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Shadab M, Abbasi AA, Ejaz A, Ben-Mahmoud A, Gupta V, Kim HG, Vona B. Autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss genes in Pakistan during the previous three decades. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18119. [PMID: 38534090 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder, with over 148 genes and 170 loci associated with its pathogenesis. The spectrum and frequency of causal variants vary across different genetic ancestries and are more prevalent in populations that practice consanguineous marriages. Pakistan has a rich history of autosomal recessive gene discovery related to non-syndromic hearing loss. Since the first linkage analysis with a Pakistani family that led to the mapping of the DFNB1 locus on chromosome 13, 51 genes associated with this disorder have been identified in this population. Among these, 13 of the most prevalent genes, namely CDH23, CIB2, CLDN14, GJB2, HGF, MARVELD2, MYO7A, MYO15A, MSRB3, OTOF, SLC26A4, TMC1 and TMPRSS3, account for more than half of all cases of profound hearing loss, while the prevalence of other genes is less than 2% individually. In this review, we discuss the most common autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss genes in Pakistani individuals as well as the genetic mapping and sequencing approaches used to discover them. Furthermore, we identified enriched gene ontology terms and common pathways involved in these 51 autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss genes to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Establishing a molecular understanding of the disorder may aid in reducing its future prevalence by enabling timely diagnostics and genetic counselling, leading to more effective clinical management and treatments of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Shadab
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Ahmed Abbasi
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Ejaz
- Department of Physics, University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli, Pakistan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Afif Ben-Mahmoud
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vijay Gupta
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and Inner Ear Lab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Joo SY, Na G, Kim JA, Yoo JE, Kim DH, Kim SJ, Jang SH, Yu S, Kim HY, Choi JY, Gee HY, Jung J. Clinical Heterogeneity Associated with MYO7A Variants Relies on Affected Domains. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040798. [PMID: 35453549 PMCID: PMC9028242 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant hearing loss (ADHL) manifests as an adult-onset disease or a progressive disease. MYO7A variants are associated with DFNA11, a subtype of ADHL. Here, we examined the role and genotype–phenotype correlation of MYO7A in ADHL. Enrolled families suspected of having post-lingual sensorineural hearing loss were selected for exome sequencing. Mutational alleles in MYO7A were identified according to ACMG guidelines. Segregation analysis was performed to examine whether pathogenic variants segregated with affected status of families. All identified pathogenic variants were evaluated for a phenotype–genotype correlation. MYO7A variants were detected in 4.7% of post-lingual families, and 12 of 14 families were multiplex. Five potentially pathogenic missense variants were identified. Fourteen variants causing autosomal dominant deafness were clustered in motor and MyTH4 domains of MYO7A protein. Missense variants in the motor domain caused late onset of hearing loss with ascending tendency. A severe audiological phenotype was apparent in individuals carrying tail domain variants. We report two new pathogenic variants responsible for DFNA11 in the Korean ADHL population. Dominant pathogenic variants of MYO7A occur frequently in motor and MyTH4 domains. Audiological differences among individuals correspond to specific domains which contain the variants. Therefore, appropriate rehabilitation is needed, particularly for patients with late-onset familial hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Joo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (J.A.K.); (S.J.K.); (S.H.J.); (S.Y.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Gina Na
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang 10380, Korea;
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (D.H.K.); (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jung Ah Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (J.A.K.); (S.J.K.); (S.H.J.); (S.Y.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Jee Eun Yoo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (D.H.K.); (J.Y.C.)
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (D.H.K.); (J.Y.C.)
| | - Se Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (J.A.K.); (S.J.K.); (S.H.J.); (S.Y.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Seung Hyun Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (J.A.K.); (S.J.K.); (S.H.J.); (S.Y.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Seyoung Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (J.A.K.); (S.J.K.); (S.H.J.); (S.Y.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Hye-Youn Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (J.A.K.); (S.J.K.); (S.H.J.); (S.Y.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Jae Young Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (D.H.K.); (J.Y.C.)
| | - Heon Yung Gee
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (J.A.K.); (S.J.K.); (S.H.J.); (S.Y.); (H.-Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.Y.G.); (J.J.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-0755 (H.Y.G.); +82-2228-3622 (J.J.)
| | - Jinsei Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (D.H.K.); (J.Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.Y.G.); (J.J.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-0755 (H.Y.G.); +82-2228-3622 (J.J.)
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Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common genetic condition responsible for combined loss of hearing and vision. Balance disorders and bilateral vestibular areflexia are also observed in some cases. The syndrome was first described by Albrecht von Graefe in 1858, but later named by Charles Usher, who presented a large number of cases with hearing loss and retinopathy in 1914. USH has been grouped into three main clinical types: 1, 2, and 3, which are caused by mutations in different genes and are further divided into different subtypes. To date, nine causative genes have been identified and confirmed as responsible for the syndrome when mutated: MYO7A, USH1C, CDH23, PCDH15, and USH1G (SANS) for Usher type 1; USH2A, ADGRV1, and WHRN for Usher type 2; CLRN1 for Usher type 3. USH is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Digenic, bi-allelic, and polygenic forms have also been reported, in addition to dominant or nonsyndromic forms of genetic mutations. This narrative review reports the causative forms, diagnosis, prognosis, epidemiology, rehabilitation, research, and new treatments of USH.
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Galbis‐Martínez L, Blanco‐Kelly F, García‐García G, Ávila‐Fernández A, Jaijo T, Fuster‐García C, Perea‐Romero I, Zurita‐Muñoz O, Jimenez‐Rolando B, Carreño E, García‐Sandoval B, Millán JM, Ayuso C. Genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with Usher syndrome and pathogenic variants in MYO7A: implications for future clinical trials. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:922-930. [PMID: 33576163 PMCID: PMC9540557 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to establish correlations between the clinical features of a cohort of Usher syndrome (USH) patients with pathogenic variants in MYO7A, type of pathogenic variant, and location on the protein domain. Methods Sixty‐two USH patients from 46 families with biallelic variants in MYO7A were examined for visual and audiological features. Participants were evaluated based on self‐reported ophthalmological history and ophthalmological investigations (computerized visual field testing, best‐corrected visual acuity, and ophthalmoscopic and electrophysiological examination). Optical coherence tomography and fundus autofluorescence imaging were performed when possible. Auditory and vestibular functions were evaluated. Patients were classified according to the type of variant and the protein domain where the variants were located. Results Most patients displayed a typical USH1 phenotype, that is, prelingual severe‐profound sensorineural hearing loss, prepubertal retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and vestibular dysfunction. No statistically significant differences were observed for the variables analysed except for the onset of hearing loss due to the existence of two USH2 cases, defined as postlingual sensorineural hearing loss, postpubertal onset of RP, and absence of vestibular dysfunction, and one atypical case of USH. Conclusion We were unable to find a correlation between genotype and phenotype for MYO7A. However, our findings could prove useful for the assessment of efficacy in clinical trials, since the type of MYO7A variant does not seem to change the onset, severity or course of visual disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilián Galbis‐Martínez
- Department of Genetics University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz IIS‐FJD UAM Madrid Spain
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
| | - Fiona Blanco‐Kelly
- Department of Genetics University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz IIS‐FJD UAM Madrid Spain
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
| | - Gema García‐García
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
- Unit of Genetics University Hospital La Fe – IIS La Fe Valencia Spain
- Joint Unit for Rare Diseases IIS La Fe‐CIPF Valencia Spain
| | - Almudena Ávila‐Fernández
- Department of Genetics University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz IIS‐FJD UAM Madrid Spain
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
| | - Teresa Jaijo
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
- Unit of Genetics University Hospital La Fe – IIS La Fe Valencia Spain
- Joint Unit for Rare Diseases IIS La Fe‐CIPF Valencia Spain
| | - Carla Fuster‐García
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
- Unit of Genetics University Hospital La Fe – IIS La Fe Valencia Spain
- Joint Unit for Rare Diseases IIS La Fe‐CIPF Valencia Spain
| | - Irene Perea‐Romero
- Department of Genetics University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz IIS‐FJD UAM Madrid Spain
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
| | - Olga Zurita‐Muñoz
- Department of Genetics University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz IIS‐FJD UAM Madrid Spain
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
| | - Belén Jimenez‐Rolando
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz IIS‐FJD UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Ester Carreño
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz IIS‐FJD UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Blanca García‐Sandoval
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz IIS‐FJD UAM Madrid Spain
| | - José M. Millán
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
- Unit of Genetics University Hospital La Fe – IIS La Fe Valencia Spain
- Joint Unit for Rare Diseases IIS La Fe‐CIPF Valencia Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Department of Genetics University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz IIS‐FJD UAM Madrid Spain
- CIBERER ISCIII Madrid Spain
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Roman-Naranjo P, Moleon MDC, Aran I, Escalera-Balsera A, Soto-Varela A, Bächinger D, Gomez-Fiñana M, Eckhard AH, Lopez-Escamez JA. Rare coding variants involving MYO7A and other genes encoding stereocilia link proteins in familial meniere disease. Hear Res 2021; 409:108329. [PMID: 34391192 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2021.108329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The MYO7A gene encodes a motor protein with a key role in the organization of stereocilia in auditory and vestibular hair cells. Rare variants in the MYO7A (myosin VIIA) gene may cause autosomal dominant (AD) or autosomal recessive (AR) sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) accompanied by vestibular dysfunction or retinitis pigmentosa (Usher syndrome type 1B). Familial Meniere's disease (MD) is a rare inner ear syndrome mainly characterized by low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss and episodic vertigo associated with tinnitus. Familial aggregation has been found in 6-8% of sporadic cases, and most of the reported genes were involved in single families. Thus, this study aimed to search for relevant genes not previously linked to familial MD. Through exome sequencing and segregation analysis in 62 MD families, we have found a total of 1 novel and 8 rare heterozygous variants in the MYO7A gene in 9 non-related families. Carriers of rare variants in MYO7A showed autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive SNHL in familial MD. Additionally, some novel and rare variants in other genes involved in the organization of the stereocilia links such as CDH23, PCDH15 or ADGRV1 co-segregated in the same patients. Our findings reveal a co-segregation of rare variants in the MYO7A gene and other structural myosin VIIA binding proteins involved in the tip and ankle links of the hair cell stereocilia. We suggest that recessive digenic inheritance involving these genes could affect the ultrastructure of the stereocilia links in familial MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Roman-Naranjo
- Otology & Neurotology Group CTS 495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica, GENYO, Granada, Spain
| | - M D C Moleon
- Otology & Neurotology Group CTS 495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica, GENYO, Granada, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - I Aran
- Department of Otolaryngology, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - A Escalera-Balsera
- Otology & Neurotology Group CTS 495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica, GENYO, Granada, Spain
| | - A Soto-Varela
- Division of Otoneurology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D Bächinger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Gomez-Fiñana
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, Almeria, Spain
| | - A H Eckhard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J A Lopez-Escamez
- Otology & Neurotology Group CTS 495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica, GENYO, Granada, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Unraveling the genetic complexities of combined retinal dystrophy and hearing impairment. Hum Genet 2021; 141:785-803. [PMID: 34148116 PMCID: PMC9035000 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Usher syndrome, the most prevalent cause of combined hereditary vision and hearing impairment, is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Moreover, several conditions with phenotypes overlapping Usher syndrome have been described. This makes the molecular diagnosis of hereditary deaf–blindness challenging. Here, we performed exome sequencing and analysis on 7 Mexican and 52 Iranian probands with combined retinal degeneration and hearing impairment (without intellectual disability). Clinical assessment involved ophthalmological examination and hearing loss questionnaire. Usher syndrome, most frequently due to biallelic variants in MYO7A (USH1B in 16 probands), USH2A (17 probands), and ADGRV1 (USH2C in 7 probands), was diagnosed in 44 of 59 (75%) unrelated probands. Almost half of the identified variants were novel. Nine of 59 (15%) probands displayed other genetic entities with dual sensory impairment, including Alström syndrome (3 patients), cone-rod dystrophy and hearing loss 1 (2 probands), and Heimler syndrome (1 patient). Unexpected findings included one proband each with Scheie syndrome, coenzyme Q10 deficiency, and pseudoxanthoma elasticum. In four probands, including three Usher cases, dual sensory impairment was either modified/aggravated or caused by variants in distinct genes associated with retinal degeneration and/or hearing loss. The overall diagnostic yield of whole exome analysis in our deaf–blind cohort was 92%. Two (3%) probands were partially solved and only 3 (5%) remained without any molecular diagnosis. In many cases, the molecular diagnosis is important to guide genetic counseling, to support prognostic outcomes and decisions with currently available and evolving treatment modalities.
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Spectrum of MYO7A Mutations in an Indigenous South African Population Further Elucidates the Nonsyndromic Autosomal Recessive Phenotype of DFNB2 to Include Both Homozygous and Compound Heterozygous Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020274. [PMID: 33671976 PMCID: PMC7919343 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MYO7A gene encodes unconventional myosin VIIA, which, when mutated, causes a phenotypic spectrum ranging from recessive hearing loss DFNB2 to deaf-blindness, Usher Type 1B (USH1B). MYO7A mutations are reported in nine DFNB2 families to date, none from sub-Saharan Africa.In DNA, from a cohort of 94 individuals representing 92 families from the Limpopo province of South Africa, eight MYO7A variations were detected among 10 individuals. Family studies identified homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations in 17 individuals out of 32 available family members. Four mutations were novel, p.Gly329Asp, p.Arg373His, p.Tyr1780Ser, and p.Pro2126Leufs*5. Two variations, p.Ser617Pro and p.Thr381Met, previously listed as of uncertain significance (ClinVar), were confirmed to be pathogenic. The identified mutations are predicted to interfere with the conformational properties of myosin VIIA through interruption or abrogation of multiple interactions between the mutant and neighbouring residues. Specifically, p.Pro2126Leufs*5, is predicted to abolish the critical site for the interactions between the tail and the motor domain essential for the autoregulation, leaving a non-functional, unregulated protein that causes hearing loss. We have identified MYO7A as a possible key deafness gene among indigenous sub-Saharan Africans. The spectrum of MYO7A mutations in this South African population points to DFNB2 as a specific entity that may occur in a homozygous or in a compound heterozygous state.
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Genetic Spectrum of Syndromic and Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss in Pakistani Families. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111329. [PMID: 33187236 PMCID: PMC7709052 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The current molecular genetic diagnostic rates for hereditary hearing loss (HL) vary considerably according to the population background. Pakistan and other countries with high rates of consanguineous marriages have served as a unique resource for studying rare and novel forms of recessive HL. A combined exome sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, and gene mapping approach for 21 consanguineous Pakistani families revealed 13 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the genes GJB2, MYO7A, FGF3, CDC14A, SLITRK6, CDH23, and MYO15A, with an overall resolve rate of 61.9%. GJB2 and MYO7A were the most frequently involved genes in this cohort. All the identified variants were either homozygous or compound heterozygous, with two of them not previously described in the literature (15.4%). Overall, seven missense variants (53.8%), three nonsense variants (23.1%), two frameshift variants (15.4%), and one splice-site variant (7.7%) were observed. Syndromic HL was identified in five (23.8%) of the 21 families studied. This study reflects the extreme genetic heterogeneity observed in HL and expands the spectrum of variants in deafness-associated genes.
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French LS, Mellough CB, Chen FK, Carvalho LS. A Review of Gene, Drug and Cell-Based Therapies for Usher Syndrome. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:183. [PMID: 32733204 PMCID: PMC7363968 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome is a genetic disorder causing neurosensory hearing loss and blindness from retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Adaptive techniques such as braille, digital and optical magnifiers, mobility training, cochlear implants, or other assistive listening devices are indispensable for reducing disability. However, there is currently no treatment to reduce or arrest sensory cell degeneration. There are several classes of treatments for Usher syndrome being investigated. The present article reviews the progress this research has made towards delivering commercial options for patients with Usher syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy S French
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Carla B Mellough
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Fred K Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Livia S Carvalho
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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Nolen RM, Hufnagel RB, Friedman TB, Turriff AE, Brewer CC, Zalewski CK, King KA, Wafa TT, Griffith AJ, Brooks BP, Zein WM. Atypical and ultra-rare Usher syndrome: a review. Ophthalmic Genet 2020; 41:401-412. [PMID: 32372680 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2020.1747090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Usher syndrome has classically been described as a combination of hearing loss and rod-cone dystrophy; vestibular dysfunction is present in many patients. Three distinct clinical subtypes were documented in the late 1970s. Genotyping efforts have led to the identification of several genes associated with the disease. Recent literature has seen multiple publications referring to "atypical" Usher syndrome presentations. This manuscript reviews the molecular etiology of Usher syndrome, highlighting rare presentations and molecular causes. Reports of "atypical" disease are summarized noting the wide discrepancy in the spectrum of phenotypic deviations from the classical presentation. Guidelines for establishing a clear nomenclature system are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie M Nolen
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert B Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy E Turriff
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carmen C Brewer
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher K Zalewski
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kelly A King
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Talah T Wafa
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew J Griffith
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian P Brooks
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
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Mehregan H, Mohseni M, Jalalvand K, Arzhangi S, Nikzat N, Banihashemi S, Kahrizi K, Najmabadi H. Novel mutations in MYTH4-FERM domains of myosin 15 are associated with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 117:115-126. [PMID: 30579064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hereditary hearing loss is the most common neurosensory disorder in humans caused by myriad mutations in numerous genes. Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) accounts for 80% of hearing impairments of genetic origin and is quite prevalent in societies with a high rate of consanguinity. In the current study, we investigated the causes of sensorineural hearing loss in 24 unrelated Iranian families who were mainly consanguineous and had at least two affected children. METHODS All probands were initially screened for GJB2 mutations, as the most common causes of ARNSHL in Iran. Verified GJB2-negative samples were subsequently subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify the underlying causes of hearing impairment, and the variants identified in each family were further confirmed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS WES revealed three previously unreported mutations in MYO15A, the gene encoding the unconventional myosin 15 (Myo15). All variants identified, c.C6436T (p.R2146W), c.C9584G (p.P3195R) and c.G10266C (p.Q3422H), reside in the MYTH4 (myosin tail homology) and FERM (4.1 ezrin, radixin, moesin) domains of the protein. CONCLUSION Globally, mutations in MYO15A are considered to be among the most prevalent genetic causes of ARNSHL, and they rank as the third leading cause of hearing loss in the Iranian population, below GJB2 and SLC26A4. Yet again, these results endorse the importance of MYO15 screening in hearing impaired populations, particularly in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Mehregan
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mohseni
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Jalalvand
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Arzhangi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Nikzat
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sussan Banihashemi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Richard EM, Santos-Cortez RLP, Faridi R, Rehman AU, Lee K, Shahzad M, Acharya A, Khan AA, Imtiaz A, Chakchouk I, Takla C, Abbe I, Rafeeq M, Liaqat K, Chaudhry T, Bamshad MJ, Nickerson DA, Schrauwen I, Khan SN, Morell RJ, Zafar S, Ansar M, Ahmed ZM, Ahmad W, Riazuddin S, Friedman TB, Leal SM, Riazuddin S. Global genetic insight contributed by consanguineous Pakistani families segregating hearing loss. Hum Mutat 2018; 40:53-72. [PMID: 30303587 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Consanguineous Pakistani pedigrees segregating deafness have contributed decisively to the discovery of 31 of the 68 genes associated with nonsyndromic autosomal recessive hearing loss (HL) worldwide. In this study, we utilized genome-wide genotyping, Sanger and exome sequencing to identify 163 DNA variants in 41 previously reported HL genes segregating in 321 Pakistani families. Of these, 70 (42.9%) variants identified in 29 genes are novel. As expected from genetic studies of disorders segregating in consanguineous families, the majority of affected individuals (94.4%) are homozygous for HL-associated variants, with the other variants being compound heterozygotes. The five most common HL genes in the Pakistani population are SLC26A4, MYO7A, GJB2, CIB2 and HGF, respectively. Our study provides a profile of the genetic etiology of HL in Pakistani families, which will allow for the development of more efficient genetic diagnostic tools, aid in accurate genetic counseling, and guide application of future gene-based therapies. These findings are also valuable in interpreting pathogenicity of variants that are potentially associated with HL in individuals of all ancestries. The Pakistani population, and its infrastructure for studying human genetics, will continue to be valuable to gene discovery for HL and other inherited disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie M Richard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Regie Lyn P Santos-Cortez
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rabia Faridi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,National Center for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Atteeq U Rehman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kwanghyuk Lee
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mohsin Shahzad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.,Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anushree Acharya
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Asma A Khan
- National Center for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Imtiaz
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Imen Chakchouk
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Christina Takla
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Izoduwa Abbe
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Maria Rafeeq
- National Center for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khurram Liaqat
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Taimur Chaudhry
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Isabelle Schrauwen
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Shaheen N Khan
- National Center for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Robert J Morell
- The Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Saba Zafar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Suzanne M Leal
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.,Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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13
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Utility of whole exome sequencing in the diagnosis of Usher syndrome: Report of novel compound heterozygous MYO7A mutations. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 108:17-21. [PMID: 29605349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Next generation sequencing (NGS), such as targeted panel sequencing, whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing has led to an exponential increase of elucidated genetic causes in both rare diseases, and common but heterogeneous disorders. NGS is applied in both research and clinical settings, and the clinical exome sequencing (CES), which provides not only the sequence variation data but also clinical interpretation, aids in reaching a final conclusion with regards to a genetic diagnosis. Usher syndrome is a group of disorders, characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, with or without vestibular dysfunction and retinitis pigmentosa. The index patient, a 2-year-old child was initially diagnosed with nonsyndromic hearing impairment. Homozygosity mapping followed by CES was utilized as a diagnostic tool to identify the genetic basis of his hearing loss. A paternally inherited novel insertion, c.198_199insA (p.Val67Serfs*73) and a maternally inherited novel deletion, c.1219_1226del (p.Phe407Aspfs*33) in gene MYO7A were found in compound heterozygous state in the index patient. The result expands the mutational spectrum of MYO7A. In addition it helped in early diagnosis of the syndrome, for planning and adjustments for the patient, and as well as for future family planning. This study highlights the clinical effectiveness of CES for Usher syndrome diagnosis in a child presented with congenital hearing loss.
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14
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Mittal R, Patel AP, Nguyen D, Pan DR, Jhaveri VM, Rudman JR, Dharmaraja A, Yan D, Feng Y, Chapagain P, Lee DJ, Blanton SH, Liu XZ. Genetic basis of hearing loss in Spanish, Hispanic and Latino populations. Gene 2018; 647:297-305. [PMID: 29331482 PMCID: PMC5806531 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is the most common neurosensory disorder affecting humans. The screening, prevention and treatment of HL require a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Genetic predisposition is one of the most common factors that leads to HL. Most HL studies include few Spanish, Hispanic and Latino participants, leaving a critical gap in our understanding about the prevalence, impact, unmet health care needs, and genetic factors associated with hearing impairment among Spanish, Hispanic and Latino populations. The few studies which have been performed show that the gene variants commonly associated with HL in non-Spanish and non-Hispanic populations are infrequently responsible for hearing impairment in Spanish as well as Hispanic and Latino populations (hereafter referred to as Hispanic). To design effective screening tools to detect HL in Spanish and Hispanic populations, studies must be conducted to determine the gene variants that are most commonly associated with hearing impairment in this racial/ethnic group. In this review article, we summarize gene variants and loci associated with HL in Spanish and Hispanic populations. Identifying new genetic variants associated with HL in Spanish and Hispanic populations will pave the way to develop effective screening tools and therapeutic strategies for HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Amit P Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Desiree Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Debbie R Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Vasanti M Jhaveri
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jason R Rudman
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Arjuna Dharmaraja
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Denise Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Prem Chapagain
- Department of Physics and Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - David J Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Susan H Blanton
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xue Zhong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 10084, China; Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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15
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Targeted next generation sequencing identified a novel mutation in MYO7A causing Usher syndrome type 1 in an Iranian consanguineous pedigree. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 104:10-13. [PMID: 29287847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Usher syndrome (USH) is characterized by congenital hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with a later onset. It is an autosomal recessive trait with clinical and genetic heterogeneity which makes the molecular diagnosis much difficult. In this study, we introduce a pedigree with two affected members with USH type 1 and represent a cost and time effective approach for genetic diagnosis of USH as a genetically heterogeneous disorder. METHODS Target region capture in the genes of interest, followed by next generation sequencing (NGS) was used to determine the causative mutations in one of the probands. Then segregation analysis in the pedigree was conducted using PCR-Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Targeted NGS detected a novel homozygous nonsense variant c.4513G > T (p.Glu1505Ter) in MYO7A. The variant is segregating in the pedigree with an autosomal recessive pattern. CONCLUSION In this study, a novel stop gained variant c.4513G > T (p.Glu1505Ter) in MYO7A was found in an Iranian pedigree with two affected members with USH type 1. Bioinformatic as well as pedigree segregation analyses were in line with pathogenic nature of this variant. Targeted NGS panel was showed to be an efficient method for mutation detection in hereditary disorders with locus heterogeneity.
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16
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Cheng L, Yu H, Jiang Y, He J, Pu S, Li X, Zhang L. Identification of a novel MYO7A mutation in Usher syndrome type 1. Oncotarget 2017; 9:2295-2303. [PMID: 29416772 PMCID: PMC5788640 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by deafness and retinitis pigmentosa. In view of the high phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity in USH, performing genetic screening with traditional methods is impractical. In the present study, we carried out targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) to uncover the underlying gene in an USH family (2 USH patients and 15 unaffected relatives). One hundred and thirty-five genes associated with inherited retinal degeneration were selected for deep exome sequencing. Subsequently, variant analysis, Sanger validation and segregation tests were utilized to identify the disease-causing mutations in this family. All affected individuals had a classic USH type I (USH1) phenotype which included deafness, vestibular dysfunction and retinitis pigmentosa. Targeted NGS and Sanger sequencing validation suggested that USH1 patients carried an unreported splice site mutation, c.5168+1G>A, as a compound heterozygous mutation with c.6070C>T (p.R2024X) in the MYO7A gene. A functional study revealed decreased expression of the MYO7A gene in the individuals carrying heterozygous mutations. In conclusion, targeted next-generation sequencing provided a comprehensive and efficient diagnosis for USH1. This study revealed the genetic defects in the MYO7A gene and expanded the spectrum of clinical phenotypes associated with USH1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Hongsong Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Yan Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Juan He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Sisi Pu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
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17
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Qu C, Liang F, Long Q, Zhao M, Shang H, Fan L, Wang L, Foster J, Yan D, Liu X. Genetic screening revealed usher syndrome in a paediatric Chinese patient. HEARING BALANCE AND COMMUNICATION 2017; 15:98-106. [PMID: 30800556 DOI: 10.1080/21695717.2017.1321217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Usher syndrome is the most common cause of hereditary deaf-blindness. Three clinical subtypes have been classified. Usher syndrome type I is the most severe subtype characterized by congenital severe-to-profound hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa and vestibular dysfunction. Methods One family was analyzed and the analysis included the combination of a custom capture/next-generation sequencing panel of 180 known deafness gene, Sanger sequencing and bioinformatics approaches. Results Compound heterozygous mutations in the MYO7A gene: a known missense mutation c.494C>T (p.Thr165Met) and a novel missense mutation c.6113G>A (p.Gly2038Glu) were identified in a proband. This Chinese hearing-impaired child was misdiagnosed as non-syndromic hearing loss which was later changed to the diagnosis of Usher syndrome type I after comprehensive audiometric, vestibular and ophthalmological examinations at 9 years old. Conclusions Due to the features of genetic heterogeneity and variation in clinical manifestation, molecular diagnosis and ophthalmological examinations by skilled ophthalmologists with knowledge of Usher syndrome should be suggested as a routine assessment which may improve the accuracy and reliability of etiological diagnosis for hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Qu
- China Rehabilitation and Research Center for Deaf Children, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fenghe Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qin Long
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Min Zhao
- China Rehabilitation and Research Center for Deaf Children, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haiqiong Shang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Lynn Fan
- BSc, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Joseph Foster
- Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Denise Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, FL 33136, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.,Dr. John T. Macdonald Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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18
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Guzmán HO, Palacios AM, De Almada MI, Utrera RA. A novel homozygous MYO7A mutation involved in a Venezuelan population with high frequency of USHER1B. Ophthalmic Genet 2016; 37:328-30. [DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2015.1071410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Horbelys O. Guzmán
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Laboratorio de Genética Molecular Humana, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Aura M. Palacios
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - María I. De Almada
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - René A. Utrera
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Laboratorio de Genética Molecular Humana, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, Venezuela
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19
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Khan KN, Chana R, Ali N, Wright G, Webster AR, Moore AT, Michaelides M. Advanced diagnostic genetic testing in inherited retinal disease: experience from a single tertiary referral centre in the UK National Health Service. Clin Genet 2016; 91:38-45. [PMID: 27160483 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In 2013, as part of our genetic investigation of patients with inherited retinal disease, we utilized multigene panel testing of 105 genes known to cause retinal disease in our patient cohorts. This test was performed in a UK National Health Service (NHS) accredited laboratory. The results of all multigene panel tests requested between 1.4.13 and 31.8.14 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had been previously seen at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK and diagnosed with an inherited retinal dystrophy after clinical examination and detailed retinal imaging. The results were categorized into three groups: (i) Testing helped establish a certain molecular diagnosis in 45 out of 115 (39%). Variants in USH2A (n = 6) and RP1 (n = 4) were most common. (ii) Definitive conclusions could not be drawn from molecular testing alone in 13 out of 115 (11%) as either insufficient pathogenic variants were discovered or those identified were not consistent with the phenotype. (iii) Testing did not identify any pathogenic variants responsible for the phenotype in 57 out of 115 (50%). Multigene panel testing performed in an NHS setting has enabled a molecular diagnosis to be confidently made in 40% of cases. Novel variants accounted for 38% of all identified variants. Detailed retinal phenotyping helped the interpretation of specific variants. Additional care needs to be taken when assessing polymorphisms in genes that have been infrequently associated with disease, as historical techniques were not as rigorous as contemporary ones. Future iterations of sequencing are likely to offer higher sensitivity, testing a broader range of genes, more rapidly and at a reduced cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Khan
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.,UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - R Chana
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.,UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - N Ali
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - G Wright
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.,UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - A R Webster
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.,UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - A T Moore
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.,UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - M Michaelides
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.,UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
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20
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Tang ZH, Chen JR, Zheng J, Shi HS, Ding J, Qian XD, Zhang C, Chen JL, Wang CC, Li L, Chen JZ, Yin SK, Huang TS, Chen P, Guan MX, Wang JF. Genetic Correction of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From a Deaf Patient With MYO7A Mutation Results in Morphologic and Functional Recovery of the Derived Hair Cell-Like Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:561-71. [PMID: 27013738 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The genetic correction of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) induced from somatic cells of patients with sensorineural hearing loss (caused by hereditary factors) is a promising method for its treatment. The correction of gene mutations in iPSCs could restore the normal function of cells and provide a rich source of cells for transplantation. In the present study, iPSCs were generated from a deaf patient with compound heterozygous MYO7A mutations (c.1184G>A and c.4118C>T; P-iPSCs), the asymptomatic father of the patient (MYO7A c.1184G>A mutation; CF-iPSCs), and a normal donor (MYO7A(WT/WT); C-iPSCs). One of MYO7A mutation sites (c.4118C>T) in the P-iPSCs was corrected using CRISPR/Cas9. The corrected iPSCs (CP-iPSCs) retained cell pluripotency and normal karyotypes. Hair cell-like cells induced from CP-iPSCs showed restored organization of stereocilia-like protrusions; moreover, the electrophysiological function of these cells was similar to that of cells induced from C-iPSCs and CF-iPSCs. These results might facilitate the development of iPSC-based gene therapy for genetic disorders. SIGNIFICANCE Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from a deaf patient with compound heterozygous MYO7A mutations (c.1184G>A and c.4118C>T). One of the MYO7A mutation sites (c.4118C>T) in the iPSCs was corrected using CRISPR/Cas9. The genetic correction of MYO7A mutation resulted in morphologic and functional recovery of hair cell-like cells derived from iPSCs. These findings confirm the hypothesis that MYO7A plays an important role in the assembly of stereocilia into stereociliary bundles. Thus, the present study might provide further insight into the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss and facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies against monogenic disease through the genetic repair of patient-specific iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hua Tang
- Institute of Cell and Development, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Rong Chen
- Institute of Cell and Development, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Institute of Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Song Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ding
- Institute of Cell and Development, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dan Qian
- The Affiliated Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Institute of Cell and Development, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ling Chen
- Institute of Cell and Development, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Cui Wang
- Institute of Cell and Development, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Cell and Development, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Zhen Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Wenling People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Kai Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao-Sheng Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ping Chen
- Departments of Cell Biology and Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- Institute of Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Fu Wang
- Institute of Cell and Development, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Gao X, Wang GJ, Yuan YY, Xin F, Han MY, Lu JQ, Zhao H, Yu F, Xu JC, Zhang MG, Dong J, Lin X, Dai P. Novel compound heterozygous mutations in MYO7A Associated with Usher syndrome 1 in a Chinese family. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103415. [PMID: 25080338 PMCID: PMC4117490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, age-dependent retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and occasionally vestibular dysfunction. The most severe form is Usher syndrome type 1 (USH1). Mutations in the MYO7A gene are responsible for USH1 and account for 29–55% of USH1 cases. Here, we characterized a Chinese family (no. 7162) with USH1. Combining the targeted capture of 131 known deafness genes, next-generation sequencing, and bioinformatic analysis, we identified two deleterious compound heterozygous mutations in the MYO7A gene: a reported missense mutation c.73G>A (p.G25R) and a novel nonsense mutation c.462C>A (p.C154X). The two compound variants are absent in 219 ethnicity-matched controls, co-segregates with the USH clinical phenotypes, including hearing loss, vestibular dysfunction, and age-dependent penetrance of progressive RP, in family 7162. Therefore, we concluded that the USH1 in this family was caused by compound heterozygous mutations in MYO7A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, P. R. China
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Artillery General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Jian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Yi Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yu Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Qiao Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, P. R. China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Cao Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Artillery General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Guang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Artillery General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Dong
- Xi’an Research Institute of Hi_tech, Hongqing, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PD); (XL)
| | - Pu Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (PD); (XL)
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Novel and recurrent MYO7A mutations in Usher syndrome type 1 and type 2. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97808. [PMID: 24831256 PMCID: PMC4022727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is a group of disorders manifested as retinitis pigmentosa and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, with or without vestibular dysfunction. Here, we recruited three Chinese families affected with autosomal recessive USH for detailed clinical evaluations and for mutation screening in the genes associated with inherited retinal diseases. Using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach, three new alleles and one known mutation in MYO7A gene were identified in the three families. In two families with USH type 1, novel homozygous frameshift variant p.Pro194Hisfs*13 and recurrent missense variant p.Thr165Met were demonstrated as the causative mutations respectively. Crystal structural analysis denoted that p.Thr165Met would very likely change the tertiary structure of the protein encoded by MYO7A. In another family affected with USH type 2, novel biallelic mutations in MYO7A, c.[1343+1G>A];[2837T>G] or p.[?];[Met946Arg], were identified with clinical significance. Because MYO7A, to our knowledge, has rarely been correlated with USH type 2, our findings therefore reveal distinguished clinical phenotypes associated with MYO7A. We also conclude that targeted NGS is an effective approach for genetic diagnosis for USH, which can further provide better understanding of genotype-phenotype relationship of the disease.
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Aparisi MJ, García-García G, Aller E, Sequedo MD, Martínez-Fernández de la Cámara C, Rodrigo R, Armengot M, Cortijo J, Milara J, Díaz-LLopis M, Jaijo T, Millán JM. Study of USH1 splicing variants through minigenes and transcript analysis from nasal epithelial cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57506. [PMID: 23451239 PMCID: PMC3581446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome type I (USH1) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital profound deafness, vestibular areflexia and prepubertal retinitis pigmentosa. The first purpose of this study was to determine the pathologic nature of eighteen USH1 putative splicing variants found in our series and their effect in the splicing process by minigene assays. These variants were selected according to bioinformatic analysis. The second aim was to analyze the USH1 transcripts, obtained from nasal epithelial cells samples of our patients, in order to corroborate the observed effect of mutations by minigenes in patient’s tissues. The last objective was to evaluate the nasal ciliary beat frequency in patients with USH1 and compare it with control subjects. In silico analysis were performed using four bioinformatic programs: NNSplice, Human Splicing Finder, NetGene2 and Spliceview. Afterward, minigenes based on the pSPL3 vector were used to investigate the implication of selected changes in the mRNA processing. To observe the effect of mutations in the patient’s tissues, RNA was extracted from nasal epithelial cells and RT-PCR analyses were performed. Four MYO7A (c.470G>A, c.1342_1343delAG, c.5856G>A and c.3652G>A), three CDH23 (c.2289+1G>A, c.6049G>A and c.8722+1delG) and one PCDH15 (c.3717+2dupTT) variants were observed to affect the splicing process by minigene assays and/or transcripts analysis obtained from nasal cells. Based on our results, minigenes are a good approach to determine the implication of identified variants in the mRNA processing, and the analysis of RNA obtained from nasal epithelial cells is an alternative method to discriminate neutral Usher variants from those with a pathogenic effect on the splicing process. In addition, we could observe that the nasal ciliated epithelium of USH1 patients shows a lower ciliary beat frequency than control subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Aparisi
- Research Group on Sensorineural Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gema García-García
- Research Group on Sensorineural Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Aller
- Research Group on Sensorineural Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center for Rare Diseases, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Sequedo
- Research Group on Sensorineural Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Regina Rodrigo
- Research Group on Sensorineural Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Armengot
- Rhinology Unit, General and University Hospital, Medical School, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Research Foundation of the University General Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Valencia, Spain
- University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Milara
- Biomedical Network Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Valencia, Spain
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University Clinic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Research Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Díaz-LLopis
- Department of Ophthalmology, La Fe University Hospital, Medical School, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Jaijo
- Research Group on Sensorineural Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center for Rare Diseases, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - José María Millán
- Research Group on Sensorineural Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center for Rare Diseases, Valencia, Spain
- Genetics Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
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24
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Bonnet C, Grati M, Marlin S, Levilliers J, Hardelin JP, Parodi M, Niasme-Grare M, Zelenika D, Délépine M, Feldmann D, Jonard L, El-Amraoui A, Weil D, Delobel B, Vincent C, Dollfus H, Eliot MM, David A, Calais C, Vigneron J, Montaut-Verient B, Bonneau D, Dubin J, Thauvin C, Duvillard A, Francannet C, Mom T, Lacombe D, Duriez F, Drouin-Garraud V, Thuillier-Obstoy MF, Sigaudy S, Frances AM, Collignon P, Challe G, Couderc R, Lathrop M, Sahel JA, Weissenbach J, Petit C, Denoyelle F. Complete exon sequencing of all known Usher syndrome genes greatly improves molecular diagnosis. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011; 6:21. [PMID: 21569298 PMCID: PMC3125325 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-6-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Usher syndrome (USH) combines sensorineural deafness with blindness. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive mode. Early diagnosis is critical for adapted educational and patient management choices, and for genetic counseling. To date, nine causative genes have been identified for the three clinical subtypes (USH1, USH2 and USH3). Current diagnostic strategies make use of a genotyping microarray that is based on the previously reported mutations. The purpose of this study was to design a more accurate molecular diagnosis tool. METHODS We sequenced the 366 coding exons and flanking regions of the nine known USH genes, in 54 USH patients (27 USH1, 21 USH2 and 6 USH3). RESULTS Biallelic mutations were detected in 39 patients (72%) and monoallelic mutations in an additional 10 patients (18.5%). In addition to biallelic mutations in one of the USH genes, presumably pathogenic mutations in another USH gene were detected in seven patients (13%), and another patient carried monoallelic mutations in three different USH genes. Notably, none of the USH3 patients carried detectable mutations in the only known USH3 gene, whereas they all carried mutations in USH2 genes. Most importantly, the currently used microarray would have detected only 30 of the 81 different mutations that we found, of which 39 (48%) were novel. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, complete exon sequencing of the currently known USH genes stands as a definite improvement for molecular diagnosis of this disease, which is of utmost importance in the perspective of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystel Bonnet
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, INSERM UMRS 587, UPMC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - M'hamed Grati
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, INSERM UMRS 587, UPMC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- NIDCD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Sandrine Marlin
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Levilliers
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, INSERM UMRS 587, UPMC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Hardelin
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, INSERM UMRS 587, UPMC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marine Parodi
- Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Magali Niasme-Grare
- Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Delphine Feldmann
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Jonard
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Aziz El-Amraoui
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, INSERM UMRS 587, UPMC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Weil
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, INSERM UMRS 587, UPMC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Delobel
- Centre de Génétique, Hôpital St-Antoine, Lille, France
| | | | - Hélène Dollfus
- Service de Génétique médicale, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Albert David
- Service de Génétique, Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | - Dominique Bonneau
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Neurogénétiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
| | - Jacques Dubin
- Service ORL, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
| | | | | | | | - Thierry Mom
- Service ORL, Hôtel-Dieu, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Centre de Génétique, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - Sabine Sigaudy
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Marie Frances
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital intercommunal de Font-Pré, Toulon La Seyne sur Mer, France
| | - Patrick Collignon
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital intercommunal de Font-Pré, Toulon La Seyne sur Mer, France
| | - Georges Challe
- Departement d'Ophtalmologie et de Médecine Interne, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, AP-HP, France
| | - Rémy Couderc
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Centre National de Génotypage, CEA, Evry, France
| | | | - Jean Weissenbach
- CEA, DSV, IG, Genoscope, CNRS-UMR 8030, UEVE, Université d'Evry, Evry, France
| | - Christine Petit
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, INSERM UMRS 587, UPMC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Denoyelle
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, INSERM UMRS 587, UPMC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale, INSERM UMRS 587, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, UPMC, Paris, France
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Cargo recognition mechanism of myosin X revealed by the structure of its tail MyTH4-FERM tandem in complex with the DCC P3 domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:3572-7. [PMID: 21321230 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1016567108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myosin X (MyoX), encoded by Myo10, is a representative member of the MyTH4-FERM domain-containing myosins, and this family of unconventional myosins shares common functions in promoting formation of filopodia/stereocilia structures in many cell types with unknown mechanisms. Here, we present the structure of the MyoX MyTH4-FERM tandem in complex with the cytoplasmic tail P3 domain of the netrin receptor DCC. The structure, together with biochemical studies, reveals that the MyoX MyTH4 and FERM domains interact with each other, forming a structural and functional supramodule. Instead of forming an extended β-strand structure in other FERM binding targets, DCC_P3 forms a single α-helix and binds to the αβ-groove formed by β5 and α1 of the MyoX FERM F3 lobe. Structure-based amino acid sequence analysis reveals that the key polar residues forming the inter-MyTH4/FERM interface are absolutely conserved in all MyTH4-FERM tandem-containing proteins, suggesting that the supramodular nature of the MyTH4-FERM tandem is likely a general property for all MyTH4-FERM proteins.
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26
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Jaijo T, Aller E, Aparisi MJ, García-García G, Hernan I, Gamundi MJ, Nájera C, Carballo M, Millán JM. Functional analysis of splicing mutations in MYO7A and USH2A genes. Clin Genet 2011; 79:282-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01454.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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27
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Millán JM, Aller E, Jaijo T, Blanco-Kelly F, Gimenez-Pardo A, Ayuso C. An update on the genetics of usher syndrome. J Ophthalmol 2010; 2011:417217. [PMID: 21234346 PMCID: PMC3017948 DOI: 10.1155/2011/417217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and, in some cases, vestibular dysfunction. It is clinically and genetically heterogeneous and is the most common cause underlying deafness and blindness of genetic origin. Clinically, USH is divided into three types. Usher type I (USH1) is the most severe form and is characterized by severe to profound congenital deafness, vestibular areflexia, and prepubertal onset of progressive RP. Type II (USH2) displays moderate to severe hearing loss, absence of vestibular dysfunction, and later onset of retinal degeneration. Type III (USH3) shows progressive postlingual hearing loss, variable onset of RP, and variable vestibular response. To date, five USH1 genes have been identified: MYO7A (USH1B), CDH23 (USH1D), PCDH15 (USH1F), USH1C(USH1C), and USH1G(USH1G). Three genes are involved in USH2, namely, USH2A (USH2A), GPR98 (USH2C), and DFNB31 (USH2D). USH3 is rare except in certain populations, and the gene responsible for this type is USH3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Millán
- Unidad de Genética, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-La Fe, 46009 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Aller
- Unidad de Genética, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-La Fe, 46009 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Jaijo
- Unidad de Genética, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-La Fe, 46009 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Fiona Blanco-Kelly
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Genética Médica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avenida Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ascensión Gimenez-Pardo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Genética Médica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avenida Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Genética Médica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avenida Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Le Guédard-Méreuze S, Vaché C, Baux D, Faugère V, Larrieu L, Abadie C, Janecke A, Claustres M, Roux AF, Tuffery-Giraud S. Ex vivo splicing assays of mutations at noncanonical positions of splice sites in USHER genes. Hum Mutat 2010; 31:347-55. [PMID: 20052763 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Molecular diagnosis in Usher syndrome type 1 and 2 patients led to the identification of 21 sequence variations located in noncanonical positions of splice sites in MYO7A, CDH23, USH1C, and USH2A genes. To establish experimentally the splicing pattern of these substitutions, whose impact on splicing is not always predictable by available softwares, ex vivo splicing assays were performed. The branch-point mapping strategy was also used to investigate further a putative branch-point mutation in USH2A intron 43. Aberrant splicing was demonstrated for 16 of the 21 (76.2%) tested sequence variations. The mutations resulted more frequently in activation of a nearby cryptic splice site or use of a de novo splice site than exon skipping (37.5%). This study allowed the reclassification as splicing mutations of one silent (c.7872G>A (p.Glu2624Glu) in CDH23) and four missense mutations (c.2993G>A (p.Arg998Lys) in USH2A, c.592G>A (p.Ala198Thr), c.3503G>C [p.Arg1168Pro], c.5944G>A (p.Gly1982Arg) in MYO7A), whereas it provided clues about a role in structure/function in four other cases: c.802G>A (p.Gly268Arg), c.653T>A (p.Val218Glu) (USH2A), and c.397C>T (p.His133Tyr), c.3502C>T (p.Arg1168Trp) (MYO7A). Our data provide insights into the contribution of splicing mutations in Usher genes and illustrate the need to define accurately their splicing outcome for diagnostic purposes.
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A novel allele of myosin VIIa reveals a critical function for the C-terminal FERM domain for melanosome transport in retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Neurosci 2010; 29:15810-8. [PMID: 20016096 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4876-09.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the head and tail domains of the motor protein myosin VIIA (MYO7A) cause deaf-blindness (Usher syndrome type 1B, USH1B) and nonsyndromic deafness (DFNB2, DFNA11). The head domain binds to F-actin and serves as the MYO7A motor domain, but little is known about the function of the tail domain. In a genetic screen, we have identified polka mice, which carry a mutation (c.5742 + 5G > A) that affects splicing of the MYO7A transcript and truncates the MYO7A tail domain at the C-terminal FERM domain. In the inner ear, expression of the truncated MYO7A protein is severely reduced, leading to defects in hair cell development. In retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, the truncated MYO7A protein is expressed at comparative levels to wild-type protein but fails to associate with and transport melanosomes. We conclude that the C-terminal FERM domain of MYO7A is critical for melanosome transport in RPE cells. Our findings also suggest that MYO7A mutations can lead to tissue-specific effects on protein levels, which may explain why some mutations in MYO7A lead to deafness without retinal impairment.
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Oshima A, Jaijo T, Aller E, Millan JM, Carney C, Usami S, Moller C, Kimberling WJ. Mutation profile of the CDH23 gene in 56 probands with Usher syndrome type I. Hum Mutat 2008; 29:E37-46. [PMID: 18429043 DOI: 10.1002/humu.20761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the human gene encoding cadherin23 (CDH23) cause Usher syndrome type 1D (USH1D) and nonsyndromic hearing loss. Individuals with Usher syndrome type I have profound congenital deafness, vestibular areflexia and usually begin to exhibit signs of RP in early adolescence. In the present study, we carried out the mutation analysis in all 69 exons of the CDH23 gene in 56 Usher type 1 probands already screened for mutations in MYO7A. A total of 18 of 56 subjects (32.1%) were observed to have one or two CDH23 variants that are presumed to be pathologic. Twenty one different pathologic genome variants were observed of which 15 were novel. Out of a total of 112 alleles, 31 (27.7%) were considered pathologic. Based on our results it is estimated that about 20% of patients with Usher syndrome type I have CDH23 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oshima
- Center for the Study and Treatment of Usher Syndrome, Boys Town National research hospital, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
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Aller E, Jaijo T, Beneyto M, Nájera C, Morera C, Pérez-Garrigues H, Ayuso C, Millán J. Screening of the USH1G gene among Spanish patients with Usher syndrome. Lack of mutations and evidence of a minor role in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. Ophthalmic Genet 2008; 28:151-5. [PMID: 17896313 DOI: 10.1080/13816810701537374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Usher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessive hereditary disorder characterized by the association of sensorineural hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and, in some cases, vestibular dysfunction. The USH1G gene, encoding SANS, has been found to cause both Usher syndrome type I and atypical Usher syndrome. 109 Spanish unrelated patients suffering from Usher syndrome type I, type II, type III and unclassified Usher syndrome were screened for mutations in this gene, but only eight different changes without a clear pathogenic effect have been detected. Based on these results as well as previous studies in other populations where mutational analysis of this gene has been carried out, one can conclude that USH1G has a minor involvement in Usher syndrome pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Aller
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Jaijo T, Aller E, Beneyto M, Najera C, Graziano C, Turchetti D, Seri M, Ayuso C, Baiget M, Moreno F, Morera C, Perez-Garrigues H, Millan JM. MYO7A mutation screening in Usher syndrome type I patients from diverse origins. J Med Genet 2007; 44:e71. [PMID: 17361009 PMCID: PMC2598023 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2006.045377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Jaijo
- Unidad de Genetica, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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