1
|
Xu Y, Chen Y, Jiang W, Yin X, Chen D, Chi Y, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Han Y. Identification of fatty acid metabolism-related molecular subtype biomarkers and their correlation with immune checkpoints in cutaneous melanoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:967277. [PMID: 36466837 PMCID: PMC9716430 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.967277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fatty acid metabolism (FAM) affects the immune phenotype in a metabolically dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME), but the use of FAM-related genes (FAMGs) to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response of cutaneous melanoma (CM) patients has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to construct FAM molecular subtypes and identify key prognostic biomarkers in CM. METHODS We used a CM dataset in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to construct FAM molecular subtypes. We performed Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and TME analysis to assess differences in the prognosis and immune phenotype between subtypes. We used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify key biomarkers that regulate tumor metabolism and immunity between the subtypes. We compared overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) between CM patients with high or low biomarker expression. We applied univariable and multivariable Cox analyses to verify the independent prognostic value of the FAM biomarkers. We used GSEA and TME analysis to investigate the immune-related regulation mechanism of the FAM subtype biomarker. We evaluated the immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) response and chemotherapy sensitivity between CM patients with high or low biomarker expression. We performed real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and semi-quantitative analysis of the immunohistochemical (IHC) data from the Human Protein Atlas to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression levels of the FAM biomarkers in CM. RESULTS We identified 2 FAM molecular subtypes (cluster 1 and cluster 2). K-M analysis showed that cluster 2 had better OS and PFS than cluster 1 did. GSEA showed that, compared with cluster 1, cluster 2 had significantly upregulated immune response pathways. The TME analysis indicated that immune cell subpopulations and immune functions were highly enriched in cluster 2 as compared with cluster 1. WGCNA identified 6 hub genes (ACSL5, ALOX5AP, CD1D, CD74, IL4I1, and TBXAS1) as FAM biomarkers. CM patients with high expression levels of the six biomarkers had better OS, PFS, and DSS than those with low expression levels of the biomarkers. The Cox regression analyses verified that the 6 FAM biomarkers can be independent prognostic factors for CM patients. The single-gene GSEA showed that the high expression levels of the 6 genes were mainly enriched in T-cell antigen presentation, the PD-1 signaling pathway, and tumor escape. The TME analysis confirmed that the FAM subtype biomarkers were not only related to immune infiltration but also highly correlated with immune checkpoints such as PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4. TIDE scores confirmed that patients with high expression levels of the 6 biomarkers had worse immunotherapy responses. The 6 genes conveyed significant sensitivity to some chemotherapy drugs. qRT-PCR and IHC analyses verified the expression levels of the 6 biomarkers in CM cells. CONCLUSION Our FAM subtypes verify that different FAM reprogramming affects the function and phenotype of infiltrating immune cells in the CM TME. The FAM molecular subtype biomarkers can be independent predictors of prognosis and immunotherapy response in CM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujian Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Youbai Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Weiqian Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangye Yin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Julei Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qixu Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
TBXAS1 Gene Polymorphism Is Associated with the Risk of Ischemic Stroke of Metabolic Syndrome in a Chinese Han Population. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:9717510. [PMID: 35923246 PMCID: PMC9343182 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9717510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association between thromboxane A synthase 1 (TBXAS1) gene polymorphism and metabolic syndrome (MS) and explore whether gene polymorphism could act as biomarkers in MS and its components or whether it could play a role in MS-related damage. Methods A total of 3072 eligible subjects were obtained, of which 1079 cases were controls and 1993 cases were MS patients. Subjects were followed up for 5 years, and the endpoint were recorded. The gene polymorphism of TBXAS1 was detected by using the Sequenom MassArray method. Results Significant differences were observed in ischemic stroke and NC_000007.14: g.139985896C>T (P < 0.05). The incidence of ischemic stroke was significantly higher in T allele carriers than in C (P < 0.05). C allele was the protective factor of the onset of ischemic stroke. There were negative interactions between C allele and waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Conclusion These findings suggest that NC_000007.14: g.139985896C>T was related to the incidence of ischemic stroke in the whole and MS population, and individuals who carry the C allele have a reduced risk of ischemic stroke, which may be used as a promising biomarker of disease risk in patients with MS.
Collapse
|
3
|
Infeld M, Friede KA, San TR, Knickerbocker HJ, Ginsburg GS, Ortel TL, Voora D. Platelet reactivity in response to aspirin and ticagrelor in African-Americans and European-Americans. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021; 51:249-259. [PMID: 33159252 PMCID: PMC7889728 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Platelet gene polymorphisms are associated with variable on-treatment platelet reactivity and vary by race. Whether differences in platelet reactivity and aspirin or ticagrelor exist between African-American and European-Americans remains poorly understood. Biological samples from three prior prospective antiplatelet challenge studies at the Duke Clinical Research Unit were used to compare platelet reactivity between African-American and European-American subjects. Platelet reactivity at baseline, on-aspirin, on-ticagrelor, and the treatment effect of aspirin or ticagrelor were compared between groups using an adjusted mixed effects model. Compared with European-Americans (n = 282; 50% female; mean ± standard deviation age, 50 ± 16), African-Americans (n = 209; 67% female; age 48 ± 12) had lower baseline platelet reactivity with platelet function analyzer-100 (PFA-100) (p < 0.01) and with light transmission aggregometry (LTA) in response to arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and epinephrine agonists (p < 0.05). African-Americans had lower platelet reactivity on aspirin in response to ADP, epinephrine, and collagen (p < 0.05) and on ticagrelor in response to AA, ADP, and collagen (p < 0.05). The treatment effect of aspirin was greater in European-Americans with an AA agonist (p = 0.002). Between-race differences with in vitro aspirin mirrored those seen in vivo. The treatment effect of ticagrelor was greater in European-Americans in response to ADP (p < 0.05) but with collagen, the treatment effect was greater for African-Americans (p < 0.05). Platelet reactivity was overall lower in African-Americans off-treatment, on aspirin, and on ticagrelor. European-Americans experienced greater platelet suppression on aspirin and on ticagrelor. The aspirin response difference in vivo and in vitro suggests a mechanism intrinsic to the platelet. Whether the absolute level of platelet reactivity or the degree of platelet suppression after treatment is more important for clinical outcomes is uncertain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Infeld
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Kevin A Friede
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tan Ru San
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Holly J Knickerbocker
- Center for Applied Genomics & Precision Medicine, Duke University, 2187 CIEMAS, Campus Box 3382, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Geoffrey S Ginsburg
- Center for Applied Genomics & Precision Medicine, Duke University, 2187 CIEMAS, Campus Box 3382, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thomas L Ortel
- Division of Hematology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Deepak Voora
- Center for Applied Genomics & Precision Medicine, Duke University, 2187 CIEMAS, Campus Box 3382, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Postula M, Janicki PK, Eyileten C, Rosiak M, Kaplon-Cieslicka A, Sugino S, Wilimski R, Kosior DA, Opolski G, Filipiak KJ, Mirowska-Guzel D. Next-generation re-sequencing of genes involved in increased platelet reactivity in diabetic patients on acetylsalicylic acid. Platelets 2015; 27:357-64. [PMID: 26599574 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1109071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether rare missense genetic variants in several genes related to platelet functions and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) response are associated with the platelet reactivity in patients with diabetes type 2 (T2D) on ASA therapy. Fifty eight exons and corresponding introns of eight selected genes, including PTGS1, PTGS2, TXBAS1, PTGIS, ADRA2A, ADRA2B, TXBA2R, and P2RY1 were re-sequenced in 230 DNA samples from T2D patients by using a pooled PCR amplification and next-generation sequencing by Illumina HiSeq2000. The observed non-synonymous variants were confirmed by individual genotyping of 384 DNA samples comprising of the individuals from the original discovery pools and additional verification cohort of 154 ASA-treated T2DM patients. The association between investigated phenotypes (ASA induced changes in platelets reactivity by PFA-100, VerifyNow and serum thromboxane B2 level [sTxB2]), and accumulation of rare missense variants (genetic burden) in investigated genes was tested using statistical collapsing tests. We identified a total of 35 exonic variants, including 3 common missense variants, 15 rare missense variants, and 17 synonymous variants in 8 investigated genes. The rare missense variants exhibited statistically significant difference in the accumulation pattern between a group of patients with increased and normal platelet reactivity based on PFA-100 assay. Our study suggests that genetic burden of the rare functional variants in eight genes may contribute to differences in the platelet reactivity measured with the PFA-100 assay in the T2DM patients treated with ASA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Postula
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT , Warsaw , Poland.,b Perioperative Genomics Laboratory , Penn State College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Piotr K Janicki
- b Perioperative Genomics Laboratory , Penn State College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Marek Rosiak
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT , Warsaw , Poland.,c Department of Cardiology and Hypertension , Central Clinical Hospital, The Ministry of the Interior , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Shigekazu Sugino
- b Perioperative Genomics Laboratory , Penn State College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Radosław Wilimski
- e Department of Cardiac Surgery , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Dariusz A Kosior
- c Department of Cardiology and Hypertension , Central Clinical Hospital, The Ministry of the Interior , Warsaw , Poland.,f Department of Applied Physiology , Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Grzegorz Opolski
- d Department of Cardiology , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT , Warsaw , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pasha Q. Saudi Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension: Genetics of pulmonary hypertension. Ann Thorac Med 2014; 9:S16-20. [PMID: 25076992 PMCID: PMC4114274 DOI: 10.4103/1817-1737.134009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a phenotype characterized by functional and structural changes in the pulmonary vasculature, leading to increased vascular resistance.[12] The World Health Organization has classified PH into five different types: arterial, venous, hypoxic, thromboembolic or miscellaneous; details are available in the main guidelines. Group I of this classification, designated as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), will remain the main focus here. The pathophysiology involves signaling, endothelial dysfunction, activation of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, interaction between cells within the vascular wall, and the circulating cells; as a consequence plexiform lesions are formed, which is common to both idiopathic and heritable PAH but are also seen in other forms of PAH.[234] As the pathology of PAH in the lung is well known, this article focuses on the genetic aspects associated with the disease and is a gist of several available articles in literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qadar Pasha
- Department of Genetics, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gleim S, Stitham J, Tang WH, Li H, Douville K, Chelikani P, J.Rade J, Martin KA, Hwa J. Human thromboxane A2 receptor genetic variants: in silico, in vitro and "in platelet" analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67314. [PMID: 23840660 PMCID: PMC3696120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thromboxane and its receptor have emerged as key players in modulating vascular thrombotic events. Thus, a dysfunctional hTP genetic variant may protect against (hypoactivity) or promote (hyperactivity) vascular events, based upon its activity on platelets. After extensive in silico analysis, six hTP-α variants were selected (C68S, V80E, E94V, A160T, V176E, and V217I) for detailed biochemical studies based on structural proximity to key regions involved in receptor function and in silico predictions. Variant biochemical profiles ranged from severe instability (C68S) to normal (V217I), with most variants demonstrating functional alteration in binding, expression or activation (V80E, E94V, A160T, and V176E). In the absence of patient platelet samples, we developed and validated a novel megakaryocyte based system to evaluate human platelet function in the presence of detected dysfunctional genetic variants. Interestingly, variant V80E exhibited reduced platelet activation whereas A160T demonstrated platelet hyperactivity. This report provides the most comprehensive in silico, in vitro and “in platelet” evaluation of hTP variants to date and highlightscurrent inherent problems in evaluating genetic variants, with possible solutions. The study additionally provides clinical relevance to characterized dysfunctional hTP variants.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Aspirin/pharmacology
- Binding Sites
- Binding, Competitive
- Blood Platelets/drug effects
- Blood Platelets/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Genetic Association Studies
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Platelet Activation/drug effects
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Proteome/metabolism
- Receptors, Thromboxane A2, Prostaglandin H2/chemistry
- Receptors, Thromboxane A2, Prostaglandin H2/genetics
- Receptors, Thromboxane A2, Prostaglandin H2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Thromboxanes/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Gleim
- Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jeremiah Stitham
- Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Wai Ho Tang
- Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Karen Douville
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Prashen Chelikani
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Manitoba Faculty of Dentistry, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jeffrey J.Rade
- Internal Medicine-Section of Cardiology, UMass School of Medicine and Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathleen A. Martin
- Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven Connecticut, United States of America
| | - John Hwa
- Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover New Hampshire, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Polimanti R, Piacentini S, Manfellotto D, Fuciarelli M. Human genetic variation of CYP450 superfamily: analysis of functional diversity in worldwide populations. Pharmacogenomics 2013; 13:1951-60. [PMID: 23215887 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.12.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to investigate the human genetic diversity of the CYP450 superfamily in order to identify functional interethnic differences and analyze the role of CYP450 enzymes in human adaptation. MATERIALS & METHODS A computational analysis of genetic and functional differences of the 57 CYP450 genes was performed using the Human Genome Diversity Project and HapMap data; comprising approximately 1694 individuals belonging to 62 human populations. RESULTS Twenty-six CYP450 SNPs with F-statistics significantly different than the general distribution were identified. Some showed high differentiation among human populations, suggesting that functional interethnic differences may be present. Indeed, some of these are significantly associated with drug response or disease risk. Furthermore, our data highlighted that TBXAS1 and genes in CYP3A cluster may have a role in some processes of human adaptation. CONCLUSION Our study provided an analysis of genetic diversity of CYP450 superfamily, identifying functional differences among ethnic groups and their related clinical phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renato Polimanti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thromboxane A synthase (TXAS) metabolizes the cyclooxygenase product prostaglandin (PG) H2 into thromboxane H2 (TXA2), a potent inducer of blood vessel constriction and platelet aggregation. Nonsynonymous polymorphisms in the TXAS gene have the potential to alter TXAS activity and affect TXA2 generation. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the functional effects of genetic variants in the TXAS protein, including K258E, L357V, Q417E, E450K, and T451N. METHODS Wild-type TXAS and the variant proteins were expressed in a bacterial system and purified by affinity and hydroxyapatite chromatography. The two characteristic catalytic activities of TXAS were assayed in each of the purified recombinant proteins: isomerization of PGH2 to TXA2 and fragmentation of PGH2 to 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid and malondialdehyde. RESULTS All of the variants showed both isomerization and fragmentation activities. The Km values of the variants ranged from 27 to 52 µmol/l PGH2 (wild-type value: 32 μmol/l PGH2); the Vmax values of the variants ranged from 18 to 40 U/mg (wild-type value: 41 U/mg). The kinetic differences were largest for the L357V variant, whose Vmax/Km ratio was just 27% of the wild-type value. CONCLUSION The increased Km and decreased Vmax values observed with L357V suggest that this variant may generate less TXA2 at the low levels of PGH2 expected in vivo, raising the possibility of attenuated signaling through the thromboxane pathway.
Collapse
|
9
|
Lordkipanidzé M, Diodati JG, Palisaitis DA, Schampaert E, Turgeon J, Pharand C. Genetic determinants of response to aspirin: Appraisal of 4 candidate genes. Thromb Res 2011; 128:47-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
10
|
Otahbachi M, Simoni J, Simoni G, Moeller JF, Cevik C, Meyerrose GE, Roongsritong C. Gender differences in platelet aggregation in healthy individuals. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2010; 30:184-91. [PMID: 20039102 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-009-0436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated gender variability in platelet aggregation in response to common agonists. Platelet aggregation was measured in 36 healthy men and women free of any antiplatelet medication, aged 22-36 years, of Caucasian (White not of Hispanic origin), Hispanic, and African-American not of Hispanic origin. In this ex-vivo study, we investigated platelet aggregation in response to adenosine-5'-diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine (EPI), arachidonic acid (AA) and collagen (COL), using a platelet ionized calcium aggregometer (Chrono-Log Co.). Platelet aggregation response to all tested agonists was higher in females than in males regardless of ethnicity. The most significant differences were observed with collagen (P < 0.01). Among the ethnic groups, Caucasian women were most prone to platelet aggregation. Gender is a determinant of agonist effects on platelet aggregability in healthy subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Otahbachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Miller BG, Stamatoyannopoulos JA. Integrative meta-analysis of differential gene expression in acute myeloid leukemia. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9466. [PMID: 20209125 PMCID: PMC2830886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with an overall poor prognosis. Gene expression profiling studies of patients with AML has provided key insights into disease pathogenesis while exposing potential diagnostic and prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. A systematic comparison of the large body of gene expression profiling studies in AML has the potential to test the extensibility of conclusions based on single studies and provide further insights into AML. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we systematically compared 25 published reports of gene expression profiling in AML. There were a total of 4,918 reported genes of which one third were reported in more than one study. We found that only a minority of reported prognostically-associated genes (9.6%) were replicated in at least one other study. In a combined analysis, we comprehensively identified both gene sets and functional gene categories and pathways that exhibited significant differential regulation in distinct prognostic categories, including many previously unreported associations. Conclusions/Significance We developed a novel approach for granular, cross-study analysis of gene-by-gene data and their relationships with established prognostic features and patient outcome. We identified many robust novel prognostic molecular features in AML that were undetected in prior studies, and which provide insights into AML pathogenesis with potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. Our database and integrative analysis are available online (http://gat.stamlab.org).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brady G. Miller
- Department of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - John A. Stamatoyannopoulos
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bigler J, Sibert JG, Poole EM, Carlson CS, Potter JD, Ulrich CM. Polymorphisms predicted to alter function in prostaglandin E2 synthase and prostaglandin E2 receptors. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2007; 17:221-7. [PMID: 17460551 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e3280119d50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Prostaglandin synthesis is the primary target of aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and thus is a pathway of major interest to pharmacology, pharmacogenetics, and epidemiology. Several lines of evidence implicate prostaglandin E2 in carcinogenesis; this study aimed to identify genetic variants in genes related to prostaglandin E2 synthesis and signaling. METHODS We resequenced the coding regions of human prostaglandin E2 synthase (PGES), and prostaglandin E2 receptors EP1, EP2, and EP4 in 48 African-Americans and 47 Caucasians. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We identified 23 variants, 6 of which cause amino acid changes. The non-synonymous polymorphisms in PGES, EP1, and EP2 were present only among African-Americans; both populations carried non-synonymous polymorphisms in EP4. We used two sequence homology-based programs, SIFT and PolyPhen, to predict the impact of these polymorphisms. These programs predicted that the amino-acid changes p.Phe119Val in EP1, p.Ala44Glu in EP2, and possibly p.Val7Glu in PGES, p.Thr176Ile in EP4 and p.Gly420Asp in EP4 are likely to affect protein function. Thus, these variants may be relevant for inflammatory conditions, carcinogenesis, and pharmacogenetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Bigler
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109-1024, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ulrich CM, Bigler J, Potter JD. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for cancer prevention: promise, perils and pharmacogenetics. Nat Rev Cancer 2006; 6:130-40. [PMID: 16491072 DOI: 10.1038/nrc1801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) show indisputable promise as chemopreventive agents. Possible targets include cancers of the colon, stomach, breast and lung. However, recent studies raise concern about potential cardiovascular toxicity associated with the use of NSAIDs that specifically target the enzyme cyclooxygenase 2. These findings, and others that show that inherited genetic characteristics might determine preventive success, argue for new strategies that are tailored to individual medical history and genetic make-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia M Ulrich
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|