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Muppidi P, Wright E, Wassmer SC, Gupta H. Diagnosis of cerebral malaria: Tools to reduce Plasmodium falciparum associated mortality. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1090013. [PMID: 36844403 PMCID: PMC9947298 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1090013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM) is a major cause of mortality in Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection and is associated with the sequestration of parasitised erythrocytes in the microvasculature of the host's vital organs. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are key to a positive outcome in CM. However, current diagnostic tools remain inadequate to assess the degree of brain dysfunction associated with CM before the window for effective treatment closes. Several host and parasite factor-based biomarkers have been suggested as rapid diagnostic tools with potential for early CM diagnosis, however, no specific biomarker signature has been validated. Here, we provide an updated review on promising CM biomarker candidates and evaluate their applicability as point-of-care tools in malaria-endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranavi Muppidi
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Wright
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel C. Wassmer
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Himanshu Gupta
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, UP, India
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Wang Y, Gan Z, Zhang J, Wanchana S, Guo X. Suppression of SAMSN1 contributes to neuroprotection in neonatal rats suffering from hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injury. IBRAIN 2022; 9:3-12. [PMID: 37786523 PMCID: PMC10528993 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
This article aims to detect the effect of SAM domain, SH3 domain, and nuclear localization signal 1 (SAMSN1) in neonatal rats with neurological dysfunction induced by hypoxia and ischemia (HI). The HI model was created using 7-day postnatal rats. Zea-longa score was utilized to validate the neurological injury after HI. Then, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected by gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis methods. The oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) models were established in the SY5Y cells and fetal human cortical neurons. In addition, SAMSN1-small interfering RNA, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, and cell growth curve were employed to evaluate the cell viability variation. Obviously, Zea-longa scores increased in rats with HI insult. Subsequently, SAMSN1 was screened out, and it was found that SAMSN1 was strikingly upregulated in SY5Y cells and fetal neurons post-OGD. Interestingly, we found that SAMSN1 silencing could markedly enhance cell viability and cell growth after OGD. These data suggested that downregulation of SAMSN1 may exert a neuroprotective effect on damaged neurons after HI by improving cell viability and cell survival, which provides a potential theoretical basis for clinical trials in the future to treat neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Bo Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoning ProvinceChina
| | - Zong‐Jin Gan
- Class of 2019, Department of AnesthesiologySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Jun‐Yan Zhang
- Class of 2019, Department of AnesthesiologySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | | | - Xi‐Liang Guo
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical ScienceJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouChina
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive DysfunctionJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouChina
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Guillochon E, Fraering J, Joste V, Kamaliddin C, Vianou B, Houzé L, Baudrin LG, Faucher JF, Aubouy A, Houzé S, Cot M, Argy N, Taboureau O, Bertin GI. OUP accepted manuscript. J Infect Dis 2022; 225:2187-2196. [PMID: 35255125 PMCID: PMC9200161 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM) is the severest form of Plasmodium falciparum infection. Children under 5 years old are those most vulnerable to CM, and they consequently have the highest risk of malaria-related death. Parasite-associated factors leading to CM are not yet fully elucidated. We therefore sought to characterize the gene expression profile associated with CM, using RNA sequencing data from 15 CM and 15 uncomplicated malaria isolates from Benin. Cerebral malaria parasites displayed reduced circulation times, possibly related to higher cytoadherence capacity. Consistent with the latter, we detected increased var genes abundance in CM isolates. Differential expression analyses showed that distinct transcriptome profiles are signatures of malaria severity. Genes involved in adhesion, excluding variant surface antigens, were dysregulated, supporting the idea of increased cytoadhesion capacity of CM parasites. Finally, we found dysregulated expression of genes in the entry into host pathway that may reflect greater erythrocyte invasion capacity of CM parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Guillochon
- Université Paris Cité, MERIT, IRD, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1133, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - J Fraering
- Université Paris Cité, MERIT, IRD, Paris, France
| | - V Joste
- Université Paris Cité, MERIT, IRD, Paris, France
- Parasitology Laboratory, Hôpital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, APHP, Paris, France
- French Malaria Reference Center, Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris, France
| | - C Kamaliddin
- Cumming School of Medicine, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - B Vianou
- Université Paris Cité, MERIT, IRD, Paris, France
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - L Houzé
- Université Paris Cité, MERIT, IRD, Paris, France
| | - L G Baudrin
- Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence Platform, PSL Research University, Research Center, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - J F Faucher
- INSERM, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, IRD, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - A Aubouy
- Université de Toulouse, PHARMADEV, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - S Houzé
- Université Paris Cité, MERIT, IRD, Paris, France
- Parasitology Laboratory, Hôpital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, APHP, Paris, France
- French Malaria Reference Center, Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris, France
| | - M Cot
- Université Paris Cité, MERIT, IRD, Paris, France
| | - N Argy
- Université Paris Cité, MERIT, IRD, Paris, France
- Parasitology Laboratory, Hôpital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, APHP, Paris, France
- French Malaria Reference Center, Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris, France
| | - O Taboureau
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1133, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - G I Bertin
- Correspondence: Gwladys I. Bertin, PhD, Université Paris Cité, MERIT, IRD, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France ()
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Li K, Wang H, Zhang HF, Zhao XX, Lai YJ, Liu FF. Genomic analysis of host gene responses to cerebral Plasmodium falciparum malaria. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:819-826. [PMID: 33942992 PMCID: PMC8342194 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction A vaccine for malaria is urgently required but no vaccine has yet shown satisfactory protective efficacy especially for Plasmodium falciparum. P. falciparum infection can progress to cerebral malaria (CM), a neurological syndrome with exceedingly high mortality. Designing effective P. falciparum vaccines require more understanding of the protective immune response while the host immune response to CM and the mechanisms are still elusive. Here, we aim to identify host gene responses to CM and host gene networks associated with CM pathogenesis. Methods An innovative genomic analysis strategy, the weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) combined with differential gene expression analysis, was used in this study. Data for analysis contain 93 whole blood samples, derived from two previous public transcriptome datasets. Results This approach led to the identification of numerous differentially expressed human transcripts and dozens of coexpression gene modules. We further identified nine key genes, including MBP, SAMSN1, PSMF1, SLC39A8, EIF3B, SMPDL3A, FABP5, SPSB3, and SHARPIN, of which the last four genes were first identified to be related to CM in the present study. Conclusion The results provided a comprehensive characterization of host gene expression profiles in CM and offered some new insight into malaria vaccine design. These identified key genes could be potential targets or immune modulators for novel therapeutic interventions of CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Ji Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang-Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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