important hallmark of aggressive cancers, and driver oncogene-induced signaling pathways and molecular abnormalities create the platform for chemoresistance. The oncogene Astrocyte elevated gene-1/Metadherin (AEG-1/MTDH) is overexpressed in a diverse array of cancers, and its overexpression promotes all the hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and chemoresistance. The present review provides a comprehensive description of the molecular mechanism by which AEG-1 promotes tumorigenesis, with a special emphasis on its ability to regulate chemoresistance.
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Zhou S, Zeng S, Shu Y. Drug-Drug Interactions at Organic Cation Transporter 1. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:628705. [PMID: 33679412 PMCID: PMC7925875 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.628705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between drugs and various transporters is one of the decisive factors that affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. The organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) is a member of the Solute Carrier 22A (SLC22A) family that plays a vital role in the membrane transport of organic cations including endogenous substances and xenobiotics. This article mainly discusses the drug-drug interactions (DDIs) mediated by OCT1 and their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Sujuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Shu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Vollmar J, Kim YO, Marquardt JU, Galle PR, Schuppan D, Zimmermann T. Functional inhibition of Oct leads to HNF4α upregulation. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:349. [PMID: 33732322 PMCID: PMC7903485 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic cation transporters (human, OCT; mouse, Oct) are responsible for the intracellular uptake and detoxification of a broad spectrum of endogenous and exogenous substrates. The OCT1 gene SLC22A1 (human; mouse, Scl22a1) is transactivated by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (human, HNF4α; mouse, Hnf4α). HNF4α is a master regulator of hepatocyte differentiation and is frequently associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, the downregulation of HNF4α is associated with enhanced fibrogenesis. Our recent study revealed that hepatocarcinogenesis and fibrosis were enhanced with the loss of Oct3 (gene, Slc22a3). Notably, differences in Hnf4α expression, and in cholestasis and fibrosis were also detected in Oct3-knockout (FVB.Slc22a3tm10pb, Oct3-/-) mice. To the best of our knowledge, no data exists on an interaction between Oct3 and Hnf4α. We hypothesised that loss of Oct3 may have an impact on Hnf4α expression. In the present study, gene expression analyses were performed in liver tissue from untreated Oct3-/- and wild type (FVB, WT) mice. C57BL/6, Oct3-/- and WT mice were treated with pro-fibrotic carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or thioacetamide (TAA) for 6 weeks to chemically induce liver fibrosis. Cholestasis-associated fibrosis was mechanically generated in Oct3-/- and WT mice by bile duct ligation (BDL). Finally, stably OCT1- and OCT3-transfected tumour cell lines and primary murine hepatocytes were treated with the non-selective OCT inhibitor quinine and Hnf4α expression was quantified by qPCR and immunofluorescence. The results revealed that Hnf4α is one of the top upstream regulators in Oct3-/- mice. Hnf4α mRNA expression levels were downregulated in Oct3-/- mice compared with in WT mice during cholestatic liver damage as well as fibrogenesis. The downregulation of Hnf4α mRNA expression in fibrotic liver tissue was reversible within 4 weeks. In stably OCT1- and OCT3-transfected HepG2 and HuH7 cells, and primary murine hepatocytes, functional inhibition of OCT led to the upregulation of Hnf4α mRNA expression. Hnf4α was revealed to be located in the cytosol of WT hepatocytes, whereas Oct3-/- hepatocytes exhibited nuclear Hnf4α expression. In conclusion, Hnf4α was downregulated in response to cholestasis and fibrosis, and functional inhibition of Oct may lead to the upregulation of Hnf4α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Vollmar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hospital of Worms, D-67550 Worms, Germany
| | - Yong Ook Kim
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Fibrosis and Metabolism Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Uwe Marquardt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter R Galle
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Fibrosis and Metabolism Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tim Zimmermann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hospital of Worms, D-67550 Worms, Germany
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Raevskaya O, Appelman H, Razumilava N. A Contemporary Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Combined Hepatocellular-Cholangiocarcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 19:478-485. [PMID: 33415066 DOI: 10.1007/s11901-020-00556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review To provide updates on terminology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA). Recent findings cHCC-CCAs are tumors that in the same nodule contain a variable degree of HCC and CCA components with a transition zone. cHCC-CCAs develop in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic livers like and is associated with poor outcomes. Mutations in TP53, TERT promoter, and ARID1A are the most common genetic aberrations in cHCC-CCA. Fusion gene PTMS-AP1G1 is unique for cHCC-CCA. A biopsy is required for diagnosis. Surgical resection remains treatment of choice, while liver transplantation for early cHCC-CCA is associated with favorable outcomes. Gemcitabine-based therapy shows benefits for advanced cHCC-CCA. Summary cHCC-CCAs are a heterogeneous group of primary liver cancers with unique biological behavior. Multicenter studies are required for a molecular analysis to inform novel therapeutic approaches, and understand epidemiology and benefits of liver transplantation, liver-directed and targeted therapies for this rare aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Raevskaya
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Henry Appelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Huang WK, Yeh CN. The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in Regulating the Drug Response of Cholangiocarcinoma. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101396. [PMID: 33007962 PMCID: PMC7600158 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common biliary malignancy, and has a poor prognosis. The median overall survival with the standard-of-care chemotherapy (Gemcitabine and cisplatin) in patients with advanced-stage CCA is less than one year. The limited efficacy of chemotherapy or targeted therapy remains a major obstacle to improving survival. The mechanisms involved in drug resistance are complex. Research efforts focusing on the distinct molecular mechanisms underlying drug resistance should prompt the development of treatment strategies that overcome chemoresistance or targeted drug resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of evolutionarily conserved, short noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Dysregulated miRNAs have been shown to participate in almost all CCA hallmarks, including cell proliferation, migration and invasion, apoptosis, and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Emerging evidence demonstrates that miRNAs play a role in regulating responses to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Herein, we present an overview of the current knowledge on the miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms underlying drug resistance among CCA. We also discuss the application of miRNA-based therapeutics to CCA, providing the basis for innovative treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Kuan Huang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- Department of Surgery and Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3281200
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Abstract
The organic cation transporters (OCTs) OCT1, OCT2, OCT3, novel OCT (OCTN)1, OCTN2, multidrug and toxin exclusion (MATE)1, and MATE kidney-specific 2 are polyspecific transporters exhibiting broadly overlapping substrate selectivities. They transport organic cations, zwitterions, and some uncharged compounds and operate as facilitated diffusion systems and/or antiporters. OCTs are critically involved in intestinal absorption, hepatic uptake, and renal excretion of hydrophilic drugs. They modulate the distribution of endogenous compounds such as thiamine, L-carnitine, and neurotransmitters. Sites of expression and functions of OCTs have important impact on energy metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of drugs, and on drug-drug interactions. In this work, an overview about the human OCTs is presented. Functional properties of human OCTs, including identified substrates and inhibitors of the individual transporters, are described. Sites of expression are compiled, and data on regulation of OCTs are presented. In addition, genetic variations of OCTs are listed, and data on their impact on transport, drug treatment, and diseases are reported. Moreover, recent data are summarized that indicate complex drug-drug interaction at OCTs, such as allosteric high-affinity inhibition of transport and substrate dependence of inhibitor efficacies. A hypothesis about the molecular mechanism of polyspecific substrate recognition by OCTs is presented that is based on functional studies and mutagenesis experiments in OCT1 and OCT2. This hypothesis provides a framework to imagine how observed complex drug-drug interactions at OCTs arise. Finally, preclinical in vitro tests that are performed by pharmaceutical companies to identify interaction of novel drugs with OCTs are discussed. Optimized experimental procedures are proposed that allow a gapless detection of inhibitory and transported drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Koepsell
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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How Dysregulated Ion Channels and Transporters Take a Hand in Esophageal, Liver, and Colorectal Cancer. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:129-222. [PMID: 32875386 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the understanding of how dysregulated ion channels and transporters are involved in carcinogenesis and tumor growth and progression, including invasiveness and metastasis, has been increasing exponentially. The present review specifies virtually all ion channels and transporters whose faulty expression or regulation contributes to esophageal, hepatocellular, and colorectal cancer. The variety reaches from Ca2+, K+, Na+, and Cl- channels over divalent metal transporters, Na+ or Cl- coupled Ca2+, HCO3- and H+ exchangers to monocarboxylate carriers and organic anion and cation transporters. In several cases, the underlying mechanisms by which these ion channels/transporters are interwoven with malignancies have been fully or at least partially unveiled. Ca2+, Akt/NF-κB, and Ca2+- or pH-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling emerge as cross points through which ion channels/transporters interfere with gene expression, modulate cell proliferation, trigger epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and promote cell motility and metastasis. Also miRs, lncRNAs, and DNA methylation represent potential links between the misexpression of genes encoding for ion channels/transporters, their malfunctioning, and cancer. The knowledge of all these molecular interactions has provided the basis for therapeutic strategies and approaches, some of which will be broached in this review.
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Banales JM, Marin JJG, Lamarca A, Rodrigues PM, Khan SA, Roberts LR, Cardinale V, Carpino G, Andersen JB, Braconi C, Calvisi DF, Perugorria MJ, Fabris L, Boulter L, Macias RIR, Gaudio E, Alvaro D, Gradilone SA, Strazzabosco M, Marzioni M, Coulouarn C, Fouassier L, Raggi C, Invernizzi P, Mertens JC, Moncsek A, Ilyas SI, Heimbach J, Koerkamp BG, Bruix J, Forner A, Bridgewater J, Valle JW, Gores GJ. Cholangiocarcinoma 2020: the next horizon in mechanisms and management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:557-588. [PMID: 32606456 PMCID: PMC7447603 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-020-0310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1183] [Impact Index Per Article: 295.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) includes a cluster of highly heterogeneous biliary malignant tumours that can arise at any point of the biliary tree. Their incidence is increasing globally, currently accounting for ~15% of all primary liver cancers and ~3% of gastrointestinal malignancies. The silent presentation of these tumours combined with their highly aggressive nature and refractoriness to chemotherapy contribute to their alarming mortality, representing ~2% of all cancer-related deaths worldwide yearly. The current diagnosis of CCA by non-invasive approaches is not accurate enough, and histological confirmation is necessary. Furthermore, the high heterogeneity of CCAs at the genomic, epigenetic and molecular levels severely compromises the efficacy of the available therapies. In the past decade, increasing efforts have been made to understand the complexity of these tumours and to develop new diagnostic tools and therapies that might help to improve patient outcomes. In this expert Consensus Statement, which is endorsed by the European Network for the Study of Cholangiocarcinoma, we aim to summarize and critically discuss the latest advances in CCA, mostly focusing on classification, cells of origin, genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, molecular alterations, biomarker discovery and treatments. Furthermore, the horizon of CCA for the next decade from 2020 onwards is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Jose J G Marin
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pedro M Rodrigues
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Shahid A Khan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lewis R Roberts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chiara Braconi
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria J Perugorria
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Luca Fabris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
- Digestive Disease Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC-Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rocio I R Macias
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mario Strazzabosco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
- Digestive Disease Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marco Marzioni
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Laura Fouassier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Chiara Raggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center of Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano, Bicocca, Italy
| | - Joachim C Mertens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Moncsek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sumera I. Ilyas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Jordi Bruix
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomédica (FCRB), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Forner
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomédica (FCRB), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Bridgewater
- Department of Medical Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Juan W Valle
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gregory J Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
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Uptake Transporters of the SLC21, SLC22A, and SLC15A Families in Anticancer Therapy-Modulators of Cellular Entry or Pharmacokinetics? Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082263. [PMID: 32806706 PMCID: PMC7464370 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier transporters comprise a large family of uptake transporters involved in the transmembrane transport of a wide array of endogenous substrates such as hormones, nutrients, and metabolites as well as of clinically important drugs. Several cancer therapeutics, ranging from chemotherapeutics such as topoisomerase inhibitors, DNA-intercalating drugs, and microtubule binders to targeted therapeutics such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors are substrates of solute carrier (SLC) transporters. Given that SLC transporters are expressed both in organs pivotal to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination and in tumors, these transporters constitute determinants of cellular drug accumulation influencing intracellular drug concentration required for efficacy of the cancer treatment in tumor cells. In this review, we explore the current understanding of members of three SLC families, namely SLC21 (organic anion transporting polypeptides, OATPs), SLC22A (organic cation transporters, OCTs; organic cation/carnitine transporters, OCTNs; and organic anion transporters OATs), and SLC15A (peptide transporters, PEPTs) in the etiology of cancer, in transport of chemotherapeutic drugs, and their influence on efficacy or toxicity of pharmacotherapy. We further explore the idea to exploit the function of SLC transporters to enhance cancer cell accumulation of chemotherapeutics, which would be expected to reduce toxic side effects in healthy tissue and to improve efficacy.
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49
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Huang A, Yang XR, Chung WY, Dennison AR, Zhou J. Targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:146. [PMID: 32782275 PMCID: PMC7419547 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The last 3 years have seen the emergence of promising targeted therapies for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib has been the mainstay of treatment for a decade and newer modalities were ineffective and did not confer any increased therapeutic benefit until the introduction of lenvatinib which was approved based on its non-inferiority to sorafenib. The subsequent success of regorafenib in HCC patients who progress on sorafenib treatment heralded a new era of second-line treatment and was quickly followed by ramucirumab, cabozantinib, and the most influential, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Over the same period combination therapies, including anti-angiogenesis agents with ICIs, dual ICIs and targeted agents in conjunction with surgery or other loco-regional therapies, have been extensively investigated and have shown promise and provided the basis for exciting clinical trials. Work continues to develop additional novel therapeutic agents which could potentially augment the presently available options and understand the underlying mechanisms responsible for drug resistance, with the goal of improving the survival of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Chung
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Ashley R Dennison
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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50
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Hulin A, Stocco J, Bouattour M. Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Transarterial Chemoembolization and Targeted Therapies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Pharmacokinet 2020; 58:983-1014. [PMID: 31093928 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-019-00740-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is based on a multidisciplinary decision tree. Treatment includes loco-regional therapy, mainly transarterial chemoembolization, for intermediate-stage HCC and systemic therapy with oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for advanced HCC. Transarterial chemoembolization involves hepatic intra-arterial infusion with either conventional procedure or drug-eluting-beads. The aim of the loco-regional procedure is to deliver treatment as close as possible to the tumor both to embolize the tumor area and to enhance efficacy and minimize systemic toxicity of the anticancer drug. Pharmacokinetic studies applied to transarterial chemoembolization are rare and pharmacodynamic studies even rarer. However, all available studies lead to the same conclusions: use of the transarterial route lowers systemic exposure to the cytotoxic drug and leads to much higher tumor drug concentrations than does a similar dose via the intravenous route. However, reproducibility of the procedure remains a major problem, and no consensus exists regarding the choice of anticancer drug and its dosage. Systemic therapy with TKIs is based on sorafenib and lenvatinib as first-line treatment and regorafenib and cabozantinib as second-line treatment. Clinical use of TKIs is challenging because of their complex pharmacokinetics, with high liver metabolism yielding both active metabolites and their common toxicities. Changes in liver function over time with the progression of HCC adds further complexity to the use of TKIs. The challenges posed by TKIs and the HCC disease process means monitoring of TKIs is required to improve clinical management. To date, only partial data supporting sorafenib monitoring is available. Results from further pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies of these four TKIs are eagerly awaited and are expected to permit such monitoring and the development of consensus guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Hulin
- APHP, Laboratory of Pharmacology, GH Henri Mondor, EA7375, University Paris Est Creteil, 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Jeanick Stocco
- APHP, HUPNVS, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Beaujon University Hospital, 92110, Clichy, France
| | - Mohamed Bouattour
- APHP, HUPNVS, Department of Digestive Oncology, Beaujon University Hospital, 92110, Clichy, France.
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